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Fractions, Decimals and Percentages - Short Problems

Information Display

The information display on a train shows letters by illuminating dots in a rectangular array. What fraction of the dots in this array is illuminated?

Mean Sequence

Weekly Problem 38 - 2009 This sequence is given by the mean of the previous two terms. What is the fifth term in the sequence?

Ordering Fractions

Weekly Problem 46 - 2014 Which of these fractions has greatest value?

Jacob's Flock

How many sheep are in Jacob's flock?

Farthest Fraction

Which of these fractions is the largest?

Tommy's Tankard

Weekly Problem 4 - 2017 Tommy's tankard holds 480ml when it is one quarter empty. How much does it hold when it is one quarter full?

Multiplication Magic Square

Weekly Problem 32 - 2015 Can you work out the missing numbers in this multiplication magic square?

Smashing Time

Weekly Problem 58 - 2012 Once granny has smashed some of her cups and saucers, how many cups are now without saucers?

Talulah's Tulips

Weekly Problem 10 - 2017 Talulah plants some tulip bulbs. When they flower, she notices something interesting about the colours. What fraction of the tulips are white?

Better Spelling

Weekly Problem 12 - 2010 Can Emily increase her average test score to more than $80$%? Find out how many more tests she must take to do so.

Valuable Percentages

Weekly Problem 23 - 2010 These numbers have been written as percentages. Can you work out which has the greatest value?

Bouncing Ball

A ball is dropped from a height, and every time it hits the ground, it bounces to 3/5 of the height from which it fell.

Percentage Mad

Weekly Problem 43 - 2013 What is 20% of 30% of 40% of £50?

Can you find a number that is halfway between two fractions?

Pride of Place

Two fractions have been placed on a number line. Where should another fraction be placed?

Second Half Score

Boarwarts Academy played their annual match against Range Hill School. What fraction of the points were scored in the second half?

Between a Sixth and a Twelfth

The space on a number line between a sixth and a twelfth is split into 3 equal parts. Find the number indicated.

Magical Products

Can you place the nine cards onto a 3x3 grid such that every row, column and diagonal has a product of 1?

Smallest Fraction

Which of these is the smallest?

Three Blind Mice

Each of the three blind mice in turn ate a third of what remained of a piece of cheese. What fraction of the cheese did they eat in total?

Charlie's Money

How much money did Charlie have to begin with?

Tricky Fractions

Use this series of fractions to find the value of x.

Too Close to Call

Weekly Problem 24 - 2012 Can you put these very close fractions into order?

Slightly Outnumbered

If this class contains between $45$% and $50$% girls, what is the smallest possible number of girls in the class?

What fraction of this triangle is shaded?

Peanut Harvest

A group of monkeys eat various fractions of a harvest of peanuts. What fraction is left behind?

Tennis Club

Three-quarters of the junior members of a tennis club are boys and the rest are girls. What is the ratio of boys to girls among these members?

The Grand Old Duke of York

What percentage of his 10,000 men did the Grand Old Duke of York have left when he arrived back at the bottom of the hill?

Meeting Point

Malcolm and Nikki run at different speeds. They set off in opposite directions around a circular track. Where on the track will they meet?

How many rats did the Pied Piper catch?

To make porridge, Goldilocks mixes oats and wheat bran..... what percentage of the mix is wheat?

Petrol Station

Andrea has just filled up a fraction of her car's petrol tank. How much petrol does she now have?

A Drink of Water

Weekly Problem 43 - 2015 Rachel and Ross share a bottle of water. Can you work out how much water Rachel drinks?

Entrance Exam

Dean finishes his exam strongly. Can you work out how many questions are on the paper if he gets an average of 80%?

Which of the cities shown had the largest percentage increase in population?

Test Scores

Ivan, Tibor and Alex sat a test and achieved 85%, 90% and 95% respectively. Tibor scored just one more mark than Ivan. How many marks did Alex get?

What percentage of the truck's final mass is coal?

Percentage Unchanged

If the base of a rectangle is increased by 10% and the area is unchanged, by what percentage is the width decreased by ?

What fraction of customers buy Kleenz after the advertising campaign?

2011 Digits

Weekly Problem 10 - 2014 What is the sum of the first $2011$ digits when $20 \div 11$ is written as a decimal?

Pineapple Juice

What percentage of this orange drink is juice?

After playing 500 games, my success rate at Solitare is 49%. How many games do I need to win to increase my success rate to 50%?

Percentage of a Quarter

What percentage of a quarter is a fifth?

Fractions of 1000

Find a simple way to compute this long fraction.

Breakfast Time

Four hobbits each eat one quarter of the porridge remaining in the pan. How much is left?

Percentage Swap

What is 50% of 2007 plus 2007% of 50?

Recurring Mean

What is the mean of 1.2 recurring and 2.1 recurring?

Itchy's Fleas

Itchy the dog has a million fleas. How many fleas might his shampoo kill?

Weekly Problem 11 - 2013 A shop has "Everything half price", and then "15% off sale prices". What is the overall reduction in cost?

Producing an Integer

Multiply a sequence of n terms together. Can you work out when this product is equal to an integer?

Elephants and Geese

Yesterday, at Ulaanbaatar market, a white elephant cost the same amount as 99 wild geese. How many wild geese cost the same amount as a white elephant today?

The Property Market

A property developer sells two houses, and makes a 20% loss on one and a 20% profit on the other. Overall, did he make a profit or a loss?

Antiques Roadshow

Last year, on the television programme Antiques Roadshow... work out the approximate profit.

Squeezed In

Weekly Problem 9 - 2017 What integer x makes x/9 lie between 71/7 and 113/11?

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Course: 7th grade   >   Unit 2

• Solving percent problems
• Equivalent expressions with percent problems
• Percent word problem: magic club

Percent problems

• Percent word problems: tax and discount
• Tax and tip word problems
• Percent word problem: guavas
• Discount, markup, and commission word problems
• Multi-step ratio and percent problems
• Your answer should be
• an integer, like 6 ‍  
• a simplified proper fraction, like 3 / 5 ‍  
• a simplified improper fraction, like 7 / 4 ‍  
• a mixed number, like 1   3 / 4 ‍  
• an exact decimal, like 0.75 ‍  
• a multiple of pi, like 12   pi ‍   or 2 / 3   pi ‍  

Decimals, Fractions and Percentages

Decimals, Fractions and Percentages are just different ways of showing the same value:

Here, have a play with it yourself:

Example Values

Here is a table of commonly used values shown in Percent, Decimal and Fraction form:

Conversions!

From percent to decimal.

To convert from percent to decimal divide by 100 and remove the % sign.

An easy way to divide by 100 is to move the decimal point 2 places to the left :

Don't forget to remove the % sign!

From Decimal to Percent

To convert from decimal to percent multiply by 100%

An easy way to multiply by 100 is to move the decimal point 2 places to the right :

 Don't forget to add the % sign!

From Fraction to Decimal

To convert a fraction to a decimal divide the top number by the bottom number:

Example: Convert 2 5 to a decimal

Divide 2 by 5: 2 ÷ 5 = 0.4

Answer: 2 5 = 0.4

From Decimal to Fraction

To convert a decimal to a fraction needs a little more work.

Example: To convert 0.75 to a fraction

From fraction to percentage.

To convert a fraction to a percentage divide the top number by the bottom number, then multiply the result by 100%

Example: Convert 3 8 to a percentage

First divide 3 by 8: 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375

Then multiply by 100%: 0.375 × 100% = 37.5%

Answer: 3 8 = 37.5%

From Percentage to Fraction

To convert a percentage to a fraction , first convert to a decimal (divide by 100), then use the steps for converting decimal to fractions (like above).

Example: To convert 80% to a fraction

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How to Solve Percent Problems? (+FREE Worksheet!)

Learn how to calculate and solve percent problems using the percent formula.

Related Topics

• How to Find Percent of Increase and Decrease
• How to Find Discount, Tax, and Tip
• How to Do Percentage Calculations
• How to Solve Simple Interest Problems

Step by step guide to solve percent problems

• In each percent problem, we are looking for the base, or part or the percent.
• Use the following equations to find each missing section. Base \(= \color{black}{Part} \ ÷ \ \color{blue}{Percent}\) \(\color{ black }{Part} = \color{blue}{Percent} \ ×\) Base \(\color{blue}{Percent} = \color{ black }{Part} \ ÷\) Base

Percent Problems – Example 1:

\(2.5\) is what percent of \(20\)?

In this problem, we are looking for the percent. Use the following equation: \(\color{blue}{Percent} = \color{ black }{Part} \ ÷\) Base \(→\) Percent \(=2.5 \ ÷ \ 20=0.125=12.5\%\)

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Percent problems – example 2:.

\(40\) is \(10\%\) of what number?

Use the following formula: Base \(= \color{ black }{Part} \ ÷ \ \color{blue}{Percent}\) \(→\) Base \(=40 \ ÷ \ 0.10=400\) \(40\) is \(10\%\) of \(400\).

Percent Problems – Example 3:

\(1.2\) is what percent of \(24\)?

In this problem, we are looking for the percent. Use the following equation: \(\color{blue}{Percent} = \color{ black }{Part} \ ÷\) Base \(→\) Percent \(=1.2÷24=0.05=5\%\)

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Percent problems – example 4:.

\(20\) is \(5\%\) of what number?

Use the following formula: Base \(= \color{black}{Part} \ ÷ \ \color{blue}{Percent}\) \(→\) Base \(=20÷0.05=400\) \( 20\) is \(5\%\) of \(400\).

Exercises for Calculating Percent Problems

Solve each problem..

• \(51\) is \(340\%\) of what?
• \(93\%\) of what number is \(97\)?
• \(27\%\) of \(142\) is what number?
• What percent of \(125\) is \(29.3\)?
• \(60\) is what percent of \(126\)?
• \(67\) is \(67\%\) of what?

Download Percent Problems Worksheet

• \(\color{blue}{15}\)
• \(\color{blue}{104.3}\)
• \(\color{blue}{38.34}\)
• \(\color{blue}{23.44\%}\)
• \(\color{blue}{47.6\%}\)
• \(\color{blue}{100}\)

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Pre-Algebra Exercise Book A Comprehensive Workbook + PreAlgebra Practice Tests

Pre-algebra in 10 days the most effective pre-algebra crash course, college algebra practice workbook the most comprehensive review of college algebra, high school algebra i a comprehensive review and step-by-step guide to mastering high school algebra 1, 10 full length clep college algebra practice tests the practice you need to ace the clep college algebra test.

by: Effortless Math Team about 4 years ago (category: Articles , Free Math Worksheets )

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Percentage Word Problems

Welcome to our Basic Percentage Word Problems. In this area, we have a selection of basic percentage problem worksheets designed for 6th grade students who are just starting to learn about percentages to help them to solve a range of simple percentage problems.

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Percentage Learning

Percentages are another area that children can find quite difficult. There are several key areas within percentages which need to be mastered in order.

Our selection of percentage worksheets will help you to find percentages of numbers and amounts, as well as working out percentage increases and decreases and converting percentages to fractions or decimals.

Key percentage facts:

• 50% = 0.5 = ½
• 25% = 0.25 = ¼
• 75% = 0.75 = ¾
• 10% = 0.1 = 1 ⁄ 10
• 1% = 0.01 = 1 ⁄ 100

How to work out Percentages of a number

This page will help you learn to find the percentage of a given number.

There is also a percentage calculator on the page to support you work through practice questions.

• Percentage Of Calculator

This is the calculator to use if you want to find a percentage of a number.

Simple choose your number and the percentage and the calculator will do the rest.

Basic Percentage Word Problems

Here you will find a selection of worksheets on percentages designed to help your child practise how to apply their knowledge to solve a range of percentage problems..

The sheets are graded so that the easier ones are at the top.

The sheets have been split up into sections as follows:

• spot the percentage problems where the aim is to use the given facts to find the missing percentage;
• solving percentage of number problems, where the aim is to work out the percentage of a number.

Each of the sheets on this page has also been split into 3 different worksheets:

• Sheet A which is set at an easier level;
• Sheet B which is set at a medium level;
• Sheet C which is set at a more advanced level for high attainers.

Spot the Percentages Problems

• Spot the Percentage 1A
• PDF version
• Spot the Percentage 1B
• Spot the Percentage 1C
• Spot the Percentage 2A
• Spot the Percentage 2B
• Spot the Percentage 2C

Percentage of Number Word Problems

• Percentage of Number Problems 1A
• Percentage of Number Problems 1B
• Percentage of Number Problems 1C
• Percentage of Number Problems 2A
• Percentage of Number Problems 2B
• Percentage of Number Problems 2C
• Percentage of Number Problems 3A
• Percentage of Number Problems 3B
• Percentage of Number Problems 3C

More Recommended Math Worksheets

Take a look at some more of our worksheets similar to these.

6th Grade Percentage Word Problems

The sheets in this area are at a harder level than those on this page.

The problems involve finding the percentage of numbers and amounts, as well as finding the amounts when the percentage is given.

• 6th Grade Percent Word Problems
• Percentage Increase and Decrease Worksheets

We have created a range of worksheets based around percentage increases and decreases.

Our worksheets include:

• finding percentage change between two numbers;
• finding a given percentage increase from an amount;
• finding a given percentage decrease from an amount.

Percentage of Money Amounts

Often when we are studying percentages, we look at them in the context of money.

The sheets on this page are all about finding percentages of different amounts of money.

• Money Percentage Worksheets

Percentage of Number Worksheets

If you would like some practice finding the percentage of a range of numbers, then try our Percentage Worksheets page.

You will find a range of worksheets starting with finding simple percentages such as 1%, 10% and 50% to finding much trickier ones.

• Percentage of Numbers Worksheets

Converting Percentages to Fractions

To convert a fraction to a percentage follows on simply from converting a fraction to a decimal.

Simply divide the numerator by the denominator to give you the decimal form. Then multiply the result by 100 to change the decimal into a percentage.

The printable learning fraction page below contains more support, examples and practice converting fractions to decimals.

• Converting Fractions to Percentages

• Convert Percent to Fraction

Online Percentage Practice Zone

Our online percentage practice zone gives you a chance to practice finding percentages of a range of numbers.

You can choose your level of difficulty and test yourself with immediate feedback!

• Online Percentage Practice
• Ratio Part to Part Worksheets

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Percentages Worksheets

Welcome to the percentages math worksheet page where we are 100% committed to providing excellent math worksheets. This page includes Percentages worksheets including calculating percentages of a number, percentage rates, and original amounts and percentage increase and decrease worksheets.

As you probably know, percentages are a special kind of decimal. Most calculations involving percentages involve using the percentage in its decimal form. This is achieved by dividing the percentage amount by 100. There are many worksheets on percentages below. In the first few sections, there are worksheets involving the three main types of percentage problems: calculating the percentage value of a number, calculating the percentage rate of one number compared to another number, and calculating the original amount given the percentage value and the percentage rate.

Most Popular Percentages Worksheets this Week

Percentage Calculations

Calculating the percentage value of a number involves a little bit of multiplication. One should be familiar with decimal multiplication and decimal place value before working with percentage values. The percentage value needs to be converted to a decimal by dividing by 100. 18%, for example is 18 ÷ 100 = 0.18. When a question asks for a percentage value of a number, it is asking you to multiply the two numbers together.

Example question: What is 18% of 2800? Answer: Convert 18% to a decimal and multiply by 2800. 2800 × 0.18 = 504. 504 is 18% of 2800.

• Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Number Results) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Number Results) (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Number Results) (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Number Results) (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Number Results) (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Number Results) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Number Results) (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Number Results) (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Number Results) (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Number Results) (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Dollar Results) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Dollar Results) (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Dollar Results) (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Dollar Results) (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Whole Dollar Results) (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Dollar Results) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Dollar Results) (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Dollar Results) (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Dollar Results) (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage Value (Decimal Dollar Results) (Percents that are multiples of 25%)

Calculating what percentage one number is of another number is the second common type of percentage calculation. In this case, division is required followed by converting the decimal to a percentage. If the first number is 100% of the value, the second number will also be 100% if the two numbers are equal; however, this isn't usually the case. If the second number is less than the first number, the second number is less than 100%. If the second number is greater than the first number, the second number is greater than 100%. A simple example is: What percentage of 10 is 6? Because 6 is less than 10, it must also be less than 100% of 10. To calculate, divide 6 by 10 to get 0.6; then convert 0.6 to a percentage by multiplying by 100. 0.6 × 100 = 60%. Therefore, 6 is 60% of 10.

Example question: What percentage of 3700 is 2479? First, recognize that 2479 is less than 3700, so the percentage value must also be less than 100%. Divide 2479 by 3700 and multiply by 100. 2479 ÷ 3700 × 100 = 67%.

• Calculating the Percentage a Whole Number is of Another Whole Number Calculating the Percentage a Whole Number is of Another Whole Number (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Number is of Another Whole Number (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Number is of Another Whole Number (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Number is of Another Whole Number (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Number is of a Whole Number Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Number is of a Whole Number (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Number is of a Whole Number (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Number is of a Whole Number (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Number is of a Whole Number (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage a Whole Dollar Amount is of Another Whole Dollar Amount Calculating the Percentage a Whole Dollar Amount is of Another Whole Dollar Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Dollar Amount is of Another Whole Dollar Amount (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Dollar Amount is of Another Whole Dollar Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage a Whole Dollar Amount is of Another Whole Dollar Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%)
• Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Dollar Amount is of a Whole Dollar Amount Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Dollar Amount is of a Whole Dollar Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Dollar Amount is of a Whole Dollar Amount (Select percents) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Dollar Amount is of a Whole Dollar Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) Calculating the Percentage a Decimal Dollar Amount is of a Whole Dollar Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%)

The third type of percentage calculation involves calculating the original amount from the percentage value and the percentage. The process involved here is the reverse of calculating the percentage value of a number. To get 10% of 100, for example, multiply 100 × 0.10 = 10. To reverse this process, divide 10 by 0.10 to get 100. 10 ÷ 0.10 = 100.

Example question: 4066 is 95% of what original amount? To calculate 4066 in the first place, a number was multiplied by 0.95 to get 4066. To reverse this process, divide to get the original number. In this case, 4066 ÷ 0.95 = 4280.

• Calculating the Original Amount from a Whole Number Result and a Percentage Calculating the Original Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Select percents) ( Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Whole Numbers )
• Calculating the Original Amount from a Decimal Number Result and a Percentage Calculating the Original Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Select percents) ( Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Decimals )
• Calculating the Original Amount from a Whole Dollar Result and a Percentage Calculating the Original Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Select percents) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers )
• Calculating the Original Amount from a Decimal Dollar Result and a Percentage Calculating the Original Amount (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Select percents) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Calculating the Original Amount (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals )
• Mixed Percentage Calculations with Whole Number Percentage Values Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Select percents) ( Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Whole Numbers )
• Mixed Percentage Calculations with Decimal Percentage Values Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Select percents) ( Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Decimals )
• Mixed Percentage Calculations with Whole Dollar Percentage Values Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Select percents) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Dollar Amounts and Whole Numbers )
• Mixed Percentage Calculations with Decimal Dollar Percentage Values Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents from 1% to 99%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Select percents) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 5%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals ) Mixed Percentage Calculations (Percents that are multiples of 25%) ( Dollar Amounts and Decimals )

Percentage Increase/Decrease Worksheets

The worksheets in this section have students determine by what percentage something increases or decreases. Each question includes an original amount and a new amount. Students determine the change from the original to the new amount using a formula: ((new - original)/original) × 100 or another method. It should be straight-forward to determine if there is an increase or a decrease. In the case of a decrease, the percentage change (using the formula) will be negative.

• Percentage Increase/Decrease With Whole Number Percentage Values Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Numbers with 1% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Numbers with 5% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Numbers with 25% Intervals
• Percentage Increase/Decrease With Decimal Number Percentage Values Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimals with 1% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimals with 5% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimals with 25% Intervals
• Percentage Increase/Decrease With Whole Dollar Percentage Values Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Dollar Amounts with 1% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Dollar Amounts with 5% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Whole Dollar Amounts with 25% Intervals
• Percentage Increase/Decrease With Decimal Dollar Percentage Values Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimal Dollar Amounts with 1% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimal Dollar Amounts with 5% Intervals Percentage Increase/Decrease Decimal Dollar Amounts with 25% Intervals

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Home / United States / Math Classes / 5th Grade Math / Problem Solving using Fractions

Problem Solving using Fractions

Fractions are numbers that exist between whole numbers. We get fractions when we divide whole numbers into equal parts. Here we will learn to solve some real-life problems using fractions. ...Read More Read Less

Table of Contents

What are Fractions?

Types of fractions.

• Fractions with like and unlike denominators
• Operations on fractions
• Fractions can be multiplied by using
• Let’s take a look at a few examples

Solved Examples

• Frequently Asked Questions

Equal parts of a whole or a collection of things are represented by fractions . In other words a fraction is a part or a portion of the whole. When we divide something into equal pieces, each part becomes a fraction of the whole.

For example in the given figure, one pizza represents a whole. When cut into 2 equal parts, each part is half of the whole, that can be represented by the fraction  \(\frac{1}{2}\) . 

Similarly, if it is divided into 4 equal parts, then each part is one fourth of the whole, that can be represented by the fraction \(\frac{1}{4}\) .

Proper fractions

A fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator value is called a  proper fraction.

For example ,  \(\frac{3}{4}\) ,  \(\frac{5}{7}\) ,  \(\frac{3}{8}\)   are proper fractions.

Improper fractions 

A fraction with the numerator higher than or equal to the denominator is called an improper fraction .

Eg \(\frac{9}{4}\) ,  \(\frac{8}{8}\) ,  \(\frac{9}{4}\)   are examples of improper fractions.

Mixed fractions

A mixed number or a mixed fraction is a type of fraction which is a combination of both a whole number and a proper fraction.

We express improper fractions as mixed numbers.

For example ,  5\(\frac{1}{3}\) ,  1\(\frac{4}{9}\) ,  13\(\frac{7}{8}\)   are mixed fractions.

Unit fraction

A unit fraction is a fraction with a numerator equal to one. If a whole or a collection is divided into equal parts, then exactly 1 part of the total parts represents a unit fraction .

Fractions with Like and Unlike Denominators

Like fractions are those in which two or more fractions have the same denominator, whereas unlike fractions are those in which the denominators of two or more fractions are different.

For example,  

\(\frac{1}{4}\)  and  \(\frac{3}{4}\)  are like fractions as they both have the same denominator, that is, 4.

\(\frac{1}{3}\)  and  \(\frac{1}{4}\)   are unlike fractions as they both have a different denominator.

Operations on Fractions

We can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations on fractions.

Fractions with unlike denominators can be added or subtracted using equivalent fractions. Equivalent fractions can be obtained by finding a common denominator. And a common denominator is obtained either by determining a common multiple of the denominators or by calculating the product of the denominators.

There is another method to add or subtract mixed numbers, that is, solve the fractional and whole number parts separately, and then, find their sum to get the final answer.

Fractions can be Multiplied by Using:

Division operations on fractions can be performed using a tape diagram and area model. Also, when a fraction is divided by another fraction then we can solve it by multiplying the dividend with the reciprocal of the divisor. 

Let’s Take a Look at a Few Examples

Addition and subtraction using common denominator

( \(\frac{1}{6} ~+ ~\frac{2}{5}\) )

We apply the method of equivalent fractions. For this we need a common denominator, or a common multiple of the two denominators 6 and 5, that is, 30.

\(\frac{1}{6} ~+ ~\frac{2}{5}\)

= \(\frac{5~+~12}{30}\)  

=  \(\frac{17}{30}\) 

( \(\frac{5}{2}~-~\frac{1}{6}\) )

= \(\frac{12~-~5}{30}\)

= \(\frac{7}{30}\)

Examples of Multiplication and Division

Multiplication:

(\(\frac{1}{6}~\times~\frac{2}{5}\))

= (\(\frac{1~\times~2}{6~\times~5}\))                                       [Multiplying numerator of fractions and multiplying denominator of fractions]

=  \(\frac{2}{30}\)

(\(\frac{2}{5}~÷~\frac{1}{6}\))

= (\(\frac{2 ~\times~ 5}{6~\times~ 1}\))                                     [Multiplying dividend with the reciprocal of divisor]

= (\(\frac{2 ~\times~ 6}{5 ~\times~ 1}\))

= \(\frac{12}{5}\)

Example 1: Solve \(\frac{7}{8}\) + \(\frac{2}{3}\)

Let’s add \(\frac{7}{8}\)  and  \(\frac{2}{3}\)   using equivalent fractions. For this we need to find a common denominator or a common multiple of the two denominators 8 and 3, which is, 24.

\(\frac{7}{8}\) + \(\frac{2}{3}\)

= \(\frac{21~+~16}{24}\)    

= \(\frac{37}{24}\)

Example 2: Solve \(\frac{11}{13}\) – \(\frac{12}{17}\)

Solution:  

Let’s subtract  \(\frac{12}{17}\) from \(\frac{11}{13}\)   using equivalent fractions. For this we need a common denominator or a common multiple of the two denominators 13 and 17, that is, 221.

\(\frac{11}{13}\) – \(\frac{12}{17}\)

= \(\frac{187~-~156}{221}\)

= \(\frac{31}{221}\)

Example 3: Solve \(\frac{15}{13} ~\times~\frac{18}{17}\)

Multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators of the 2 fractions.

\(\frac{15}{13}~\times~\frac{18}{17}\)

= \(\frac{15~~\times~18}{13~~\times~~17}\)

= \(\frac{270}{221}\)

Example 4: Solve \(\frac{25}{33}~\div~\frac{41}{45}\)

Divide by multiplying the dividend with the reciprocal of the divisor.

\(\frac{25}{33}~\div~\frac{41}{45}\)

= \(\frac{25}{33}~\times~\frac{41}{45}\)                            [Multiply with reciprocal of the divisor \(\frac{41}{45}\) , that is, \(\frac{45}{41}\)  ]

= \(\frac{25~\times~45}{33~\times~41}\)

= \(\frac{1125}{1353}\)

Example 5: 

Sam was left with   \(\frac{7}{8}\)  slices of chocolate cake and    \(\frac{3}{7}\)  slices of vanilla cake after he shared the rest with his friends. Find out the total number of slices of cake he had with him. Sam shared   \(\frac{10}{11}\)  slices from the total number he had with his parents. What is the number of slices he has remaining?

To find the total number of slices of cake he had after sharing we need to add the slices of each cake he had,

=   \(\frac{7}{8}\) +   \(\frac{3}{7}\)   

=   \(\frac{49~+~24}{56}\)

=   \(\frac{73}{56}\)

To find out the remaining number of slices Sam has   \(\frac{10}{11}\)  slices need to be deducted from the total number,

= \(\frac{73}{56}~-~\frac{10}{11}\)

=   \(\frac{803~-~560}{616}\)

=   \(\frac{243}{616}\)

Hence, after sharing the cake with his friends, Sam has  \(\frac{73}{56}\) slices of cake, and after sharing with his parents he had  \(\frac{243}{616}\)  slices of cake left with him.

Example 6: Tiffany squeezed oranges to make orange juice for her juice stand. She was able to get 25 ml from one orange. How many oranges does she need to squeeze to fill a jar of   \(\frac{15}{8}\) liters? Each cup that she sells carries 200 ml and she sells each cup for 64 cents. How much money does she make at her juice stand?

First  \(\frac{15}{8}\) l needs to be converted to milliliters.

\(\frac{15}{8}\)l into milliliters =  \(\frac{15}{8}\) x 1000 = 1875 ml

To find the number of oranges, divide the total required quantity by the quantity of juice that one orange can give.

The number of oranges required for 1875 m l of juice =  \(\frac{1875}{25}\) ml = 75 oranges

To find the number of cups she sells, the total quantity of juice is to be divided by the quantity of juice that 1 cup has

=  \(\frac{1875}{200}~=~9\frac{3}{8}\) cups

We know that, the number of cups cannot be a fraction, it has to be a whole number. Also each cup must have 200ml. Hence with the quantity of juice she has she can sell 9 cups,   \(\frac{3}{8}\) th  of a cup cannot be sold alone.

Money made on selling 9 cups = 9 x 64 = 576 cents

Hence she makes 576 cents from her juice stand.

What is a mixed fraction?

A mixed fraction is a number that has a whole number and a fractional part. It is used to represent values between whole numbers.

How will you add fractions with unlike denominators?

When adding fractions with unlike denominators, take the common multiple of the denominators of both the fractions and then convert them into equivalent fractions. 

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Solved Examples on Percentage

The solved examples on percentage will help us to understand how to solve step-by-step different types of percentage problems. Now we will apply the concept of percentage to solve various real-life examples on percentage.

Solved examples on percentage:

1.  In an election, candidate A got 75% of the total valid votes. If 15% of the total votes were declared invalid and the total numbers of votes is 560000, find the number of valid vote polled in favour of candidate.

Total number of invalid votes = 15 % of 560000

                                       = 15/100 × 560000

                                       = 8400000/100

                                       = 84000

Total number of valid votes 560000 – 84000 = 476000

Percentage of votes polled in favour of candidate A = 75 %

Therefore, the number of valid votes polled in favour of candidate A = 75 % of 476000

= 75/100 × 476000

= 35700000/100

2. A shopkeeper bought 600 oranges and 400 bananas. He found 15% of oranges and 8% of bananas were rotten. Find the percentage of fruits in good condition.

Total number of fruits shopkeeper bought = 600 + 400 = 1000

Number of rotten oranges = 15% of 600

                                    = 15/100 × 600

                                    = 9000/100

                                    = 90

Number of rotten bananas = 8% of 400

                                   = 8/100 × 400

                                   = 3200/100

                                   = 32

Therefore, total number of rotten fruits = 90 + 32 = 122

Therefore Number of fruits in good condition = 1000 - 122 = 878

Therefore Percentage of fruits in good condition = (878/1000 × 100)%

                                                                 = (87800/1000)%

                                                                 = 87.8%

3. Aaron had $ 2100 left after spending 30 % of the money he took for shopping. How much money did he take along with him?

Solution:            

Let the money he took for shopping be m.

Money he spent = 30 % of m

                      = 30/100 × m

                      = 3/10 m

Money left with him = m – 3/10 m = (10m – 3m)/10 = 7m/10

But money left with him = $ 2100

Therefore 7m/10 = $ 2100          

m = $ 2100× 10/7

m = $ 21000/7

Therefore, the money he took for shopping is $ 3000.

Fraction into Percentage

Percentage into Fraction

Percentage into Ratio

Ratio into Percentage

Percentage into Decimal

Decimal into Percentage

Percentage of the given Quantity

How much Percentage One Quantity is of Another?

Percentage of a Number

Increase Percentage

Decrease Percentage

Basic Problems on Percentage

Problems on Percentage

Real Life Problems on Percentage

Word Problems on Percentage

Application of Percentage

8th Grade Math Practice From Solved Examples on Percentage to HOME PAGE

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9.2: Solving Basic Percent Problems

• Last updated
• Save as PDF
• Page ID 137938

• David Arnold
• College of the Redwoods

There are three basic types of percent problems:

• Find a given percent of a given number. For example, find 25% of 640.
• Find a percent given two numbers. For example, 15 is what percent of 50?
• Find a number that is a given percent of another number. For example, 10% of what number is 12?

Let’s begin with the first of these types.

Find a Given Percent of a Given Number

Let’s begin with our first example.

What number is 25% of 640?

Let x represent the unknown number. Translate the words into an equation.

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{What number} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{25%} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{640} \\ x & = & 25 \% & \cdot & 640 \end{array}\nonumber \]

Now, solve the equation for x.

\[ \begin{aligned} x = 25 \% \cdot 640 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ x = 0.25 \cdot 640 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Change 25% to a decimal: 25% = 0.25.}} \\ x = 160 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply: 0.25 \cdot 640 = 160.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, 25% of 640 is 160.

Alternate Solution

We could also change 25% to a fraction.

\[ \begin{aligned} x = 25 \% \cdot 640 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ x = \frac{1}{4} \cdot 640 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Change 25% to a fraction: 25% = 25/100 = 1/4.}} \\ x = \frac{640}{4} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply numerators and denominators.}} \\ x = 160 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide: 640/4 = 160.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Same answer.

What number is 36% of 120?

What is number \(8 \frac{1}{3} \%\) of 120?

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{What number} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{8 (1/3)%} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{120} \\ x & = & 8 \frac{1}{3} \% & \cdot & 120 \end{array}\nonumber \]

Now, solve the equation for x . Because

\[8 \frac{1}{3} \%= 8.3 \% = 0.08 \overline{3},\nonumber \]

working with decimals requires that we work with a repeating decimal. To do so, we would have to truncate the decimal representation of the percent at some place and satisfy ourselves with an approximate answer. Instead, let’s change the percent to a fraction and seek an exact answer.

\[ \begin{aligned} 8 \frac{1}{3} \% = \frac{8 \frac{1}{3}}{100} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Percent: Parts per hundred.}} \\ = \frac{ \frac{25}{3}}{100} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Mixed to improper fraction.}} \\ = \frac{25}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{100} ~& \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Invert and multiply.}} \\ = \frac{25}{300} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply numerators and denominators.}} \\ = \frac{1}{12} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Reduce: Divide numerator and denominator by 25.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Now we can solve our equation for x .

\[ \begin{aligned} = 8 \frac{1}{3} \% \cdot 120 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ x = \frac{1}{12} \cdot 120 ~ & \textcolor{red}{8 \frac{1}{3} \% = 1/12.} \\ x = \frac{120}{12} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply numerators and denominators.}} \\ x = 10 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide: 120/12 = 10.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, \(8 \frac{1}{3} \%\) of 120 is 10.

What number is \(4 \frac{1}{6} \%\) of 1,200?

What number is \(105 \frac{1}{4} \%\) of 18.2?

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{What number} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{105 (1/4) %} & \text{ of } & 18.2 \\ x & = & 105 \frac{1}{4} \% & \cdot & 18.2 \end{array}\nonumber \]

In this case, the fraction terminates as 1/4=0.25, so

\[105 \frac{1}{4} \% = 105.25% = 1.0525.\nonumber \]

\[ \begin{aligned} x = 105 \frac{1}{4} \% \cdot 18.2 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ x = 1.0525 \cdot 18.2 ~ & \textcolor{red}{5 \frac{1}{4} \% = 1.0525.} \\ x = 19.1555 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, \(105 \frac{1}{4} \%\) of 18.2 is 19.1555.

What number is \(105 \frac{3}{4} \%\) of 222?

Find a Percent Given Two Numbers

Now we’ll address our second item on the list at the beginning of the section.

15 is what percent of 50?

Let x represent the unknown percent. Translate the words into an equation.

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{15} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{what percent} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{50} \\ 15 & = & x & \cdot & 50 \end{array}\nonumber \]

The commutative property of multiplication allows us to change the order of multiplication on the right-hand side of this equation.

\[15 = 50x.\nonumber \]

\[ \begin{aligned} 15 = 50x ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ \frac{15}{50} = \frac{50x}{50} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide both sides by 50.}} \\ \frac{15}{50} = x ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Simplify right-hand side.}} \\ x = 0.30 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide: 15/50 = 0.30.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

But we must express our answer as a percent. To do this, move the decimal two places to the right and append a percent symbol.

Thus, 15 is 30% of 50.

Alternative Conversion

At the third step of the equation solution, we had

\[x = \frac{15}{50}.\nonumber \]

We can convert this to an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100.

\[x = \frac{15 \cdot 2}{50 \cdot 2} = \frac{30}{100}\nonumber \]

Thus, 15/50 = 30/100 = 30%.

14 is what percent of 25?

10 is what percent of 80?

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{10} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{what percent} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{80} \\ 10 & = & x & \cdot & 80 \end{array}\nonumber \]

The commutative property of multiplication allows us to write the right-hand side as

\[10 = 80x.\nonumber \]

\[ \begin{aligned} 10 = 80x ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Original equation.}} \\ \frac{10}{80} = \frac{80x}{80} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide both sides by 80.}} \\ \frac{1}{8} = x ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Reduce: } 10/80 = 1/8.} \\ 0.125 = x ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide: } 1/8 = 0.125.} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, 10 is 12.5% of 80.

\[x = \frac{1}{8} .\nonumber \]

We can convert this to an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100 by setting up the proportion

\[\frac{1}{8} = \frac{n}{100}\nonumber \]

Cross multiply and solve for n .

\[ \begin{aligned} 8n = 100 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Cross multiply.}} \\ \frac{8n}{8} = \frac{100}{8} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide both sides by 8.}} \\ n = \frac{25}{8} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Reduce: Divide numerator and denominator by 4.}} \\ n = 12 \frac{1}{2} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Change 25/2 to mixed fraction.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

\[ \frac{1}{8} = \frac{12 \frac{1}{2}}{100} = 12 \frac{1}{2} \%.\nonumber \]

10 is what percent of 200?

Find a Number that is a Given Percent of Another Number

Let’s address the third item on the list at the beginning of the section.

10% of what number is 12?

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{10%} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{what number} & \text{ is } & \colorbox{cyan}{12} \\ 10 \% & \cdot & x & = & 12 \end{array}\nonumber \]

Change 10% to a fraction: 10% = 10/100 = 1/10.

\[ \frac{1}{10} x = 12\nonumber \]

\[ \begin{aligned} 10 \left( \frac{1}{10} x \right) = 10(12) ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply both sides by 10.}} \\ x = 120 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Simplify.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, 10% of 120 is 12.

Alternative Solution

We can also change 10% to a decimal: 10% = 0.10. Then our equation becomes

\[0.10x = 12\nonumber \]

Now we can divide both sides of the equation by 0.10.

\[ \begin{aligned} \frac{0.10x}{0.10} = \frac{12}{0.10} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide both sides by 0.10.}} \\ x = 120 ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Divide: 12/0.10 = 120.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

20% of what number is 45?

\(11 \frac{1}{9} \%\) of what number is 20?

\[ \begin{array}{c c c c c} \colorbox{cyan}{11 (1/9) %} & \text{ of } & \colorbox{cyan}{what number} & \text{ is } \colorbox{cyan}{20} \\ 11 \frac{1}{9} \% & \cdot & x & = & 20 \end{array}\nonumber \]

Change \(11 \frac{1}{9} \%\) to a fraction.

\[ \begin{aligned} 11 \frac{1}{9} \% ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Percent: Parts per hundred.}} \\ = \frac{ \frac{100}{9}}{100} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Mixed to improper: } 11 \frac{1}{9} = 100/9.} \\ = \frac{100}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{100} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Invert and multiply.}} \\ = \frac{ \cancel{100}}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{ \cancel{100}} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Cancel.}} \\ = \frac{1}{9} ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Simplify.}} \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Replace \(11 \frac{1}{9} \%\) with 1/9 in the equation and solve for x .

\[ \begin{aligned} \frac{1}{9} x = 20 ~ & ~ \textcolor{red}{11 \frac{1}{9} \% = 1/9/} \\ 9 \left( \frac{1}{9} x \right) = 9(20) ~ & \textcolor{red}{ \text{ Multiply both sides by 9.}} \\ x = 180 \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Thus, \(11 \frac{1}{9} \%\) of 180 is 20.

\(12 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of what number is 760?

1. What number is 22.4% of 125?

2. What number is 159.2% of 125?

3. 60% of what number is 90?

4. 25% of what number is 40?

5. 200% of what number is 132?

6. 200% of what number is 208?

7. 162.5% of what number is 195?

8. 187.5% of what number is 90?

9. 126.4% of what number is 158?

10. 132.5% of what number is 159?

11. 27 is what percent of 45?

12. 9 is what percent of 50?

13. 37.5% of what number is 57?

14. 162.5% of what number is 286?

15. What number is 85% of 100?

16. What number is 10% of 70?

17. What number is 200% of 15?

18. What number is 50% of 84?

19. 50% of what number is 58?

20. 132% of what number is 198?

21. 5.6 is what percent of 40?

22. 7.7 is what percent of 35?

23. What number is 18.4% of 125?

24. What number is 11.2% of 125?

25. 30.8 is what percent of 40?

26. 6.3 is what percent of 15?

27. 7.2 is what percent of 16?

28. 55.8 is what percent of 60?

29. What number is 89.6% of 125?

30. What number is 86.4% of 125?

31. 60 is what percent of 80?

32. 16 is what percent of 8?

33. What number is 200% of 11?

34. What number is 150% of 66?

35. 27 is what percent of 18?

36. 9 is what percent of 15?

37. \(133 \frac{1}{3} \%\) of what number is 80?

38. \(121 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of what number is 73?

39. What number is \(54 \frac{1}{3} \%\) of 6?

40. What number is \(82 \frac{2}{5} \%\) of 5?

41. What number is \(62 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of 32?

42. What number is \(118 \frac{3}{4} \%\) of 32?

43. \(77 \frac{1}{7} \%\) of what number is 27?

44. \(82 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of what number is 62?

45. What number is \(142 \frac{6}{7} \%\) of 77?

46. What number is \(116 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of 84?

47. \(143 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of what number is 5.74?

48. \(77 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of what number is 6.2?

49. \(141 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of what number is 68?

50. \(108 \frac{1}{3} \%\) of what number is 78?

51. What number is \(66 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of 96?

52. What number is \(79 \frac{1}{6} \%\) of 48?

53. \(59 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of what number is 2.38?

54. \(140 \frac{1}{5} \%\) of what number is 35.05?

55. \(78 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of what number is 7.85?

56. \(73 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of what number is 4.41?

57. What number is \(56 \frac{2}{3} \%\) of 51?

58. What number is \(64 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of 4?

59. What number is \(87 \frac{1}{2} \%\) of 70?

60. What number is \(146 \frac{1}{4} \%\) of 4?

61. It was reported that 80% of the retail price of milk was for packaging and distribution. The remaining 20% was paid to the dairy farmer. If a gallon of milk cost $3.80, how much of the retail price did the farmer receive?

62. At $1.689 per gallon of gas the cost is distributed as follows:

\[ \begin{aligned} \text{Crude oil supplies } & ~ $0.95 \\ \text{Oil Companies } & ~ $0.23 \\ \text{State and City taxes } & ~ $0.23 \\ \text{Federal tax } & ~ $0.19 \\ \text{Service Station } & ~ $0.10 \end{aligned}\nonumber \]

Data is from Money, March 2009 p. 22, based on U. S. averages in December 2008. Answer the following questions rounded to the nearest whole percent.

a) What % of the cost is paid for crude oil supplies?

b) What % of the cost is paid to the service station?

PROBLEM SOLVING WITH FRACTIONS DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES WORKSHEET

Problems with fractions.

(1)  A fruit merchant bought mangoes in bulk. He sold 5/8  of the mangoes. 1/16 of the mangoes were spoiled. 300 mangoes remained with him. How many mangoes did he buy? 

(2)  A family requires 2 1/2 liters of milk per day. How much milk would family require in a month of 31 days?  

(3)  A ream of paper weighs 12 1/2 kg.  What is the weight per quire ?

(4)   It was Richard's birthday. He distributed 6 kg of candies to his friends. If he had given 1/8  kg of candies to each friend, how many friends were there ?

(5)  Rachel bought a pizza and ate 2/5 of it. If he had given 2/3 of the remaining to his friend, what fraction of the original pizza will be remaining now ?

Answer Key :

(1)  960 mangoes

(2)   77 1/2 liter

(3)  5/8 kg

(4)   48 friends

(5)  1/5

Fraction Word Problems Mixed Operations

(1)  Linda walked 2 1/3 miles on the first day and 3 2/5   miles on the next day. How many miles did she walk in all ?                Solution

(2)   David ate 2 1/7 pizzas and he gave 1 3/14    pizzas to his mother. How many pizzas did David have initially ?

(3)   Mr. A has 3 2/3 acres of land. He gave 1 1/4 acres of land to his friend. How many acres of land does Mr. A have now ?          Solution

(4)   Lily added 3 1/3 cups of walnuts to a batch of trail mix. Later she added 1 1/3 cups of almonds. How many cups of nuts did Lily put in the trail mix in all? 

(5)   In the first hockey games of the year, Rodayo played 1 1/2 periods and 1 3/4 periods. How many periods in all did he play ?         Solution

(6)   A bag can hold 1 1/2 pounds of flour. If Mimi has 7 1/2 pounds of flour, then how many bags of flour can Mimi make ?        Solution

(7)   Jack and John went fishing Jack caught 3 3/4 kg of fish and while John  caught 2 1/5 kg of fish. What is the total weight of the fish they caught?

(8)   Amy has 3 1/2 bottles in her refrigerator. She used 3/5 bottle in the morning 1 1/4 bottle in the afternoon. How many bottles of milk does Amy have left over ?  

(9)   A tank has 82 3/4 liters of water. 24 4/5 liters of water were used and the tank was filled with another 18 3/4 liters. What is the final volume of the water in the tank ?

(10)   A trader prepared 21 1/2 liters of lemonade. At the end of the day he had 2 5/8 liters left over. How many liters of lemonade was sold by the Trader? 

Answer key :

Problems on Decimals

(1)  A chemist mixed 6.35 grams of one compound with 2.45 grams of another compound. How many grams were there in the mixture.      Solution

(2)   If the cost of a pen is $10.50, a book is $25.75 and a bag is $45.50, the  find the total cost of 2 books, 3 pens and 1 bag.         Solution

(3)    John wants to buy a bicycle that cost $ 450.75. He has saved $ 125.35. How much more money must John save in order to have enough money to buy the bicycle ?

(4)   Jennifer bought 6.5 kg of sugar. she used 3750 grams. How many kilograms of sugar were left ?

(5)   The inner radius of a pipe is 12.625 mm and the outer radius is 18.025 mm. Find the thickness of the pipe.          Solution

(6)   A copy of English book weighs 0.45 kg. What is the weight of 20 copies ?          Solution

(7)   Find the weight of 25.5 meters of copper wire in kilograms, if one meter weighs 10 grams.          Solution

(8)   Robert paid $140 for 2.8 kg of cooking oil. How much did 1 kg of the cooking oil cost ?         Solution

(9)   If $20.70 is earned in 6 hours, how much money will be earned in 5 hours ?            Solution

(10)   A pipe is 76.8 meters long. What will the greatest number of pieces of pipe each 8 meters long that can be cut from this pipe ?          Solution

Answers Key :

Problems on Percentage

(1)  In a particular store the number of TV's sold the week of Black Friday was 685. The number of TVs sold the following week was 500. TV sales the week following Black Friday were what percent less than TV sales the week of Black Friday ?

(A)  17%   (B)  27%   (C)  37%   (D)  47%

(2)  In March, a city zoo attracted 32000 visitors to its polar bear exhibit. In April, the number of visitors to the exhibit increased by 15%. How many visitors did the zoo attract to its polar bear exhibit in April ?

(A)  32150   (B)  32480   (C)  35200  (D)  36800

(3)  A charity organization collected 2140 donations last month. With the help of 50 additional volunteers, the organization collected 2690 donations this month. To the nearest tenth of a percent, what was the percent increase in the number of donations the charity organization collected ?

(A) 20.4%   (B)  20.7%    (C)  25.4%   (D)  25.7%

(4)  The discount price of a book is 20% less than the retail price. James manages to purchase the book at 30% off the discount price at the special book sale. What percent of the retail price did James pay ?

(A)  42%   (B)  48%    (C)  50%   (D)  56%

(5)  Each day, Robert eats 40% of the pistachios left in his jar at the time. At the end of the second day, 27 pistachios remain. How many pistachios were in the jar at the start of the first day ?

(A)  75   (B)  80   (C)  85  (D)  95

(6) Joanne bought a doll at a 10 percent discount off the original price of $105.82. However, she had to pay a sales tax of x% on the discounted price. If the total amount she paid for the doll was $100, what is the value of x ?

(A)  2   (B)  3   (C)  4  (D)  5

(7)  In 2010, the number of houses built in Town A was 25 percent greater than the number of houses built in Town B. If 70 houses were built in Town A during 2010, how many were built in Town B ?

(A)  56   (B)  50    (C)  48   (D)  20

(8)  Over two week span, John ate 20 pounds of chicken wings and 15 pounds of hot dogs. Kyle ate 20 percent more chicken wings and 40 percent more hot dogs. Considering only chicken wings and hot dogs, Kyle ate approximately x percent more food, by weight, than John, what is x (rounded to the nearest percent) ?

(A)  25   (B)  27    (C)  29   (D)  30

(9) Due to deforestation, researchers, expect the deer population to decline by 6 percent every year. If the current deer population is 12000, what is the approximate expected population size in 10 years from now ?

(A)  25000   (B)  48000    (C)  56000   (D)  30000

(10)  In 2000 the price of a house was $72600. By 2010 the price of the house has increased to 125598.

(A)  70%    (B)  62%    (C)  73%    (D)  90%

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How Tesla Planted the Seeds for Its Own Potential Downfall

Elon musk’s factory in china saved his company and made him ultrarich. now, it may backfire..

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When Elon Musk set up Tesla’s factory in China, he made a bet that brought him cheap parts and capable workers — a bet that made him ultrarich and saved his company.

Mara Hvistendahl, an investigative reporter for The Times, explains why, now, that lifeline may have given China the tools to beat Tesla at its own game.

On today’s episode

Mara Hvistendahl , an investigative reporter for The New York Times.

Background reading

A pivot to China saved Elon Musk. It also bound him to Beijing .

Mr. Musk helped create the Chinese electric vehicle industry. But he is now facing challenges there as well as scrutiny in the West over his reliance on China.

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Katrin Bennhold is the Berlin bureau chief. A former Nieman fellow at Harvard University, she previously reported from London and Paris, covering a range of topics from the rise of populism to gender. More about Katrin Bennhold

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