how to publish research paper in international journal free

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• CAREER FEATURE
• 02 September 2024

How can I publish open access when I can’t afford the fees?

• Nikki Forrester 0

Nikki Forrester is a science journalist based in Davis, West Virginia.

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The problem

Dear Nature ,

I’m a paediatrician based in South Africa. Last year, my colleagues and I were invited to submit an editorial to a medical journal. We felt that the article, about medicine in resource-limited settings, should be published open access (OA) because it contains information that health-care workers and researchers in sub-Saharan Africa need access to. The problem is that the OA fee for that journal is US$1,000, which is more than most doctors earn per month in, say, Uganda. Now, we’re not sure whether we can move forward with the editorial. Are there any resources or funds available to authors in low-income countries to cover OA fees? — A paediatrician on a budget

Nature reached out to three researchers for tips on article processing charges (APCs). These fees can range from several hundred to thousands of dollars, and are requested by journals in return for making their articles OA — free for everyone to read.

According to a study published in 2023, the average fee for publishing an OA article is close to US$1,400 1 . OA fees can create significant barriers to publishing and sharing one’s work, especially for researchers based in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). For instance, among the top 40 journals in ecology, the average OA fee was $3,150, according to a 2021 study 2 . The authors described it as a hardship for African scholars, who typically do not receive grant funding and whose monthly salaries at the time of the study ranged from $365 to $2,300.

I’m worried I’ve been contacted by a predatory publisher — how do I find out?

Most scientific journals are transparent about their publishing fees, which are typically included in the author guidelines or stated on their website. “If a journal suddenly asks for payment” having not mentioned such a requirement initially, says Kit Magellan, an independent behavioural ecologist based in Siem Reap, Cambodia, “it is likely a predatory journal — run away!” Predatory journals present themselves as legitimate publications, but use the OA publishing model to dupe authors into paying them fees.

If the APCs for a legitimate journal are too steep for you to afford, there are multiple ways to tackle the cost. “The first thing to do is check in with your co-authors to see if they have any funds available,” says Magellan, because scientists might be eligible to have APCs covered by their grants or by funding organizations. If not, she recommends asking your institution if it provides researchers with financial support to publish OA.

Institutional support for APCs is highly variable, ranging from offering no funding to covering the full cost. “Processing fees can get prohibitively expensive,” says Thulani Makhalanyane, a microbial ecologist at Stellenbosch University in South Africa. “My institution will reimburse half the cost, but I still have to think about where the other half of that expense will come from.”

Both Magellan and Makhalanyane note that scientific societies often offer their members grants or financial support — separate from funding for day-to-day laboratory work — to pay for APCs. For example, in December 2023, the American Physical Society announced a partnership with the non-profit organization Research4Life to cover APCs for paper submissions from scientists in 100 LMICs. Since 2002, Research4Life has helped researchers at more than 11,500 institutions in 125 LMICs access peer-reviewed papers from over 200,000 journals and books. Other governmental partnerships and programmes, such as the European Commission’s Open Research Europe and the library partnership SCOAP , pay OA fees directly to publishers, to avoid publishers passing those costs on to authors.

Another option is to contact the journal you want to publish with, to see whether it can offer assistance or flexibility with APCs. When approaching a journal editor, Makhalanyane recommends being upfront and open about your budget. “Tell the editor you’d like to submit your paper to their journal because you think it’s a good fit, but that you can’t afford the fee,” he says. As a journal editor himself, Makhalanyane receives several OA fee waivers from the publisher each year that he can offer to researchers. “Most of these vouchers are never taken,” he adds.

Springer Nature was asked whether it provides assistance with APCs for researchers in LMICs. (Springer Nature publishes Nature , but the magazine’s careers team is editorially independent of its publisher.) “Enabling open-access equity remains a key part of our focus,” said a spokesperson, who made reference to the publisher’s waiver policy for fully OA journals, Transformative Agreements and partnerships with organizations such as Research4Life .

The spokesperson also noted that the company has an initiative for Nature and the Nature research journals that means that accepted papers by authors from more than 70 LMICs are published at no cost to them . Finally, a tiered-pricing pilot adjusts the APC on the basis of the lead author’s country of residence, the spokesperson said.

Other researchers who want to pursue the OA route wait until their paper is close to publication before approaching an editor about the cost. “I don’t consider budget issues when I submit papers,” says Noam Shomron, a genomicist and computational biologist at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The peer-review and publication process can span months to a year or longer, and researchers’ budgets can fluctuate drastically over that period, he explains. “If I’m running out of funding at the time, I just tell the publication I don’t have the money. Very often they give me a 10% or 20% discount, which is nice.” Even if a discount isn’t possible, Shomron says that journals might defer payment for a year or two.

Magellan, who also has experience as a journal editor, emphasizes that vouchers and fee waivers are meant for exceptional circumstances, in which the author lacks access to funding to cover APCs. For those who are paying the standard charges, she is keen to see more-flexible payment plans from publishers. “It would be good for journals to allow authors to pay in instalments so the APC vouchers can remain available for the people who really need it,” she says.

Collection: Careers toolkit

“The recent proliferation of online fee-paying journals seems to sometimes result in the perception that you have to pay to publish,” says Magellan. But researchers who can’t afford OA fees can still publish their work for free in many scientific journals, with the caveat that their articles might be hidden behind a paywall. “You can still share your article with colleagues in the field, use it in presentations and cite it; it just can’t be freely accessed,” she says. However, researchers at eligible institutions in LMICs can access paywalled papers through resources such as Hinari, a branch of Research4Life that provides access to thousands of medical and health journals.

“Submissions that come from the parts of the world where researchers can’t afford to publish are usually such a minor fraction of the papers that end up being published,” says Makhalanyane. “I would encourage people who want to publish and genuinely cannot afford the APCs to ask for vouchers. The fees shouldn’t stop you from showcasing your science in the best journals you can.”

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-02849-w

This is part of a series in Nature in which we share advice on career issues faced by readers. Have a problem? E-mail us at [email protected]

Borrego, Á. Learn. Publ. 36 , 359–378 (2023).

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Home » How to Publish a Research Paper – Step by Step Guide

How to Publish a Research Paper – Step by Step Guide

Table of Contents

Publishing a research paper is an important step for researchers to disseminate their findings to a wider audience and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their field. Whether you are a graduate student, a postdoctoral fellow, or an established researcher, publishing a paper requires careful planning, rigorous research, and clear writing. In this process, you will need to identify a research question , conduct a thorough literature review , design a methodology, analyze data, and draw conclusions. Additionally, you will need to consider the appropriate journals or conferences to submit your work to and adhere to their guidelines for formatting and submission. In this article, we will discuss some ways to publish your Research Paper.

How to Publish a Research Paper

To Publish a Research Paper follow the guide below:

• Conduct original research : Conduct thorough research on a specific topic or problem. Collect data, analyze it, and draw conclusions based on your findings.
• Write the paper : Write a detailed paper describing your research. It should include an abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
• Choose a suitable journal or conference : Look for a journal or conference that specializes in your research area. You can check their submission guidelines to ensure your paper meets their requirements.
• Prepare your submission: Follow the guidelines and prepare your submission, including the paper, abstract, cover letter, and any other required documents.
• Submit the paper: Submit your paper online through the journal or conference website. Make sure you meet the submission deadline.
• Peer-review process : Your paper will be reviewed by experts in the field who will provide feedback on the quality of your research, methodology, and conclusions.
• Revisions : Based on the feedback you receive, revise your paper and resubmit it.
• Acceptance : Once your paper is accepted, you will receive a notification from the journal or conference. You may need to make final revisions before the paper is published.
• Publication : Your paper will be published online or in print. You can also promote your work through social media or other channels to increase its visibility.

How to Choose Journal for Research Paper Publication

Here are some steps to follow to help you select an appropriate journal:

• Identify your research topic and audience : Your research topic and intended audience should guide your choice of journal. Identify the key journals in your field of research and read the scope and aim of the journal to determine if your paper is a good fit.
• Analyze the journal’s impact and reputation : Check the impact factor and ranking of the journal, as well as its acceptance rate and citation frequency. A high-impact journal can give your paper more visibility and credibility.
• Consider the journal’s publication policies : Look for the journal’s publication policies such as the word count limit, formatting requirements, open access options, and submission fees. Make sure that you can comply with the requirements and that the journal is in line with your publication goals.
• Look at recent publications : Review recent issues of the journal to evaluate whether your paper would fit in with the journal’s current content and style.
• Seek advice from colleagues and mentors: Ask for recommendations and suggestions from your colleagues and mentors in your field, especially those who have experience publishing in the same or similar journals.
• Be prepared to make changes : Be prepared to revise your paper according to the requirements and guidelines of the chosen journal. It is also important to be open to feedback from the editor and reviewers.

List of Journals for Research Paper Publications

There are thousands of academic journals covering various fields of research. Here are some of the most popular ones, categorized by field:

General/Multidisciplinary

• Nature: https://www.nature.com/
• Science: https://www.sciencemag.org/
• PLOS ONE: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/
• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS): https://www.pnas.org/
• The Lancet: https://www.thelancet.com/
• JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association): https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama

Social Sciences/Humanities

• Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/psp
• Journal of Consumer Research: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/journals/jcr
• Journal of Educational Psychology: https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/edu
• Journal of Applied Psychology: https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/apl
• Journal of Communication: https://academic.oup.com/joc
• American Journal of Political Science: https://ajps.org/
• Journal of International Business Studies: https://www.jibs.net/
• Journal of Marketing Research: https://www.ama.org/journal-of-marketing-research/

Natural Sciences

• Journal of Biological Chemistry: https://www.jbc.org/
• Cell: https://www.cell.com/
• Science Advances: https://advances.sciencemag.org/
• Chemical Reviews: https://pubs.acs.org/journal/chreay
• Angewandte Chemie: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15213765
• Physical Review Letters: https://journals.aps.org/prl/
• Journal of Geophysical Research: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/2156531X
• Journal of High Energy Physics: https://link.springer.com/journal/13130

Engineering/Technology

• IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5962385
• IEEE Transactions on Power Systems: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=59
• IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=42
• IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=87
• Journal of Engineering Mechanics: https://ascelibrary.org/journal/jenmdt
• Journal of Materials Science: https://www.springer.com/journal/10853
• Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jcej
• Journal of Mechanical Design: https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/mechanicaldesign

Medical/Health Sciences

• New England Journal of Medicine: https://www.nejm.org/
• The BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal): https://www.bmj.com/
• Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA): https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama
• Annals of Internal Medicine: https://www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim
• American Journal of Epidemiology: https://academic.oup.com/aje
• Journal of Clinical Oncology: https://ascopubs.org/journal/jco
• Journal of Infectious Diseases: https://academic.oup.com/jid

List of Conferences for Research Paper Publications

There are many conferences that accept research papers for publication. The specific conferences you should consider will depend on your field of research. Here are some suggestions for conferences in a few different fields:

Computer Science and Information Technology:

• IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM): https://www.ieee-infocom.org/
• ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Data Communication: https://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/
• IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP): https://www.ieee-security.org/TC/SP/
• ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS): https://www.sigsac.org/ccs/
• ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (CHI): https://chi2022.acm.org/

Engineering:

• IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA): https://www.ieee-icra.org/
• International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE): http://www.icmae.org/
• International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (ICCEE): http://www.iccee.org/
• International Conference on Materials Science and Engineering (ICMSE): http://www.icmse.org/
• International Conference on Energy and Power Engineering (ICEPE): http://www.icepe.org/

Natural Sciences:

• American Chemical Society National Meeting & Exposition: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/meetings/national-meeting.html
• American Physical Society March Meeting: https://www.aps.org/meetings/march/
• International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (ICEST): http://www.icest.org/
• International Conference on Natural Science and Environment (ICNSE): http://www.icnse.org/
• International Conference on Life Science and Biological Engineering (LSBE): http://www.lsbe.org/

Social Sciences:

• Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association (ASA): https://www.asanet.org/annual-meeting-2022
• International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ICSSH): http://www.icssh.org/
• International Conference on Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (ICPBS): http://www.icpbs.org/
• International Conference on Education and Social Science (ICESS): http://www.icess.org/
• International Conference on Management and Information Science (ICMIS): http://www.icmis.org/

How to Publish a Research Paper in Journal

Publishing a research paper in a journal is a crucial step in disseminating scientific knowledge and contributing to the field. Here are the general steps to follow:

• Choose a research topic : Select a topic of your interest and identify a research question or problem that you want to investigate. Conduct a literature review to identify the gaps in the existing knowledge that your research will address.
• Conduct research : Develop a research plan and methodology to collect data and conduct experiments. Collect and analyze data to draw conclusions that address the research question.
• Write a paper: Organize your findings into a well-structured paper with clear and concise language. Your paper should include an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Use academic language and provide references for your sources.
• Choose a journal: Choose a journal that is relevant to your research topic and audience. Consider factors such as impact factor, acceptance rate, and the reputation of the journal.
• Follow journal guidelines : Review the submission guidelines and formatting requirements of the journal. Follow the guidelines carefully to ensure that your paper meets the journal’s requirements.
• Submit your paper : Submit your paper to the journal through the online submission system or by email. Include a cover letter that briefly explains the significance of your research and why it is suitable for the journal.
• Wait for reviews: Your paper will be reviewed by experts in the field. Be prepared to address their comments and make revisions to your paper.
• Revise and resubmit: Make revisions to your paper based on the reviewers’ comments and resubmit it to the journal. If your paper is accepted, congratulations! If not, consider revising and submitting it to another journal.
• Address reviewer comments : Reviewers may provide comments and suggestions for revisions to your paper. Address these comments carefully and thoughtfully to improve the quality of your paper.
• Submit the final version: Once your revisions are complete, submit the final version of your paper to the journal. Be sure to follow any additional formatting guidelines and requirements provided by the journal.
• Publication : If your paper is accepted, it will be published in the journal. Some journals provide online publication while others may publish a print version. Be sure to cite your published paper in future research and communicate your findings to the scientific community.

How to Publish a Research Paper for Students

Here are some steps you can follow to publish a research paper as an Under Graduate or a High School Student:

• Select a topic: Choose a topic that is relevant and interesting to you, and that you have a good understanding of.
• Conduct research : Gather information and data on your chosen topic through research, experiments, surveys, or other means.
• Write the paper : Start with an outline, then write the introduction, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion sections of the paper. Be sure to follow any guidelines provided by your instructor or the journal you plan to submit to.
• Edit and revise: Review your paper for errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Ask a peer or mentor to review your paper and provide feedback for improvement.
• Choose a journal : Look for journals that publish papers in your field of study and that are appropriate for your level of research. Some popular journals for students include PLOS ONE, Nature, and Science.
• Submit the paper: Follow the submission guidelines for the journal you choose, which typically include a cover letter, abstract, and formatting requirements. Be prepared to wait several weeks to months for a response.
• Address feedback : If your paper is accepted with revisions, address the feedback from the reviewers and resubmit your paper. If your paper is rejected, review the feedback and consider revising and resubmitting to a different journal.

How to Publish a Research Paper for Free

Publishing a research paper for free can be challenging, but it is possible. Here are some steps you can take to publish your research paper for free:

• Choose a suitable open-access journal: Look for open-access journals that are relevant to your research area. Open-access journals allow readers to access your paper without charge, so your work will be more widely available.
• Check the journal’s reputation : Before submitting your paper, ensure that the journal is reputable by checking its impact factor, publication history, and editorial board.
• Follow the submission guidelines : Every journal has specific guidelines for submitting papers. Make sure to follow these guidelines carefully to increase the chances of acceptance.
• Submit your paper : Once you have completed your research paper, submit it to the journal following their submission guidelines.
• Wait for the review process: Your paper will undergo a peer-review process, where experts in your field will evaluate your work. Be patient during this process, as it can take several weeks or even months.
• Revise your paper : If your paper is rejected, don’t be discouraged. Revise your paper based on the feedback you receive from the reviewers and submit it to another open-access journal.
• Promote your research: Once your paper is published, promote it on social media and other online platforms. This will increase the visibility of your work and help it reach a wider audience.

Journals and Conferences for Free Research Paper publications

Here are the websites of the open-access journals and conferences mentioned:

Open-Access Journals:

• PLOS ONE – https://journals.plos.org/plosone/
• BMC Research Notes – https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/
• Frontiers in… – https://www.frontiersin.org/
• Journal of Open Research Software – https://openresearchsoftware.metajnl.com/
• PeerJ – https://peerj.com/

Conferences:

• IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) – https://globecom2022.ieee-globecom.org/
• IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM) – https://infocom2022.ieee-infocom.org/
• IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM) – https://www.ieee-icdm.org/
• ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Data Communication (SIGCOMM) – https://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/
• ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) – https://www.sigsac.org/ccs/CCS2022/

Importance of Research Paper Publication

Research paper publication is important for several reasons, both for individual researchers and for the scientific community as a whole. Here are some reasons why:

• Advancing scientific knowledge : Research papers provide a platform for researchers to present their findings and contribute to the body of knowledge in their field. These papers often contain novel ideas, experimental data, and analyses that can help to advance scientific understanding.
• Building a research career : Publishing research papers is an essential component of building a successful research career. Researchers are often evaluated based on the number and quality of their publications, and having a strong publication record can increase one’s chances of securing funding, tenure, or a promotion.
• Peer review and quality control: Publication in a peer-reviewed journal means that the research has been scrutinized by other experts in the field. This peer review process helps to ensure the quality and validity of the research findings.
• Recognition and visibility : Publishing a research paper can bring recognition and visibility to the researchers and their work. It can lead to invitations to speak at conferences, collaborations with other researchers, and media coverage.
• Impact on society : Research papers can have a significant impact on society by informing policy decisions, guiding clinical practice, and advancing technological innovation.

Advantages of Research Paper Publication

There are several advantages to publishing a research paper, including:

• Recognition: Publishing a research paper allows researchers to gain recognition for their work, both within their field and in the academic community as a whole. This can lead to new collaborations, invitations to conferences, and other opportunities to share their research with a wider audience.
• Career advancement : A strong publication record can be an important factor in career advancement, particularly in academia. Publishing research papers can help researchers secure funding, grants, and promotions.
• Dissemination of knowledge : Research papers are an important way to share new findings and ideas with the broader scientific community. By publishing their research, scientists can contribute to the collective body of knowledge in their field and help advance scientific understanding.
• Feedback and peer review : Publishing a research paper allows other experts in the field to provide feedback on the research, which can help improve the quality of the work and identify potential flaws or limitations. Peer review also helps ensure that research is accurate and reliable.
• Citation and impact : Published research papers can be cited by other researchers, which can help increase the impact and visibility of the research. High citation rates can also help establish a researcher’s reputation and credibility within their field.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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How to Write and Publish a Research Paper for a Peer-Reviewed Journal

Clara busse.

1 Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr, 27599 Chapel Hill, NC USA

Ella August

2 Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029 USA

Associated Data

Communicating research findings is an essential step in the research process. Often, peer-reviewed journals are the forum for such communication, yet many researchers are never taught how to write a publishable scientific paper. In this article, we explain the basic structure of a scientific paper and describe the information that should be included in each section. We also identify common pitfalls for each section and recommend strategies to avoid them. Further, we give advice about target journal selection and authorship. In the online resource 1 , we provide an example of a high-quality scientific paper, with annotations identifying the elements we describe in this article.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1007/s13187-020-01751-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Introduction

Writing a scientific paper is an important component of the research process, yet researchers often receive little formal training in scientific writing. This is especially true in low-resource settings. In this article, we explain why choosing a target journal is important, give advice about authorship, provide a basic structure for writing each section of a scientific paper, and describe common pitfalls and recommendations for each section. In the online resource 1 , we also include an annotated journal article that identifies the key elements and writing approaches that we detail here. Before you begin your research, make sure you have ethical clearance from all relevant ethical review boards.

Select a Target Journal Early in the Writing Process

We recommend that you select a “target journal” early in the writing process; a “target journal” is the journal to which you plan to submit your paper. Each journal has a set of core readers and you should tailor your writing to this readership. For example, if you plan to submit a manuscript about vaping during pregnancy to a pregnancy-focused journal, you will need to explain what vaping is because readers of this journal may not have a background in this topic. However, if you were to submit that same article to a tobacco journal, you would not need to provide as much background information about vaping.

Information about a journal’s core readership can be found on its website, usually in a section called “About this journal” or something similar. For example, the Journal of Cancer Education presents such information on the “Aims and Scope” page of its website, which can be found here: https://www.springer.com/journal/13187/aims-and-scope .

Peer reviewer guidelines from your target journal are an additional resource that can help you tailor your writing to the journal and provide additional advice about crafting an effective article [ 1 ]. These are not always available, but it is worth a quick web search to find out.

Identify Author Roles Early in the Process

Early in the writing process, identify authors, determine the order of authors, and discuss the responsibilities of each author. Standard author responsibilities have been identified by The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) [ 2 ]. To set clear expectations about each team member’s responsibilities and prevent errors in communication, we also suggest outlining more detailed roles, such as who will draft each section of the manuscript, write the abstract, submit the paper electronically, serve as corresponding author, and write the cover letter. It is best to formalize this agreement in writing after discussing it, circulating the document to the author team for approval. We suggest creating a title page on which all authors are listed in the agreed-upon order. It may be necessary to adjust authorship roles and order during the development of the paper. If a new author order is agreed upon, be sure to update the title page in the manuscript draft.

In the case where multiple papers will result from a single study, authors should discuss who will author each paper. Additionally, authors should agree on a deadline for each paper and the lead author should take responsibility for producing an initial draft by this deadline.

Structure of the Introduction Section

The introduction section should be approximately three to five paragraphs in length. Look at examples from your target journal to decide the appropriate length. This section should include the elements shown in Fig.  1 . Begin with a general context, narrowing to the specific focus of the paper. Include five main elements: why your research is important, what is already known about the topic, the “gap” or what is not yet known about the topic, why it is important to learn the new information that your research adds, and the specific research aim(s) that your paper addresses. Your research aim should address the gap you identified. Be sure to add enough background information to enable readers to understand your study. Table ​ Table1 1 provides common introduction section pitfalls and recommendations for addressing them.

The main elements of the introduction section of an original research article. Often, the elements overlap

Common introduction section pitfalls and recommendations

Methods Section

The purpose of the methods section is twofold: to explain how the study was done in enough detail to enable its replication and to provide enough contextual detail to enable readers to understand and interpret the results. In general, the essential elements of a methods section are the following: a description of the setting and participants, the study design and timing, the recruitment and sampling, the data collection process, the dataset, the dependent and independent variables, the covariates, the analytic approach for each research objective, and the ethical approval. The hallmark of an exemplary methods section is the justification of why each method was used. Table ​ Table2 2 provides common methods section pitfalls and recommendations for addressing them.

Common methods section pitfalls and recommendations

Results Section

The focus of the results section should be associations, or lack thereof, rather than statistical tests. Two considerations should guide your writing here. First, the results should present answers to each part of the research aim. Second, return to the methods section to ensure that the analysis and variables for each result have been explained.

Begin the results section by describing the number of participants in the final sample and details such as the number who were approached to participate, the proportion who were eligible and who enrolled, and the number of participants who dropped out. The next part of the results should describe the participant characteristics. After that, you may organize your results by the aim or by putting the most exciting results first. Do not forget to report your non-significant associations. These are still findings.

Tables and figures capture the reader’s attention and efficiently communicate your main findings [ 3 ]. Each table and figure should have a clear message and should complement, rather than repeat, the text. Tables and figures should communicate all salient details necessary for a reader to understand the findings without consulting the text. Include information on comparisons and tests, as well as information about the sample and timing of the study in the title, legend, or in a footnote. Note that figures are often more visually interesting than tables, so if it is feasible to make a figure, make a figure. To avoid confusing the reader, either avoid abbreviations in tables and figures, or define them in a footnote. Note that there should not be citations in the results section and you should not interpret results here. Table ​ Table3 3 provides common results section pitfalls and recommendations for addressing them.

Common results section pitfalls and recommendations

Discussion Section

Opposite the introduction section, the discussion should take the form of a right-side-up triangle beginning with interpretation of your results and moving to general implications (Fig.  2 ). This section typically begins with a restatement of the main findings, which can usually be accomplished with a few carefully-crafted sentences.

Major elements of the discussion section of an original research article. Often, the elements overlap

Next, interpret the meaning or explain the significance of your results, lifting the reader’s gaze from the study’s specific findings to more general applications. Then, compare these study findings with other research. Are these findings in agreement or disagreement with those from other studies? Does this study impart additional nuance to well-accepted theories? Situate your findings within the broader context of scientific literature, then explain the pathways or mechanisms that might give rise to, or explain, the results.

Journals vary in their approach to strengths and limitations sections: some are embedded paragraphs within the discussion section, while some mandate separate section headings. Keep in mind that every study has strengths and limitations. Candidly reporting yours helps readers to correctly interpret your research findings.

The next element of the discussion is a summary of the potential impacts and applications of the research. Should these results be used to optimally design an intervention? Does the work have implications for clinical protocols or public policy? These considerations will help the reader to further grasp the possible impacts of the presented work.

Finally, the discussion should conclude with specific suggestions for future work. Here, you have an opportunity to illuminate specific gaps in the literature that compel further study. Avoid the phrase “future research is necessary” because the recommendation is too general to be helpful to readers. Instead, provide substantive and specific recommendations for future studies. Table ​ Table4 4 provides common discussion section pitfalls and recommendations for addressing them.

Common discussion section pitfalls and recommendations

Follow the Journal’s Author Guidelines

After you select a target journal, identify the journal’s author guidelines to guide the formatting of your manuscript and references. Author guidelines will often (but not always) include instructions for titles, cover letters, and other components of a manuscript submission. Read the guidelines carefully. If you do not follow the guidelines, your article will be sent back to you.

Finally, do not submit your paper to more than one journal at a time. Even if this is not explicitly stated in the author guidelines of your target journal, it is considered inappropriate and unprofessional.

Your title should invite readers to continue reading beyond the first page [ 4 , 5 ]. It should be informative and interesting. Consider describing the independent and dependent variables, the population and setting, the study design, the timing, and even the main result in your title. Because the focus of the paper can change as you write and revise, we recommend you wait until you have finished writing your paper before composing the title.

Be sure that the title is useful for potential readers searching for your topic. The keywords you select should complement those in your title to maximize the likelihood that a researcher will find your paper through a database search. Avoid using abbreviations in your title unless they are very well known, such as SNP, because it is more likely that someone will use a complete word rather than an abbreviation as a search term to help readers find your paper.

After you have written a complete draft, use the checklist (Fig. ​ (Fig.3) 3 ) below to guide your revisions and editing. Additional resources are available on writing the abstract and citing references [ 5 ]. When you feel that your work is ready, ask a trusted colleague or two to read the work and provide informal feedback. The box below provides a checklist that summarizes the key points offered in this article.

Checklist for manuscript quality

(PDF 362 kb)

Acknowledgments

Ella August is grateful to the Sustainable Sciences Institute for mentoring her in training researchers on writing and publishing their research.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

Data Availability

Compliance with ethical standards.

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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How to Write and Publish Your Research in a Journal

Last Updated: May 26, 2024 Fact Checked

Choosing a Journal

Writing the research paper, editing & revising your paper, submitting your paper, navigating the peer review process, research paper help.

This article was co-authored by Matthew Snipp, PhD and by wikiHow staff writer, Cheyenne Main . C. Matthew Snipp is the Burnet C. and Mildred Finley Wohlford Professor of Humanities and Sciences in the Department of Sociology at Stanford University. He is also the Director for the Institute for Research in the Social Science’s Secure Data Center. He has been a Research Fellow at the U.S. Bureau of the Census and a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He has published 3 books and over 70 articles and book chapters on demography, economic development, poverty and unemployment. He is also currently serving on the National Institute of Child Health and Development’s Population Science Subcommittee. He holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Wisconsin—Madison. There are 13 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 706,441 times.

Publishing a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal allows you to network with other scholars, get your name and work into circulation, and further refine your ideas and research. Before submitting your paper, make sure it reflects all the work you’ve done and have several people read over it and make comments. Keep reading to learn how you can choose a journal, prepare your work for publication, submit it, and revise it after you get a response back.

Things You Should Know

• Create a list of journals you’d like to publish your work in and choose one that best aligns with your topic and your desired audience.
• Prepare your manuscript using the journal’s requirements and ask at least 2 professors or supervisors to review your paper.
• Write a cover letter that “sells” your manuscript, says how your research adds to your field and explains why you chose the specific journal you’re submitting to.

• Ask your professors or supervisors for well-respected journals that they’ve had good experiences publishing with and that they read regularly.
• Many journals also only accept specific formats, so by choosing a journal before you start, you can write your article to their specifications and increase your chances of being accepted.
• If you’ve already written a paper you’d like to publish, consider whether your research directly relates to a hot topic or area of research in the journals you’re looking into.

• Review the journal’s peer review policies and submission process to see if you’re comfortable creating or adjusting your work according to their standards.
• Open-access journals can increase your readership because anyone can access them.

• Scientific research papers: Instead of a “thesis,” you might write a “research objective” instead. This is where you state the purpose of your research.
• “This paper explores how George Washington’s experiences as a young officer may have shaped his views during difficult circumstances as a commanding officer.”
• “This paper contends that George Washington’s experiences as a young officer on the 1750s Pennsylvania frontier directly impacted his relationship with his Continental Army troops during the harsh winter at Valley Forge.”

• Scientific research papers: Include a “materials and methods” section with the step-by-step process you followed and the materials you used. [5] X Research source
• Read other research papers in your field to see how they’re written. Their format, writing style, subject matter, and vocabulary can help guide your own paper. [6] X Research source

• If you’re writing about George Washington’s experiences as a young officer, you might emphasize how this research changes our perspective of the first president of the U.S.
• Link this section to your thesis or research objective.
• If you’re writing a paper about ADHD, you might discuss other applications for your research.

• Scientific research papers: You might include your research and/or analytical methods, your main findings or results, and the significance or implications of your research.
• Try to get as many people as you can to read over your abstract and provide feedback before you submit your paper to a journal.

• They might also provide templates to help you structure your manuscript according to their specific guidelines. [11] X Research source

• Not all journal reviewers will be experts on your specific topic, so a non-expert “outsider’s perspective” can be valuable.

• If you have a paper on the purification of wastewater with fungi, you might use both the words “fungi” and “mushrooms.”
• Use software like iThenticate, Turnitin, or PlagScan to check for similarities between the submitted article and published material available online. [15] X Research source

• Header: Address the editor who will be reviewing your manuscript by their name, include the date of submission, and the journal you are submitting to.
• First paragraph: Include the title of your manuscript, the type of paper it is (like review, research, or case study), and the research question you wanted to answer and why.
• Second paragraph: Explain what was done in your research, your main findings, and why they are significant to your field.
• Third paragraph: Explain why the journal’s readers would be interested in your work and why your results are important to your field.
• Conclusion: State the author(s) and any journal requirements that your work complies with (like ethical standards”).
• “We confirm that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal.”
• “All authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission to [insert the name of the target journal].”

• Submit your article to only one journal at a time.
• When submitting online, use your university email account. This connects you with a scholarly institution, which can add credibility to your work.

• Accept: Only minor adjustments are needed, based on the provided feedback by the reviewers. A first submission will rarely be accepted without any changes needed.
• Revise and Resubmit: Changes are needed before publication can be considered, but the journal is still very interested in your work.
• Reject and Resubmit: Extensive revisions are needed. Your work may not be acceptable for this journal, but they might also accept it if significant changes are made.
• Reject: The paper isn’t and won’t be suitable for this publication, but that doesn’t mean it might not work for another journal.

• Try organizing the reviewer comments by how easy it is to address them. That way, you can break your revisions down into more manageable parts.
• If you disagree with a comment made by a reviewer, try to provide an evidence-based explanation when you resubmit your paper.

• If you’re resubmitting your paper to the same journal, include a point-by-point response paper that talks about how you addressed all of the reviewers’ comments in your revision. [22] X Research source
• If you’re not sure which journal to submit to next, you might be able to ask the journal editor which publications they recommend.

Expert Q&A

You might also like.

• If reviewers suspect that your submitted manuscript plagiarizes another work, they may refer to a Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) flowchart to see how to move forward. [23] X Research source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

• ↑ https://www.wiley.com/en-us/network/publishing/research-publishing/choosing-a-journal/6-steps-to-choosing-the-right-journal-for-your-research-infographic
• ↑ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13187-020-01751-z
• ↑ https://libguides.unomaha.edu/c.php?g=100510&p=651627
• ↑ https://www.canberra.edu.au/library/start-your-research/research_help/publishing-research
• ↑ https://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/conclusions
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/writing-an-abstract-for-your-research-paper/
• ↑ https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/book-authors-editors/your-publication-journey/manuscript-preparation
• ↑ https://apus.libanswers.com/writing/faq/2391
• ↑ https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/search-strategy
• ↑ https://ifis.libguides.com/journal-publishing-guide/submitting-your-paper
• ↑ https://www.springer.com/kr/authors-editors/authorandreviewertutorials/submitting-to-a-journal-and-peer-review/cover-letters/10285574
• ↑ https://www.apa.org/monitor/sep02/publish.aspx
• ↑ Matthew Snipp, PhD. Research Fellow, U.S. Bureau of the Census. Expert Interview. 26 March 2020.

About This Article

To publish a research paper, ask a colleague or professor to review your paper and give you feedback. Once you've revised your work, familiarize yourself with different academic journals so that you can choose the publication that best suits your paper. Make sure to look at the "Author's Guide" so you can format your paper according to the guidelines for that publication. Then, submit your paper and don't get discouraged if it is not accepted right away. You may need to revise your paper and try again. To learn about the different responses you might get from journals, see our reviewer's explanation below. Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Publish A Research Paper in International Journal?

What is a Research Journal?

A research journal is a written record used by researchers to document and track the progress of their academic investigations, observations, and findings. It serves as a personal repository for recording insights, data, hypotheses, methodologies, and conclusions related to a specific research topic.

The primary purpose of a research journal is to maintain a chronological and organized account of the research process. Researchers often use it to jot down initial ideas, outline research objectives, detail experimental procedures, and record unexpected observations. This practice not only helps in maintaining a clear timeline but also aids in ensuring the reproducibility and integrity of the research.

A well-maintained research journal serves several functions. It acts as a reference tool for future analysis, a platform for critical self-reflection and refinement of ideas, and a basis for sharing findings with peers through articles, presentations, and publications. Documenting setbacks, changes in direction, and the reasoning behind decisions also enhances the transparency of the research process. 

How do you Write a Research Journal?

Writing an academic journal article involves a structured process to document and communicate your research findings. Begin with a clear title that reflects the topic. Write an abstract summarizing the study’s purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Introduce the research problem, explaining its significance and relevance. Provide a literature review to showcase existing knowledge and gaps in the field.

Detail your research methodology, explaining how you collected and analyzed data. Present your findings objectively, using tables, graphs, and figures to enhance clarity. Interpret the results in the context of your research questions and hypothesis.

Discuss any limitations and potential biases in your study. Address ethical considerations and disclose funding sources if applicable. Conclude by summarizing the main findings, their implications, and potential avenues for future research.

Maintain a logical flow between sections and ensure your writing is concise, coherent, and grammatically correct. Revise and proofread meticulously to eliminate errors. Finally, keep the journal’s target audience in mind and adhere to the journal’s specific formatting and submission guidelines.

 Difference Between Journal and Research Paper?

Journals and research papers are both essential forms of scholarly communication, but they serve distinct purposes in the academic world. A research paper is a written work that presents original findings, often based on empirical research, and contributes new knowledge to a specific field. It typically follows a structured format with sections like introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Research papers are usually submitted to conferences or journals for peer review and publication.

On the other hand, a journal refers to a periodical publication that collects and publishes a variety of research papers, articles, reviews, and other types of content within a specific subject area. Scopus Indexed Journals are platforms that enable researchers to share their work with a broader audience. They often consist of multiple research papers and other related content in a single issue, and they undergo an editorial review process before publication.

In summary, the main difference lies in their scope and purpose. A research paper is a standalone piece of work that presents original research findings, while a journal is a periodic publication that includes a collection of various research papers and articles within a specific domain, serving as a platform for sharing and disseminating scholarly work.

How do you Publish A Research Paper Immediately?

Publishing a research paper immediately requires careful planning and swift execution.

• Select a Reputable Journal: Identify a journal that aligns with your research’s scope and significance. Aim for well-regarded, peer-reviewed publications.
• Prepare Your Manuscript: Ensure your paper adheres to the journal’s guidelines for formatting, structure, and content. Proofread meticulously to eliminate errors.
• Concurrent Writing and Research: As you conduct your research, start writing sections of your paper simultaneously. This accelerates the writing process.
• Preprint Servers: Consider posting your paper on preprint servers like arXiv or bioRxiv. This allows you to share your findings before formal peer review.
• Quick Peer Review Journals: Some journals offer rapid peer review, expediting the process. Look for options that prioritize fast reviews.
• Engage Collaborators: Involve colleagues or mentors who can provide valuable feedback and assist with revisions, speeding up the refinement phase.
• Focused Review Responses: When addressing reviewer comments, respond promptly and concisely. Address all concerns directly and clearly.
• Professional Help: If feasible, enlist the help of professional editors to improve the paper’s language and presentation.
• Timely Submission: Submit your revised manuscript swiftly. Delaying submission prolongs the publishing timeline.
• Open Access Journals: Explore open access journals that prioritize rapid publication. While there might be fees, they can accelerate dissemination.
• Preparation for Publication: Have all supplementary materials (figures, tables, data) ready in the required formats before acceptance.
• Proofing and Corrections: Respond swiftly to the final proofreading and correction stages.

Remember, while speed is important, maintaining research integrity and quality is paramount. Rushing through steps might compromise the validity of your work. Balancing urgency with precision will help you publish your research paper promptly while upholding scholarly standards.

Step-by-Step Guide for Writing a Research Paper?

Writing a research paper can be a systematic and rewarding process when approached step-by-step. Here’s a concise guide that can help you through:

• Choose a Topic: Select a relevant and interesting topic that aligns with your interests and the assignment’s requirements.
• Research and Gather Information: Use reliable sources to gather information, take notes and organize them for easy reference.
• Thesis Statement: Craft a clear and concise thesis statement that presents the main argument of your paper.
• Outline: Create a structured outline that includes the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. This helps maintain a logical flow.
• Introduction: Write an engaging introduction that provides context, introduces the thesis, and outlines the scope of your paper.
• Literature Review: Summarize and analyze existing research related to your topic to showcase your understanding of the subject.
• Methodology: Describe the research methods used, explaining how data was collected and analyzed.
• Body Paragraphs: Present your arguments in a structured manner. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence and supporting evidence.
• Citations: Properly cite all sources using a consistent citation style (APA, MLA, etc.) to avoid plagiarism.
• Analysis: Interpret the evidence you’ve presented, discussing its implications and how it supports your thesis.
• Counter Arguments: Address potential counter arguments and refute them logically, showcasing the strength of your position.
• Conclusion: Sum up your findings, restate the thesis, and discuss the broader implications of your research.
• References: Compile a list of all sources used in your paper, following the citation style guidelines.
• Proofreading and Editing: Review your paper for grammar, spelling, and clarity.
• Formatting: Ensure your paper adheres to formatting guidelines (font, spacing, margins) required by your institution.
• Title and Abstract: Create an informative title and a concise abstract that summarizes your paper’s main points.
• Final Review: Read through your paper one last time to catch any remaining errors or inconsistencies.

By following these steps, you can systematically approach the task of writing a research paper, ensuring it’s well-organized, and effectively communicating your ideas and findings. 

Benefits of Publishing a Research Paper?

Publishing a research paper offers numerous benefits. Firstly, it contributes to the advancement of knowledge by sharing new findings and insights with the academic community. It establishes the credibility and expertise of the authors, enhancing their reputation and career prospects. Published papers are often cited by others, leading to collaborations and further recognition.

Moreover, fast-track publication journals showcase the ability to conduct rigorous research, bolstering academic and professional credentials. It facilitates feedback from peers, helping to refine and improve the research. Publishing also satisfies funding agencies and institutions, showcasing their investments in research. Additionally, sharing findings aids in addressing real-world issues, influencing policies, and driving innovation. Overall, research paper publication promotes intellectual growth, fosters a sense of contribution to the field, and opens doors to networking and future opportunities.

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How to publish your research

A step-by-step guide to getting published.

Publishing your research is an important step in your academic career. While there isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach, this guide is designed to take you through the typical steps in publishing a research paper.

Discover how to get your paper published, from choosing the right journal and understanding what a peer reviewed article is, to responding to reviewers and navigating the production process.

Step 1: Choosing a journal

Choosing which journal to publish your research paper in is one of the most significant decisions you have to make as a researcher. Where you decide to submit your work can make a big difference to the reach and impact your research has.

It’s important to take your time to consider your options carefully and analyze each aspect of journal submission – from shortlisting titles to your preferred method of publication, for example open access .

Don’t forget to think about publishing options beyond the traditional journals format – for example, open research platform F1000Research , which offers rapid, open publication for a wide range of outputs.

Why choose your target journal before you start writing?

The first step in publishing a research paper should always be selecting the journal you want to publish in. Choosing your target journal before you start writing means you can tailor your work to build on research that’s already been published in that journal. This can help editors to see how a paper adds to the ‘conversation’ in their journal.

In addition, many journals only accept specific manuscript formats of article. So, by choosing a journal before you start, you can write your article to their specifications and audience, and ultimately improve your chances of acceptance.

To save time and for peace of mind, you can consider using manuscript formatting experts while you focus on your research.

How to select the journal to publish your research in

Choosing which journal to publish your research in can seem like an overwhelming task. So, for all the details of how to navigate this important step in publishing your research paper, take a look at our choosing a journal guide . This will take you through the selection process, from understanding the aims and scope of the journals you’re interested in to making sure you choose a trustworthy journal.

Don’t forget to explore our Journal Suggester to see which Taylor & Francis journals could be right for your research.

Go to guidance on choosing a journal

Step 2: Writing your paper

Writing an effective, compelling research paper  is vital to getting your research published. But if you’re new to putting together academic papers, it can feel daunting to start from scratch.

The good news is that if you’ve chosen the journal you want to publish in, you’ll have lots of examples already published in that journal to base your own paper on. We’ve gathered advice on every aspect of writing your paper, to make sure you get off to a great start.

How to write your paper

How you write your paper will depend on your chosen journal, your subject area, and the type of paper you’re writing. Everything from the style and structure you choose to the audience you should have in mind while writing will differ, so it’s important to think about these things before you get stuck in.

Our  writing your paper guidance  will take you through everything you need to know to put together your research article and prepare it for submission. This includes getting to know your target journal, understanding your audiences, and how to choose appropriate keywords.

You can also use this guide to take you through your research publication journey .

You should also make sure you’re aware of all the Editorial Policies  for the journal you plan to submit to. Don’t forget that you can contact our  editing services  to help you refine your manuscript.

Discover advice and guidance for writing your paper

Step 3: Making your submission

Once you’ve chosen the right journal and written your manuscript, the next step in publishing your research paper is  to make your submission .

Each journal will have specific submission requirements, so make sure you visit  Taylor & Francis Online  and carefully check through the  instructions for authors  for your chosen journal.

How to submit your manuscript

To submit your manuscript you’ll need to ensure that you’ve gone through all the steps in our  making your submission  guide. This includes thoroughly understanding your chosen journal’s instructions for authors, writing an effective cover letter, navigating the journal’s submission system, and making sure your research data is prepared as required.

You can also  improve your submission experience  with our guide to avoid obstacles and complete a seamless submission.

To make sure you’ve covered everything before you hit ‘submit’ you can also take a look at our  ‘ready to submit’ checklist  (don’t forget, you should only submit to one journal at a time).

Understand the process of making your submission

Step 4: Navigating the peer review process

Now you’ve submitted your manuscript, you need to get to grips with one of the most important parts of publishing your research paper –  the peer review process .

What is peer review?

Peer review is the independent assessment of your research article by independent experts in your field. Reviewers, also sometimes called ‘referees’, are asked to judge the validity, significance, and originality of your work.

This process ensures that a peer-reviewed article has been through a rigorous process to make sure the methodology is sound, the work can be replicated, and it fits with the aims and scope of the journal that is considering it for publication. It acts as an important form of quality control for research papers.

Peer review is also a very useful source of feedback, helping you to improve your paper before it’s published. It is intended to be a collaborative process, where authors engage in a dialogue with their peers and receive constructive feedback and support to advance their work.

Almost all research articles go through peer review, although in some cases the journal may operate post-publication peer review, which means that reviews and reader comments are invited after the paper is published.

If you’ll like to feel more confident before getting your work peer reviewed by the journal, you may want to consider using an  in-depth technical review service from experts.

Understanding peer review

Peer review can be a complex process to get your head around. That’s why we’ve put together a  comprehensive guide to understanding peer review . This explains everything from the many different types of peer review to the step-by-step peer review process and how to revise your manuscript. It also has helpful advice on what to do if your manuscript is rejected.

Visit our peer review guide for authors

Step 5: The production process

If your paper is accepted for publication, it will then head into  production . At this stage of the process, the paper will be prepared for publishing in your chosen journal.

A lot of the work to produce the final version of your paper will be done by the journal production team, but your input will be required at various stages of the process.

What do you need to do during production?

During production, you’ll have a variety of tasks to complete and decisions to make. For example, you’ll need to check and correct proofs of your article and consider whether or not you want to  produce a video abstract  to accompany it.

Take a look at  our guide to the production process  to find out what you’ll need to do in this final step to getting your research published.

Your research is published – now what?

You’ve successfully navigated publishing a research paper – congratulations! But the process doesn’t stop there. Now your research is published in a journal for the world to see, you’ll need to know  how to access your article  and  make sure it has an impact .

Here’s a  quick tip on how to boost your research impact  by investing in making your accomplishments stand out.

Below you’ll find helpful tips and post-publication support. From how to communicate about your research to how to request corrections or translations.

How to access your published article

When you publish with Taylor & Francis, you’ll have access to a new section on Taylor & Francis Online called  Authored Works . This will give you and all other named authors perpetual access to your article, regardless of whether or not you have a subscription to the journal you have published in.

You can also  order print copies of your article .

How to make sure your research has an impact

Taking the time to make sure your research has an impact can help drive your career progression, build your networks, and secure funding for new research. So, it’s worth investing in.

Creating a real impact with your work can be a challenging and time-consuming task, which can feel difficult to fit into an already demanding academic career.

To help you understand what impact means for you and your work, take a look at  our guide to research impact . It covers why impact is important, the different types of impact you can have, how to achieve impact – including tips on communicating with a variety of audiences – and how to measure your success.

Keeping track of your article’s progress

Through your  Authored Works access , you’ll be able to get real-time insights about your article, such as views, downloads and citation numbers.

In addition, when you publish an article with us, you’ll be offered the option to sign up for email updates. These emails will be sent to you three, six and twelve months after your article is published to let you know how many views and citations the article has had.

Corrections and translations of published articles

Sometimes after an article has been published it may be necessary to make a change to the  Version of Record . Take a look at our dedicated  guide to corrections, expressions of concern, retractions and removals  to find out more.

You may also be interested in translating your article into another language. If that’s the case, take a look at our  information on article translations .

Go to your guide on moving through production

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Research guidance, Research Journals, Top Universities

Free (Non- Paid) Scopus Journals

Most of the Scopus-indexed journals are paid, and a few journals indexed by Scopus publish free of cost .

In this post, we have provided a list of top Free (Non- Paid) Scopus Journals . These journals are published by popular publishers with a rigorous publication process.

Page Contents

List of Free (Non-Paid) Scopus Journals

1. international journal on emerging technologies.

• Publisher: Resesarch Trend
• ISSN No.: 2249-3255

2. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering, and Management Sciences

• Publisher: IJMEMS
• ISSN No.:2455-7749

Quartile: Q2

3. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations

• Publisher: Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology
• ISSN No.:2394-1707

Quartile: Q3

4. Journal of Information and Communication Technology

• Publisher: Universiti Utara Malaysia Press
• ISSN No.:2180-3862

5. International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems

• Publisher: University of Bahrain
• ISSN No.:2210-142X

6. International Journal of Management Science and Engineering management

• Publisher: Taylor and Prancis
• ISSN No.: 1750-9661

Quartile: Q1

7. International Review of Research In Open and Distance Learning

• Publisher: Athabasca University
• ISSN No.:1492-3831

8. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Publisher: The School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung

P-ISSN: 20856830

9. Big Data Research

Publisher: Elsevier Inc.

P-ISSN: 22145796

10. BioSocieties

Publisher: Springer

ISSN: 17458560

11. Cognitive Systems Research

Publisher: Elsevier

P-ISSN: 13890417

12. Expert Systems with Applications

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.

P-ISSN: 9574174

13. Journal of Computational Science

P-ISSN: 18777503

14. Computers and Graphics

Publisher: Computers and Graphics

P-ISSN: 978493

15. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence

Publisher: Elsevier 

ISSN No.: 9521976

16. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation

Publisher: Taiwan Association of Engineering and Technology Innovation

ISSN No.: 2226809X, 22235329

Quartile: Q4

17. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management sciences

Publisher: International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences

ISSN No.: 24557749

19. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology

Publisher: Prince of Songkla University

ISSN No.: 1253395

20. Walailak Journal of Science and Technology

Publisher: Walailak University

ISSN No.: 16863933

21. Asian Journal of Social Science

ISSN No.: 15684849, 15685314

22. International Social Science Journal

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

ISSN No.: 00208701, 14682451

23. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science

Publisher: Johar Education Society Pakistan

ISSN No.: 19978553, 23098619

24. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development

Publisher: Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

ISSN No.: 17418127, 14684330

25. Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering

Publisher: Engg Journals Publications

ISSN No.: 09765166, 22313850

26. Genes And Diseases

ISSN No.: 23523042

27. Journal Of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences

Publisher: Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

ISSN No.: 20957548

Many researchers comment below and ask me for free publishing Scopus indexed journals that publish in their respective fields. I always try to reply to every person. However, sometimes it is difficult. Researchers can find themselves the list of free publishing journals subject-wise from this site: https://journalsearches.com/free-publishing-journals.php

Newly added Scopus journals in 202 2

Scopus indexed Multidisciplinary Journals- 2022

Scopus Indexed Journals with low-cost publication fee- 2022

Download the Scopus indexed journal list 2022 pdf/ Xls

Free Scopus  indexed  journals  in computer science 202 2 | free Scopus  indexed  journals  in pharmacy | free Scopus  indexed  journals  in management

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Making your Research easy

How to publish a paper in International Journal

Publishing a paper in the International Journal is a very important part of every research. In this article, we will discuss the step-by-step process of How to publish a paper in international journal. This will guide you to publish your paper in a good journal successfully.

How to publish a paper in International Journal?

Many of you may have published your research papers in different International  Journals.

If you have already done, this then also you may continue reading this article till the end to discover more and the right way to publish the paper in an International Journal. But before that let’s understand.

What is a research journal?

A research journal is a periodical publication in which research relating to a particular academic discipline is published.

Academic journals serve as permanent and transparent forums for the presentation, scrutiny, and discussion of research. International journals are the best place to showcase your research finding and ideas to the world.

Thousands of Journals exist that publish good papers in their regular issues and their journal impact factor is also high.

Now let us understand how to publish a research paper in international journal in easy steps.

Prepare and write your research paper.

Before writing any research paper you must collect all the information about the topic and your research work.

Make some points of your findings and note them down. Choose the journal in which you want to publish the paper. Check the sample paper and “Instruction to Authors” or “Author’s Guide” of that particular journal. 

Prepare your manuscript according to the format. Every journal article follows a specific format, such as Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, and  Acknowledgements/References. Future scope and limitations can also be included in your paper.

Also read:  How to Publish a Research Paper

Submit your manuscript.

All journals have a specific method of submission of papers like Online submission , Email Submission, and hardcopy submission .

But most of the journals are now accepting only online and email submissions .

If you are asked to submit your paper online then you may need to fill in some other information as well like Name, Affiliation, Contact number, Email ID, Institution’s name, Degree completed or perusing, Years of experience, etc.

Make sure you have given the correct information about yours. Make use of your organizational email ID along with your personal email ID.

Wait for the notification and don’t Panic.

Many authors get panic after submitting the paper and continuously ask for a notification and review report.

But, you need not panic because the Editor may receive several papers for the journal so it takes some time.

Also Read: How To Promote Your Research Article

The initial information you could receive like any of the following statuses

• Accepted: It means your paper has been accepted
• Accepted with Modification: It requires some modification and then it will be accepted.
• Revise and resubmit: It means your paper needed much modification so you can modify it according to the reviewer’s comment.
• Rejected: It means the paper is not suitable for the journal but it does not mean that the paper is not suitable for other journals.

Also read: Top 12 reasons why Journal rejects manuscripts

So take the action accordingly and get your paper published.

If you are looking to publish a research paper then you may search the Green open access journals which do not charge any publication fee from the authors. The Open access journal mostly charges the Article processing charge.

Must read: How much does it cost to publish a paper in a journal

Final words

Journal Publication is a difficult task but if you understand the process and follow the procedure it could be very easy to publish your paper in a good journal. So now, we hope you have understood How to publish a paper in International Journal.

Related Posts

Top 12 reasons why Journal rejects manuscripts

How much does it cost to publish a paper in a journal

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How to Publish a research paper

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List of free publication journals indexed in Scopus, SCI

This web page aims to provide the latest list of free publication research journals. These journals are Web of Science and Scopus indexed. Moreover, all these scientific journals are open access . Researchers are advised to click on the journal title to know more journal details.

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• Enhancing Customer Loyalty in the E-Food Industry: Examining Customer Perspectives on Lock-In Strategies
• Self-Disruption As A Strategy For Leveraging A Bank’s Sustainability During Disruptive Periods: A Perspective from the Caribbean Financial Institutions
• Chinese Direct Investments in Germany
• Evaluation of German Life Insurers Based on Published Solvency and Financial Condition Reports: An Alternative Model
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Guide for Authors

Authors-guidelines publish research paper in international journals

How to share your research article to increase the impact of your research

“ How to publish a paper in the Research Leap ”

Publishing guidelines for authors –  The International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration – ISSN 1849-5664 (ONLINE) – ISSN 1849-5419 (PRINT)

The journal is submitted by clicking on the SUBMIT YOUR PAPER icon

–  Click on the SUBMIT YOUR PAPER link which will take you through to the Journal Submission page

–  Prepare your paper according to the Guide for Authors

–  Submit your paper to our e-mail:  ijmsba@researchleap.com

Open access

International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration articles are open-access, available to subscribers and public alike with the permission to reuse. There is no subscription fee to access the articles. The funding comes from the authors themselves.

The articles of the International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration are available free of charge both to individual users and organizations. This means users can read, download, copy, share, print out, or reference to the texts of the journal without having to get permission from the authors or publishers.

The fee for the open-access publication is paid either by authors themselves or their funder.

Payment process

The publication charge of International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration is 115 USD for online publication only or 175 USD for online publication + 2 hard copies. For additional copies, the charge is 15 USD per issue.

Direct payment using Paypal and credit cards can be made through the website. The detailed information on the payment process, including the bank transfer option, will be sent to the corresponding author email.

Review process

In the reviewing process, a paper is initially reviewed either by an editor or a co-editor. Next, if the editor/co-editor finds it suitable for publication, they send it to two other referees for peer-review. The review is double-blind peer review. Provided the referees approve the paper, the editor eventually has the final say about whether the article should be published as it is, amended, or rejected altogether.

It is of utmost importance that the articles for the journal have not been published before in the present or almost the same form, or they are being considered for publication in another journal. The journal can publish papers that were previously published in conference proceedings under the condition that the publication does not infringe upon the rights of the conference proceedings publisher. The authors of the paper must make sure that their work does not go against existing copyright as well as ensuring the paper will compensate for the publisher in case of a warranty breach. Unless agreed differently, the papers, as well as contributions, become the legal copyright of the journal so that the dispersion and proper use of them are facilitated. Authors should refer to ideas and findings of other authors of by proper citing of literature, referencing, such as using clear indented text or quotation marks and using APA style formatting.

Permissions

The requirements of our platform are as follows:

• The availability to reproduce the content or the chapter of a book
• Possibility of printing and electronic rights
• Global rights for the English language
• Possibility of material use for the life of the work without time restrictions on the material reuse

While using tables, charts or excerpts, exceeding four hundred words, from a different source, the followings must be taken into account.:

• Authors must get written permission from a third party copyright owner prior to using their texts, graphs or illustrations in their journal. Also, the permission must be cleared for small adaptations of any work written by another person.
• In case an author adapts a major part of the content, they must notify the copyright holder of the original paper in advance.
• Authors must get consent statements proof.
• Authors must refer to the source both in figure captions and acknowledge it in the list of reference.

Before using the content (even freely available online), authors must check the website for more details of the copyright owners as well as getting their permission.

• Authors ought not to submit their work to more than one journal. In the same way, they ought not to submit previously published works to the journal to be considered.
• Authors ought to guarantee the originality of their work while submitting. When they use words of others, proper citations must be provided. Plagiarism of any kind is considered unethical and accepted under no circumstances.
• In their papers, authors ought to demonstrate all the sources they have used as well as declaring any conflicts of interest.
• Due acknowledgements to all the contributors ought to be given in the research.
• In case of noticeable errors in the issued work, authors ought to immediately notify the editor of the journal and collaborate in the elimination/correction of them. In case a different party than the author informs the editor about the error, the author is obliged to write a retraction or make a correction through the medium of issuance.

Final submission of the research paper

It should be noted that prior to the publication, the proofs are not supplied. It is the journal which considers the final version of the paper. However, it is the responsibility of the author to check the article for completeness, grammatical, spelling, and typographical errors. publish research paper in international journals

File formats

Microsoft Word (DOC, DOCX) is suitable for the final manuscript document.

Manuscript/Paper requirements

All the manuscripts submitted to Research Leap must be split into the sections in the following order: Make sure you use the following guidelines while preparing your manuscript for submission:

Research Leap Policy

The editor of journals of Research Leap platform is solely responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. To reach this decision, the editor is guided by policies of the journal’s editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. Published articles should remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, there may arise some occasional circumstances when published article must be later retracted or even removed. All these actions mentioned above can take place under exceptional circumstances.

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Crossmark is a multi-publisher initiative from Crossref to provide a standard way for readers to locate the current version of a piece of content. By applying the Crossmark logo, Research Leap is committing to maintaining the content it publishes, and to alerting readers to changes if and when they occur.

Clicking on the Crossmark logo will tell you the current status of a document, and may also give you additional publication record information about the document.

Article Withdrawal

Article withdrawal is only applicable for articles which were previously published in the other journals or accidently submitted twice. In most cases, articles may represent serious issues including infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, plagiarism, and fraud usage of data. The withdrawal process is also applicable to articles which are in press (under consideration to be published in the other journals) that has different errors, or duplications of articles published in other journals are considered to be “withdrawn” from Research Leap. Withdrawn indicates that content of articles such as HTML and PDF is removed and replaced with HTML page and PDF simply mentioning that the article has been withdrawn according to Research Leap Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document.

Article Retraction

Infringement of academic and professional ethical codes includes multiple submission, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data. The retraction will be mainly used to correct publication and submission errors. Retraction of an article will be done by the author or the editor based on the advice of members of the scholarly community. Number of scholarly bodies has developed the standards dealing with retractions, and best of these retractions are adopted for article retraction by Research Leap:

• A retraction note titled “Retraction: [article title]” signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list.
• In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article.
• The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.
• The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is “retracted.”
• The HTML version of the document is removed.

Article Removal: Legal limitations

It may be required to remove an article from the online database only in the extremely limited number of cases. This type of article removal will occur under the following circumstances:

• The article is clearly defamatory
• Infringes other’s legal rights
• The article poses serious health risk
• Breaking terms and conditions of publishing by the author

In these cases, the article will be removed due to the legal reasons where only the information on metadata such as Title and Authors will remain. publish research paper in international journals

Article Replacement

When the article poses a severe health risk, the authors of the original article will be obliged to retract the flawed content and replace it with the corrected version. In these cases, the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. publish research paper in international journals

publish research paper in international journals

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Understanding the Genetic and Evolutionary Basis of Lactase Persistence in Human Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Jintapong zuercher thammachai, shinnattapol songpholratchanon, pune phetra, kittanath limphotong, chananchida dussadeethommo, yadasiri rachatasitikul, kanat likittananan, phatchara tangtongchit, vathunya chudhakorn.

Abstract: Lactose intolerance is a prevalent condition characterized by the inability to digest lactose, a sugar in milk and dairy products, due to a deficiency in the lactase enzyme. This condition is influenced by genetic variations near the lactase gene (LCT), particularly single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) such as -13910 C>T and -22018 G>A, which are associated with lactase persistence. These genetic variants have undergone positive selection in populations with a history of dairy farming, such as Northern Europeans, some African, and Middle Eastern groups, allowing them to digest lactose into adulthood. The prevalence of lactose intolerance varies significantly across populations, with higher rates in groups without a history of dairy farming, such as Native Americans and East Asians. Symptoms include gastrointestinal complaints like bloating, gas, diarrhea, and abdominal pain following lactose consumption. The regulation of the LCT gene involves complex interactions with enhancer sequences and regulators like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Future treatments may include gene editing technologies and modulation of the gut microbiome. Understanding genetic and environmental factors can inform personalized nutrition recommendations and public health strategies, highlighting the dynamic interplay between genes and environment in lactose intolerance

Keywords: lactose intolerance, lactase persistence, LCT gene, genetic diagnosis, genetic variations, gene-environment interaction.

Title: Understanding the Genetic and Evolutionary Basis of Lactase Persistence in Human Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Author: Jintapong Zuercher Thammachai, Shinnattapol Songpholratchanon, Pune Phetra, Kittanath Limphotong, Chananchida Dussadeethommo, Yadasiri Rachatasitikul, Kanat Likittananan, Phatchara Tangtongchit, Vathunya Chudhakorn

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 1, April 2024 - September 2024

Page No: 114-128

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 02-September-2024

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The role of patient organizations in shaping research, health policies, and health services for rare genetic diseases: the dutch experience, 1. introduction, aims and objectives, 2. materials and methods, 2.1. key methods, 2.2. material, 3.1. the beginning—a father’s story, 3.2. challenges of living with a rare genetic disease: unmet needs and founding a parent/patient organization for neuromuscular diseases.

• Address the knowledge gap and the lack of informed care; provide appropriate, actionable education and information for parents about home care, transportation, technical help, financial help, and recreation; and organize support by setting up mutual help groups for different neuromuscular diseases;
• Promote needs-led research, cooperation, and active involvement in the field of research and in the development of therapies;
• Generate attention and publicity to reach all involved patients and parents and to find financial resources to support (V)SN’s activities.

3.2.1. (V)SN: Early Milestones and Achievements

• Implementing standing working groups to realize home visits for advice by an experienced member plus supplementing telephone consultation to fill home visit gaps;
• Organization of a special symposium aiming at the creation of a professional structural framework for (V)SN;
• Establishing a committee to raise attention for genetic muscular diseases in the medical and scientific communities;
• Organizing regular meetings with medical experts and researchers to facilitate members’ access to state-of-the-art information, to keep members informed and updated on current research projects and on latest research findings, and, last but not least, mentoring medical experts on patients’ needs and advocating needs-led research.

3.2.2. (V)SN Involvement in Orphan Drug Development

• Contacting and lobbying manufacturers to prepare for their assessment of cost-effectiveness and reimbursement procedures in The Netherlands;
• Lobbying the National Health Care Institute (Zorginstituut Nederland) [ 31 ] and the Ministry of Health (VWS) of The Netherlands [ 32 ];
• Educating physicians and researchers with respect to their role in the admission and reimbursement of orphan drugs. (V)SN is committed as well to the management of expectations of patients with regard to gene therapy.

3.2.3. (V)SN: Newborn Screening for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

3.2.4. (v)sn today, 3.2.5. neuromuscular diseases internationally united, networking and partnering—from a patients’ initiative to pan-european research institutions: establishing the european alliance of neuromuscular disorders associations (eamda) and the european neuromuscular centre (enmc), 3.3. founding the first national patient umbrella organization for rgds in europe and shaping the infrastructure for genetic services and counseling centres in the netherlands, 3.3.1. shaping and implementing genetic service centres, including genetic counselling centres in the netherlands, 3.3.2. key steps taken by vsop to promote genetic counselling services and to raise public awareness about genetics.

• (i) Raising public awareness, addressing “genetic illiteracy”
• (ii) Capacity building for genetic services

3.3.3. National Umbrella Patient Organizations Internationally United and Partnering

• The development of educational material about next-generation sequencing (“Next generation sequencing in diagnostiek”) for the public, patients, and healthcare providers in collaboration with Erfocentrum [ 100 ];
• Joining of the supervisory board of H2O (Health Outcomes Observatory), a European project financed by both the EU and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) [ 101 ]. EFPIA represents the biopharmaceutical industry operating in Europe [ 102 ]. This project is intended to provide insight into clinical data and patient-reported data for patients from different disease areas and healthcare providers via dashboards, for example, for joint decision-making [ 103 ];
• Close involvement—through support to access to empirical data- in the document “Advice from the Health Council of The Netherlands” (Gezondheidsraad) to the government in November 2023 on preconception carrier screening. The Health Council recommends pilot research to determine whether preconception carrier screening could be responsibly offered to all prospective parents in The Netherlands to equip them with the information they need to enable them to make informed reproductive decisions [ 104 ];
• Co-ordinating the input of patients and patient organizations into the Clinical Genetics Knowledge Agenda, which describes the top 10 knowledge gaps in clinical genetic care. The two overarching knowledge questions are: what barriers are in place for healthy family members who are at increased risk of a hereditary condition with treatment options to be referred for genetic counselling and possibly DNA testing, and how can the identified barriers be overcome? The agenda was published at the end of 2022 [ 105 ]. The Netherlands Association of Clinical Geneticists (VKGN) is currently exploring the possibilities for further research to address these knowledge gaps, including input from the patient perspective.
• Participation in the decision-making process to add an NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Test) in April 2023 as a standard option—if the pregnant woman wishes so—in the prenatal screening program of The Netherlands [ 106 ].

4. Where We Are Today, Future Prospects, and Challenges

4.1. challenges, 4.1.1. availability of treatment and costs of cell and gene therapies, 4.1.2. diagnostic odyssey and child mortality, 4.1.3. lack of diversity in genomics studies, 4.2. limitations, 5. epilogue and the lessons i learned, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.

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Share and Cite

Poortman, Y.; Ens-Dokkum, M.; Nippert, I. The Role of Patient Organizations in Shaping Research, Health Policies, and Health Services for Rare Genetic Diseases: The Dutch Experience. Genes 2024 , 15 , 1162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15091162

Poortman Y, Ens-Dokkum M, Nippert I. The Role of Patient Organizations in Shaping Research, Health Policies, and Health Services for Rare Genetic Diseases: The Dutch Experience. Genes . 2024; 15(9):1162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15091162

Poortman, Ysbrand, Martina Ens-Dokkum, and Irmgard Nippert. 2024. "The Role of Patient Organizations in Shaping Research, Health Policies, and Health Services for Rare Genetic Diseases: The Dutch Experience" Genes 15, no. 9: 1162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15091162

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