essay about 4ps brainly

Positive and negative effect of 4Ps (Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program)

Introduction

4P program stands for Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. It is a conditional cash transfer method that leads to positive and negative impact in the society. The CCT or conditional cash transfer method has made beneficiaries very much dependent on grants. On the other hand, the money collected will get diverted to organizing livelihood programs that in turns result in improvement in food productivity.

This program ensures children to attend school, get vaccination, deworming, and other regular types of health check-ups. 4Ps currently operates in around seventy-nine provinces that covers around 143 major cities and 1484 municipalities spread across seventeen regions countrywide. Let us see more on the positive and negative influence of 4Ps program on people.

Positive impact of 4Ps program

The CCT program or the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program began in the year 2007. It was held under the administration of Arroyo on an experimental basis with the support of nearly six thousand households. This program expanded under the “Aquino administration” in the year 2016. It enhanced the benefits of the program by making it available to 4.5 million households. Under this program, cash grants are provided to poor households that have children in the age group of 0 to 18 years. They can use this money specifically on health and education.

The 4P Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is all over accredited for its contribution towards reduction of poverty. At the beginning of this program, poverty incidence rose from 24.8% to 26.8% in just three years from 2006 to 2009.

The “National Economic Development Authority” attributed 4Ps for the improvement of the life standards of people. This program effectively targeted the poorest section of the population. It provided support to the deprived households in urban as well as rural regions.

CCT not just grants money to the poor but also makes him independent by teaching him how to earn money. It is required to provide an occupation like fishing that is going to feed him throughout the lifetime. It is one of the ways to allure them to learn how to make livelihood without worrying about feeding their families. So, first this program educates and trains poor people so that they can make their living.

CCT puts a lot of effort in addressing severe poverty. It does by investing on the children and assuring that whoever enrolls in this program finishes their high school. This program even enhances the prospects of children to obtain graduation and secure employment. In this way, CCT program contributes a lot towards making children and people financial independent.

There are nearly 10.2 million children who are presently getting benefitted from this program. In April 2018, around 2 lakh beneficiaries got graduated from high school. The Cash conditional transfer employed under 4P program provide livelihood via the “Sustainable Livelihood Program” that provide appropriate training and employment after evaluating their abilities.

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program offer grants in the form of cash to poor households. Various national government organizations, in order to maximize the profits achieved due to success of CCT, have started offering full college scholarships. This is given to more and more children eligible under CCT approved households.

Negative effect of 4Ps

4P program doesn’t have many negative impacts. One of the key adverse effect is seen in the form of fewer workers in the agricultural sector. This is due to the mechanization. The anti-poverty cash transfer on conditional scheme offer poor people in countryside with monthly cash allowance for health and education, but it negatively impacts rural productivity.

One of the common complaints among rice farmers is that the province doesn’t provide enough agricultural workers now. This problem is seen is almost all maize and rice production areas. This lack of farmers for the harvesting and planting purpose will impact the budget planning.

To overcome these issues, it is required that “Department of Social Welfare and Development” should undertake corrective measures by allocating more infrastructure and funds in agricultural sector in the form of transplanters, tractors, dryers and harvesters. The increasing mechanization in the agricultural sector should be taken into consideration that has replaced farmers by machines.

Also, the denial of the beneficiaries 4Ps program to commence hard farm work as they now get regular financial assistance from government can be seen in two major ways.

It is a sign of the liberation of the farmers from all the hard farm tasks that used to offer them unfair wages.
Secondly, it is a danger that indicates increasing mindset of mendicancy of poor families who obtain regular allowances and an extra amount for rice allowance as well.

The 4Ps program gives rise to corruption in poor areas where the ATM cards of beneficiaries are monitored by local government officials who grant their families regular “cash advances”. They will then later get a “cut” of the money of poor families.

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“The 4 Ps of marketing” — an overview (with examples)

A professional presenting the four Ps of marketing

Designing and building a marketing campaign is a big project. Even experienced leaders sometimes find it hard to get started because there is so much to consider, plan, and organize.

But there are several strategies that can help, and “the 4 Ps of marketing” is one of them. It’s not a new concept, but the 4 Ps are so foundational that many marketers are using at least some of them without even knowing it. Understanding the whole framework of the 4 Ps of marketing can help make planning your next campaign simple and straightforward.

To help you get started, this piece will provide:

A definition of the holistic concept of the 4 Ps of marketing
A detailed look at each one of the 4 Ps
Insights on how to put the 4 Ps into action

Getting started with the 4 Ps

What are the 4 ps of marketing.

The 4 Ps of marketing are a collection of four essential elements of a marketing campaign — namely product, price, promotion, and place. Also known as “the marketing mix,” the 4 Ps collectively create a framework for organizing and planning a marketing strategy for a product or service.

Professor Neil H. Borden first described the concept of the 4 Ps and the marketing mix in the early 1950s at Harvard University. In the 1960s, marketing professor E. Jerome McCarthy at Michigan State University officially named these concepts “the 4 Ps of marketing” in his book Basic Marketing: The Managerial Approach .

Borden later published his conclusions in a 1964 article, “ The Concept of the Marketing Mix . ” The 4 Ps have remained a key reference for companies in consumer marketing and advertising for decades.

Marketing has evolved dramatically since the 1950s, and the marketing mix continues to develop as well. As early as the 1960s, the Ps were expanded to include people, process, and physical evidence. The marketing mix concept continues to be developed as marketers apply the concept to modern marketing.

Understanding the 4 Ps of marketing

The 4 Ps help marketers consider a product or service in the eyes of their consumers and buyers. It’s a framework that helps marketers build a holistic marketing strategy based on a deep understanding of the product, strategic consideration of pricing , unified view of promotional tactics, and unique insights into the places your audiences are.

Product — the object or service for sale

The product is the object or service for sale, and the marketer needs to know the product well. Understanding the product is about more than just knowing what it is and what it does. In order to design a strategic marketing campaign, you need a complete picture of:

Your product or service
How users relate to your product or service
How your product compares to the competition

All of the details are important, and it will take a little bit of time to pull together a complete view of the product — but don’t skip it. It’s easy to get a very basic product description and then skip ahead to designing a marketing plan, but this almost guarantees that some insights will be left out — and the advertising strategy won’t be as strong as it could be.

Business owners and entrepreneurs should be especially careful here. You’ve probably spent a lot of time working on your product already, but thinking about it from a marketing perspective is a little different. Make sure you have a complete marketing portrait of your product before moving forward.

A professional working on product design

An example of product

A media streaming subscription is an example of a product. The company may offer a limited, free plan but also provide another tier of service for a monthly fee. As the marketing team considers the product, they may note that this plan offers more types of media than their competitors. Market research may reveal that while the product was designed for desktop devices, most users are actually engaging on their smartphone apps. Or they may discover that even though they thought the service was being used for casual entertainment, there is actually a large audience segment streaming educational podcasts in the mornings.

Price — cost of the product or service

As part of the marketing mix, “price” refers to how the cost and pricing structure of a product will impact the marketing strategy . In some cases, pricing will be designed in conjunction with a marketing strategy. But even if pricing details are simply handed down to the marketing team, it shouldn’t be overlooked as a key consideration.

The concept of price becomes a marketing strategy in a couple of ways, including:

Brand perception. Pricing affects how your audience perceives your brand and your product. If you can design pricing structures as part of your marketing campaign, consider whether you are offering an economy or a luxury product. If pricing is predetermined, the marketing campaign will need to be consistent with the perception that pricing creates.
Lead generation. Pricing strategies can be designed for lead generation by using free trials or limited free pricing tiers. Whether or not lead generation is built into your product’s pricing structure will impact your marketing campaigns.

An example of price

In our media streaming example, the company offers a free account with limited access. If the paid subscription costs more than competitor subscriptions, the marketing team may choose to describe and illustrate their service as a more sophisticated option. Ad campaigns may associate the product with a more expensive lifestyle, highlight the larger library of content, direct content at adults more than teenagers, and establish partnership marketing relationships with other brands that market to the same audience.

Promotion — reach the target audience

Promotion is communicating with customers and target audiences. Promotion is what comes to mind for many people when they think about marketing because it’s the piece of the marketing strategy that considers how to tell your audience about your product.

Promotion includes SEO and content marketing, online ads, social media advertising, email marketing, public relations campaigns, media placement, and more. It’s about all of the considerations that will help you get your product to your audiences. Some of those considerations include:

The types of messaging your audience responds to
The ideal time to communicate with them
Market segmentation and demographics
How people interact with your brand

You’ll take all of those insights (and more) and use them to design visual ads, videos, email campaigns, and content calendars that speak directly to your target audience at every stage of the customer journey. You’ll also want to consider how to use personalization at scale in order to create a truly unique, engaging experience for each individual that helps move them through the funnel.

https://main--bacom-blog--adobecom.hlx.page/blog/fragments/personalization-at-scale

An example of promotion

For example, the media streaming service may consider a promotional campaign that targets business professionals in major US cities. The company may partner with popular tech brands and design messaging that advertises the largest collection of educational podcasts — perfect for learning about your business or favorite subjects during your morning routine.

Place — location of consumers

Place is about where and how your product is available, as well as where your marketing messages are shared. The idea of product ”place” is an important marketing consideration because it also affects brand perception. The “place” of your promotions has a similar effect because people associate the medium with the message. Many exclusive brands, for example, are not available in big box department stores. Selective product placement reinforces the customer’s view of the brand as something elite.

It’s important to note that most marketing places are now digital. Digital marketers need to consider where their customers and buyers are online, both for product and promotional placement.

An example of place

Let’s take one last look at the media streaming company example. The marketing team may focus a lot (if not all) of their campaign resources on digital platforms. LinkedIn might be a more valuable place than Facebook, and podcast sponsorships might be a valuable place for influencer marketing.

How to use the 4 Ps of marketing

You can put the 4 Ps of marketing to work by using them as a framework for planning your next campaign. Think through and document how each one applies to your strategy and how the implications of each can improve your marketing performance by asking some strategic questions:

What is unique about your product?
Why is it better than the competition?
How is the product designed to be used?
How is your audience actually using the product?
What needs does the product meet?
What frustrations does your audience have with the product?
What frustrations does your audience have with competitor products?
How does the product relate to our current branding and company mission?
What does the price communicate about the product?
What does the price communicate about your brand?
How will the pricing likely influence buyer perception?
Does the pricing model support lead generation strategies?
Based on the product and pricing, who are my target audiences?
Why do my target personas need this product?
When are my target personas most aware of their need for this product?
What type of messaging and content most resonate with my target audiences?
Where should my product be available? Is it exclusive or widely available?
Is my target audience geographically limited?
Where does my target audience spend their time?
What digital channels does my target audience prefer?
What marketing partners align with the strategy for this product and our brand identity?

The 4 Ps of marketing are not a new strategy and — like most marketing strategies — the strength of the marketing mix lies in its flexibility. It continues to develop to suit marketers’ needs and remains a key framework decades after it was first documented.

For your next marketing campaign, start by making sure your whole team has a clear definition of the product from every angle. Then use the remaining Ps to outline a successful marketing campaign.

When you’re ready to get started, check out Adobe Experience Manager to learn how the industry’s most robust digital asset management solution can help you put the 4 Ps into action. Deliver timely, relevant, and personal experiences — and reach your audience faster.

https://video.tv.adobe.com/v/36376

A professional presenting the four Ps of marketing card image

Article Type: Research Article

Article Citation: Lyra Paz P. Lluz . (2020). SURVIVING AND QUITTING: THE CASE OF 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM) STUDENT DROPOUTS. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(8), 297-301. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i8.2020.971

Received Date: 03 August 2020

Accepted Date: 31 August 2020

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4ps)

Poverty ABSTRACT

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is a version of cash transfer program here in the Philippines that aims to eradicate extreme poverty by investing in health and education. This study focused on personal experiences of students as 4Ps beneficiaries and factors that have led to their dropping out from school. A qualitative method was employed utilizing a case study design, where data was gathered from six (6) student dropouts who were 4Ps beneficiaries. Results revealed that most student beneficiaries of the 4Ps are from indigent families, highlighted that factors were due to family living conditions, the desire to help the parents and siblings. Family living conditions, the poor standard of living still is a pressing problem that can led students to drop out from school, even with the availability of financial assistance that still links to poverty as an underlying factor.

1. INTRODUCTION

Poverty has been one of the major problems and societal concerns in the country. Among various indicators of poverty, Filipinos were found to be most deprived in gaining access to education, the new multidimensional poverty index (MPI) created by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) showed. Poverty is a condition in which people lack the basic things in order to survive such as food, shelter, water, clothes and education (Crossman, 2014).

Dela Torre (2016) noted that most of the problems and difficulties of Filipinos are rooted in poverty. Many families are left deprived of their basic needs and therefore forced their children to stop going to school and help them instead in their livelihood. With this main ground, the Philippine government initiated a program called the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4P’s both to address poverty and in response to the country’s commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is a human development measure of the national government that provides conditional cash grants to the poorest of the poor, to improve the health, nutrition, and the education of children aged 0-18. It is patterned after the conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes in Latin American and African countries, which have lifted millions of people around the world from poverty . 4Ps is a version of cash transfer program here in the Philippines under the Department of Social Welfare and Development, its aim is to eradicate extreme poverty in the Philippines by investing in health and education particularly to children from 0-18 years old ( Montilla , et.al, 2015).

Children of the 4Ps beneficiaries are referred to Commission on Higher Education (CHED) which is also DSWD’s partner in the project along with the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and the implementing state universities and colleges (SUCs). Under the said program, it ensures that the grantees are enrolled in selected SUCs duly recognized by CHED, channeled to CHED priority courses, and be extended the needed support that will guarantee completion of studies, thus qualify them for high-value added jobs in the future. ( Junio, 2014 ) . In partnership with the Commission on Higher Education, the Department of Labor and Employment, and the Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges, 4Ps has enrolled 36,003 beneficiaries in state universities and colleges as of June 2015 (officialgazette.gov.ph). The program has strict compliance when it comes to the school attendance of the students who are beneficiaries because it is their basis in giving the cash transfer. It is therefore expected for the beneficiaries to attend school regularly or at least 85% of the school days. There are studies that shows how the 4Ps program affects the school attendance and the performance of the student.

Northern Samar as one of the poorest provinces in the country is a beneficiary of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) covering 44,928 households, out of which 79,607 are children beneficiaries for educational grants in all school levels in 24 municipalities (Diaz, 2018). Most college student 4Ps beneficiaries are enrolled in the University of Eastern Philippines campuses. About 50% of the student population are 4Ps grantees, receiving monthly stipend and necessary support for school-related activities and these students were the priority beneficiaries of the Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES). Enrollment was seen to increase with the 4Ps implementation, but while enrollment and school facilities are increasing, some children remain out of school and there are still many cases of drop-outs.

With the cases of students dropping out from school despite the support given, at a closer look, there can be underlying reasons for such. To address this gap, this study aims to explore and describe these underlying factors that have led to their dropping out from school.

2. METHODOLOGY

This study is anchored on the pull-out theories of student dropping, which associate the student’s decision to leave school with factors such as: early marriage, having a baby, financial issues, the need to get employed in order to support their family. The pull-out theories assume the fact that students underlie the decision to stay in school or not on a cost – benefit analysis [ McNEal , 1997; Mihalic & Elliott, 1997]. These theories consider the individual in a contextual way, in which school is an important part of his life, along with his family, colleagues, church and other organizations. A job or the family responsibilities, for instance, are able to get the student out of school.

On the other hand, this study is also anchored on the push-out theories which consider that the school is to blame for the dropout because it discourages students regarding continuing studies using as argument their personality traits. Internal institutional factors, such as the behavioral policies or the conflicts between students or teachers, may push the students outside the school. The pushout theoreticians claim that the students leave school not due to their individual attributes but because of the school structure [Fine, 1991]. Jordan, Lara and McPartland (1996) define the push effects as school related factors with negative impact upon the bond that teenagers achieve with the school environment and makes them reject the school context. These factors may be structural, contextual, climate related or individualized and may determine some students to consider school as an unwelcoming place [Stearns & Glennie, 2006].

2.1. RESEARCH DESIGN

This study employed a qualitative design which follows a systematic subjective approach to capture relevant data. A case study research will allow the researchers to focus on a specific area or situation for an in-depth analysis ( Heigham , et.al., 2009). Case study research is said to allow for in-depth review of new or unclear phenomena while retaining the holistic and meaningful characteristics of real-life events (Hartley, 2004). This design is employed in this study, as this aims to explore and describe personal experiences of students as 4Ps beneficiaries and factors that have led to their dropping out from school.

2.2. RESEARCH PROCEDURE

The researcher employed purposive sampling in order to collect relevant data from the participants. Chosen participants were students who dropped out from school who were 4Ps beneficiaries, selected from the previous semester records. The researcher selected ten (10) student dropouts, but was able to reach only six (6) of them and the researcher also conducted an interview with the six (6) chosen participants who were found in their respective homes and the interview was personally administered by the researcher. First, they were invited to be part of the study and were informed of its nature, their rights and were ensured of the confidentiality of their responses. The participants personally consented to the interview.

2.3. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

An interview guide was utilized in this study. It consisted of preparatory questions which established rapport between the interviewer and the interviewee. The participant was asked of questions about the time they have been in school and their being 4Ps grantees, which further led to questions about factors that cause their dropping out from school.

A transcript was produced from the interview sessions that served as sources of data in coming up with codes and themes that helped the researcher synthesize answers to the research questions.

2.4. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

The information that were used in this research were the individual views of participants on the issues related to the subject. Hence, in the interest of future predicaments that may arose based on the impressions of the readers, the identities of the participants were not divulged in this study. The researcher reserved the right to protect the participants and the confidentiality of their responses in general.

2.5. DATA ANALYSIS

Data from the interview were transcribed and analyzed through thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is the process of identifying patterns or themes within qualitative data (Braun & Clarke (2006). The goal of a thematic analysis is to identify themes, i.e. patterns in the data that are important or interesting, and use these themes to address the research or say something about an issue. This is much more than simply summarizing the data; a good thematic analysis interprets and makes sense of it (Clarke & Braun, 2013).

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Information gathered from the respondents through in-depth interview was processed through its methodology to gather reliable results and validation of the questions in terms of clarity, understandability, and appropriateness (Creswell, 2013). The following presentations are the results and discussions that came out of the analysis.

Theme 1: ‘4ps helped students in many ways.’

Participants claimed that the program was a big help to them in their stay in school. “I was so thankful I was chosen that time as a grantee of the financial assistance, more that my parents really can’t send me to school” ( Nagpasalamat gud ak sadto nga nahiapi ak , kay sugad ko maka iskwela na ak , kay dire man gud kaya san ak mga kag-anak ) , P1 said. “Yes, it was really helpful”, P2 added.

Responses of the participants highlighted that the program was beneficial to students. “We receive monthly stipend, although sometimes it does not arrive on time, but it was really a big help” P3 said. “I use the assistance for my school needs, but most of the time, I give it to my parents and they spend it for some of our basic needs, it really helped me a lot as a student and my family as well.”

The participants responded mostly positive things about the program. The financial assistance was able to help them with their daily needs in school, pay their school contributions, for their daily fare and school projects. Throughout the interview, it was noted that participants do have positive views of the effects of 4Ps to their education and that they see it helpful.

Theme 2: ‘Students need more to sustain interest for schooling.’

Despite the positive remarks of the participants about the program, their responses eventually led to several factors why despite the financial support given, they quit school and decided not to continue. It may sound unusual why despite the support extended by the government, still students cannot sustain their schooling, when the financial burden has been lifted.

“ I dropped because I don’t feel going to school at all. Yes, there is 4Ps, but I have to help my parents work for our daily needs. Practically, I have to work ,” a participant exclaimed. “ My parents said I have to go to school, but for me, I find it impractical when I see my younger siblings need my help,” another participant said . “I lose interest, just that I felt there is no sense going to school when I can earn working in the field. 4Ps can pay my tuition and school needs, but I eat daily, we have other needs.”

Most of the participants were from indigent families, with parents who earn lower than the minimal income. Responses highlighted that the financial assistance really was not enough to motivate them to continue schooling.

Theme 3: ‘Staying in school is a choice that may be affected by related factors.’

‘I would like to stay. I would like to finish college, but I need to help my parents .” This response clearly distinguishes one’s choice of quitting from school than stay. “Our living condition, my parents need me, my younger siblings have to go to school, so I decided to quit school and work. This way I can help them,” a participant said.

“It was my choice to drop from school. I have to help my parents,” another participant added. Most of the participants mentioned family reasons related to their living conditions as the pressing factor that cause them to drop from school. Related factors like the need to help their parents and their younger siblings were highlighted in their responses.

The pull-out theories of student dropping associates student’s decision to leave school with factors such as: early marriage, having a baby, financial issues, and the need to get employed in order to support their family. The pull-out theories assume the fact that students underlie the decision to stay in school or not on a cost – benefit analysis. From the participants, their responses were along this area. Considering that most student beneficiaries of the 4Ps are from indigent families, they still have needs that pressed them to quit from school despite the financial assistance provided.

It was quite clear that factors do not incline to the push-out theory which consider that the school is to blame for the dropout because it discourages students regarding continuing studies using as argument their personality traits. The interview with the six (6) student dropouts highlighted that factors were due to family living conditions, the desire to help the parents and siblings. Despite the fact that there was the financial assistance, participants weighed the benefit of dropping out from school and work to help their parents. In reality, cases like these cannot be avoided especially that there are other needs that seem much more important than staying in school.

Poverty and dropouts are inextricably connected in the three primary settings affecting healthy child and adolescent development: families, schools and communities. In 2009, poor students were five times more likely to drop out of high school than high-income students (Chapman, Laird, Ifill, & KewalRamani , 2011).

4. CONCLUSION

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is beneficial to students, however there are cases that students may find dropping out from school an option better than staying. Surviving school is not an option for students who chose to quit school and find it more practical. Family living conditions, the poor standard of living still is a pressing problem that can led students to drop out from school, even with the availability of financial assistance that still links to poverty as an underlying factor.

SOURCES OF FUNDING

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The author have declared that no competing interests exist.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

[1] Chapman, C., Laird, J., Ifill, N., & Kewal Ramani, A. (2011). Trends in high school dropout and completion rates in the United States: 1972-2009. (NCES 2012-06). Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved [date]. Source: http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2012006

[2] Creswell, J.W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among the Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. (pp. 77-83)

[3] Crossman, A. (2014). Poverty. Available: http://sociology.about.com/od/P_Index/g/Poverty.htm Retrived : August 25, 2015

[4] Diaz, A. (2018). DSWD sums up 4Ps gains in Northern Samar, Philippine Information Agency 8- Northern Samar

[5] Dela Torre, B. (2016). Financing Education through the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

[6] Doll,Eslami , & Walters, 2013. Understanding Why students Drop Out of High School, According to Their Own reports: Are They Pushed or Pulled, or Do They Fall Out? A Comparative Analysis of Seven Nationally Representative Studies.

[7] Heigham , J. et al. (2009). Qualitative Research in Applied Linguistics A Practical Introduction; Palgrave Macmillan

[8] Jordan, W. J.; Lara Julia; McPartland, J. M. (1996) -„Exploring the causes of early dropout among race -ethnic and gender groups” IN Youth & Society 28(1): 6-94

[9] Junio, L. (2014). Philippine News Agency

[10] Fernandez, L. & Olfindo , R. (2011). Overview of the Philippines’ conditional cash transfer program: The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program ( Pantawid Pamilya ). Washington DC. World Bank.

[11] Montella , M., Delavin , E.,Villanueva ,R., & Turco, R.(2015) Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps): Assistance to Pupil’s Education

[12] Rumberger , R. W. (2011). Dropping out: Why students drop out of high school and what can be done about it. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

[13] Sampson, R.J., Morenoff , J.D., & Gannon-Rowley, T. (2002). Assessing "neighborhood effects": Social processes and new directions in research. Annual Review of Sociology, 28, 443-478.

[14] Stearns Elizabeth, Glennie Elizabeth J. (2006) -„When and Why Dropouts Leave High School” IN Youth & Society Volume 38 Number 1 September, 29-57

[15] Velarde, R. & Fernandez, L. (2011). Philippines- welfare and distributional impacts of the pantawid pamilyang pilipino program. Available: http: www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSeContentServes/WDSP/IB/2012//06/11/000426104/Rendered/PDF/694230BRIOP1180ang0Program.pdfRetrieved: May 24,2019

[16] https://www.academia.edu/35431416/THE_HARDSHIPS_AND_BENEFITS_OF_4PS_STUDENT-BENEFICIARIES Retrived : August 25, 2019

[17] Philippine Institute for Philippine Studies, https://www.pids.gov.ph/press-releases/328

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Marketing Mix 4ps of Nike Company

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ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS WHO ARE 4PS BENEFICIARIES A Research Proposal

Related Papers

Marco Mamangon

The aim of this study is to analyze whether the 4Ps beneficiaries of the country’s capital city experience the same as those of in the provinces, and that if the program’s impact is significant for the lives of student-beneficiaries. The researchers used quantitative methods and the correlational research design in conducting the study. The researchers used the census method instead of a sampling method, as it was deemed more effective in order to ensure accuracy in the outcomes of the study. 53 parents in household-beneficiaries in Brgy. 211 Zone 19, City of Manila were interviewed by the researchers. Pearson product-moment correlation was used to test the relationship of the 4Ps grants and conditions and the well-being of the elementary school student-beneficiaries in the area. It turned out that there was a weak but positive correlation between the two variables, and the relationship was not statistically significant. The researchers (1) urge the parents in benefiting households to fully utilize the grants of the 4Ps, (2) suggest to the DSWD and other government entities concerned to monitor the efficiency, effectivity, and even the sustainability of the 4Ps, and (3) recommend to the future researchers that the number of respondent-families be increased, as the number of respondent-families may be a factor in the consistency of results. Keywords: Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, conditional cash transfer programs, educational well-being, health and nutritional well-being, Department of Social Welfare and Development

Journal of Public Administration and Governance

Marc Jon Flores

This study measured and evaluated the effect of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) on the academic performance of the student-beneficiaries of Calaba National High School, Calaba, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija in the Philippines. Survey questionnaires were distributed to ninety five 4Ps student beneficiaries who were purposively selected based on the following criteria: 4Ps beneficiary, enrolled in Calaba National High School at the time of data gathering, and willingness to participate in the study. Analysis of all collected data revealed the significant effect of the program to the performance of student beneficiaries especially in motivating students to attend classes. The result also supports Vroom’s Expectancy Theory which assumes that the students’ efforts, performance, and behavior are influenced by the importance they place on the desired outcome. In this case, to satisfy the conditionalities and remain eligible for the cash grant which have positive effect on the socio-eco...

Jhun Rey Corrales

This study endeavoured to find out the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, from the viewpoint of its beneficiaries and to recognize the changes it brought forth to education. Respondents, selected through purposive sampling, were asked through a researcher-made questionnaire of their perception and suggestions for the 4Ps, and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of 4Ps. The study revealed that 4Ps contributed greatly to the school's performance indicators. This study also raised the awareness of the school personnel and the recipients of the program's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Furthermore, the study concludes that 4Ps certainly helped its recipients and the school with 4Ps enrolees. It is therefore recommended that the program be continued but improved to ensure the attainment of its objectives.

Jamae Devera

Liazel Coronado

Gellie Domingo

Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal

Psychology and Education , JOSEPH ORGANO

The main purpose of the study is to determine the direct impact of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program on the Education, Health, and Nutritional Status of Learners Beneficiaries in the Third Congressional District of Quezon. It specifically aimed to find out the status of the learner-beneficiaries before and during the time of being a 4Ps CCT recipient in terms of education, health, and nutrition. The study also determined the assistance received by the learner-beneficiaries in terms of the mentioned aspects. With a total of 348 respondents from the entire Third congressional district, the researcher was able to use the descriptive quantitative method. The respondents were grade 6 pupils from public elementary schools of Bondoc Peninsula and are all 4P's beneficiaries. The researcher considered the validity and reliability of their data. It was found that the 4P's program has a positive impact on the educational outcomes of the beneficiaries, particularly on their GWA with higher rates of subject passing and school attendance. However, further analysis is needed to fully understand the impact of the program on the student's educational outcomes. Results also showed that becoming a 4P's CCT recipient has had a positive impact on the health of individuals, resulting in a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of illnesses experienced by individuals. It was also found that the 4P's CCT program had a positive impact on the nutrition status of the recipients by increasing the frequency of meals consumed, improving BMI, and providing access to vitamins and that the 4Ps program has a positive impact on the lifestyle of beneficiaries before and during the time of being a recipients, particularly in terms of health, nutrition, education, household expenditure, and income. The 4P's CCT program has had a positive impact on the lifestyle characteristics of the individuals who became recipients of the program. Specifically, the program appears to have helped increase the income of the households, reduce gambling and vices and did not lead to any increase in luxurious lifestyles. Finally, the null hypothesis concludes that there is a significant difference in the status of the learner-beneficiaries before and after becoming a 4Ps CCT recipient for all four profiles.

Leslie Valena

Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied and Basic Subjects

Dr. Genaro O . Basas III

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) of the Philippine government was implemented by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). It was designed to aid poor households with short-term consumption needs while promoting investment in the education and health of their children to help break the inter-generational transmission of poverty in the country. This study employed a descriptive research design to determine the present socioeconomic conditions of the householdbeneficiaries of 4Ps in Bagacay, Daram, Samar, Philippines. The household-beneficiaries belonged to lowincome families whose highest educational attainment of the majority of their members was elementary level only, and fishing was a main source of their income. More household-beneficiaries had two children each covered by the program. They still experienced deficiency with their daily basic needs such as foods, water, clothing, and other family expenditures. Many of them procured only those affordable televisions, electric fans, bulbs or fluorescents, and cell phones. They had no ownership and assurance in their housing and land used. Most of their houses were not concrete, since they could not afford to purchase materials for house construction. Not all household-beneficiaries constructed toilets, and some of those with toilets were not ideal. Other household-beneficiaries were cultivating agricultural lands which were not their own. More parents constantly monitored their children's attendance, and progresses in school. They actively participated in the school activities.

International Journal of Research Publications

Nick Panares

The study's objective was to determine the degree to which the 4Ps conditional cash awards were implemented and how it related to the academic achievement of the Junior High School student-beneficiaries in the South 2 District of the Division of Gingoog City this School Year 2022-20223. Specifically, this paper focuses on the demographic profile of 4Ps student-beneficiaries, the extent of implementation of the 4Ps cash grant, and the degree of academic achievement among 4Ps student recipients the extent of the 4Ps cash grants implementation in connection to academic achievement and to determine which demographic profile, singly or in combination, affects their academic performance. The primary technique employed to gather data for this study was a survey questionnaire checklist. The following terms were used: mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r), and linear regression. The findings showed that the sex distribution is almost equal, mostly Grade 10 with 4-6 range family members, and received cash grants. Students agree that their financial assistance has been implemented. The academic performance showed Satisfactory. The academic achievement of the student beneficiary is significantly correlated with education. Nevertheless, it was found that health and nutrition services are not significantly correlated with students' academic achievement. Instead, cash grants emerged as the strongest predictor of students' academic achievement. It is then recommended that schools and parents work together to encourage beneficiaries of the 4Ps program to value education.

Paano Sumali sa 4Ps (Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program)

Ang Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) ay isang programa ng gobyerno na nagbibigay ng tulong pinansyal sa mga mahihirap na pamilya na may mga anak na nasa edad 0-18 taon, buntis, o may kapansanan. Layunin ng programa na putulin ang intergenerational cycle ng kahirapan sa pamamagitan ng pag-invest sa kalusugan at edukasyon, na dalawa sa mga importanteng bagay na nagde-determine ng abilidad ng isang tao na maka-ahon sa kahirapan.

Ang mga pamilyang kasapi sa 4Ps ay kailangang sumunod sa mga kondisyon ng programa tulad ng pagdalo sa mga health check-up, pagpapa-bakuna, pagpapasuri sa buntis, pagdalo sa mga family development sessions, at pagpapasok sa paaralan ng mga anak.

Sino Ang Maaaring Makasali Sa 4Ps?

Kung ikaw ay may mga anak at naninirahan sa isa sa pinakamababang 40 porsyento ng mga pamilya sa iyong rehiyon, puwede kang sumali sa programa ng 4Ps.

May proxy-based selection process para sa pinakamahirap na mga pamilya. Ang financial class ng isang pamilya ay maaaring matukoy base sa iba’t ibang economic factors, kasama na ang pag-aari ng mga ari-arian, kita, antas ng edukasyon, at access sa sanitation at water services.

Bukod sa mga magsasaka at mangingisda, kasama rin sa tinututukan ng Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) ang mga pamilyang walang tahanan, indigenous communities, at mga temporary immigrants.

Ngunit, para maging kwalipikado ang mga taong ito sa pinansyal na tulong, kailangan nilang matugunan muna ang mga pamantayan na itinakda.

Ang mga Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) eligibility requirements ay ang sumusunod:

Dapat miyembro ka ng isa sa mga komunidad na may pinakamababang average income (ayon sa SAE mula 2003).
Dapat miyembro ka ng isang pamilya kung saan ang kabuuang kita ng mga miyembro ay pareho o mas mababa sa provincial level ng kahirapan.
Kapag ginagawa ang evaluation, kailangan mayroon kang mga anak na may edad na 0 hanggang 18 o may buntis sa iyong household.

Kung natupad mo na ang lahat ng mga kondisyon na ito, pero hindi ka pa rin member sa Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. Sa ganitong sitwasyon, posible na hindi pa kasama ang iyong komunidad sa proyektong ito dahil hindi pa ito naipatupad doon. Ang kailangan mong gawin ay ang maghintay hanggang maidagdag nila ang iyong lugar sa listahan ng mga makikinabang sa 4Ps.

Paano Sumali sa 4Ps?

Hindi po inaaplyan ang 4Ps. Dumadaan ito sa proseso na tinatawag na Listahanan. ang kahat ng maii-interview ay walang garantiyang magiging miyembro ng 4Ps.

1. Data Gathering

Ang Listahanan o ang National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) ay isang sistema ng pamamahala ng impormasyon na nakakakilala kung sino at saan ang mga mahihirap sa bansa. Ang sistema ay nagbibigay ng isang database ng mga mahihirap na pamilya sa mga ahensya ng pambansang pamahalaan at iba pang mga stakeholder ng social protection bilang sanggunian sa pagpili ng mga potensyal na benepisyaryo ng 4Ps. Ang National Household Targeting Office (NHTO) ng Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) ang nangunguna sa pagpapatupad ng proyektong ito.

2. Pagpili ng mga Qualified na Benepisyaryong Pamilya

Pinapadala ng NHTS-PR ang profile ng mga low-income households (HHs) na kanilang iniisip na karapat-dapat na sumali sa programa sa Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Division (PMED) para sa assessment at planning. Pagkatapos nito, dumadaan ito sa eligibility verification para malaman kung sino-sino ang mga taong ito.

3. Beneficiary Registration

Ito ay ang proseso ng pag-eenroll ng mga kwalipikadong pamilya sa programa. Ito ang entry point ng mga pamilya sa programa, kung saan kailangan nilang magsumite ng iba’t ibang dokumento na kinakailangan para makakuha ng tamang data. Mahalagang maging maingat sa pagpaparehistro dahil nakasalalay dito ang kumpletong data at ang kanilang katumpakan, at dahil nakakaapekto ang pagpaparehistro sa mga susunod na aktibidad at pamamaraan, tulad ng compliance verification, payment, at case management.

Ang mga layunin ng pagpaparehistro ng mga benepisyaryo ay ang mga sumusunod:

I-validate at i-verify ang pagkakakilanlan ng mga pamilya na isasama sa programa.
I-validate at i-verify ang eligibility ng pamilya sa programa.
I-verify at i-update ang impormasyon ng mga kwalipikadong pamilya.
Pumili ng isang responsable, may kakayahan at willing grantee na pamilya.
I-orient ang mga pamilya tungkol sa programa, sa mga kondisyon nito, at sa kanilang mga responsibilidad.
I-proseso ang unang bayad para sa mga bagong-narehistrong pamilya.

4. Pagprocess ng Payment

Ang DSWD at ang Basic Rights and Freedoms Institute (BRFI) ay nagtutulungan para malaman ang pinakamainam na paraan ng pagbabayad para sa mga cash award. Pagkatapos nito, ang dalawang organisasyon ay magkakasundo sa pinakamagandang mode of payment para sa mga financial grant.

Ang transaction account ay isang uri ng pagbabayad na nagbibigay-daan sa mga gumagamit na tumanggap at magpadala ng pera bukod sa electronic money. Ang pangunahing layunin nito ay hikayatin ang mga kalahok ng Health and Human Services program na gumamit ng agent banking at mag-ipon ng pera.
Ang cash card, na karaniwang tinatawag na prepaid card, ay isang uri ng pagbabayad na nagpapahintulot sa mga tatanggap na mag-withdraw ng pondo mula sa isang ATM o point-of-sale terminal na pinapatakbo ng BRFI o AGDB.

Ang BRFI, AGDB, o DSWD ay maaaring gumamit ng mga aprubadong over-the-counter na paraan para magpadala ng cash award kung walang point-of-sale terminal o ATM sa lugar. Ang probisyon na ito ay nalalapat lamang sa mga natatanging sitwasyon. Ang mga bangko, money courier, kooperatiba, at postal firm ay ilan sa mga halimbawa ng mga organisasyong ito.

Ang Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4Ps any ang isa sa pinakamagandang programa na inilunsad ng gobyerno. Bagaman may ilang mga kakulangan ang programa, ito ay nakatulong nang malaki sa maraming mga pamilyang Pilipino. Kailangan nating panatilihin ang pagpondo sa programang ito dahil maraming mga pamilya pa rin ang nangangailangan ng tulong.

Pero bukod diyan, ang ating hangad ay na mas maraming mga mahihirap na pamilya ang “mag-graduate” sa programa, na nangangahulugan na sila ay nakamit ang pinansyal na kalayaan at hindi na nangangailangan ng tulong mula sa gobyerno. Mayroon tayong mataas na pag-asa na mas maraming pamilya ang makakawala sa cycle of poverty sa tulong ng DSWD.

anim po ang anak ko paano po ba makasali sa 4ps wala po kaming trabaho ..

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[OPINION] Scrapping 4Ps program doesn’t make sense

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This is AI generated summarization, which may have errors. For context, always refer to the full article.

[OPINION] Scrapping 4Ps program doesn’t make sense

On May 24, Agriculture Secretary Manny Piñol said the P70-billion Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program or 4Ps only makes beneficiaries overly dependent on grants. He would rather divert the money to livelihood programs that he said will increase food productivity.

We are not discounting the importance of livelihood programs especially for the agriculture sector, but we argue against going after a program that has concretely shown positive impact on the lives of 4.4 million poor households.

The CCT program, also known as Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), started in 2007 under the Arroyo administration, with a pilot of 6,000 households. It was expanded by the Aquino administration in 2016 to benefit a total of 4.4 million households. Cash grants are provided to poor households with children aged 0-18 (prior to 2013, it was 0-14) for them to specifically spend it on education and health.

The 4Ps program is widely credited for its contribution to poverty reduction. At the start of the program, poverty incidence was rising from 24.9% in 2003 to 26.9% in 2009. The numbers gradually went down to 25.2% in 2012 and 21.6% in 2015.

The National Economic and Development Authority credited 4Ps for improving the numbers, and so did the World Bank. The international financing institution also noted the program’s effective targeting mechanism, allowing it to reach 52.8% of the bottom 20% of the population. This means that the CCT is providing assistance to the poorest households in both urban and rural areas.

CCT as first step to ‘teaching poor how to fish’

A popular Chinese proverb goes: “You give a poor man a fish and you feed him for a day. You teach him to fish and you give him an occupation that will feed him for a lifetime.”

Critics argue that the 4Ps program is not teaching the beneficiaries how to fish. But how can you teach them to catch their food when they are already dying of hunger? How can you entice them to learn a livelihood when they are constantly worrying about how they’re going to feed their families? How can you ask them to find a good job when they can’t read and write?

Addressing chronic poverty does not happen overnight. It takes time and requires a lot of effort across government agencies.

CCT invests on the children. By making sure that children enrolled in the program finish high school, the program increases their chances of getting to college or securing employment. A study by the Philippine Institute of Development Studies (PIDS) shows that children who finish high school get better wages (40% higher than an elementary graduate).

There are 10.8 million children currently benefiting from the program. In April 2018 alone, approximately 200,000 beneficiaries graduated from senior high school. Contrary to misconceptions, beneficiaries graduate from the program once their children graduate from senior high school (or turn 19, whichever comes first).

The CCT beneficiaries are also provided with livelihood through the Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP), a program that assesses their capacity and gives them appropriate employment or training. In December 2017, DSWD said SLP served 1.5 million CCT households.

The DSWD and various national government agencies, in recognition of the success of CCT, have complementation efforts to maximize the gains of the program. CHED has the Expanded Student Grants in Aid Program for Poverty Alleviation (ESGPPA), for example. It provides full college scholarships to eligible children in CCT households.

The DSWD also works with agencies like the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Department of Agriculture to provide cash assistance for farmers and fisherfolk to build livelihood assets.

All these efforts help families break the cycle of poverty. The proposal to divert funds for 4Ps, as Secretary Piñol suggested, would mean re-allocating the funds that give these children a better chance at improving their lives and making their dreams come true.

Cash transfers are not dole outs

It bears repeating: the CCT is not a dole-out program. People do not just wait for their grants like Juan Tamad waits for the guava to fall from the tree. Beneficiaries have to comply to conditions set by the program. They are required to regularly visit health centers, send their children to school, and attend family development sessions (FDS). Failure to do these disqualifies families to avail themselves of the grant.

Secretary Piñol is wrong to say 4Ps takes away people’s drive to work. Every month, a household can receive P800 (for one child in elementary plus health grant) to P2,000 (for 3 children in highschool plus health grant). This only amounts to P26 to P67 a day. Can a family of 5 live off P26 a day? Can a child in elementary school attend class, pay for projects, and eat lunch with P13 a day? The cash grants are provided only to augment the household income. To say that the program encourages mendicancy is an insult to the poor’s perseverance to survive and provide for their families. An ESGPPA beneficiary from Bukidnon, for example, was a working student until she graduated from college.

The PIDS study actually shows that 4Ps has encouraged greater drive for work, not just for the male heads of the household, but even for the female spouses. The adult members (18 years old and above) of families enrolled in the program are also more industrious compared to non-members.

There is also evidence that among those who are employed, more 4Ps beneficiaries want and look for additional sources of income compared to non-beneficiaries.

‘Fair fight against poverty’

The program is not perfect. But it is one of the few programs that gives direct assistance to poor households without going through different channels of the bureaucracy. The 4Ps is one of the “best-targeted social safety net programs in the world,” according to the World Bank.

Measures to guarantee that the program benefits those who need it most are in place. Money for the program is not, as critics say, “being put to waste.”

Secretary Piñol said his negative assessment of the 4Ps program is based on “testimonies and lamentations of people [he] talked with on the ground.”

Let us also quote the testimonies of beneficiaries who, after feeling neglected by the government for the longest time, now know how it is to have a fighting chance to improve their lives.

“ Lumalaban po kami ng patas upang mabuhay. Hindi po kami nagnanakaw at nanga-agrabiyado ng ibang tao para maka- survive sa hirap ng buhay. May mga kondisyones po kaming sinusunod bago makakuha ng pera. Hindi po kami ngumanganga lang at naghihintay na mahulog ang biyaya ,” said Christine Haya, a beneficiary from Quezon City.

(We are fighting fair in order to live. We don’t steal or take advantage of others in order to survive life’s challenges. We follow conditions before we receive the money. We don’t idly wait for blessings to come.)

“ Sana po makipagkwentuhan kayo sa mga benepisyaryo ng programa. Nakapagtapos ang kanilang mga anak at patuloy na umaasa na makakaahon sa hirap sa tulong ng 4Ps . Sana naman po, huwag ninyong ipagkait ‘yung kaunting tulong ng gobyerno para sa amin. Alam ko naman po na marami pa kayong maiisip na paraan para tulungan ang ating mga magsasaka. Wala naman po kaming tutol doon. Pero huwag naman po alisin ang aming cash grant,” said Rizalina Vergara Misuela, a beneficiary from Asingan, Pangasinan.

(We hope you could talk to the beneficiries of the program. Their children have finished school and they continue to hope that they can overcome poverty with the help of 4Ps. We hope you don’t withhold the little help the government is giving to us. We know that you can think of more ways to help farmers. We are not opposed to that. But please, do not take away our cash grant.) – Rappler.com

Abbey previously worked at the DSWD. She holds an MA in Urban and Regional Planning from UP Diliman and an MSc in Urbanisation and Development from the London School of Economics and Political Science.

Lei Ramos also previously worked at the DSWD. He is now with an international NGO based in Manila.

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