phd nima degani

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Nima Dehghani

Associated Research Module: 

• Module 1: Visual Stream

Associated Research Thrust: 

• Neural Circuits for Intelligence
• Theoretical Frameworks for Intelligence
• Exploring Future Directions

Nima Dehghani  is a Research Scientist at the Allen Discovery Center | Tufts University. Previously, he was a Computational & Theoretical Neuroscientist at MIT physics department. After his medical training, as a research fellow at the  HMS/MGH/MIT Martinos center  and then at the  UCSD Multimodal Imaging Lab  & MGH Cortical Neurophysiology Lab, he worked on multimodal investigation and electromagnetic source localization of sleep rhythms and thalamocortical oscillations.  His PhD work at  Unite de Neurosciences, Information et Complexite (UNIC) of Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , was on spectral dynamics of MEG/EEG, assessment of self-organized criticality in multi-electrode ensemble recordings, and analyzing network properties of excitation/inhibition in micro-circuitry of the cerebral cortex. At  Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering , and lately at  New England Complex Systems Institute  and  MIT Physics  he uses multimodal techniques in conjunction with the theoretical implications of bioelectromagnetism, multiscale interaction, and complex systems to characterize the dynamic patterns of neuro-signals obtained from miniaturized high-throughput microdevices and large-scale recordings. He aims to use the theoretical perspective of of neuronal ensemble dynamics in design of bio-inspired intelligence and to further enhance their usability for clinical purposes.

Nima's research track encompasses interconnected frontiers: i) investigating the nature of state-dependent collective information processing ranging from macroscopic/mesoscopic scale dynamics (Spatiotemporal characteristics of large scale oscillations), ii) understanding ensemble pattern formation at mesoscopic/microcircuitry scale (Spatiotemporal orchestration of local field potential and spiking ensembles patterns) iii) to bridge across these computational scales, he studies the physical nature of the measured signals at multiple scale (MEG, EEG, Electrocorticogram, Local field potential, Spiking) and their underlying biophysical constitutes (Biophysical links across these scales of observation).

• http://compneuro.mit.edu/
• http://scholar.harvard.edu/nima

Nima Dehghani

Featured Co-authors

Gianluca Caterina

Ralf D. Wimmer

Physical computation and compositionality

A computational perspective of the role of Thalamus in cognition

Design of the artificial: lessons from the biological roots of general intelligence.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) va Doctor of Science (ScD): asosiy farqlar, oʻqish kimlar uchun, talablar va dissertatsiya himoyasi haqida

35567 marta

CHOP ETILGAN

2017-yilning 1-iyulidan boshlab, yurtimizda oliy taʼlimdan keyingi taʼlim sohasi isloh qilindi. Yaʼni, falsafa doktori – PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) va fan doktori – ScD (Doctor of Science) ilmiy darajalarini beruvchi doktorantura tizimi joriy qilindi.

Huquqiy asos

Ushbu tizimni joriy etish va jarayonni tartibga solish Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2017-yil 16-fevraldagi “Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim tizimini yanada takomillashtirish toʻgʻrisida”gi PF-4958-son Farmoni va Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2017-yil 22-maydagi “Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim tizimini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari toʻgʻrisida”gi 304-son Qarori hamda “Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim toʻgʻrisida Nizom”ga muvofiq amalga oshiriladi ( Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi qonun hujjatlari toʻplami, 2017 y., 8-son, 106-modda ). Batafsil: SHU YERDA.

Farqi nimada?

PhD va ScD doktorlik ilmiy darajasining boshlangʻich va toʻliq bosqichlarni anglatadi. Mohiyatiga koʻra, avvalgi fan nomzodi PhD, fan doktori esa ScD ga mos keladi.

Oʻqishga qabul

1. Tegishli fan tarmogʻi boʻyicha falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini berishni nazarda tutuvchi tayanch doktorantura da oʻqiydi. Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun tayanch doktoranturaga kiruvchi yoki mustaqil izlanuvchi sifatida rasmiylashtiriluvchi shaxslar quyidagi talablarga javob berishi lozim:

• magistr darajasi yoki klinik ordinatura (tibbiyot fanlari uchun),yoki oliy maʼlumot (mutaxassislik dasturlari boʻyicha) toʻgʻrisidagi diplomga ega boʻlish;
• falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun dissertatsiya tadqiqoti asosini tashkil qilishi mumkin boʻlgan muayyan ilmiy natijalarga, shu jumladan, ilmiy jurnallar va nashrlarda chop etilgan kamida bitta ilmiy maqolaga hamda ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyalar, seminarlarda, tegishli ilmiy yoʻnalishlar boʻyicha ilmiy ishlar toʻplamlarida kamida ikkita tezisga ega boʻlish;
• Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun mustaqil izlanuvchilikka ikki yildan kam boʻlmagan ilmiy-pedagogik stajga yoki aniq ilmiy yutuqqa (ixtiroga patent yoki mualliflik guvohnomasi) ega boʻlgan shaxslar rasmiylashtiriladi.
• Tayanch doktoranturaga nomzod kirish imtihonlarini topshiradi.

2. Oʻrnatilgan tartibda mustaqil tadqiqotchi sifatida rasmiylashtirilgan, magistr darajasiga yoki oliy maʼlumotga (mutaxassislik dasturlari boʻyicha) ega boʻlgan, yoxud klinik ordinaturani tugatgan (tibbiyot fanlari uchun) shaxslarga ham falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun doktorlik dissertatsiyasini himoya qilishga ruxsat beriladi. Mustaqil izlanuvchilik suhbat natijasiga koʻra rasmiylashtiriladi.

*Tibbiyot fanlari boʻyicha oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim institutiga qabul qilishda OTM yoki ITMning Kollegial organi qarori bilan talabgordan klinik ordinatura (magistraturani) yoki ilmiy darajani olganidan soʻng ilmiy, ilmiy-pedagogik yoki amaliy ish stajiga (ikki yildan toʻrt yilgacha boʻlgan muddatda) ega boʻlishi talab etilishi mumkin.

1. Tegishli fan tarmogʻi boʻyicha fan doktori (Doctor of Science) ilmiy darajasini berishni nazarda tutuvchi doktorantura da oʻqiydi. Fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun doktoranturaga kiruvchi yoki mustaqil izlanuvchi sifatida rasmiylashtiriluvchi shaxslar quyidagi talablarga javob berishi kerak:

• fan nomzodi yoki falsafa doktori (PhD) yoki unga tenglashtirilgan xorijiy mamlakatlarda olingan ilmiy darajalar;
• fan nomzodi yoki falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olgandan soʻng muhim ilmiy yutuqlarga erishish, shu jumladan, fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun dissertatsiya tadqiqoti asosini tashkil qilishi mumkin boʻlgan ilmiy jurnallarda chop etilgan kamida uchta ilmiy maqolaga hamda ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyalar, seminarlar va tegishli ilmiy yoʻnalishlar boʻyicha ilmiy ishlar toʻplamlarida kamida ikkita tezisga ega boʻlish.
• doktoranturaga qabul suhbat asosida amalga oshiriladi.

2. Oʻrnatilgan tartibda mustaqil tadqiqotchi sifatida rasmiylashtirilgan, falsafa doktori (PhD) yoki fan nomzodi, yoki xorijiy davlatlarda berilgan, unga tenglashtirilgan boshqa ilmiy darajalarga ega boʻlgan shaxslarga ham fan doktori (Doctor of Science) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun doktorlik dissertatsiyasini himoya qilishga ruxsat beriladi. Mustaqil izlanuvchilik suhbat natijasiga koʻra rasmiylashtiriladi.

* Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim institutiga qabul qilinadigan talabgorlarning tayanch mutaxassisligi oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim institutidagi ixtisoslik tegishli boʻlgan fan tarmogʻiga muvofiq boʻlishi kerak. Mutaxassisliklar muvofiq boʻlmaganda dissertatsiyalarni tayyorlash va himoya qilish masalalari Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim toʻgʻrisidagi Nizom bilan tartibga solinadi.

Qanday hujjatlar topshiriladi?

Tayanch doktorantura da oʻqishga talabgorlar OTM yoki ITMga quyidagi hujjatlarni taqdim etadilar:

• qisqacha biografik maʼlumotnoma;
• mehnat daftarchasining belgilangan tartibda tasdiqlangan nusxasi (ishlayotgan talabgorlar uchun);
• oliy taʼlim muassasasi magistraturasi diplomi yoki klinik ordinaturani tugatganlik (tibbiyot fanlari uchun), oliy maʼlumot (mutaxassislik dasturlari boʻyicha) toʻgʻrisidagi diplom nusxasi;
• nashr etilgan ilmiy ishlar roʻyxati, shuningdek ularning nusxalari.
• Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Davlat stipendiyasi sohiblari tegishli hujjat nusxasini taqdim etadilar.

Doktorantura da oʻqishga talabgorlar OTM yoki ITMga quyidagi hujjatlarni taqdim etadilar:

• oliy maʼlumot, fan nomzodi yoxud falsafa doktori (PhD) yoki xorijiy davlatlarda unga tenglashtirilgan ilmiy darajaga ega boʻlganligi toʻgʻrisidagi diplom nusxasi;
• tadqiqot mavzusi boʻyicha ilmiy maʼruza va fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun tayyorlangan doktorlik dissertatsiyasi rejasining mufassal loyihasi;

Kirish imtihonlari

Tayanch doktoranturada oʻqish uchun talabgorlar mutaxassislik va chet tili (taʼlimning oldingi darajalarida oʻrganilgan xorijiy til) boʻyicha kirish imtihonlari topshiradilar. Talabgorlarda IELTS (oʻrtacha balli kamida 5,5), TOEFL (RBT) (567 balldan kam boʻlmagan), TOEFL (iBT) (87 balldan kam boʻlmagan), CEFR (B2 darajadan past boʻlmagan) boʻyicha tasdiqlovchi amaldagi xalqaro malaka sertifikatlari mavjud boʻlganda chet tilidan topshiriladigan imtihonlardan ozod etiladi.

Kirish imtihonlari savollari OTM yoki ITMning qabul komissiyasi tomonidan mutaxassislikning mohiyatidan kelib chiqib tuziladi va Kollegial organ tomonidan tasdiqlanadi.

Doktoranturada oʻqish uchun kirayotgan talabgorlar Kollegial organ tomonidan ixtisoslik boʻyicha suhbatdan oʻtadilar.

*Dedlayn: PhD tayanch doktoranturaga kirish imtihonlari va doktoranturaga kirish uchun suhbat har yili 1 — 25 noyabr davrida oʻtkaziladi.

Kimlarga imtiyoz beriladi?

Tayanch doktoranturaga va doktoranturaga kiruvchi talabgorlarning kirish imtihonlari, suhbat natijalaridan va ajratilgan qabul kvotasidan kelib chiqib, qabul komissiyasi va (yoki) Kollegial organ tomonidan 30 noyabrgacha boʻlgan muddatda qabul qilinganlardan tanlanadi.

Bir necha talabgorlarning tayanch doktoranturaga va doktoranturaga kirish imtihonlari yoki suhbat natijalari boʻyicha ular tomonidan toʻplagan yakuniy ballari teng boʻlgan taqdirda quyidagi talabgorlarga ustunlik beriladi:

Tayanch doktoranturaga:

• Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining Davlat stipendiyalari sohiblari;
• magistraturani aʼlo baholar bilan tamomlaganlar;
• mualliflik guvohnomalari va patentga ega boʻlganlar.

Doktoranturaga:

• 5 yildan ortiq ilmiy-pedagogik stajga ega boʻlganlar;
• mualliflik guvohnomalari va patentga ega boʻlganlar;
• monografiya (ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar uchun), talabgorning dissertatsiya mavzusi boʻyicha OAK roʻyxatiga muvofiq ilmiy jurnallarda, shu jumladan xorijiy jurnallarda chop etilgan soni boʻyicha (boshqa talabgorlarga nisbatan) koʻp miqdorda ilmiy maqolaga ega boʻlganlar;
• dissertatsiya tadqiqoti hajmining 50 foizdan koʻp qismini bajarganlar.

Stipendiya qancha?

Oʻqishga qabul qilingan:

PhD: tayanch doktoranturada tahsil oluvchi shaxslarga stajyor-tadqiqotchi lavozim maoshining bazaviy miqdoriga tenglashtirilgan miqdorda stipendiya toʻlanadi.

Doctor of Science: doktoranturada tahsil oluvchi shaxslarga fan nomzodi ilmiy darajasiga ega (ilmiy unvonga ega boʻlmagan) katta ilmiy xodim lavozim maoshining bazaviy miqdoriga tenglashtirilgan miqdorda stipendiya toʻlanadi.

Himoya jarayonidagi talablarda qanday farqlar bor?

PhD ilmiy darajasini olish uchun dissertatsiya tayyorlayotgan nomzodga ilmiy rahbar tayinlanadi.

Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olishda dissertatsiya himoyasiga qadar izlanuvchilar:

• ixtisoslik hamda chet tili boʻyicha malakaviy imtihon topshirishi;
• dissertatsiya natijalarining xalqaro va respublika ilmiy va ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyalari da keng muhokama qilinishini taʼminlashi;
• OAK tomonidan belgilangan ilmiy jurnallarda chop etilgan dissertatsiyasining asosiy natijalarini aks ettiradigan kamida uchta (shu jumladan bittasi xorijda) ilmiy maqola ga ega boʻlishi shart.

*Bakalavriat taʼlimi yoʻnalishi va magistratura mutaxassisligi taʼlimning turli sohalariga tegishli boʻlganda, OAK tomonidan belgilangan fanlar boʻyicha qoʻshimcha imtihonlar topshirish sharti bilan, bakalavriat taʼlimining yoʻnalishiga tegishli boʻlgan taʼlim sohasiga muvofiq boʻlgan mutaxassislik boʻyicha falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun doktorlik dissertatsiyasining belgilangan tartibda tayyorlanishiga va himoya qilinishiga yoʻl qoʻyiladi.

ScD uchun ilmiy konsultant (ilmiy maslahatchi) tayinlanadi.

*Fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun dissertatsiya tadqiqotlarini, izlanuvchining xohishiga koʻra, ilmiy konsultantsiz ham olib borish mumkin.

Fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasi uchun dissertatsiya himoya qilishgacha izlanuvchilar:

• OAK tomonidan belgilangan ilmiy jurnallarda chop etilgan dissertatsiyasining asosiy natijalarini aks ettiradigan kamida oʻnta (shu jumladan bittasi xorijda) ilmiy maqola ga ega boʻlishi shart.
• Ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar boʻyicha fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasi uchun izlanuvchilar dissertatsiya natijalari boʻyicha monografiya chop etgan boʻlishi lozim.

Dissertatsiyaga qoʻyiladigan talablar

Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun taqdim etilgan dissertatsiya bilimlarning tegishli tarmogʻida muhim ahamiyatga ega masalaning yangi yechimidan iborat yoki dolzarb ilmiy masalaning yechimiga qaratilgan ilmiy asoslangan ilmiy-texnik yoki ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan tugallangan shakldagi ilmiy ish boʻlishi lozim.

Fan doktori (Doctor of Science) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun taqdim etilgan dissertatsiya tugallangan ilmiy ish boʻlishi va unda:

• muhim ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy, ilmiy yoki amaliy muammolar yechimi keltirilgan;
• yoki tegishli fan sohasining istiqbolli yoʻnalishini rivojlantirish uchun yirik yutuq sifatida baholanadigan yangi nazariy qoidalar kompleksi ishlab chiqilgan;
• yoki joriy etilishi fan va texnika, ijtimoiy-siyosiy soha yoki iqtisodiyot tarmogʻining rivojlanishiga salmoqli hissa qoʻshadigan nazariy-metodologik va uslubiy asoslar, ilmiy asoslangan texnik, iqtisodiy yoki texnologik yechimlar ishlab chiqilgan (takomillashtirilgan) boʻlishi lozim.

*Har ikkala daraja uchun dissertatsiya va dissertatsiya avtoreferatini rasmiylashtirish qoidalari OAK tomonidan belgilanadi. Shuningdek, dissertatsiyani rasmiylashtirish va uni himoya qilish izlanuvchining xohishiga koʻra oʻzbek, rus, qoraqalpoq va ingliz tillaridan biri yoki OAK bilan kelishilgan holda boshqa tilda amalga oshiriladi.

Umumiy malaka talablari

Quyidagilar oliy malakali ilmiy va ilmiy-pedagog kadrlar tayyorgarligining zaruriy va yetarli darajasini belgilaydigan asosiy talablar hisoblanadi:

Falsafa doktorlari uchun (PhD):

• umumilmiy va aniq tarmoq tadqiqotlarining metodologiyasini egallagani, muammoni malakali tarzda aniqlashi va asoslay olishi, ilmiy maʼlumotlar va materiallarni maqsadli tarzda izlay olishi, tahlil qilishi, tizimlashtirishi va umumlashtirish qobiliyatiga ega boʻlishi;
• tadqiqot natijalariga asoslanib muammo mazmunini bayon qila bilishni, ilmiy xulosalar va tavsiyalarni aniq va loʻnda ifodalay olishi;
• ilmiy natijalarni amaliyotda joriy etish uchun taqdim qila olishi;

Fan doktorlari uchun (DSc):

• ixtisoslik boʻyicha chuqur fundamental bilimlarga ega boʻlishi;
• fundamental tadqiqotlarni yuqori saviyada bajara olishi va muhim ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy ahamiyatga ega ilmiy-amaliy muammolarni yecha olishi;
• ilmiy natijalarni amaliyotga joriy etishi.

Diplom quyidagi koʻrinishda boʻladi:

*Barcha maʼlumotlar bilan batafsil: SHU YERDA tanishing.

*Maqola Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2017-yil 16-fevraldagi “Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim tizimini yanada takomillashtirish toʻgʻrisida”gi PF-4958-son Farmoni hamda Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2017-yil 22-maydagi “Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim tizimini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari toʻgʻrisida”gi 304-son Qarori, shuningdek, Qarorning 2-ilovasi boʻlgan “ Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim toʻgʻrisida Nizom” asosida tayyorlandi.

Eng ko'p o'qilgan

Deutschland scholarship: germaniyada bakalavriat yoki magistraturada oʻqish uchun oyiga 300 yevro stipendiya; joy – 150 ta, schwarzman scholars: xitoyda magistraturada oʻqish uchun toʻliq grant, bepul turar joy, aviachipta va stipendiya, flex: maktab, litsey va kollej oʻquvchilari uchun aqshda 1 yil davomida oʻqish imkoniyati; oʻqish davomida barcha xarajatlar qoplanadi, yaponiya: magistratura va doktorantura bosqichida oʻqish uchun mext toʻliq grantiga hujjatlar qabul qilinmoqda, rossiya: bakalavriat va magistraturada o’qish uchun to’liq grant va oylik stipendiya, climatescience olympiad 2024: 25 yoshgacha boʻlganlar uchun onlayn olimpiada: mukofot jamgʻarmasi 15 000 dollar va gʻoliblar bakuga bepul safar qiladi, turkiye burslari: barcha bosqichlar va sohalar uchun to’liq grantlar, yotoqxona, stipendiya va boshqalar, grantlar taqvimi.

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Prof. (emeritus) gad degani.

Biology and Physiology of Fish and Amphibians This field involves research into species of fish and amphibians that are less well known. The areas of research are: reproduction growth and nutrition in nature and behavior. In addition, certain aspects of environmental physiology of species of fish and amphibians are under examination: the objects of this aspect of research is the study of metabolism, and the influence of temperature on growth, the physiological adaptation of amphibians to their environment, in water economy and the control of body fluids under the influence of different environmental conditions of moisture and temperature, especially salinity tolerance and osmoregulation. These are studies in the fields of comparative and environmental physiology.

Nutrition of Fish and Amphibians This research can be divided into a number of areas. A portion deals with the natural food of animals. Another portion involves efforts to improve the formulation of artificial food for fish (a) through learning the chemical body composition of fish, and from this determining the percentages of its required ingredients; (b) through examining the value of protein in fish food; (c) examining the value of fats,); (d) examining the value of carbohydrates. At present, work in nutrition concentrates on the development of the formulation of food for tropical fish.

The Influence of Hormones on the Growth and Reproduction of Fish (molecular endocrinology) Current work concerns the steroids and other hormones of fish, and their influence on various processes in fish, in particular growth, body composition, food requirements and enzymatic processes . Particularly worth mentioning is the breakthrough in which Prof. Degani has shown that growth hormones and insulin can be absorbed into the body of the fish through oral administration: up to that time it was thought that whole proteins could not be absorbed into the bloodstream via the gills or the digestive system. Further work on the reproductive system has shown that other proteinous hormones can be administered in the same way, e.g., gonadotropin. Present research work concerns hormonal control of reproduction.

Animals in the Ecological System and Environmental Behavior Dr Degani's work on the ecology of water systems concentrates mainly on the interrelationship between various animals and their aquatic ecosystems, especially environmental influences such as water quality and food, the prime factors in animal interaction. There is an additional interest in behavioral models of animals in nature, aiming to establish how the animal adapts itself to its environment through its behavior

Education Ph.D. 1979, Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University M.Sc. 1976, Department of Biology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa

Academic and research experience Since 2008-2013: Chairperson, M.Sc. Program, Department of Biotechnology, Tel Hai College Since 1998: Professor, Tel-Hai College Faculty of Sciences and Technology Since 1997: Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University Since 1986-2011: Scientific Director, MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center 1999 – 2003: Dean of the Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai College 1987 – 1999: Academic Director of Agriculture, Tel-Hai College 1994: Visiting Professor, University of Maryland 1993: Adjunct Professor, East Carolina University, NC 1991: Visiting Scientist, City University of New York, Brooklyn College 1990-2000 Head of Golan Research institute 1983 – 1984: Visiting Scientist, East Carolina University, NC, USA 1981 – 1982: Research Associate, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Since 1979: Lecturer, Tel-Hai College Faculty of Sciences and Technology and researcher at MIGAL - Galilee Technological Center.

Books Degani, G. & Gallagher, M.L. (1995). Growth and Nutrition of Eels. Israel: Laser Pages Publishing.

Degani, G. (1996). The Salamander at the Southern Limit of its Distribution. Israel: Laser Pages Publishing.  1996 Salamandra Israel PDF.pdf

Degani, G. (2001). Blue Gourami (Truchogaster Trichopterus) Model for Labyrinth Fish. Israel: Laser Pages Publishing.  2001 Blue Gourami Book PDF.pdf

Degani, G. & Yom-Din, G. (2005). Research on New Fish Species for Aquaculture in Northern Israel. Haifa, Israel: Ayalon Offset Ltd.  2005 New Fish North Israel Book  PDF.pdf

Degani, G. 2019. The Fire Salamandra ( Salamandra infraimmaculata ) and the Banded Newt ( Triturus vittatus ) Along the Southern Border of Their. Published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. ISBN: 978-1-61896-693-3. 2019 THE FIRE SALAMANDRA E-book.pdf

Degani, G. (2022). Interaction of Sexual Behavior and Hormone Gene Expression in the Labyrinthici Fish Blue Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus) during Reproduction. 2022 Link to the book.

Scientific Publications

Biological adaptations of anuran species across diverse habitats, spanning mediterranean to desert climates, transcriptome variation in banded newt (ommatotriton vittatus) during its life cycle and habitat transition, skin mucus metabolites in salamandra infraimmaculata from various habitats, correlation between kisspeptin 2 and its receptors in blue gourami fish (trichogaster trichopterus), and its role in reproduction, studies on oocyte development in blue gourami (trichogaster trichopterus) fry involves several stages, the genetic diversity of triturus vittatus vittatus (synonym ommatotriton vittatus) along the southern border of its distribution, russian sturgeon acclimatization in northern israel: nutrition, reproduction, and growth. michigan journal of animal science and technology, the creation of the faculty of sciences and technology at tel-hai academic college marks a significant milestone in the development of a university in the northeastern region of israel, the yellow spot pattern of salamander (salamandra infraimmaculata) in various habitats at the southern border of its distribution in israel, eastern fire salamander (salamandra infraimmaculata) skin mucus metabolites – lc-ms/ms analysis, whole-genome inter-sex variation in russian sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii), cross-species conservation of a transposase-linked element enables genetic sexing of commercial populations of russian sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii), external and internal factors affecting growth and sex differentiation in european eels, anguilla anguilla, sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii) acclimatization to optimal growth conditions—a case study of adaptation, nutrition, reproduction, and sex determination, whole-genome inter-sex variation in russian sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii), a business analysis of innovations in aquaculture: evidence from israeli sturgeon caviar farm, changes in tree frog (hyla savignyi) coloration in unstable habitats at the southern border of its distribution, markers of genetic variation in blue gourami (trichogaster trichopterus) as a model for labyrinth fish, academic research, higher education, and peripheral development: the case of israel, the effect of light and soil moisture on the environmental behavior of newts (triturus vittatus vittatus, urodela): a detailed study, study of the habitats, burrowing behavior, physiological adaptation and life cycle of spadefoot toad (pelobates syriacus, boettger, 1869) at the southern limit of its distribution in israel.

Physical Address

#1 Shell Camp Owerri, Nigeria

MD vs. PhD – What’s the difference?

• July 25, 2021

It is not news that education doesn’t stop after you complete whatever years your course demands. Deciding to obtain your master’s degree still leaves you in a position where you are yet to acquire the highest degree possible.

Two highly-rated degrees that are both quite prestigious but have different demands to obtain and acquire are the MD and PhD . MD meaning Doctor of medicine , while PhD implies Doctor of philosophy .

Over the years, some students may have mistaken the two for each other. Some students are oblivious of the fact that there is a degree called MD as PhD has become relatively acquired more than MD.

In the course of this article, we would look at why this is so, their various origins, job description, and which you should think of acquiring to suit your basic academic and job-seeking needs.

Table of Contents

Similarities Between MD and PhD

There are some similarities between MD and PhD. They include;

• They are both higher degrees.
• They both are prestigious degrees.
• You cannot obtain them without a lower degree in a particular field.
• They both costs money to obtain
• Students may have to take loans to acquire their degrees.

Given that they have all these similarities, they have got to be the same degree. But only people who are not informed about the differences between PhD and MD would make such assumptions.

Let’s look at some of the things that make these degrees different.

Differences Between MD and PhD

Let’s look at the differences in MD and PhD in various ways;

Name Meaning:

The first difference between the two degrees is in the whole meaning of their names; while one is a Doctor of Medicine (MD), the other is simply a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

The MD is older than the PhD, with the MD having been in existence since the 9th century in the medieval Arabic university. The PhD, however, has only been into play in the middle ages and started in European universities.

Who Can Study It:

The MD can only be acquired by people who studied medicine to their lower degree, for students who are not aware. The PhD, however, can be obtained by people of different fields, both science and art fields.

Job Description:

The job description of the MD degree enables a person who obtains this degree to treat patients and prescribe drugs for patients, unlike its counterpart, PhD, which is purely a research-based degree.

Read this: Why are Trade schools bad? (Major reasons)

Requirements:

The requirements for obtaining the two degrees are different. The MD requires two years of study and two years of rotational work in a hospital.

The PhD requires that you submit a research work called a thesis, examined by experts and defended by you.

Length of Study:

Another difference you have to take note of is the length of study. The MD takes about four years to complete it, while the PhD takes about 4 to 7 years.

Cost of Study:

Generally, the cost to study the MD and PhD costs is almost the same on a per-year basis. However, given that PhD is longer than MD, it takes more money as more years are involved.

This often implies that students applying for loans to obtain this degree will need more loans in PhD than MD. However, it is also essential to know that in the MD, you could be working and schooling, which enables you to raise funds.

The MD and PhD are well-respected degrees, but arguments have risen to insinuate that the PhD is more prestigious over the years. So if you are looking to acquire a more respected degree PhD is for you.

Having weighed the similarities and dissimilarities in the two degrees, one might be tempted to study the PhD. However, this should be sorely dependent on what you envisage achieving by obtaining the degree.

If the prestigious rights that come with PhD do you interest you, you can choose a faster route than the MD.

The prestigious rights of a PhD and the fact that a PhD is seen across all fields make it the popularly known advanced degree compared to MD.

Read this: STEM Degree (Everything you need to know)

Awesome one; I hope this article answered your question.

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Franklin Izuekwe

Hello, I am Franklin! For two years, I began actively assisting students in Europe, the United States, Asia and Canada in their pursuit of college advice and scholarship prospects. I am a content writer at www.schoolandtravel.com.

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PhD nima? O'zbekiston va xorijdagi PhD dasturlari haqida

Xorijda oʻqish uchun grantlar qidirganimizda yoki taʼlimga oid maqolalar oʻqiganimizda PhD degan soʻzga koʻzimiz tushadi. Bugungi maqolamizda PhD nima ekanligi va unga doir boshqa foydali maʼlumotlar bilan boʻlishamiz. Umid qilamizki, bu maʼlumotlar kelajakda PhD darajasini olmoqchi boʻlgan va bu ilmiy daraja haqida batafsil bilmoqchi boʻlgan oʻquvchilarimizga foydali boʻladi.

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)  - bu  “falsafa doktori”  darajasi boʻlib, butun dunyo universitetlari tomonidan beriladigan ilmiy darajadir. Jahon miqyosida olib qaralganda, PhD akademik faoliyat davomidagi eng yuqori ilmiy daraja hisoblanadi (O'zbekiston miqyosida PhD darajasidan so'ng DsC darajasi olinishi lozim) va odatda uni tugatish uchun bir necha yillik oʻqish va tadqiqot talab etiladi. PhDning jamiyat uchun foyda keltiradigan asosiy maqsadi bu maʼlum bir soha bo'yicha chuqur ilmiy tadqiqot olib borib, topilgan ilmiy yechimlar asosida mavjud muammolarga yechim taklif qilish, yangi bilim va tajribalarni rivojlantirishdir.

PhD dasturi davomida qilingan tadqiqot ilmiy ish mavzusi boʻyicha umumiy bilimlarning yanada boyishiga hissa qoʻshishi kerak, shuningdek, uning yana bir talabi tadqiqot natijalari ilmiy jurnallarda chop etilishi kerak.

PhD akademik faoliyatning magistratura bosqichidan keyin keladigan qismi hisoblanadi. Magistratura va PhD oʻrtasidagi asosiy farq shundaki, magistrlik darajasi birinchi navbatda kasbiy va boshlang'ich tadqiqotga yo'naltirilgan bilimlarga qaratilgan boʻlsa, PhD esa chuqur ilmiy tadqiqotlar va yangi bilimlarni kashf qilishga qaratilgan. Bundan tashqari, odatda magistratura 1-2 yil davom etadi,  PhD bosqichi esa izlanuvchining maqsadlari va tanlagan sohasiga qarab taxminan 3 yildan 5-7 yilgacha davom etadi.  

PhD (falsafa fanlari doktori) va DSc (Fan doktori) oʻrtasida qanday farq bor ?

 DSc yoki Fan doktori alohida ilmiy daraja boʻlib, O'zbekistonda u PhD'dan keyingi ilmiy daraja hisoblanadi. Yurtimizda Doctor of Science darajasini olish uchun alohida dissertatsiya yoqlash talab qilinadi. Xorij universitetlarida esa odatda tajribali mutaxassislarga yoki oʻz sohasiga katta hissa qoʻshgan olimlarga bu daraja ilmiy ishsiz ham beriladi. 

O'zbekistonda PhD yoqlash

2017-yildan boshlab Oʻzbekistonda oliy taʼlimdan keyingi taʼlim  ikki bosqichga boʻlingan  boʻlib, bu boshlangʻich doktorantura (fan sohasidan kelib chiqqan holda dissertatsiyani himoya qilish va falsafa doktori ilmiy darajasi — PhD'ni olish) va doktoranturani (dissertatsiya himoyasi hamda fan doktori ilmiy darajasi — Doctor of Science, ScD ni olish) oʻz ichiga oladi. Prezident farmoniga muvofiq, PhD darajasi magistr darajasi yoki oliy maʼlumotga (mutaxassisliklar dasturlari boʻyicha) yoki klinik ordinaturani (tibbiyot fanlari uchun) tamomlagan va dissertatsiyani himoya qilgan shaxslarga beriladi. DSc darajasi esa fan nomzodi yoki xorijiy davlatlarda olingan PhD darajasiga ega hamda dissertatsiya himoya qilgan shaxslarga beriladi. Yaʼni, oliy taʼlimdan keyingi 2 bosqichli taʼlimda PhD 1-bosqich hisoblansa, DSc 2-bosqich hisoblanadi.

Bundan tashqari, xorijda TOP-300 ro'yxatiga kirgan universitetlarda PhD yoqlagan tadqiqotchilarga O'zbekistonda birdaniga DSc darajasi beriladi.

PhD darajasiga ega xodimlarga qoʻshimcha haq beriladimi?

Oʻzbekistonda turli xil universitetlarda PhD darajasiga ega professor-oʻqituvchilar uchun turli miqdorda har oy qoʻshimcha haq toʻlanadi.

Vazirlar mahkamasi qarori ga muvofiq, Oʻzbekiston PhD darajasini qoʻlga kiritgan xodimlar, shuningdek xorijda unga teng darajadagi ilmiy darajani qoʻlga kiritgan xodimlarga maoshi miqdorining 30% igacha miqdorda qoʻshimcha haq toʻlanadi. Qoʻshimcha haq miqdori DSc (fan doktori) darajasiga ega xodimlar uchun 60%gacha qilib belgilangan.

Masalan, 2022-yil 1-sentyabrdan boshlab, davolash-profilaktika muassasalarining xodimlariga tibbiyot sohasidagi ilmni rivojlantirishga qoʻshayotgan hissasini inobatga olgan holda, Fan nomzodi yoki falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasi uchun lavozim maoshining 30 foizigacha miqdorda har oylik qoʻshimcha  haq toʻlanadi.  (Shuningdek, Fan doktori (Doctor of Science) ilmiy darajasi uchun lavozim maoshining 60 foizigacha haq toʻlanadi).

Oʻzbekistonda Oliy oʻquv yurtidan keyingi taʼlim (PhD va DSc)ga qoʻyiladigan davlat talablari

Oʻzbekistonda PhD darajasiga ega boʻlish uchun bir necha shartlar mavjud. Bulardan asosiysi nomzod PhD darajasiga ega boʻlishi uchun avval OTM yoki Ilmiy-tadqiqot muassasasiga tayanch doktorant, doktorant yoki mustaqil izlanuvchi sifatida  qabul qilinishi kerak.  Bularga qabul qilinishdan avval esa nomzod bakalavr va magistraturani tugatgan boʻlishi lozim.

Lex.uzʼga koʻra , PhD (doktorantura) bosqichiga qabul qilinish uchun quyidagi talablarga javob berilishi kerak:

• Magistr darajasi yoki klinik ordinatura (tibbiyot fanlari uchun),yoki oliy maʼlumot (mutaxassislik dasturlari boʻyicha) toʻgʻrisidagi diplomga ega boʻlish;
• Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun dissertatsiya tadqiqoti asosini tashkil qilishi mumkin boʻlgan muayyan ilmiy natijalarga, shu jumladan, ilmiy jurnallar va nashrlarda chop etilgan kamida bitta ilmiy maqolaga hamda ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyalar, seminarlarda, tegishli ilmiy yoʻnalishlar boʻyicha ilmiy ishlar toʻplamlarida kamida ikkita tezisga ega boʻlish;
• Falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasini olish uchun mustaqil izlanuvchilikka ikki yildan kam boʻlmagan ilmiy-pedagogik stajga yoki aniq ilmiy yutuqqa (ixtiroga patent yoki mualliflik guvohnomasi) ega boʻlgan shaxslar rasmiylashtiriladi.

Yuqoridagi talablarni bajarib, muassasaga qabul qilingan nomzod muddat oxirida oʻz ilmiy ishini himoya qilganidan soʻng PhD darajasiga ega boʻladi.

Oʻzbekistonda kimlarga dissertatsiya himoyasisiz ilmiy daraja berilishi mumkin?

Tadqiqotlar amalga oshirilgan muassasa xulosasi va Ilmiy kengash taqdimnomasi asosida OAK Rayosati qarori bilan, istisno tariqasida, quyidagilarga dissertatsiya himoyasisiz ilmiy daraja berilishi mumkin :

fan va texnologiyalarni rivojlantirish, iqtisodiyot tarmoqlarini modernizatsiya qilish va ijtimoiy sohalar taraqqiyotiga ulkan hissa qo‘shgan kamida uchta ixtiro yoki seleksiya yutug‘i muallifiga fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasi;

fan va texnologiyalarni rivojlantirish, iqtisodiyot tarmoqlarini modernizatsiya qilish va ijtimoiy sohalar taraqqiyotiga ulkan hissa qo‘shgan uchtagacha ixtiro yoki seleksiya yutug‘i muallifiga falsafa doktori (PhD) ilmiy darajasi;

salmoqli ilmiy yangiliklar olgan va impakt-faktori tegishli darajada yuqori va xalqaro tizimga kirgan ilmiy jurnallarda kamida 12 ta (ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar bo‘yicha 8 ta) ilmiy maqola chop ettirgan mutaxassisga, eksperiment tariqasida, fan doktori (DSc) ilmiy darajasi (ilmiy natijani amaliyotga joriy qilish bo‘yicha talablar bajarilgan holda).

Xorijda PhD yoqlash

Ayni vaqtda Oʻzbekistonda xorijda, yuqori reytingli universitetlarda PhD yoqlagan xodimlarga alohida eʼtibor mavjud va ular koʻp joylarda yaxshi maosh evaziga ishga taklif qilinadi. Quyida PhD bosqichida oʻqimoqchi boʻlganlar uchun xorijiy universitetlar va tashkilotlar tomonidan taqdim etiladigan mashhur grantlar bilan tanishasiz:

• Oksford universitetida magistratura va doktorantura bosqichini istalgan sohada oʻqish uchun 200 oʻrinli toʻliq moliyalashtiriladigan Clarendon granti .
• Dunyoning top universitetlaridan biri boʻlgan Markaziy Yevropa universitetida doktoranturani oʻqish uchun CEU Doctoral Scholarships dasturi. Oylik stipendiya miqdori — 1,680 yevro:
• Germaniyada PhD darajasini olish uchun uchun xalqaro Maks Plank instituti tomonidan toʻliq moliyalashtiriluvchi dastur.
• Buyuk Britaniyada doktorantura va magistraturada oʻqish uchun xarajatlari toʻliq qoplanuvchi stipendiya dasturi — Gates Cambridge Scholarship .
• Hong Kong PhD Fellowship Scheme — Gonkongdagi universitetlarda PhD darajasida oʻqish uchun stipendiya dasturi; yillik stipendiya — $43430.
• Dunyoning yetakchi universitetlaridan biri boʻlgan University of Liverpoolda 64 sohadan biri boʻyicha grant asosida PhD kurslarida o'qish imkoni.
• Avstraliyaning Melburn universitetida magistratura va doktorantura bosqichlarida tahsil olish uchun toʻliq moliyalashtiriladigan Graduate Research Scholarships grant dasturi

PhD uchun yanada koʻproq grantlar bilan GrantGO.uz saytida, bu yerda tanishingiz mumkin.

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• Diplomsiz dastur 18 yoshdan kattalar uchun Maltada umumiy ingliz tilini yaxshilash hamda IELTSga tayyorgarlik kurslarini bepul oʻqish uchun grant dasturi
• Diplomsiz dastur 18-35 yosh oraligʻidagi yoshlar uchun Shveysariyaning Jeneva shahrida barcha xarajatlari qoplanadigan xalqaro forum — IUCN Leaders Forumi
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• Diplomsiz dastur Bakalavriat, magistratura va doktorantura talabalari uchun Ruminiyaning Buxarest shahrida 2 haftalik yozgi maktab
• Bakalavr Magistr talabalari Doktorantura talabalari Saudiya Arabistonidagi nufuzli universitetlarda barcha bosqichlarda o'qish imkonini beruvchi — Kingdom Saudi Arabia grant dasturi

Eng koʻp oʻqilganlar

Bakalavr yoʻnalishi uchun qabul davom etayotgan universitetlar — 2022 .

Bakalavr yoʻnalishi uchun qabul davom etayotgan universitetlar — 2021 .

GPA nima? GPA'ning nega kerakligi va qanday hisoblanishi haqida batafsil .

Rus tilini noldan mustaqil oʻrganish uchun eng yaxshi saytlar .

Pochta indeksi (Zip code)ni aniqlash usullari .

Oʻzbekistondagi xorijiy universitetlar va ularning qabul yoʻnalishlari. Birinchi qism .

Grantlar yutish uchun nimalar kerak?! Chet el grantlari turlari va ularni yutish uchun IELTS, baholar, maqola va sertifikatlar hamda shu kabi narsalarning ahamiyati .

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Ph.D. Biological Engineering

Career information is not specific to degree level. Some career options may require an advanced degree.

Current Job Openings and Salary Range

in ID, WA, OR, MT and HI

Entry-Level

Senior-Level

• Career Options
• Quality Control Systems Manager
• Biomedical Engineer
• Environmental Engineer
• Health and Safety Engineer, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors
• Conservation Scientist
• Engineering Teacher, Postsecondary
• Sales Engineer

Regional Employment Trends

Employment trends and projected job growth in ID, WA, OR, MT & HI

*Job data is collected from national, state and private sources. For more information, visit EMSI's data sources page .

• Degree Prep

View the Ph.D. Biological Engineering prerequisites, deadlines and contact information on the U of I Admissions website .

• Most applicants hold a bachelor’s degree in Biological Engineering from an accredited institution and demonstrate a strong background in the fundamentals of engineering.
• If your undergraduate degree is not in Biological Engineering, you will be required to complete background courses to remove deficiencies before beginning the graduate program.
• Degree Roadmap
• Depending on your interests, your academic adviser and graduate committee will help you develop a focused plan of study for the Ph.D. Biological Engineering degree.
• Programs normally consist of three years' work beyond the bachelor's degree.
• Bio-based products
• Biomaterials
• Bioprocessing
• Biotechnology
• Cell/tissue engineering
• Climate modeling
• Drug/gene delivery
• Environmental impact assessment
• Liquid plasma technology
• Nanotechnology
• Neural imaging
• Precision agriculture
• Waste water treatment
• Water management

View current Biological Engineering courses Catalogs are released each year with up-to-date course listings. Students reference the catalog released during their first year of enrollment. For catalog related questions, email [email protected] or call 208-885-6731.

• Degree Requirements
• Students are required to write a dissertation and give a final dissertation defense at the end of their degree program.
• Biological Engineering graduate requirements
• College of Graduate Studies requirements
• Professional Licensing

Completion of the program will count towards eligibility for the Professional Engineer's License (PE) to practice Engineering , which requires a four-year degree from an ABET-accredited school, four years of experience under a PE, and passing the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) and Principles of Practice in Engineering (PE) Exams.

For questions related to Biological Engineering degrees, please email [email protected] or call 208-885-6182.

• Funding Opportunities

The University of Idaho is awarded more than $100 million in annual grants, contracts and research appropriations.

• Idaho National Laboratory Graduate Fellowship Program – Recipients of this competitive fellowship receive full tuition and fees by U of I during their first three years of graduate school. INL covers tuition, fees, and a $60,000 annual salary during the final two years of their doctoral research, to be conducted at INL.
• NASA Idaho Space Grant Consortium (ISGC) – $25,000 fellowship programs that contribute to NASA’s mission of exploration and discovery. Open to full-time graduate and doctoral students.
• National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP ) – For outstanding graduate students in NSF-supported science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines who are pursuing research-based master's and doctoral degrees.
• National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship – Three-year fellowship with full coverage of tuition and all mandatory fees, including a monthly stipend and up to $1,000 a year in medical insurance.
• DAAD Research Internships in Science and Engineering (RISE Professional) Programs – RISE Professional offers summer research internships in Germany to Master’s and Ph.D. students at companies and non-university research institutions with strong relations to industry.
• Faculty provide funding through a variety of external agencies and industry partners. Contact our faculty  to learn more about these funding opportunities.

For more funding options, visit the College of Graduate Studies’ funding website .

• Clubs & Organizations

Our college offers 20+ clubs and organizations tied to international and national engineering organizations, including national competition teams.

Learn about clubs related to your major:

• American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers (ASABE)
• Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES)
• Graduate & Professional Student Association (GPSA)
• Humanitarian Engineering Corps (HEC)
• National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE)
• Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE)
• Society of Women Engineers (SWE)
• Vandal Clean Energy Club
• Job Openings and Salary Range
• Employment Trends

Biomedicine and Environmental Sustainability

Students completing this degree are well prepared to work in a research-oriented position, such as those at national laboratories, industries, or universities.

Availability

• No. 1 Best Value Public University in the West – ranked for the third year in a row by U.S. News and World Report . We’re also the only public university in Idaho to be ranked best value by Forbes , Money , and The Princeton Review .
• Highest Salary Earnings for early- and mid-career undergraduate degree recipients than any other public university in Idaho – Payscale
• Personalized Attention from nationally and internationally recognized faculty and staff through 1-on-1 interaction, mentorship, advising and research collaboration. All faculty hold Ph.D.s in their field.

Research That Matters

Science and Engineering students dive into research thanks to Beckman Scholars Award

Read the Story

Making Strides in Tissue Engineering

According to the National Institutes of Health, there are more than 16 million reported tendon injuries in the U.S. each year. Research at U of I aims to better understand tendon tissue formation and engineer replacements and regenerative therapies.