six step problem solving

Tuesday, May 15, 2012

The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process

Select the problem to be analyzed
Clearly define the problem and establish aprecise problem statement
Set a measurable goal for the problem solving effort
Establish a process for coordinating with and gaining approval of leadership
Identify the processes that impact the problem and select one
List the steps in the process as it currently exists
Map the Process
Validate the map of the process
Identify potential cause of the problem
Collect and analyze data related to the problem
Verify or revise the original problem statement
Identify root causes of the problem
Collect additional data if needed to verify root causes
Establish criteria for selecting a solution
Generate potential solutions that will address the root causes of the problem
Select a solution
Gain approval and supporter the chosen solution
Plan the solution
Implement the chosen solution on a trial or pilot basis
If the Problem Solving Process is being used in conjunction with the Continuous Improvement Process, return to Step 6 of the Continuous Improvement Process
If the Problem Solving Process is being used as a standalone, continue to Step 5
Gather data on the solution
Analyze the data on the solution
Achive the desired results?
If YES, go to Step 6.
If NO, go back to Step 1.
Identify systemic changes and training needs for full implementation
Adopt the solution
Plan ongoing monitoring of the solution
Continue to look for incremental improvements to refine the solution
Look for another improvement opportunity

4 comments:

Tim, This is a good guideline for any practitioner to follow. I wish I had this a few weeks ago. A client liked a training deck I prepared but didn't want to confuse anyone with terms like Deming Cycle and such. The final version of PDCA was a 6 step process improvement method that's very similar to yours. Thanks for sharing. Cheers, Chris

Thank you for you brief and easy to understand on each step problem solving above.

Wonderful. Well Explained. Thank you for sharing

I mapped this to PDCA and observed that the first 3 steps correspond to P, the next 3 to D, C and A respectively. This Show that indeed planning is the most important step in PDCA.

Search A Lean Journey

Twitter updates.

Facebook Updates
Advertising

Subscribe Now

Get new posts by email:

A Lean Journey LinkedIn Group

Recent comments, search this blog, top 10 posts.

Celebrating my 500th Blog Post
Visual Management Board
Guest Post: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle...
What Do We Mean By True North?
Five Lean Games Every Company Can Benefit From
10 Characteristics of a Good Measure and 7 Pitfalls to Avoid
DOWNTIME and the Eight Wastes
The 8 Common Wastes in an Office That Cause Downtime
Lean Leadership: Lessons from Abe Lincoln

Blog Archive

► May (4)
► April (13)
► March (13)
► February (12)
► January (14)
► December (11)
► November (13)
► October (12)
► September (13)
► August (13)
► July (8)
► June (13)
► May (14)
► April (12)
► February (13)
► January (13)
► December (12)
► October (13)
► August (14)
► July (13)
► May (13)
► August (10)
► March (14)
► July (14)
► December (10)
► June (12)
► April (9)
► December (13)
► October (14)
► September (12)
► May (12)
► January (12)
► October (15)
► December (14)
► November (12)
► January (15)
► August (17)
► July (19)
► June (16)
► May (19)
► April (18)
► March (17)
► February (16)
► January (18)
► December (19)
► November (18)
► October (20)
► September (18)
► August (22)
► July (23)
► June (21)
Lean Roundup #36 – May, 2012
Meet-up: Beyond Lean's Matt Wrye
Meet-up: 6 Questions to Learn of Those in Our Comm...
Memorial Day is a Time for Remembrance
Lean Quote: Change Leaders Create Constancy of Pur...
Celebrating A Lean Journey's Third Year With Some ...
Quality Improvement in Government?
Webinar: Checking Your Lean Progress
Lean Quote: Ability, Motivation, Attitude
Daily Lean Tips Edition #31
Leveraging Quality to Achieve Your Business Goals
Lean Quote: Continuous Improvement is About Findin...
Management Improvement Blog Carnival #166
Top 3 “Old School” Apps for Lean
Creating A Quality Focused Culture
Lean Quote: Opportunity is Dressed as Hard Work
Kanban Flow - A Free, Fast, & Flexible Kanban Tool
Demonstrating Commitment Is A Combination of Suppo...
► April (17)
► February (18)
► January (20)
► December (18)
► November (19)
► October (17)
► September (22)
► July (20)
► June (20)
► May (21)
► April (19)
► March (20)
► February (17)
► January (17)
► December (20)
► November (15)
► August (18)
► July (17)
► April (14)
► November (17)
► July (15)
► June (9)
► May (5)
A Lean Journey (79)
A Year Ago (8)
ASQ's Influential Voices (40)
Book Review (64)
Change Management (53)
Communication (13)
Conference (10)
Culture (38)
Customer Focus (2)
Daily Management (1)
Development/Training (13)
Empowerment (19)
Engagement (37)
Exercises/Games (8)
Facilitation (2)
Feedback (3)
Guest Post (167)
In the News (69)
Innovation (2)
L.A.M.E. (5)
Leadership (218)
Lean and Green (12)
Lean Basics (109)
Lean Definition (24)
Lean Fun (10)
Lean in Practice (55)
Lean Management (152)
Lean Office (14)
Lean Products (4)
Lean Quote (723)
Lean Resources (44)
Lean Roundup (198)
Lean Thinking (5)
Lean Tips (232)
Meet-up (27)
Podcast (5)
Problem Solving (21)
Product Review (2)
Project Management (6)
Quality (48)
Respect For People (57)
Sharing Best Practices (129)
Soft Skills (3)
Strategy (6)
Supply Chain (1)
Talking Lean (1)
Teamwork (42)
Visual Factory (31)
Webinar (23)

Lean Blogs I Like

2 Lean Principles
5S Supply Blog
Avoiding The Corporate Death Spiral
Be More Careful!
Curious Cat
Daily Kaizen
Evolving Excellence
Gemba Panta Rei
Gemba Tales
Got Boondoggle?
Gotta Go Lean Blog
Improve With Me
Jamie Flinchbaugh
Kaizen Notebook
Lean Builder
Lean Communications
Lean For Everyone
Lean Healthcare Exchange
Lean Homebuilding
Lean Insider
Lean Is Good
Lean Leadership
Lean Pathways
Lean Printing
Lean Reflections
Lean Simulations
Lean Six Sigma Academy
LeanCor Blog
Learn Lean Manufacturing
Learning About Lean
Old Lean Dude Blog
The A3 Post
The Lean Edge
The Lean Library
The Lean Logistics Blog
The Lean Thinker
The Lean Way Consulting
TimeBack Blog
To The Gemba
Training Within Industry
Visual Management Blog

wibiya widget

ChatableApps

Mastering the Six-Step Problem Solving Model – A Comprehensive Guide for Success

Introduction.

Problem solving skills are a crucial aspect of life. Whether it’s tackling complex issues in the workplace or finding solutions to everyday challenges, being able to effectively solve problems is essential. One popular approach to problem-solving is the Six-Step Problem Solving Model. This model provides a structured and systematic way of approaching problems, enabling individuals and teams to arrive at effective solutions. In this blog post, we will delve into each step of the Six-Step Problem Solving Model and explore techniques and strategies for successful problem solving.

Step 1: Identify and define the problem

Before diving into finding a solution, it is imperative to clearly identify and define the problem at hand. Without a clear understanding of the problem, it becomes difficult to develop effective solutions. One technique for identifying the problem is to ask the right questions. By asking probing questions, you can gain a deeper understanding of the issue and its impact on various aspects.

Gathering relevant information is a vital aspect of defining the problem. This can be done through research, data analysis, or relying on the expertise of individuals who have faced similar issues. The more information you gather, the better equipped you will be to define the problem accurately.

Step 2: Analyze the problem

Once the problem is defined, it is crucial to analyze it thoroughly. This involves exploring the root causes of the problem. By identifying the underlying factors contributing to the problem, you can develop strategies to address them effectively.

Analytical tools and techniques can aid in this step. One such tool is the cause-and-effect diagram, also known as the fishbone diagram. This diagram helps visualize the multiple causes that contribute to a problem, enabling a comprehensive analysis. Other tools, such as SWOT analysis or Pareto analysis, can be utilized depending on the nature of the problem.

Step 3: Generate potential solutions

Brainstorming and creative thinking play a crucial role in the third step of the Six-Step Problem Solving Model. This is the stage where you generate as many potential solutions as possible, without evaluating them yet. Encouraging a free flow of ideas without judgment can lead to innovative and out-of-the-box solutions.

After generating a list of potential solutions, it’s time to evaluate their feasibility and effectiveness. Consider factors such as the resources required, the time frame, and the impact on stakeholders. Prioritize the solutions based on these considerations and shortlist a few viable options.

Step 4: Select the best solution

Choosing the best solution from the shortlisted options requires a careful evaluation process. Consider various factors such as the potential positive outcomes, potential risks, and the resources required for implementation. One useful tool in this step is decision matrix analysis. This tool allows you to objectively compare and evaluate different solutions based on predetermined criteria.

Remember that the best solution might not be perfect, but it should have a higher probability of success and address the root causes identified in the analysis phase.

Step 5: Implement the chosen solution

Once you have selected the best solution, it’s time to develop an action plan for implementation. The action plan should outline the necessary steps, allocate resources, and set clear timelines for each task. It’s important to involve all relevant stakeholders in this phase to ensure their buy-in and cooperation.

During implementation, it’s common to encounter obstacles and risks. It is important to anticipate and proactively address these challenges. Regular communication and monitoring of progress can help identify potential risks and resolve issues in a timely manner.

Step 6: Evaluate the results and make adjustments

After implementing the chosen solution, it is crucial to evaluate its effectiveness. Assess whether the solution has successfully addressed the problem and achieved the desired outcomes. This evaluation can be done through various means such as surveys, feedback from stakeholders, or quantitative measurements.

If the solution did not produce the desired results, it’s important to make adjustments and improvements. This might involve revisiting the problem definition, analyzing the root causes more deeply, or even considering alternate solutions. Continuous improvement is key to success in problem-solving endeavors.

The Six-Step Problem Solving Model provides a systematic approach to addressing and resolving problems. By following these steps, individuals and teams can enhance their problem-solving skills and arrive at effective solutions. Remember to always start with a clear definition of the problem, analyze it thoroughly, generate potential solutions, select the best solution, implement it carefully, and evaluate the results before making adjustments. By applying this model, you can tackle complex problems with confidence and achieve success in your problem-solving endeavors.

Mastering the Six Step Problem Solving Model – A Step-by-Step Guide for Effective Solutions
Understanding AI Model Drift – Causes, Challenges, and Solutions
Understanding the UMI Channel Model – A Comprehensive Guide for Wireless Communication Professionals
Mastering the Art of Problem Solving – Six Simple Steps to Success

The Problem-Solving Process

Looking at the basic problem-solving process to help keep you on the right track.

By the Mind Tools Content Team

Problem-solving is an important part of planning and decision-making. The process has much in common with the decision-making process, and in the case of complex decisions, can form part of the process itself.

We face and solve problems every day, in a variety of guises and of differing complexity. Some, such as the resolution of a serious complaint, require a significant amount of time, thought and investigation. Others, such as a printer running out of paper, are so quickly resolved they barely register as a problem at all.

Despite the everyday occurrence of problems, many people lack confidence when it comes to solving them, and as a result may chose to stay with the status quo rather than tackle the issue. Broken down into steps, however, the problem-solving process is very simple. While there are many tools and techniques available to help us solve problems, the outline process remains the same.

The main stages of problem-solving are outlined below, though not all are required for every problem that needs to be solved.

1. Define the Problem

Clarify the problem before trying to solve it. A common mistake with problem-solving is to react to what the problem appears to be, rather than what it actually is. Write down a simple statement of the problem, and then underline the key words. Be certain there are no hidden assumptions in the key words you have underlined. One way of doing this is to use a synonym to replace the key words. For example, ‘We need to encourage higher productivity ’ might become ‘We need to promote superior output ’ which has a different meaning.

2. Analyze the Problem

Ask yourself, and others, the following questions.

Where is the problem occurring?
When is it occurring?
Why is it happening?

Be careful not to jump to ‘who is causing the problem?’. When stressed and faced with a problem it is all too easy to assign blame. This, however, can cause negative feeling and does not help to solve the problem. As an example, if an employee is underperforming, the root of the problem might lie in a number of areas, such as lack of training, workplace bullying or management style. To assign immediate blame to the employee would not therefore resolve the underlying issue.

Once the answers to the where, when and why have been determined, the following questions should also be asked:

Where can further information be found?
Is this information correct, up-to-date and unbiased?
What does this information mean in terms of the available options?

3. Generate Potential Solutions

When generating potential solutions it can be a good idea to have a mixture of ‘right brain’ and ‘left brain’ thinkers. In other words, some people who think laterally and some who think logically. This provides a balance in terms of generating the widest possible variety of solutions while also being realistic about what can be achieved. There are many tools and techniques which can help produce solutions, including thinking about the problem from a number of different perspectives, and brainstorming, where a team or individual write as many possibilities as they can think of to encourage lateral thinking and generate a broad range of potential solutions.

4. Select Best Solution

When selecting the best solution, consider:

Is this a long-term solution, or a ‘quick fix’?
Is the solution achievable in terms of available resources and time?
Are there any risks associated with the chosen solution?
Could the solution, in itself, lead to other problems?

This stage in particular demonstrates why problem-solving and decision-making are so closely related.

5. Take Action

In order to implement the chosen solution effectively, consider the following:

What will the situation look like when the problem is resolved?
What needs to be done to implement the solution? Are there systems or processes that need to be adjusted?
What will be the success indicators?
What are the timescales for the implementation? Does the scale of the problem/implementation require a project plan?
Who is responsible?

Once the answers to all the above questions are written down, they can form the basis of an action plan.

6. Monitor and Review

One of the most important factors in successful problem-solving is continual observation and feedback. Use the success indicators in the action plan to monitor progress on a regular basis. Is everything as expected? Is everything on schedule? Keep an eye on priorities and timelines to prevent them from slipping.

If the indicators are not being met, or if timescales are slipping, consider what can be done. Was the plan realistic? If so, are sufficient resources being made available? Are these resources targeting the correct part of the plan? Or does the plan need to be amended? Regular review and discussion of the action plan is important so small adjustments can be made on a regular basis to help keep everything on track.

Once all the indicators have been met and the problem has been resolved, consider what steps can now be taken to prevent this type of problem recurring? It may be that the chosen solution already prevents a recurrence, however if an interim or partial solution has been chosen it is important not to lose momentum.

Problems, by their very nature, will not always fit neatly into a structured problem-solving process. This process, therefore, is designed as a framework which can be adapted to individual needs and nature.

Join Mind Tools and get access to exclusive content.

This resource is only available to Mind Tools members.

Already a member? Please Login here

Get 30% off your first year of Mind Tools

Great teams begin with empowered leaders. Our tools and resources offer the support to let you flourish into leadership. Join today!

Sign-up to our newsletter

Subscribing to the Mind Tools newsletter will keep you up-to-date with our latest updates and newest resources.

Subscribe now

Business Skills

Personal Development

Leadership and Management

Member Extras

Discover something new today

Pain points podcast - starting a new job.

How to Hit the Ground Running!

Ten Dos and Don'ts of Career Conversations

How to talk to team members about their career aspirations.

How Emotionally Intelligent Are You?

Boosting Your People Skills

Self-Assessment

What's Your Leadership Style?

Learn About the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Way You Like to Lead

Recommended for you

Finance management.

Business Operations and Process Management

Strategy Tools

Customer Service

Business Ethics and Values

Handling Information and Data

Project Management

Knowledge Management

Self-Development and Goal Setting

Time Management

Presentation Skills

Learning Skills

Career Skills

Communication Skills

Negotiation, Persuasion and Influence

Working With Others

Difficult Conversations

Creativity Tools

Self-Management

Work-Life Balance

Stress Management and Wellbeing

Coaching and Mentoring

Change Management

Team Management

Managing Conflict

Delegation and Empowerment

Performance Management

Leadership Skills

Developing Your Team

Talent Management

Problem Solving

Decision Making

Member Podcast

The Six Step Problem Solving Model

What is The Six Step Problem Solving Model?

The Six Step Problem Solving Model is a widely recognized and effective approach to addressing and resolving complex problems in personal and professional settings. This model provides a structured and systematic process for analyzing, identifying, and resolving issues, making it an indispensable tool for individuals, teams, and organizations.

Problem-solving is the process of identifying and resolving issues or obstacles that hinder the attainment of a goal. It is a critical skill that is highly valued in both personal and professional settings.

Whether you are a business owner, an employee, or an individual, the ability to solve problems effectively is essential for success.

According to a report by the World Economic Forum, problem-solving, critical thinking, and creativity are among the top skills that will be in demand in the job market by 2025.

This highlights the importance of problem-solving as a skill in the professional world. However, problem-solving is not limited to the workplace, it is also crucial in everyday life.

For instance, when faced with a personal challenge or a difficult situation, the ability to identify and solve the problem is key to achieving a desirable outcome.

The Six Step Problem Solving Model was first introduced by Kepner and Tregoe in the 1960s, who were management consultants known for their work in the field of decision-making and problem-solving. They proposed a rational and logical approach that was based on a rigorous analysis of the problem and its underlying causes, followed by a deliberate and careful selection of solutions that would address the root cause of the problem.

Since then, the Six Step Problem Solving Model has been widely adopted and modified by many organizations and industries, and it continues to be a useful and effective tool for addressing complex issues in a structured and systematic manner.

In this article, we will explore each step of the model in detail and provide examples of how it can be applied in real-world situations.

I have listed below all Six Steps in detail:

Step 1: Identify The Problem

Identifying the problem is the first step in the Six-Step Problem Solving Model. This step is critical because it sets the foundation for the rest of the problem-solving process.

The four sub-steps of this stage include:

Selection of the problem to be analyzed

The first sub-step in this stage is to select the problem that needs to be analyzed. This could be any issue that is causing problems for your personal or professional life. It could be a product or service that is not meeting customer expectations, a process that is causing delays, or any other problem that needs to be addressed.

Clear definition of the problem and establishment of a precise problem statement

Once you have identified the problem to be analyzed, the next step is to define it clearly and establish a precise problem statement. This step involves defining the problem in clear and concise terms so that everyone involved in the problem-solving process understands the issue at hand.

For example, if the problem is related to product quality, the problem statement could be: “Our product is not meeting the quality standards expected by our customers, which is resulting in negative feedback and decreased sales.”

Setting a measurable goal for the problem-solving effort

After defining the problem, the next step is to set a measurable goal for the problem-solving effort. This goal should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound ( SMART ). The goal should be aligned with the overall objectives of the organization and should focus on addressing the root cause of the problem.

For example, if the problem is related to product quality, the goal could be: “To improve product quality by reducing defects by 50% within the next three months.”

Establishing a process for coordinating with and gaining approval of leadership

The final sub-step in this stage is to establish a process for coordinating with and gaining approval of leadership. This involves identifying the stakeholders who will be involved in the problem-solving process and obtaining their buy-in and support for the process.

For example, if the problem is related to product quality, the stakeholders could include the quality control team, production team, and senior management. It is important to involve all stakeholders in the process to ensure that everyone is aligned and committed to finding a solution to the problem.

Step 2: Analyze The Problem

Identification of the processes that impact the problem and selection of one.

To analyze the problem effectively, you need to identify the processes that impact the problem and select one. The selected process should be relevant to the problem and the one that can be analyzed to identify the root cause.

For example, if a company is experiencing a high employee turnover rate, the process that needs to be analyzed could be the hiring process, employee training process, or employee feedback process.

Listing the steps in the process as it currently exists

Once you have identified the process, you need to list all the steps in the process as it currently exists. This will help you identify where the problem is occurring and what steps need to be changed to solve the problem.

For instance, in the case of employee turnover rate, the steps in the hiring process could be job posting, resume screening, initial interview, background check, reference check, and final interview.

Mapping the process

After listing the steps, you need to map the process. This involves creating a visual representation of the process flow. Mapping the process helps in identifying the bottlenecks, redundancies, and inefficiencies in the process.

Validation of the map of the process

The next step is to validate the map of the process. This involves reviewing the map with the stakeholders involved in the process and confirming that it accurately represents the process flow.

Identification of potential causes of the problem

With the process map validated, the next step is to identify potential causes of the problem. This can be done by brainstorming with the stakeholders and identifying the areas where the process is not functioning effectively.

For instance, in the hiring process, potential causes of employee turnover rate could be a lack of a comprehensive background check, inadequate employee training, or poor job fit.

Collection and analysis of data related to the problem

After identifying potential causes, you need to collect and analyze data related to the problem. This can include employee feedback surveys, turnover data, job satisfaction data, and any other relevant data.

Verification or revision of the original problem statement

Based on the analysis, you may need to verify or revise the original problem statement. This ensures that the problem statement accurately reflects the problem being solved.

Identification of root causes of the problem

With the data analyzed, you can identify the root causes of the problem. Root causes are the underlying reasons why the problem is occurring.

For example, in the hiring process, the root cause of employee turnover could be the inadequate employee training, which leads to employees feeling unprepared for the job.

Collection of additional data if needed to verify root causes

To verify the root causes identified, you may need to collect additional data. This ensures that the solutions developed address the actual root cause of the problem, leading to long-term and sustainable solutions.

The second step of the Six Step Problem Solving Model is critical in identifying the root cause of the problem. By analyzing the process and identifying potential causes and root causes, you can develop effective solutions to solve the problem.

Step 3: Develop The Solutions

After identifying the root causes of the problem, it’s time to develop solutions. This step involves the following:

Establishment of criteria for selecting a solution

When selecting a solution, it’s important to establish criteria that will help in evaluating and selecting the best solution. The criteria should be measurable, objective, and specific to the problem. Some criteria that can be used include:

Feasibility: Can the solution be implemented with the available resources?
Effectiveness: Will the solution solve the problem?
Cost: Is the cost of the solution within the budget?
Time: Will the solution be implemented within the required time frame?

Generation of potential solutions that will address the root causes of the problem

Brainstorming is a great way to generate potential solutions. Gather a team of individuals who are knowledgeable about the problem and its root causes. Encourage them to think creatively and come up with as many potential solutions as possible. It’s important to involve stakeholders who will be affected by the solution in the brainstorming process to ensure that their concerns are considered.

Use any of the 12 techniques of brainstorming from our brainstorming toolbox .

Selection of a solution

Once potential solutions have been generated, it’s time to select the best one. Use the established criteria to evaluate each solution and determine which one is the best fit. It’s important to involve stakeholders in the selection process to ensure buy-in and support for the chosen solution.

Gaining approval and support for the chosen solution

Before implementing the solution, it’s important to gain approval and support from leadership and other stakeholders. Present the chosen solution and its benefits to the decision-makers, and address any concerns they may have. Get their approval and support before moving forward with implementation.

Planning the solution

After gaining approval, it’s time to plan the solution. This involves creating an action plan that outlines the steps needed to implement the solution, who will be responsible for each step, and when each step will be completed. It’s important to have a realistic timeline and to involve all stakeholders in the planning process. Ensure that resources are available for implementation, and that all necessary training and communication plans are in place.

Step 4: Implement A Solution

Once the solution has been selected and approved, it’s time to put the plan into action. This step involves implementing the chosen solution on a trial or pilot basis to see how it performs. Here are the key components of this step:

Implementation of the chosen solution on a trial or pilot basis

Before implementing the solution fully, it’s important to test it out on a smaller scale to see how it works. This allows you to identify any potential problems or issues and make adjustments as needed. By implementing the solution on a trial or pilot basis, you can ensure that it will work effectively when it’s rolled out more broadly.

If the Problem Solving Process is being used as a standalone, continue to Step 5

If the Six Step Problem Solving Model is being used as a standalone process, it’s time to move on to Step 5, which involves evaluating the results of the solution. This step is critical to ensure that the solution is working as intended and achieving the desired results.

Step 5: Evaluate The Results

Gathering of data on the solution.

Once the chosen solution has been implemented, it is important to gather data on its effectiveness. This data can come in various forms, such as customer feedback, sales figures, or productivity metrics. The key is to gather enough data to make an informed decision about the success or failure of the solution.

Analysis of the data on the solution

After collecting the necessary data, it is important to analyze it thoroughly to determine whether or not the solution has achieved the desired results. This analysis can involve statistical methods, surveys, or other evaluation techniques. The goal is to determine whether or not the solution has been successful and to identify any areas where improvements can be made.

Achievement of the desired results?

Based on the analysis of the data, it is necessary to determine whether or not the solution has achieved the desired results. This can involve comparing the actual results to the goals established in Step 1, or it can involve evaluating the overall impact of the solution on the organization or individual.

If YES, go to Step 6.

If the solution has achieved the desired results, it is time to move on to Step 6. This step involves standardizing the solution and capitalizing on any new opportunities that may have arisen as a result of the problem-solving process.

If NO, go back to Step 1.

If the solution has not achieved the desired results, it is necessary to go back to Step 1 and repeat the problem-solving process. This may involve refining the problem statement, identifying new potential causes, or generating new potential solutions. The key is to remain flexible and open to new ideas throughout the problem-solving process.

Step 6: Standardize The Solution (and Capitalize on New Opportunities)

Once the solution has been implemented and evaluated, it’s time to standardize the solution and capitalize on new opportunities. This step involves making sure that the solution is integrated into the organization’s standard operating procedures and that everyone involved knows how to use it effectively.

Identification of Systemic Changes and Training Needs for Full Implementation

When identifying systemic changes, it’s important to look at how the solution fits into the larger context of the organization. This includes looking at processes, policies, and procedures to see where changes need to be made to fully implement the solution.

Training is also crucial in the standardization process. Employees need to know how to use the solution properly and effectively. This can include training on new processes, tools, and technologies.

Adoption of the Solution

Once the solution has been standardized, it’s time to adopt it fully. This means integrating it into the organization’s operations and ensuring that everyone is using it consistently. This can involve making changes to job descriptions, updating policies and procedures, and making sure that everyone has the necessary tools and resources to use the solution effectively.

Planning Ongoing Monitoring of the Solution

Even after the solution has been adopted, it’s important to continue monitoring its effectiveness. This can involve setting up monitoring and reporting systems to track progress and identify areas for improvement. Regular review meetings can also help to keep the solution on track and ensure that it is meeting the organization’s goals and objectives.

Continuing to Look for Incremental Improvements to Refine the Solution

While the solution may have solved the initial problem, there is always room for improvement. This can involve looking for ways to make the solution more efficient, effective, or user-friendly. This can include gathering feedback from employees and customers, analyzing data to identify areas for improvement, and looking for ways to optimize processes and procedures.

Looking for Another Improvement Opportunity

Finally, it’s important to keep looking for new improvement opportunities. The Six Step Problem Solving Model is an iterative process, and there is always room for improvement. This can involve looking at other areas of the organization that could benefit from problem-solving and using the same process to identify and implement solutions.

In conclusion, the six-step problem-solving model is an effective approach for addressing problems and making improvements in personal and professional settings. The model involves identifying the problem, analyzing it, developing solutions, implementing the solution, evaluating the results, and standardizing the solution.

To summarize, the six steps of problem-solving include:

Identify the problem
Analyze the problem
Develop the solutions
Implement the solution
Evaluate the results
Standardize the solution (and capitalize on new opportunities)

Problem-solving and continuous improvement are critical skills for personal and professional growth.

By utilizing this model, individuals and organizations can become more efficient, productive, and effective in addressing challenges and achieving their goals.

American Society for Quality. (2019). Root Cause Analysis .
Hames, S. (2017). The 5 Whys Method
Fass, M. (2020). The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process. Harvard Business Review .
The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process by the University of California, San Francisco
The Importance of Problem-Solving Skills in the Workplace by The Balance Careers.

Marty Hoffman

Situational Theory – Leadership

People management skills, coaching skills: unlock your team’s potential, sirota’s three-factor theory of employee motivation.

NYFPS | FPSONLINE | VOLUNTEER | DONATE |

Six Steps Demystified

The six-step approach offers a framework for creative problem solving. Although each step is critical, it is important that participants don't forget that conducting RESEARCH on a topic sets up a strong foundation. Being knowledgeable about a topic allows for better understanding of the bigger picture and is a key part of identifying problems as well as generating solutions. Successful problem solvers always have conducted research on the topic.

There are two essential Pre-Steps before starting the six-step process.

Research the topic

Read and analyze the future scene

Underlying Problem

Evaluate Solutions

Action Plan

Develop an Action Plan

The solution idea (which receives the highest total from STEP 5) is described in detail within the action plan. Develop your action plan by relating the idea back to the U.P. Demonstrate how your action plan will achieve what you set out to accomplish in STEP 2 (the KVP and Purpose).

Tips:

Explain in detail the who, what, how why, where, and when of your action plan. Who will carry out the plan or be involved? What will be done to solve the problem? When will the results begin and will it continue? Where will the plan be implemented? Why will this idea positively impact the future scene? How will the action plan be carried out? How does it positively impact the U.P.?

New facts to your action plan may be added, as long as each addition represents a subpart of your action plan.

Sample Format: One approach might be to write five complete paragraphs in elaboration of your action plan.

An overview of the plans steps and stages of implementation ( Who and What ).

Discuss the reasons or logic behind the solution being the best choice ( Why and How the plan solves every aspect of the U.P.).

Discuss potential roadblocks or challenges that will likely confront this action plan, along with ideas or actions for overcoming these obstacles.

Highlight the strengths which Action Plan possess.

Underscore the many positive impacts that the action plan will provide to the whole situation described in the future scene. Provide a justification ( Why and How ) for each positive impact and benefit derived from the implementation of the action plan.

Produce Solution Ideas to the Underlying Problem

Solutions are detailed plans to solve all aspects of the team’s U.P.

Elaborate by indicating WHO will implement the solution idea, WHAT will be done, HOW the solution idea will work, and WHY the solution idea will solve the KVP and Purpose of the U.P.

Elements of the future should be incorporated within these action proposals by utilizing new or special technologies, methods, or procedures that would be effective.

Solution ideas are to be stated as definite proposals (e.g. "will").

Incorporate futuristic aspects in your writing of the solution idea.

Attempt to produce solutions for every relevant category of thought for the future scene as possible.

Generate and Select Criteria to Evaluate Solution Ideas

Brainstorm criteria that question the creative potential and importance of solution ideas. Create criteria which will measure the comparative quality (relevance and/or validity) of your STEP 3 solutions.

Only identify one concern/dimension with each criterion. Avoid the use of "and" in a criterion.

It is helpful to include superlatives words (e.g. least, most, greatest, fewest, etc.).

You can create advanced criteria by considering various aspects of the future scene or your U.P. (KVP or Purpose) within a criterion.

Include the phrase, "which solution will" and phrase each in the form of a question.

Identify Challenges Related to the Topic or Future Scene

Challenges note important concerns, problems, issues, or challenges that have a strong possibility of occurring within the future scene.

Written in statement form.

Stated in terms of possibility (e.g. may, could, might).

Must have relation to the future scene by containing terms or phrases that describe the topic, place, and/or individuals detailed in the future scene.

Challenges may either cause the future scene or result from the future scene.

Explain WHAT the challenge is, WHY it is a challenge, and HOW it relates to the future scene.

Phrase your challenges as cause and effect logic statements.

Attempt to find as many challenges as you can for every relevant category of thought for the future scene (about 12 categories should be your goal).

Incorporate ideas or concepts found during your research when writing the selected challenges from your group’s brainstorming whenever possible.

Select an Underlying Problem

The Underlying Problem (U.P.) is a statement of the most important challenge identified in STEP 1. The selected challenge, if solved, might solve many of the other challenges identified in the Future Scene. A challenge causing other concerns to occur in the scenario is much preferred as the U.P. rather than a challenge resulting from the future scene’s situation.

How To Structure A U.P.: A U.P. should be stated in one question containing the following five basic components.

Condition Phrase: A beginning sentence that describes the most significant challenge selected from STEP 1 that may be causing many other challenges in the future scene. The conditions should describe an effect and a cause arising from the future scene. The conditions are the impetus for the area of concern that the team has chosen for their solution finding. Since and due to (or because) could be a format used to write the condition phrase.

Stem: Phrased as "How might we" or "In what ways might we"

Key Verb Phrase (KVP): One main verb which is active, descriptive, and clear which describes the action that must be done to solve the problem.

Purpose: The what you aim to accomplish by doing the Key Verb Phrase.

Future Scene Parameters (FSP): The geographic location, time, and topic described within the future scene.

The U.P. should address only one issue (one action in the KVP and one goal in the Purpose).

The action stated in your KVP should be clear and the goal or outcome described in your Purpose should be measurable.

Evaluate Solution Ideas to Determine the Better Action Plan

Select your 8 most promising solution ideas and list them in the 8 solution idea blanks of the grid. If you have fewer than 8, list them all. Rank order your solution ideas from 8 (best) to 1 (least effective) relative to each criterion from STEP 4. Ensure that you use each number between 8 and 1 only once in each vertical column. Sum the ratings across the grid to total the ranks given to each solution. The solution with the highest total rank is the solution used to develop your action plan in STEP 6.

It is always helpful to familiarize yourself with the six steps by looking at the full blank booklet and understanding how evaluators review each step through the GIPS Evaluation Scoresheet which can also be found under at the Virtual Center .

The GIPS Key Tips packet found under at the Virtual Center offers more in-depth explanation of each step. If you have any questions about the six steps never hesitate to reach out to our Evaluation Director, so we can offer more insight. Always remember to review the evaluators' scoresheet after each submission and read the feedback which can offer advice on how to further improve.

Explore GIPS Downloadable Resources

REGISTER TO PARTICIPATE TODAY

Start Your Journey To Solve Future Problems

Scenario Writing

Global issues, competitive components, register now, how to start, non-competitive option, get involved, competitions, program areas, call to action, media coverage, our commitment, discover more, about nyfps, mission & values.

Registration Form

How to get started, why be an advisor, inspire the future, on-site training, fps value-add, the classroom, integrate fps into your teaching, six-step method, create parental buy-in, parents' guide, fps pedagogy.

Team/Club Tools

Program info, virtual center, competition info and resources, annual topics, component info, quick access, scholarship.

Six Steps to Effective Problem Solving Within Organizations

Dr. Nancy Zentis
March 20, 2015

SHARE THIS POST

Managers and their subordinates sometimes lack the problem-solving skills necessary to move things forward within their organizations. Luckily, OD process consulting focused towards problem solving training can be an effective antidote to this, as it helps in building critical skills to handle a possible deadlock.

Problem solving training is an intervention tool that helps managers and employees develop critical thinking skills to sharpen their logic, reasoning, and problem-defining capability. Problem solving training also helps develop abilities to evaluate causation, analyze alternatives, and select and execute solutions. This training is an integral part of organizational efforts to introducing quality management programs as it helps define a process to manage problems.

In this article, we will introduce the six-step problem solving process defined by Edgar Schein, so that teams trained in this can find the best solution to a problem and create an action plan.

Why Use a Problem Solving Process?

Since problems can be many and root causes hidden, it may take an extended period of time to come to a solution. Developing a team to help search for answers and formulating a decision is advantageous to improving organizational quality and efficiency.

OD Problem Solving Process based on Edgar H. Schein’s Approach

OD expert, Edgar Schein along with other OD experts suggested that a process that helps in problem-solving, steers groups to successful outcomes. Schein’s approach is presented in a model that investigates problem definition, brainstorming, group decision-making, idea development, action planning, and assessment.

As an OD consultant, you can use this process to improve communication, strengthen group cohesion, and make effective decisions.

Problem Definition . Identify problems through problem formulation and questioning. The key is asking the right questions to discover root causes.
Brainstorming . During this process, assumptions are uncovered and underlying problems are further revealed. Also, this is an opportunity to collect and analyze data.
Selection . Decisions are made within the group to determine the appropriate solution and process through creative selection .
Development . Once the group has formed solutions and alternatives to the problem(s), they need to explore the pros and cons of each option through forecasting consequences .
Action Planning . Develop an action plan to implement and execute the solution process.
Assessment . This final stage requires an evaluation of the outcomes and results of the solution process. Ask questions such as: Did the option answer the questions we were working on? Did this process address the findings that came out of the assumptions?

This process makes group problem solving in projects and meetings agreeable, action-oriented, and productive. Without a process, it can become challenging for teams or groups to create the best solutions and establish a plan of action.

Do tell us about the problem solving methods you use within your organization. We would love to hear from you.

Reference: Schein, E.H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership, (Vol 2). John Wiley & Sons.

About the Author: Valamere S. Mikler is the founder and principal consultant of V.S.M. Professional Services and Consulting, a consulting firm providing organizational efficiency and administrative office management services. She can be reached at [email protected] .

Additional Information: The Institute of Organization Development offers certification in OD Process Consulting. You can become certified as an OD Process Consultant and play an important role as a partner to make the organization more effective and help to align organizational changes with the strategy, culture, structure, systems, skills, and people. To learn more or register, please check out our website: www. instituteod.com or email us at [email protected].

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER

The Art of Effective Problem Solving: A Step-by-Step Guide
Learn Lean Sigma
Problem Solving

Whether we realise it or not, problem solving skills are an important part of our daily lives. From resolving a minor annoyance at home to tackling complex business challenges at work, our ability to solve problems has a significant impact on our success and happiness. However, not everyone is naturally gifted at problem-solving, and even those who are can always improve their skills. In this blog post, we will go over the art of effective problem-solving step by step.

You will learn how to define a problem, gather information, assess alternatives, and implement a solution, all while honing your critical thinking and creative problem-solving skills. Whether you’re a seasoned problem solver or just getting started, this guide will arm you with the knowledge and tools you need to face any challenge with confidence. So let’s get started!

Problem solving methodologies.

Individuals and organisations can use a variety of problem-solving methodologies to address complex challenges. 8D and A3 problem solving techniques are two popular methodologies in the Lean Six Sigma framework.

Methodology of 8D (Eight Discipline) Problem Solving:

The 8D problem solving methodology is a systematic, team-based approach to problem solving. It is a method that guides a team through eight distinct steps to solve a problem in a systematic and comprehensive manner.

The 8D process consists of the following steps:

Form a team: Assemble a group of people who have the necessary expertise to work on the problem.
Define the issue: Clearly identify and define the problem, including the root cause and the customer impact.
Create a temporary containment plan: Put in place a plan to lessen the impact of the problem until a permanent solution can be found.
Identify the root cause: To identify the underlying causes of the problem, use root cause analysis techniques such as Fishbone diagrams and Pareto charts.
Create and test long-term corrective actions: Create and test a long-term solution to eliminate the root cause of the problem.
Implement and validate the permanent solution: Implement and validate the permanent solution’s effectiveness.
Prevent recurrence: Put in place measures to keep the problem from recurring.
Recognize and reward the team: Recognize and reward the team for its efforts.

Download the 8D Problem Solving Template

A3 Problem Solving Method:

The A3 problem solving technique is a visual, team-based problem-solving approach that is frequently used in Lean Six Sigma projects. The A3 report is a one-page document that clearly and concisely outlines the problem, root cause analysis, and proposed solution.

The A3 problem-solving procedure consists of the following steps:

Determine the issue: Define the issue clearly, including its impact on the customer.
Perform root cause analysis: Identify the underlying causes of the problem using root cause analysis techniques.
Create and implement a solution: Create and implement a solution that addresses the problem’s root cause.
Monitor and improve the solution: Keep an eye on the solution’s effectiveness and make any necessary changes.

Subsequently, in the Lean Six Sigma framework, the 8D and A3 problem solving methodologies are two popular approaches to problem solving. Both methodologies provide a structured, team-based problem-solving approach that guides individuals through a comprehensive and systematic process of identifying, analysing, and resolving problems in an effective and efficient manner.

Step 1 – Define the Problem

The definition of the problem is the first step in effective problem solving. This may appear to be a simple task, but it is actually quite difficult. This is because problems are frequently complex and multi-layered, making it easy to confuse symptoms with the underlying cause. To avoid this pitfall, it is critical to thoroughly understand the problem.

To begin, ask yourself some clarifying questions:

What exactly is the issue?
What are the problem’s symptoms or consequences?
Who or what is impacted by the issue?
When and where does the issue arise?

Answering these questions will assist you in determining the scope of the problem. However, simply describing the problem is not always sufficient; you must also identify the root cause. The root cause is the underlying cause of the problem and is usually the key to resolving it permanently.

Try asking “why” questions to find the root cause:

What causes the problem?
Why does it continue?
Why does it have the effects that it does?

By repeatedly asking “ why ,” you’ll eventually get to the bottom of the problem. This is an important step in the problem-solving process because it ensures that you’re dealing with the root cause rather than just the symptoms.

Once you have a firm grasp on the issue, it is time to divide it into smaller, more manageable chunks. This makes tackling the problem easier and reduces the risk of becoming overwhelmed. For example, if you’re attempting to solve a complex business problem, you might divide it into smaller components like market research, product development, and sales strategies.

To summarise step 1, defining the problem is an important first step in effective problem-solving. You will be able to identify the root cause and break it down into manageable parts if you take the time to thoroughly understand the problem. This will prepare you for the next step in the problem-solving process, which is gathering information and brainstorming ideas.

Step 2 – Gather Information and Brainstorm Ideas

Gathering information and brainstorming ideas is the next step in effective problem solving. This entails researching the problem and relevant information, collaborating with others, and coming up with a variety of potential solutions. This increases your chances of finding the best solution to the problem.

Begin by researching the problem and relevant information. This could include reading articles, conducting surveys, or consulting with experts. The goal is to collect as much information as possible in order to better understand the problem and possible solutions.

Next, work with others to gather a variety of perspectives. Brainstorming with others can be an excellent way to come up with new and creative ideas. Encourage everyone to share their thoughts and ideas when working in a group, and make an effort to actively listen to what others have to say. Be open to new and unconventional ideas and resist the urge to dismiss them too quickly.

Finally, use brainstorming to generate a wide range of potential solutions. This is the place where you can let your imagination run wild. At this stage, don’t worry about the feasibility or practicality of the solutions; instead, focus on generating as many ideas as possible. Write down everything that comes to mind, no matter how ridiculous or unusual it may appear. This can be done individually or in groups.

Once you’ve compiled a list of potential solutions, it’s time to assess them and select the best one. This is the next step in the problem-solving process, which we’ll go over in greater detail in the following section.

Step 3 – Evaluate Options and Choose the Best Solution

Once you’ve compiled a list of potential solutions, it’s time to assess them and select the best one. This is the third step in effective problem solving, and it entails weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, considering their feasibility and practicability, and selecting the solution that is most likely to solve the problem effectively.

To begin, weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each solution. This will assist you in determining the potential outcomes of each solution and deciding which is the best option. For example, a quick and easy solution may not be the most effective in the long run, whereas a more complex and time-consuming solution may be more effective in solving the problem in the long run.

Consider each solution’s feasibility and practicability. Consider the following:

Can the solution be implemented within the available resources, time, and budget?
What are the possible barriers to implementing the solution?
Is the solution feasible in today’s political, economic, and social environment?

You’ll be able to tell which solutions are likely to succeed and which aren’t by assessing their feasibility and practicability.

Finally, choose the solution that is most likely to effectively solve the problem. This solution should be based on the criteria you’ve established, such as the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, their feasibility and practicability, and your overall goals.

It is critical to remember that there is no one-size-fits-all solution to problems. What is effective for one person or situation may not be effective for another. This is why it is critical to consider a wide range of solutions and evaluate each one based on its ability to effectively solve the problem.

Step 4 – Implement and Monitor the Solution

When you’ve decided on the best solution, it’s time to put it into action. The fourth and final step in effective problem solving is to put the solution into action, monitor its progress, and make any necessary adjustments.

To begin, implement the solution. This may entail delegating tasks, developing a strategy, and allocating resources. Ascertain that everyone involved understands their role and responsibilities in the solution’s implementation.

Next, keep an eye on the solution’s progress. This may entail scheduling regular check-ins, tracking metrics, and soliciting feedback from others. You will be able to identify any potential roadblocks and make any necessary adjustments in a timely manner if you monitor the progress of the solution.

Finally, make any necessary modifications to the solution. This could entail changing the solution, altering the plan of action, or delegating different tasks. Be willing to make changes if they will improve the solution or help it solve the problem more effectively.

It’s important to remember that problem solving is an iterative process, and there may be times when you need to start from scratch. This is especially true if the initial solution does not effectively solve the problem. In these situations, it’s critical to be adaptable and flexible and to keep trying new solutions until you find the one that works best.

To summarise, effective problem solving is a critical skill that can assist individuals and organisations in overcoming challenges and achieving their objectives. Effective problem solving consists of four key steps: defining the problem, generating potential solutions, evaluating alternatives and selecting the best solution, and implementing the solution.

You can increase your chances of success in problem solving by following these steps and considering factors such as the pros and cons of each solution, their feasibility and practicability, and making any necessary adjustments. Furthermore, keep in mind that problem solving is an iterative process, and there may be times when you need to go back to the beginning and restart. Maintain your adaptability and try new solutions until you find the one that works best for you.

Novick, L.R. and Bassok, M., 2005. Problem Solving . Cambridge University Press.

Daniel Croft

Daniel Croft is a seasoned continuous improvement manager with a Black Belt in Lean Six Sigma. With over 10 years of real-world application experience across diverse sectors, Daniel has a passion for optimizing processes and fostering a culture of efficiency. He's not just a practitioner but also an avid learner, constantly seeking to expand his knowledge. Outside of his professional life, Daniel has a keen Investing, statistics and knowledge-sharing, which led him to create the website learnleansigma.com, a platform dedicated to Lean Six Sigma and process improvement insights.

Fishbone Diagram Or 5 Whys Analysis: Which Should You Use?

8d (8 disciplines), free lean six sigma templates.

Improve your Lean Six Sigma projects with our free templates. They're designed to make implementation and management easier, helping you achieve better results.

5S Floor Marking Best Practices

In lean manufacturing, the 5S System is a foundational tool, involving the steps: Sort, Set…

How to Measure the ROI of Continuous Improvement Initiatives

When it comes to business, knowing the value you’re getting for your money is crucial,…

8D Problem-Solving: Common Mistakes to Avoid

In today’s competitive business landscape, effective problem-solving is the cornerstone of organizational success. The 8D…

The Evolution of 8D Problem-Solving: From Basics to Excellence

In a world where efficiency and effectiveness are more than just buzzwords, the need for…

8D: Tools and Techniques

Are you grappling with recurring problems in your organization and searching for a structured way…

How to Select the Right Lean Six Sigma Projects: A Comprehensive Guide

Going on a Lean Six Sigma journey is an invigorating experience filled with opportunities for…

Bipolar Disorder
Therapy Center
When To See a Therapist
Types of Therapy
Best Online Therapy
Best Couples Therapy
Best Family Therapy
Managing Stress
Sleep and Dreaming
Understanding Emotions
Self-Improvement
Healthy Relationships
Student Resources
Personality Types
Guided Meditations
Verywell Mind Insights
2024 Verywell Mind 25
Mental Health in the Classroom
Editorial Process
Meet Our Review Board
Crisis Support

Overview of the Problem-Solving Mental Process

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Rachel Goldman, PhD FTOS, is a licensed psychologist, clinical assistant professor, speaker, wellness expert specializing in eating behaviors, stress management, and health behavior change.

Identify the Problem
Define the Problem
Form a Strategy
Organize Information
Allocate Resources
Monitor Progress
Evaluate the Results

Frequently Asked Questions

Problem-solving is a mental process that involves discovering, analyzing, and solving problems. The ultimate goal of problem-solving is to overcome obstacles and find a solution that best resolves the issue.

The best strategy for solving a problem depends largely on the unique situation. In some cases, people are better off learning everything they can about the issue and then using factual knowledge to come up with a solution. In other instances, creativity and insight are the best options.

It is not necessary to follow problem-solving steps sequentially, It is common to skip steps or even go back through steps multiple times until the desired solution is reached.

In order to correctly solve a problem, it is often important to follow a series of steps. Researchers sometimes refer to this as the problem-solving cycle. While this cycle is portrayed sequentially, people rarely follow a rigid series of steps to find a solution.

The following steps include developing strategies and organizing knowledge.

1. Identifying the Problem

While it may seem like an obvious step, identifying the problem is not always as simple as it sounds. In some cases, people might mistakenly identify the wrong source of a problem, which will make attempts to solve it inefficient or even useless.

Some strategies that you might use to figure out the source of a problem include :

Asking questions about the problem
Breaking the problem down into smaller pieces
Looking at the problem from different perspectives
Conducting research to figure out what relationships exist between different variables

2. Defining the Problem

After the problem has been identified, it is important to fully define the problem so that it can be solved. You can define a problem by operationally defining each aspect of the problem and setting goals for what aspects of the problem you will address

At this point, you should focus on figuring out which aspects of the problems are facts and which are opinions. State the problem clearly and identify the scope of the solution.

3. Forming a Strategy

After the problem has been identified, it is time to start brainstorming potential solutions. This step usually involves generating as many ideas as possible without judging their quality. Once several possibilities have been generated, they can be evaluated and narrowed down.

The next step is to develop a strategy to solve the problem. The approach used will vary depending upon the situation and the individual's unique preferences. Common problem-solving strategies include heuristics and algorithms.

Heuristics are mental shortcuts that are often based on solutions that have worked in the past. They can work well if the problem is similar to something you have encountered before and are often the best choice if you need a fast solution.
Algorithms are step-by-step strategies that are guaranteed to produce a correct result. While this approach is great for accuracy, it can also consume time and resources.

Heuristics are often best used when time is of the essence, while algorithms are a better choice when a decision needs to be as accurate as possible.

4. Organizing Information

Before coming up with a solution, you need to first organize the available information. What do you know about the problem? What do you not know? The more information that is available the better prepared you will be to come up with an accurate solution.

When approaching a problem, it is important to make sure that you have all the data you need. Making a decision without adequate information can lead to biased or inaccurate results.

5. Allocating Resources

Of course, we don't always have unlimited money, time, and other resources to solve a problem. Before you begin to solve a problem, you need to determine how high priority it is.

If it is an important problem, it is probably worth allocating more resources to solving it. If, however, it is a fairly unimportant problem, then you do not want to spend too much of your available resources on coming up with a solution.

At this stage, it is important to consider all of the factors that might affect the problem at hand. This includes looking at the available resources, deadlines that need to be met, and any possible risks involved in each solution. After careful evaluation, a decision can be made about which solution to pursue.

6. Monitoring Progress

After selecting a problem-solving strategy, it is time to put the plan into action and see if it works. This step might involve trying out different solutions to see which one is the most effective.

It is also important to monitor the situation after implementing a solution to ensure that the problem has been solved and that no new problems have arisen as a result of the proposed solution.

Effective problem-solvers tend to monitor their progress as they work towards a solution. If they are not making good progress toward reaching their goal, they will reevaluate their approach or look for new strategies .

7. Evaluating the Results

After a solution has been reached, it is important to evaluate the results to determine if it is the best possible solution to the problem. This evaluation might be immediate, such as checking the results of a math problem to ensure the answer is correct, or it can be delayed, such as evaluating the success of a therapy program after several months of treatment.

Once a problem has been solved, it is important to take some time to reflect on the process that was used and evaluate the results. This will help you to improve your problem-solving skills and become more efficient at solving future problems.

A Word From Verywell

It is important to remember that there are many different problem-solving processes with different steps, and this is just one example. Problem-solving in real-world situations requires a great deal of resourcefulness, flexibility, resilience, and continuous interaction with the environment.

Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast

Hosted by therapist Amy Morin, LCSW, this episode of The Verywell Mind Podcast shares how you can stop dwelling in a negative mindset.

Follow Now : Apple Podcasts / Spotify / Google Podcasts

You can become a better problem solving by:

Practicing brainstorming and coming up with multiple potential solutions to problems
Being open-minded and considering all possible options before making a decision
Breaking down problems into smaller, more manageable pieces
Asking for help when needed
Researching different problem-solving techniques and trying out new ones
Learning from mistakes and using them as opportunities to grow

It's important to communicate openly and honestly with your partner about what's going on. Try to see things from their perspective as well as your own. Work together to find a resolution that works for both of you. Be willing to compromise and accept that there may not be a perfect solution.

Take breaks if things are getting too heated, and come back to the problem when you feel calm and collected. Don't try to fix every problem on your own—consider asking a therapist or counselor for help and insight.

If you've tried everything and there doesn't seem to be a way to fix the problem, you may have to learn to accept it. This can be difficult, but try to focus on the positive aspects of your life and remember that every situation is temporary. Don't dwell on what's going wrong—instead, think about what's going right. Find support by talking to friends or family. Seek professional help if you're having trouble coping.

Davidson JE, Sternberg RJ, editors. The Psychology of Problem Solving . Cambridge University Press; 2003. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511615771

Sarathy V. Real world problem-solving . Front Hum Neurosci . 2018;12:261. Published 2018 Jun 26. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00261

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

What is Problem Solving? (Steps, Techniques, Examples)

By Status.net Editorial Team on May 7, 2023 — 5 minutes to read

What Is Problem Solving?

Definition and importance.

Problem solving is the process of finding solutions to obstacles or challenges you encounter in your life or work. It is a crucial skill that allows you to tackle complex situations, adapt to changes, and overcome difficulties with ease. Mastering this ability will contribute to both your personal and professional growth, leading to more successful outcomes and better decision-making.

Problem-Solving Steps

The problem-solving process typically includes the following steps:

Identify the issue : Recognize the problem that needs to be solved.
Analyze the situation : Examine the issue in depth, gather all relevant information, and consider any limitations or constraints that may be present.
Generate potential solutions : Brainstorm a list of possible solutions to the issue, without immediately judging or evaluating them.
Evaluate options : Weigh the pros and cons of each potential solution, considering factors such as feasibility, effectiveness, and potential risks.
Select the best solution : Choose the option that best addresses the problem and aligns with your objectives.
Implement the solution : Put the selected solution into action and monitor the results to ensure it resolves the issue.
Review and learn : Reflect on the problem-solving process, identify any improvements or adjustments that can be made, and apply these learnings to future situations.

Defining the Problem

To start tackling a problem, first, identify and understand it. Analyzing the issue thoroughly helps to clarify its scope and nature. Ask questions to gather information and consider the problem from various angles. Some strategies to define the problem include:

Brainstorming with others
Asking the 5 Ws and 1 H (Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How)
Analyzing cause and effect
Creating a problem statement

Generating Solutions

Once the problem is clearly understood, brainstorm possible solutions. Think creatively and keep an open mind, as well as considering lessons from past experiences. Consider:

Creating a list of potential ideas to solve the problem
Grouping and categorizing similar solutions
Prioritizing potential solutions based on feasibility, cost, and resources required
Involving others to share diverse opinions and inputs

Evaluating and Selecting Solutions

Evaluate each potential solution, weighing its pros and cons. To facilitate decision-making, use techniques such as:

SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats)
Decision-making matrices
Pros and cons lists
Risk assessments

After evaluating, choose the most suitable solution based on effectiveness, cost, and time constraints.

Implementing and Monitoring the Solution

Implement the chosen solution and monitor its progress. Key actions include:

Communicating the solution to relevant parties
Setting timelines and milestones
Assigning tasks and responsibilities
Monitoring the solution and making adjustments as necessary
Evaluating the effectiveness of the solution after implementation

Utilize feedback from stakeholders and consider potential improvements. Remember that problem-solving is an ongoing process that can always be refined and enhanced.

Problem-Solving Techniques

During each step, you may find it helpful to utilize various problem-solving techniques, such as:

Brainstorming : A free-flowing, open-minded session where ideas are generated and listed without judgment, to encourage creativity and innovative thinking.
Root cause analysis : A method that explores the underlying causes of a problem to find the most effective solution rather than addressing superficial symptoms.
SWOT analysis : A tool used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to a problem or decision, providing a comprehensive view of the situation.
Mind mapping : A visual technique that uses diagrams to organize and connect ideas, helping to identify patterns, relationships, and possible solutions.

Brainstorming

When facing a problem, start by conducting a brainstorming session. Gather your team and encourage an open discussion where everyone contributes ideas, no matter how outlandish they may seem. This helps you:

Generate a diverse range of solutions
Encourage all team members to participate
Foster creative thinking

When brainstorming, remember to:

Reserve judgment until the session is over
Encourage wild ideas
Combine and improve upon ideas

Root Cause Analysis

For effective problem-solving, identifying the root cause of the issue at hand is crucial. Try these methods:

5 Whys : Ask “why” five times to get to the underlying cause.
Fishbone Diagram : Create a diagram representing the problem and break it down into categories of potential causes.
Pareto Analysis : Determine the few most significant causes underlying the majority of problems.

SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis helps you examine the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats related to your problem. To perform a SWOT analysis:

List your problem’s strengths, such as relevant resources or strong partnerships.
Identify its weaknesses, such as knowledge gaps or limited resources.
Explore opportunities, like trends or new technologies, that could help solve the problem.
Recognize potential threats, like competition or regulatory barriers.

SWOT analysis aids in understanding the internal and external factors affecting the problem, which can help guide your solution.

Mind Mapping

A mind map is a visual representation of your problem and potential solutions. It enables you to organize information in a structured and intuitive manner. To create a mind map:

Write the problem in the center of a blank page.
Draw branches from the central problem to related sub-problems or contributing factors.
Add more branches to represent potential solutions or further ideas.

Mind mapping allows you to visually see connections between ideas and promotes creativity in problem-solving.

Examples of Problem Solving in Various Contexts

In the business world, you might encounter problems related to finances, operations, or communication. Applying problem-solving skills in these situations could look like:

Identifying areas of improvement in your company’s financial performance and implementing cost-saving measures
Resolving internal conflicts among team members by listening and understanding different perspectives, then proposing and negotiating solutions
Streamlining a process for better productivity by removing redundancies, automating tasks, or re-allocating resources

In educational contexts, problem-solving can be seen in various aspects, such as:

Addressing a gap in students’ understanding by employing diverse teaching methods to cater to different learning styles
Developing a strategy for successful time management to balance academic responsibilities and extracurricular activities
Seeking resources and support to provide equal opportunities for learners with special needs or disabilities

Everyday life is full of challenges that require problem-solving skills. Some examples include:

Overcoming a personal obstacle, such as improving your fitness level, by establishing achievable goals, measuring progress, and adjusting your approach accordingly
Navigating a new environment or city by researching your surroundings, asking for directions, or using technology like GPS to guide you
Dealing with a sudden change, like a change in your work schedule, by assessing the situation, identifying potential impacts, and adapting your plans to accommodate the change.
How to Resolve Employee Conflict at Work [Steps, Tips, Examples]
How to Write Inspiring Core Values? 5 Steps with Examples
30 Employee Feedback Examples (Positive & Negative)

Integrations

Help articles.

Online whiteboard for connecting, collaborating, creating

Problem Solving Overview SIX-STEP PROBLEM SOLVING MODEL

Related Papers

The Leadership Quarterly

Min Basadur

Siti S. Salim

Diabetes Spectrum

Felicia Hill-Briggs, PhD

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia

Muhammad Syukri

This study aimed to determine the impact of the integration of engineering design process (asking, imagining, planning, creating and improving) in an electrical & magnetism module to improve problem-solving skills in physics among secondary school students in Aceh, Indonesia. The quasi-experimental study was carried out with 82 form three (age 15 years old) students of a secondary school in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The first author had randomly chosen two classes as the experimental group and two other classes as the control group. Independent samples t-test analysis was conducted to determine the difference between the physics teaching and learning module which integrated the five steps of engineering design process and the existing commonly used science " Pudak " teaching and learning module. The results of the independent samples t-test analysis showed that the use of the physics teaching and learning module which integrated the five steps of engineering design process was more effective compared to the use of the existing " Pudak " module in increasing the students' skills in solving physics problems. The findings of the study suggest that the science learning approach is appropriate to be applied in the teaching and learning of science to enhance science problem-solving skills among secondary school students. In addition, it can be used as a guide for teachers on how to implement the integration of the five steps of engineering design process in science teaching and learning practices.

IOSR Journals

Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities

Mark Doggett

Despite the availability of a wide range of problem solving methods, individuals continue to struggle with problems. Scientists attempt to address recurring economic, social, political, and organizational problems through the expansion of knowledge and theory. ... Cause-effect relationships advance logical explanations, predict future events,and forecast consequences. Theories and thinking based on cause-effect findings become recognized science (Goldratt, 1990) and move the field of inquiry from "art" to that of disciplined examination. In problem solving, the root cause of the problem produces an undesirable effect. Any pursuit that does not seek the root cause leads only to the symptom of the problem and, by definition, solving a symptom will not solve a problem. Problem solvers identify root causes of problems to be able to predict future cause and effect relationships. The purposeful application of an analysis method can address complex problems using a structured app...

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Myriam Lewkowicz

Juan Sebastián Betancourt Tabares

Lauren E Rudd

Solving problems is a necessary life skill and design is a problem solving process. This study investigated whether learning to design affected college students’ awareness and perception of their problem solving ability, and whether that ability correlated to academic success. Pretest-posttest scores of The Problem Solving Inventory were compared from a design fundamentals class. Results showed significant improvement in self-appraisal of problem solving ability subsequent to learning design. Student awareness of problem solving skills development was identified through student opinions involving solving problems for design and real life. Students indicated broader thinking, simplified solution development, and improved confidence. The study clearly shows correlations between learning to design and problem solving skills, and between problem solving skills and real-life problem solving.

RELATED PAPERS

Simon Bolwig

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

Bessa Monteiro

Romildo Azevedo Junior

Drug and alcohol dependence

Adriana Maldonado

Perspectivas em Gestão & Conhecimento

suzana lira

Hacia la Promoción de la Salud

ALBERTO GUSTAVO NUÑEZ

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Rizwan Hashim

Revista chilena de pediatría

Mariana Ayala

… de psicología y …

Patricia Ortega

Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research

Dilek Türker

Kübra Yazıcı

Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery

International Journal of Research in Commerce, Economics and Management

Barkha Agrawal IPSA

Roberto Rubio Sánchez

Dilçilik İnstitutunun Əsərləri

Aytan Baylarova

Sandi Husada : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan

Anisa Pratiwi

International Ophthalmology

Ibrahim Erbagci

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Margreet Vissers

AIP Conference Proceedings

Mohamed Belkheir

Dalton Transactions

Joke Hadermann

Interactive marketing

jaci masztal

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

Palash banik

Phytochemical Analysis

Prof Satyajit D Sarker

MAHDI DIHDASHTI "IVAN PROF" Oxford Culinary. ac. Ref

Ivan Prof Culinologist Mahdi Dihdashti

THE 6-Step Solution for Solving ALL Problems Tej Talks: Being Better

Let’s get this straight: Business isn't for the faint-hearted. Over the years I've had to deal with so much shit — rogue builders, no-show cleaners, and suppliers who can’t keep a deadline to save their lives. But guess what? I mastered how to turn all that mess into a money-making machine, and now it's your shot. Here's just a snippet of my 6-step framework: 1️⃣ Cause and Consequence — get to the root and see what’s at stake. 2️⃣Map your Timelines — track when things need to happen, and set those deadlines. 3️⃣ Allies in Action — your crew is crucial, because no one wins solo 4️⃣ Crafting your Fix — design a solution that’s not just a patch but a full-on fix. 5️⃣ From Plans to Reality — execute with precision, don’t let those plans collect dust. 6️⃣ Learn from the Journey — every problem is a lesson. Get smarter, get stronger. This isn’t just about damage control — it’s about owning the process and leading the charge. If you're spinning in circles, pretending you’re “too busy” to address the chaos, then you’re not just stuck — you’re sinking. Take control, make smart moves, and turn those problems into stepping stones. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Episode Website
More Episodes
Gurtej Singh

IMAGES

6 steps of the problem solving process
the 6 step problem solving model
Six steps problem-solving process infographic. Stock Vector
6 steps problem solving process powerpoint slide
the 6 step problem solving model
6 steps of the problem solving process

VIDEO

Problem solving steps of Quality Circle (in Hindi)
🌟Transform Your SAT Math Scores With This Easy Trick!🌟 Comment which questions you want! #digitalsat
7 Step Problem Solving #shorts #problemsolving
When No One Brings Soap to the Trip
a nice Math Olympiad question. #olympiad Mathematics
Solving Problems as a Music Producer: My 6-Step Approach

COMMENTS

PDF The Six Step Problem Solving Model
The Six-Step method provides a focused procedure for the problem solving (PS) group. • It ensures consistency, as everyone understands the approach to be used. • By using data, it helps eliminate bias and preconceptions, leading to greater objectivity.
The Six-Step Problem-Solving Model: A Collaborative Approach to
The Six Step Problem Solving Model isn't just a method; it's a mindset. A mindset that ensures problems are tackled systematically and collaboratively, driving teams towards effective ...
A Lean Journey: The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process
The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process is described below: Step 1: Identify The Problem. Select the problem to be analyzed; Clearly define the problem and establish aprecise problem statement; Set a measurable goal for the problem solving effort; Establish a process for coordinating with and gaining approval of leadership;
Mastering the Six Step Problem Solving Model
The Six Step Problem Solving Model provides individuals and teams with an effective framework for approaching and resolving problems. By defining the problem, analyzing it thoroughly, generating potential solutions, choosing the most suitable option, implementing it effectively, and continuously evaluating and adjusting strategies, you can ...
PDF Six-step Problem Solving Model
problem solving: To ensure consistency Everyone needs to know what method everyone else is using to solve a problem. It keeps the process more scientific and less susceptible to individual biases and perceptions. To help manage the group process The six steps in the problem solving model provide a focus for the group and help set the
Problem-Solving Process in 6 Steps
Learn how to identify, understand, list, generate, choose, implement and monitor the issues that affect your work or personal life. Follow the six steps to develop an effective problem-solving process that involves thought and analysis. See case studies and tips from experts.
Mastering the Six-Step Problem Solving Model
The Six-Step Problem Solving Model provides a systematic approach to addressing and resolving problems. By following these steps, individuals and teams can enhance their problem-solving skills and arrive at effective solutions. Remember to always start with a clear definition of the problem, analyze it thoroughly, generate potential solutions ...
Six-Step Problem-Solving Model
It emphasizes the cyclical, continuous nature of the problem-solving process. The model describes in detail the following steps: Step One: Define the Problem. Step Two: Determine the Root Cause (s) of the Problem. Step Three: Develop Alternative Solutions. Step Four: Select a Solution. Step Five: Implement the Solution. Step Six: Evaluate the ...
PDF Six Steps to Effective Problem Solving Within Organizations
In this article, we will introduce the six-step problem solving process defined by Edgar Schein, so that teams trained in this can find the best solution to a problem and create an action plan. Why Use a Problem Solving Process? Since problems can be many and root causes hidden, it may take an extended period of time to come to a solution.
The Problem-Solving Process
The Problem-Solving Process. Problem-solving is an important part of planning and decision-making. The process has much in common with the decision-making process, and in the case of complex decisions, can form part of the process itself. We face and solve problems every day, in a variety of guises and of differing complexity.
The Six Step Problem Solving Model
The Six Step Problem Solving Model is a widely recognized and effective approach to addressing and resolving complex problems in personal and professional settings. This model provides a structured and systematic process for analyzing, identifying, and resolving issues, making it an indispensable tool for individuals, teams, and organizations.
What is Problem Solving? Steps, Process & Techniques
Finding a suitable solution for issues can be accomplished by following the basic four-step problem-solving process and methodology outlined below. Step. Characteristics. 1. Define the problem. Differentiate fact from opinion. Specify underlying causes. Consult each faction involved for information. State the problem specifically.
Six Steps Demystified
The six-step approach offers a framework for creative problem solving. Although each step is critical, it is important that participants don't forget that conducting RESEARCH on a topic sets up a strong foundation. Being knowledgeable about a topic allows for better understanding of the bigger picture and is a key part of identifying problems ...
The 6 step approach to facilitate problem solving
If you're interested in my 6-step problem solving template, it's available for free through this link: https://www.tommentink.com/problemsolvingtemplateWhen ...
How To Put Problem-Solving Skills To Work in 6 Steps
Here are the basic steps involved in problem-solving: 1. Define the problem. The first step is to analyze the situation carefully to learn more about the problem. A single situation may solve multiple problems. Identify each problem and determine its cause. Try to anticipate the behavior and response of those affected by the problem.
Six Steps to Effective Problem Solving Within Organizations
Problem Definition . Identify problems through problem formulation and questioning. The key is asking the right questions to discover root causes. Brainstorming . During this process, assumptions are uncovered and underlying problems are further revealed. Also, this is an opportunity to collect and analyze data. Selection.
The Art of Effective Problem Solving: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1 - Define the Problem. The definition of the problem is the first step in effective problem solving. This may appear to be a simple task, but it is actually quite difficult. This is because problems are frequently complex and multi-layered, making it easy to confuse symptoms with the underlying cause.
PDF Six Step Process for Resolving Unstructured Problems
Six Step Process. Problem Definition. surprisingly complex first step is to determine the exact nature of the problem at hand. One part of this is to separate root causes from symptoms for example treating the infection and not just the fever. separate issue has to do with scope.
The Problem-Solving Process
Problem-solving is a mental process that involves discovering, analyzing, and solving problems. The ultimate goal of problem-solving is to overcome obstacles and find a solution that best resolves the issue. The best strategy for solving a problem depends largely on the unique situation. In some cases, people are better off learning everything ...
Problem-Solving Models: What They Are and How To Use Them
Here is a six-step process to follow when using a problem-solving model: 1. Define the problem. First, determine the problem that your team needs to solve. During this step, teams may encourage open and honest communication so everyone feels comfortable sharing their thoughts and concerns.
What is Problem Solving? (Steps, Techniques, Examples)
The problem-solving process typically includes the following steps: Identify the issue: Recognize the problem that needs to be solved. Analyze the situation: Examine the issue in depth, gather all relevant information, and consider any limitations or constraints that may be present. Generate potential solutions: Brainstorm a list of possible ...
A Six-Step Plan For Problem Solving
Problem SolvingDefine the problem and find the right solution. Research & DesignVisualize ideas, share designs and gather feedback. Strategic PlanningSet goals, organize, prioritize and stay on track. Features. Problem-solving skills are extremely valuable when running your own business, as you will have many different challenges to overcome.
Problem Solving Overview SIX-STEP PROBLEM SOLVING MODEL
Define the Problem 2. Determine the Root Cause (s) of the Problem 5. Implement the Solution 4. Select a Solution 3. Develop Alternative Solutions The steps in this sequence are arranged in a circle to emphasize the cyclical, continuous nature of the problem solving process.
‎Tej Talks: Being Better: THE 6-Step Solution for Solving ALL Problems
THE 6-Step Solution for Solving ALL Problems Tej Talks: Being Better Investing Let's get this straight: Business isn't for the faint-hearted. Over the years I've had to deal with so much shit — rogue builders, no-show cleaners, and suppliers who can't keep a deadline to save their lives. ... Take control, make smart moves, and turn those ...