scopus research paper download

• All Solutions

Expertly curated abstract & citation database

Your brilliance, connected.

Scopus uniquely combines a comprehensive, expertly curated abstract and citation database with enriched data and linked scholarly literature across a wide variety of disciplines.

Scopus quickly finds relevant and authoritative research, identifies experts and provides access to reliable data, metrics and analytical tools. Be confident in progressing research, teaching or research direction and priorities — all from one database and with one subscription.

Speak with us about your organization's needs

Scopus indexes content from more than 25,000 active titles and 7,000 publishers—all rigorously vetted and selected by an independent review board.

Learn more about Scopus content coverage

Download the fact sheet

2021 CiteScore metrics are available on our free layer of Scopus.com .

Learn more about CiteScore metrics

Academic Institutions ­ ­  ­

Scopus is designed to serve the information needs of researchers, educators, students, administrators and librarians across the entire academic community.

Government & Funding Agencies

Agencies and government bodies can rely on Scopus to inform their overall strategic direction, identify funding resources, measure researcher performance and more.

Research & Development

Scopus helps industry researchers track market innovations, identify key contributors and collaborators, and develop competitive benchmarking.

How Scopus works

Scopus indexes content that is rigorously vetted and selected by an independent review board of experts in their fields. The rich metadata architecture on which Scopus is built connects people, published ideas and institutions.

Using sophisticated tools and analytics, Scopus generates precise citation results, detailed researcher profiles, and insights that drive better decisions, actions and outcomes.

Discover how Scopus works

What our customers say

Many of today’s research questions have to do with public health, particularly with public policy and informatics. This creates an overlap between computer science, informatics and health sciences ... having a database as inclusive and interdisciplinary as Scopus is invaluable to us.

— Bruce Abbott, Health Sciences Librarian, University of California, Davis Health Care (USA)

Read the full customer story

Scopus really plays a vital role in helping our researchers, particularly early investigators and people who are getting ready to become early-career postgraduates, better understand the scholarly communications landscape.

— Emily Glenn, Associate Dean, University of Nebraska Medical Center Library (USA) Read the full customer story

When it comes to measuring success, you can’t compare other products to Scopus — no other output metrics offer the same kind of depth and coverage ... faculty, department chairs, college deans, they are always amazed when they discover what’s possible.

— Hector R. Perez-Gilbe, Research Librarian for the Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine (USA) Read the full customer story

Why choose Scopus

Scopus brings together superior data quality and coverage, sophisticated analytics and advanced technology in one solution that is ready to combat predatory publishing, optimize analytic powers and researcher workflows, and empower better decision making.

See why you should choose Scopus

Other helpful resources

To learn more about using and administering Scopus, how to contact us and to request corrections to Scopus profiles and content, please visit our support center .

To find Scopus fact sheets, case studies, user guides, title lists and more, please visit our resource center .

Elsevier.com visitor survey

We are always looking for ways to improve customer experience on Elsevier.com. We would like to ask you for a moment of your time to fill in a short questionnaire, at the end of your visit . If you decide to participate, a new browser tab will open so you can complete the survey after you have completed your visit to this website. Thanks in advance for your time.

Scopus Help Guide

Table of Contents

Database information: scopus, searching scopus.

• Accessing Full Text
• Exporting Results from Scopus

Saving Results/Personal Account in Scopus

Auto alerts in scopus, scopus tutorials.

Scopus and Manifold

Scopus is an extensive abstract and citation database that provides comprehensive coverage of peer-reviewed journals, books, conference abstracts, and patents across the natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities. Using Scopus, you can:

Create customized searches for peer-reviewed literature across many disciplines

• View citations to journal articles
• Access the full text of documents provided by subscriptions through the University Libraries
• View profiles for authors indexed by Scopus, which include measures of scholarly impact like h-index and publication counts

This wealth of available data makes Scopus useful for searching for literature that can help you with your research and determining the impact of scholarly works. 

Searching in Scopus

You can search Scopus for documents, authors, and affiliations, as well as create advanced searches customized to your needs.

Searching for documents On the Scopus home page, you can search for documents based on search terms provided in article titles, keywords, publication names, and many other facets. To begin, enter your search terms in the field provided and use the dropdown box to specify which fields to search.   

You can repeat this process to include additional search terms in different fields. You also have the option to specify date range, document type, and subject areas for the returned results. When you complete your search, the results are presented in a list as shown below.

From this view, you can sort results, refine the results, export and download records, and access complete records for publications. Clicking on a result title opens the full Scopus record for the publication. To access the full text of a record, you can click the Full Text Options to get to the Find It or View at Publisher buttons.

Searching for authors To search for authors, click the Author search tab above the search box. 

Here you can search for authors and documents they have published based on name, keyword, and even ORCID . 

You can also narrow your search by exact matches only or by limiting results to specified subject areas. Each author returned in the results list links to a page that profiles their publications and citations as well as provides measures of their scholarly impact.

Searching for affiliations To search for affiliations (i.e., institutions), click the Affiliation search tab above the search box. 

Here, you can search by institution name, such as University of Minnesota.

Results from this search link to affiliation profiles that provide access to documents and authors associated with the respective institution. In addition, these profiles provide some statistics of an affiliation’s scholarly output, including documents by subject area, documents by publication source, and collaborating institutions.

Creating advanced searches Scopus provides the option of creating advanced searches to customize the results that are returned. To do this, click the Advanced search tab above the search box. 

In this page, you are provided a text box where you can specify all the parameters of your search using the field codes listed.

Getting full text

When using Library resources, the FindIt link is your connection to accessing the full text of articles if a PDF link is not already visible.

This short video will show you how to get to the articles you need for your research paper or other University of Minnesota assignments. Never pay for articles! If we don't have it online, request it and we will get it for you. 

Exporting Results From Scopus

Scopus allows you to export results lists (including all search results, ‘My Lists’ and ‘Saved Lists’), documents and documents references. These can be exported either to a file or a reference management tool (e.g. EndNote, Zotero).

• Select the document or documents you would like to export .
• Click the ‘ Export ’ link. A list of file or reference management tools will appear. 
• If this is the first time you are exporting , select your reference management tool or file type.
• Once you choose your file type or reference management tool, an export options box will appear.  Choose what citation information you want to export.  You can also save this template as a preference. Then click Export.
• Your export begins.

Personal account

You can create an Elsevier account for free.   With an Elsevier account you can save a search from any documents results list, or from within your current search history.

• Run a document search or an advanced search . A document search results page opens.
• From your document search results, click ‘ Save search’ which appears to the left of your search results. The "Save this search" popup opens.
• From within the Save this search popup, enter a name for the new Saved search .
• Click ‘ Save ’. Your search is saved and can be accessed by clicking on the Saved Searches link located above the Search History.

If you are not signed into Scopus, you have the option to add selected documents from your results list to a temporary session-based list.   When you sign out of Scopus, the documents in your temporary list are deleted.  If you are signed into Scopus, you have the option to save documents to a list which may be accessed anytime you are signed into Scopus.  You can rename, edit, delete, add documents to, or export your lists of documents in Scopus account. These lists are available any time when you sign in to Scopus and can be modified or exported according to your research needs.

You can setup and manage alerts in Scopus

• From the Set search alert page or Set Alert pop-up, enter a ‘Name of alert’ .
• In ‘ E-mail address’ , enter the email address for alert notifications. This field automatically displays the email address entered when you first registered to use Scopus. You can also enter email addresses of colleagues. Separate multiple email addresses with a semicolon, comma, or space, or press ‘ Enter’ on your keyboard. If a colleague unsubscribes from the alert, you will receive an email informing you of the action.
• From ‘ Frequency’ , select how often you want to receive alert email notices. For weekly alerts you can choose which day of the week you receive the alert, and for monthly alerts you can choose which day you receive the alert. Note: If there are no new documents matching your alert criteria during the time-frame or frequency you choose, you will not receive an alert.
• Click on "set search alert" to save the alert.
• Once you have created your Alert, it can be accessed on the Alert page.  On that page you can select ‘ Active’ or ‘ Inactive’ as the status of your alert. You can change this setting on the Alerts page without losing your frequency preferences. Setting an alert to ‘ Inactive’ status does not delete the alert.

Scopus Tutorials : Scopus tutorials provide a visual tour of Scopus and its functions, but are without sound. The tutorials below are also found in the relevant FAQs in the Scopus Support Center.

Scopus Tutorial: How to conduct a basic search (2022 July 12): 3:10 min

Scopus Tutorial: How to use advanced search (2022 July 13): 3:04 min.

Scopus Tutorial: How to Expand Your Search (2022 July 13): 2:32 min.

Scopus Tutorial: How to Create Citation Overview (2022 July 22): 2:48 min

Scopus Tutorial: Understand how author profiles work (2022 July 21): 2:14 min.

Scopus Tutorial: How to save searches and set alerts (2022 July 13): 2:13 min.

Scopus is useful for learning and research. Beyond serving as simply a citation index, however, it is also useful for assessing scholarly impact. As a result, data from Scopus form the foundation for Manifold , one of the University's research impact tracking systems.

What is Manifold? Manifold is a web-accessible interface that generates profiles and reports of research impact and scholarly output for faculty and departments in the University of Minnesota Medical School. Built in response to emerging expectations and needs around faculty scholarship, Manifold harvests publication data from Scopus, including citation counts, to provide metrics of research impact and productivity for Medical School faculty and departments. In addition, Manifold provides an easy mechanism for identifying nominees for the Wall of Scholarship , which showcases research excellence among Medical School faculty. As more needs around assessment emerge at the University, the system continues to be enhanced to meet new demands on the data that Scopus provides on faculty scholarship.

For more information about Manifold, please consult the Manifold Frequently Asked Questions page.

Journals By Subject    |    Journals A - Z

Architecture / Design

Biomedicine, business and management, computer science, earth sciences, engineering, environment, life sciences, materials science, mathematics, medicine & public health, science, humanities and social sciences, multidisciplinary, social sciences.

Browse article collections by subject.

• Built Heritage
• Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
• Future Business Journal
• International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility
• Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
• Journal of Shipping and Trade
• Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research
• Applied Biological Chemistry
• Bioresources and Bioprocessing
• Fashion and Textiles
• Journal of Analytical Science and Technology
• Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences
• Applied Network Science
• Brain Informatics
• Cybersecurity
• Energy Informatics
• EPJ Data Science
• International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education
• Journal of Big Data
• Journal of Cloud Computing
• Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art
• International Journal of Implant Dentistry
• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• Progress in Orthodontics
• Earth, Planets and Space
• Geoscience Letters
• Geothermal Energy
• Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
• Swiss Journal of Geosciences
• Swiss Journal of Palaeontology
• Agricultural and Food Economics
• Financial Innovation
• Journal for Labour Market Research
• Journal of Economic Structures
• Marine Development
• Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics
• Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education
• Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research
• Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training
• International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy
• International Journal of STEM Education
• Language Testing in Asia
• Large-scale Assessments in Education
• Smart Learning Environments
• Sustainable Energy Research
• Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences
• Advances in Aerodynamics
• Advances in Bridge Engineering
• AI Perspectives & Advances
• Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering
• EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
• EURASIP Journal on Audio, Speech, and Music Processing
• EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing
• EURASIP Journal on Information Security
• EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
• European Transport Research Review
• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
• Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology
• Journal of Engineering and Applied Science
• Journal of Infrastructure Preservation and Resilience
• Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Engineering
• Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Engineering and Architecture
• Micro and Nano Systems Letters
• Moore and More
• ROBOMECH Journal
• Satellite Navigation
• Ecological Processes
• Environmental Sciences Europe
• Environmental Systems Research
• Geoenvironmental Disasters
• City, Territory and Architecture
• European Journal of Futures Research
• Journal of International Humanitarian Action
• AMB Express
• Botanical Studies
• Cell Regeneration
• Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
• Crop Health
• Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control
• Fire Ecology
• Horticulture Advances
• Journal of Wood Science
• Natural Products and Bioprospecting
• The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
• Applied Microscopy
• Collagen and Leather
• Functional Composite Materials
• Heritage Science
• Journal of Materials Science: Materials Theory
• Microplastics and Nanoplastics
• Nano Convergence
• Advances in Continuous and Discrete Models
• Boundary Value Problems
• Fixed Point Theory and Algorithms for Sciences and Engineering
• Journal of Inequalities and Applications
• Journal of Mathematics in Industry
• African Journal of Urology
• Annals of Intensive Care
• Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
• Blood Research
• Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy
• Clinical Phytoscience
• CVIR Endovascular Open peer review
• Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences
• Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
• Egyptian Journal of Neurosurgery
• Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
• Egyptian Liver Journal
• Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette
• Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation
• EJNMMI Physics
• EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry
• EJNMMI Reports
• EJNMMI Research
• European Radiology Experimental
• Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Insights into Imaging
• Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
• International Journal of Bipolar Disorders
• JA Clinical Reports
• Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
• Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
• Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes
• Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
• Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association
• Middle East Current Psychiatry
• Middle East Fertility Society Journal
• Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics
• Sports Medicine - Open
• The Cardiothoracic Surgeon
• The Egyptian Heart Journal
• The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology
• The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
• The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery
• The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
• The Ultrasound Journal
• eLight Transparent peer review
• EPJ Quantum Technology
• EPJ Techniques and Instrumentation
• Surface Science and Technology
• Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
• Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica
• Bulletin of the National Research Centre
• Comparative Migration Studies
• International Journal of Anthropology and Ethnology
• The Journal of Chinese Sociology

• Scopus: Access and use Support Center

To post social content, you must have a display name. The page will refresh upon submission. Any pending input will be lost.

• Support Center

How do I search in Scopus?

You can search in Scopus by document, author, or organization:

Scopus allows you to search for publications based on search terms relating to specific parts of a document (e.g., title, author, keywords, ISSN).

To search for a document:

• Go to the Scopus homepage . The default page is the Document search.
• Select the fields to search within from the Search within drop-down.
• Enter your terms in the Search documents field.

Note: To add search terms, select 'Add search field' for an additional search term line.

• Select 'Search' . For information about how to work with document search results, see document search results .

Document search tips:

Use boolean operators to combine different search queries and proximity operators to find words near/within a specified distance of each other.

Boolean operators - OR, AND, AND NOT

Rules for using boolean operators:.

• AND NOT e.g., KEY(mouse AND NOT cat OR dog) is interpreted as KEY((mouse) AND NOT (cat OR dog))
• AND NOT should always be used at the end of the query.
• To search for a specific phrase, enclose the terms in double quotes (" ") or for an exact match use braces ({}).

Proximity operators - W/ n , PRE/ n

You can choose between two Proximity operators to find words within a certain distance from each other: Pre/ n specifies a word order whereas W/ n does not.

Tips for proximity operators:

There are two ways of searching for phrases, an exact search and a loose/approximate phrase, depending on how exact a match you want to find.

Loose/approximate phrases

Double quotation marks are important when searching for a loose/approximate phrase.

• Loose phrase: TITLE-ABS-KEY( "heart attack") searches for documents where heart attack appear together in the title, abstract, or keywords.
• Not a loose phrase: TITLE-ABS-KEY( heart attack) searches for documents where heart and attack appear together or separately in the title, abstract, or keywords.
• Dots and hyphens are treated as intentional. When a dot/hyphen is used, it is ignored and the search terms are treated as a loose phrase
• heart-attack or heart.attack is searched as "heart attack"
• Wildcards work: "criminal* liab*" finds criminally liable and criminal liability .
• Plurals and spelling variants are included: heart attack includes heart attacks , anesthesia includes anaesthesia .
• Double quotation marks can be used to search specifically for stop words and special characters: "crocodiles with alligators" will return results such as: Crocodiles with alligators are among the largest reptiles .
• title-abs-key (*/art) is searched as title-abs-key(art)
• abs(iwv-*) is searched as abs(iwv)

Exact phrase

To find documents that contain an exact phrase, enclose the phrase in braces: {oyster toadfish} .

RESULT: This includes any stop words , spaces, and punctuation which you included in the braces. For example:

• {heart-attack} and {heart attack} will return different results because the dash is included.
• Wildcards are searched as actual characters, e.g., {health care?} returns results such as: Who pays for health care?

You can search for accented characters either with or without the accent. The results contain both variants.

Example:  España and Espana are both found whether you entered espana or españa .

This also applies to special characters.

Letters from the Greek alphabet and their spelled-out equivalents – alpha; α

Special characters that have common equivalents like π r⊃2; - pr2

Special characters with no common equivalents, punctuation, and spacing are ignored.

To search specifically for a special character or a punctuation mark, enclose it in braces {π}.

Using the singular form of a word in your search retrieves the singular, plural, and possessive forms of most words.

Scopus applies word stemming to fields containing text (not to names, affiliations, dates, or numbers). Word stemming ensures that different occurrences of a word are found.

Example : criterion finds criteria and criterion

Use these filters to reduce your search results:

Scopus coverage focuses on primary document types from serial publications. Primary means that the author is identical to the researcher in charge of the presented findings. Scopus does not include secondary document types, where the author is not identical to the person behind the presented research, such as obituaries and book reviews.

Document types covered in Scopus

• Article or Review
• Book or Book Chapter
• Book Chapter
• Article or Conference Paper
• Conference Paper
• Conference Review
• Short Survey
• Business Article or Press

Document types not covered in Scopus

• Book reviews
• Conference meeting

For more in-depth information about document types, see the Scopus Content Coverage Guide .

The author search helps you find documents written by a specific person in Scopus , even if the author is listed inconsistently. For example, an author may be cited as Smith, J in one document, but as Smith, John in another. The Scopus Author Identifier allows you to identify between different authors in author search results.

You can also search using an Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID). For more information, see How do I search for authors using ORCID?

• From the Scopus homepage , select the 'Authors' tab.
• From the 'Search using' dropdown, select 'Author name' to search by name or select 'ORCID' .
• Enter the last name of the author in the 'Enter last name' field. Alternatively, enter the ORCID number. The last name of the author is required. You can also enter a first name or initials, and an affilation name to further narrow your results.
• Select 'Search' .

Author search tips

Author Search results include any available author name variations that match your search criteria. For example, searching for Smith, J will also produce Smith, John in the results.

Here is how to limit your search results (e.g., for Smith, J.):

Unsure about spelling the author’s name? Use Wildcards to replace letters with unknowns:

The hyphen is treated as punctuation and therefore ignored if it is not in an exact phrase. Wildcards must be used with words because they cannot be standalone. When an hyphen is placed between a wildcard and a word, the wildcard will be dropped.

• Author last name: Smith-*
• Author last name: Jones and Affiliation: *-smithsonian

It is also possible to search an Author in Advanced Search with their author ID. For example: AU-ID(000000000)

Multiple author IDs can be searched as well: For example: AU-ID(000000000) OR AU-ID(111111111) OR AU-ID(222222222)

Any author search field Codes can be used with OR between them to search multiple authors.

An organization search returns a list of organizations with links to documents and a summary of the organization's research areas, collaborations, and publications.

To search for documents and authors within those organizations:

• From the Scopus homepage , select the 'Organizations' tab.
• Enter the name of an organization in the 'Search organizations' field.
• Select the arrow to search.

Affiliation search tips

• AND NOT e.g., ‘KEY(mouse AND NOT cat OR dog)’ is interpreted as ‘KEY((mouse) AND NOT (cat OR dog))’
• To search for a specific phrase, enclose the terms in double quotes (" ") or, for an exact match, brackets ({}).

Use these characters (wildcards) to find variations of a word:

Note: The hyphen is treated as punctuation and therefore ignored if it is not in an exact phrase. Wildcards must be used with words because they cannot be standalone. When an hyphen is placed between a wildcard and a word, the wildcard will be dropped.

• Affiliation name: micro-*

For example, you can enter Técnicas or Tecnicas for your search. Searching for Tecnicas returns results for e as well as é.

Here are some different field codes you could use:

You can combine two or more searches with the operators OR , AND , and AND NOT using Combine queries.

• From the Scopus homepage , select the 'Search history' tab.
• Choose two or more searches and select 'Combine queries' .
• From the Combine queries page, select the desired operator from the operator dropdown for each query combination. Note: Select an operator from the Change all operators dropdown to syncronize all operators.
• Select 'Show results' to view the results of the combined query.

Was this answer helpful?

Thank you for your feedback, it will help us serve you better. If you require assistance, please scroll down and use one of the contact options to get in touch.

Help us to help you:

Thank you for your feedback!

• Why was this answer not helpful?
• It was hard to understand / follow.
• It did not answer my question.
• The solution did not work.
• There was a mistake in the answer.
• Feel free to leave any comments below: Please enter your feedback to submit this form

Related Articles:

• How to conduct a basic search tutorial
• How can I best use the Advanced search?
• How do I work with document search results?
• Scopus tutorials
• What is the Scopus Author Identifier?

For further assistance:

What’s Included: Research Paper Template

If you’re preparing to write an academic research paper, our free research paper template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .

The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research papers. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your paper will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.

The research paper template covers the following core sections:

• The title page/cover page
• Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
• Section 1: Introduction 
• Section 2: Literature review 
• Section 3: Methodology
• Section 4: Findings /results
• Section 5: Discussion
• Section 6: Conclusion
• Reference list

Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included links to free resources to help you understand how to write each section.

The cleanly formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.

FAQs: Research Paper Template

What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).

The research paper template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.

What types of research papers can this template be used for?

The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research papers, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.

Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.

Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level research paper?

This template can be used for a research paper at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.

How long should my research paper be?

This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. We include generic word count ranges for each section within the template, but these are purely indicative. 

What about the research proposal?

If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .

We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .

How do I write a literature review?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.

How do I create a research methodology?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.

Can I share this research paper template with my friends/colleagues?

Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.

Can Grad Coach help me with my research paper?

Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our private coaching services .

Highly-Cited Papers on Fracture Non-union – A Bibliometric Analysis of the Global Literature (1990–2023)

• Review Article
• Published: 13 May 2024

Cite this article

• Raju Vaishya   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-9533 1 ,
• Brij Mohan Gupta   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0685-8342 2 ,
• Ghouse Modin N. Mamdapur   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4155-1987 3 ,
• Abhishek Vaish   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7347-0917 4 ,
• Janki Sharan Bhadani   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3329-8355 5 &
• John Mukhopadhaya   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-6274 6  

The growing interest in this field of fracture nonunion has been informally acknowledged through published studies. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to objectively outline the patterns in published clinical research concerning nonunion fractures by utilizing highly cited papers (HCPs).

Through a predetermined search strategy, we gathered literature on the clinical management of nonunion fractures from the Scopus database and utilized bibliometrics to examine the publication dates, countries, institutions, journals, authors, HCPs, and research focal points. Statistical analysis and visualization were conducted using MS Excel and VOSviewer software.

From 1990 to 2023, a total of 168 HCPs in the field of fracture nonunion were identified. They received an average of 167.68 citations per paper (CPP). Among them, 4.08% received external funding, while 17.26% were involved in international collaboration. The United States (49.4% share) was the most productive country and France had the highest citation impact. P.V. Gianoudis had the highest productivity with 13 publications and P. Hernigou had the highest citation impact. The Mayo Clinic was the most productive organization and Hopital Henri Mondor achieved the highest citation impact. The most productive journal was Clinical Orthopedics & Related Research, and the Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, American Volume had the highest average citation impact.

This contemporary bibliometric study illustrates the research features and developments of nonunion fractures. Through the use of VOSviewer, key countries, organizations, and authors could be identified, providing researchers with essential information to pinpoint current and future areas of interest in fracture nonunion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price includes VAT (Russian Federation)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Rent this article via DeepDyve

Institutional subscriptions

Data Availability

The data for this paper is available in the public domain.

Cunningham, B. P., Brazina, S., Morshed, S., & Miclau, T. (2017). Fracture healing: A review of clinical, imaging and laboratory diagnostic options. Injury, 48 (Suppl 1), S69–S75.

Article   PubMed   Google Scholar  

Calori, G. M., Albisetti, W., Agus, A., Iori, S., & Tagliabue, L. (2007). Risk factors contributing to fracture nonunions. Injury, 38 (Suppl 2), S11–S18.

Fong, K., Truong, V., Foote, C. J., Petrisor, B., Williams, D., Ristevski, B., Sprague, S., & Bhandari, M. (2013). Predictors of nonunion and reoperation in patients with fractures of the tibia: An observational study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 14 , 103.

Article   PubMed   PubMed Central   Google Scholar  

Brinker, M. R., O’Connor, D. P., Monla, Y. T., & Earthman, T. P. (2007). Metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in patients with nonunions. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 21 (8), 557–570.

JD Thomas JL Kehoe 2024 Bone Nonunion. [Updated 2023 Mar 6]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554385/

Bell, A., Templeman, D., & Weinlein, J. C. (2016). Nonunion of the femur and tibia: An update. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 47 (2), 365–375.

Hak, D. J., Fitzpatrick, D., Bishop, J. A., Marsh, J. L., Tilp, S., Schnettler, R., Simpson, H., & Alt, V. (2014). Delayed union and nonunions: Epidemiology, clinical issues, and financial aspects. Injury, 45 (Suppl 2), S3-7.

Rupp, M., Biehl, C., Budak, M., Thormann, U., Heiss, C., & Alt, V. (2018). Diaphyseal long bone nonunions – types, aetiology, economics, and treatment recommendations. International Orthopaedics, 42 (2), 247–258.

Dailey, H. L., Wu, K. A., Wu, P. S., McQueen, M. M., & Court-Brown, C. M. (2018). Tibial fracture nonunion and time to healing after reamed intramedullary nailing: Risk factors based on a single-center review of 1003 patients. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 32 (7), e263–e269.

Stewart, S. K. (2019). Fracture nonunion: A review of clinical challenges and future research needs. Malays Orthop J., 13 (2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.1907.001

Article   CAS   PubMed   PubMed Central   Google Scholar  

Giannoudis, P. V., Chloros, G. D., & Ho, Y. S. (2021). A historical review and bibliometric analysis of research on fracture nonunion in the last three decades. International Orthopaedics, 45 (7), 1663–1676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-021-05020-6

Lucio-Arias, D., & Leydesdorff, L. (2009). An indicator of research front activity: Measuring intellectual organization as uncertainty reduction in document sets. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60 (12), 2488–2498. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21199

Article   Google Scholar  

R Vaishya BM Gupta M Kappi A Vaish 2023 Fracture research from India between 1989 to 2022: A scientometric study . Iberoamerican Journal of Science Measurement and Communication [Internet]. 8 [cited 2024 Apr. 2];3(1). Available from: https://ijsmc.pro-metrics.org/index.php/i/article/view/35

Vaishya, R., Gupta, B. M., Kappi, M. K., & Vaish, A. (2023). A scientometric analysis of the most highlycited publications on fracture research from india: 1989–2022. Ann Natl Acad Med Sci (India), 59 , 209–218.

Walter, N., Orbenes, N., Rupp, M., & Alt, V. (2022). The state of research in fracture-related infection—a bibliometric analysis. Medicina, 58 (9), 1170. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58091170

Elshohna, M., & Tsouklidis, N. (2022). Top 50 cited bone graft orthopedic papers. Cureus, 14 (3), e23419. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.23419

Li, J., Zhao, Y., et al. (2023). Research hotspots and trends of bone xenograft in clinical procedures: A bibliometric and visual analysis of the past decade. Bioengineering, 10 (8), 929. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10080929

Lin, H., Wang, X., Huang, M., et al. (2020). Research hotspots and trends of bone defects based on web of science: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 15 , 463. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01973-3

Huang, X., Liu, X., Shang, Y., Qiao, F., & Chen, G. (2020). Current trends in research on bone regeneration: A bibliometric analysis. BioMed Research International, 2020 , 8787394. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8787394

Zhang, X., Li, Q., Wang, Z., et al. (2022). Bone regeneration materials and their application over 20 years: A bibliometric study and systematic review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol., 10 , 921092. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.921092

Deng, Z., Luo, F., Lin, Y., et al. (2022). Research trends of mesenchymal stem cells application in orthopedics: A bibliometric analysis of the past 2 decades. Frontiers in Public Health, 10 , 1021818. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1021818

Jindal, R., Dhillon, M., Mittal, N., Aggarwal, A., Malhotra, A., & Garg, S. K. (2021). Gaps in the care of open fractures: An indian scenario. Indian J Orthop., 56 (2), 280–288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-021-00476-5

Tissingh, E. K., Marais, L., Loro, A., Bose, D., Paner, N. T., Ferguson, J., Morgensten, M., & McNally, M. (2022). Management of fracture-related infection in low resource settings: How applicable are the current consensus guidelines? EFORT Open Rev., 7 (6), 422–432. https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0031

Vaishya, R., Gupta, B. M., Misra, A., Mamdapur, G. M. N., Walke, R., & Vaish, A. (2023). Top 100 highly cited papers from India on COVID-19 research: A bibliometric analysis of the core literature. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 17 (11), 102898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102898

Article   CAS   Google Scholar  

Vaishya, R., Gupta, B. M., Mamdapur, G. M. N., Vaish, A., & Migliorini, F. (2023). Scientometric analysis of highly cited papers on avascular necrosis of the femoral head from 1991 to 2022. Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 24 (1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10195-023-00709-3

Vaishya, R., Gupta, B. M., Misra, A., Mamdapurj, G. M., & Vaish, A. (2022). Global research in sarcopenia: High-cited papers, research institutions, funding agencies and collaborations, 1993–2022. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 16 (11), 102654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102654

Yang, J., Zhang, X., Liang, W., Chen, G., Ma, Y., Zhou, Y., Fen, R., & Jiang, K. (2022). Efficacy of adjuvant treatment for fracture nonunion/delayed union: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 23 (1), 481. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-022-05407-5

Ding, Z. C., Lin, Y. K., Gan, Y. K., & Tang, T. T. (2018). Molecular pathogenesis of fracture nonunion. J Orthop Translat., 14 , 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jot.2018.05.002

Dimitriou, R., Carr, I. M., West, R. M., Markham, A. F., & Giannoudis, P. V. (2011). Genetic predisposition to fracture nonunion: A case-control study of a preliminary single nucleotide polymorphisms analysis of the BMP pathway. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 12 , 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-12-44

Schlickewei, C. W., Kleinertz, H., Thiesen, D. M., Mader, K., Priemel, M., Frosch, K. H., & Keller, J. (2019). Current and future concepts for the treatment of impaired fracture healing. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20 (22), 5805. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225805

Szwed-Georgiou, A., Płociński, P., Kupikowska-Stobba, B., Urbaniak, M. M., Rusek-Wala, P., Szustakiewicz, K., et al. (2023). Bioactive materials for bone regeneration: Biomolecules and delivery systems. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 9 (9), 5222–5254. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00609

Zhu, L., Liu, Y., Wang, A., Zhu, Z., Li, Y., Zhu, C., et al. (2022). Application of BMP in Bone Tissue Engineering. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 10 , 810880. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.810880

Ma, Q., Miri, Z., Haugen, H. J., Moghanian, A., & Loca, D. (2023). Significance of mechanical loading in bone fracture healing, bone regeneration, and vascularization. J Tissue Eng., 14 , 20417314231172572. https://doi.org/10.1177/20417314231172573

Ghiasi, M. S., Chen, J., Vaziri, A., Rodriguez, E. K., & Nazarian, A. (2017). Bone fracture healing in mechanobiological modeling: A review of principles and methods. Bone Rep., 6 , 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2017.03.002

Marmor, M. T., Grimm, B., Hanflik, A. M., Richter, P. H., Sivananthan, S., Yarboro, S. R., & Braun, B. J. (2022). Use of wearable technology to measure activity in orthopaedic trauma patients: A systematic review. Indian J Orthop., 56 (7), 1112–1122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-022-00629-0

Kumar, Y., Koul, A., Singla, R., & Ijaz, M. F. (2023). Artificial intelligence in disease diagnosis: A systematic literature review, synthesizing framework and future research agenda. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 14 (7), 8459–8486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03612-z

Griffin, X. L., Parsons, N., Costa, M. L., & Metcalfe, D. (2014). Ultrasound and shockwave therapy for acute fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Systematic Review, 2014 (6), CD008579. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008579.

Sansone, V., Ravier, D., Pascale, V., Applefield, R., Del Fabbro, M., & Martinelli, N. (2022). Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of nonunion in long bones: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11 (7), 1977. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11071977

Download references

No funding in any form was received for this research.

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, 110076, India

Raju Vaishya

Retired Scientist, CSIR-NISTADS, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India

Brij Mohan Gupta

Department of Library and Information Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India

Ghouse Modin N. Mamdapur

Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, 110076, India

Abhishek Vaish

Department of Orthopaedics, Paras HMRI Hospital, Patna, India

Janki Sharan Bhadani

Department of Orthopaedics Paras, HMRI Hospital, Patna, India

John Mukhopadhaya

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Contributions

RV: Conceptualization, Literature Search and Analysis, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval. BMG: Conceptualization, Data Curation and Analysis, Literature Search, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval. GMNM: Data Curation and Analysis, Literature Search, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval. AV: Literature Search and Analysis, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval. JSB: Literature Search and Analysis, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval. JM: Literature Search and Analysis, Manuscript writing, editing and final approval.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Raju Vaishya .

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest.

All the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The paper is a review article so no ethical approval is required.

Informed consent

For this type of study informed consent is not required.

Additional information

Publisher's note.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 418 KB)

Rights and permissions.

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Vaishya, R., Gupta, B.M., Mamdapur, G.M.N. et al. Highly-Cited Papers on Fracture Non-union – A Bibliometric Analysis of the Global Literature (1990–2023). JOIO (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-024-01176-6

Download citation

Received : 04 April 2024

Accepted : 30 April 2024

Published : 13 May 2024

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-024-01176-6

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

• Bibliometrics
• Epidemiology
• Highly cited papers
• Find a journal
• Publish with us
• Track your research

• [email protected] / [email protected]
• Create Account
• Join to Connect:

IJSRP Research Paper Format

Welcome to the IJSRP Journal's official page for Research Paper Formatting! To ensure a seamless submission process and adherence to our publication standards, we provide a comprehensive Research Paper Format Template in Microsoft Word.

Research papers must be drafted in double column standard paper format (.doc/.docx) . In case paper have technical equations and not possible to format in double column format, you can format in Single Column format. Download the IJSRP paper format (MS-Word) template and submit your research paper for review/final publishing.

In case it is not possible to send paper in word format, you can send research paper in PDF or LATEX format. Kindly mention in paper submission email that paper is in Latex format.

Download Research Paper Format Template:

To download the research paper format, right-click the above link and choose "Save Link As..." to save the sample document to your computer. Paper must be send in .doc/.docx or PDF/LATEX format only.

Research Paper Format Template:

User-friendly in microsoft word:.

By utilizing our Research Paper Format Template, you streamline the submission process, making it easier for both authors and reviewers. Consistent formatting promotes a polished appearance, demonstrating your commitment to scholarly excellence.

Ensuring Journal Standards:

We encourage all authors to download our Research Paper Format Template to enhance the presentation and organization of their research papers. For any further inquiries or assistance, please refer to the submission guidelines provided on our website or contact our editorial team.

tree-logo-small-v2.png

• Research trends reports
• Tips & Tricks

You are here

Search this blog, get our newsletter.

Follow Scopus

• Content (59)
• Metrics (44)
• Release (36)
• Tips and Tricks (26)
• scopus (19)

Recent Posts

Scopus ai release: may 2024.

• Enhancements to Citation Overview on Scopus
• ACRL Webinar - Unlocking Insights with Generative AI: How to Enhance Research Efficiency in the Library
• Changes to Scopus Open Access (OA) document tagging
• A.T. Still University Scopus and Digital Commons case study now available!

The academic community was closely involved in designing and rigorously testing Scopus AI , and members continue to shape its future; for example, via user testing and in-product feedback. Since Scopus AI’s launch in 2024, we’ve tapped into community feedback to introduce the following features:

• Concept map relationships
• New SML reranker
• Reflection layer
• Export to SciVal

Concept map relationships: The Concept map has been updated so that when a user clicks on a node, it will explain how the node relates to the topic. When you click on a node, the relationship is highlighted in orange. Underneath the Concept map, the relationship will be outlined and an explanation of the relationship will be provided. If you click on a different node, the new relationship will be outlined and and the explanation will be updated.

SC AI_Concept map update 3v2.png

New SML reranker: A new small language model reranker that significantly enhances the precision of our search capabilities, intelligently prioritizing the best Scopus article matches for your queries.

The Reflection layer: providing transparency and context about our confidence in the responses.

• If it has a high level of certainty it can answer your query, it will use direct language. It may also add nuance; for example, point out that there is heavy bias in one area.

SC AI_Reflection layer 1v2.png

• When its confidence in its answer is medium, it will provide an inferred response, making it clear through the language used that there is, for example, only limited information on this topic available in Scopus. In this case, nuance is always provided.

SC AI_Reflection layer 2v2.png

• And when Scopus AI can’t answer a question, it will tell you and suggest alternative, related queries.

SC AI_Reflection layer 3v2.png

Export to SciVal: Users now have the option to export references to SciVal to conduct further analysis.

SC AI_Export to SciVal_v2.png

Learn more about Scopus AI by clicking here .