essay about beauty pageant

Essay on Beauty Pageants

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100 Words Essay on Beauty Pageants

What are beauty pageants.

Beauty Pageants are competitions where people, mostly women, show their beauty, talent, and intelligence. These contests started in America in the 1920s. They are popular worldwide today. Contestants present themselves in different rounds like evening gown, swimsuit, and interview.

Types of Beauty Pageants

There are different types of Beauty Pageants. Some are for teens, some for adults. Some famous ones are Miss Universe, Miss World, and Miss America. Each contest has its own rules. Some focus on beauty, some on talent, and some on charity work.

Benefits of Beauty Pageants

Beauty Pageants can help people grow. They can boost confidence, improve public speaking skills, and teach discipline. Winners often get scholarships or work opportunities. They also get a chance to represent their country globally.

Criticism of Beauty Pageants

Some people think Beauty Pageants are not good. They say it only values beauty, not intelligence or talent. They also think it sets unrealistic beauty standards. Some say it’s not safe for young girls. These are valid concerns that need attention.

Beauty Pageants have both good and bad sides. They can help people grow but can also create pressure. It’s important to remember that beauty is not just about looks. It’s also about being kind, smart, and confident.

250 Words Essay on Beauty Pageants

Beauty pageants are contests where people, mostly women, compete. The main goal is to find the most beautiful and talented person. These contests happen all over the world. They are popular events that many people enjoy watching.

There are many types of beauty pageants. Some are for adults, and some are for kids. Some focus on beauty, while others focus on talent or intelligence. The most famous beauty pageant is Miss Universe. This contest includes women from many different countries.

Beauty pageants can help people in many ways. They can help people build confidence and learn new skills. They can also help people make new friends and learn about different cultures. Some people even win money or scholarships in these contests.

Drawbacks of Beauty Pageants

There are also some problems with beauty pageants. Some people say they focus too much on looks and not enough on other things. They say this can make people feel bad about themselves. Also, these contests can be very expensive to enter.

In conclusion, beauty pageants are complex events. They can be both good and bad. It’s important to remember that everyone is beautiful in their own way. We should all try to be the best we can be, no matter what.

500 Words Essay on Beauty Pageants

Beauty pageants are contests where people, often women, compete based on their physical beauty, talent, and personality. The contestants often wear special dresses, show their talents, and answer questions. These contests are popular all over the world. The winners often get prizes, like money or a crown.

History of Beauty Pageants

Beauty pageants started a long time ago. The first modern beauty pageant was in Atlantic City, USA in 1921. It was called the “Miss America” contest. At first, only unmarried women could join. Now, there are many types of beauty pageants. Some are for men, kids, or even pets!

Parts of a Beauty Pageant

A beauty pageant usually has three parts. The first part is the “swimsuit” or “evening gown” competition. This is where contestants show their physical beauty. The second part is the “talent” competition. Contestants can sing, dance, or do other talents. The third part is the “interview” competition. Contestants answer questions to show their personality and intelligence.

Positive Effects of Beauty Pageants

Beauty pageants can be good for people. They can help build confidence and public speaking skills. They can also help people make friends and learn about different cultures. Some beauty pageants even give scholarships or help charities.

Negative Effects of Beauty Pageants

On the other hand, beauty pageants can also have bad effects. They can make people feel bad about their looks. They can also be very expensive. Some people think that beauty pageants focus too much on looks and not enough on other things, like intelligence or kindness.

In conclusion, beauty pageants are contests that focus on beauty, talent, and personality. They have both good and bad effects. It’s important to remember that everyone is beautiful in their own way, and we should not judge people only by their looks.

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Alumni news hilary levey friedman *09 studies the sociology of beauty pageants.

That personal and professional history inspired  Here She Is: The Complicated Reign of the Beauty Pageant in America  (Beacon Press), tracing the relationship between beauty pageants and American feminism. “It just really felt like a book that I needed to write,” Friedman says. Friedman doesn’t deny the role of pageants in objectifying women, but she writes that she nevertheless has “come to see Miss America as possibly the best example of the difficult and complicated nature of American womanhood.” 

What was the impact of having a former Miss America as your mother?   

When I was growing up, it really loomed large. It made me want to go out and forge my own path. That changed a little bit, because in my sophomore year of college, shortly after the JonBenét Ramsey murder, I discovered sociology as a discipline. We needed to do a project about some question in society. Mine was: Why do moms put their young daughters in child beauty pageants? At the time, I didn’t think this was some subconscious way to stay connected to my mom. Looking back, I can see that was my first attempt to try to reconcile my notions about beauty and brains. Growing up, I thought those were mutually exclusive. I definitely no longer believe that is true. 

The book seems to reflect some ambivalence about beauty pageants.

Like many things in life, beauty pageants are not all good and they’re not all bad — it’s how you decide to use it in your life. There are skills that women can learn by competing in beauty pageants. We shouldn’t say that these women who compete are cultural dupes. Think about someone like Gretchen Carlson [Miss America 1989 and a past board chair of the competition], undoubtedly one of  the most successful women in media  and in the social movement around sexual harassment. 

You’re a pageant judge and you’re also the president of the Rhode Island chapter of the National Organization for Women. That seems complicated. 

To me, what it comes down to is that the feminist movement is about choice. I would never dismiss someone based on how they look — either because they’re too girly or not girly enough. To me these things are just not mutually exclusive, especially today.

What do feminism and beauty pageants owe one another?

Certainly there’s a symbiotic relationship. Beauty-pageant contestants wear sashes very similar to what the suffragettes wore. The suffragettes really paved the way for women to be out in public. We see the pageants in some ways co-opting the platform of the First Wave feminists. For Second Wave feminism, the feminists co-opted that very large platform the Miss America pageant had built in order to advance and amplify their own message about women’s rights.  

What was the biggest challenge in writing  Here She Is?

This is a subculture that at times can be very closed off, and that’s especially true in child beauty pageants. But also, because there has been a lot of tumult and drama around the  Miss America  program the past few years, getting access, even for someone like me who has relationships, was challenging.  

It’s surprising to learn that Gloria Steinem competed in an Ohio beauty pageant.

Beauty pageants offered women an opportunity for social mobility, an opportunity to access funds for education.  

Beyond sexism, pageants have a history of other “isms” — racism, ableism, homophobia. To what extent do these issues still trouble pageants? 

They absolutely still haunt. Obviously, there are more women of color who have won. Still, though, a woman who identifies as Latinx has never won the title of Miss America. In terms of homophobia, that’s probably the one first that has not happened in any of the major pageants yet — that someone competes as an “out” lesbian [and wins]. Ableism is still an issue. There has been a deaf Miss America. The first woman with a major physical disability to compete at one of the big pageants was at Miss USA — and it was when Donald Trump owned it. She got special permission to have an escort on stage. 

Your book also describes an array of other, less prominent pageants.   

Let’s take Miss Black America as an example. The point was not to say that women’s beauty didn’t matter. They just wanted to say that black women’s beauty is beautiful as well. There are ethnic pageants that celebrate beauty in a different way. Miss Navajo includes a cooking competition and being able to speak the language. 

Is  Miss America  — or beauty pageants in general — past its prime?

I don’t think pageantry is past its prime, because we see it in all kinds of new ways today. I just finished watching  RuPaul’s Drag Race All Stars . The winner gets a crown and a scepter. That’s certainly a new form of pageantry. But I do have concerns about  Miss America  and its longevity. I think there will always be a group of diehard fans who keep it going, but if  Miss America ’s not on TV, particularly network TV, it doesn’t have the resources to give out the scholarships. 

How else have beauty pageants affected the larger culture? The book mentions  The Bachelor  and  Bachelorette  franchises. 

The Bachelor  is basically what  Miss America  used to be — even down to who used to be the host, Chris Harrison. When you watch the early episodes of each  Bachelor  season, it’s like a  Miss America  pageant. Everybody pretty much appears in their swimsuits. And then the Rose Ceremony is like the evening gown [competition]. The links between the marriage market and debutante culture are very evident in both. One of the judges of  Miss America   2012  was Mike Fleiss, who came up with  The Bachelor  and is the executive producer [and married the winner of the  Miss America  competition he judged].  

What about the links between pageantry and politics? 

The skills that many politicians need to be successful are skills that a woman can develop by doing these pageants. That includes speaking in public and being good with the media, and having a platform and a story. It used to be Miss Americas would marry politicians. But now they want to be the politician. 

Interview conducted and condensed by Julia M. Klein

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Essay beauty pageants

Beauty Pageants: Importance and Benefits

Beauty pageants and their popularity, importance of beauty pageants to the world and for the individual, physical and psychological benefits of beauty pageants, works cited.

Beauty pageants are contests that have been held in almost all the countries of the world for a long time, where participants demonstrate their talents and, first of all, beauty. Their popularity can be explained by the fact that these pageants entertain viewers who cheer for their compatriots. Besides, such events bring rather good profits to their organizers; such competitions are a success, and the world contest “Miss Universe” generally has high ratings. A beauty pageant is quite a good start for those girls who want to make a decent career and become famous, and one of the efficient ways to achieve it is to work hard.

Beauty pageants are contests, where young girls compete with one another for the right to be called the most beautiful. Their reputation has long been proved, and viewers have always enjoyed watching such shows. Despite Bos and Schneider note that beauty may be called the most effective women’s currency, it is not the only criterion that plays an important role (102). Women have a talent competition too during beauty pageants, and their skills are also valuable and worth considering. Furthermore, a variety of tasks attracts more viewers, and these programs are watched by many people. Organizers have learned how to profit from it; therefore, the implementation of such contests in the world of show business with a high probability can be regarded as an favorable decision.

This rapid development of television broadcasting has led to the emergence of beauty pageants in almost every more or less developed country. Cohen notes that the influence of global trends and the popularity of such competitions in the world gave impetus to their development, for example, in the Caribbean (697). Besides, viewers like to watch beauties for one more reason. When a particular girl wins at her homeland, she receives an opportunity to represent her country at the international level, and such events, as a rule, can not but attract everyone’s attention.

The world importance of beauty pageants can be somewhat deeper than it may look at a glance. According to Gimlin, such terms as beauty and democracy are of global nature and are practically homogeneous from a particular point of view (148). Moreover, the participation of girls of all the races and nationalities in these contests erases borders between states and excludes racism and any other prejudices regarding particular social, religious or political principles (Roberts 202).

Perhaps, the performance of such a format is equally important for participants themselves. When a girl gains universal recognition, it necessarily affects her self-confidence and helps to understand that beauty is not the only way to achieve high goals. After all, competitions at any level mean not only defile on the podium but also intellectual rivalry, which in its way gives an opportunity to self-develop. Therefore, any girl or an adult woman should be more aware that achieving a high result depends directly on diligence and the pursuit of success.

For a particular girl participating in a beauty pageant means hard work on herself. Hinojosa and Carle even note that world contests are somewhat a women’s way to power, which is achieved through self-development (24). Participation motivates young girls to self-improvement, both externally and internally. Beauty contests also carry practical benefits as they help the male sex evaluate the strength and attractiveness of female beauty (Jeffreys 7). Therefore, there are certainly advantages of holding such events.

Thus, a beauty pageant is a good start for those girls who want to make a decent career and gain recognition. The key moment here is not to forget to work on oneself and continually develop skills and talents that can help in achieving victory. In this case, not only participants themselves but also the audience will be able to enjoy the success of the work done.

Bos, Angela L., and Schneider, Monica C., editors. The Political Psychology of Women in U.S. Politics , Routledge, 2016.

Cohen, Colleen. “BVI Barbie: Materializing Subjectivity on the Beauty Pageant Stage.” Anthropological Quarterly , vol. 89, no. 3, 2016, pp. 689-721.

Gimlin, Debra. “Exploring the Glocal Flow of Beauty.” European Glocalization in Global Context , edited by Roland Robertson, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2014, pp. 147-170.

Hinojosa, Magda, and Carle, Jill. “From Miss World to World Leader: Beauty Queens, Paths to Power, and Political Representations.” Journal of Women, Politics & Policy , vol. 37, no. 1, 2016, pp. 24-46.

Jeffreys, Sheila. Beauty and Misogyny: Harmful Cultural Practices in the West . 2nd ed., Routledge, 2014.

Roberts, Blain. Pageants, Parlors, and Pretty Women: Race and Beauty in the Twentieth-Century South . University of North Carolina Press, 2014.

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Aspects of Society Beauty Standards Essay

Introduction, works cited.

Modern society is characterized by constant media appraisal of beauty. Every boy and girl receives the message that being beautiful is important in life. Entire industries revolve around the concepts of physical attractiveness and appeal. Yet, despite the overall acknowledged role of beauty in society, many struggle with identifying elements that characterize a person as beautiful. Comparing and contrasting, illustrating, and cause and effect explanatory strategies will offer insight into the essence of contemporary beauty standards, the most evident examples, and their origins.

The comparing and contrasting strategy will allow for ascertaining what is currently considered beautiful. Although beauty is a subjective concept and its expression is highly dependent on the geographical, economic, and social context, some physical features are most commonly considered attractive. Laham argues that “men tend to prefer women with large wide-set eyes, full lips, high cheekbones, a small nose, a narrow jaw, and full breasts; and who have a low waist-to-hip ratio” (75). This implies that a woman with small eyes, narrow lips, low cheekbones, a large nose, a wide jaw, small breasts, and a large belly would be considered unsightly.

Even though most of the beauty standards revolve around women, certain cultural expectations of male beauty exist as well. Laham lists the following features as most commonly considered beautiful: “a heavy lower face, high degree of facial symmetry, masculine facial dimorphism, broad shoulders, a relatively narrow waist, and a V-shaped torso” (75). In contrast, a man with a lighter face, evident differences between the right and left sides of the face, feminine features, a large belly, and a waist larger than shoulders would not be considered attractive.

Both physical ideals are common in that they accentuate sex-specific characteristics and promote weight stigma. In the same way, physical femininity is preferable for women, masculine features are suitable for men. However, the low weight ratio is a more unifying standard of male and female attractiveness. Current society praises slim bodies in both sexes while criticizing excessive fat. Body size is a significant psychological pressure point for the majority of people, albeit it does affect women more to such a point that many develop mental illnesses because their weight prevents them from feeling beautiful (Ciciurkaite and Perry 35). Therefore, the most distinctive characteristic of present-day beauty standards is low weight.

The illustrating strategy will allow an understanding of the beauty standards via the use of real-life examples. The most appropriate way to locate a woman considered more attractive than others is to analyze the results of beauty pageants. These competitions have been designed specifically to compare female contestants and crown the winner as Miss World, Miss International, Miss Earth, or Miss Universe – the most-known pageants in the world. The most evident element of these competitions is that most of the contestants and winners have similar body types, which fit into the previously described ideal (Willett-Wei and Shaw). The most meaningful change over the years is the increasing ethnic diversity of contestants, who still possess similar physiques.

However, beauty pageant winners are not as famous as cinema celebrities. Jayne Mansfield, Kim Novak, and Marilyn Monroe exemplify women with hourglass figures (Laham 80). Penélope Cruz and Angelina Jolie showcase the beauty standard for lips (Laham 157). Scarlett Johansson, Minka Kelly, and Emilia Clarke are praised for their seductive hair (Aziz, Neelum, and Akhtar 81). Finally, the most important beauty standard is youthful appearance, with photographers and cinematographers attempting using various techniques to hide one’s age as is the case with Charlize Theron (Aziz, Neelum, and Akhtar 84). These women are recognized as beauty icons in the industry and the general population.

As most of the media attention centers on ascertaining the most attractive women, icons of beauty among men are less evident. Nevertheless, there are cinema stars that have gained the most recognition for their appearance. For example, in the media perception, Brad Pitt, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Keanu Reeves are seen as objectively attractive (La Force). Another example of the cinema industry emphasizing male beauty is Tom Cruise’s role in the movie Top Gun . The only physical feature that would not characterize him as beautiful is his short height. However, scenes were shot in such a manner that this subtlety is almost not seen by the viewer, which further corroborates the established beauty standard for men.

The cause-and-effect exploratory strategy explains the origins of contemporary beauty standards. Even though there is evidence that infants who have not been exposed to media narratives react to beautiful faces more positively than to unsightly ones, the perception of beauty itself has changed over history (Aziz, Neelum, and Akhtar 78). One of the oldest explanations for why beauty is considered important lies in the perception of attractive people as noble and their opposites as evil (Srivastava 4). Even though cultural awareness has moved beyond this assumption, the reaction of toddlers suggests that such behavior is unconscious.

The biological explanation of physical attractiveness attributes the perception of beauty to the ability of humans to procreate and provide for the future. For instance, wide shoulders allowed men to carry prey that would feed the family, while “a tight, muscular rear is necessary to make the strong forward thrusting motion needed for successful sperm transfer during sex” (Pease and Pease 315). Meanwhile, the youthful appearance of a woman’s breasts, long legs, and rounded buttocks communicates the message of her fertility and childbearing ability (Pease and Pease 306). Even though the complexity of the human body is too high to make such assumptions, these signals are unconscious as is the perception of beauty.

Finally, mathematical proportions of parts of the human body are also a strong causative factor of attractiveness. The historic standards of Ancient Greece accentuated the importance of symmetry for beauty (Aziz, Neelum, and Akhtar 77). The beauty of the universally acclaimed portrait Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci is also attributed to the use of facial symmetry (Laham 71). This aspect has been passed on through generations and is currently one of the most important criteria used in beauty pageants to identify the winner (Srivastava 4). As a result, there is a mathematical explanation of beauty, which has persisted through history and is expressed in the form of symmetry.

In conclusion, comparing and contrasting, illustrating, and cause and effect explanatory strategies showcase that society’s beauty standards are both unique and consistent with traditional values. The recent hundred years have seen the codification of principles of physical attractiveness for men and women. Symmetry, low weight, and sexual dimorphism determine whether a person is considered attractive or not. Most elements of beauty have a biological or mathematical explanation, which causes the unconscious perception of beauty. Combined with media exposure, it explains why current beauty standards are so similar despite the diversity of cultures and societies.

Aziz, Selina, Neelum Almas, and Amer Akhtar. “Feminine Beauty in the Hyperreal World: A Postmodern Analysis of Esquire’s Women We Love.” Journal of Gender and Social Issues , vol. 20, no. 1, 2021, pp. 77-88.

Ciciurkaite, Gabriele, and Brea L. Perry. “Body Weight, Perceived Weight Stigma and Mental Health among Women at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status: Insights from the Modified Labelling Approach.” Sociology of Health & Illness , vol. 40, no. 1, 2018, pp. 18-37.

La Force, Thessaly. “Viggo Mortensen, the Unlikely Leading Man.” The New York Times , Web.

Laham, Martha. Made Up: How the Beauty Industry Manipulates Consumers, Preys on Women’s Insecurities, and Promotes Unattainable Beauty Standards . Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2020.

Pease, Barbara, and Pease, Allan. The Definitive Book of Body Language: How to Read Others’ Attitudes by Their Gestures . Orion, 2017.

Srivastava, Simpi. “Global Production of a Feminine Ideal: Behind the Scenes of Beauty Pageants.” Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation , vol. 1, 2020, pp. 1-15.

Top Gun . Directed by Tony Scott, Paramount Pictures, 1986.

Willett-Wei, Megan and Gabbi Shaw. “THEN AND NOW: How the Miss Universe Pageant Has Evolved over the Last 69 Years” . Insider , Web.

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Churchill Explores Role of Beauty Pageants in Mental Health of Young Women

Evidence has been growing for decades that thin-ideal body imagery has adverse effects on mental health. This has prompted more socially conscious advertising strategies that forgo digital retouching and include more diverse body types. A  new paper  co-authored by a researcher at the University of Massachusetts Amherst provides fresh evidence that media-driven social comparisons play an important role in shaping preferences and altering health behaviors, particularly among young women and girls.

Brandyn Churchill , assistant professor of resource economics at UMass Amherst, and Christopher Carpenter, E. Bronson Ingram professor of economics at Vanderbilt University, examined which states won the Miss America and Miss USA pageants during the 1990s and early 2000s. They found that winning states experienced increases in pageant-related media coverage and Google searches following the competition, compared with non-winning states.

States with pageant winners had more front-page pageant-related coverage in the two days following the competition. These states also experienced increased pageant-related Google searches.

Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, Churchill and Carpenter then show that teen girls and young women in states with pageant wins were more likely to report that they were trying to lose weight and that non-overweight teen girls were more likely to describe themselves as overweight.

Pageant-aged women were nearly 5% more likely to report that they were trying to lose weight and teen girls were 4% less likely to hold accurate views of their body types, instead describing themselves as heavier than indicated by their body mass index. The research also shows that teen girls were 5% more likely to report exercising to lose or maintain their weight and 6% more likely to report calorie-limiting behaviors.

Similar changes were not detected for teen boys, young men or older women for whom social comparisons were less likely.

“The interesting side for us was the health behaviors,” Churchill says. “The idea that this type of imagery and media exposure can have effects on health behaviors.”

While the research focuses on temporary shocks to local beauty norms and does not address the consequences of prolonged and repeated exposure to thin-ideal imagery, Churchill and Carpenter submit that near-constant exposure to similar content may be even more harmful.

“We need to be a little more aware of how media is shaping our views of ourselves, our views of other people and our views of what is and what is not acceptable—be it health behaviors or otherwise,” Churchill says.

The research creates a foundation to study the rise of social media and how platforms such as YouTube, TikTok and Instagram affect health behaviors. It also has the potential to help inform policymakers as calls grow to regulate social media.

“This is something that I actually think there is potentially bipartisan support for addressing,” Churchill says. “If you are somebody who is concerned about the far-reaching implications of large social media tech organizations and how they are shaping children, this speaks to you.”

The paper was recently accepted by the Journal of Human Resources and is available at  https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w31156/w31156.pdf .

This article first appeared on UMass Amherst News & Events . 

Brandyn Churchill

Brandyn Churchill's research examines the roles of information and cost in shaping health care decisions.

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Roberto Cavalli, a Life Out Loud

The fashion designer who made maximalism cool.

Credit... Gareth Cattermole/Getty Images for Vogue and The Dubai Mall

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By Vanessa Friedman and Jacob Bernstein

• April 12, 2024

Roberto Cavalli, the Italian designer who made a name for himself as the couturier to the rock ‘n roll St. Tropez set and who died this week at age 83, lived as he designed: in his own Wild Kingdom of parrots, Persian cats, monkeys, racehorses and assorted toys (Ferraris, a helicopter). He founded his own brand in 1970 and almost from the beginning loved zebra, giraffe, leopard and lynx; tiger stripes and leopard spots, and put them not just on the runway but on his poolside loungers and motorcycle seats — often all at the same time.

His animal prints did not always originate from nature but from his own imagination, chimeras of exotic skins that telegraphed excess, sex and aspiration. He roamed further afield, of course — into lace, sequins, studs and denim — but it was his love of an over-the-top sartorial menagerie that made his name. If Gianni Versace was the id of Italian fashion, Mr. Cavalli made it roar, hitting mass saturation in the late nineties as an antidote to the minimalism of Jil Sander and Helmut Lang.

He stepped into the vacuum created by the murder of Mr. Versace in 1997, was further buoyed by the frothy stock market, and soon, Paris Hilton was wearing him. So was Candace Bushnell, creator of “Sex and the City.” Victoria Beckham was a fan during her Posh Spice era. Little wonder he was the main sponsor of the 2004 show at the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Costume Institute: “Wild: Fashion Untamed” — or that Ben Stiller wore Mr. Cavalli’s designs for “Zoolander,” Mr. Stiller’s fashion satire.

PETA would have been horrified (protestors crashed a show in 2005), and the biggest fashion magazines held their noses a little, but celebrities flocked like migrating birds in his brightly branded plumage to Mr. Cavalli’s shows and modernist estate outside Florence. There he played host to them all, lord of the leopard print jungle.

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Home — Essay Samples — Entertainment — Child Beauty Pageants — The Reason Why Beauty Pageants Should be Banned 

The Reason Why Beauty Pageants Should Be Banned 

• Categories: Child Beauty Pageants Child Protection

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Words: 1203 |

Published: Dec 16, 2021

Words: 1203 | Pages: 3 | 7 min read

Table of contents

Introduction, child beauty pageants should be banned (essay), works cited.

• Dante, J. M. (2014). The impact of beauty pageants on mental health: A meta-analysis. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychology, 42(5), 564-575.
• Hassan, L. M., Shrivastava, A., & Edmonds, J. (2017). The impact of child beauty pageants on body dissatisfaction, eating attitudes, and self-esteem: A systematic review. Body Image, 22, 81-90.
• Beauty Pageants Affecting Young Girls' Self-Esteem. (2019). Psychology Today. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/my-judging-eye/201901/beauty-pageants-affecting-young-girls-self-esteem
• Butler, J. (2011). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. Routledge.
• Usher, C. L., & Butters, J. W. (2011). Beauty pageants: What's the harm? The Medical Journal of Australia, 195(2), 72.
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