thesis topics for general surgery 2022

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Home > FACULTIES > Surgery > SURGERY-ETD

Surgery Theses and Dissertations

This collection contains theses and dissertations from the Department of Surgery, collected from the Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Malperfusion Syndrome in the Setting of Type A Aortic Dissection , Karama Yaslam Karama Bayamin

Use of Resting State Functional MRI and functional NIRS for Language Localization in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug Resistant Epilepsy , Juan S. Bottan

A biomechanical comparison of a subacromial balloon spacer, superior capsular reconstruction, and a rigid subacromial spacer in a massive irreparable rotator cuff cadaveric model , Devin Ferguson

A Comparison of the Thulium Fiber Laser versus Holmium:YAG Laser Lithotripsy of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Prospective Clinical Trial , Eduardo Gonzalez Cuenca

The Shared Contributions of the Capsule, Labrum, and Bone on the Suction Seal of the Hip , Alexander J. Hoffer

Remote assessment of finger joint range of motion: Validation of virtual techniques , Sasha G. Letourneau

Treatment of Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Multicenter Retrospective Review, and Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial , Jovana Momic

The changing landscape of orthopaedic surgery in Ontario: Where we are, where we have been, and where we are going. , Silvio Ndoja

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Breast Augmentation: The Current Landscape , Khalifa Sh. Al-Ghanim

The Biomechanical Effects of Glenoid and Humeral Lateralization on the Rotator Cuff Muscles in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty , Yousif Atwan

Hand Swelling after Hand and Wrist Surgery: An Evaluation of its Effects and Assessment of Feasibility of a Double Blinded, Randomized Controlled, Pilot Study: Tranexamic Acid in Hand And Wrist Surgery (THAW) Study , Kendrick Au

Biomechanical Characterization of Semi-Rigid Constructs and the Potential Effect on Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in the Thoracic Spine , Chloe Cadieux

Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Patients , Aaron G. Chen

Development of a Novel Rodent Model of Radiation-Induced Implant Capsular Contracture , Tanya DeLyzer

Shockwave Lithotripsy of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi - Outcomes of a Multicentre International Prospective Observational Study , Fernanda C. Gabrigna Berto

The molecular landscape of early-stage breast cancer with lymph node metastasis , Farhad Ghasemi

Determination of the Protective Capacity of Hand Wraps in Combat Athletes Using Force Analysis , Eva M. Gusnowski

Severe lower extremity trauma in Ontario: A linked population-based analysis , Stephanie M. Kim

Topical Gentamicin and Vancomycin for Surgical Site Infection Prophylaxis in Patients 5. Undergoing High-Risk Vascular Surgery , Dominic LeBlanc

Comparison of Hip Navigation System Accuracy in Direct Anterior Approach , Jeremy Loh

Development of an On-Call Assessment Tool for Competency-Based Surgical Training , Eric C. Mitchell

The Impact of Frailty and Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer , Linda Chang Qu

Feasibility and Clinical Value of 3-Dimensional Myocardial Deformation Analysis by Computed Tomography in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patients , Mohamad Rabbani

Decompression vs. Decompression and Fusion in Cauda Equina Syndrome Secondary to Massive Lumbar Disc Herniation , Ruheksh Raj

Radiographic Predictors of Functional Outcome in Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Surgery , Patrick Thornley

The Role of Urinary Modulators in the Development of Infectious Kidney Stones , Brendan Wallace

Indocyanine Green Angiography in Pediatric Colorectal Surgery , Robin B. Wigen

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Exploring Methods for Improving Baseplate Fixation in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty , Sejla Abdic

The Antimicrobial Properties of Exogenous Copper in Human Synovial Fluid Against Staphylococcus aureus: An In-Vitro Study , Fernando Diaz Dilernia

Is there an increased risk of delirium among patients with overactive bladder treated with newer anticholinergic medication compared to a beta-3 agonist? , Khaled Ashraf Etaby

4DCT analysis of in-vivo carpal kinematics during FEM , Manisha R. Mistry

The impact of Quality-Based Procedures on radical prostatectomy outcomes in Ontario , Nickan Motamedi

The Effect of Obesity on Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Functional Outcome, Ninety-Day Costs, Reoperations, Readmissions and Cost-Effectiveness , Mohamad Nasser Eddine

PLeurodesis Using hypertonic Glucose administration to treat post-operative air leaks following lung resection surgery (PLUG): Phase I trial , Mehdi Qiabi

Biomechanical strategies to reduce subsidence in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion procedures , Renan Jose Rodrigues Fernandes

Kinematics in Total Knee Arthroplasty , Allan Roy Sekeitto

Surgical Residency workload, perceptions and educational value: implications for competency- based medical education , Eric Walser

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Navigation and Patient Specific Instrumentation in Shoulder Arthroplasty , Joseph Cavanagh

Comparing Motion Outcomes in Salvage Procedures for Wrist Arthritis , Stacy Fan

Growth and Development Analysis of Unilateral Cleft Palate Patients at One, Five, and Ten Years , Katie Garland

The of Application of 3D-Printing to Lumbar Spine Surgery , Andrew J. Kanawati

Feasibility of Post-Operative Mobile Health Monitoring Among Colorectal Surgery Patients , Tanya Kuper

Ultrasound-Guided Resuscitation in Open Aortic Surgery - The AORTUS Trial , John H. Landau

Quadriceps Muscle Layer Thickness in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Potential Measure of Frailty and Sarcopenia , Max A. Levine

Biomechanical analysis of Total Knee Arthroplasty performed on a 6 degree of freedom joint motion simulator linked to a virtual ligament model in mechanical and kinematic alignments , Jance McGale

Microorganisms in Presumed Aseptic Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty , Michael E. Neufeld

The effect of mTOR inhibitor rapamycin on a dietary Drosophila melanogaster model of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis , Michael T. Pignanelli

Synergistic effects of Non Contact Induction Heating & Antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm , Rajeshwar Singh Sidhu

Lateral Subvastus Lateralis Versus Medial Parapatellar Approach for Total Knee Arthroplasty , Sahil Prabhnoor S. Sidhu

The Impact of Ethnicity and Immigration on Prostate Cancer Mortality in Canada , Noah Stern

Potential Use of Carbon Monoxide as a Non-Surgical Intervention in a Rat Model of Acute Compartment Syndrome , Patrick Qi Wang

The Examination of Expectations in Day-Surgery Patients and the Development of a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire for Day-Surgery Patients , Tishara M. Wijayanayaka

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Post-Operative Analgesia Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Regional Techniques , James H. Allen

Radial Head Stability in Anterior Monteggia Injuries: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study , Armin Badre

Examining the Relationship between Urinary Pathogens, Antibiotic Exposure and Urolithiasis , Jennifer Bjazevic

The Impact of Scaphoid Malunion on Wrist Kinematics & Kinetics: A Biomechanical Investigation , Spencer B. Chambers

Biomechanics Analysis of Anterior Cortical Perforation in Antegrade Femoral Nailing , Michael Ching

Academic Center Tiered Operating Room Strategy (ACTION): Comparing a High Efficiency OR to the Conventional OR , Moaz Bin Yunus Chohan

The Standardization Of Outpatient Procedure (STOP) Narcotics: A Prospective Non-Inferiority Study To Reduce Opioid Use In Outpatient General Surgical Procedures , Luke B. Hartford

VOice analysis with Iphones: a low Cost Experimental Solution , Benjamin van der Woerd

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Design, development, manufacturing and biomechanical testing of Stand-alone cage for posterior lumbar interbody fusion , Fahad Alhelal

Cost effectiveness of bilateral prophylactic mastectomy with and without different breast reconstruction techniques versus screening in women with high risk of breast cancer in the Canadian province of Ontario , badria Aljohani

The Impact of Free Radical Stabilization Techniques on In Vivo Property Changes in Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Acetabular Liners , Michael M. Decker .

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty using a Novel 3D Printed Titanium Augment: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study , Charles-Antoine Dion

Evaluation of Perioperative Peripheral Nerve Injury in Cardiac Surgery Using a Novel Automated SSEP Monitoring Device , Satoru Fujii

Collared Vs. Collarless Total Hip Arthroplasty In Both Direct Anterior And Direct Lateral Approach Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Comparison Study , Seb Heaven

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Modified Cystoscopy Technique , Khalil Hetou

Investigating the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in periprosthetic joint infections , Santiago L. Iglesias

Acromial Insufficiency Fractures in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Study , Alicia Kerrigan

Oncoplastic Surgery: Is It Time to Change? From Innovation to Adoption Using Mentorship Program , Eman Khayat

The Effects of Tracheal Occlusion on Wnt Signaling in a Rabbit Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia , Martina M. Mudri

Choice of implant filler in breast reconstruction: A study of the cost-effectiveness of saline and silicone implants , Kathleen Nelligan

Tibiotalar arthrodesis: development of a novel jig and alignment guide , Adam Mathew Ropchan

The Effect of Function-blocking RHAMM Peptides in a Mouse Model of Bleomycin-induced Systemic Sclerosis , Kitty Y. Wu

Aggregate morbidity and mortality of defunctioning loop ileostomy fro formation to closure: a large population retrospective cohort analysis , Mei Yang

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

The Drosophila melanogaster model of human uric acid nephrolithiasis as a novel in vivo drug screening platform , Aymon N. Ali

Triple Positive Microparticles as a “Liquid Biopsy” for Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer , Harmenjit Singh Brar

Prostate Cancer Microparticles in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy , Malcolm James Dewar

The Effect of Radial and Ulnar Length Change on Distal Forearm Loading , Ahaoiza D. Isa

Bio-modulation of Primary Human Tenon’s Capsule Fibroblasts Using a Novel Application of Coated Magnesium , Xiangji LI

UNDERSTANDING TRANSITION INTO PRACTICE AFTER POST GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION IN SURGICAL SPECIALTIES , Mohammed M. Malak

Resiliency in the Operating Room: Exploring Trainee Stress During Surgery and the Role of Individual Resilience , Richard Ng

Comparing Mid Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MIDLF) with Traditional Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) , Joel T. Phillips

Cost Effectiveness of Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty for Varying Levels of BMI , Karthikeyan E. Ponnusamy

Mechanical Properties of Retrieved Highly Cross-linked Polyethylene Acetabular Liners in Total Hip Arthroplasty , Gurpreet Singh

A Biomechanical Study Examining The Subacromial Balloon Spacer and Superior Capsular Reconstruction in the Treatment of Massive, Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears , Supriya Singh

Combat Vascular Trauma: From Characterization to Innovation , Shane A. Smith

Effect of Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-3 on the Severity of Endothelial Dysfunction Due to Elevation of Hydrostatic Pressure in an In Vitro Model of Compartment Syndrome , Michel A. Taylor

The Promotion of Adipogenesis in a Rat Model of Radiation-Induced Mammary Fat Pad Fibrosis , Jessica Truong

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Physiological and psychological responses of surgeons and trainees , Sarantis Abatzoglou

The Effect of the GekoTM Device on Post Kidney and Pancreatic Transplantation Leg Edema , Bijad Alharbi

The Development Of Novel Imaging Modalities & High-throughput Drug Screening Platforms In The Drosophila Melanogaster Model of Human Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis , Sohrab Naushad Ali

Physical Activity Levels in Total Hip Arthroplasty Comparing the Direct Anterior Approach to the Direct Lateral Approach: A Prospective Cohort Study , Abdulaziz N. Aljurayyan

Paediatric Surgical Outcomes Across Ontario , Damian Dylkowski

Early experimental results of using a novel delivery carrier, Hyaluronan-phosphatidylethanolamine (HA-PE) which may allow simple bladder instillation of Botulinum Toxin A as effectively as direct detrusor muscle injection. , Mohamed G. El Shatoury

The Role of Scapular Morphology in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty , Ashish Gupta

Evaluating the Effects of Patellofemoral Offset Changes and Trochlear Design in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Radiographic, Visual, and Topographical Analysis , Jacob Matz

Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome , Patrick B. Murphy

Acute Kidney Injury Biomarkers: A Prospective Cohort Study In Urological Patients , Daniel Olvera-Posada

The impact of surgical technique on coronal plane motion in total knee arthroplasty , Kevin I. Perry

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12,000+ General Surgery Thesis Topics.

Surgery Thesis Topics

Choosing amongst surgery thesis topics is a pivotal milestone for an MS general surgery student pursuing a career in General Surgery. It is not merely a checkbox on an academic to-do list; instead, it serves as a foundation for future professional growth and contributes to the field of surgery. Thesis topics in surgery go beyond mere titles; they embody the inquiries, complexities, and inquisitiveness that propel surgical research forward. This article delves into the significance of selecting the right surgery thesis topics, highlighting their role in a surgical student’s education and the broader medical community.

First and foremost, the choice of surgery thesis topics can profoundly shape a student’s educational journey. A well-chosen topic can spark a passion for research, encourage a deep dive into specific areas of surgical interest, and nurture a lifelong commitment to learning. It offers students the opportunity to apply their knowledge, cultivate critical thinking skills, and gain hands-on experience in research methodologies. Moreover, working on pertinent and challenging surgery thesis topics can refine problem-solving abilities, a vital asset in clinical practice.

Secondly, the selection of surgery thesis topics has a profound impact on a student’s future surgical career. A thesis in a specialized area can open doors to particular surgical fields, making the student a highly sought-after expert. It can also lead to prospects for further research, publications, and presentations at surgical conferences, establishing the student’s reputation in the surgical community early in their career. Choosing innovative and impactful surgery thesis topics can lay the groundwork for a surgical career that not only advances the individual’s professional aspirations but also contributes significantly to the field of surgery.

Furthermore, surgery thesis topics play a pivotal role in advancing surgical knowledge and enhancing patient care. By addressing unresolved questions or exploring novel approaches to surgical procedures, diagnosis, and patient management, these topics can lead to discoveries with tangible real-world impacts. The research undertaken for an MD thesis in surgery can contribute to evidence-based surgical practices, influencing guidelines, policies, and the quality of care provided. Consequently, the choice of a thesis topic is not just an academic exercise; it is an opportunity to make a substantial and meaningful contribution to the surgical field.

The selection of surgery thesis topics also reflects the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare and surgical practices. As new surgical techniques emerge, technology advances, and societal health needs change, the focus of surgical research shifts. Opting for a topic that aligns with current challenges and future directions in surgery ensures the relevance and timeliness of the research and positions the student at the forefront of surgical innovation. This forward-looking approach can be instrumental in addressing surgical challenges of the future and enhancing global patient outcomes.

Moreover, working on surgery thesis topics fosters collaboration and interdisciplinary learning. Many research projects in surgery require input from various specialties, offering students the opportunity to collaborate with experts in different surgical fields. This interdisciplinary approach not only enriches the research but also prepares students for the collaborative nature of surgical practice. It encourages the integration of diverse perspectives, ultimately enhancing the quality of surgical care delivered to patients.

Selecting the right surgery thesis topics also imparts essential lessons in research ethics and the significance of conducting studies responsibly. It instills a sense of responsibility towards research participants, society, and the scientific community, ensuring that the research is conducted with integrity and adherence to ethical standards. This ethical foundation is indispensable for any medical professional, guiding their actions and decisions throughout their surgical career.

In conclusion, the process of selecting surgery thesis topics is a critical juncture in a surgical student’s academic and professional journey. It exerts a profound influence on their educational experience, career trajectory, and the impact they make on the field of surgery. By opting for topics that are pertinent, pioneering, and influential, students can embark on a path that not only satisfies their academic requirements but also lays the groundwork for a fulfilling career dedicated to advancing surgical science and improving patient care. Therefore, the process of selecting a thesis topic in surgery should be approached with thoughtful deliberation, passion, and a vision for the future of surgical practice.

Disclaimer!

There are many methods of sample size determination. It is one of the first hurdle when someone starts writing a thesis. I have tried to give simplest way of determination of sample size. You need to show the method to your PG teacher before you include this method in your thesis. First confirm from your PG teacher and then only proceed.

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Ten hot topics in general surgery.

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Session Description

In this popular session, the panelists review 10 of the hottest topics in general surgery selected from the ACS General Surgery Communities, recent surgery meetings, and the literature.

Course Outline

• Approaches to Femoral Hernia Benjamin K. Poulose, MD, MPH, FACS, Nashville, TN
• Pure Tissue Repair of Inguinal Hernia: Resurrection of a Lost Art John L. Tarpley, MD, FACS, FWACS, Nashville, TN
• Management of Symptomatic Gallstones in Pregnancy Rebecca C. Britt, MD, FACS, Norfolk, VA
• Laparoscopic Lavage vs. Hartmann Procedure for Perforated Diverticulitis Patricia L. Roberts, MD, FACS, FASCRS, Burlington, MA
• Oh, No! An Incorrect Count: Now What? Steven M. Steinberg, MD, FACS, Columbus, OH
• Hyperthyroidism: When Do I Recommend Surgery and What Is the Extent of Resection? Herbert Chen, MD, FACS, Birmingham, AL
• Current Management of Breast Abscess Wendy R. Greene, MD, FACS, FCCM, Atlanta, GA
• Incidental Liver Lesions: Treat or Observe? Cristina R. Ferrone, MD, FACS, Boston, MA
• Pneumatosis Intestinalis: Incidental or Catastrophic? Jose J. Diaz, MD, FACS, FCCM, Baltimore, MD
• Newer Approaches to Pancreatic Necrosis Steven J. Hughes, MD, FACS, Gainesville, FL

Target Audience

• Practicing surgeons

Learning Objectives

• Apply new knowledge and ideas to improve their surgical practice
• Adapt concepts and quality measures in support of research advancements
• Enhance the quality of patient care
• For questions about the course content, please contact [email protected].
• If you have any technical questions, contact [email protected].
• 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
• 1.50 Certificate of Completion
• 1.50 Self Assessment Credit

Disclosure Information

In accordance with the ACCME Accreditation Criteria, the American College of Surgeons must ensure that anyone in a position to control the content of the educational activity (planners and speakers/authors/discussants/moderators) has disclosed all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest. For additional information, please visit the ACCME website: http://www.accme.org/requirements/accreditation-requirements-cme-providers/policies-and-definitions/financial-relationships-and-conflicts-interest

The ACCME also requires that ACS manage any reported conflict and eliminate the potential for bias during the educational activity.  Any conflicts noted below have been managed to our satisfaction. The disclosure information is intended to identify any commercial relationships and allow learners to form their own judgments. However, if you perceive a bias during a activity, please report it on the evaluation.

(Download the full  list of disclosures . )

Faculty and Disclosures

Benjamin K. Poulose, MD, MPH, FACS, Nashville, TN - Ariste Medical: Consulting Fee: Consultant Bard-Davol: Research Funds: Co-Investigator, Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative: Salary John L. Tarpley, MD, FACS, FWACS, Nashville, TN - No Disclosures Rebecca C. Britt, MD, FACS, Norfolk, VA - No Disclosures Patricia L. Roberts, MD, FACS, FASCRS, Burlington, MA - No Disclosures Steven M. Steinberg, MD, FACS, Columbus, OH - No Disclosures Herbert Chen, MD, FACS, Birmingham, AL - No Disclosures Wendy R. Greene, MD, FACS, FCCM, Atlanta, GA - No Disclosures Cristina R. Ferrone, MD, FACS, Boston, MA - No Disclosures Jose J. Diaz, MD, FACS, FCCM, Baltimore, MD - No Disclosures Steven J. Hughes, MD, FACS, Gainesville, FL - No Disclosures

Program Committee and Disclosures

CHAIR: Henri R. Ford, MD, MHA, FACS, FAAP, FRCSEng(Hon), Miami, FL - No Disclosures VICE-CHAIR: David T. Cooke, MD, FACS, Sacramento, CA - No Disclosures

David C. Borgstrom, MD, FACS, Morgantown, WV - No Disclosures Daniel L. Dent, MD, FACS, San Antonio, TX - No Disclosures Roger R. Dmochowski, MD, FACS, Nashville, TN - Allergen: Honoraria: Consultant Audra A. Duncan, MD, FACS, London, ON - No Disclosures Mariam F. Eskander, MD, Boston, MA - No Disclosures Paula Ferrada, MD, FACS, Richmond, VA - No Disclosures Neil H. Hyman, MD, FACS, Chicago, IL - No Disclosures Martin S. Karpeh, Jr., MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures Dennis H. Kraus, MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures Kenneth W. Sharp, MD, FACS, Nashville, TN - No Disclosures David A. Spain, MD, FACS, Stanford, CA - No Disclosures

Ex-Officios

Mary T. Hawn, MD, FACS, Stanford, CA - No Disclosures Daniel M. Herron, MD, FACS, FASBMS, New York, NY - No Disclosures

Consultants

Barbara Lee Bass, MD, FACS, FRCS(Hon), Houston, TX - No Disclosures Quan-Yang Duh, MD, FACS, San Francisco, CA - No Disclosures B. J. Hancock, MD, FACS, FRCSC, Winnipeg, MB - No Disclosures Ronald V. Maier, MD, FACS, FRCSEd(Hon), Seattle, WA - No Disclosures Valerie W. Rusch, MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures

Continuing Medical Education Credit Information

The American College of Surgeons is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™

The American College of Surgeons designates this enduring activity for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Of the AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ listed above, a maximum of 1.5 credits meets the requirements for Self-Assessment.

Note: Residents will receive a Certificate of Completion.

Available Credit

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Please read the Disclaimer at the end of this page.

The following represent additions to UpToDate from the past six months that were considered by the editors and authors to be of particular interest. The most recent What's New entries are at the top of each subsection.

AIRWAY MANAGEMENT

Obesity and increased risk of perioperative cardiac arrest (March 2024)

Obesity is a risk factor for difficulty with airway management and for rapid apneic oxygen desaturation during airway management. Both can result in hypoxic brain damage or death. In an analysis of causes of perioperative cardiac arrest reported to the Seventh National Audit Project (NAP7) in the United Kingdom, 35 percent of airway- and respiratory-related cardiac arrests occurred in patients with body mass index 35 to 50 kg/m 2 , while this cohort comprised only 12 percent of the survey population [ 1 ]. These findings reinforce the need to consider obesity when choosing general versus regional anesthesia and planning the airway management strategy. (See "Airway management for induction of general anesthesia", section on 'Obesity as a risk factor' .)

CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC ANESTHESIA

Moderate hypothermia during aortic arch surgery with antegrade cerebral perfusion (March 2024)

Observational data have supported a shift from deep to moderate hypothermia during circulatory arrest for aortic arch surgery, particularly with adjunctive antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP). A recent trial has now compared outcomes for 251 patients undergoing aortic arch surgery with ACP and randomly assigned to deep (≤20.0°C), low-moderate (20.1 to 24.0°C), or high-moderate (24.1 to 28.0°C) circulatory arrest temperature [ 2 ]. At one-month follow-up, the three groups had similar neurocognitive and neuroimaging outcomes and similar mortality, major morbidity, and quality of life. The volume of transfused blood products was higher in the deep group, but transfusion-related complications were not different. Based on this trial, moderate (20.1 to 28.0°C) rather than deep hypothermia is reasonable during aortic arch surgery when ACP is also used. Whether a low-moderate or high-moderate temperature is selected depends on the complexity of the arch intervention and the anticipated duration of hypothermia. (See "Overview of open surgical repair of the thoracic aorta", section on 'Hypothermic circulatory arrest' .)

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA

Labor epidural analgesia and risk of emergency delivery (December 2023)

It is well established that contemporary neuraxial labor analgesia does not increase the overall risk of cesarean or instrument-assisted vaginal delivery. However, a new retrospective database study of over 600,000 deliveries in the Netherlands reported that epidural labor analgesia was associated with an increased risk of emergency delivery (cesarean or instrument-assisted vaginal) compared with alternative analgesia (13 versus 7 percent) [ 3 ]. Because of potential confounders and lack of detail on epidural and obstetric management, we consider these data insufficient to avoid neuraxial analgesia or change the practice of early labor epidural placement to reduce the potential need for general anesthesia in patients at high risk for cesarean delivery. (See "Adverse effects of neuraxial analgesia and anesthesia for obstetrics", section on 'Effects on the progress and outcome of labor' .)

PATIENT SAFETY

Use of a formal handoff tool during intraoperative transfer of anesthetic care (March 2024)

Intraoperative handoffs of care from one anesthesia provider to another have been associated with adverse outcomes, possibly due to inadequate communication of clinical information. A retrospective study noted that an intraoperative handoff (defined as transfer of care lasting more than 35 minutes) occurred in 40 percent of approximately 120,000 noncardiac surgical cases performed from 2016 to 2021 [ 4 ]. Adverse outcomes (defined as a composite of postoperative mortality or major morbidity) occurred more often when a handoff occurred (7.2 versus 6.2 percent with no handoff). After implementation of a structured electronic handoff tool in 2019, a correlation over time was noted between increased handoff tool usage and decreased likelihood of the composite adverse outcome. We use a formal handoff protocol during all phases of perioperative care. (See "Handoffs of surgical patients", section on 'Use of a formal handoff procedure' .)

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

New guidelines for airway management in infants (January 2024)

Very young children are at higher risk of complications of airway management than children in older age groups; however, guidelines for infants have been lacking. In 2024, the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and the British Journal of Anesthesia published joint guidelines for airway management in neonates and infants [ 5 ]. A summary of their recommendations appears in the following table ( table 1 ). (See "Airway management for pediatric anesthesia", section on 'Pediatric airway management guidelines' .)

Videolaryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation in critically ill children (January 2024)

Use of videolaryngoscopy (VL) in children provides a shared view during emergency endotracheal intubation (ETI) that permits an experienced physician observer to give assistance to the proceduralist. In a multicenter quality study of VL during ETI in pediatric intensive care units with standardized coaching by an attending, over 3500 ETIs were performed with VL, and use of VL increased from 30 percent to 89 percent of ETIs over four years [ 6 ]. Compared with direct laryngoscopy, VL was associated with lower adverse events (9 versus 15 percent). The majority of proceduralists were residents or fellows. These findings and prior studies confirm the safety of VL during emergency ETI in children and demonstrate the value of standardized coaching during the procedure for less experienced clinicians. (See "Technique of emergency endotracheal intubation in children", section on 'Video versus direct laryngoscopy' .)

PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

Association of preoperative anemia with adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery (March 2024)

Studies continue to show a high rate of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and an association with adverse surgical outcomes. In a retrospective study of >4000 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, 30 percent had preoperative anemia, which was associated with dose-dependent increases in postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and longer hospital stay [ 7 ]. In a 2024 meta-analysis with nearly 160,000 patients who underwent cardiac surgery, 28 percent had preoperative anemia, which was associated with increased mortality, AKI, other morbidities, and longer hospital stay [ 8 ]. When feasible, we postpone major surgery in patients with anemia to diagnose the cause and provide treatment. (See "Perioperative blood management: Strategies to minimize transfusions", section on 'Treatment of anemia' .)

Postoperative noninvasive ventilation or high-flow nasal oxygen for patients with obesity (November 2023)

The optimal postoperative ventilatory strategy for patients with severe obesity has been unclear. In a 2023 network meta-analysis of randomized trials that compared various postoperative noninvasive ventilatory strategies in these patients, high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) reduced atelectasis; HFNO, BiPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduced postoperative pneumonia; and HFNO reduced length of stay compared with conventional oxygen therapy [ 9 ]. For patients with obesity who are hypoxic in the post-anesthesia care unit despite oxygen supplementation and incentive spirometry, we suggest a trial of HFNO, BiPAP, or CPAP prior to considering intubation. (See "Anesthesia for the patient with obesity", section on 'Post-anesthesia care unit management' .)

SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE

Tranexamic acid for burn wound excision (November 2023)

Randomized trials have established that tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces blood loss and transfusion requirements in various surgical settings, but data in burn surgery are limited. In a meta-analysis of observational studies evaluating intravenous and topical TXA in burn surgery, use of TXA was associated with reductions in blood loss, use of intraoperative transfusion, and number of units transfused but no change in venous thromboembolism or mortality rates [ 10 ]. Based on this review and data from other surgical settings, we routinely administer intravenous TXA for burn wound excisions over 20 percent of total body surface area. (See "Overview of the management of the severely burned patient", section on 'Coagulopathy' .)

OTHER ANESTHESIA

Updated guideline on postoperative delirium in adults (February 2024)

The European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine has published an updated guideline on postoperative delirium (POD) [ 11 ]. Recommendations include preoperatively screening older adults for risk factors for POD and multicomponent nonpharmacological interventions for all patients with risk factors. In addition, review of recent evidence showed that perioperative use of dexmedetomidine was associated with a lower incidence of POD, particularly when administered postoperatively in the intensive care unit. We agree with the recommendations and often use dexmedetomidine in the perioperative period to reduce the incidence of POD in high-risk patients. (See "Perioperative neurocognitive disorders in adults: Risk factors and mitigation strategies", section on 'Intravenous agents associated with lower risk' .)

Supplemental neuraxial or regional analgesia and postoperative neurocognitive disorders (January 2024)

Supplementing general anesthesia with neuraxial or regional analgesic techniques reduced postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) and/or delirium in some studies, but results have been inconsistent. Differences in techniques and timing of analgesic administration, and confounding patient variables may explain the inconsistencies. In a meta-analysis of randomized trials of patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery under general or neuraxial anesthesia, supplemental postoperative neuraxial or regional analgesia (eg, epidural or peripheral or fascial plane block) reduced PND (both delirium and delayed neurocognitive recovery) in the first postoperative month compared with no supplemental analgesia [ 12 ]. Although supplemental analgesia may reduce PND, selection of anesthetic techniques is based primarily on other considerations. (See "Perioperative neurocognitive disorders in adults: Risk factors and mitigation strategies", section on 'Choice of anesthetic technique' .)

Thyroid hormone administration in deceased organ donors (December 2023)

Thyroid hormone administration has been a longstanding component of some organ procurement protocols due to concern that acute hypothyroidism might contribute to hemodynamic instability and left ventricular dysfunction, reducing heart and other organ procurement; however, evidence for the practice has been inconsistent. In a recent trial of 838 hemodynamically unstable, brain-dead donors assigned to receive a levothyroxine infusion or saline placebo, there was little to no difference in number of hearts transplanted or 30-day cardiac graft survival [ 13 ]. Recovery of other organs was similarly unaffected. More cases of severe hypertension or tachycardia occurred in the levothyroxine group than in the saline group. Based on these data, we suggest avoiding thyroid hormone administration in deceased organ donors. (See "Management of the deceased organ donor", section on 'Thyroid hormone' .)

Aerosol generation during noninvasive respiratory support modalities (October 2023)

Studies have reported conflicting data as to whether high levels of aerosols are generated when noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is used. In a 2023 systematic review including 12 studies in patients with respiratory infections and 15 studies in healthy volunteers, use of NIV or HFNO was not associated with increased generation of pathogen-laden aerosols compared with controls with unsupported normal or labored breathing, low-flow nasal oxygen, or oxygen or nonrebreather mask [ 14 ]. Inconsistency among studies may reflect differences in sampling and detection methodologies and operating room ventilation. Notably, the National Health Service in the United Kingdom has removed mask ventilation, intubation, and extubation from its list of aerosol-generating procedures. (See "Overview of infection control during anesthetic care", section on 'Considerations during aerosol-generating procedures' .)

Effectiveness of intraoperative blood salvage for reducing need for allogenic transfusion (October 2023)

Intraoperative blood salvage is a blood conservation technique in which autologous blood is aspirated, concentrated, washed, and reinfused. A 2023 meta-analysis of randomized trials involving >14,000 patients found that it reduced the need for allogeneic red blood cell transfusions in cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass and in major orthopedic hip, knee, or spine surgery [ 15 ]. Benefits were uncertain in vascular, cancer, and obstetric surgery. We recommend intraoperative blood salvage in surgical procedures with blood loss >750 mL, particularly if transfusion of allogeneic blood is likely. (See "Surgical blood conservation: Intraoperative blood salvage", section on 'Benefits' .)

• Cook TM, Oglesby F, Kane AD, et al. Airway and respiratory complications during anaesthesia and associated with peri-operative cardiac arrest as reported to the 7th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:368.
• Hughes GC, Chen EP, Browndyke JN, et al. Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest Trial (GOT ICE): A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Outcomes After Aortic Arch Surgery. Circulation 2024; 149:658.
• Damhuis SE, Groen H, Thilaganathan B, et al. Effect of intrapartum epidural analgesia on rate of emergency delivery for presumed fetal compromise: nationwide registry-based cohort study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:668.
• Saha AK, Segal S. A Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Adverse Effects of Transitions of Anesthesia Care on Postoperative Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:387.
• Disma N, Asai T, Cools E, et al. Airway management in neonates and infants: European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and British Journal of Anaesthesia joint guidelines. Br J Anaesth 2024; 132:124.
• Giuliano J Jr, Krishna A, Napolitano N, et al. Implementation of Video Laryngoscope-Assisted Coaching Reduces Adverse Tracheal Intubation-Associated Events in the PICU. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:936.
• Warner MA, Hanson AC, Schulte PJ, et al. Preoperative Anemia and Postoperative Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery: A Mediation Analysis Evaluating Intraoperative Transfusion Exposures. Anesth Analg 2024; 138:728.
• Lau MPXL, Low CJW, Ling RR, et al. Preoperative anemia and anemia treatment in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:127.
• Li R, Liu L, Wei K, et al. Effect of noninvasive respiratory support after extubation on postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth 2023; 91:111280.
• Fijany AJ, Givechian KB, Zago I, et al. Tranexamic acid in burn surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burns 2023; 49:1249.
• Aldecoa C, Bettelli G, Bilotta F, et al. Update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium in adult patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2024; 41:81.
• Singh NP, Makkar JK, Borle A, Singh PM. Role of supplemental regional blocks on postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction after major non-cardiac surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024; 49:49.
• Dhar R, Marklin GF, Klinkenberg WD, et al. Intravenous Levothyroxine for Unstable Brain-Dead Heart Donors. N Engl J Med 2023; 389:2029.
• Zhang MX, Lilien TA, van Etten-Jamaludin FS, et al. Generation of Aerosols by Noninvasive Respiratory Support Modalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2337258.
• Lloyd TD, Geneen LJ, Bernhardt K, et al. Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion in adults undergoing elective surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 9:CD001888.

Insights in Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery: 2022

Loading... Original Research 06 March 2023 Prospective study of efficacy and safety of non-ablative 1927 nm fractional thulium fiber laser in Asian skin photoaging Xianwen Li ,  6 more  and  Ju Wen 2,555 views 2 citations

Original Research 03 March 2023 Risk factors for pressure ulcer recurrence following surgical reconstruction: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis Yueh-Ju Tsai ,  6 more  and  Ching-Hua Hsieh 1,508 views 1 citations

Loading... Case Report 08 February 2023 Reconstruction of complex knee wounds with a distally based gracilis flap and gastrocnemius myocutaneous flap: A case report Hyeokjae Kwon ,  7 more  and  Yooseok Ha 2,139 views 0 citations

Original Research 30 January 2023 Predictors of surgical site infection following reconstructive flap surgery: A multi-institutional analysis of 37,177 patients Bashar Hassan ,  5 more  and  Amir Ibrahim 1,227 views 1 citations

Case Report 07 November 2022 Atrophie blanche complicated with lower limb infection and maggot growth: A case report Bo Zhou ,  6 more  and  Fei Yu 1,500 views 0 citations

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Loading... Original Research 08 August 2022 Reconstruction of facial defects using a pre-expanded scalp flap: A description of the method used and outcomes of 43 patients Jianke Ding ,  5 more  and  Xianjie Ma 1,130 views 3 citations

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Thesis Topics for MS Surgery ( selected ) AIIMS

High Yields in Orthopedics |medical study notes

Thesis Topics for MS – Surgery ( selected ) AIIMS

• Accuracy of Sentinel node biopsy in predicting axillary nodal status following neo adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Co -Guide.
• Role of in vitro MR spectroscopy in evaluation of lymph nodes in patients with lymphadenopathy. Co-Guide.
• Effect of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density after renal transplantation as assessed by bone mineral densitometry
• Evaluation of Feasibility and Performance of Minimally invasive Radioguided Parathyroidectomy in Established Cases of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
• Evaluation of the role of Pneumatic Compression Pump in the management of Post-Mastectomy Lymphedema
• Factors affecting incidence of early postoperative complications
• Three port vs. four ports laparoscopic cholecystectomy- A prospective randomized controlled study
• Focused abdominal sonography in trauma (FAST) in patients with blunt trauma abdomen- A prospective study
• Post cholecystectomy symptoms following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
• Ambulatory Laparoscopic hernia repair: A feasibility study
• Evaluation of early outcomes and quality of life after day care conventional inguinal hernia repair
• Role of centchroman in management of mastalgia and fibroadenoma” – a randomized study
• Relationship of Serum TSH with Thyroid Vascularity assessed at operation.
• Advanced Sentinel lymph Node evaluation in breast and head and neck cancers.
• To study the burden of post – operative surgical site infections in clean and clean contaminated operations.
• To evaluate the role of intra – abdominal pressure as a predictor of abdominal wound dehiscence.
• Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors in renal transplant recipients
• CMV disease in transplantation (Microbiology)
• Total extra peritoneal hernia repair comparison of space creation by direct telescope vs. balloon dissection- A randomized controlled study
• Standardized mesh repair for inguinal hernia- A pilot study
• To study the feasibility of fast track thyroidectomy
• Post operative surgical site infection in clean and clean contaminated operations
• B hCG expression inpatients with benign and malignant breast diseases
• Prospective Study to evaluate the role of Helicobacter pylori in benign and malignant hepatobiliary disease
• “Mammotome guided biopsy for indeterminate breast lesions following fine needle aspiration cytology
• Radical duct excision for nipple discharge (benign breast disease) – its long term follow up.
• Role of Centchroman in regression of Mastalgia and regression of Fibroadenoma and its correlation to histopathology and estrogen and progesterone receptor.
• Safety and efficacy of autologous stem cells in prevention of amputation in patients with chronic critical limb: a randomized multi-centric study.
• Standardized open mesh repair for primary inguinal hernia – A Pilot Study.
• Role of FDG PET-CT in evaluation of axillary lymph node involvement   in T1 T2 N0 M0 breast cancer in comparison with Sentinel node Biopsy.
• “Evaluation of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer” in collaboration with Department of Radiotherapy, Radiology & Pathology.
• “Sentinel lymph node biopsy for locally advanced breast carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy” in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pathology, and Radiotherapy.

3. Characterization of thymoma using F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET – CT) and its     correlation with histopathology in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine & Pathology. 4. Evaluation of patients with primary mediastinal lymphadenopathy using FDG-PET-CT scan and its correlation with    histopathology – A prospective study in collaboration with Medicine, Nuclear Medicine & pathology. 5. Clinical co-relation of ER, PR, HER2 neu expression and BRCA1 gene mutations in Indian breast cancer patients.

Collaborative Research (Ongoing)   1. Quality of life of live related donors ( Nephrology) 2. Molecular typing and detection of Mupirocin and Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus ( Microbiology) 3. Cytokine Gene Polymorphismin Renal Transplant Patients (Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics) 4. Outcome after laparoscopic cardiomyotomy – early and late” in collaboration with Department of     Gastroenterology. 5.  Efficacy and feasibility of regional anaesthesia compared to general anaesthesia for totally extraperitoneal      laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in collaboration with Department of Anaesthesiology. 6. “Breast cancer: local tumour staging by MRI and its impact on therapeutic approach” in collaboration with      Department of Radiodiagnosis & Pathology. 7. “Evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with early breast cancer using PET scan in collaboration with      Department of Endocrinology, Pathology and Nuclear Medicine 8. Characterization of thymoma using F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET – CT) and its    correlation with histopathology in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine & Pathology. 9. Evaluation of patients with primary mediastinal lymphadenopathy using FDG-PET-CT scan and its correlation with    histopathology – A prospective study in collaboration with Medicine, Nuclear Medicine & pathology.

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Department of General Surgery

Maharajgunj medical campus, institute of medicine, thesis writing.

Outlines for thesis presentation

Residents are required to submit ‘Thesis’ as the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in General Surgery.

Departmental thesis presentation

Thesis presentation in the department is scheduled as follows: (All presentations are scheduled in alphabetical order of the name of presenter)

a. First Year: i. Asoj: Sept/ Oct Thesis topic selection ii. Kartik: Oct/Nov Thesis presentation (Abstract, Introduction) b. Second year: i. Baishak: Apr/May Preliminary presentation ( Methodology analysis) c. Third year: i. Asoj: Sept/Oct Thesis presentation

During thesis presentation, each student is required to submit at least 3 feasible Topics in Power point presentation. Each presentation should be structured properly.

Clearance from IRC (Institutional review committee)

IRC RESOURCES The Thesis should be cleared from the  ‘IRC’ after the department has accepted it.

Recommended Thesis format 1. Length Limits should be observed as closely as possible, not to exceed, 12,000 words. 2. Format The text should be typewritten on one side only of A4 paper in ‘Times New Roman’ font, size 12. Margin at binding edge should not be less than 40mm and other margins not less than 20mm, both for type and diagrams/images. One-and-a-half spacing should be used. All pages, including preliminaries and appendices should be numbered. While all pages are counted, not all carry a typed number, i.e. the title page, contents page. Page numbers should be located centrally at the bottom of the page and about 20mm above the edge of the page 2. Binding

The submitted final thesis should be bound with boards. The binding should be of a fixed kind in which leaves are permanently secured. The boards shall have a sufficient rigidity to support the weight of the work when standing on a shelf. The thesis is to be hard-bound in black with plain gold lettering. The cover should include the following:

 Thesis Title Student’s Name Faculty/Department Year

4. Copies In total 6 copies of the hard cover thesis should be submitted to the department, one each for the Guide and the Co-guide; one for the Library; one for the Department; two for the Campus. The copy of the thesis submitted is retained by the Department and the Maharajgunj Campus, Institute of Medicine and cannot be borrowed or exchanged. After examination, one copy of every thesis will normally be retained in the library. The student may retain an additional copy of the thesis. Each copy should be duly signed by the author as well as the Guide and Co- guide. 5. Organization of Materials a. Title Page List information in the following order: Title of thesis A Thesis submitted to Tribhuvan University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters in General Surgery Name of the student Preceptor b. Certificate Page:

Signed by the preceptor Certificate

This is to certify that the work contained in the thesis entitled,‘title’ has been carried out by ‘author’ under my direct supervision and guidance. All the investigations in connection with this work have been done by the candidate and are genuine. c . Declaration Declaration of Own Work signed by the author I hereby declare that the present thesis entitled,‘title’, is my original work accomplished as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Master of General Surgery under the supervision of ‘preceptor’. Furthermore, I authorize Tribhuvan University to reproduce this thesis by any means; mechanical or electronic, in part or as a whole , at the request of any individual or institute for the purpose of scholarly research. c. Acknowledgements Only persons and organizations who actually aided research (not typist, parents, etc.) should be mentioned in a scholarly manner, without sentimentality or humour. d. Table of Contents Complete list of contents including, list of illustrations, and headings of chapters or brief indication of their contents, appendices, and bibliography together with page numbers should be mentioned. e. List of Illustrations This should include title and page numbers locating each image. f. Abstract Abstract page should have the following headings ‘Background’, ‘Patients and Methods’, ‘Results’, ‘ Conclusions’. It should not have more than 500 words. g. Background It should include an outline of the main argument and literature review. There should be adequate elaboration of the tools used in methodology with proper references. h. Aims and Objectives General and specific objectives of the study should be mentioned.

g. Patients and Methods It should include ‘Study Design’, Sample size calculation and Sampling’, Inclusion and exclusion criteria’, ‘Methodology’, ‘Study outcomes’ and ‘Statistical analysis’ etc i. Results It should elaborate the finding with proper references to tables and figures. j. Discussion

This should be pertinent to the study and based on recent studies. You should try to compare your results with other studies. k. Conclusion It should be short and be able to project a message to the reader. l. Appendices Glossary, detailed data, technical information, questionnaires or the full text of an interview may be included here. Appendices should be named alphabetically and should be numbered in sequence with the rest of the pages of the text m. References

6. Grammar, Spelling, Punctuation and Acronyms The text should be checked for grammar and spelling. All acronyms should be spelled out the first time they are used.

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Laparoscopic assisted versus ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block in laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) guided by laparoscopy and ultrasound showed promise in enhancing the multimodal analgesic approach following several abdominal procedures. This study aimed to compare t...

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Super-refractory status epilepticus, rhabdomyolysis, central hyperthermia and cardiomyopathy attributable to spinal anesthesia: a case report and review of literature

There are only six past reports of super-refractory status epilepticus induced by spinal anesthesia. None of those patients have died. Only < 15 mg of bupivacaine was administered to all six of them and to our...

Analysis of influencing factors and construction of prediction model for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a single-center retrospective cohort study

With the increasing number of bariatric surgeries, the high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) associated with this surgery has also gradually attracted attention. Among the common bariatric...

Skin mottling score assesses peripheral tissue hypoperfusion in critically ill patients following cardiac surgery

Skin mottling is a common manifestation of peripheral tissue hypoperfusion, and its severity can be described using the skin mottling score (SMS). This study aims to evaluate the value of the SMS in detecting ...

Incidence and factors associated with failed spinal anaesthesia among patients undergoing surgery: a multi- center prospective observational study

Failed spinal anaesthesia causes prolonging of operation time, insufficient analgesia for surgery and needs repeating spinal anaesthesia which in turn causes local anaesthesia toxicity, high spinal and total s...

Echocardiographic features of right ventricle in septic patients with elevated central venous pressure

Elevated central venous pressure (CVP) is deemed as a sign of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. We aimed to characterize the echocardiographic features of RV in septic patients with elevated CVP, and quantif...

Sex differences in pain catastrophizing and its relation to the transition from acute pain to chronic pain

Differences exist between sexes in pain and pain-related outcomes, such as development of chronic pain. Previous studies suggested a higher risk for pain chronification in female patients. Furthermore, pain ca...

Sedation versus general anesthesia on all-cause mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The comparison between sedation and general anesthesia (GA) in terms of all-cause mortality remains a subject of ongoing debate. The primary objective of our study was to investigate the impact of GA and sedat...

Incidence of intraoperative hypotension and its factors among adult traumatic head injury patients in comprehensive specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: a multicenter observational study

Traumatic head injury (THI) poses a significant global public health burden, often contributing to mortality and disability. Intraoperative hypotension (IH) during emergency neurosurgery for THI can adversely ...

Impact of intraoperative hypothermia on the recovery period of anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery

This study aimed to investigate the impact of intraoperative hypothermia on the recovery period of anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

The effect of glycopyrrolate vs. atropine in combination with neostigmine on cardiovascular system for reversal of residual neuromuscular blockade in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial

Glycopyrrolate-neostigmine (G/N) for reversing neuromuscular blockade (NMB) causes fewer changes in heart rate (HR) than atropine-neostigmine (A/N). This advantage may be especially beneficial for elderly pati...

Thoracolumbar Interfascial Plane (TLIP) block verses other paraspinal fascial plane blocks and local infiltration for enhanced pain control after spine surgery: a systematic review

Spinal surgeries are accompanied by excessive pain due to extensive dissection and muscle retraction during the procedure. Thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) blocks for spinal surgeries are a recent addit...

Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthognathic surgery: a scoping review

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common adverse events following orthognathic surgery. It’s a distressing feeling for patients and continues to be the cause of postoperative complica...

The value of local dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ultrasound-guided wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) in flexor tendon repair surgeries: a randomized controlled trial

The Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) technique allows intraoperative motor assessment of tendon repair integrity of the hand compared with general anesthesia or brachial plexus block. No stud...

Accelerated lymph flow from infusion of crystalloid fluid during general anesthesia

Kinetic analysis of crystalloid fluid yields a central distribution volume ( V c ) of the same size as the expected plasma volume (approximately 3 L) except during general anesthesia during which V c might be only ha...

Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in hepatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Animal experiments have confirmed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries (HIRIs), significantly improving early tissue perfusion and oxygenation of the res...

The effects of an IV fluid bolus on mitral annular velocity and the assessment of diastolic function: a prospective non-randomized study

Abnormal diastolic function is an independent predictor of adverse postoperative outcomes. Mitral annular tissue Doppler velocity (e’) is a key parameter for assessing diastolic function. The purpose of this s...

Effect of pretreatment with a small dose of esketamine on sufentanil-induced cough during anesthesia induction: a randomized controlled trial

Sufentanil-induced cough is common during the induction of anesthesia. The objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with a small dose of esketamine is effective in treating sufentanil-indu...

The effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure monitoring systems on postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing tracheal intubation: a randomized clinical trial

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is an unpleasant outcome that can occur as a result of tracheal intubation in adults. Increased pressure from the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff often leads to local mucosal inju...

Time to death and its predictors among adult patients on mechanical ventilation admitted to intensive care units in West Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

Mechanical ventilation is the most common intervention for patients with respiratory failure in the intensive care unit. There is limited data from African countries, including Ethiopia on time to death and it...

Preoperative routine measurement of NT-proBNP predicts postoperative morbidity after non-cardiac surgery with intermediate or high surgical risk: an observational study

Chronic heart failure (HF) is a common clinical condition associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. This study aimed to estimate a clinically applicable NT-proBNP cut...

Combined sedation in pediatric magnetic resonance imaging: determination of median effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam

The exact median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam sedation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in children remains unknow and the aim of this study ...

Integrative proteomics and metabolomics data analysis exploring the mechanism of brain injury after cardiac surgery in chronic stress rats

Preoperative chronic stress (CS) is associated with postoperative brain injury in patients undergoing open heart cardiac surgery. This research is to explore the potential molecular biological mechanisms of br...

Association of adherence to the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway and outcomes after laparoscopic total gastrectomy

The current study used a composite outcome to investigate whether applying the ERAS protocol would enhance the recovery of patients undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG).

The use of thermal imaging for evaluation of peripheral tissue perfusion in surgical patients with septic shock

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of central-to-peripheral temperature gradients using thermal imaging to predict in-hospital mortality in surgical patients with septic shock.

Usefulness of lactate to albumin ratio for predicting in-hospital mortality in atrial fibrillation patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis from MIMIC-IV database

High lactate to albumin ratio (LAR) has been reported to be associated to with poor prognosis in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). However, its role in predicting in-hospital mortality in AF ...

Comparison of diffusion ranges at different local anesthetic volumes during superior laryngeal nerve block

Ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) block is a practical and painless approach to avoid the hemodynamic stress response during endotracheal intubation and relieve sore throat after laryngeal surge...

Red blood cell transfusion in neurocritical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Anemia can lead to secondary brain damage by reducing arterial oxygen content and brain oxygen supply. Patients with acute brain injury have impaired self-regulation. Brain hypoxia may also occur even in mild ...

The efficacy and safety of modified ultraearly oral hydration for alleviating thirst in patients after thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Postoperative fasting following thoracoscopic surgery can cause intense thirst and oral discomfort. However, there is currently no research on ultraearly oral hydration (UEOH) in middle-aged or elderly patient...

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on the quality of postoperative recovery: a meta-analysis

The purpose of the present study was to systematically delve into the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the quality of recovery after general anesthesia.

Positive effects of low-dose S-ketamine on preventing myocardial injury after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients aged 70 to 85

To investigate the effects of low-dose S-ketamine on marker of myocardial injury (BNP, hs-cTnT and HFABP) after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients aged 70 to 85.

Availability and threshold of the vasoactive-inotropic score for predicting early extubation in adults after rheumatic heart valve surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study

Early extubation (EEx) is defined as the removal of the endotracheal tube within 8 h postoperatively. The present study involved determining the availability and threshold of the vasoactive-inotropic score (VI...

Effect of deep neuromuscular block on the quality of early recovery after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients: a randomized controlled trial

Deep neuromuscular block (NMB) has been shown to improve surgical conditions and alleviate post-operative pain in bariatric surgery compared with moderate NMB. We hypothesized that deep NMB could also improve ...

Placement of bronchial occluder outside the tracheal tube in a patient combined with airway compression undergoing mediastinal tumors resection: a case report

Mediastinal tumors pose a challenging respiratory and circulatory management during anesthesia procedures, there is a risk of circulatory collapse or complete airway obstruction, which in severe cases can lead...

Nonintubated spontaneous ventilation versus intubated mechanical ventilation anesthesia for video-assisted thoracic surgery in terms of perioperative complications and practitioners’ workload assessments: a pilot randomized control study

The use of nonintubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NI-VATS) has been increasingly reported to yield favourable outcomes. However, this technology has not been routinely used because its advantages a...

Postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients with COVID-19 undergoing cardiovascular surgery: an inverse propensity-weighted study

To evaluate the postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery during the 2022 nationwide Omicron variant infection wave in China.

Retraction Note: Functional modular networks identify the pivotal genes associated with morphine addiction and potential drug therapies

Efficacy and safety of esketamine combined with propofol for curative endoscopic resection in colorectum: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Curative endoscopic resection is widely used to treat colonic polyps and early stage cancers. The anesthetic strategy commonly involves the use of propofol combined with a small dose of opioids for sedation. A...

Fascia iliaca compartment block for postoperative pain after total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is one of the regional nerve blocks used to reduce pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA). We aim to assess the efficacy of FICB in reducing post-operative pain and opio...

Minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in combination with remimazolam in adults during laryngeal mask insertion: an up-down sequential allocation study

Remimazolam is a novel ultrashort-acting intravenous benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic. The combination of remimazolam and sevoflurane does not increase respiratory sensitivity, produce bronchospasm, or cause o...

Efficacy and safety of ciprofol versus propofol for anesthesia induction in adult patients received elective surgeries: a meta‑analysis

Propofol is use widely used in anesthesia, known for its effectiveness, may lead to cardiopulmonary issues in some patients. Ciprofol has emerged as a possible alternative to propofol because it can achieve co...

The effects of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery with Trendelenburg position on short-term postoperative respiratory diaphragmatic function

To study how Pneumoperitoneum under Trendelenburg position for robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery impact the perioperative respiratory parameters, diagrammatic function, etc.

Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in burn patients undergoing surgery – a systematic review and meta-analysis

Reducing blood loss during excisional surgery in burn patients remains a challenge. Tranexamic acid during surgery can potentially reduce blood loss. The use of tranexamic acid during excisional surgery in bur...

Gastric point-of-care ultrasonography in patients undergoing radical gastrointestinal surgery before anesthetic induction: an observational cohort study

Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents is a serious perioperative complication. Patients with gastric cancer may experience delayed gastric emptying. However, the role of qualitative and quantitative gastric...

The relationship between preoperative blood pressure during anesthetic examinations and pre-intubation blood pressure

There have been few reports showing the relationship between blood pressure (BP) measured at clinics preoperatively and BP measured before anesthetic intubation/induction. The purpose of this study was to exam...

Prediction of preload dependency using phenylephrine-induced peripheral perfusion index during general anaesthesia: a prospective observational study

Tracking preload dependency non-invasively to maintain adequate tissue perfusion in the perioperative period can be challenging.The effect of phenylephrine on stroke volume is dependent upon preload. Changes i...

Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common postoperative complication, and Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block can provide effective analgesia for surgical operation. However, but there is not en...

Clinical nomogram prediction model to assess the risk of prolonged ICU length of stay in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-IV database

The duration of hospitalization, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is influenced by patient prognosis and treatment costs. Reducing ICU length of stay (...

Application of remimazolam-0.6% sevoflurane anesthesia for flash visual evoked potential monitoring during pituitary adenoma resection: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial

Flash visual evoked potential (FVEP) is a critical method for monitoring intraoperative visual function during neurosurgery. A new benzodiazepine drug called remimazolam has recently been used for general anes...

Behavioral pain scale may not be reliable in awake non-verbal intensive care patients: a case control study

The evaluation of pain in patients, unable of oral communication, often relies on behavioral assessment. However, some critically ill patients, while non-verbal, are awake and have some potential for self-repo...

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BMC Anesthesiology

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