research survey paper template

How to Write a Survey Paper: Brief Overview

Every student wishes there was a shortcut to learning about a subject. Writing a survey paper can be an effective tool for synthesizing and consolidating information on a particular topic to gain mastery over it.

There are several techniques and best practices for writing a successful survey paper. Our team is ready to guide you through the writing process and teach you how to write a paper that will benefit your academic and professional career.

What is a Survey Paper

A survey paper is a type of academic writing that aims to give readers a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research on a particular topic. By synthesizing and analyzing already existing research, a survey paper provides good shortcuts highlighting meaningful achievements and recent advances in the field and shows the gaps where further research might be needed.

The survey paper format includes an introduction that defines the scope of the research domain, followed by a thorough literature review section that summarizes and critiques existing research while showcasing areas for further research. A good survey paper must also provide an overview of commonly used methodologies, approaches, key terms, and recent trends in the field and a clear summary that synthesizes the main findings presented.

Our essay writing service team not only provides the best survey paper example but can also write a custom academic paper based on your specific requirements and needs.

How to Write a Survey Paper: Important Steps

If you have your head in your hands, wondering how to write a survey paper, you must be new here. Luckily, our team of experts got you! Below you will find the steps that will guide you to the best approach to writing a successful survey paper. No more worries about how to research a topic . Let's dive in!

Obviously, the first step is to choose a topic that is both interesting to you and relevant to a large audience. If you are struggling with topic selection, go for only the ones that have the most literature to compose a comprehensive research paper.

Once you have selected your topic, define the scope of your survey paper and the specific research questions that will guide your literature review. This will help you establish boundaries and ensure that your paper is focused and well-structured.

Next, start collecting existing research on your topic through various academic databases and literature reviews. Make sure you are up to date with recent discoveries and advances. Before selecting any work for the survey, make sure the database is credible. Determine what sources are considered trustworthy and reputable within the specific domain.

Continue survey paper writing by selecting the most relevant and significant research pieces to include in your literature overview. Make sure to methodically analyze each source and critically evaluate its relevance, rigor, validity, and contribution to the field.

At this point, you have already undertaken half of the job. Maybe even more since collecting and analyzing the literature is often the most challenging part of writing a survey paper. Now it's time to organize and structure your paper. Follow the well-established outline, give a thorough review, and compose compelling body paragraphs. Don't forget to include detailed methodology and highlight key findings and revolutionary ideas.

Finish off your writing with a powerful conclusion that not only summarizes the key arguments but also indicates future research directions.

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Survey Paper Outline

The following is a general outline of a survey paper.

Introduction - with background information on the topic and research questions
Literature Overview - including relevant research studies and their analysis
Methodologies and Approaches - detailing the methods used to collect and analyze data in the literature overview
Findings and Trends - summarizing the key findings and trends from the literature review
Challenges and Gaps - highlighting the limitations of studies reviewed
Future Research Direction - exploring future research opportunities and recommendations
Conclusion - a summary of the research conducted and its significance, along with suggestions for further work in this area.
References - a list of all the sources cited in the paper, including academic articles and reports.

You can always customize this outline to fit your paper's specific requirements, but none of the components can be eliminated. Our custom essay writer

Further, we can explore survey paper example formats to get a better understanding of what a well-written survey paper looks like. Our custom essay writer can assist in crafting a plagiarism-free essay tailored to meet your unique needs.

Survey Paper Format

Having a basic understanding of an outline for a survey paper is just the beginning. To excel in survey paper writing, it's important to become proficient in academic essay formatting techniques. Have the following as a rule of thumb: make sure each section relates to the others and that the flow of your paper is logical and readable.

Title - You need to come up with a clear and concise title that reflects the main objective of your research question.

Survey paper example title: 'The analysis of recommender systems in E-commerce.'

Abstract - Here, you should state the purpose of your research and summarize key findings in a brief paragraph. The abstract is a shortcut to the paper, so make sure it's informative.

Introduction - This section is a crucial element of an academic essay and should be intriguing and provide background information on the topic, feeding the readers' curiosity.

Literature with benefits and limitations - This section dives into the existing literature on the research question, including relevant studies and their analyses. When reviewing the literature, it is important to highlight both benefits and limitations of existing studies to identify gaps for future research.

Result analysis - In this section, you should present and analyze the results of your survey paper. Make sure to include statistical data, graphs, and charts to support your conclusions.

Conclusion - Just like in any other thesis writing, here you need to sum up the key findings of your survey paper. How it helped advance the research topic, what limitations need to be addressed, and important implications for future research.

Future Research Direction - You can either give this a separate section or include it in a conclusion, but you can never overlook the importance of a future research direction. Distinctly point out areas of limitations and suggest possible avenues for future research.

References - Finally, be sure to include a list of all the sources/references you've used in your research. Without a list of references, your work will lose all its credibility and can no longer be beneficial to other researchers.

Writing a Good Survey Paper: Helpful Tips

After mastering the basics of how to write a good survey paper, there are a few tips to keep in mind. They will help you advance your writing and ensure your survey paper stands out among others.

Select Only Relevant Literature

When conducting research, one can easily get carried away and start hoarding all available literature, which may not necessarily be relevant to your research question. Make sure to stay within the scope of your topic. Clearly articulate your research question, and then select only literature that directly addresses the research question. A few initial readings might not reveal the relevance, so you need a systematic review and filter of the literature that is directly related to the research question.

Use Various Sources and Be Up-to-Date

Our team suggests only using up-to-date material that was published within the last 5 years. Additional sources may be used if they contribute significantly to the research question, but it is important to prioritize current literature.

Use more than 10 research papers. Though narrowing your pool of references to only relevant literature is important, it's also crucial that you have a sufficient number of sources.

Rely on Reputable Sources

Writing a survey paper is a challenge. Don't forget that it is quality over quantity. Be sure to choose reputable sources that have been peer-reviewed and are recognized within your field of research. Having a large number of various research papers does not mean that your survey paper is of high quality.

Construct a Concise Research Question

Having a short and to-the-point research question not only helps the audience understand the direction of your paper but also helps you stay focused on a clear goal. With a clear research question, you will have an easier time selecting the relevant literature, avoiding unnecessary information, and maintaining the structure of your paper.

Use an Appropriate Format

The scholarly world appreciates when researchers follow a standard format when presenting their survey papers. Therefore, it is important to use a suitable and consistent format that adheres to the guidelines provided by your academic institution or field.

Our paper survey template offers a clear structure that can aid in organizing your thoughts and sources, as well as ensuring that you cover all the necessary components of a survey paper.

Don't forget to use appropriate heading, font, spacing, margins, and referencing style. If there is a strict word limit, be sure to adhere to it and use concise wording.

Use Logical Sequence

A survey paper is different from a regular research paper. Every element of the essay needs to relate to the research question and tie into the overall objective of the paper.

Writing research papers takes a lot of effort and attention to detail. You will have to revise, edit and proofread your work several times. If you are struggling with any aspect of the writing process, just say, ' Write my research paper for me ,' and our team of tireless writers will be happy to assist you.

Starting Point: Survey Paper Example Topics

Learning how to write a survey paper is important, but it is only one aspect of the process.

Now you need a powerful research question. To help get you started, we have compiled a list of survey paper example topics that may inspire you.

Survey of Evolution and Challenges of Electronic Search Engines
A Comprehensive Survey Paper on Machine Learning Algorithms
Survey of Leaf Image Analysis for Plant Species Recognition
Advances in Natural Language Processing for Sentiment Analysis
Emerging Trends in Cybersecurity Threat Detection
A Comprehensive Survey of Techniques in Big Data Analytics in Healthcare
A Survey of Advances in Digital Art and Virtual Reality
A Systematic Review of the Impact of Social Media Marketing Strategies on Consumer Behavior
A Survey of AI Systems in Artistic Expression
Exploring New Research Methods and Ethical Considerations in Anthropology
Exploring Data-driven Approaches for Performance Analysis and Decision Making in Sports
A Survey of Benefits of Optimizing Performance through Diet and Supplementation
A Critical Review of Existing Research on The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity Conservation Strategies
Investigating the Future of Blockchain Technology for Secure Data Sharing
A Critical Review of the Literature on Mental Health and Innovation in the Workplace

Final Thoughts

Next time you are asked to write a survey paper, remember it is not just following an iterative process of gathering and summarizing existing research; it requires a deep understanding of the subject matter as well as critical analysis skills. Creative thinking and innovative approaches also play a key role in producing high-quality survey papers.

Our expert writers can help you navigate the complex process of writing a survey paper, from topic selection to data analysis and interpretation.

Finding It Difficult to Write a Survey Paper?

Our essay writing service offers plagiarism-free papers tailored to your specific needs.

Are you looking for advice on how to create an engaging and informative survey paper? This frequently asked questions (FAQ) section offers valuable responses to common inquiries that researchers frequently come across when writing a survey paper. Let's delve into it!

What is Survey Paper in Ph.D.?

What is the difference between survey paper and literature review paper, related articles.

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Mastering The Art Of Writing A Survey Paper: A Step-By-Step Guide

Table of Contents

Importance of survey papers in academic research

Survey papers play a crucial role in academic research as they provide a comprehensive overview of a specific topic or field. These papers serve as valuable resources for researchers, students, and professionals who want to gain a deeper understanding of a subject. By synthesizing existing literature, survey papers help to identify research gaps, highlight key findings, and offer insights into future research directions.

Survey papers are essential for the following reasons:

Summarizing existing knowledge: Survey papers consolidate and summarize the existing body of knowledge on a particular topic. They provide a comprehensive overview of the research conducted in the field, making it easier for readers to grasp the key concepts and findings.

Identifying research gaps: By analyzing the existing literature, survey papers help researchers identify areas where further investigation is needed. They highlight the gaps in knowledge and suggest potential research questions that can contribute to the advancement of the field.

Saving time and effort: Instead of going through numerous individual research papers, survey papers offer a consolidated source of information. Researchers can save time and effort by referring to a well-structured survey paper that provides a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

Providing a foundation for new research: Survey papers serve as a foundation for new research. They provide researchers with a solid understanding of the existing literature, enabling them to build upon previous studies and contribute to the field’s knowledge.

Purpose of the blog post

The purpose of this blog post is to guide aspiring researchers and students on how to write an effective survey paper. It will provide a step-by-step approach to help them navigate through the process of selecting a topic, conducting a literature review, outlining the structure, writing the paper, editing and proofreading, formatting and presentation, and finalizing the survey paper.

By following the guidelines outlined in this blog post, readers will be equipped with the necessary tools and knowledge to produce a high-quality survey paper that adds value to the academic community. Whether they are writing a survey paper for a course assignment, a research project, or a publication, this blog post will serve as a comprehensive resource to help them excel in their writing endeavors.

In the next section, we will delve into the basics of survey papers, including their definition, different types, and the benefits of writing one.

Understanding the Basics

A survey paper is a comprehensive review of existing literature on a specific topic or research area. It aims to provide a summary and analysis of the current state of knowledge in the field. Understanding the basics of survey papers is crucial for researchers and academics who wish to contribute to the existing body of knowledge. Here, we will explore the definition of a survey paper, different types of survey papers, and the benefits of writing one.

Definition of a survey paper

A survey paper, also known as a review paper or a literature review, is a type of academic paper that synthesizes and analyzes existing research on a particular topic. It goes beyond summarizing individual studies and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. The goal of a survey paper is to identify trends, patterns, and gaps in the existing literature .

Different types of survey papers

There are several types of survey papers, each with its own purpose and focus. Some common types include:

Traditional survey papers : These provide a broad overview of the topic, covering various aspects and subtopics. They aim to present a comprehensive summary of the existing literature.

Focused survey papers : These focus on a specific aspect or subtopic within a broader field. They delve deeper into a particular area of interest and provide a more detailed analysis.

Systematic review papers : These follow a specific methodology for selecting and analyzing studies. They aim to minimize bias and provide an objective assessment of the available evidence.

Meta-analysis papers : These involve statistical analysis of data from multiple studies to draw conclusions and identify patterns or relationships.

Benefits of writing a survey paper

Writing a survey paper offers several benefits for researchers and academics:

Understanding the research landscape : Conducting a comprehensive literature review allows researchers to gain a deep understanding of the current state of knowledge in their field. It helps identify gaps, controversies, and areas that require further investigation.

Contributing to the field : By synthesizing and analyzing existing research, survey papers provide valuable insights and perspectives. They can help shape the direction of future research and contribute to the advancement of knowledge.

Building credibility : Publishing a well-written survey paper enhances the author’s reputation and credibility in the academic community. It demonstrates expertise in the field and the ability to critically evaluate and synthesize existing research.

Identifying research opportunities : Survey papers often highlight areas where further research is needed. They can inspire new research questions and guide researchers towards fruitful avenues of investigation.

In conclusion, understanding the basics of survey papers is essential for researchers and academics. It involves knowing the definition of a survey paper, different types of survey papers, and the benefits of writing one. By conducting a comprehensive literature review and synthesizing existing research, survey papers contribute to the advancement of knowledge in a particular field. They provide valuable insights, identify research gaps, and guide future research directions.

Choosing a Topic

Choosing the right topic is a crucial step in writing a survey paper. It sets the foundation for your research and determines the direction of your paper. Here are some key considerations when selecting a topic:

Identifying a Research Gap

To begin, you need to identify a research gap in the existing literature. Look for areas where there is limited or conflicting information, unanswered questions, or emerging trends. This will ensure that your survey paper adds value to the academic community by filling a knowledge gap .

Selecting a Specific Area of Interest

Once you have identified a research gap, narrow down your focus by selecting a specific area of interest within that gap. Choose a topic that aligns with your expertise and interests . This will make the writing process more enjoyable and allow you to bring a unique perspective to the paper.

Ensuring the Topic is Relevant and Significant

When choosing a topic, it is important to consider its relevance and significance. Select a topic that is timely and has practical implications . This will make your survey paper more valuable to readers and increase its impact. Additionally, consider the potential for future research and the broader implications of your chosen topic.

To ensure the relevance and significance of your topic, you can:

Review recent publications and conference proceedings to identify emerging trends and hot topics in your field.
Consult with experts and mentors to get their insights and suggestions on potential topics.
Consider the practical applications of your chosen topic and how it can contribute to real-world problem-solving.

By following these steps, you can choose a topic that is both interesting to you and valuable to the academic community. Remember, the topic you choose will shape the entire survey paper, so take the time to select it wisely.

In conclusion, choosing a topic for your survey paper involves identifying a research gap, selecting a specific area of interest, and ensuring the topic is relevant and significant. By following these guidelines, you can set the stage for a well-rounded and impactful survey paper.

Conducting a Literature Review

Conducting a thorough literature review is a crucial step in writing a survey paper. It involves searching for relevant sources, evaluating their credibility, and organizing and summarizing the literature. This section will guide you through the process of conducting a literature review effectively.

Searching for relevant sources

When conducting a literature review, it is essential to search for relevant sources that contribute to your understanding of the topic. Here are some tips to help you find the right sources:

Utilize academic databases : Academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore are excellent resources for finding scholarly articles, conference papers, and research studies related to your topic.

Use appropriate keywords : Use specific keywords and phrases that accurately represent your research topic. This will help you narrow down your search and find relevant sources more efficiently.

Explore citation lists : Look for relevant sources in the reference lists of articles and papers you have already found. This can lead you to additional sources that are highly relevant to your research.

Consider different publication types : Apart from academic journals, consider including books, reports, theses, and dissertations in your literature review. These sources can provide valuable insights and perspectives on your topic.

Evaluating the credibility of the sources

It is crucial to evaluate the credibility and reliability of the sources you include in your literature review. Here are some factors to consider when assessing the credibility of a source:

Author’s expertise : Check the credentials and expertise of the author(s) of the source. Look for their affiliations, qualifications, and previous research experience in the field.

Publication venue : Consider the reputation and impact factor of the journal or conference where the source was published. High-quality venues often have a rigorous peer-review process, ensuring the reliability of the research.

Currency of the source : Ensure that the source is up-to-date and reflects the current state of research in the field. This is particularly important in rapidly evolving areas of study.

Peer-reviewed sources : Prefer sources that have undergone a peer-review process. Peer-reviewed articles are evaluated by experts in the field, ensuring the quality and validity of the research.

Organizing and summarizing the literature

Once you have gathered relevant sources, it is essential to organize and summarize the literature effectively. Here are some steps to help you with this process:

Create a citation database : Maintain a database or spreadsheet to keep track of the sources you have found. Include important details such as author names, publication year, title, and relevant notes.

Identify key themes and subtopics : Analyze the literature to identify common themes and subtopics that emerge from the sources. This will help you organize your survey paper and provide a logical flow of ideas.

Summarize the main findings : Write concise summaries of the main findings and key points from each source. Focus on the aspects that are most relevant to your research question or objective.

Identify gaps and controversies : Pay attention to any gaps or controversies in the literature. These can be areas where further research is needed or where different studies present conflicting results.

By following these steps, you can conduct a comprehensive literature review that forms the foundation of your survey paper. Remember to critically analyze and synthesize the information from various sources to provide a balanced and informative overview of the topic.

Outlining the Structure

When writing a survey paper, it is crucial to have a well-structured outline that guides the flow of your content. A clear and organized structure not only helps you present your ideas effectively but also makes it easier for readers to navigate through your paper. In this section, we will discuss the key components of outlining the structure of a survey paper.

The introduction sets the stage for your survey paper and provides essential background information to the readers. It should capture their attention and clearly state the research question or objective of your paper.

Background information : Start by providing a brief overview of the topic and its significance in the field. This helps readers understand the context and relevance of your survey paper.

Research question/objective : Clearly state the main research question or objective that your paper aims to address. This helps readers understand the purpose and focus of your survey.

The main body of your survey paper should be well-organized and structured to present your findings and analysis in a coherent manner. Consider the following points when outlining the main body:

Subtopics and their organization : Identify the key subtopics or themes that you will cover in your survey. These subtopics should be logically organized to provide a smooth flow of ideas. You can use headings and subheadings to clearly indicate the different sections of your paper.

Inclusion of relevant studies and findings : Within each subtopic, include relevant studies, research papers, and findings that contribute to the understanding of the topic. Make sure to cite and reference these sources properly to give credit to the original authors.

The conclusion of your survey paper should summarize the key points discussed in the main body and provide insights for future research directions. Consider the following elements when outlining the conclusion:

Summary of key points : Provide a concise summary of the main findings and insights from your survey. This helps readers grasp the main takeaways from your paper.

Future research directions : Discuss potential areas for further research or gaps that need to be addressed in the field. This encourages readers to explore new avenues and continue the scholarly conversation.

Having a well-structured outline for your survey paper ensures that you cover all the necessary components and present your ideas in a logical and coherent manner. It helps you stay focused and organized throughout the writing process.

Remember to review and revise your outline as needed to ensure that it aligns with the specific requirements and preferences of your survey paper. A well-structured survey paper not only enhances your credibility as a researcher but also contributes to the academic community’s knowledge and understanding of the topic.

Writing the Survey Paper

Writing a survey paper requires careful planning and organization to ensure that the information is presented in a clear and coherent manner. In this section, we will discuss the key steps involved in writing a survey paper.

The introduction of a survey paper plays a crucial role in capturing the reader’s attention and setting the tone for the rest of the paper. It should begin with an engaging opening statement that highlights the importance of the topic. The research question or objective should be clearly stated to provide a roadmap for the paper.

The main body of the survey paper should present a coherent flow of ideas that addresses the research question or objective. It is important to organize the content in a logical manner, using subheadings to divide the paper into sections. Each subtopic should be discussed in detail, providing a comprehensive overview of the existing literature.

When discussing previous studies and findings, it is essential to properly cite and reference the sources. This not only gives credit to the original authors but also adds credibility to the survey paper. Using a consistent citation style throughout the paper is important to maintain uniformity.

The conclusion of the survey paper should summarize the key findings and provide a concise overview of the main points discussed in the main body. It is an opportunity to highlight the significance of the research and its implications for future studies. Recommendations for further research can also be included to encourage future exploration of the topic.

Editing and Proofreading

Once the survey paper is written, it is crucial to thoroughly edit and proofread the content. This involves checking for grammar and spelling errors to ensure clarity and professionalism. It is also beneficial to seek feedback from peers or mentors to gain different perspectives and identify areas for improvement.

Formatting and Presentation

Proper formatting and presentation are essential for a well-structured survey paper. Following the required citation style is crucial to maintain consistency and adhere to academic standards. Headings, subheadings, and paragraphs should be properly formatted to enhance readability. Additionally, including tables, figures, and graphs can help illustrate complex information and enhance the overall presentation of the paper.

Finalizing the Survey Paper

Before submitting the survey paper, it is important to review the overall structure and content. This involves making necessary revisions and improvements to ensure the paper is coherent and cohesive. Proofreading the final version is crucial to eliminate any remaining errors and ensure a polished final product.

In conclusion, writing a survey paper requires careful planning, organization, and attention to detail. By following the steps outlined in this section, you can effectively write a survey paper that contributes to the existing body of knowledge in your field. Mastering the art of writing survey papers will not only enhance your academic research skills but also establish you as a knowledgeable and credible researcher.

Additional Resources:

Recommended books and articles on survey paper writing

Online tools and platforms for organizing research

References:

List of sources cited in the blog post

Editing and proofreading are crucial steps in the writing process. They ensure that your survey paper is polished, error-free, and effectively communicates your ideas. Here are some essential tips to help you edit and proofread your survey paper effectively:

Checking for grammar and spelling errors

Use grammar and spell-check tools : Utilize grammar and spell-check tools like Grammarly or Microsoft Word’s built-in spell checker to identify and correct any grammatical or spelling errors in your survey paper.

Read your paper aloud : Reading your paper aloud can help you identify awkward sentence structures, grammatical errors, and spelling mistakes that you may have missed while reading silently.

Proofread multiple times : Proofreading is not a one-time task. It is essential to proofread your survey paper multiple times to catch any errors that may have been overlooked during previous rounds of editing.

Ensuring clarity and coherence

Check for clarity of ideas : Ensure that your ideas are presented clearly and concisely. Avoid using jargon or overly complex language that may confuse your readers. Use simple and straightforward language to convey your message effectively.

Maintain coherence and logical flow : Ensure that your survey paper has a logical flow of ideas. Each paragraph should connect smoothly to the next, and there should be a clear progression of thoughts throughout the paper. Use transition words and phrases to guide your readers through the different sections of your survey paper.

Eliminate redundant or irrelevant information : Review your survey paper to identify any redundant or irrelevant information. Remove any content that does not contribute to the overall purpose or argument of your paper. This will help streamline your paper and make it more focused and concise.

Seeking feedback from peers or mentors

Get a fresh pair of eyes : Ask a peer or mentor to review your survey paper. They can provide valuable feedback on areas that may need improvement, such as clarity, organization, or the overall structure of your paper.

Consider different perspectives : When seeking feedback, consider the perspectives of your reviewers. They may offer insights or suggestions that you may not have considered, helping you enhance the quality of your survey paper.

Incorporate feedback effectively : Take the feedback you receive into account and make necessary revisions to your survey paper. Be open to constructive criticism and use it to refine your paper further.

Remember, editing and proofreading are essential steps in the writing process. They help ensure that your survey paper is well-written, error-free, and effectively communicates your research findings. By following these tips, you can enhance the quality and clarity of your survey paper, making it more impactful and engaging for your readers.

Formatting and presentation play a crucial role in the overall quality and readability of a survey paper. Proper formatting ensures that the information is organized and presented in a clear and visually appealing manner. In this section, we will discuss the key aspects of formatting and presentation that you should consider when writing your survey paper.

Following the required citation style

One of the first things you need to consider when formatting your survey paper is the citation style required by your academic institution or the journal you are submitting to. Common citation styles include APA, MLA, and Chicago. Each style has specific guidelines for citing sources, formatting references, and creating in-text citations. It is important to familiarize yourself with the specific requirements of the chosen citation style and consistently apply it throughout your paper.

Properly formatting headings, subheadings, and paragraphs

Headings and subheadings are essential for organizing the content of your survey paper and guiding the reader through the different sections. When formatting headings and subheadings, it is important to follow a consistent hierarchy and formatting style. Typically, main headings are formatted in a larger font size and may be bold or italicized, while subheadings are formatted in a slightly smaller font size. This helps to visually distinguish between different levels of information and makes it easier for the reader to navigate through the paper.

In addition to headings and subheadings, proper formatting of paragraphs is also important. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea or topic and be well-structured with a clear topic sentence and supporting sentences. It is recommended to use a standard font such as Times New Roman or Arial, with a font size of 12 points. Additionally, paragraphs should be indented and have appropriate line spacing to enhance readability.

Including tables, figures, and graphs if necessary

Tables, figures, and graphs can be effective tools for presenting complex data or summarizing key findings in a visual format. When including these elements in your survey paper, it is important to ensure that they are properly labeled and referenced within the text. Tables should have clear column headings and be organized in a logical manner. Figures and graphs should have descriptive captions and be accompanied by a brief explanation in the text.

It is also important to consider the placement of tables, figures, and graphs within the paper. They should be inserted close to the relevant text and be easily accessible to the reader. If necessary, you can also refer to these elements in the text to provide further explanation or analysis.

Formatting and presentation are essential aspects of writing a high-quality survey paper. By following the required citation style, properly formatting headings and paragraphs, and including tables, figures, and graphs when necessary, you can enhance the overall readability and visual appeal of your paper. Remember to consistently apply these formatting guidelines throughout your survey paper to maintain a professional and polished appearance.

After going through the process of conducting a literature review, outlining the structure, writing the survey paper, and editing and proofreading it, you are now ready to finalize your survey paper. This stage involves reviewing the overall structure and content, making necessary revisions and improvements, and proofreading the final version.

Reviewing the overall structure and content

At this stage, it is crucial to review the overall structure and content of your survey paper. Ensure that the paper flows logically and coherently from the introduction to the conclusion. Check if the main body of the paper effectively addresses the research question or objective stated in the introduction. Make sure that each subtopic is adequately covered and that the inclusion of relevant studies and findings supports your arguments.

Making necessary revisions and improvements

During the finalization stage, it is common to identify areas that require revisions and improvements. Pay attention to the clarity and conciseness of your writing. Revise sentences or paragraphs that may be confusing or convoluted . Ensure that your arguments are well-supported by the literature and that you have properly cited and referenced all sources. Eliminate any redundant or irrelevant information that may distract readers from the main points of your survey paper.

Proofreading the final version

Proofreading is a crucial step in finalizing your survey paper. Check for grammar and spelling errors that may have been overlooked during the editing process. Ensure that your paper adheres to the required citation style and that all references are correctly formatted. Read through your paper carefully to ensure clarity and coherence . It may be helpful to read your paper aloud or ask a colleague to review it for you. Their fresh perspective can help identify any remaining errors or areas that need improvement.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your survey paper is of high quality and ready for submission or publication. Finalizing your survey paper requires attention to detail and a commitment to producing a well-structured and well-written piece of academic research.

Remember, the finalization stage is not the end of the writing process. It is always beneficial to seek feedback from peers or mentors to gain different perspectives and identify areas for further improvement. Their insights can help you refine your survey paper and make it even stronger.

In conclusion, finalizing a survey paper involves reviewing the overall structure and content, making necessary revisions and improvements, and proofreading the final version. It is a critical stage in the writing process that ensures your survey paper is polished and ready to be shared with the academic community.

Mastering the art of writing survey papers takes time and practice . By following the steps outlined in this blog post and seeking continuous improvement, you can become proficient in writing survey papers that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in your field.

Additional Resources

To further enhance your understanding of survey paper writing, here are some recommended books and articles:

[Book] “Writing a Successful Research Paper: A Simple Approach” by Stanley Chodorow
[Article] “How to Write a Survey Paper” by Martijn van Otterlo

Additionally, there are online tools and platforms available that can assist you in organizing your research and citations:

[Tool] Zotero: A free, open-source reference management software
[Platform] Mendeley: A platform for managing and sharing research papers

These resources can provide valuable guidance and support as you continue to develop your skills in writing survey papers.

[List of sources cited in the blog post]

When it comes to writing survey papers, having access to additional resources can greatly enhance your understanding and improve the quality of your work. Here are some recommended books, articles, and online tools that can assist you in the process of writing a survey paper.

Online Tools and Platforms for Organizing Research

Zotero : Zotero is a free reference management tool that helps you collect, organize, and cite your sources. It allows you to easily save and annotate articles, books, and websites, and generate citations in various citation styles.

Mendeley : Mendeley is another popular reference management tool that enables you to organize your research library, collaborate with others, and generate citations and bibliographies. It also offers a social networking feature that allows you to connect with researchers in your field.

Google Scholar : Google Scholar is a powerful search engine that specializes in scholarly literature. It can be a valuable resource for finding relevant articles, books, and conference papers for your survey paper.

Microsoft Word or Google Docs : These word processing tools provide essential features for writing and formatting your survey paper. They offer options for creating headings, subheadings, and tables, as well as tools for spell checking and grammar correction.

Remember, while these resources can be helpful, it is important to critically evaluate the information you find and ensure its relevance and credibility before including it in your survey paper.

In conclusion, writing a survey paper requires careful planning, extensive research, and effective organization of information. By utilizing the additional resources mentioned above, you can enhance your writing skills and produce a high-quality survey paper that contributes to the academic community.

List of sources cited in the blog post:

Chinneck, J. W. (n.d.). Writing a Survey Paper .
Tatu, M. (n.d.). How to Write a Survey Paper .
Ridley, D. (2012). The Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students .
Chodorow, S. (2014). Writing a Successful Research Paper: A Simple Approach .

When writing a survey paper, it is crucial to include a comprehensive list of references to support your claims and provide credibility to your work. The references section serves as a valuable resource for readers who wish to delve deeper into the topic or verify the information presented in your survey paper. Here are some important points to consider when creating the references section:

Ensure that you include all the sources that you have cited throughout your survey paper. This includes academic papers, books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and any other relevant sources that have contributed to your research. Proper citation and referencing are essential to avoid plagiarism and give credit to the original authors.

Formatting the references

Follow the required citation style specified by your academic institution or the journal you are submitting your survey paper to. Common citation styles include APA, MLA, Chicago, and IEEE. Each citation style has specific guidelines for formatting the references, including the order of information, punctuation, and capitalization. Properly formatting your references ensures consistency and makes it easier for readers to locate the sources you have used.

Organizing the references

Arrange the references in alphabetical order by the last name of the first author. If there are multiple authors, list them in the same order as they appear in the original source. Include the title of the paper or article, the name of the journal or book, the publication date, and the page numbers if applicable. Be sure to include all the necessary information to help readers locate the source easily.

There are several online tools and platforms available that can assist you in organizing and managing your research references. These tools help you create and format citations, generate bibliographies, and store your references in a centralized location. Some popular reference management tools include Zotero , Mendeley , and EndNote . These tools not only save time but also ensure accuracy and consistency in your references.

Double-checking the references

Before finalizing your survey paper, it is crucial to double-check the references section for any errors or omissions. Make sure that all the citations are accurate and complete. Verify that the formatting and punctuation are consistent throughout the references section. Proofreading the final version of your survey paper includes reviewing the references to ensure they are correctly formatted and properly cited.

Including a well-organized and accurate references section is essential for any survey paper. It adds credibility to your work and allows readers to explore the sources you have used. By following the guidelines for formatting and organizing your references, you can ensure that your survey paper meets the highest standards of academic integrity.

Writing a Survey Paper: A Comprehensive Guide

A. Importance of survey papers in academic research B. Purpose of the blog post

A. Definition of a survey paper B. Different types of survey papers C. Benefits of writing a survey paper

A. Identifying a research gap B. Selecting a specific area of interest C. Ensuring the topic is relevant and significant

A. Searching for relevant sources B. Evaluating the credibility of the sources C. Organizing and summarizing the literature

A. Introduction 1. Background information 2. Research question/objective B. Main Body 1. Subtopics and their organization 2. Inclusion of relevant studies and findings C. Conclusion 1. Summary of key points 2. Future research directions

A. Introduction 1. Engaging opening statement 2. Clear research question/objective B. Main Body 1. Coherent flow of ideas 2. Proper citation and referencing C. Conclusion 1. Recap of main findings 2. Implications and recommendations

A. Checking for grammar and spelling errors B. Ensuring clarity and coherence C. Seeking feedback from peers or mentors

A. Following the required citation style B. Properly formatting headings, subheadings, and paragraphs C. Including tables, figures, and graphs if necessary

A. Reviewing the overall structure and content B. Making necessary revisions and improvements C. Proofreading the final version

A. Recap of the steps involved in writing a survey paper B. Encouragement to master the art of writing survey papers

A. Recommended books and articles on survey paper writing B. Online tools and platforms for organizing research

A. List of sources cited in the blog post

Note: This outline is a general guide and can be modified or expanded based on the specific requirements and preferences of the blog post.

Writing a survey paper is an essential skill for academic researchers. It allows you to summarize and analyze existing literature on a specific topic, providing valuable insights and identifying research gaps. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process of writing a survey paper, from choosing a topic to finalizing the paper.

Survey papers play a crucial role in academic research as they provide a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge in a particular field. The purpose of this blog post is to guide you through the process of writing a survey paper effectively.

To start, it’s important to understand the basics of a survey paper. A survey paper is a type of academic article that summarizes and synthesizes existing research on a specific topic. There are different types of survey papers, including literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Writing a survey paper offers several benefits, such as gaining a deep understanding of the topic, identifying research gaps, and contributing to the academic community.

Selecting the right topic is crucial for writing a successful survey paper. Begin by identifying a research gap in your field of interest. This gap could be an unanswered question or an area that requires further exploration. Once you have identified the research gap, narrow down your focus to a specific area of interest. Ensure that the topic is relevant and significant, as this will determine the impact of your survey paper.

A thorough literature review is the foundation of a well-written survey paper. Start by searching for relevant sources such as research articles, books, and conference papers. Evaluate the credibility of these sources by considering factors like the author’s expertise, the journal’s reputation, and the methodology used. Organize and summarize the literature in a systematic manner, highlighting the key findings and arguments.

A well-structured survey paper is essential for clarity and coherence. The structure typically consists of an introduction, main body, and conclusion. In the introduction, provide background information on the topic and clearly state your research question or objective. The main body should be organized into subtopics, each addressing a specific aspect of the topic. Include relevant studies and findings to support your arguments. Finally, in the conclusion, summarize the key points and suggest future research directions.

When writing the survey paper, pay attention to the introduction, main body, and conclusion. The introduction should engage the reader with an opening statement and clearly state the research question or objective. The main body should have a coherent flow of ideas, presenting the literature in a logical manner. Proper citation and referencing are crucial to acknowledge the original authors and avoid plagiarism. In the conclusion, recap the main findings and provide implications and recommendations for future research.

Editing and proofreading are essential to ensure the quality of your survey paper. Check for grammar and spelling errors, and ensure clarity and coherence in your writing. Seek feedback from peers or mentors to get different perspectives and improve the overall quality of your paper.

Proper formatting and presentation enhance the readability of your survey paper. Follow the required citation style, such as APA or MLA, to ensure consistency. Format headings, subheadings, and paragraphs appropriately to create a clear structure. If necessary, include tables, figures, and graphs to present data effectively.

Before submitting your survey paper, review the overall structure and content. Make necessary revisions and improvements to enhance the clarity and coherence of your paper. Finally, proofread the final version to eliminate any remaining errors.

Writing a survey paper requires careful planning and execution. This guide has provided a step-by-step process to help you write a high-quality survey paper. By mastering the art of writing survey papers, you can contribute to the academic community and advance knowledge in your field.

To further enhance your understanding of survey paper writing, consider exploring recommended books and articles on the topic. Additionally, there are online tools and platforms available that can assist you in organizing your research effectively.

[List the sources cited in the blog post here.]

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How to Write a Survey Paper: A stepwise Guide with Examples

How to Write a Survey Paper

Some of you may be wondering what a survey paper is. A survey paper contains the interpretation that has been drawn by the author after they have reviewed and analyzed various research papers that are centered on a specific topic. Those research papers should be already published.

Now that we have understood what a survey paper is, let us explore the various steps that have to be taken when coming up with a survey paper. As noted, a survey paper lists and analyzes the most recent research work in a particular area of study.

To write a good survey paper, you need to research the representative papers, come up with a title, a good abstract, and writing the introduction, the body, and conclusions that reflect the findings as well as the challenges of the study.

To do this, there is a challenge of research. As such, the first challenge is to find the most recent and appropriate research papers for the topic. The 9 steps below should be followed when writing a survey paper.

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Step 1: selecting the representative papers.

The first step when writing a survey paper is selecting the most relevant representative papers that are within the scope of your research and summarizing them effectively. As you will note, there can be a lot of research papers, and the space required to create a survey paper is limited.

During such, it can be challenging when trying to pick the key work within the scope of your study.

As an author of the survey paper, you will have to read the research papers’ abstracts and conclusions and pick the subset that captures your area of study.

To ensure that the selected research papers are appropriate or relevant, they should be recent, contain more citations, and be published in journals with a high reputation.

The research papers should not be less than 10.

Step 2: Coming up with an Appropriate Title

The second step is coming up with a captivating title that provides a clear summary of your paper’s contents. As such, the title should be clear and brief. To achieve this, the title should utilize active verbs rather than complex phrases that are based on nouns.

A good title of your survey paper should contain between 10 and 12 words because a title with more words will divert the attention of the readers from the central point.

A longer title will also appear unfocused. Therefore, the title should have the keywords of your survey paper in such a way that it defines the study’s nature.

Step 3: Creating an Abstract

Another important step to be taken when writing a survey paper is to create an abstract. The abstract acts as a summary of your survey paper.

It should provide a summary of the problem that has been investigated, the methods used, the results of the study, and the conclusion.

Abstracts summarize the most important contents of your survey paper in a single paragraph of between 200 and 300 words.

When creating an abstract, make sure that it contains or highlights the key points while convincing the readers or the target audience to continue reading the whole survey paper. Should always include an abstract in your survey paper.

Step 4: Listing Key Terms

While the keywords help the target audience or other researchers understand the field of the survey paper, the subfield, research issue, the topic, and so on, the main purpose of this section is to help readers or researchers locate your paper when they are doing searches on the topic.

Most of the databases, electronic search engines such as Google, and journal websites will utilize keywords when deciding whether to display the survey paper to interested readers and when this should be done.

With the proper keywords, your survey paper will be more searchable and it will be cited by more researchers because it can be easily located.

Step 5: Writing the Introduction

The next step when writing a survey paper is to include a good introduction.

A good introduction paragraph will explain to the target readers how the research problem has been tackled by the research papers that you have included in your paper.

The introduction should arouse the readers’ interest in knowing more about the topic and the research domain. If they are interested, they will continue reading your survey paper.

Unlike the abstract, the introduction within a survey paper does not contain a very strict word limit. However, it should be concise because it introduces the paper’s topic, provides a broader context of the study, and gradually narrows the scope down to the research problem.

Therefore, make sure that your introduction sets a scene and contextualizes your paper. It can begin with a historical narrative bringing the narrative to the present day and ending with a research question. Ensure that the very last sentence of your introduction is the thesis statement.

Step 6: Providing the Approaches Used in the Survey Paper

This is a very important step in any survey paper. This is where you are required to provide the methodologies used to conduct your research or survey in a logical order.

You are required to logically move from one method to the next as you clearly define each approach at the beginning of every section.

To ensure that your readers are at par with you, you should share the motivation behind each methodology. This is achieved by giving a high-level summary of every approach and then narrowing it down to the specific approaches.

You should also demonstrate the applicability and the practicability of every approach used in the research, and the areas that need to be improved. You should graphically visualize at least one method used.

Step 7: Writing About the Paper Surveys

This step should take the bulk of your survey paper because it is the point where you survey the papers you have selected. Here, you should decide what you are going to inform your readers about each research paper.

Therefore, it is important to first read the research papers in a manner that you can know what to inform your readers about them.

For each research paper, make sure that you tell your readers about their research direction. Also, ensure that you identify the algorithms or mathematical techniques the research papers rely on and whether they are application or theory papers.

You should also state whether the selected research papers are an improvement on other works or they are a continuation of other works.

Then, state whether the research papers utilize simulations, theoretical proofs, real-life deployment, and so on. Finally, you should state the strengths and weaknesses of each research paper, authors’ claims, and assumptions.

Step 8: Research Challenges

After surveying every research paper you have utilized, the next step is to state the challenges you encountered while conducting research.

When writing a survey paper, you will always face various challenges.

Such challenges can be finding the best or most appropriate research papers, comparing them to determine their strengths, and so on.

Other challenges can arise from the research papers themselves. This can include their delivery of results. Some research papers will contain confusing data.

Step 9: Coming up with a Conclusion

Finally, the conclusion should answer the questions that have been raised by your survey paper’s objectives and goals.

Though it should be interesting and captivating, it should still be presented academically. It should be objective and offer a final say concerning the survey’s subject.

The conclusion should synthesize the results by proving their interpretation, propose the course of action as per the results, and offer solutions to the issues that have been identified.

The reader should be capable of understanding the whole survey paper by reading the conclusion. Therefore, ensure that your conclusion synthesizes your paper.

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Tips When Writing a Good Survey Paper

The first tip in writing a good survey paper is to select the most appropriate and latest research papers that will be used in the paper. This is a very important tip because the survey paper will be completely based on them. Old research papers will render your survey paper useless.

Research papers that are not within the scope of your research or topic will also render the survey paper useless.

The second tip is to make sure that you come up with a concise topic that will summarize what your paper is about.

It is also very important to follow the appropriate format of a survey paper.

The format, after you have written your title, should be abstract, key terms, introduction, approaches or methodologies, conducting surveys for every paper used, research challenges, and finally the conclusion.

Another important tip is to utilize more than 10 research papers for the survey. Then can be even more than 20 depending on the scope of your study. The more the research papers used in your survey paper, the more professional and credible it will appear.

It should be noted that a good survey paper will utilize research papers that are recent (not more than 5 years) and have more academic sources.

To increase the credibility of your survey paper, the research papers used should come from reputable journal sources or publications. In our guide to writing good research papers , we explained more about references. Check it out.

Also, note that the process of writing a survey paper is much different from that of writing an issue paper or doing opinion essays . Therefore, each step needs to relate to the survey.

15 Examples of Topics for Writing a Survey Paper

Advances in leaf image analysis for bacterial disease detection
A survey on the impact of social media among youths in the united states
A Survey on leaf image analysis for bacterial disease detection
Recent trends in the electric cars manufacturing industry
Recent trends in perinatal care: Exploring the major causes of perinatal mortality
Leaf image analysis for bacterial disease detection
Advances in curriculum-based education: A survey on educational trends in sub-Saharan Africa
Recent trends in environmental awareness campaigns in low-income countries
A survey on COVID-19 pandemic impact on the united states economy
Recent trends in the immunization approach taken by third world countries after the second and third wave of COVID-19 disease
Advances in semiconductor manufacturing for BMW electronic cars
A survey on the impact of 5-G connectivity among SMEs in Britain
Recent trends in the space race: A survey of how the founders of Virgin Atlantic, Tesla, and Amazon are competing to dominate space travel
Advances in care for pressure ulcers: A survey on the impact of frequent automated turning on older immobile patients in Germany
A survey on the impact of geopolitics on peace within the Middle East

Josh Jasen or JJ as we fondly call him, is a senior academic editor at Grade Bees in charge of the writing department. When not managing complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In his spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.

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Research Voyage

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How to Write a Better Survey Paper in 06 Easy Steps?

Welcome to this comprehensive guide on crafting a better survey paper. Survey papers play a crucial role in summarizing and presenting state-of-the-art knowledge within a specific domain. Whether you are a seasoned researcher looking to refine your survey writing skills or a budding academic endeavouring to embark on your first survey paper journey, these six fundamental steps will serve as your compass in navigating the survey paper writing process.

Introduction

A Researcher begins his research journey by first writing a survey paper in the domain of his research. Writing a survey paper helps a researcher to

i) Understand his domain of research thoroughly

ii) Identify the existing research gaps,

iii) Understand the various parameters and their role in solving the problem and

iv) Infrastructure and Data set requirements for research.

In fact, after completing my survey paper I decided to go for optimal cloud infrastructure for my work. This helped me a lot in cutting the total cost of my research.

A survey paper is also a service to the scientific community. You are doing research for young research scholars. Instead of reading a vast amount of papers to understand what a scientific topic is about, a researcher just needs to read your paper and can start his research at the earliest with a clear direction in mind. To make the researcher read your paper, you must have good content and a high citation score . Otherwise, your paper is like purchasing a site in the forest and trying to sell with no one ready to buy.

What is expected in a survey paper? A survey paper is a research paper which lists and analyses the latest research works in a particular research domain of interest. The survey paper derives some conclusions from the work carried out so far and provides new avenues for future research.

A good survey paper provides a concise but broad review of a domain that is accessible to a wide range of readers who are naive and willing to carry out research in the domain presented. This introduces two primary challenges for writing such a survey paper.

The first challenge is to pick representative papers from within the research area and summarize them. There can be a vast amount of research papers available and survey paper has limited space to capture the critical work in the field.

The author needs to go through abstracts and conclusions for a relatively large number of papers and select a subset that covers the selected topic area for detailed reading and presentation in the survey. Identifying the papers having higher citations and which are published in conferences and journals of high reputation will have to be given higher priority for selection.

The second challenge is to make the reader comfortable in reading and comprehending the analysis done for the various research papers. The author has to go through each paper considered for the survey at least two-three times before deriving any conclusion.

How to Make a Survey Paper?

A survey paper should

Pick at least 10-20 papers on a specific topic from the collected paper list.
The papers selected should be a mix of papers including the base paper in the selected domain to the most recently published paper.
Should have an analysis of the significance of the approach and the results presented in each paper
Give a critical assessment of the work that has been done.
Include a discussion on future research directions
Give precise details of the experimental setup used for carrying out research in each paper
Compare only those works which have a common experimental platform or data set. Otherwise, you have to recreate a common platform or use a common data set and test the methodologies used in various platforms.

A typical structure of a survey paper includes the following 06 Sections as discussed below:

Survey Paper Format

[Title of Your Survey Paper]

2. Abstract:

[Summarize the purpose, methodology, key findings, and implications of your survey paper in a concise paragraph.]

3. Key Terms:

[Provide a list of key terms or concepts relevant to your survey paper.]

4. Introduction:

[Provide an overview of the topic and its importance. Describe the scope and objectives of your survey paper. Briefly introduce the main themes and topics covered in the literature review.]

5. Literature Review:

I. complexity of the problem: static vs dynamic.

[Brief overview of the complexity of the problem, including both static and dynamic aspects.]
[Discussion of static aspects of the problem, including definitions, models, algorithms, etc.]
[Discussion of dynamic aspects of the problem, including evolving nature, real-time constraints, etc.]

II. Design Space

[Brief overview of the design space related to the problem.]
[Discussion of various design considerations and factors influencing the problem-solving approach.]
[Overview of different approaches and solutions proposed in the literature for addressing various aspects of the problem.]

6. Conclusion:

[Summarize the main findings and insights gained from the literature review. Highlight any gaps or limitations in current research. Discuss potential future directions for research in the field.]

The Six Steps for Writing a Better Survey Paper

In this comprehensive guide on how to write a better survey paper, we will explore six fundamental steps that will elevate the quality and impact of your research.

It all begins with crafting an eye-catching “Title” that succinctly conveys the essence of your survey paper and captures readers’ attention.

Moving on, the “Abstract” section serves as a concise overview of your research, providing readers with essential insights into your objectives, methodology, and findings.

Identifying the key terms of your literature review is the core of your survey paper, where you analyze existing research. Identify and emphasize key terms and concepts to provide a clear understanding of the relevant research landscape.

As you progress, a strong “Introduction” sets the tone, introducing the problem, its significance, and the objectives of your survey paper.

The heart of your survey paper lies in the “Literature Review,” where you analyze existing research. By highlighting key terms and concepts, you enhance clarity and enable readers to grasp the current research landscape more effectively.

As your survey paper reaches its “Conclusion,” you synthesize the key findings from the literature review and offer valuable insights into the current state of the field.

Lastly, by thoroughly reviewing, revising, and refining your survey paper, you ensure clarity, coherence, and overall excellence.

By following these six steps, your survey paper will not only make a significant contribution to your chosen field but also captivate and inform your readers with its well-structured and insightful content.

1. Eye-Catching “Title” for the Survey Paper

The primary function of a title is to provide a clear summary of the paper’s content. So keep the title brief and clear. Use active verbs instead of complex noun-based phrases, and avoid unnecessary details. Moreover, a good title for a research paper is typically around 10 to 12 words long. A lengthy title may seem unfocused and take the readers’ attention away from an important point. As I supervise many candidates who hail from non-native English-speaking countries, they struggle a lot with writing error-free Titles. So, I always advise them to take English classes in parallel with their research.

A good research paper title should contain keywords used in the manuscript and should define the nature of the study. Think about terms people would use to search for your study and include them in your title. Do not use abbreviations in the title. Knowing the search intent of the people who search for the keyword is critical as it helps you to find the top searched keywords. I learnt this technique by mapping SEO-based keyword research techniques to find quality keywords for my title.

Usually, a Title for a survey paper starts with , “Recent trends in ….”, “Advances in…..”.

Some survey papers end with “…….: A Survey” .

Here are the other ways to mention survey paper titles:

” A Survey on …..”
“…….: A Survey”
“An Overview of…”
“A Comprehensive Study on…”
“Exploring the Landscape of…”
“A Critical Review of…”
“A Systematic Analysis of…”
“Examining the State of…”
“A Comprehensive Review on…”
“Surveying the Current Trends in…”
“Investigating the Advancements of…”
“Analyzing the Evolution of…”

Here is a list of Examples of Survey Paper Titles

“A Survey on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare”
“Recent Trends in Renewable Energy Sources: A Survey”
“Advances in Natural Language Processing Techniques: A Survey”
“A Survey on Cybersecurity Threats and Mitigation Strategies”
“Recent Developments in Blockchain Technology: A Survey”
“Advancements in Machine Learning Algorithms for Image Recognition: A Survey”
“A Survey on Cloud Computing Security and Privacy Issues”
“Recent Trends in E-commerce Payment Systems: A Survey”
“Advances in Robotics and Automation: A Survey”
“Mobile Health Applications: A Survey of Current Trends and Challenges”
“An Overview of Machine Learning Algorithms: A Comprehensive Study”
“A Critical Review of Renewable Energy Technologies: Exploring the Landscape”
“Examining the State of Cybersecurity Threats: A Systematic Analysis”
“A Comprehensive Study on Blockchain Technology: Investigating the Advancements”
“Analyzing the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence Applications: A Survey”
“A Survey of Cloud Computing Security and Privacy Issues”
“Recent Trends in Natural Language Processing Techniques: A Comprehensive Review”
“Surveying the Current Trends in E-commerce Payment Systems”
“Exploring the Landscape of Robotics and Automation: A Critical Review”
“A Comprehensive Review on Mobile Health Applications: Examining the State of the Art”

For more details on writing Titles for your research paper visit my blog post on: Research Paper Title: 03 Simple Steps to Make it Easily Discoverable

2. Giving an Overview of the Survey Paper Through the “Abstract” Section

The abstract is a summary of a research paper describing the problem investigated, the methods applied, the main results and conclusions. Abstracts are a good way to summarise the key contents of a paper, from the research it uses to the ideas you want to share with the reader.

The abstract is a single paragraph containing a minimum of 200 words up to 300 words. An abstract offers a preview that highlights key points and helps the audience decide whether to view the entire work.

Extraction of meaningful leaf disease features by applying image processing techniques is a problem that has been studied by the image processing community for decades. Image processing research for leaf disease identification has matured significantly throughout the years and many advances in image processing techniques continue to be made, allowing new techniques to be applied to new and more demanding pathological problems. In this paper, we review recent advances in diseased part extraction of leaf images affected by pathogens, focusing primarily on three important Soft computing techniques namely: Neural networks, Fuzzy logic and Genetic algorithms. Throughout, we present tables that summarize and draw distinctions among key ideas and approaches. Where available, we provide comparative analyses, and we make suggestions for analyses yet to be done.

Here’s a tabular representation of the sub-sections based on the given abstract:

Please note that this tabular representation is a simplified breakdown of the abstract into distinct sub-sections based on its content. The actual structure and headings may vary depending on the specific formatting requirements and guidelines of the paper.

For more details on how to write an Abstract for your research paper, you can visit my blog post on :

Research Paper Abstract: 10 Simple Steps to Make a Big Difference

3. Highlighting “Key Terms” of the Survey Paper

The purpose of keywords in a research paper is to help other researchers find your paper when they are searching for the topic. Keywords define the field, subfield, topic, research issue, etc. that are covered by the article.

Most electronic search engines, databases, or journal websites use keywords to decide whether and when to display your paper to interested readers. Keywords make your paper searchable and ensure that you get more citations. Thus, it is important to include the most relevant keywords that will help other authors find your paper.

For Example for the abstract written in the previous section, the keywords can be: Keywords: Plant pathology, bacterial blight, diseased part extraction, Image processing, Soft Computing.

For more details on identifying the most prominent keywords for your research paper, you can visit my blog post on: Top 10 Rules to Identify Keywords for your Research Paper

4. Building a Strong “Introduction” Section of the Survey Paper

A good introduction in a survey paper explains how the research problem has been solved by various researchers and creates ‘leads’ to make the reader want to delve further into the research domain. Introduce the terminology of the field and describe what the various terms mean.

The introduction does not have a strict word limit, unlike the abstract, but it should be as concise as possible. The introduction works upon the principle of introducing the paper’s topic and setting it into a broad context, gradually narrowing it down to a research problem.

The main task of the introduction is to set the scene, giving your paper a context and seeing how it fits in with previous research in the field. The first few paragraphs of your introduction can be based on a historical narrative, from the very first research in the field to the current day.

The entire introduction should logically end with the research question. The reader, by the end of the introduction, should know exactly what research issue you are trying to survey with your paper.

Here’s a tabular format of the introduction for your survey paper:

Please note that the actual sub-section headings and their order may vary depending on the specific content and focus of your survey paper. The table above provides a general structure based on the information given in the previous response.

Example of an Introduction:

In this survey paper, we aim to explore the advancements made in extracting meaningful leaf disease features through image processing techniques. Over the years, this intricate problem has garnered significant attention from the image-processing community. Our objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse approaches employed by various researchers to address this challenge successfully.

To set the context, we will introduce the key terminologies used in this research domain and define their significance. As we delve into the topic, we will progressively narrow down the scope, focusing on the core research problem of extracting diseased parts from leaf images.

Throughout the introduction, we will present a historical narrative, tracing the evolution of image processing techniques for leaf disease identification from their inception to the current state-of-the-art methodologies.

By adopting this approach, we aim to give readers a clear and concise understanding of the research landscape in this field. As we progress, we will create ‘leads’ that encourage readers to delve deeper into the intricacies of diseased part extraction.

By the end of this introduction, readers will have a definitive grasp of the central research question we address in this survey paper. We will culminate with a concise statement of the research issue, guiding readers towards an exploration of recent advances in diseased part extraction using prominent Soft computing techniques, specifically Neural networks, Fuzzy logic, and Genetic algorithms.

Example text included under each subsection heading:

For more details on writing the introduction section, you can visit my blog post on: How to Write an Effective Research Paper Introduction in 03 easy steps?

5. The “Literature Review” of the Survey Paper

The Literature Review has to be based on the specific theme of research which will help the reader in focusing his/her research on specific concepts. In this section, the provided details themes serve as a foundation for your Survey Paper. To create a comprehensive survey paper, it is essential to extend each theme with detailed analysis, research gaps, in-depth block diagrams, functioning descriptions, comparative analysis, and other relevant elements. By thoroughly exploring and analyzing the existing literature, you can enrich the survey paper with critical insights, identify research challenges, and provide valuable contributions to the field. Your thorough examination will contribute to a complete and well-rounded survey paper on the chosen topic.

Some possible themes can be:

i. Complexity of the problem:

There can be various types of solutions for a given problem domain and the author has to organize them in the increasing level of complexity or scale.

Literature Review: Complexity of Scene Analysis in Image Processing

In the field of Image Processing, scene analysis emerges as a core problem, where researchers seek to extract meaningful information from visual data. The solutions for scene analysis can range from simple grayscale images with few objects against a constant background to complex images with multiple objects of varying shapes and colours against diverse backgrounds.

At the basic level of complexity, researchers have explored methods for segmenting simple grayscale images containing only one or two objects of identical shapes against a uniform background. Early studies in the literature focused on techniques like thresholding and edge detection to identify and distinguish objects. (Reference: Smith et al., 2005; Johnson and Brown, 2008)

Moving up the complexity ladder, the literature presents solutions for scenes with multiple objects of different shapes but with a consistent background. Researchers have proposed methods such as region growing and contour tracing to extract relevant objects from such images. (Reference: Lee and Kim, 2010; Chen et al., 2012)

As the complexity further increases, scene analysis encompasses images with diverse objects of varying shapes and colours set against complex backgrounds. In these cases, advanced algorithms like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and deep learning techniques have been deployed to achieve accurate and robust object recognition. (Reference: Wang et al., 2016; Zhang and Li, 2018) .

Additionally, research has expanded into real-world scenarios, where scene analysis encounters challenges such as occlusions, illumination variations, and cluttered backgrounds. Addressing these complexities, the literature explores techniques like scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) to handle object detection and recognition in challenging environments. (Reference: Liu et al., 2019; Park and Lee, 2020)

The progression of complexity in scene analysis solutions reveals the evolution of Image Processing techniques to accommodate real-world challenges. By organizing the literature review based on the increasing level of complexity, this survey paper aims to assist readers in understanding the advancements made in addressing scene analysis across diverse image scenarios.

ii. Static vs. Dynamic:

Many fields can be organized by static techniques, dynamic techniques, and even hybrid. For example Static or Dynamic Routing in Computer Networking.

Literature Review: Static vs. Dynamic Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing

Resource allocation is a critical aspect of Cloud Computing, ensuring efficient utilization of computational resources to meet user demands and optimize system performance. The literature reveals two prominent approaches to resource allocation in Cloud Computing: Static and Dynamic allocation.

Static Resource Allocation involves allocating resources based on predetermined configurations and user-defined policies. Researchers have proposed various static resource allocation algorithms, such as Round-Robin and First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS), to allocate resources in a fixed manner without considering varying resource demands (Reference: Smith et al., 2015; Johnson and Brown, 2017).

In contrast, Dynamic Resource Allocation refers to adaptive resource allocation that adjusts resources in real-time based on changing workload conditions. Dynamic resource allocation algorithms, such as Elastic Load Balancing and Auto-scaling, continuously monitor resource usage and adjust allocations to optimize performance and maintain service-level agreements (Reference: Lee and Kim, 2018; Chen et al., 2020).

The literature also explores hybrid resource allocation techniques that combine elements of both static and dynamic approaches. Hybrid approaches aim to strike a balance between the predictability of static allocation and the responsiveness of dynamic allocation. For instance, researchers have proposed a hybrid approach that initially uses static allocation for steady-state workloads but switches to dynamic allocation during periods of sudden resource demand spikes (Reference: Wang et al., 2019; Zhang and Li, 2021).

By analyzing the literature on static, dynamic, and hybrid resource allocation techniques in Cloud Computing, this survey paper provides readers with insights into the trade-offs between these approaches. Additionally, it highlights the evolution of resource allocation strategies and their impact on cloud performance, cost efficiency, and scalability.

Please note that the references used in this example are imaginary.

iii. Segregating the Design Space:

Many systems are made up of components, so maybe for a computer network paper, the author could divide the problems into a physical layer, application layer, session layer, transport layer, data link layer and physical layer.

Literature Survey: Segregating the Design Space in AI-based Recommender Systems

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has driven significant advancements in recommender systems, revolutionizing personalized recommendations across various domains. To comprehensively analyze the design space of AI-based recommender systems, researchers have categorized these systems into different architectural layers, each responsible for specific aspects of recommendation.

At the Data Collection and Preprocessing Layer, researchers focus on gathering and preprocessing vast amounts of user data to build comprehensive user profiles. Techniques like collaborative filtering and content-based filtering have been explored to analyze user preferences and item characteristics (Reference: Smith et al., 2022; Johnson and Brown, 2023).

Moving up the architectural layers, the Feature Engineering and Representation Learning Layer aims to extract meaningful features and embeddings from the data. Deep Learning models like Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF) and Transformer-based architectures have gained attention for their ability to learn rich representations from user-item interactions (Reference: Lee and Kim, 2021; Chen et al., 2022).

The Recommendation Algorithm Layer is responsible for developing algorithms that generate personalized recommendations based on user preferences. Recent advancements include hybrid recommendation techniques that combine collaborative and content-based filtering, as well as reinforcement learning approaches for sequential recommendation tasks.

At the Interpretability and Fairness Layer, researchers focus on ensuring transparency and fairness in recommender system outputs. Explainable AI (XAI) techniques and fairness-aware recommendation algorithms have been studied to provide users with insights into the reasons behind recommendations and mitigate potential biases (Reference: Wang et al., 2022; Zhang and Li, 2023).

The Deployment and Evaluation Layer involves the real-world implementation of AI-based recommender systems. Researchers investigate methods to deploy models at scale while considering resource constraints and latency requirements. Moreover, the evaluation of recommender systems includes metrics such as accuracy, diversity, and serendipity to assess overall performance and user satisfaction.

By segregating the design space of AI-based recommender systems into these distinct architectural layers, this survey paper aims to provide readers with an organized understanding of the state-of-the-art approaches in personalized recommendations. These architectural layers serve as a structured framework for exploring the latest advancements and challenges in AI-driven recommendation technologies.

Please note that the references used in this example are imaginary

iv. Major Approaches in a Specific Domain:

Every domain usually has two to three major classes on which all the issues in that domain are addressed or the advancements in that domain are identified.

For example,

i) In Software Testing: Black box or White box testing

ii) In Networking: Wired or Wireless Networking and

iii) In Image processing Spatial or Temporal based Image Processing etc.

iv) In Telcom it is 2G, 3G,4G and 5G etc.

Literature Survey: Major Classes in Telecommunication Technology – 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G

The domain of Telecommunication Technology has witnessed significant advancements over the years, leading to the emergence of major classes based on different generations of mobile communication systems. This survey paper aims to explore and analyze the key characteristics and advancements of each major class – 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G.

At the inception of mobile communication, 2G (Second Generation) technology marked the transition from analog to digital communication. Researchers have extensively studied various 2G technologies, including GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) to provide basic voice and text messaging services (Reference: Smith et al., 2016; Johnson and Brown, 2018).

The evolution of mobile communication led to the introduction of 3G (Third Generation) technology, which brought about significant improvements in data transfer capabilities. With 3G technologies like UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized), researchers explored higher data speeds, enabling services like mobile internet browsing and video streaming.

Subsequent advancements led to the deployment of 4G (Fourth Generation) technology, revolutionizing the mobile communication landscape. LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) are examples of 4G technologies that offer high-speed data transfer, low latency, and enhanced network capacity (Reference: Lee and Kim, 2020; Chen et al., 2022).

Currently, the telecommunications industry is witnessing the widespread adoption of 5G (Fifth Generation) technology, promising even more transformative capabilities. Researchers have delved into mmWave (millimeter-wave) frequencies, Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), and Network Slicing, enabling ultra-fast data speeds, low latency, and supporting the Internet of Things (IoT) (Reference: Wang et al., 2022; Zhang and Li, 2023).

This survey paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the major classes in Telecommunication Technology – 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. By analyzing the key characteristics and advancements of each generation, researchers can gain insights into the technological progression that has shaped modern mobile communication systems.

v. History of Development:

Some research domains like Cloud Computing, Big Data Management, Mobile Technology, Television technology etc. are linear. Such developments can be explained in chronological order.

One can find various options for a selected domain of research and it is this organization that is the challenging part of writing a survey paper.

The following points are to be elaborated for each paper which is surveyed as a part of writing the survey paper.

– What are you going to say about the paper under consideration? – Research direction of the paper – Methods, mathematical modelling and approach or algorithms used to solve the problem: eg. Fuzzy logic, Gaussian process, neural network etc.

– Whether the paper consider theoretical issues of the concept or solves any application using the concept?

– Is the paper considered the continuation of another work? is it an improvement on another work?

– How validation of work is done i)through theoretical proofs? ii) simulation? iii)hardware test bed? or iv) real-life deployment?

– How is the work compared with other methods? and under what circumstances does the method under consideration perform better?

-On what parameters the paper under consideration stands apart from other papers like i)higher performance? ii) higher robustness? iii) lower computational complexity?

The author of each survey paper must be acknowledged by citing the paper referred to. In your survey do indicate the author names as well: Graham and Bell [3] have identified the importance of training, Patric et.al. [3] developed a simple methodology etc.

There are two reasons for this. One is the gratitude towards the authors, to whose work you are referring. Second, your reader will come to know the core people in the area in which he intends to carry out his future research. It is always good to mention in which particular country/University/Lab the work was carried out.

Survey Paper: Advancements in Cloud Computing: A Chronological Perspective

Cloud Computing has emerged as a transformative technology, revolutionizing the way computing resources are provisioned and utilized. This survey paper aims to explore the chronological advancements in Cloud Computing, focusing on key research directions, methodologies, and comparisons with other methods.

Paper 1: “Virtualization in Cloud Computing” – John et al. [1]

In this paper, John et al. present the concept of virtualization and its application in Cloud Computing.
Research Direction: The paper emphasizes the benefits of virtualization in enabling multi-tenancy and resource isolation in cloud environments.
Methods: The paper discusses various virtualization techniques, including full virtualization and para-virtualization, to optimize performance and resource utilization.
Application: The paper showcases how virtualization facilitates the seamless deployment of multiple applications on a shared physical infrastructure.

Paper 2: “MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters” – Dean and Ghemawat [2]

This influential paper introduces the MapReduce programming model for the efficient processing of large-scale data in Cloud Computing.
Research Direction: The paper focuses on distributed data processing, fault tolerance, and scalability in Cloud environments.
Methods: The MapReduce paradigm leverages parallelization and fault tolerance to process massive datasets.
Application: The paper demonstrates how MapReduce can efficiently perform data-intensive tasks, such as web indexing and log processing.

Paper 3: “Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) in Cloud Computing” – Smith and Patel [3]

In this work, Smith and Patel explore the concept of providing Machine Learning capabilities as a service in the Cloud.
Research Direction: The paper delves into the integration of Machine Learning algorithms in Cloud platforms to enable MLaaS.
Methods: The paper discusses various ML algorithms, including neural networks and decision trees, used for predictive analytics.
Application: The paper showcases real-life deployments of MLaaS for applications like fraud detection and sentiment analysis.

Paper 4: “Serverless Computing: The Next Paradigm Shift in Cloud Architecture” – Lee et al. [4]

Lee et al. present the concept of serverless computing and its potential impact on Cloud architecture.
Research Direction: The paper explores the benefits of serverless computing in terms of cost-efficiency and scalability.
Methods: The paper explains the use of Function as a Service (FaaS) to deploy event-driven applications without managing server infrastructure.
Application: The paper highlights the practical applications of serverless computing for IoT data processing and real-time data analytics.

Through theoretical analysis and simulation studies, these papers validate their proposed methodologies and demonstrate the effectiveness of their approaches. Each work compares its method with existing techniques, highlighting higher performance and lower computational complexity in specific scenarios (Reference: Johnson and Brown [5], Chen et al. [6]).

The acknowledgement of the authors’ contributions is essential to show gratitude and establish recognition within the research community. John et al. [1] conducted their work at the University of XYZ, while Lee and Patel [3] carried out their research at ABC Labs.

This chronological survey paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of Cloud Computing, the core research directions, and the key contributors in this domain.

6. The “Conclusion” Section of the Survey Paper

The conclusion must answer the queries presented by your survey goals and objectives. The conclusion must be written in an interesting yet academic manner. No emotions should be attached to your conclusions but a commentary in the third person is required. Being the final portion of your survey paper, the conclusion serves as the researcher’s final say on the subject of the survey.

The conclusion must be a synthesis of the survey results with

i) an interpretation of each result

ii) the proposal of a course of action based on the result and

iii) a solution to the issues that emerged from the survey.

The tone of the conclusion should match that of the results and the rest of the data collection process. The conclusion should be able to wrap up the entire survey from the formulation of survey goals up to the satisfaction of such objectives.

After roughly two decades of research on leaf image analysis for pathological issues, many elements of pathological issues associated with leaves are well understood. In particular, accurate and efficient algorithms for leaf-diseased spot extraction are now well known.

As a result, during the past few years, we have seen the focus turn from the fundamentals of disease spot extraction to more difficult problems such as, the type of the leaf disease and the stage of the leaf disease. Few algorithms in this context are available. However, a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of these more advanced algorithms has yet to be done.

One of our goals in this review is to consolidate existing quantitative results and to carry out comparative analyses. We believe that much of the leaf image analysis for pathological work in the coming decade should and will be bolstered by more complete quantitative performance evaluations. The recent article by Wimar [10] is a promising first step.

Perhaps the most practically significant advance in the last decade has been the appearance of machine learning algorithms. However current implementation of Machine learning algorithms is still relatively simplistic. More demanding potential applications require algorithms to be very precise and reliable. This remains a challenging research topic that we predict will see progress in the coming decade.

For further details on writing the conclusion section, you can visit my blog post on : Art of Writing Conclusion Section to your Research Paper

Example of a Survey Paper for a Specific Domain

How to write a survey paper in computer science domain.

Along with my research scholar, I have written a survey paper which is published in one of the most popular journals in the computer science domain. Please visit the link for the full survey paper.

Systematic analysis of satellite image-based land cover classification techniques: literature review and challenges, February 2019, International Journal of Computers and Applications 43(4):1-10

Doi: 10.1080/1206212x.2019.1573946.

Before We Close….

While writing a blog post, I realized I couldn’t cover everything about crafting survey papers. That’s where “WRITING LITERATURE SURVEY PAPER: A STEP BY STEP GUIDE” comes in. It’s an incredible book that simplifies the writing process using a single example, “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Diagnostics.” Imagine having a friendly mentor explaining each step. Although a blog post can’t teach everything, this book breaks it down so you can become a survey paper writing expert.

A survey paper plays a crucial role in providing readers with a systematic overview of existing research, methodologies, and advancements in a specific field. By adhering to the outlined steps, the survey paper can effectively convey valuable insights and contribute to the understanding of the chosen research domain.

Frequently Asked Questions:

How many references do i need for 2000 words survey paper.

At least 10 quality publications need to be referred for a 2000-word survey paper.

Whether survey papers are counted for the Ph.D. submission?

No. Survey papers are not counted for Ph.D. thesis submission.

Whether Scopus indexed journals accept survey papers for publication?

Yes. Many Scopus-indexed journals accept high-quality survey papers for publication.

What is the difference between a Survey Paper and a Review Paper?

In short, a Survey Paper provides a comprehensive summary of existing research on a specific topic, presenting the state-of-the-art and research trends. On the other hand, a Review Paper offers a critical evaluation and analysis of the literature, identifying gaps and suggesting future research directions.

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Doing Survey Research | A Step-by-Step Guide & Examples

Doing Survey Research | A Step-by-Step Guide & Examples

Published on 6 May 2022 by Shona McCombes . Revised on 10 October 2022.

Survey research means collecting information about a group of people by asking them questions and analysing the results. To conduct an effective survey, follow these six steps:

Determine who will participate in the survey
Decide the type of survey (mail, online, or in-person)
Design the survey questions and layout
Distribute the survey
Analyse the responses
Write up the results

Surveys are a flexible method of data collection that can be used in many different types of research .

What are surveys used for, step 1: define the population and sample, step 2: decide on the type of survey, step 3: design the survey questions, step 4: distribute the survey and collect responses, step 5: analyse the survey results, step 6: write up the survey results, frequently asked questions about surveys.

Surveys are used as a method of gathering data in many different fields. They are a good choice when you want to find out about the characteristics, preferences, opinions, or beliefs of a group of people.

Common uses of survey research include:

Social research: Investigating the experiences and characteristics of different social groups
Market research: Finding out what customers think about products, services, and companies
Health research: Collecting data from patients about symptoms and treatments
Politics: Measuring public opinion about parties and policies
Psychology: Researching personality traits, preferences, and behaviours

Surveys can be used in both cross-sectional studies , where you collect data just once, and longitudinal studies , where you survey the same sample several times over an extended period.

Prevent plagiarism, run a free check.

Before you start conducting survey research, you should already have a clear research question that defines what you want to find out. Based on this question, you need to determine exactly who you will target to participate in the survey.

Populations

The target population is the specific group of people that you want to find out about. This group can be very broad or relatively narrow. For example:

The population of Brazil
University students in the UK
Second-generation immigrants in the Netherlands
Customers of a specific company aged 18 to 24
British transgender women over the age of 50

Your survey should aim to produce results that can be generalised to the whole population. That means you need to carefully define exactly who you want to draw conclusions about.

It’s rarely possible to survey the entire population of your research – it would be very difficult to get a response from every person in Brazil or every university student in the UK. Instead, you will usually survey a sample from the population.

The sample size depends on how big the population is. You can use an online sample calculator to work out how many responses you need.

There are many sampling methods that allow you to generalise to broad populations. In general, though, the sample should aim to be representative of the population as a whole. The larger and more representative your sample, the more valid your conclusions.

There are two main types of survey:

A questionnaire , where a list of questions is distributed by post, online, or in person, and respondents fill it out themselves
An interview , where the researcher asks a set of questions by phone or in person and records the responses

Which type you choose depends on the sample size and location, as well as the focus of the research.

Questionnaires

Sending out a paper survey by post is a common method of gathering demographic information (for example, in a government census of the population).

You can easily access a large sample.
You have some control over who is included in the sample (e.g., residents of a specific region).
The response rate is often low.

Online surveys are a popular choice for students doing dissertation research , due to the low cost and flexibility of this method. There are many online tools available for constructing surveys, such as SurveyMonkey and Google Forms .

You can quickly access a large sample without constraints on time or location.
The data is easy to process and analyse.
The anonymity and accessibility of online surveys mean you have less control over who responds.

If your research focuses on a specific location, you can distribute a written questionnaire to be completed by respondents on the spot. For example, you could approach the customers of a shopping centre or ask all students to complete a questionnaire at the end of a class.

You can screen respondents to make sure only people in the target population are included in the sample.
You can collect time- and location-specific data (e.g., the opinions of a shop’s weekday customers).
The sample size will be smaller, so this method is less suitable for collecting data on broad populations.

Oral interviews are a useful method for smaller sample sizes. They allow you to gather more in-depth information on people’s opinions and preferences. You can conduct interviews by phone or in person.

You have personal contact with respondents, so you know exactly who will be included in the sample in advance.
You can clarify questions and ask for follow-up information when necessary.
The lack of anonymity may cause respondents to answer less honestly, and there is more risk of researcher bias.

Like questionnaires, interviews can be used to collect quantitative data : the researcher records each response as a category or rating and statistically analyses the results. But they are more commonly used to collect qualitative data : the interviewees’ full responses are transcribed and analysed individually to gain a richer understanding of their opinions and feelings.

Next, you need to decide which questions you will ask and how you will ask them. It’s important to consider:

The type of questions
The content of the questions
The phrasing of the questions
The ordering and layout of the survey

Open-ended vs closed-ended questions

There are two main forms of survey questions: open-ended and closed-ended. Many surveys use a combination of both.

Closed-ended questions give the respondent a predetermined set of answers to choose from. A closed-ended question can include:

A binary answer (e.g., yes/no or agree/disagree )
A scale (e.g., a Likert scale with five points ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree )
A list of options with a single answer possible (e.g., age categories)
A list of options with multiple answers possible (e.g., leisure interests)

Closed-ended questions are best for quantitative research . They provide you with numerical data that can be statistically analysed to find patterns, trends, and correlations .

Open-ended questions are best for qualitative research. This type of question has no predetermined answers to choose from. Instead, the respondent answers in their own words.

Open questions are most common in interviews, but you can also use them in questionnaires. They are often useful as follow-up questions to ask for more detailed explanations of responses to the closed questions.

The content of the survey questions

To ensure the validity and reliability of your results, you need to carefully consider each question in the survey. All questions should be narrowly focused with enough context for the respondent to answer accurately. Avoid questions that are not directly relevant to the survey’s purpose.

When constructing closed-ended questions, ensure that the options cover all possibilities. If you include a list of options that isn’t exhaustive, you can add an ‘other’ field.

Phrasing the survey questions

In terms of language, the survey questions should be as clear and precise as possible. Tailor the questions to your target population, keeping in mind their level of knowledge of the topic.

Use language that respondents will easily understand, and avoid words with vague or ambiguous meanings. Make sure your questions are phrased neutrally, with no bias towards one answer or another.

Ordering the survey questions

The questions should be arranged in a logical order. Start with easy, non-sensitive, closed-ended questions that will encourage the respondent to continue.

If the survey covers several different topics or themes, group together related questions. You can divide a questionnaire into sections to help respondents understand what is being asked in each part.

If a question refers back to or depends on the answer to a previous question, they should be placed directly next to one another.

Before you start, create a clear plan for where, when, how, and with whom you will conduct the survey. Determine in advance how many responses you require and how you will gain access to the sample.

When you are satisfied that you have created a strong research design suitable for answering your research questions, you can conduct the survey through your method of choice – by post, online, or in person.

There are many methods of analysing the results of your survey. First you have to process the data, usually with the help of a computer program to sort all the responses. You should also cleanse the data by removing incomplete or incorrectly completed responses.

If you asked open-ended questions, you will have to code the responses by assigning labels to each response and organising them into categories or themes. You can also use more qualitative methods, such as thematic analysis , which is especially suitable for analysing interviews.

Statistical analysis is usually conducted using programs like SPSS or Stata. The same set of survey data can be subject to many analyses.

Finally, when you have collected and analysed all the necessary data, you will write it up as part of your thesis, dissertation , or research paper .

In the methodology section, you describe exactly how you conducted the survey. You should explain the types of questions you used, the sampling method, when and where the survey took place, and the response rate. You can include the full questionnaire as an appendix and refer to it in the text if relevant.

Then introduce the analysis by describing how you prepared the data and the statistical methods you used to analyse it. In the results section, you summarise the key results from your analysis.

A Likert scale is a rating scale that quantitatively assesses opinions, attitudes, or behaviours. It is made up of four or more questions that measure a single attitude or trait when response scores are combined.

To use a Likert scale in a survey , you present participants with Likert-type questions or statements, and a continuum of items, usually with five or seven possible responses, to capture their degree of agreement.

Individual Likert-type questions are generally considered ordinal data , because the items have clear rank order, but don’t have an even distribution.

Overall Likert scale scores are sometimes treated as interval data. These scores are considered to have directionality and even spacing between them.

The type of data determines what statistical tests you should use to analyse your data.

A questionnaire is a data collection tool or instrument, while a survey is an overarching research method that involves collecting and analysing data from people using questionnaires.

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Research survey examples, templates, and types

Research surveys help base your next important decision on data. With our survey research templates and questions, gather valuable data easily and improve your business.

Get started

What are the benefits of survey research?

Providing data that can be relied on. Whether conducting market research or preparing a new product launch, research surveys supply the precise information needed to succeed. Avoid the confusion of conflicting opinions with data analysis that provides a clear picture of what people think.

At SurveyPlanet, we’re committed to making survey research easy to conduct. With our templates, have access to questions that will deliver the data you need.

The wide variety of research survey templates available is how to get useful data quickly—which makes developing more powerful solutions easier. Survey research can provide data you can rely on.

The wide variety of survey templates available helps develop the correct solution. At SurveyPlanet, we're committed to making research surveys easy to conduct and with our templates, we deliver on that promise.

What are research questionnaires?

They are a tool that returns insight about any topic. Just asking friends, family, and coworkers about a new product is not the best approach. Why? To put it simply, they're not a representative sample and may have biases.

What is needed is the opinions of your target audience. At the end of the day, it is their opinion that matters most. This requires a large enough sample to produce statistically significant data. That's where online surveys can play an important role.

Types of research surveys

Research questionnaires are a great tool to gain insights about all kinds of things (and not just business purposes). These surveys play an important role in extracting valuable insights from diverse populations. When thoughtfully designed, they become powerful instruments for informed decision-making and the advancement of knowledge across various domains.

Let's dive deeper into the types of surveys and where to apply them to get the best results.

Market research survey

Most businesses fail because their management believes their products and services are great—while the market thinks otherwise. To sell anything, the opinions of the people doing the buying need to be understood. Market research surveys offer insights about where a business stands with potential customers—and thus its potential market share—long before resources are dedicated to trying to make a product work in the marketplace.

Learn more about market research surveys.

Media consumption research survey

This type of survey explores how different people consume media content. It provides answers about what they view, how often they do so, and what kind of media they prefer. With a media consumption survey, learn everything about people's viewing and reading habits.

Reading preferences research survey

Ever wondered how, why, and what people enjoy reading? With a reading preferences research survey, such information can be discovered. By further analyzing the data, learn what different groups of people read (and the similarities and differences between different groups).

Product research survey

When launching a new product, understanding its target audience is crucial. This type of survey is a great tool that provides valuable feedback and insight that can be incorporated into a successful product launch.

Learn more about product research surveys.

Brand surveys

These help ascertain how customers feel about a brand. People buy from those they connect with; therefore, ask about their experiences and occasionally check in with them to see if they trust your brand.

Learn more about brand surveys.

Path-to-purchase research surveys

A path-to-purchase research survey investigates the steps consumers take from initial product awareness to final purchase. It typically includes questions about the decision-making process, product research, and factors influencing the ultimate purchasing decision. Such surveys can be conducted through various methods, but the best is via online surveys. The results of path-to-purchase surveys help businesses and marketers understand their target audience and develop effective marketing strategies.

Marketing research surveys

These help a company stand out from competitors and tailor marketing messages that better resonate with a target audience. Market research surveys are another type of research that is crucial when launching a new product or service.

Learn more about marketing research surveys.

Academic research surveys

These surveys are instrumental in improving knowledge about a specific subject. Consolidated results can be used to improve the efficiency of decision-making. Reliability is produced using methodologies and tools like questionnaires, surveys, interviews, and structured online forms.

Learn more about academic surveys.

Types of research methods

The three main types of research methods are exploratory, descriptive, and causal research.

Exploratory research

Exploratory research is conducted when a researcher seeks to explore a new subject or phenomenon with limited or no prior understanding. The primary goal of exploratory research is to gain insights, generate ideas, and form initial hypotheses for more in-depth investigation. This type of research is often the first step in the research process and is particularly useful when the topic is not well-defined or when there is a lack of existing knowledge. Researchers often use open-ended questions and qualitative methods to gather data, allowing them to adapt their approach as they learn more about the topic.

Descriptive research

Descriptive research aims to provide an accurate and detailed portrayal of a specific phenomenon or group. Unlike exploratory research, which seeks to generate insights and hypotheses, descriptive research is focused on describing the characteristics, behaviors, or conditions of a subject without manipulating variables.

Causal research

Causal research, also known as explanatory or experimental research, seeks to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two or more variables. The primary goal of causal research is to determine whether a change in one variable causes a change in another variable. Unlike descriptive research, which focuses on describing relationships and characteristics, causal research involves manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their impact on dependent variables.

The research survey application

Research methods are designed to produce the best information from a group of research subjects (aka, the focus group). Such methods are used in many types of research and studies. They are methodologies that can be used for research study and data collection.

Depending on the kind of research and research methodology being carried out, different types of research survey questions are used, including multiple choice questions , Likert , scale questions , open-ended questions , demographic questions , and even image choice questions .

There are many survey applications that can collect data from many customers quickly and easily—a great way to get information about products, services, customer experiences, and marketing efforts.

Why you should use research questionnaires

The power of research questionnaires lies in their ease of use and cost-effectiveness. They provide answers to the most vital questions. What are the main benefits of these surveys?

You don't have to wonder WHO, WHAT, and WHY because this type of analysis provides answers to those—and many other—questions.
With a complete understanding of what's important in a research project, the best inquiries can be incorporated into survey questions.
Get an unbiased opinion from a target audience and use it to your advantage.
Collect data that matters and have it at your fingertips at all times.

Advantages and disadvantages of survey research

People use these surveys because they have many advantages compared to other research tools. What are the main advantages?

Cost-effective.
Collect data from many respondents.
Quantifiable results.
Convenient.
The most practical solution for gathering data.
Fast and reliable.
Easily comparable results.
Allows for the exploration of any topic.

While such advantages make it a no-brainer to use research questionnaires, it's always good to know their disadvantages:

Biased responses.
Cultural differences in understanding questions.
Analyzing and understanding responses can be difficult.
Some people won't read the questions before answering.
Survey fatigue.

However, when these issues are understood, mitigation strategies can be activated. Every research method has flaws, but we firmly believe their benefits outweigh their disadvantages.

To execute a research campaign, the creation of a survey is one of the first steps. This includes designing questions or using a premade template. Below are some of the best research survey examples, templates, and tips for designing these surveys.

20 research survey examples and templates

Specific survey questions for research depend on your goals. A research questionnaire can be conducted about any topic or interest. Here are some of the best questions and ranking prompts:

How often do you purchase books without actually reading them?
What is your favorite foreign language film?
During an average day, how many times do you check the news?
Who is your favorite football player of all time? Why?
Have you ever used any of the following travel websites to plan a vacation?
Do you currently use a similar or competing product?
On a scale of 1 to 5, how satisfied are you with the product?
What is your single favorite feature of our product?
When our product becomes available, are you likely to use it instead of a similar or competing product?
What improvements would you suggest for our service?
Please rank the following features in order of importance.
How often do you consume fruits and vegetables in a typical week?
How many days per week do you engage in physical activity?
Do you prefer traditional classroom learning or online learning?
How many hours a week do you spend studying for your courses?
What are your career aspirations upon completing your education?
Please rate our website's user interface from poor to excellent.
In what ways can we better support you as a customer?
Please rank the following factors in order of importance when choosing a new car.
Order the following smartphone features based on your preference.

Of course, you get demographic information like:

Employment status
Marital status
Household income

No matter the research topic, this demographic information will lead to better data-driven conclusions. Interested in knowing more about demographic survey questions? Check out our blog post explaining the advantages of gathering demographic information and how to do it appropriately.

Sign up for SurveyPlanet for free. Conduct your first survey to explore what people think. And don't worry about questions because we have some amazing templates to get you started.

Sign up now

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Free Online Research Survey Templates

Research surveys provide a great way for businesses, educational purposes, social sciences, and even health care. You can gather feedback from selected groups to create systematic and well-rounded data on a particular subject. You can make knowledgeable judgments about everything from marketing strategies to product development using research surveys.

Research Surveys

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Polls & Questionnaires

Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire

Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Form

EQ-5D Depression Questionnaire

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Form

Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Form

Sleeping Habits Survey

Sleep Deprivation Survey

Dreams & Nightmares Survey

Sleeping Disorders Survey

Online Shopping Questionnaire

Parent Involvement Survey

Patient Engagement Survey

Psychological Questionnaire

Public Opinion Poll

Sleep Quality Survey

Website Visitor Survey

Wedding Photography Questionnaire

Wedding Questionnaire

Branding Questionnaire

Political Researcher Quote Form

What is a research survey.

A research survey is a method to gather fast information on popular subjects and carry out a more careful and complete statistical research methodology. Most surveys have a series of prepared questions that are asked of every respondent in order to collect information on their beliefs, habits, experiences, and other factors .

Types of research methods

There are different types of survey research methods, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Using online surveys for your research gives you more flexibility with its low cost and fast nature, as it makes it easy to collect and it also makes it easier to classify the collected data.

You can make a face to face interviews to conduct research, make phone calls to gather details, or send emails, but your emails might not be answered; face-to-face interviews might be costly, and you can't get the desired result with a phone call, but online surveys are low cost and easy to fill in and easy to share with forms.app

Why should you use an online survey for your research?

The online survey is one of the fastest methods of data collecting in the modern day's fast-moving internet era. The Internet is a helpful resource that helps to make the world a smaller place, but you can't find all the answers there. You need opinions and experiences . Even though the internet can not give you the desired opinions and experiences, it gives you a great way to achieve that data collection process with ease.

Using powerful form builder forms.app, you can collect the desired data in any subject and use that information to evaluate your business, product, service, or project. forms.app’s easy-to-use interface and sharing options will help you to create and share your surveys without having any issues.

How to create better online surveys for research

In order to get more accurate responses, you should pay great attention to what to ask and where to ask. To create better online research surveys , you must make them clear, short, and relevant. Deciding on your topic and choosing the right words and questions are essential.

Depending on your research topic, you must make a decision about your research method first. Is it going to be quantitive or qualitative? What will be your approach and style? To learn more, you can read how to ask quantitative survey questions article on forms.app. Here are some important details to make better survey questions:

Keep your survey questions short
Make sure to have an engaging design
Be sure your questions are unique and relevant
Inform the responder about your research objective
Avoid assumptions and leading questions

How can research survey templates help you?

Research survey templates can be incredibly helpful in a number of ways. For one, they allow you to start your research project faster, as you don't have to spend time building a survey from scratch. Additionally, survey templates make it easy to conduct research, as they provide a pre-made structure and question format to follow.

They are also cost-effective, as you can use a template multiple times and make small adjustments to fit your research needs. To sum up, here are the advantages of using a research survey template for your survey :

Cost-effective
Speed up the survey-creation process

Best ways to ask questions in a research survey

It is important to ask the question correctly, forms.app offers many question types for this. Including different types of questions can help you to gather well-rounded answers, and you can gather multiple layered answers for your research topic by this means. Here are useful question types you can use in your research surveys:

Start rating: It can be used for the Likert scale , which helps you get a quick response.
Long text: One of the finest solutions for open-ended questions is a long text field. You can include this to have lengthy responses.
Short text: The ideal solution for open-ended questions is a short text field. You can use this question type to have short answers.
Opinion scale: Visitors can express their ideas on a topic by selecting a number from an opinion scale in a form field.
Dropdown selection field: You can use a dropdown field to add varieties to your form questions.
Picture selection: You can also allow survey responders to make a decision between pictures which can be useful in your research.

Intuitive form builder

Create online forms with ease, customize your form’s fields, design, and privacy options within a couple of minutes. By adding some of many types of form fields for all needs with forms.app’s drag and drop form creator screen, you can also create online surveys and exams.

Powerful features:

Conditional logic
Create forms with ease
Calculator for exams and quote forms
Geolocation restriction
Real-time data
Detailed design customization

Automate your workflow with integrations

You can integrate the forms and surveys you created on forms.app with many third-party applications via forms.app's direct integrations and Zapier. These applications and integrations include creating or modifying a sheet on Google Sheets every time your form is submitted and creating a deal on Pipedrive for an order you received or a generated lead.

Discover +1000 templates

There are no limits and boundaries when it comes to creating online forms, surveys, and exams with forms.app! You can choose one of many types of templates, create a form, and get started right away! Once you start with a template, you can easily customize your form fields, form design, and many other attributes!

Share or embed your form

You can share your forms in any way you like. If you want to share your form and collect responses through your form’s unique link, you can simply adjust privacy settings and copy-paste your form link anywhere. And if you would like to embed your form in your website, you can easily copy and paste embed code in your website HTML.

Create eye-pleasing free online forms

On forms.app, you can customize your form’s theme and design elements in depth. Once you switch to the ‘Design’ tab after getting your form done, you will see many different design customization options. You can change your form theme by choosing your own colors or picking one of many ready-made themes.

What’s Included: Research Paper Template

If you’re preparing to write an academic research paper, our free research paper template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .

The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research papers. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your paper will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.

The research paper template covers the following core sections:

The title page/cover page
Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Literature review
Section 3: Methodology
Section 4: Findings /results
Section 5: Discussion
Section 6: Conclusion
Reference list

Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included links to free resources to help you understand how to write each section.

The cleanly formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.

FAQs: Research Paper Template

What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).

The research paper template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.

What types of research papers can this template be used for?

The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research papers, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.

Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.

Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level research paper?

This template can be used for a research paper at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.

How long should my research paper be?

This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. We include generic word count ranges for each section within the template, but these are purely indicative.

What about the research proposal?

If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .

We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .

How do I write a literature review?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.

How do I create a research methodology?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.

Can I share this research paper template with my friends/colleagues?

Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.

Can Grad Coach help me with my research paper?

Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our private coaching services .

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Home » Research Paper Format – Types, Examples and Templates

Research Paper Format – Types, Examples and Templates

Table of Contents

Research paper format is an essential aspect of academic writing that plays a crucial role in the communication of research findings . The format of a research paper depends on various factors such as the discipline, style guide, and purpose of the research. It includes guidelines for the structure, citation style, referencing , and other elements of the paper that contribute to its overall presentation and coherence. Adhering to the appropriate research paper format is vital for ensuring that the research is accurately and effectively communicated to the intended audience. In this era of information, it is essential to understand the different research paper formats and their guidelines to communicate research effectively, accurately, and with the required level of detail. This post aims to provide an overview of some of the common research paper formats used in academic writing.

Research Paper Formats

Research Paper Formats are as follows:

APA (American Psychological Association) format
MLA (Modern Language Association) format
Chicago/Turabian style
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) format
AMA (American Medical Association) style
Harvard style
Vancouver style
ACS (American Chemical Society) style
ASA (American Sociological Association) style
APSA (American Political Science Association) style

APA (American Psychological Association) Format

Here is a general APA format for a research paper:

Title Page: The title page should include the title of your paper, your name, and your institutional affiliation. It should also include a running head, which is a shortened version of the title, and a page number in the upper right-hand corner.
Abstract : The abstract is a brief summary of your paper, typically 150-250 words. It should include the purpose of your research, the main findings, and any implications or conclusions that can be drawn.
Introduction: The introduction should provide background information on your topic, state the purpose of your research, and present your research question or hypothesis. It should also include a brief literature review that discusses previous research on your topic.
Methods: The methods section should describe the procedures you used to collect and analyze your data. It should include information on the participants, the materials and instruments used, and the statistical analyses performed.
Results: The results section should present the findings of your research in a clear and concise manner. Use tables and figures to help illustrate your results.
Discussion : The discussion section should interpret your results and relate them back to your research question or hypothesis. It should also discuss the implications of your findings and any limitations of your study.
References : The references section should include a list of all sources cited in your paper. Follow APA formatting guidelines for your citations and references.

Some additional tips for formatting your APA research paper:

Use 12-point Times New Roman font throughout the paper.
Double-space all text, including the references.
Use 1-inch margins on all sides of the page.
Indent the first line of each paragraph by 0.5 inches.
Use a hanging indent for the references (the first line should be flush with the left margin, and all subsequent lines should be indented).
Number all pages, including the title page and references page, in the upper right-hand corner.

APA Research Paper Format Template

APA Research Paper Format Template is as follows:

Title Page:

Title of the paper
Author’s name
Institutional affiliation
A brief summary of the main points of the paper, including the research question, methods, findings, and conclusions. The abstract should be no more than 250 words.

Introduction:

Background information on the topic of the research paper
Research question or hypothesis
Significance of the study
Overview of the research methods and design
Brief summary of the main findings
Participants: description of the sample population, including the number of participants and their characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, etc.)
Materials: description of any materials used in the study (e.g., survey questions, experimental apparatus)
Procedure: detailed description of the steps taken to conduct the study
Presentation of the findings of the study, including statistical analyses if applicable
Tables and figures may be included to illustrate the results

Discussion:

Interpretation of the results in light of the research question and hypothesis
Implications of the study for the field
Limitations of the study
Suggestions for future research

References:

A list of all sources cited in the paper, in APA format

Formatting guidelines:

Double-spaced
12-point font (Times New Roman or Arial)
1-inch margins on all sides
Page numbers in the top right corner
Headings and subheadings should be used to organize the paper
The first line of each paragraph should be indented
Quotations of 40 or more words should be set off in a block quote with no quotation marks
In-text citations should include the author’s last name and year of publication (e.g., Smith, 2019)

APA Research Paper Format Example

APA Research Paper Format Example is as follows:

The Effects of Social Media on Mental Health

University of XYZ

This study examines the relationship between social media use and mental health among college students. Data was collected through a survey of 500 students at the University of XYZ. Results suggest that social media use is significantly related to symptoms of depression and anxiety, and that the negative effects of social media are greater among frequent users.

Social media has become an increasingly important aspect of modern life, especially among young adults. While social media can have many positive effects, such as connecting people across distances and sharing information, there is growing concern about its impact on mental health. This study aims to examine the relationship between social media use and mental health among college students.

Participants: Participants were 500 college students at the University of XYZ, recruited through online advertisements and flyers posted on campus. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 25, with a mean age of 20.5 years. The sample was 60% female, 40% male, and 5% identified as non-binary or gender non-conforming.

Data was collected through an online survey administered through Qualtrics. The survey consisted of several measures, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression symptoms, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and questions about social media use.

Procedure :

Participants were asked to complete the online survey at their convenience. The survey took approximately 20-30 minutes to complete. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple regression analysis.

Results indicated that social media use was significantly related to symptoms of depression (r = .32, p < .001) and anxiety (r = .29, p < .001). Regression analysis indicated that frequency of social media use was a significant predictor of both depression symptoms (β = .24, p < .001) and anxiety symptoms (β = .20, p < .001), even when controlling for age, gender, and other relevant factors.

The results of this study suggest that social media use is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety among college students. The negative effects of social media are greater among frequent users. These findings have important implications for mental health professionals and educators, who should consider addressing the potential negative effects of social media use in their work with young adults.

References :

References should be listed in alphabetical order according to the author’s last name. For example:

Chou, H. T. G., & Edge, N. (2012). “They are happier and having better lives than I am”: The impact of using Facebook on perceptions of others’ lives. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(2), 117-121.
Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among U.S. adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(1), 3-17.

Note: This is just a sample Example do not use this in your assignment.

MLA (Modern Language Association) Format

MLA (Modern Language Association) Format is as follows:

Page Layout : Use 8.5 x 11-inch white paper, with 1-inch margins on all sides. The font should be 12-point Times New Roman or a similar serif font.
Heading and Title : The first page of your research paper should include a heading and a title. The heading should include your name, your instructor’s name, the course title, and the date. The title should be centered and in title case (capitalizing the first letter of each important word).
In-Text Citations : Use parenthetical citations to indicate the source of your information. The citation should include the author’s last name and the page number(s) of the source. For example: (Smith 23).
Works Cited Page : At the end of your paper, include a Works Cited page that lists all the sources you used in your research. Each entry should include the author’s name, the title of the work, the publication information, and the medium of publication.
Formatting Quotations : Use double quotation marks for short quotations and block quotations for longer quotations. Indent the entire quotation five spaces from the left margin.
Formatting the Body : Use a clear and readable font and double-space your text throughout. The first line of each paragraph should be indented one-half inch from the left margin.

MLA Research Paper Template

MLA Research Paper Format Template is as follows:

Use 8.5 x 11 inch white paper.
Use a 12-point font, such as Times New Roman.
Use double-spacing throughout the entire paper, including the title page and works cited page.
Set the margins to 1 inch on all sides.
Use page numbers in the upper right corner, beginning with the first page of text.
Include a centered title for the research paper, using title case (capitalizing the first letter of each important word).
Include your name, instructor’s name, course name, and date in the upper left corner, double-spaced.

In-Text Citations

When quoting or paraphrasing information from sources, include an in-text citation within the text of your paper.
Use the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, before the punctuation mark.
If the author’s name is mentioned in the sentence, only include the page number in parentheses.

Works Cited Page

List all sources cited in alphabetical order by the author’s last name.
Each entry should include the author’s name, title of the work, publication information, and medium of publication.
Use italics for book and journal titles, and quotation marks for article and chapter titles.
For online sources, include the date of access and the URL.

Here is an example of how the first page of a research paper in MLA format should look:

Headings and Subheadings

Use headings and subheadings to organize your paper and make it easier to read.
Use numerals to number your headings and subheadings (e.g. 1, 2, 3), and capitalize the first letter of each word.
The main heading should be centered and in boldface type, while subheadings should be left-aligned and in italics.
Use only one space after each period or punctuation mark.
Use quotation marks to indicate direct quotes from a source.
If the quote is more than four lines, format it as a block quote, indented one inch from the left margin and without quotation marks.
Use ellipses (…) to indicate omitted words from a quote, and brackets ([…]) to indicate added words.

Works Cited Examples

Book: Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Year.
Journal Article: Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume number, issue number, publication date, page numbers.
Website: Last Name, First Name. “Title of Webpage.” Title of Website, publication date, URL. Accessed date.

Here is an example of how a works cited entry for a book should look:

Smith, John. The Art of Writing Research Papers. Penguin, 2021.

MLA Research Paper Example

MLA Research Paper Format Example is as follows:

Your Professor’s Name

Course Name and Number

Date (in Day Month Year format)

Word Count (not including title page or Works Cited)

Title: The Impact of Video Games on Aggression Levels

Video games have become a popular form of entertainment among people of all ages. However, the impact of video games on aggression levels has been a subject of debate among scholars and researchers. While some argue that video games promote aggression and violent behavior, others argue that there is no clear link between video games and aggression levels. This research paper aims to explore the impact of video games on aggression levels among young adults.

Background:

The debate on the impact of video games on aggression levels has been ongoing for several years. According to the American Psychological Association, exposure to violent media, including video games, can increase aggression levels in children and adolescents. However, some researchers argue that there is no clear evidence to support this claim. Several studies have been conducted to examine the impact of video games on aggression levels, but the results have been mixed.

Methodology:

This research paper used a quantitative research approach to examine the impact of video games on aggression levels among young adults. A sample of 100 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 was selected for the study. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that measured their aggression levels and their video game habits.

The results of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between video game habits and aggression levels among young adults. The participants who reported playing violent video games for more than 5 hours per week had higher aggression levels than those who played less than 5 hours per week. The study also found that male participants were more likely to play violent video games and had higher aggression levels than female participants.

The findings of this study support the claim that video games can increase aggression levels among young adults. However, it is important to note that the study only examined the impact of video games on aggression levels and did not take into account other factors that may contribute to aggressive behavior. It is also important to note that not all video games promote violence and aggression, and some games may have a positive impact on cognitive and social skills.

Conclusion :

In conclusion, this research paper provides evidence to support the claim that video games can increase aggression levels among young adults. However, it is important to conduct further research to examine the impact of video games on other aspects of behavior and to explore the potential benefits of video games. Parents and educators should be aware of the potential impact of video games on aggression levels and should encourage young adults to engage in a variety of activities that promote cognitive and social skills.

Works Cited:

American Psychological Association. (2017). Violent Video Games: Myths, Facts, and Unanswered Questions. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2017/08/violent-video-games
Ferguson, C. J. (2015). Do Angry Birds make for angry children? A meta-analysis of video game influences on children’s and adolescents’ aggression, mental health, prosocial behavior, and academic performance. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(5), 646-666.
Gentile, D. A., Swing, E. L., Lim, C. G., & Khoo, A. (2012). Video game playing, attention problems, and impulsiveness: Evidence of bidirectional causality. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 1(1), 62-70.
Greitemeyer, T. (2014). Effects of prosocial video games on prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 106(4), 530-548.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chicago/Turabian Formate is as follows:

Margins : Use 1-inch margins on all sides of the paper.
Font : Use a readable font such as Times New Roman or Arial, and use a 12-point font size.
Page numbering : Number all pages in the upper right-hand corner, beginning with the first page of text. Use Arabic numerals.
Title page: Include a title page with the title of the paper, your name, course title and number, instructor’s name, and the date. The title should be centered on the page and in title case (capitalize the first letter of each word).
Headings: Use headings to organize your paper. The first level of headings should be centered and in boldface or italics. The second level of headings should be left-aligned and in boldface or italics. Use as many levels of headings as necessary to organize your paper.
In-text citations : Use footnotes or endnotes to cite sources within the text of your paper. The first citation for each source should be a full citation, and subsequent citations can be shortened. Use superscript numbers to indicate footnotes or endnotes.
Bibliography : Include a bibliography at the end of your paper, listing all sources cited in your paper. The bibliography should be in alphabetical order by the author’s last name, and each entry should include the author’s name, title of the work, publication information, and date of publication.
Formatting of quotations: Use block quotations for quotations that are longer than four lines. Indent the entire quotation one inch from the left margin, and do not use quotation marks. Single-space the quotation, and double-space between paragraphs.
Tables and figures: Use tables and figures to present data and illustrations. Number each table and figure sequentially, and provide a brief title for each. Place tables and figures as close as possible to the text that refers to them.
Spelling and grammar : Use correct spelling and grammar throughout your paper. Proofread carefully for errors.

Chicago/Turabian Research Paper Template

Chicago/Turabian Research Paper Template is as folows:

Title of Paper

Name of Student

Professor’s Name

I. Introduction

A. Background Information

B. Research Question

C. Thesis Statement

II. Literature Review

A. Overview of Existing Literature

B. Analysis of Key Literature

C. Identification of Gaps in Literature

III. Methodology

A. Research Design

B. Data Collection

C. Data Analysis

IV. Results

A. Presentation of Findings

B. Analysis of Findings

C. Discussion of Implications

V. Conclusion

A. Summary of Findings

B. Implications for Future Research

C. Conclusion

VI. References

A. Bibliography

B. In-Text Citations

VII. Appendices (if necessary)

A. Data Tables

C. Additional Supporting Materials

Chicago/Turabian Research Paper Example

Title: The Impact of Social Media on Political Engagement

Name: John Smith

Class: POLS 101

Professor: Dr. Jane Doe

Date: April 8, 2023

I. Introduction:

Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. People use social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to connect with friends and family, share their opinions, and stay informed about current events. With the rise of social media, there has been a growing interest in understanding its impact on various aspects of society, including political engagement. In this paper, I will examine the relationship between social media use and political engagement, specifically focusing on how social media influences political participation and political attitudes.

II. Literature Review:

There is a growing body of literature on the impact of social media on political engagement. Some scholars argue that social media has a positive effect on political participation by providing new channels for political communication and mobilization (Delli Carpini & Keeter, 1996; Putnam, 2000). Others, however, suggest that social media can have a negative impact on political engagement by creating filter bubbles that reinforce existing beliefs and discourage political dialogue (Pariser, 2011; Sunstein, 2001).

III. Methodology:

To examine the relationship between social media use and political engagement, I conducted a survey of 500 college students. The survey included questions about social media use, political participation, and political attitudes. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Iv. Results:

The results of the survey indicate that social media use is positively associated with political participation. Specifically, respondents who reported using social media to discuss politics were more likely to have participated in a political campaign, attended a political rally, or contacted a political representative. Additionally, social media use was found to be associated with more positive attitudes towards political engagement, such as increased trust in government and belief in the effectiveness of political action.

V. Conclusion:

The findings of this study suggest that social media has a positive impact on political engagement, by providing new opportunities for political communication and mobilization. However, there is also a need for caution, as social media can also create filter bubbles that reinforce existing beliefs and discourage political dialogue. Future research should continue to explore the complex relationship between social media and political engagement, and develop strategies to harness the potential benefits of social media while mitigating its potential negative effects.

Vii. References:

Delli Carpini, M. X., & Keeter, S. (1996). What Americans know about politics and why it matters. Yale University Press.
Pariser, E. (2011). The filter bubble: What the Internet is hiding from you. Penguin.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.
Sunstein, C. R. (2001). Republic.com. Princeton University Press.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Format

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Research Paper Format is as follows:

Title : A concise and informative title that accurately reflects the content of the paper.
Abstract : A brief summary of the paper, typically no more than 250 words, that includes the purpose of the study, the methods used, the key findings, and the main conclusions.
Introduction : An overview of the background, context, and motivation for the research, including a clear statement of the problem being addressed and the objectives of the study.
Literature review: A critical analysis of the relevant research and scholarship on the topic, including a discussion of any gaps or limitations in the existing literature.
Methodology : A detailed description of the methods used to collect and analyze data, including any experiments or simulations, data collection instruments or procedures, and statistical analyses.
Results : A clear and concise presentation of the findings, including any relevant tables, graphs, or figures.
Discussion : A detailed interpretation of the results, including a comparison of the findings with previous research, a discussion of the implications of the results, and any recommendations for future research.
Conclusion : A summary of the key findings and main conclusions of the study.
References : A list of all sources cited in the paper, formatted according to IEEE guidelines.

In addition to these elements, an IEEE research paper should also follow certain formatting guidelines, including using 12-point font, double-spaced text, and numbered headings and subheadings. Additionally, any tables, figures, or equations should be clearly labeled and referenced in the text.

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

AMA (American Medical Association) Style Research Paper Format:

Title Page: This page includes the title of the paper, the author’s name, institutional affiliation, and any acknowledgments or disclaimers.
Abstract: The abstract is a brief summary of the paper that outlines the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions of the study. It is typically limited to 250 words or less.
Introduction: The introduction provides a background of the research problem, defines the research question, and outlines the objectives and hypotheses of the study.
Methods: The methods section describes the research design, participants, procedures, and instruments used to collect and analyze data.
Results: The results section presents the findings of the study in a clear and concise manner, using graphs, tables, and charts where appropriate.
Discussion: The discussion section interprets the results, explains their significance, and relates them to previous research in the field.
Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main points of the paper, discusses the implications of the findings, and suggests future research directions.
References: The reference list includes all sources cited in the paper, listed in alphabetical order by author’s last name.

In addition to these sections, the AMA format requires that authors follow specific guidelines for citing sources in the text and formatting their references. The AMA style uses a superscript number system for in-text citations and provides specific formats for different types of sources, such as books, journal articles, and websites.

Harvard Style

Harvard Style Research Paper format is as follows:

Title page: This should include the title of your paper, your name, the name of your institution, and the date of submission.
Abstract : This is a brief summary of your paper, usually no more than 250 words. It should outline the main points of your research and highlight your findings.
Introduction : This section should introduce your research topic, provide background information, and outline your research question or thesis statement.
Literature review: This section should review the relevant literature on your topic, including previous research studies, academic articles, and other sources.
Methodology : This section should describe the methods you used to conduct your research, including any data collection methods, research instruments, and sampling techniques.
Results : This section should present your findings in a clear and concise manner, using tables, graphs, and other visual aids if necessary.
Discussion : This section should interpret your findings and relate them to the broader research question or thesis statement. You should also discuss the implications of your research and suggest areas for future study.
Conclusion : This section should summarize your main findings and provide a final statement on the significance of your research.
References : This is a list of all the sources you cited in your paper, presented in alphabetical order by author name. Each citation should include the author’s name, the title of the source, the publication date, and other relevant information.

In addition to these sections, a Harvard Style research paper may also include a table of contents, appendices, and other supplementary materials as needed. It is important to follow the specific formatting guidelines provided by your instructor or academic institution when preparing your research paper in Harvard Style.

Vancouver Style

Vancouver Style Research Paper format is as follows:

The Vancouver citation style is commonly used in the biomedical sciences and is known for its use of numbered references. Here is a basic format for a research paper using the Vancouver citation style:

Title page: Include the title of your paper, your name, the name of your institution, and the date.
Abstract : This is a brief summary of your research paper, usually no more than 250 words.
Introduction : Provide some background information on your topic and state the purpose of your research.
Methods : Describe the methods you used to conduct your research, including the study design, data collection, and statistical analysis.
Results : Present your findings in a clear and concise manner, using tables and figures as needed.
Discussion : Interpret your results and explain their significance. Also, discuss any limitations of your study and suggest directions for future research.
References : List all of the sources you cited in your paper in numerical order. Each reference should include the author’s name, the title of the article or book, the name of the journal or publisher, the year of publication, and the page numbers.

ACS (American Chemical Society) Style

ACS (American Chemical Society) Style Research Paper format is as follows:

The American Chemical Society (ACS) Style is a citation style commonly used in chemistry and related fields. When formatting a research paper in ACS Style, here are some guidelines to follow:

Paper Size and Margins : Use standard 8.5″ x 11″ paper with 1-inch margins on all sides.
Font: Use a 12-point serif font (such as Times New Roman) for the main text. The title should be in bold and a larger font size.
Title Page : The title page should include the title of the paper, the authors’ names and affiliations, and the date of submission. The title should be centered on the page and written in bold font. The authors’ names should be centered below the title, followed by their affiliations and the date.
Abstract : The abstract should be a brief summary of the paper, no more than 250 words. It should be on a separate page and include the title of the paper, the authors’ names and affiliations, and the text of the abstract.
Main Text : The main text should be organized into sections with headings that clearly indicate the content of each section. The introduction should provide background information and state the research question or hypothesis. The methods section should describe the procedures used in the study. The results section should present the findings of the study, and the discussion section should interpret the results and provide conclusions.
References: Use the ACS Style guide to format the references cited in the paper. In-text citations should be numbered sequentially throughout the text and listed in numerical order at the end of the paper.
Figures and Tables: Figures and tables should be numbered sequentially and referenced in the text. Each should have a descriptive caption that explains its content. Figures should be submitted in a high-quality electronic format.
Supporting Information: Additional information such as data, graphs, and videos may be included as supporting information. This should be included in a separate file and referenced in the main text.
Acknowledgments : Acknowledge any funding sources or individuals who contributed to the research.

ASA (American Sociological Association) Style

ASA (American Sociological Association) Style Research Paper format is as follows:

Title Page: The title page of an ASA style research paper should include the title of the paper, the author’s name, and the institutional affiliation. The title should be centered and should be in title case (the first letter of each major word should be capitalized).
Abstract: An abstract is a brief summary of the paper that should appear on a separate page immediately following the title page. The abstract should be no more than 200 words in length and should summarize the main points of the paper.
Main Body: The main body of the paper should begin on a new page following the abstract page. The paper should be double-spaced, with 1-inch margins on all sides, and should be written in 12-point Times New Roman font. The main body of the paper should include an introduction, a literature review, a methodology section, results, and a discussion.
References : The reference section should appear on a separate page at the end of the paper. All sources cited in the paper should be listed in alphabetical order by the author’s last name. Each reference should include the author’s name, the title of the work, the publication information, and the date of publication.
Appendices : Appendices are optional and should only be included if they contain information that is relevant to the study but too lengthy to be included in the main body of the paper. If you include appendices, each one should be labeled with a letter (e.g., Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.) and should be referenced in the main body of the paper.

APSA (American Political Science Association) Style

APSA (American Political Science Association) Style Research Paper format is as follows:

Title Page: The title page should include the title of the paper, the author’s name, the name of the course or instructor, and the date.
Abstract : An abstract is typically not required in APSA style papers, but if one is included, it should be brief and summarize the main points of the paper.
Introduction : The introduction should provide an overview of the research topic, the research question, and the main argument or thesis of the paper.
Literature Review : The literature review should summarize the existing research on the topic and provide a context for the research question.
Methods : The methods section should describe the research methods used in the paper, including data collection and analysis.
Results : The results section should present the findings of the research.
Discussion : The discussion section should interpret the results and connect them back to the research question and argument.
Conclusion : The conclusion should summarize the main findings and implications of the research.
References : The reference list should include all sources cited in the paper, formatted according to APSA style guidelines.

In-text citations in APSA style use parenthetical citation, which includes the author’s last name, publication year, and page number(s) if applicable. For example, (Smith 2010, 25).

About the author

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Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

How to Cite Research Paper – All Formats and...

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Research paper

How to Create a Structured Research Paper Outline | Example

Published on August 7, 2022 by Courtney Gahan . Revised on August 15, 2023.

A research paper outline is a useful tool to aid in the writing process , providing a structure to follow with all information to be included in the paper clearly organized.

A quality outline can make writing your research paper more efficient by helping to:

Organize your thoughts
Understand the flow of information and how ideas are related
Ensure nothing is forgotten

A research paper outline can also give your teacher an early idea of the final product.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes

Research paper outline example, how to write a research paper outline, formatting your research paper outline, language in research paper outlines.

Definition of measles
Rise in cases in recent years in places the disease was previously eliminated or had very low rates of infection
Figures: Number of cases per year on average, number in recent years. Relate to immunization
Symptoms and timeframes of disease
Risk of fatality, including statistics
How measles is spread
Immunization procedures in different regions
Different regions, focusing on the arguments from those against immunization
Immunization figures in affected regions
High number of cases in non-immunizing regions
Illnesses that can result from measles virus
Fatal cases of other illnesses after patient contracted measles
Summary of arguments of different groups
Summary of figures and relationship with recent immunization debate
Which side of the argument appears to be correct?

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Follow these steps to start your research paper outline:

Decide on the subject of the paper
Write down all the ideas you want to include or discuss
Organize related ideas into sub-groups
Arrange your ideas into a hierarchy: What should the reader learn first? What is most important? Which idea will help end your paper most effectively?
Create headings and subheadings that are effective
Format the outline in either alphanumeric, full-sentence or decimal format

There are three different kinds of research paper outline: alphanumeric, full-sentence and decimal outlines. The differences relate to formatting and style of writing.

Alphanumeric
Full-sentence

An alphanumeric outline is most commonly used. It uses Roman numerals, capitalized letters, arabic numerals, lowercase letters to organize the flow of information. Text is written with short notes rather than full sentences.

Sub-point of sub-point 1

Essentially the same as the alphanumeric outline, but with the text written in full sentences rather than short points.

Additional sub-point to conclude discussion of point of evidence introduced in point A

A decimal outline is similar in format to the alphanumeric outline, but with a different numbering system: 1, 1.1, 1.2, etc. Text is written as short notes rather than full sentences.

1.1.1 Sub-point of first point
1.1.2 Sub-point of first point
1.2 Second point

To write an effective research paper outline, it is important to pay attention to language. This is especially important if it is one you will show to your teacher or be assessed on.

There are four main considerations: parallelism, coordination, subordination and division.

Parallelism: Be consistent with grammatical form

Parallel structure or parallelism is the repetition of a particular grammatical form within a sentence, or in this case, between points and sub-points. This simply means that if the first point is a verb , the sub-point should also be a verb.

Example of parallelism:

Include different regions, focusing on the different arguments from those against immunization

Coordination: Be aware of each point’s weight

Your chosen subheadings should hold the same significance as each other, as should all first sub-points, secondary sub-points, and so on.

Example of coordination:

Include immunization figures in affected regions
Illnesses that can result from the measles virus

Subordination: Work from general to specific

Subordination refers to the separation of general points from specific. Your main headings should be quite general, and each level of sub-point should become more specific.

Example of subordination:

Division: break information into sub-points.

Your headings should be divided into two or more subsections. There is no limit to how many subsections you can include under each heading, but keep in mind that the information will be structured into a paragraph during the writing stage, so you should not go overboard with the number of sub-points.

Ready to start writing or looking for guidance on a different step in the process? Read our step-by-step guide on how to write a research paper .

Cite this Scribbr article

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Gahan, C. (2023, August 15). How to Create a Structured Research Paper Outline | Example. Scribbr. Retrieved April 15, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/research-paper/outline/

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Get set for World Quantum Day 2024

Matin Durrani explains how you can join in the celebrations for the third World Quantum Day, which takes place on Sunday 14 April 2024

Sunday 14 April 2024 will be the third World Quantum Day . An annual celebration “promoting public awareness and understanding of quantum science and technology around the world”, it’s a bottom-up initiative from scientists in more than 65 nations from Algeria to Zambia. The day of 14 April has been chosen because “4.14” are the first three digits of Planck’s constant when rounded up: 4.14 × 10 –15 eVs.

The pedant in me is irked a bit by the date. Unless you live in the US, 14 April is surely 14.4 not 4.14. Plus, I’ve always known Planck’s constant as 6.63 × 10 –34 Js not 4.14 × 10 –15 eVs. Putting that aside, World Quantum Day is a brilliant initiative. These are great times for quantum physics, with burgeoning applications of “quantum 2.0” technology such as quantum computing, sensing and cryptography.

Can you solve this quantum cryptic word search?

As James McKenzie describes in his recent feature article , overall private investment in quantum tech stood at $1.2bn in 2023 according to the State of Quantum 2024 report. Sure, that figure has dropped sharply since 2022, but up to $50bn in public cash has already been ploughed into quantum science. In fact, 33 countries around the world have government initiatives in quantum technology, including 20 with full-scale national strategies.

One person with an overview of the quantum-technology landscape is Mauro Paternostro from Queens’ University Belfast, editor-in-chief of the IOP Publishing journal Quantum Science and Technology . In a wide-ranging interview to be published next week, he argues that the most advanced quantum technology is actually quantum sensing.

In fact, as Steve Brierley – chief executive of Riverlane – points out in his recent opinion article , quantum computers will only ever be properly useful once we can properly deal with error correction.

But quantum tech holds great promise, including in Africa, where “steady progress” is being made, according to Farai Mazhandu and Mhlambululi Mafu . Output from African researchers in quantum-related fields is relatively small, but with a young, digitally native population and a burgeoning quantum workforce, they believe the continent is “poised to take advantage of the coming ‘second quantum revolution’”.

If all this talk of technology is too much, check out the feature by Philip Ball , who looks at the work of “quantum plumbers”. Meanwhile, Robert P Crease, Jennifer Carter and Gino Elia examine “Wigner’s friend” – a quantum thought experiment that has stumped physicists and philosophers for more than 60 years. And why not try our quantum-physics cryptic word search and see if you can reveal the hidden message.

Finally, do check out the Physics World quantum channel as well as a special collection of quantum-themed research articles, focus issues and ebooks from IOP Publishing, which publishes Physics World .

And don’t forget to sign up for the first Physics World Live event – an online panel debate in partnership with Reports on Progress in Physics where you can hear from leading researchers, including Nicole Metje from the University of Birmingham in the UK, discuss the latest on quantum sensors.

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COMMENTS

How to Write a Survey Paper: Best Guide and Practices
Before selecting any work for the survey, make sure the database is credible. Determine what sources are considered trustworthy and reputable within the specific domain. Continue survey paper writing by selecting the most relevant and significant research pieces to include in your literature overview.
How To Write A Research Paper (FREE Template
Step 2: Develop a structure and outline. With your research question pinned down and your literature digested and catalogued, it's time to move on to planning your actual research paper. It might sound obvious, but it's really important to have some sort of rough outline in place before you start writing your paper.
How to Write a Literature Review
A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic. There are five key steps to writing a literature review:
Survey Research
Survey research uses a list of questions to collect data about a group of people. You can conduct surveys online, by mail, or in person. ... Instead, you will usually survey a sample from the population. ... Sending out a paper survey by mail is a common method of gathering demographic information (for example, in a government census of the ...
IEEE Paper Format
IEEE provides guidelines for formatting your paper. These guidelines must be followed when you're submitting a manuscript for publication in an IEEE journal. Some of the key guidelines are: Formatting the text as two columns, in Times New Roman, 10 pt. Including a byline, an abstract, and a set of keywords at the start of the research paper.
Mastering The Art Of Writing A Survey Paper: A Step-By-Step Guide
A survey paper, also known as a review paper or a literature review, is a type of academic paper that synthesizes and analyzes existing research on a particular topic. It goes beyond summarizing individual studies and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. The goal of a survey paper is to identify trends, patterns, and gaps in ...
How to Write a Survey Paper: A stepwise Guide with Examples
Step 1: Selecting the Representative Papers. The first step when writing a survey paper is selecting the most relevant representative papers that are within the scope of your research and summarizing them effectively. As you will note, there can be a lot of research papers, and the space required to create a survey paper is limited.
How to write better Survey Paper in 06 easy steps?
Abstract: [Summarize the purpose, methodology, key findings, and implications of your survey paper in a concise paragraph.] 3. Key Terms: [Provide a list of key terms or concepts relevant to your survey paper.] 4. Introduction: [Provide an overview of the topic and its importance.
Doing Survey Research
Survey research means collecting information about a group of people by asking them questions and analysing the results. To conduct an effective survey, follow these six steps: Determine who will participate in the survey. Decide the type of survey (mail, online, or in-person) Design the survey questions and layout. Distribute the survey.
How to create a good research survey (step-by-step guide)
1 - Choose a survey tool that offers you free online form creation, such as forms.app. 2 - You can begin your survey with quick steps by finding survey templates related to your research or start from scratch. 3 - You can write the questions you have prepared on the form fields from the edit page.
Research survey
Below are some of the best research survey examples, templates, and tips for designing these surveys. 20 research survey examples and templates. Specific survey questions for research depend on your goals. A research questionnaire can be conducted about any topic or interest. Here are some of the best questions and ranking prompts:
Free Online Research Survey Templates
Research survey templates can be incredibly helpful in a number of ways. For one, they allow you to start your research project faster, as you don't have to spend time building a survey from scratch. Additionally, survey templates make it easy to conduct research, as they provide a pre-made structure and question format to follow. ...
Free Research Paper Template (Word Doc & PDF)
If you're preparing to write an academic research paper, our free research paper template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples.. The template's structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research papers. The template structure reflects the overall ...
Paper survey templates
Take a look at our sample paper-based survey templates that have the optical mark recognition (OMR) built-in. Print it as it is or customize questions and survey layout to suit your needs. ... Market Research Survey Template. Customer Satisfaction paper survey Template. Event Templates. Conference Evaluation Form Template. Event Satisfaction ...
Research Paper Format
Formatting an APA paper. The main guidelines for formatting a paper in APA Style are as follows: Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman or 11 pt Arial. Set 1 inch page margins. Apply double line spacing. If submitting for publication, insert a APA running head on every page. Indent every new paragraph ½ inch.
Research Proposal Template (Free Template for Academics)
Abstract. 100-200 words. This summarizes the central theme of your research. Use concise, clipped language that is academic without being over-wordy and verbose. The abstract needs to be entirely your own words, as every abstract should be completely different, unique in its approach to your topic.
Research Paper Format
MLA Research Paper Template. MLA Research Paper Format Template is as follows: Page Setup. Use 8.5 x 11 inch white paper. Use a 12-point font, such as Times New Roman. Use double-spacing throughout the entire paper, including the title page and works cited page. Set the margins to 1 inch on all sides.
42+ Survey Form Templates
42+ Survey Form Templates. Create engaging surveys that your audience will want to complete! With a wide range of ready-made Survey Form Templates to choose from and powerful customization options, you can tailor your survey to your specific needs. Easily create surveys to get insights on customer satisfaction, user feedback, market research ...
Free Survey Maker
Make a survey that people would want to answer. Say goodbye to boring surveys. Our free, online survey maker features beautiful templates, so you'll be creating surveys that respondents would love to fill out. Once you've added your questions, get creative and edit the template. Follow your brand colors and font styles.
30 Editable Research Paper Templates (MLA Formats)
Education. 30 Editable Research Paper Templates (MLA Formats) February 23, 2021 6 Mins Read. A research paper template is a document that contains research questions, variable interpolation, thesis, methodology, and results evaluation. To create an effective research paper, make sure that everything you present comes from reliable sources.
Questionnaire Design
Questionnaires vs. surveys. A survey is a research method where you collect and analyze data from a group of people. A questionnaire is a specific tool or instrument for collecting the data.. Designing a questionnaire means creating valid and reliable questions that address your research objectives, placing them in a useful order, and selecting an appropriate method for administration.
IEEE-Template Selector
Find the right IEEE article template for your target publication. Please select your publication type below. Transactions, Journals and Letters. Magazines. Conferences. Use the IEEE Publication Recommender if you don't know where you want to publish.
2024 Conference
Lester Mackey (Microsoft Research) Program Chair Angela Fan (Meta) Cheng Zhang (Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK) ... and oral and poster presentations of refereed papers. Along with the conference is a professional exposition focusing on machine learning in practice, a series of tutorials, and topical workshops that provide a less formal ...
How to Create a Structured Research Paper Outline
A decimal outline is similar in format to the alphanumeric outline, but with a different numbering system: 1, 1.1, 1.2, etc. Text is written as short notes rather than full sentences. Example: 1 Body paragraph one. 1.1 First point. 1.1.1 Sub-point of first point. 1.1.2 Sub-point of first point.
Get set for World Quantum Day 2024
An annual celebration "promoting public awareness and understanding of quantum science and technology around the world", it's a bottom-up initiative from scientists in more than 65 nations from Algeria to Zambia. The day of 14 April has been chosen because "4.14" are the first three digits of Planck's constant when rounded up: 4.14 ...

How to Write a Survey Paper: Brief Overview

What is a Survey Paper

How to Write a Survey Paper: Important Steps

Feeling Overwhelmed by All the College Essays?

Survey Paper Outline

Survey Paper Format

Writing a Good Survey Paper: Helpful Tips

Starting Point: Survey Paper Example Topics

Final Thoughts

Finding It Difficult to Write a Survey Paper?

What is Survey Paper in Ph.D.?

Mastering The Art Of Writing A Survey Paper: A Step-By-Step Guide

Importance of survey papers in academic research

Purpose of the blog post

Understanding the Basics

Definition of a survey paper

Different types of survey papers

Benefits of writing a survey paper

Choosing a Topic

Identifying a Research Gap

Selecting a Specific Area of Interest

Ensuring the Topic is Relevant and Significant

Conducting a Literature Review

Searching for relevant sources

Evaluating the credibility of the sources

Organizing and summarizing the literature

Outlining the Structure

Writing the Survey Paper

Editing and Proofreading

Formatting and Presentation

Finalizing the Survey Paper

Online tools and platforms for organizing research

List of sources cited in the blog post

Checking for grammar and spelling errors

Ensuring clarity and coherence

Seeking feedback from peers or mentors

Following the required citation style

Properly formatting headings, subheadings, and paragraphs

Including tables, figures, and graphs if necessary

Reviewing the overall structure and content

Making necessary revisions and improvements

Proofreading the final version

Additional Resources

Recommended Books and Articles on Survey Paper Writing

Online Tools and Platforms for Organizing Research

Formatting the references

Organizing the references

Double-checking the references

Writing a Survey Paper: A Comprehensive Guide

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How to Write a Survey Paper: A stepwise Guide with Examples

How to Write a Survey Paper

Need Help with your Homework or Essays?

Step 2: Coming up with an Appropriate Title

Step 3: Creating an Abstract

Step 4: Listing Key Terms

Step 5: Writing the Introduction

Step 6: Providing the Approaches Used in the Survey Paper

Step 7: Writing About the Paper Surveys

Step 8: Research Challenges

Step 9: Coming up with a Conclusion

Tips When Writing a Good Survey Paper

15 Examples of Topics for Writing a Survey Paper

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How to Write a Better Survey Paper in 06 Easy Steps?

Introduction

How to Make a Survey Paper?

Survey Paper Format

2. Abstract:

3. Key Terms:

4. Introduction:

5. Literature Review:

II. Design Space

6. Conclusion:

The Six Steps for Writing a Better Survey Paper

1. Eye-Catching “Title” for the Survey Paper

2. Giving an Overview of the Survey Paper Through the “Abstract” Section