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• Research tab

Understand research insights

To explore what your audience and viewers across YouTube are searching for, you can use the Research tab in YouTube Analytics. The insights from the Research tab can help you think of video ideas that viewers may want to watch.

View the research tab

• Sign in to YouTube Studio .
• In the left menu, select  Analytics .
• Click the  Research tab.
• To get started, enter a search term in the search bar. To save a search term, click Save .

After you enter a search term, you can view viewer activity related to that topic:

• Recent audience activity : Shows how popular the topic is with your audience.
• Searched on YouTube : Shows popular searches made by viewers across YouTube for the topic.
• Watched on YouTube : Shows popular videos watched by viewers across on YouTube for the topic.

Note : For now, insights are limited to search queries in English from viewers in the United States, United Kingdom, India, Australia, and Canada. 

What the research tabs show

Searches across youtube.

This tab shows the top related searches for a search term over the last 28 days. Viewers across YouTube, not just your audience, make these searches.

• Next to each search term, there’s a level that describes how popular the term is: low, medium, or high.
• Next to some search terms, there’s a label that says Content gap . Learn more about Content gaps .
• To get data that’s more specific, you can filter the results by Content gaps, Geography, or Language.

Note : If there are no search results, it’s because there isn’t enough data to estimate your audience’s interest.

Your viewers’ searches

This tab shows the top searches that your audience and viewers of similar channels have searched over the last 28 days.

• Next to each search term, there’s a search volume rank that describes how popular the term is: low, medium, or high.

Watch and learn about search insights

To learn more about search insights on the computer, check out the following video from the YouTube Creators channel.

Understand Search Insights: Research Tab in YouTube Analytics

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News and Events

From your phone to the TV, get a taste of the latest YouTube updates

By Matthew Darby , Director, Product Management, YouTube

Oct 17, 2023 – minute read

Last year, we launched a new look and feel for YouTube, adding more modern design elements and features that helped our viewers feel more immersed while watching.

But we are just getting started: Today we are rolling out three dozen new features and design updates to help you get more out of YouTube. Whether you’re watching videos or creating them, here are a few of our favorites.

Get a taste of the latest YouTube updates — from your phone to web!

Even more control over how you watch

• Easy on the ears: We’re giving you better audio control on mobile devices. Rolling out starting today, “stable volume” will be automatically turned on to reduce jarring differences in volume, for an overall improved watching — and listening! — experience.
• Press to 2x: We know our users love to use different playback speeds on YouTube. If you’re one of the users who enjoy watching videos in double time, it’s now easier to do so. When watching a video either in full screen or portrait mode, just press and hold down anywhere on the player to automatically bump your playback speed to 2x. Once you get to the part of the video you want, simply let go! This feature will be available across web, tablets, and mobile devices.
• Seek with ease: Moon landings , outfit reveals, catchy song bridges … to help you find the best moments in videos, we’re launching bigger preview thumbnails while you seek. We’re also making it easier to change your mind — if you start seeking and need to go back, move your finger to where you started and lift when you feel a vibration; We’ll snap you back to the exact part of the video where you left off.
• Avoid accidental interruptions with lock screen: Has an accidental tap messed up your video while watching on your phone? In today’s update, we’re also rolling out lock screen on mobile and tablets so that you can lock your screen to prevent unwanted interruptions.

Find what you’re looking for

• Discover all your stuff in one place: To make it more intuitive to find all your YouTube stuff in one place, the Library tab and account page have been merged into a new home called You tab where you can find your previously watched videos, playlists, downloads and purchases, as well as your account-related settings and channel information. Rolling out today, You tab can be found where the Library tab used to be on web, mobile, and tablets.
• Search by voice or song: Got that tune you just can’t get out of your head? Whether you’re humming along to the latest Olivia Rodrigo hit or trying to master a NewJeans dance , users will be able to search for a song by playing, singing, or humming. Using AI to match the sound to the original recording, this feature will roll out in the next few weeks, and will be available on Android devices for now.

Connecting viewers with creators through a cleaner, more modern design

• Animations that celebrate meaningful moments: We wanted to bring more life to the video watching experience, so now when you’re watching on web or mobile, the page may react to what a creator says. Now, when creators ask viewers to “like” or “subscribe,” a visual cue on those buttons will appear in sync with the video. And once fans smash that button, a subtle explosion of playful sparkles will reward them. Top comments automatically rotate so you can scan the best commentary from the community. And, for new video uploads, we added a new animation that updates view count and like count in real time for the first 24 hours to show how many other users are engaging with what they’re watching.
• It’s all in the details: We’ve been modernizing the YouTube experience on Smart TVs over the past year, and now we’re adding a few more touches to make it easier to navigate videos. On Smart TVs, viewers can find details about a video they are watching in a new vertical menu that enables quicker access to features such as the video description, comments, the subscribe button, as well as video chapters. Just click on the video title while watching a video to pop up the menu. We’re also rolling out similar improvements on web and mobile, including a scrollable description section with a cleaner design.

These changes will roll out gradually to our users around the world over the coming weeks. Looking ahead, we are also excited to continue these efforts and bring more modern design elements to other areas of YouTube, such as the YouTube Kids app.

All of the features were shaped by the feedback we received from our viewers and creators, and are part of our ongoing commitment to make YouTube better for our users.

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Fifteen years of YouTube scholarly research: knowledge structure, collaborative networks, and trending topics

• Published: 19 September 2022
• Volume 82 , pages 12423–12443, ( 2023 )

Cite this article

• Mohamed M. Mostafa 1 ,
• Ali Feizollah 2 &
• Nor Badrul Anuar 2  

3902 Accesses

3 Citations

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Since its inception, YouTube has been a source of entertainment and education. Everyday millions of videos are uploaded to this platform. Researchers have been using YouTube as a source of information in their research. However, there is a lack of bibliometric reports on research carried out on this platform and the pattern in the published works. This study aims at providing a bibliometric analysis on YouTube as a source of information to fill this gap. Specifically, this paper analyzes 1781 articles collected from the Scopus database spanning fifteen years. The analysis revealed that 2006-2007 were initial stage in YouTube research followed by 2008 -2017 which is the decade of rapid growth in YouTube research. The 2017 -2021 is considered the stage of consolidation and stabilization of this research topic. We also discovered that most relevant papers were published in small number of journals such as New Media and Society, Convergence, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Computers in Human Behaviour and the Physics Teacher, which proves the Bradford’s law. USA, Turkey, and UK are the countries with the highest number of publications. We also present network analysis between countries, sources, and authors. Analyzing the keywords resulted in finding the trend in research such as “video sharing” (2010-2018), “web -based learning” (2012-2014), and “COVID -19” (2020 onward). Finally, we used Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to find the conceptual clusters of research on YouTube. The first cluster is related to user -generated content. The second cluster is about health and medical issues, and the final cluster is on the topic of information quality.

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Quantitative Analysis of Scholarly References on YouTube

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1 Introduction

Since its acquisition by Google in 2005, YouTube has been a video -sharing social media and a search engine with over 2 billion views per month [ 41 ]. It allows users to upload videos and share their content. It is a preferred search engine for contents like cooking recipes because of its audio and visual medium of communication. In addition to watching the videos, users can leave their comments and feedbacks for each video. The combination of audio, video, and comments make YouTube a valuable source of data. Researchers have been using this source of data to analyze various topics across wide range of research domains. One of the research domains that utilizes YouTube is health and healthcare. Educational videos and users’ feedback towards them have been a common research topic. For example, Li et al. [ 41 ] examined YouTube as a source of information on COVID -19 pandemic. Khatri et al. [ 34 ] also researched YouTube as a source of information on COVID -19 on English and Mandarin content. Hussein et al. [ 30 ] evaluated YouTube as a source of information by measuring the information on this platform and by auditing misinformation in videos. Indirectly, some research works developed methods that can be used in YouTube video analysis [ 42 , 56 , 57 , 45 ]. Analyzing research trends in YouTube papers requires the use of the bibliometric method.

Bibliometric is a quantitative analysis of papers published in a specific research domain [ 46 ]. The bibliometric study analyzes the authors’ activities, publication trends, and collaborations among institutions and countries. The bibliometric analysis evaluates impact of published papers and reveals the potential gaps and future directions in a research area, which increases interest and attention of researchers and funding bodies. The bibliometric study has been used in many research areas like COVID -19 pandemic [ 26 ], agricultural [ 47 ], accounting [ 50 ], and economic [ 8 ]. The advantages of using a bibliometric study are: 1) reveals important research works in a research domain; 2) helps to discover the gaps need to be addressed by researchers; 3) gives young researchers a holistic view of a research area.

To scrutinize research trends and direction on YouTube, this study aims at performing a bibliometric analysis on research works focused on YouTube published between 2006 and 2021. We propose the following research questions to fulfill the aim of this study: 1) what are the trends and directions in YouTube research? And 2) what information can be discovered related to YouTube research? The contributions of this study are as following:

we found only one published paper on YouTube bibliometric study, which presents number of papers, citations, and countries that published research works related to YouTube [ 56 ]. However, our work presents a more comprehensive analysis of the YouTube papers by providing network analysis, research structure, and thematic mapping.

we present a comprehensive network analysis like co -citation network, co -cited sources network, authors’ collaboration network, institutions’ collaboration network, nations’ network, as well as keywords and co -occurrence network.

We analyze the trending research and provide a structured research trends as well as thematic and historiographic mapping.

we adopt dominance factor, Bradford’s law, and Lotka’s law to analyze the published works using scientific methods.

This article is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the methodology used to carry out the analysis. Section 3 deals with research findings. Section 4 discusses the research findings. The last section deals with research limitations and explores potential avenues for future research.

This study is guided by the following four steps:

Selecting the database and defining the search terms.

Conducting the preliminary statistical analysis.

Performing the bibliometric network analysis.

Performing the conceptual structure, thematic and historiographic mapping.

To conduct the analysis, the R version 4.1 software [ 58 ] was used along with several libraries such as the bibliometrix, wordcloud and ggplot2 . For network visualization, we used the VOSviewer software [ 61 ]. We discuss here the steps outlined above in some detail.

2.1 Database and documents’ extraction

Following Sigala et al. (2021), the Scopus database was selected to conduct the analysis. As the largest database for peer -reviewed journals (Norris & Oppenheim, 2007), Scopus is frequently used by researchers to conduct bibliometric analysis (Cunill et al., 2019; Hassan et al., 2021). Having selected the database, we extracted bibliographic records related to the selected documents, including relevant information about documents’ titles, authors, and keywords. Retrieved documents were then transformed to a plain text format for further filtering and analysis. Choosing a particular type of document for bibliometric analysis has long been the subject of debate [ 51 , 52 ]. For instance, journal articles only have been selected in prior studies (e.g., [ 20 ]), whereas some authors have focused on both books and journal articles (e.g., [ 4 ]), yet others excluded only meeting abstracts, corrections, and editorial material, (e.g., [ 2 ]). Here, we opted for peer -reviewed articles only because such articles “usually undergo a meticulous peer -review process and are generally of high quality” ([ 16 ], p. 206). To avoid false -positive results, only article titles, abstracts and keywords were searched using the terms “YouTube.” Figure 1 plots the search procedure followed to extract the articles used in this analysis. We limited the selection to documents written in English and we chose 2006 as the date of reference because YouTube was launched in 2006.

Schematic flowchart of data acquisition and methodology (Adapted from [ 15 ])

Having selected the database, we extracted bibliographic records related to the selected documents, including relevant information about documents’ titles, authors, and keywords. Retrieved documents were then transformed to a plain text format for further filtering and analysis. Choosing a particular type of document for analysis has long been the subject of debate [ 51 , 52 ]. For instance, journal articles only have been selected in prior studies (e.g., [ 20 ]), whereas some authors have focused on both books and journal articles (e.g., [ 4 ]), yet others excluded only meeting abstracts, corrections, and editorial material, (e.g., [ 2 ]). Here, we opted for peer -reviewed articles only because such articles “usually undergo a meticulous peer -review process and are generally of high quality” ([ 16 ], p. 206).

Table 1 shows the main information about the YouTube research data.

The table reveals that 1781 research articles were extracted. The articles were written by 4699 authors, and they include 65,677 references. 417 articles were written by single authors, whereas 567 were written by multi -authors, with a collaboration index of 3.26. This index is calculated by dividing the total authors of multi -authored articles by total multi -authored articles [ 23 , 36 ]. Our result indicates that the average YouTube research team falls between 3 and 4.

2.2 Bibliometric network analysis

A network can be regarded as “a structure composed of a set of actors, some of whose members are connected by a set of one or more relationships” ([ 35 ], p. 8). In social network analysis (SNA), an edge connecting two nodes represents a relationship. Khan and Wood [ 32 ] noted that “when used to synthesize the existing literature from a network perspective, the SNA technique can reveal valuable invisible patterns that can certainly facilitate theory development and uncover areas for future research.” There has been extensive prior research using network analysis in areas as diverse as exploring individual scientific collaboration networks [ 11 , 27 , 66 ], collaboration among research institutions [ 21 ] and keywords co -occurrence networks [ 7 ].

2.3 Thematic and conceptual structure maps

Thematic maps or strategic diagrams were suggested by Law et al. [ 39 ]. The map is usually employed to reveal the clusters’ dynamics based on analyzing the keywords or co -word occurrences [ 29 ]. The Callon et al. [ 10 ] density and centrality metrics are generally used to construct the map. The map also draws heavily on the financial portfolio analysis and concepts based on co -word networks [ 5 ]. Due to its usefulness, the map has been used in a plethora of research articles [ 33 , 40 , 65 ]. On the other hand, conceptual structure maps can be employed to investigate the conceptual structure of a research area by breaking down a research domain into clear “knowledge clusters” [ 63 ].

3.1 Scientific output, core journals and impactful authors

We extracted 1781 Scopus documents related to YouTube. The documents were written by 4699 authors representing 70 nations. Timewise, the documents covered almost fifteen years (2006-2021). Figure 2 plots the scientific output trends in the field. Although the figure reveals an exponential annual growth rate, this rate is not evenly distributed. For instance, in the first two years there was a paucity in YouTube research with only a handful of papers per year. These two years might be referred to as “the initial stage in the YouTube research.” However, the next decade (2008-2017) appears to witness a tremendous increase in research dealing with YouTube. This decade might be called “the rapid growth stage.” Indeed, this period represents the highest growth rate. The final stage (2018-2021) might be called the “consolidation and stabilization stage” because the YouTube research reached the “saturation/maturity” stage. This result is in line with several bibliometric studies conducted in several research areas [ 53 , 66 ].

YouTube research annual scientific production (2006–2021)

Table 2 shows the most important Scopus -indexed journals publishing YouTube research. The table reveals that the most relevant sources publishing YouTube research include journals such as New Media and Society, Convergence, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Computers in Human Behavior and the Physics Teacher . Another way to examine the journals’ influence is known as the Bradford’s law [ 37 ]. This law was first proposed by Bradford [ 9 ], who noted that “if scientific journals are arranged in order of decreasing productivity of articles on a given subject, they may be divided into a nucleus of periodicals more particularly devoted to the subject and several groups or zones containing the same number of articles as the nucleus.” Fig.  3 plots the Bradford’s law in YouTube research. From the graph, we see that the “core zone” is dominated by just few journals, including New Media and Society, Convergence, Journal of Medical Internet Research, etc. Such journals are considered the outlets publishing the “core” YouTube research.

Bradford’s law in YouTube scholarly research

The YouTube research growth is also evident from the corresponding author’s country involved (Fig.  4 ).

YouTube research by corresponding author’s country. Note: SCP = Single Country Production; MCP = Multiple Country Production

Table 3 shows the most cited articles in YouTube research. The table shows that Smith et al. (2012) paper in the Journal of Interactive Marketing is the most cited paper as it was cited 457 times. In this article, the authors compared brand -related user -generated content between three social media platforms, namely Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube. Results provide a general theoretical framework demonstrating how consumer -generated brand communications are influenced by a particular social media channel. The second most cited paper (443 citations) is Lang (2007) paper published in the Journal of Computer - Mediated Communication. In this paper, the author employed ethnographic methodology to analyze how YouTube participants develop and maintain social networks related to video sharing activities. With 333 citations, Susarla et al. (2011) article is the third most cited paper. In this article published in Information Systems Research , the authors analyzed the networked structure of interactions on YouTube. Results revealed that “social interactions are influential not only in determining which videos become successful but also on the magnitude of the impact.” (p. 23). Halpern and Gibbs (2013) paper published in Computers in Human Behavior was cited 298 times. In this paper the authors used two social media platforms, namely YouTube and Facebook to examine how social media can be used to foster democratic deliberations. Results showed that the “Facebook expands the flow of information to other networks and enables more symmetrical conversations among users, whereas politeness is lower in the more anonymous and deindividuated YouTube” (p. 1159). Khan’s (2017) paper published in Computers in Human Behavior was cited 291 times. In this paper the author investigated motives behind YouTube users’ engagement. Results revealed that YouTube participation is driven mainly by the relaxing/entertainment motive. However, passive content viewing was mainly driven by reading comments posted on the platform. Table 4 .

The dominance factor is a bibliometric measure that calculates authors dominance by dividing the number of multi -authored articles in which the author is the first author by the total number of multi -authored articles [ 38 ]. This metric has been used widely in the literature [ 23 , 25 ]. Figure 5 shows the dominating authors over time. From the figure, we see that the most dominating authors were C Basch from 2015 till 2021, Riendeau from 2009 till 2012 and S Azer from 2012 to 2021. Newcomers to the field have also achieved some dominance. Examples include J Yin (2017-2019) and J Park (2016-2021).

YouTube authors dominance over the time

In bibliometric studies, “Evenness/concentration of authors’ contribution” is a widely used metric [ 49 ]. This metric can be quantified using Lotka’s law (Lotka, 1926). Based on the well -known Zipf’s law, Lotka’s law implies that “the number of authors producing a certain number of articles is a fixed ratio, 2, to single -article authors.” Results suggests that the Lotka’s law seems to hold in YouTube research ( K - S two sample test p  > 0.05).

3.2 Network analysis

3.2.1 co -citation networks.

A co -citation network is formed when two authors are cited together in a third reference. Figure 6 displays the YouTube research co -cited authors’ network. Based on the color used, the graph reveals four distinct clusters. The red cluster includes authors such as J Burgess, M Thelwall and J Green. The size of the node indicates which author occupies a central position in the cluster. Such author(s) might be regarded as influential as they have disproportionate impact on the information diffusion on the network [ 6 ]. From the graph, we also see that some nodes are quite close to each other, whereas others drift further away. McPherson et al. [ 48 ] argued that closeness signifies a strong “homophily effect,” which occurs when authors in a virtual -room -like environment discuss common topics [ 24 ]. In bibliometrics, homophily is an indicator of “disciplinary or thematic similarity” [ 31 ]. For example, the nodes representing both R Schatz and A Finamore are very close to each other, indicating possible “homophily effect.”

YouTube authors co-citation network (> = 30 articles)

The green cluster includes authors such as C Basch, J Keelan, A Pandy and S Sarangi. The blue cluster includes sixty -two authors such as J Baker, D Charnock, A Rapp and J Lee. The yellow cluster is the smallest and it includes ten authors such as A Finamore, R Schatz and J Wang. The centrally located authors in each cluster might be regarded as influential authors as they “tend to anchor each community and they have a large impact on other communities as they control and stimulate information diffusion [in the network] through research activities” ([ 53 ], p. 664).

Figure 7 displays the YouTube research co -cited sources’ network. The graph reveals five distinct clusters. For example, the Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, Epilepsy Behavior and the Journal of Cancer Education are co -cited together as they belong to the same cluster. The American Sociological Review is co -cited with Discourse and Society, and Feminist Media Studies . The Journal of Advertising is co -cited with the Journal of Business Research and the Journal of Consumer Research , whereas Body Image is co -cited with the Journal of Pragmatics and Sex Roles . Interestingly, “core” journals occupy central position in the network with a minimal interaction among the distinct clusters, confirming what Glotzl and Aigner [ 28 ] term “the orthodox core -heterodox periphery” phenomenon within the field of YouTube research. Dobusch and Kapeller [ 22 ] found that “orthodox journals” tend to be heavily cited, whereas “heterodox journals” tend to be drifted towards the periphery.

YouTube source co-citation network (> = 30 articles)

3.2.2 Collaboration networks

The collaboration network among authors is depicted in Fig.  8 . The thickness of the link in this graph is proportionate to articles coauthored, whereas the node size is formed based on the author’s publications. A glance at the graph reveals that the sparse network is formed by seven distinct communities, signifying a limited cooperation among authors. The sparse network implies that impactful researchers in the field work in isolated “silos” [ 62 ].

YouTube authors’ collaboration network (documents > = 2 articles)

Figure 9 depicts the collaboration network at the institutional level. The thickness of the link is proportional to the institution’s collaboration, whereas the node size is formed based on each institution’s publications. From the graph, we see that there are seven distinct clusters. For example, there is a strong collaboration between Columbia University, the New York University and the William Paterson University in the US. Zou et al. [ 66 ] argued that this type of sparse collaboration reflects a “locally -centralized -globally -discrete” cooperation. It also reflects a “North -South” divide, with a clear lack of cooperation between developed/developing world institutions.

Collaboration network among institutions producing YouTube research (documents > = 1 article)

Figure 10 shows the collaboration at the nations’ level, with a total of 62 nations collaborating in the scientific production of YouTube research. The figure shows that US tops the world in terms of the total collaboration links, followed by the UK and Australia. A closer look at the graph reveals that some clusters are formed based on geographic distance or linguistic similarity. For example, Spain cooperates with Colombia, Ecuador and Mexico. The cluster that includes Egypt also includes Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Figure 11 plots the “geographic atlas” of the countries producing the YouTube research.

Collaboration network among nations producing YouTube scholarly research (documents > = 2 articles)

Geographic atlas of collaboration among nations producing YouTube scholarly research

3.2.3 Keywords and co -occurrence network analysis

Due to their abstract nature [ 12 ], keywords can be used to reveal the content of a paper. Figure 12 shows a simple wordcloud constructed based on the author -provided keywords. A wordcloud plot is an appealing visual tool that can be used to summarize textual data. The size of each word and its closeness to the cloud center determine its significance [ 42 , 43 ]. From the figure we see that the most relevant/frequent keywords used are “Youtube”, “social media” and “Internet.”

Keyword-based wordcloud of the most frequent YouTube terms

To further scrutinize how frequently keywords co -occur in the same document, we also used the author -provided keywords to construct the YouTube keyword co -occurrence network because “authors of a paper should be the ones that have the best feel as to what areas are spoken to by the paper” [ 19 ]. Figure 13 displays the resulting co -occurrence network. The graph reveals eight main clusters. For example, the first cluster in blue deals with medical/health use of the YouTube and includes words such as “health communication”, “health education” and “health information”. The second cluster (green -colored) deals with consumer comments and includes words such as “user -generated content”, “social network” and “Web 2.0”. The third cluster (yellow -colored) deals mainly with the educational use of the YouTube and includes words such as “e -learning”, “medical education” and “online videos”.

Co-occurrence network for author-provided YouTube keywords

A three -field plot, also known as a Sankey diagram, was also used to contextualize the flow trend linking keywords (left), authors (middle) and sources (right). In this diagram the size of the boxes is proportional to the related quantity (keyword, author, or source). Figure 14 displays the YouTube research Sankey diagram. Not surprisingly, edge widths flowing from keywords as “YouTube”, “social media”, and “Internet” are the largest, signifying that such keywords were used by several authors in their publications. We see also see that while some authors have used an extensive list of the keywords reflecting the diversity of their research (C Basch), others used a unique keyword (J Kim).

Sankey diagram for YouTube research flow (kewword-author-reference)

3.2.4 Trending topics and thematic evolution

Figure 15 plots the major YouTube research trending topics. From the graph we see that there is a move from established YouTube topics such as “video sharing” (2010-2018) and “web -based learning” (2012-2014) to new topics such as “COVID -19” (2020 onwards) and “misinformation” (2020 onwards). Such topics might be regarded as “trending topics/hotspots” in the scholarly publications dealing with YouTube because it has been argued that trending topics usually represent hotspots or evolving themes in a specific research domain [ 13 , 14 , 54 , 60 ]. Abrupt burst or surge in keywords might be also an indicator of “potential fronts” [ 57 ] as “the body of knowledge in a certain discipline can be seen as a sequence of topics that appear, grow in importance for a particular period and then disappear” [ 18 ].

YouTube research trending topics

3.3 Conceptual structure and thematic maps

We applied the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) method on the author -provided keywords. The MCA is an extension of correspondence analysis, akin to the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), that helps to analyze the pattern of relationships of categorical data [ 1 ]. It was selected since the results of this method is proved to be better on categorical data compared to other methods [ 1 ]. Figure 16 depicts the resulting YouTube research conceptual structure over four decades. From the graph, we see that the best dimension reduction achieved for the first two dimensions of the MCA account for roughly 72% of the total variability. In this graph, the closer the dots, the similar the profile they represent, whereas each cluster of dots represents discriminating profiles [ 64 ].

Conceptual structure map for YouTube scholarly research (MCA method)

An inspection of the graph reveals the depth and breadth of the domain. For instance, the largest red cluster comprises keywords emphasizing the consumer -generated content such as “user -generated content”, “web 2.0” and “online video.” The second cluster (in green) appears to deal with health and medical issues and includes keywords such as “health communication”, “health information” and “misinformation.” The third cluster in blue appears to deal with YouTube research within the context of information quality and includes keywords such as “internet”, “information” and “quality.”

A thematic/strategic map is also shown in Fig.  17 . In this graph, average values of both axes are represented by a dotted line dividing the map into four quadrants. Each quadrant in this graph represents a different theme, whereas the bubble size is drawn in proportion to the frequency of documents in which the keywords is used. The first quadrant represents “motor themes” that are well -developed both internally and externally as it is characterized by high density and centrality. [ 17 ]. Within the YouTube research, such themes include “user -generated content”, “new media”, “influencers”, and “gender.” The second one is usually labeled the “highly -developed -and -isolated themes” quadrant as it deals with niche themes. With high -density -low -centrality structure, this quadrant highlights the fact that while the themes it comprises are well -developed internally, they are marginally important externally. Within the YouTube research, such themes include “education,” “medical education”, and “technology.” The low -density -low -centrality third quadrant is termed the “emerging -or -declining themes” quadrant. This implies that the themes in this quadrant are characterized by weak ties at the internal and external levels. Such themes might indicate potential hotspots in YouTube research. Examples include “COVID -19”, “health communication” and “Twitter.” Finally, the “basic -and -transversal themes” quadrant (low density -high -centrality) comprises themes that are weakly developed in terms of internal ties. Nevertheless, they are characterized by important external ties. Within the YouTube research, such themes include “Social media” and “internet.”

YouTube research thematic/strategic map

4 Discussion

This study examined published research works related to YouTube between 2006 and 2021. At this point, we can answer the research questions. To answer the first research question about trends and directions, we found that between 2006 and 2008, there was a slow growth in publications since the YouTube platform was new. Then from 2008 to 2017, there was a rapid growth in research on YouTube. Afterwards, the trend is still upward with a slower pace. We also found that the trending topic changes over time. While “gaming” and “video sharing” were trending topics in some time period, the trend shifted towards topics like “COVID -19” and “misinformation”.

The second research question is related to the information discovered from YouTube research. We discovered the most cited papers, authors, and countries with highest number of publications. We also discovered the network between the published works. Specifically, the authors’ collaboration network, collaboration between institutions, and collaboration between countries. We also analyzed the collected works regarding the Bradford’s law and Lotka’s law. It was proved that large number of papers were published in a small group of journals, which followed the Bradford’s law. Also, it was proved that the frequency indexes of author productivity distribution followed Lotka’s law. Additionally, the MCA algorithm was used to find the conceptual structure map related to YouTube papers. The output shows three clusters, consumer -generated content, health and medical issues, and information quality.

Based on this paper’s results, large number of works are related to health and medical issues. Among the institutions, department of public health appeared more than other institutions. Additionally, the journal of medical internet research is in the third spot of the most relevant sources. The MCA algorithm dedicated one cluster for health and medical issues. Furthermore, “medical education” topic started trending in 2014 and is still trending, based on Fig.  15 , which is one of the longest trending topics. It is clear that researchers are interested in analyzing YouTube about health -related issues. These points coincide with studies on effectiveness of YouTube videos as a health educational platform. Allgaier mentioned that many people use YouTube as a source of information on science, technology, and health [ 3 ]. It is also assumed that because of the sensitivity of health and medical related issues, researchers focused more on the health aspect of the YouTube to find information and misinformation in videos. They analyzed videos and comments to understand users’ feedback on the health -related videos [ 59 ].

5 Limitations and future research

Despite the major contributions of this study, it suffers from some limitations. First, we relied only on the Scopus database to conduct our bibliometric analysis. Thus, we unavoidably commit a selection bias. Subsequently, we believe that future research should test the robustness of our finding by merging several databases such as WoS and Google Scholar. However, it has been argued that the Google Scholar database is less stringent as it comprises citations from unpublished manuscripts, blogs, etc. (Gavel & Iselid, 2008; [ 55 ]). Second, we limited the selection of documents to articles published in English. Thus, our results might be limited in terms of coverage [ 57 ]. Future research might add other languages to test the generalizability of our findings. Finally, although we conducted a comprehensive study on the whole domain of YouTube research, future research might focus on specific journals publishing YouTube research such as New Media and Society, Convergence, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Computers in Human Behaviour, and the Physics Teacher, among others.

6 Conclusion

This work conducted a bibliometric study on YouTube, as a research topic, in the literature between 2006 and 2021. The search in Scopus database resulted in 1781 research works, which were collected along their meta data such as authors name, keywork, etc. The collected data were analyzed, and the results were presented in the form of network of collaborations between authors, institutions, and countries. We also show the results of networks of keywords. We then created a thematic map based on the keywords to find the trending topic in research related to YouTube. The analysis revealed that 2006 -2007 were initial stage in YouTube research followed by 2008 -2017 which is the decade of rapid growth in YouTube research. The 2017 -2021 is considered the stage of consolidation and stabilization of this research topic. We also found that the trending topic changes over time. While “gaming” and “video sharing” were initially trending, the trend shifted towards topics like “COVID -19” and “misinformation”.

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Mostafa, M.M., Feizollah, A. & Anuar, N.B. Fifteen years of YouTube scholarly research: knowledge structure, collaborative networks, and trending topics. Multimed Tools Appl 82 , 12423–12443 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13908-7

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13 Popular YouTube Channels for Smart Researchers!

A growing sensation, streamed educational programs are quickly finding their place among students, professionals, researchers, and teachers. Science e-learning has grown by nearly 900% over the last 20 years with almost 1 billion people taking advantage of all that online learning and training has to offer. Free e-learning via YouTube videos is becoming a popular way for researchers and teachers to reach audiences around the world. Webinars from prominent researchers, videos with science lessons, and even lessons from Ivy League institutions have their own channels with millions of followers. With hundreds of different options, there are YouTube science channels for everyone that can be accessed in a comfortable environment.

What are the Advantages?

E-learning crosses diversity borders and can reach larger audiences. There are several science channels that cater to graduate students, professionals, and researchers. More teachers and professors are using science channels as supplementary materials in their classrooms, especially for online-learning environments. These channels are easily accessible, and link to videos and channels with similar content.

Top YouTube Science Channels

Out of the thousands of channels these stand out because of their quality content, number of subscribers, and number of Twitter followers.

Veritasium: A little more formal, this channel delivers lectures, interviews, and experiments. Two of their top videos are “ Can Silence Actually Drive You Crazy ?” with 15 million views, and “ Anti-Gravity Wheel? ” with 19.4 million views.

Vsauce: Divided into seasons called Mind Field, creators tackle difficult scientific questions with the latest discoveries/inventions. Slowly growing in popularity, fun graphics and humor accompany videos such as “ The Greater Good ,” talking about self-driving cars or “ The Psychedelic Experience ” discussing drug effect on the brain.

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Smarter Every Day: Focusing more on the scientific method and proving scientific experiments as true or false, this channel has nearly 17 million viewers. Known also as SED, the creators describe how the brain reacts to simple tasks, like riding a bicycle after a brain injury in “ The Backwards Brain Bicycle .”

Sci Show: At nearly 5.4 million followers, the SciShow brags that they “hate not knowing things.” The channel offers the latest SciShow News such as “ The Trouble with This Year’s Flu Season ,” or quick questions like “ What Do Dogs See When They Watch TV ?”

Ted Talks on Science: Ted Talks has been one of the most popular supplemental tools for teachers. A creative take on lecture-based learning, Ted Talks brings in experts from around the world to discuss some of the most current research such as the tech breakthrough series.

Life Noggin: An animated channel, Life Noggin discusses a variety of topics such as “ What If You Never Ate Fruits and Vegetables ?”

Yale Courses: Making its famous Ivy League education free, Yale Courses offers several online lectures by faculty members. The science channel has over 33k views for single episodes and covers a variety of topics from biology and chemistry to life and medical sciences.

Stanford Online: Similar to Yale’s channel but with a more personal context, Stanford Online delivers lectures on various scientific subjects. The videos often feature lecture-style episodes by graduate students such as “ Stanford Seminar-Combining Physical and Statistical Models in Projected Global Warming .”

Scientific American: With some of the latest and most up-to-date information, this channel is similar to the television program and explores themes such as “ New Volcano Survey for Materials Ejected from a Volcano .”

Mental Floss: Taken from a popular magazine, these videos combine popular culture and science to deliver facts in animated and live videos such as “50 Science Misconceptions.”

Brusspup: This channel specializes in visual science and illusions. Videos feature episodes set to music, paced in fast-forwarded action such as “ Ultimate Illusions and Science Compilation .”

Minute Earth: Living up to its name, Minute Earth focuses on biology and earth sciences and delivers segments that are short and concise. Fun cartoon-like graphics and sound effects make this channel a favorite for younger audiences, such as “ A Disease’s Guide to World Domination .”

One of the things that make online video learning so effective in Science is its viewer-centered approach. This creates an accommodating atmosphere that engages modern learners from all backgrounds.

In what ways do these Science YouTube channels help you? Do you have any of your favourite YouTube channels that you follow for fun-learning? Do share with us in the comments section below!

Itsoktobesmart is a great one too 🙂

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YouTube Keyword Research: How to Find Popular Search Terms

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What Is YouTube Keyword Research?

YouTube keyword research involves finding words and phrases users enter into the YouTube search bar to find videos they want to watch.

These words and phrases are known as YouTube keywords, search terms, or search queries.

Conducting keyword research for YouTube helps you understand your target viewers. That way, you can create the kind of YouTube content they are looking for.

For example, we looked for YouTube keywords for our “SEO for Beginners” video based on what our target audience searches for.

And then used those keywords in the video’s title, thumbnail, and description to help it appear higher in YouTube search results.

The better you can target and tailor your videos for your intended audience, the more likely it is that your video will show up in their YouTube searches.

And the more likely you are to get views and subscribers to your channel.

How to Do Keyword Research for Youtube

You can find keywords for YouTube videos by leveraging one or more of the following methods:

Use YouTube Keyword Research Tools

Visit the research tab in youtube analytics, use youtube’s autocomplete function, determine the search intent of your keywords, make a keyword map, analyze your competitors’ videos.

YouTube keyword research tools allow you to find out what your target viewers search for on YouTube. These tools also give you data on which keywords are likely to yield the most views and engagement.

The Keyword Analytics for YouTube app tells you how many searches keywords get. And how competitive those keywords are. 

Plus, there’s a free trial. Here’s how to use it:

After signing up, click “ Get started ” under the “Keywords Research” section. 

Search for a keyword that’s related to your video or niche (e.g., “headphones”).

And select your country in the top right, if necessary.

The tool will list related YouTube search terms in the table. Along with their “Search Volume” and “Competitive rate.” 

You can get data for the last day, week, or month.

Switch to the “ Fast growing keywords ” tab to research trending topics on YouTube.

Or “ Most viewed videos ” to see what’s hot and get inspiration.

Make a preliminary list of keywords based on your current business needs and the data you get from the tool.

Tip: Try starting out with lower-competition keywords. YouTube users don’t always scroll far, so it can be better to pursue higher rankings. Rather than higher search volumes.

The Research tab in YouTube Analytics shows you popular search terms among your viewers.

To use the tool, sign into YouTube Studio and go to “ Analytics ” > “ Research .”

Then, click the “ Your viewers’ searches ” tab.

Enter a search term to see related keywords that your viewers used in the last 28 days. 

The “Search volume on YouTube” will only be listed as “High,” “Medium,” or “Low.” (Use a tool like Keyword Analytics for YouTube for more specific estimates.)

Look out for YouTube search terms marked with the “Content Gap” tag . This means that the user struggled to find a video that satisfied their needs.

Filling these content gaps could be a great way to get more views and subscribers.

For broader insights, use the “ Searches across YouTube ” tab instead.

Use the bookmark icon to add any keyword to your “ Saved ” tab.

YouTube’s autocomplete function is designed to serve up popular searches related to the query you’re typing. This is one of the most straightforward methods for finding viable YouTube keywords for your videos. 

Find keywords by typing the topic of your channel or the topic you wish to make videos about in the YouTube search bar.

YouTube search’s autocomplete function will then serve up multiple variations of your keyword.

Grab the relevant YouTube search terms that show up in autocomplete results and make videos that target those keywords.

Rinse and repeat with other topics and ideas. Before long, you’ll have dozens of great video ideas for your channel.

In effect, YouTube is a giant search engine. Like other search engines (Google, Bing, and Yahoo), it wants to make sure it serves up content users want to see when they search for something.

Search intent refers to what a user wants to see when they search a keyword. Now that you have your list of keywords, the next thing to do is determine what type of content your users want to see.

After all, for a video to rank highly in YouTube’s search results for a keyword, it has to get the search intent right. 

Sometimes, YouTube search terms have intents that are easy to determine. If the keyword is something like “iPad Pro Review,” you can assume the user is looking for content that reviews the product.

Other times, it can be difficult to tell what the search intent is. If the user simply types in “iPad Pro,” you don’t know if they’re looking for reviews, features, or even tutorials.

The best way to determine the search intent for a keyword is to enter it into the YouTube search bar yourself to see what’s trending. 

Take note of the videos that are ranking for that keyword—their titles, descriptions, content, and even their thumbnails. Aggregate what you see across the various videos that are ranking, and this will serve as the likely search intent for that keyword.

Now that you have the search intent, you can make more informed decisions regarding your own video and how to make it better align with that intent.

A user’s search intent can also explain where they are in the purchase funnel. Each keyword corresponds to a part of the purchase funnel. To build your influence and increase your conversions, you should create content for users at each stage.

The four types of keywords and their corresponding marketing funnel stages are:

• Awareness: Search intent is to learn about a product (e.g., “What are noise-canceling headphones?”)
• Interest: Search intent has a specific goal (e.g., “Benefits of noise-canceling headphones”)
• Desire: Search intent is knowledge about a possible purchase (e.g., “Top noise-canceling headphones”)
• Action: Search intent is to make a purchase (e.g., “Purchase Sony WH-1000XM4 noise-canceling headphones”)

Use your YouTube keyword research to create a keyword map. Keyword mapping is the process of pairing specific keywords with content pages—or, in this case, YouTube videos.

The process requires making a chart or spreadsheet of your top keywords and the specific videos they will work best with. 

Your YouTube keyword map can include elements like:

• A list of important keywords for your channel topic (acoustic guitar music, software development, or whatever your channel is about)
• Monthly keyword search volumes
• The search intents of your keywords
• Your YouTube video URLs that target each keyword (or videos you are planning to make)
• Each video’s current search ranking for its corresponding keyword
• The amount of competition each keyword has

There are two key reasons to create and maintain a keyword map: 

• It helps you keep track of which keywords you have and haven’t created content for. You don’t want to duplicate your efforts. 
• It acts as a content roadmap of keywords you’d like to create videos for in the future. If you don’t have a video for a specific top keyword, you know what your next video should be about. 

You can make videos optimized for multiple keywords. But you shouldn’t make multiple videos optimized for the same keyword. 

Why? Because they will compete in YouTube search results.

For example, if you have a marketing site, and you make two videos optimized for the keyword “target ad,” the videos could take clicks and views away from each other. 

Regardless of your niche or the topic of your YouTube channel, you’re bound to have competitors. Luckily, competitors can serve as great inspiration for your own videos and content. 

Pull up some of your competitors’ videos and take note of the following:

• Which keywords they use in their video titles and descriptions
• Whether they use any keyword variations
• How they use keyword variations

While you never want to copy your competitors’ content, analyzing that content can show you what it will take to get more views on your own videos.

You can take this analysis a step further by looking into which keywords your competitors leverage as tags. 

Tags typically have minimal impact on search results . But many YouTubers still use them to help their videos rank.

To find the keywords your competitors are using as tags, pull up a competitor video. Then, right-click next to, but not in, the YouTube search bar. 

And select “ View page source .” 

The HTML source code will open up in a new window.

Type “Ctrl + F” (on a Windows computer)  or “Command + F” (on a Mac) and type <meta name=“keywords” into the search bar. 

Then, look through the highlighted instances to find the tag. If available, the video’s keywords will be listed to the right. 

You can also use a Chrome extension like Tags for YouTube to help you more easily view a video’s tags. 

How to Get More Views with YouTube Keyword Research

Once you know how to find keywords for YouTube videos, you need to create your content. And optimize it for search.

Video SEO helps ensure that your videos actually get traffic, views, and subscribers.

This process doesn’t have to be quite as complicated as you might imagine. Over the next few sections, we’ll walk you through a few ways to make your keywords work for you:

Get Your YouTube Videos to Rank on Google

Use youtube hashtags, leverage video chapters, add keywords to youtube videos as tags.

You can drive even more traffic to your videos if they rank on both YouTube and Google.

YouTube videos can appear on Google search engine results pages (SERPs) through various kinds of SERP features .

On May 24, 2023, around 15% of desktop SERPs in the U.S. featured a video carousel, video result, or featured video. According to the Semrush Sensor .

Video carousels include multiple videos:

Video results look like standard results with thumbnails:

And featured videos are prominent video snippets: 

To find keywords that trigger videos in Google Search, use Semrush’s Keyword Magic Tool .

Enter a keyword to base your search around. 

Then, choose your location and click “ Search .”

Next, go to “ Advanced filters ” > “ SERP Features .” 

Select “ Video ,” “ Featured video ,” and “ Video carousel .” Then click “ Apply .”

You’ll see keywords that contain your starting keyword (or a variation). And trigger one or more of the video SERP features.

If you can find keywords around your topic that serve up video SERP features, you can include them in your relevant video content to drive traffic from Google and YouTube.

Tip: Use the Semrush Sensor to see what percentage of SERPs in your category and location trigger videos. And monitor how this changes over time.

YouTube hashtags are a great way to get more views for your videos. Hashtags are popular keywords that you can add to your videos to help them get more attention from specific audiences.

YouTube lets people search for relevant keywords or hashtags that interest them. If you add popular hashtags to the titles and descriptions of your videos, you may appear in more searches.

However, adding hashtags doesn’t necessarily help you rank higher in YouTube searches. So you should only add them if your content is appropriate for them.

Video chapters break your video up into sections with their own titles. These chapters not only allow for users to quickly navigate through your content to the parts they want to see, but also provide you with the opportunity to further optimize your video with more keywords.

Video chapters are created as part of the description, so they are read and indexed by YouTube. This means you can use them to optimize your video content.

To add video chapters , you need to list at least three timestamps in ascending order. And give each section a name. (Use your YouTube keyword research to help you.)

Make sure to start with “00:00” and keep each timestamp at least 10 seconds apart.

For example:

Here’s what that looks like in your YouTube video description:

Chapters can even appear in Google SERPs, potentially increasing traffic:

Tags are descriptive words and keywords that can make it easier for users to find your content. They are especially useful if your video content is about a topic that is commonly misspelled. 

Google claims that tags play a minimal role in video ranking and discovery. But it’s still a good idea to add them just in case they end up being helpful for some users.

To add tags to new YouTube videos:

• Sign into your YouTube Studio account
• Click “ CREATE ” > “ Upload Video ”
• Choose your video file
• During the upload process, click “ MORE OPTIONS ” and add your tags

For videos already on your channel:

• Sign in to your YouTube Studio account
• Click “ Content ” in the menu to the left
• Choose which video you want to add tags to
• Type in your tags in the “Tags” field

YouTube Keyword Research FAQs

We’ve compiled the most frequently asked questions about YouTube keyword research and their answers below.

How Do You Create ‘Channel’ Keywords on YouTube?

After conducting YouTube keyword research, you can add keywords to your channel description, assign channel tags based on them, and use them to optimize your YouTube video titles.

What Are the Best Keywords for YouTube?

The best keywords vary, depending on the topic of each video. Some videos may cover wide-ranging, high-level topics. You’d likely want higher-volume keywords that attract an audience. If you’re looking to create niche videos, your keywords should be more targeted to those who want to watch your videos.

For example, someone looking up “oil change” on YouTube might want to know why they should get an oil change. If someone else were searching for “how to do an oil change,” you’d want to optimize your post to attract an audience that’s looking to perform the action themselves.

How Do I Track My YouTube Rankings?

Once you have your keywords mapped and your content created, you can use a tool like the Rank Tracker for YouTube to monitor how your content is performing in YouTube search. The app helps you track your videos’ rankings on YouTube for the keywords you choose.

This means that YouTube keyword research can help with performance tracking. In addition to video creation and optimization.

Uncategorized

New research: youtube is the leading podcast platform.

YouTube stands out as the primary platform for podcast discovery, with 34% of weekly podcast audience members citing it as their starting point, compared to Apple’s 18% and Spotify’s 15%.

New findings from a recent study conducted by MARU/Matchbox, commissioned by Cumulus Media and Signal Hill Insights, reveal that YouTube has emerged as the leading platform for podcast consumption, surpassing other major players in the industry. The study, conducted in spring 2023, shows YouTube’s rapid growth in capturing the attention of podcast listeners over the past four years.

In previous editions of the Podcast Download study dating back to 2019, Apple held a dominant position as the preferred platform for podcast listening, with 29% of consumers using it most for that purpose. Apple’s share has steadily declined to 16%, while YouTube’s share has surged from 15% to its current leading position of 29%. Similarly, Spotify’s share has also seen a gradual decline from 27% to 17%.

YouTube’s ascendancy to the top spot is not limited to specific listener demographics or listening habits. Irrespective of when respondents started listening to podcasts or their frequency of consumption, YouTube remains the go-to platform for the majority of podcast listeners. YouTube stands out as the primary platform for podcast discovery, with 34% of weekly podcast audience members citing it as their starting point, compared to Apple’s 18% and Spotify’s 15%.

The April 2023 study, which included over 600 weekly podcast consumers, noted that YouTube’s rise to prominence was influenced by a change in the definition of podcast consumption introduced in April 2022. This change allowed participants who exclusively watch podcasts to take part in the survey. Since then, between 8% and 10% of the weekly podcast audience reported consuming podcasts solely through video.

“The platform findings in the report are fascinating and challenge some of the conventional wisdom we’ve seen in the industry regarding podcast destinations,” Signal Hill Insights Chief Insights Officer and Partner Paul Riismandel says.

“What we’ve seen is that the YouTube preference is utilitarian. Podcasting is still a multi-platform world, consistent with our heterogenous digital media consumption ecosystem. Consumers stick with YouTube for the video, community, comments, and recommendations but platform exclusivity is less important, as we see podcast consumers also listening to their YouTube shows elsewhere.”

The survey findings demonstrate an equal preference for watching and listening to podcasts, with 39% favoring the audio-only experience, 25% enjoying listening while minimizing or playing the video in the background, and 36% actively watching while listening. Notably, the percentage of respondents who prefer actively watching podcasts has increased from 28% in the previous wave of the study conducted in October 2022.

Unsurprisingly, when it comes to the ability to watch podcasts in addition to listening, YouTube holds a significant lead with 59% of respondents associating this capability with the platform, compared to 14% for Spotify and 11% for Apple Podcasts.

Maddy Troy serves as a writer and editor for Barrett News Media, with a specific focus on media business, advertising, and podcasting. You can find her on Twitter @Troy_Maddy.

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Can Financial Media Serve as the Canary in the Coal Mine?

There have been many significant developments in recent months, including interest rate declines, increased global tensions and the emergence of this year’s United States general election cycle.

With some in the media lauding the American economy’s resilience and strength and others pointing to stubbornly high prices, it’s difficult to accurately determine where the United States’ economic situation truly sits. To sift through the haze, however, some financial media analysts point to emerging indicators that may be predicting where we stand and, more importantly, where we are likely to go in the coming months and year.

Lawrence Lepard, Managing Partner of Equity Management Associates, joined the popular David Lin on his flourishing YouTube program to discuss what he sees as the state of the United States economy.

“I thought we’d be in a recession by now, and that really hasn’t happened. The economy just keeps marching on, and partly it’s because the Federal Government is spending like the true drunken sailors that they are,” Lepard began. “The debt, the U.S. federal debt went up a trillion dollars in a hundred days. So if you annualize that, that’s 3.65 trillion in a year. And that’s a lot of money that continues to fuel the economy. So, the stock market has gone on to higher highs and so on and so forth.”

There have been many significant developments in recent months, including interest rate declines, increased global tensions, and the emergence of this year’s United States general election cycle. Lepard honed in on some key indicators that he thinks may define the coming period ahead.

“Probably the most significant development is the breakout. The price of Bitcoin is up 60% plus in the first quarter. We’re now in mid-April. And the price of gold broke out to all-time highs. The all-time high in gold, as we all know, had been kind of in the 2070 range. $2070 an ounce. It bounced up against that a number of times, three or four times during the last few years. And then it decisively broke through it. And we’re now, as you know, in the 2400 area. 2300, 2400. But that’s a clear break-out. No doubt about it,” Lepard noted.

While many remain oblivious to those assets’ big moves, Lepard believes they may foreshadow the near-term future regarding interest rates and inflation in general.

“I think what both gold and Bitcoin are reacting to is the increased knowledge on the part of a lot of people around the world that the U.S. fiscal situation is just very, very out of control,” he said. “And that even though the Fed hasn’t formally pivoted, which is normally what it would take for these sound money assets to move higher, the fiscal situation suggests that it’s only a matter of time until they will be forced into pivoting.

“And therefore gold and Bitcoin are saying why wait, let’s get ahead of it. And so they both run. I mean Bitcoin hit a new all-time high in the low-70’s and then it’s backed off a bit since then. But gold is pushing against its all-time high as we speak.”

Taking the opposing view, Lin challenged Lepard’s thoughts, wondering if there is another way to look at the months ahead.

“Here’s the contradiction that I think is apparent in the economy. What we’re seeing right now is the market’s pushing back the possibility of a Fed cut by as late as 2025, I’ve seen. Certainly the CME Fed watch tools projections for a cut this year are much lower in probability,” Lin said.

“But if you’re saying we’re gonna get fiscal spending to continue, in other words. In your words the government’s spending like a drunken sailor and inflation’s going to return as a result of that. Well, if inflation is going to remain high as a result of fiscal spending, I think you know where I’m going with this. Why is the Fed going to pivot if inflation is going to stay high?”

“Well, I think that’s right. I think there’s a chance they won’t pivot until they’re forced to. Until something breaks. And what breaks might be the bond market. And there are different ways they can deal with this,” Lepard said.

Lepard went on to say that one possibility is that the Fed removes some restrictions, which would incentivize banks to buy the debt.

“The underlying problem here is that the Federal Government is spending like crazy, they’re using debt to do it, and they’re having to continually adjust the debt. They’re unable to sell long-term debt because everyone is aware, or more people are becoming aware of the duration risk. So they’re trending toward selling more short-term debt, and the market’s having a hard time taking it,” Lepard said. “I think what’s going on here is that the world’s waking up to the fact that inflation is not transitory and we’re not going to be able to get back to two percent.”

Lepard opined that reported inflation has been wildly lower than actual inflation, based on real-world prices of such things such as fast food.

“Even the CPI, I think most people would agree, is really not accurately stating what their inflation is. I mean, CPI is reporting around three and the Fed and others are saying they’re going to get it down to two. Well, how does that fit with gas prices that are now up 18% this year. And I know many cases of insurance people, insurance costs of auto insurance up 20 or 30 percent year over year. You’re seeing the wages are up six percent year over year,” Lepard pointed out.

“My contention has always been, when the 2020 Covid event happened and they printed all that money we entered an inflationary world. And history shows that when you’re in an inflationary world, it’s not easy to contain it. And so I think we’re going to have waves of inflation similar to what occurred in the 1970’s.”

“Is the economy doing well?” Lin asked Lepard. “I’ve heard conflicting viewpoints.”

“I think it’s mixed,” Lepard said. “I think for the upper-middle class, it’s doing fine. I think for a lot of people, they’re really hurting. And it’s kind of a mixed bag. The employment numbers show that we’re doing reasonably well at creating jobs, but some of them are  government jobs. A lot of them are part-time jobs. I think it’s a glass half-empty or a glass half-full, depending on how you look at it.”

Lepard said most of the highly-populated cities are doing better overall then the rest of the country, which he classified as a “two-tiered economy.” He also went on to predict Bitcoin’s rise to $150,000 or more and gold potentially reaching $5000 per ounce. These prices would be more than a doubling for each. 

Perhaps these assets are a current-day canary in the coal mine, sniffing out continued inflationary conditions and what might lie ahead.

Rick Schultz is a former Sports Director for WFUV Radio at Fordham University. He has coached and mentored hundreds of Sports Broadcasting students at the Connecticut School of Broadcasting, Marist College and privately. His media career experiences include working for the Hudson Valley Renegades, Army Sports at West Point, The Norwich Navigators, 1340/1390 ESPN Radio in Poughkeepsie, NY, Time Warner Cable TV, Scorephone NY, Metro Networks, NBC Sports, ABC Sports, Cumulus Media, Pamal Broadcasting and WATR. He has also authored a number of books including “A Renegade Championship Summer” and “Untold Tales From The Bush Leagues”. To get in touch, find him on Twitter @RickSchultzNY.

“I’ll be tweeting a lot less to everyone. And I just discovered how to reduce replies to only verified accounts.”

TheBlaze’s Jason Whitlock has announced he’s now able to utilize the subscription service on X, and has more than just revenue in mind.

In a post to X , Whitlock informed the more than 767,000 followers he has that he won’t be sending messages to as a broad of an audience in the immediate future.

“Just got approved for subscribers. I’ll be tweeting a lot less to everyone. And I just discovered how to reduce replies to only verified accounts,” said Whitlock. “I don’t want an echo chamber, but I do want fewer trolls.”

Just got approved for subscribers. I'll be tweeting a lot less to everyone. And I just discovered how to reduce replies to only verified accounts. I don't want an echo chamber, but I do want fewer trolls. — Jason Whitlock (@WhitlockJason) April 11, 2024

Jason Whitlock set his subscription rate at $25 per month, which drew backlash from users. He claimed he thought he was asking for $25 per year, but was restricted from changing the total by the social media platform.

The ability to utilize the subscription model on the social media platform is one that has been slow to be adopted by news media members. Along with Whitlock, OutKick’s Tomi Lahren is one of the few media members utilizing the offering from X. However, she only charges subscribers $1 per month and does not appear to put much content behind the subscription paywall, and instead posts most of her content to her 2.5 million followers.

Garrett Searight is the Editor of Barrett News Media. He previously served as Program Director and Afternoon Co-Host of 93.1 The Fan in Lima, OH. He is also the radio and TV play-by-play announcer for the Northern Michigan University hockey program. Reach him by email at [email protected] .

According to Nielsen Media Research, Fox News outperformed CNN and MSNBC in the key 25-54 demographic and the 18-49 demo across the day and in primetime.

FOX News is the top destination for breaking news coverage of the war in Ukraine and is the most-watched network in all cable across all categories and dayparts.

FNC has averaged 2.2 million viewers and 474,000 in the 25-54 demo since the start of the conflict, earning double-digit percent advantages over CNN across the board and widening to triple-digit advantages over MSNBC.

FNC continues to surpass the cable news competition in primetime, garnering 3.4 million viewers and 725,000 in the demo, again besting CNN by double digits and MSNBC by triple digits in all categories. From 8-11 PM/ET, FNC even outdrew broadcast networks NBC in overall viewers.

Fox News comprises over half of the cable news share in total day and primetime viewership.

Ryan Hedrick works for WIBC in Indianapolis as a Morning News Anchor/Digital Content Producer. Prior to moving to Indy, he served as Assistant Program Director and Co-Host of the Morning News Express at WFMD. His career also includes stints at News Talk 103.7 FM in Chambersburg, PA, Sirius XM in Washington D.C., WBEN in Buffalo, NY, and WIBW-AM in Topeka KS where he earned the Kansas Association of Broadcasters (KAB) award for Major Market enterprise reporting in 2016. To connect with Ryan, find him on Twitter @SureToCover.

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With YouTube Booming, Podcast Creators Get Camera-Ready

To some, “video podcasts” are a contradiction in terms. That hasn’t made them any less popular.

By Reggie Ugwu

For its new podcast studio in Burbank, Calif., Exactly Right Media — the company behind hit shows like “ My Favorite Murder ” and “ This Podcast Will Kill You ” — made several investments in high-end audio equipment: soundproofing, microphones, a dedicated control room.

But that was only half the job.

Next, it purchased half-a-dozen video cameras with the help of consultants, hired a set designer and a lighting designer, and found someone to build the scaffolding from which the new equipment would hang.

“We got the best truss guy in the city,” said Danielle Kramer, the company’s chief operating officer.

Until recently, Exactly Right would have had little need for such accouterments — more typical of a television studio than an audio company whose products are primarily consumed on long commutes or during weeknight dish duty. But the podcast industry is changing. As consumers, especially those under 30, spend more time on video platforms like YouTube and TikTok, many audio creators are reimagining their work to be seen as well as heard.

New shows, like “ Power User ,” “ Beyond the Arc ” and “ What Now? With Trevor Noah ,” now commonly launch with video on Day 1, while established series — including “ Las Culturistas ” and “ Planet Money ” — have added video supplements. According to a Times analysis of data published by Edison Research, 16 of the top 30 podcasts in the final quarter of 2023 — more than half — were available as filmed videos, compared with just seven of the top 30 from that same period two years earlier.

But the embrace of video presents a web of challenges. In addition to the added production and facilities costs, there is the question of how audio creators can compete in the oversaturated, cutthroat universe of viral online video.

Even to make the attempt, some industry veterans argue, represents a kind of betrayal. Podcasts, they say, are a distinctly aural form, and the very idea of a “video podcast” is a contradiction in terms.

“It’s like saying ‘video radio,’” said Jay Cockburn, a radio and podcast producer for The Globe and Mail and Vocal Fry Studios . “It’s a fundamental misunderstanding of the medium.”

Some categories of podcasts have produced video versions for years. Interview-driven series like “ The Joe Rogan Experience ,” “ Conan O’Brien Needs a Friend ” and “ Drink Champs ” reach millions of subscribers on YouTube and Spotify, which added support for video in 2020. Like the 1990s cable iterations of “The Howard Stern Show” and “Imus in the Morning,” the videos typically go behind the scenes of their audio counterparts — multiple camera angles show the hosts and guests sitting around a table and talking into microphones.

Shannon Sharpe, the pro football Hall of Famer and host of the interview podcast “ Club Shay Shay ,” said viewers like watching how his guests comport themselves. A viral episode of the show from January , featuring the comedian Katt Williams, has been viewed more than 66 million times on YouTube.

“There’s something about video and being able to see it for yourself,” Sharpe said. “You can get a sense of a person and their mannerisms. Are they happy? Are they agitated? Are they sad? Do they really want to tell this story, or would they rather not go further with it?”

A surge of interest in podcasts on YouTube, which added features making them easier to play and discover last year, has made video hard to resist for a wider range of podcasters. It is now the top platform for podcast consumption in the United States, overtaking both Apple Podcasts and Spotify. According to a survey published last fall , 28 percent of podcast consumers now do so on YouTube most frequently, compared to 15 percent who use Spotify and 12 percent who use Apple Podcasts. Those results are the reverse of five years ago, when 29 percent of consumers used Apple Podcasts and just 15 percent preferred YouTube.

“People want their content the way they want it when they want it,” said Lucinda Treat, chief executive of the progressive podcast company Crooked Media, producer of “ Pod Save America ” and “ Lovett or Leave It .” “They might be listening to a podcast in their car and put it on YouTube when they get home.”

YouTube’s powerful recommendation algorithm — an endless pipeline of new videos based on the user’s interests — is key to its allure. There is no equivalent on audio platforms, which many in the industry have long complained lack tools for easily discovering what to listen to next.

A potential new audience could be a boon to the industry after a painful year of layoffs, closures and cancellations , thanks to a down ad market and backpedaling from disenchanted tech investors. But many podcasts may not be fit to survive in a video-driven ecosystem.

Narrative and documentary podcasts, in particular, have struggled to break through. Unlike talk shows, scripted content is generally less amenable to “second screen” or background viewing, which is how 50 percent of users between 18 and 34 prefer to consume podcasts, according to Cumulus Media and Signal Hill Insights. Episodes of “ Radiolab ,” a narrative show that is among the Top 40 most popular podcasts in the U.S., across platforms, typically draw only 3,000 to 5,000 views on YouTube.

Cockburn, the radio and podcast producer, said the power of these podcasts derives from the personal connection that forms between the listener and the voice in their ears, and in the acts of imagination that only audio can stir.

“There’s nothing like going for a walk or a drive — with a narrator right on your eardrums — and getting that feeling that you just have to hear what happens next,” he said.

“Radiolab," like many similar podcasts, uses simple, subtly animated background images to accompany its YouTube edition. But some narrative audio companies are hoping that a more ambitious approach to video can succeed where other efforts have stalled.

Bradley Hope, the co-founder of Project Brazen, producers of “ The Sound ” and “ Spy Valley ,” said his company is experimenting with documentary-style video clips and filmed narration to make its scripted podcasts more visually compelling. It recently spent around $100,000 building an in-house video studio.

“There’s a sliding scale — if you do too much, then you’re basically making a full-blown documentary, which could easily double your costs,” Hope said, placing the standard budget for a limited, audio-only series at $250,000. “In my ideal world, there’s a step in between that wouldn’t be such a heavy lift.” He estimated that a middle-ground approach to video could add anywhere between $5,000 and $50,000 in costs, or between 2 percent and 20 percent.

Podcast companies that are investing in video see a much welcome, potential new revenue stream. Ian Enright, chief executive of the production company Goat Rodeo (“ The Retreat ,” “ Let’s Talk Off Camera With Kelly Ripa ”), estimated that, relative to an audio-only advertisement, a 60-second video ad read by the podcast host might bring in an extra 60 percent in revenue per 1,000 listens. A podcast with a conservatively budgeted video operation and a large and consistent viewership could comfortably justify the added costs.

Even for those enticed by the prospect of a new audience and a boost to revenue, the rapid rise of video has inspired some wariness. Treat, who worked for four years at Vice Media before joining Crooked Media in 2022, said she had “visceral memories” of the digital publishing industry’s own “pivot to video” era. Many outlets, largely chasing viral traffic on Facebook, threw millions of dollars and scores of staff at shiny new video operations — only to retreat after the social network changed its strategy.

“It was a business model that everybody thought was growing forever, and then it really changed,” she said.

Despite reaching 64 million viewers on YouTube last year — up about 100 percent from the year before — Crooked Media still finds the vast majority of its audience on audio platforms, which Treat said are the company’s primary focus. The audience for “Pod Save America,” its flagship series, is about 80 percent audio and 20 percent video. Fans who discover Crooked Media shows on YouTube, Treat said, will hopefully become audio subscribers, as well.

At Exactly Right Media, Kramer and the co-founders Karen Kilgariff and Georgia Hardstark are taking a similarly balanced approach. When it is completed later this spring, their new Burbank studio will at first be used not to record full video podcasts but for promotional videos and livestreams, meant to drive audiences back to their audio content.

“Maybe it’s the elder millennial in me,” Hardstark said. “But I still love the intimacy of audio.”

Reggie Ugwu is a Times culture reporter. More about Reggie Ugwu

The State of Podcasting

As consumers spend more time on video platforms like YouTube, many podcast creators are reimagining their work to be seen as well as heard .

The cast of the Nickelodeon series “Ned’s Declassified School Survival Guide” are among the stars of 2000s teen sitcoms who are using podcasts to connect with their Gen Z and millennial fan bases .

Christian Duguay’s podcast, “Valley Heat,” purports to be about the neighbors in the Rancho Equestrian District of Burbank, Calif. One thing is for sure: It’s masterfully absurd .

The success of Alex Cooper’s podcast, “Call Her Daddy,” has birthed a new media company. Can this millennial solve the riddle of what Gen Z wants ?

A host of media companies are all aiming to capitalize on interest in the criminal cases against former President Donald Trump  with true-crime podcasts.

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‘They are not alone’: Hundreds walk, run in Jacksonville Beach to raise money for brain cancer research

Aaron Farrar , News4Jax reporter

JACKSONVILLE BEACH, Fla. – About 1,500 people helped raise money for brain cancer and tumor research Saturday morning by running or walking in the Waves of Gray 5K in Jacksonville Beach.

Logan Cake is 17 years old and is wrapping up his junior year of high school.

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He is a brain cancer survivor.

Cake was diagnosed with a brain tumor when he was just 10 years old, becoming legally blind and losing some of his hearing during his fight.

He went into remission last year.

“In the beginning and being hit with it, I just had to take it and slowly process how everything was going to change and just look for the light at the end of the tunnel,” Cake said.

Melissa Cake, Logan’s mother, described her son as “resilient.”

“I have learned that he will conquer anything that is put in front of him, even to being in a coma for a few days this summer and in the hospital for 40 days and he was like I am going to school and he turned it around within a week right before school,” Melissa said.

Thousands of people raised money for people like Logan, through the Waves of Gray 5K.

The goal was to raise at least $100,000 to support research programs through Baptist MD Anderson.

That money would go to helping Nora Clark, who was diagnosed with Glioblastoma after suffering her first seizure in March 2023 and had brain surgery two months later.

RELATED | ‘He was an amazing man’: Woman remembers late husband ahead of 5K for brain cancer awareness

Her family praised her as a fighter and someone who exudes tremendous strength.

“They keep me fighting every day. I wake up every day, determined to beat this for all of these people,” Clark said.

Peyton Clark, Nora’s daughter-in-law, said hundreds of people have shown their support by praying, bringing meals and sending cards.

People who participated in the 5K got a T-shirt with a circle on the front. Within that circle, there are close to 200 names of people who have died from brain tumors.

This 5K was founded after Fred Fenton died in 2016 from Glioblastoma. He died less than a year after being diagnosed.

His wife, Dianne Fenton Waters launched this event hoping it serves as an inspiration for people to know that they are supported in their respective fights.

“I hope people take away a sense of family. A sense of community. A sense of that. They are not alone. Someone knows that they can talk to who knows what they are going through,” Fenton Waters said.

A big support system all with the same mindset -- finding a cure for brain cancer.

Copyright 2024 by WJXT News4JAX - All rights reserved.

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Aaron farrar.

Morning Show reporter

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US committee targets Georgia Tech's alleged ties to Chinese military linked research

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Naïma moustaïd-moussa named director of institute for one health innovation.

May 9, 2024

Texas Tech and the Texas Tech Health Sciences Center have announced the joint appointment for the newly formed institute.

Texas Tech University and the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC) have announced Naïma Moustaïd-Moussa as the inaugural executive director of the Institute for One Health Innovation (OHI) beginning July 1.  

The position is a joint appointment between Texas Tech and TTUHSC to better facilitate collaborations between the Lubbock-based institutions and other members of the Texas Tech University System (TTU System.)

“Dr. Moustaïd-Moussa was integral to the establishment of OHI,” said Texas Tech Vice President for Research & Innovation Joseph Heppert . “Her experience working across disciplines and institutions, including with collaborators at TTUHSC, made her the ideal candidate for this position. I'm excited to see OHI grow under her outstanding leadership.”

Moustaïd-Moussa is a Horn Distinguished Professor and the founding director of the Obesity Research Institute (ORI) along with being an associate vice president in the Office of Research & Innovation at Texas Tech. She has a proven track record of building interdisciplinary teams through her work with the ORI and will now be tasked with creating programming and opportunities that unite all aspects of One Health research across the TTU System. 

“I am very honored and very excited to step into this important role as inaugural director of the Institute for One Health Innovation,” Moustaïd-Moussa said. “This is a unique opportunity for us to synergize collaborations across the TTU System and address the interconnectivity between the health of animals, humans and ecosystems in new ways.” 

One Health is a collaborative approach to research that examines the interface between human and animal health, human and plant health, or any combination of the three to improve the health of all species, taking into consideration both lifestyle and environmental influences. 

Moustaïd-Moussa said the OHI's ultimate goal is to identify innovative solutions for health and healthcare challenges in rural West Texas by training scientists and healthcare professionals in leading transdisciplinary research. 

“For this inaugural directorship of an institute being launched at the TTU System level, we needed to identify an accomplished scholar and health researcher with abundant patience, professionalism and an unrelenting commitment to consensus building in a complex administrative environment,” said TTUHSC Senior Vice President for Research and Innovation Lance McMahon . “Dr. Moustaïd-Moussa is the clear frontrunner among a talented group of such individuals at our system universities and we are thrilled she accepted our offer to fill this important and pioneering role.”

Through OHI Texas Tech, TTUHSC and the TTU System are bringing together physicians, veterinarians, environmental scientists, engineers, nutritionists and public health professionals. By building bridges among disciplines they will make a positive impact on every aspect of the ecosystem humanity calls home.  

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Drs. Funk and Gibson Named as the New Vice Chairs of Research

The Department of Surgery recently named Dr. Luke Funk , Associate Professor in the Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Dr. Angela Gibson , Associate Professor in the Division of Acute Care and Regional General Surgery, as the new Vice Chairs of Research. They assumed the role of Vice Chairs of Research on May 1.

“Our faculty and trainees continue to innovate and explore areas of new discovery,” Dr. Funk said. “We have tremendous support at our institution, and my goal is to help ensure that our research teams are able to utilize the resources they need across the UW-Madison campus and beyond to move our fields forward.”

“Our department has an amazing wealth of resources and support for investigators at all stages and a strong reputation for collaboration within and outside of our organization,” Dr. Gibson said. “I am looking forward to contributing to the tremendous progress made in the growth and organization of the groundbreaking research in the department.”

Dr. Susan Thibeault, Professor in the Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, and Dr. Lee Wilke, Professor in the Division of Surgical Oncology, served as Co-Vice Chairs of Research for eight and five years, respectively. During their tenures the Department of Surgery saw tremendous growth in its research portfolio as well as continued strengthening of its infrastructure.

“Drs. Funk and Gibson will take the torch and will do a fantastic job in growing and leading our research enterprise moving forward,” said Dr. Rebecca Minter, A.R. Curreri Distinguished Chair of the Department of Surgery. “They bring a unique combination of skills and experiences spanning health services and basic and translational science and I’m excited to watch them grow in their new roles.”