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14 Indian Scientists Who Transformed Our Lives: Celebrating their Global Impact

Discover a compilation of 14 Indian scientists who have achieved global recognition, making significant contributions that have improved our lives. Take a moment to appreciate these extraordinary minds who have simplified and enhanced various aspects of human existence.

S cience is an important part of our everyday life, even more so than we notice. From our fancy gadgets to the the technologies we can’t live without, from our humble light bulb to the space explorations, it is all gift of science and technology. I wonder what would we be doing if none of these things were invented? How often do we take out the time to think about those extra ordinary minds who made life easier for us? Here is a list of 14 Indian scientists who achieved a global recognition-

1. CV Raman

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for his pioneering work on scattering of light. Born in Tiruchirapalli on November 7, 1888, he was the first Asian to receive any Nobel Prize in the sciences. Raman also worked on the acoustics of musical instruments. He was the first to investigate the harmonic nature of the sound of the Indian drums such as the tabla and the mridangam.

Through his discovery, he found that when light passes through a transparent material, a portion of the scattered light undergoes a shift in wavelength. This occurrence, now known as Raman scattering, is a direct outcome of the Raman effect.

In October 1970, he collapsed in his laboratory, leading to his transfer to a hospital where doctors predicted he had four hours left to live. However, he defied the odds and survived. After a few days, he chose to leave the hospital, opting to spend his final moments in the gardens of his Institute (the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore) surrounded by his beloved flowers. Chandrasekhara passed away due to natural causes on 21 November 1970.

Before dying, Raman told his students,

Do not allow the journals of the Academy to die, for they are the sensitive indicators of the quality of Science being done in the country and whether science is taking root in it or not.

2. Homi J. Bhabha

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Born on October 30, 1909 in Bombay, Homi Jehangir Bhabha played an important role in the Quantum Theory.

He was the first person to become the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India. Having started his scientific career in nuclear physics from Great Britain, Bhabha returned to India and played a key role in convincing the Congress Party’s senior leaders, most notably Jawaharlal Nehru, to start the ambitious nuclear programme.

Bhabha is generally acknowledged as the father of Indian nuclear power. But few people know that he was absolutely against India manufacturing atomic bombs, even if the country had enough resources to do so. Instead he suggested that the production of an atomic reactor should be used to lessen India’s misery and poverty.

Indian Scientist Bhabha died when Air India Flight 101 crashed near Mont Blanc on 24 January 1966. Many possible theories of the crash came up including a conspiracy theory in which the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is involved in order to paralyze India’s nuclear program.

3. Visvesvaraya

Born on 15 September 1860, Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was a notable Indian engineer, scholar, statesman and the Diwan of Mysore during 1912 to 1918. He was a recipient of the Indian Republic’s highest honour, the Bharat Ratna.

Sir M V suggested that India try to be at par with industrialized nations as he believed that India can become developed through industries.

He has the credit of inventing ‘automatic sluice gates’ and ‘block irrigation system’ which are still considered to be marvels in engineering. Each year, his birthday 15 September is celebrated as Engineer’s Day in India.

Since river beds were costly, he came up with an efficient way of filtering water through ‘Collector Wells’ in 1895 which was rarely seen anywhere in the world. ( Source )

4. Venkatraman Radhakrishnan

Venkatraman Radhakrishnan was born on May 18, 1929 in Tondaripet, a suburb of Chennai. Venkataraman was a globally renowned space scientist and a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

He was an internationally acclaimed Astrophysicist and also known for his design and fabrication of ultralight aircraft and sailboats.

His observations and theoretical insights helped the community in unraveling many mysteries surrounding pulsars, interstellar clouds, galaxy structures and various other celestial bodies. Indian Scientist Venkatraman died at the age of 81 in Bangalore.

5. S. Chandrashekar

Born on October 19, 1910 in Lahore, British India, he was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics for his mathematical theory of black holes. The Chandrasekhar limit is named after him. He was nephew of CV Raman. Chandra became a United States citizen in 1953.

His most celebrated work concerns the radiation of energy from stars, particularly white dwarf stars, which are the dying fragments of stars. He died on August 21, 1995, at the age of 82 in Chicago.

6. Satyendra Nath Bose

Born on January 1, 1894 in Calcutta, SN Bose was an Indian physicist specialising in quantum mechanics. He is of course most remembered for his role played in the class of particles ‘ bosons ‘, which were named after him by Paul Dirac to commemorate his work in the field.

Bose adapted a lecture at the University of Dhaka on the theory of radiation and the ultraviolet catastrophe into a short article called “Planck’s Law and the Hypothesis of Light Quanta” and sent it to Albert Einstein. Einstein agreed with him, translated Bose’s paper “Planck’s Law and Hypothesis of Light Quanta” into German, and had it published in  Zeitschrift für Physik  under Bose’s name, in 1924. This formed the basis of the Bose-Einstein Statistics.

In 1937, Rabindranath Tagore dedicated his only book on science, Visva–Parichay, to Indian Scientist Satyendra Nath Bose. The Government of India awarded him India’s second highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan in 1954.

7. Meghnad Saha

Born on October 6, 1893 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, Meghnad Saha’s best-known work concerned the thermal ionisation of elements, and it led him to formulate what is known as the Saha Equation . This equation is one of the basic tools for interpretation of the spectra of stars in astrophysics. By studying the spectra of various stars, one can find their temperature and from that, using Saha’s equation, determine the ionisation state of the various elements making up the star.

This Indian Scientist also invented an instrument to measure the weight and pressure of solar rays. But did you know, he was also the chief architect of river planning in India? He prepared the original plan for the Damodar Valley Project.

8. Srinivasa Ramanujan

Born on December 22, 1887 in Tamil Nadu, Ramanujam was an Indian mathematician and autodidact who, with almost no formal training in pure mathematics, made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions.

By age 11, he had exhausted the mathematical knowledge of two college students who were lodgers at his home. He was later lent a book on advanced trigonometry written by S. L. Loney. He completely mastered this book by the age of 13 and discovered sophisticated theorems on his own.

We hadn’t known before that he faced a lot of health problems while living in England due to scarcity of vegetarian food. He returned to India and died at a young age of 32.

Ramanujan’s home state of Tamil Nadu celebrates 22 December (Ramanujan’s birthday) as ‘State IT Day’, memorializing both the man and his achievements.

9. Jagadish Chandra Bose

Acharya J.C. Bose was a man of many talents. Born on 30 November, 1858 in Bikrampur, West Bengal, he was a polymath, physicist, biologist, botanist and archaeologist. He pioneered the study of radio and microwave optics, made important contributions to the study of plants and laid the foundation of experimental science in the Indian sub-continent. He was the first person to use semiconductor junctions to detect radio signals, thus demonstrating wireless communication for the first time. What’s more, he is also probably the father of open technology, as he made his inventions and work freely available for others to further develop. His reluctance for patenting his work is legendary.

Another of his well known inventions is the crescograph , through which he measured plant response to various stimuli and hypothesized that plants can feel pain, understand affection etc.

While most of us are aware of his scientific prowess, we might not be aware of his talent as an early writer of science fiction! This Indian Scientist is in fact considered the father of Bengali science fiction.

10. Vikram Sarabhai

Considered as the Father of India’s space programme, Vikram Sarabhai was born on on 12 August, 1919 in the city of Ahmedabad in Gujarat. He was instrumental in the setting up of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), when he successfully convinced the Indian government of the importance of a space programme for a developing nation after the launch of the Russian Sputnik, in this quote:

There are some who question the relevance of space activities in a developing nation. To us, there is no ambiguity of purpose. We do not have the fantasy of competing with the economically advanced nations in the exploration of the moon or the planets or manned space-flight. But we are convinced that if we are to play a meaningful role nationally, and in the community of nations, we must be second to none in the application of advanced technologies to the real problems of man and society.

He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1966 and the Padma Vubhushan after his death in 1972. While everyone knows of his primary role in the establishment of ISRO, perhaps many of us do not know that he was also the force behind the establishment of many other Indian institutes of repute, most notably the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A) and the Nehru Foundation for Development.

11. Salim Ali

Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali, born on November 12, 1896 in Mumbai, was an ornithologist and a naturalist. Salim Ali was among the first Indians to conduct systematic bird surveys across India and his bird books helped develop ornithology in the sub-continent.

This Birdman of India was the key figure behind the Bombay Natural History Society after 1947 and used his personal influence to garner government support for the organisation. He was awarded India’s second highest civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan in 1976.

12. Har Gobind Khorana

Born on January 9, 1922 at Raipur village in West Punjab (now in Pakistan), Khorana was an Indian-American biochemist who shared the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley for research that helped to show how the order of  nucleotides  in  nucleic acids , which carry the  genetic code  of the cell, control the cell’s synthesis of proteins.

In 1970, Khorana became the first to synthesize an artificial gene in a living cell. His work became the foundation for much of the later research in biotechnology and gene therapy.

How many are aware that the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Government of India (DBT Department of Biotechnology), and the Indo-US Science and Technology Forum jointly created the Khorana Program in 2007? The mission of the Khorana Program is to build a seamless community of scientists, industrialists, and social entrepreneurs in the United States and India. Khorana died of natural causes on November 9, 2011 at the age of 89.

13. Birbal Sahni

Born on November 14, 1891 in West Punjab, Sahni was an Indian paleobotanist who studied the fossils of the Indian subcontinent. He was also a geologist who took an interest in archaeology. His greatest contributions lie in the study of the plants of India in the present as well as the historical context.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS) in 1936, the highest British scientific honor, awarded for the first time to an Indian botanist.

He was a founder of The Paleobotanical Society which established the Institute of Palaeobotany on 10 September 1946 and which initially functioned in the Botany Department of Lucknow University. Indian Scientist Sahni died on 10 April 1949 due to a heart attack.

14. APJ Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, born on October 15, 1931 is an Indian scientist who worked as an Aerospace engineer with Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Kalam started his career by designing a small helicopter for the Indian Army. Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near earth’s orbit in July 1980.

He also served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam advocated plans to develop India into a developed nation by 2020 in his book India 2020. He has received several prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour. Known for his love for children, did you know that Kalam had set a goal of meeting 100,000 students in the 2 years after his resignation from the role of scientific adviser in 1999? May he continue to inspire millions.

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Feel free to tell us about more Indian scientists who have inspired you. You could write to us on [email protected]

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Who is C.V. Raman?

• Is mathematics a physical science?
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• The Nobel Prize - Biography of Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
• ACS Publications - Recent Advances in Enhancement of Raman Scattering Intensity for Biological Applications
• Famous Scientists - C. V. Raman
• IndianetZone - Biography of Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman
• Indian Academy of Sciences - Prof. C. V. Raman
• C.V. Raman - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

C.V. Raman was an Indian physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for his discovery of what became known as the Raman effect . He significantly influenced the growth of science in India through his teaching, his support of nearly every Indian research institution of his time, and his founding of the Indian Academy of Sciences.

What did C.V. Raman discover?

C.V. Raman discovered the Raman effect , which occurs when light that shines through a material is scattered and its wavelength changes from that of the original incident light because of its interactions with the molecules in the material.

Why did C.V. Raman win the Nobel Prize?

C.V. Raman was awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the Raman effect , in which light that passes through a material is scattered and the wavelength of the scattered light is changed because it has caused an energy state transition in the material’s molecules .

C.V. Raman (born November 7, 1888, Trichinopoly , India—died November 21, 1970, Bangalore) was an Indian physicist whose work was influential in the growth of science in India . He was the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for the discovery that when light traverses a transparent material, some of the light that is deflected changes in wavelength. This phenomenon is now called Raman scattering and is the result of the Raman effect .

After earning a master’s degree in physics at Presidency College, University of Madras , in 1907, Raman became an accountant in the finance department of the Indian government. He became professor of physics at the University of Calcutta in 1917. Studying the scattering of light in various substances, in 1928 he found that when a transparent substance is illuminated by a beam of light of one frequency, a small portion of the light emerges at right angles to the original direction, and some of this light is of different frequencies than that of the incident light. These so-called Raman frequencies are the energies associated with transitions between different rotational and vibrational states in the scattering material.

Raman was knighted in 1929, and in 1933 he moved to the Indian Institute of Science, at Bangalore , as head of the department of physics. In 1947 he was named director of the Raman Research Institute there and in 1961 became a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science. He contributed to the building up of nearly every Indian research institution in his time, founded the Indian Journal of Physics and the Indian Academy of Sciences, and trained hundreds of students who found important posts in universities and government in India and Myanmar (Burma). He was the uncle of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , who won the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics, with William Fowler .

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5 Indian scientists whose work shaped modern life

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The expansion of scientific contemplation in modern India can be credited to the scientists of the nineteenth century. They essentially shaped the way we live now and many of the scientific research work currently in progress follows the lead of these brilliant thinkers.

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• Famous Personalities /

Indian Scientists Who Changed The World

• Updated on  
• Aug 29, 2024

India has always been scientifically advanced from ancient to contemporary times. Stalwarts like APJ Abdul Kalam , and Satyendra Nath Bose, are some of the famous scientists of India who contributed to that advancement. Evidence of this can be found in various historic Indian texts and manuscripts. Science is an indispensable part of our lives. Whether it be the small light bulb to big machines everything around us is a result of dynamic scientific inventions. Do you know many of these scientific innovations are a curation of Indian scientists ? Here is an exclusive blog that will take you through the lives of the greatest scientists of all time .  

“For, each man can do best and excel in only that thing of which he is passionately fond, in which he believes, as I do, that he can do it, that he is born and destined to do it.” – Homi J Bhabha

This Blog Includes:

Top indian scientists and their inventions, apj abdul kalam, satyendranath bose, meghnad saha, prafulla chandra ray, homi jehangir bhabha, jagadish chandra bose, srinivasa ramanujan, prasanta chandra mahalanobis, subhramanyan chandrashekhar, birbal sahni, ss abhyankar, har gobind khurrana, kamlesh lulla, meyya meyyappan, sunita l. williams, anita sengupta, ashwin vasavada, indian women scientists, indian scientists who won nobel prize, indian scientists and their inventions ppt.

Born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu on the 15th of October 1931, Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was one of the famous scientists of India. He served as India’s president between 2002 to 2007. He started his career as an aerospace engineer in the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), where he designed helicopters for the Indian Army. he was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969, where he was the project director of SLV- III, India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle which was successful in deploying the satellite Rohini in near-earth orbit in 1980. Under his leadership, India saw rapid development in missile production and nuclear weapons programs. APJ Abdul Kalam, India’s Missile Man died on the 27th of July, 2015.

To know more about the life of this millennial Indian scientist and visionary leader, read our blog on the Education of APJ Abdul Kalam !

Best known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein for the development of the foundation of the Bose-Einstein statistics and his work on quantum mechanics, Satyendranath Bose was an eminent Indian scientist, physicist, and mathematician. He was born on the 1st of January, 1894 in Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal. He was a fellow of the Royal Society of London and was also awarded the Padma Vibhushan (the second-highest civilian award in India) by the government of India in 1954. Visva-Parichay, the only book by Rabindranath Tagore on science , was dedicated to him in 1937. The eminent physicist Paul Dirac named a class of particles that followed the bose- einstein’s statistics as bosons after the name of this eminent scientist. Satyendranath Bose died on the 4th of February, 1974.

To know more about the heroes of Numbers, here is a comprehensive blog on Famous Indian Mathematicians !  

Among the most famous scientists of India and astrophysicists, Meghnad Saha was born on the 6th of October, 1893 in Shaoratoli, a village near Dhaka (present-day Bangladesh) which was then part of the Bengal Presidency. He developed the Saha Ionization equation, one of the basic tools for interpreting stars’ physical and chemical conditions. He also invented an instrument for measuring the pressure and weight of solar rays. Known as the chief architect of river planning in India, the original plan of the Damodar Valley Project was prepared by him. An eminent scientist, he was the founder and editor of the journal Science and Culture. In 1943, the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics in Kolkata was founded in his name. He died on the 16th of February, 1956 in New Delhi.

If you aim to make a career in the same direction as Meghnad Saha, then read our blog on Astrophysics Courses !

Regarded as the father of chemical science in India, Prafulla Chandra Ray was born on the 2nd of August, 1861 in Raruli-Katipara village in the Jessore district of the then Bengal Presidency of British India (in present-day Bangladesh). He was the founder of India’s first pharmaceutical company, Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, established in 1901 in Kolkata. This eminent Bengali was the author of the book A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle Sixteenth Century. For his work, he was honoured with the first-ever Chemical Landmark Plaque outside Europe by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Prafulla Chandra Ray died on the 16th of June, 1944.

Popular as the Birdman of India, Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was born on the 12th of November, 1896 in Bombay, Maharashtra. A naturalist and ornithologist, Salim Ali was the first Indian who conducted systematic surveys on birds across India. He played an important role in the establishment of the Bharatpur bird sanctuary, along with contributing to the development of the Bombay Natural History Society which made him one of the most profound Indian scientists. For his contributions, the Indian Government awarded him with the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Vibhushan in 1958 and 1976 respectively. He wrote the ten-volume Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan in association with the American ornithologist, Sidney Dillon Ripley. Salim Ali died on the 20 of June 1987.

Discover the scope of this field and become a hero-like Salim Ali by reading our blog on Branches of Zoology !

Popularly known as the father of the Indian nuclear program, Homi Jehangir Bhabha was born on the 30th of October, 1909. An eminent nuclear physicist, he played an important role in convincing the senior party leaders of the Congress , especially Jawaharlal Nehru to start an ambitious nuclear program in India. He established the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Bombay in 1945 and the Atomic Energy Commission in 1948, also serving as the chairman of the latter. Homi Bhaba died in a plane crash while on the way to Austria on the 24th of January, 1966.

Experiment With Diverse Career in Physics

Considered the father of Bengali science fiction, Jagadish Chandra Bose was born in Mymensingh in the Bengal Presidency(in present-day Bangladesh) on 30th November 1858. His contributions to plant science are significant, such as the invention of the crescograph, a device that could measure the growth of plants. He also played a pioneering role in the investigation of radio and microwave optics. He was one of the few scientists who were opposed to patenting any of his inventions. J. C. Bose died on 23rd November 1937.

Are you inspired by this Indian Scientist? Discover the Scope of Biology as a Career !

Born on 22nd December 1887 in Tamil Nadu, Ramanujan was an eminent mathematician who had made significant contributions to mathematical analysis, infinite series, number theory, and continued fractions. An independent mathematician, he developed original and novel results such as the Ramanujan theta function, the Ramanujan prime, mock theta functions, partition formulae, etc. A scientific journal was established to publish research in all the areas influenced by him, named The Ramanujan Journal. He was the first Indian to be elected a fellow of the Trinity College, Cambridge, and was one of the youngest fellows of the Royal Society. Ramanujan died on the 26th of April, 1920.

Fascinated with the work of this Indian scientist? Find more such personalities in our blog on  – Most Famous Indian Mathematicians

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was an eminent Indian physicist who had immense contributions in the field of light scattering. He was born on 7th November 1888 in Trichy, Tamil Nadu, and is best known for his discovery of the phenomenon of scattering of light which is famously known as the Raman effect. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in 1930, making him the first Indian or Asian to receive the prize in any branch of science. He was honoured with the highest civilian award by the government of India, the Bharat Ratna, in 1954. C.V. Raman died on 21st November 1970.

Before moving on to the next name in the list of Indian Scientists Find out everything about Modern Physics with us! 

Eminent scientist and statistician, Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis was born on 29th June 1893 in Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal. He is famous for introducing the statistical measure known as Mahalanobis distance. He was the founder of the Indian Statistical Institute, along with being one of the members of the first Planning Commission of independent India. He has made huge contributions to large-scale sample survey designing and the study of anthropometry in India. The father of modern statistics in India died on 28th June 1972.

Subrahmanyan Chandrashekhar was an astrophysicist and Indian scientist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1983. He received the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the study of physical processes necessary for the structure and evolution of stars. His most famous discovery was that massive stars could collapse under their gravity to reach infinite densities. These collapsed stars are known as neutron stars or black holes, as we may call them today. 

Birbal Sahni was a renowned paleobotanist and Indian scientist. He is very well known for his research on the fossils of the Indian subcontinent. He has been accredited with finding some of the most ancient fossils. These ancient fossils are reportedly from several innate corners of the country.

Raj Reddy is an award-winning Indian computer scientist. He is known to have anchored the development of what we know as the AI system today. His work is related to the development of large-scale intelligence systems. This has significantly contributed to the growth of the AI system that is excessively used these days. Like Google Assistant, Alexa, Siri, and more.

SS Abhyankar is a very famous mathematician. He is known for his outstanding contributions to algebraic geometry. At the time of his death, he held the role of a distinguished professor of mathematics at Purdue University . In addition to mathematics, he was also a professor of computer science and industrial engineering. 

Har Gobind Khurana is an awarded Indian scientist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1968. He worked around the concepts of biochemistry. He is famous for his contribution to demonstrating how the nucleotides in nucleic acids control the synthesis of protein. 

“If there has been any success in my life, that was built on the the unshakeable foundation of failure…” – JC Bose

Indian Scientists in NASA

The famous scientists of India have gone on to work at companies like NASA , and ISRO and work closely with government agencies. Here are Indian scientists who are working or have worked with NASA:

As one of the famous scientists in India, Kamlesh Lull holds two Ph.D. degrees with a specialization in Environmental Science and Geoscience Remote Sensing. He is one of the most internationally acclaimed scientists at the American space agency. 

Meyya Meyyappan is the Chief Scientist for Exploration Technology at NASA Center for Nanotechnology. He is also the founding member of IWGN. The purpose of IWGN is to look after the development of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. 

Sunita L. Williams is among the famous scientists in India. A Master of Science in Engineering Management was chosen as an astronaut by NASA in 1998. She  became the second Indian-American woman to hold the position at NASA and had a world record for females with four spacewalks at 29 hours and 17 minutes

Also Read – A Career in Space Science

Anita Sengupta is one of the most famous scientists in India. As an aerospace engineer, was one of the chief engineers behind the launch of the Curiosity Rover to Mars in 2011. She has worked on developing numerous technologies that enabled Mars, Asteroids, and Deep Space exploration.

Ashwin Vasavada, a Doctorate in Planetary Science is a Senior Scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He is known to have led the scientists’ Roving Mars with the MSL mission. Additionally, he has also worked on NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission.

Indian women have been a significant part of scientific research and invention in India. From medicine to astrophysics to nuclear research, Indian women have assisted in the evolution of science in India despite the prevalent obstacles in their paths. Let’s honour some of our most famous scientists in India:

• Janaki Ammal, Botanist
• Asima Chatterjee, Chemist
• Kalpana Chawla, Astronaut
• Rajeshwari Chatterjee, Scientist
• Anna Mani, Physicist
• Rohini Godbole, Physicist
• Ritu Karidhal, Scientist
• Charusita Chakravarty, Scientist
• Darshan Ranganathan, Chemist
• Tessy Thomas, Scientist
• Aditi Pant, Oceanographer
• Kamala Sohonie, Biochemist
• Bibha Chowdhuri, Physicist
• Shubha Tole, Neuroscientist
• Yamuna Krishnan, Researcher

The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the highest recognition of outstanding contributions to humanity. Conferred for the first time in 1901, it is an annual ceremony whereby this prestigious award is bestowed in different categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions. These awards are conferred to distinguished persons for their humanitarian services in their respective fields. It is international recognition of their works:

• Har Gobind Khorana
• Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan

Related Blogs

Hope this blog on eminent Indian scientists was able to bring forward some of the great contributions made by Indian scientists in various fields. For more related articles you can visit our page of famous personalities . For more informative blogs, follow us Leverage Edu on Facebook , Youtube , Instagram , and LinkedIn . 

Digvijay Singh

Having 2+ years of experience in educational content writing, withholding a Bachelor's in Physical Education and Sports Science and a strong interest in writing educational content for students enrolled in domestic and foreign study abroad programmes. I believe in offering a distinct viewpoint to the table, to help students deal with the complexities of both domestic and foreign educational systems. Through engaging storytelling and insightful analysis, I aim to inspire my readers to embark on their educational journeys, whether abroad or at home, and to make the most of every learning opportunity that comes their way.

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Indian Scientists: From Ancient to Modern Era

Last updated on March 11, 2024 by ClearIAS Team

Our daily lives incorporate science on a regular basis. Science and technology underpin everything, from the humble lightbulb to recent extraterrestrial discoveries. What would we be doing if none of these items had been created? How often do we pause to think about those extraordinary minds that make our lives easier? Read more to find more.

India observes National Science Day on February 28 each year to commemorate the discovery of the Raman effect, one of the most crucial concepts in physics.

Let us find out more about Indian Scientists from the ancient to the modern era.

Also read: Jagadish Chandra Bose: The multi-faceted Indian Scientist

Table of Contents

1. Bramha Gupta

In 628 AD, Indian mathematician Brahma Gupta introduced the idea of zero for the first time.

The most significant mathematical breakthrough in history was the creation of the notion of zero. The astronomical observatory at Ujjain was led by Brahma Gupta.

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Book which he wrote about astronomy and Mathematics:

The Khandkhadyaka, Bramhasputa Siddhanta, Cadamekela, Durkeamynarda

2. Budhayana

Several mathematical ideas that were later found by the western world were first introduced by him. He was the one who initially determined Pi’s value.

Budhayan’s Sulva Sutra (Salbasutra), which was published several years before Pythagoras’ time, has an earlier version of what is now known as the Pythagoras theorem.

Budyayana Sutra, which is divided into six portions, was written by him.

3. Mahaviracharya

The earliest textbook on mathematics in its modern form, Ganit Sara Sangraha, was written by Jain Guru Mahaviracharya in the year 850 AD.

In Jain literature, mathematics is described in great detail. He also provided a description of the present L.C.M. of numbers method.

Indians were therefore familiar with it long before John Napier made it known to the rest of the world.

4. Nagarjuna

He was a scientist from the 10th century(Not to be confused with the Buddhist Nagarjuna). His efforts were mostly aimed at alchemizing base materials into gold, much like the western world’s alchemists.

Despite the fact that he did not achieve his objective, he was able to create an element that shone like gold.

In his work, Rasaratnakara , he covered techniques for obtaining metals like gold, silver, tin, and copper.

In regard to surgery, he was a pioneer. Surgery, in his opinion, is “the highest division of healing art” and is also the least subject to error.

There are around 1100 ailments mentioned in the Susruta Samhita . There are descriptions of about 760 plants for therapeutic uses.

He went into great detail on the techniques used to preserve a dead body.

His greatest accomplishments were in the fields of ocular surgery and rhinoplasty (plastic surgery, particularly of the nose) (removal of cataracts). Additionally, it describes 101 surgical instruments.

6. Bhaskaracharya

His book Siddhanta Shiromani is well-known. Lilawati (arithmetic), Beejganit (algebra), Goladhyaya (sphere), and Grahaganit (mathematics of planets) are its four divisions.

He developed the cyclic approach, often known as the Chakrawat method, for solving algebraic equations.

Lilavati was translated by Englishman James Taylor in the 19th century, popularising this excellent literature.

The Bhaskara II satellite, named in honor of the mathematician and astronomer, was launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on November 20th, 1981.

The theory of atoms was developed by the ancient Indian naturalist and philosopher Acharya Kanada, also referred to as Kashyapa, 2500 years before John Dalton made his discovery.

He established the Indian philosophical Vaisheshika school, which embodied the oldest forms of Indian science.

He proposed an atomistic theory, using reasoning and realism to do so, making his school one of the oldest known systematic realist conceptions in human history.

He utilized this to explain the creation and existence of the cosmos.

8. Varahamihira

Varahamihira, an Indian mathematician, was born in the first half of the sixth century. Varahamihira, one of Chandragupta II’s nine gems (Navaratnas), was a citizen of Ujjain.

He wrote the five astronomical treatises referred to as Panchasiddhantaka . Varahamihira made more accurate calculations of the sine tables of Aryabhata.

Thanks to his writings like the Pancha Siddhantika (Five Principles), Brihatsamhita (Master Collection), and Brahjataka , he has been elevated to the same level as Kautilya, Manu, and Panini.

9. Aryabhatta

Aryabhatta was a fifth-century mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and physicist. He authored Aryabhattiya , the era’s reference work on mathematics. There are four sections to it.

Later, he also wrote Arya-Siddhanta.

Also read: CV Raman: The Visionary Scientist

Modern- Era

1. srinivasa ramnujam.

Born on December 22, 1887, Srinivasa Ramanujan was a child prodigy and an autodidact. He was unique because of his contributions to mathematics and his aptitude for working through complicated mathematical problems fast.

Despite lacking any formal education or experience in mathematics, he displayed great talent and motivated people all over the world with his self-taught efforts.

Every year, on December 22, National Mathematics Day is held in honor of Ramanujan.

2. Jagadish Chandra Bose

In the field of microwaves, he performed pioneering work and he is considered one of the great Indian scientists.

He invented the use of galena crystals to create receivers for white and ultraviolet light as well as short-wavelength radio waves.

Bose demonstrated wireless communication using radio waves in 1895, two years before Marconi’s demonstration, by using them to remotely strike a bell and ignite some gunpowder.

To find out if plants might feel and respond to stimuli in the same manner that people and other animals do, Jagadish Chandra Bose set out to conduct experiments. Bose developed a brand-new instrument he dubbed a crescograph to discover the solution by spotting exceedingly small motions in plant tissues.

Read:  Jagadish Chandra Bose

3. C.V Raman

He made significant contributions to the study of vibration, sound, musical instruments, ultrasonics, diffraction, photo electricity, colloidal particles, x-ray diffraction, magnetrons, and dielectrics, among other things.

His study on light scattering in particular during this time earned him international acclaim.

He received the Royal Society of London’s election as a fellow in 1924. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for the Raman Effect. In 1954, he received the Bharat Ratna, the highest honor bestowed by the GOI.

Read:  Sir CV Raman

4. Subramaniyam Chandrasekhar

The maximum mass of a white dwarf star, as demonstrated by him, is roughly 1.44 times that of the sun. The “Chandrasekhar limit” is what is signified by this. Away from this point, the stars become unstable after this point.

For his theoretical investigations of the physical processes crucial to the structure and evolution of stars, Chandrasekhar received the physics Nobel Prize in 1983 adding himself to the list of great Indian Scientists.

5. Satyendra Nath Bose

His area of expertise was mathematical physics as a physicist.

Bose published a study in 1924 that used a revolutionary method of counting states with identical particles to derive Planck’s quantum radiation equation while he was a reader at the University of Dhaka.

Bose’s conclusion contributes to the development of quantum statistics.

This led to the prediction of the presence of the dense boson collection known as the Bose-Einstein condensate, a form of matter. Bose-Einstein condensate was proven to exist in an experiment in 1995 making him one of the prominent figures among Indian Scientists.

6. Meghnad Saha

He was an Indian astrophysicist best known for creating the Saha education system, which was used to describe the chemical and physical properties of stars.

The oldest research institute in India, the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Sciences (IACS), appointed him as its first director. He founded the nuclear physics institute in 1947, which was eventually renamed the Saha Institute in his honor.

Saha’s equation was used to describe how stars are categorized according to their spectral types.

7. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis

He was a statistician and one of the great Indian scientists of the Modern era. His most famous contribution to science is the Mahalanobis distance.

He conducted groundbreaking anthropometry research in India.

He contributed to the creation of large-scale sample surveys and formed the Indian Statistical Institute.

8. Har Govind Khorana

Marshall Nirenberg, Robert Holley, and Khorana shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for deciphering the genetic code.

The biological language that all living things share was found to be written in three-letter words, with each set of three nucleotides standing for a distinct amino acid.

In addition, Dr. Khorana was the first to create oligonucleotides, which are long strings of nucleotides. Oligonucleotides are now essential tools for biotechnology and are frequently employed in biology labs for genetic engineering, cloning, and sequencing.

9. Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya

He is credited for developing the block irrigation system and the “automated sluice gates,” both of which are now regarded as engineering marvels.

Because of this, India celebrates Engineer’s Day on September 15, the day of his birth. He received the Bharat Ratna, the highest honor bestowed by the Republic of India.

Because he thinks that industry may help India develop, Sir M V pushed India to endeavor to catch up to industrialized nations.

Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, a well-known Indian engineer, philosopher, and statesman, served as the Diwan of Mysore from 1912 until 1918.

10. A.P.J Abdul Kalam

Indian scientist Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, who worked for DRDO and ISRO, was born on October 15, 1931.

As the director of the first Indian satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III), which successfully placed the Rohini satellite into low-Earth orbit in July 1980, Kalam joined the ISRO in 1969.

He served as India’s 11th President from 2002 until 2007. He has received various awards, including the prestigious Bharat Ratna in India.

11. Homi J Bhabha

On October 30, 1909, in Bombay, Homi Jehangir Bhabha was born. The Indian nuclear programme was founded by him. His contributions to the fields of cosmic radiation and quantum theory will never be forgotten.

He held the chairmanship of the Atomic Energy Commission as the first Indian to do so.

Bhabha is widely considered India’s founding father of nuclear power. Few people are aware that he vehemently opposed India’s ability to produce atomic bombs, even if it were possible.

Instead, he suggested using an atomic reactor to lessen India’s poverty and suffering.

He perished on January 24, 1966, when Air India Flight 101 went down close to Mont Blanc.

The quantum physics term “Bhabha scattering” was given to the cross-section of electron-positron scattering in his honor.

Click here to read more about India’s Achievements in Science and Technology and Indian Scientists

Article Written by: Jis John Sebastian

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Five of India's contributions to science

Here’s a look at some of the top contributions India has made to the science world over the centuries.

One of India’s most exciting scientific projects - a multi-million dollar observatory studying neutrino particles - has been given the go-ahead. Here’s a look at some of the top contributions India has made to the science world over the centuries.

The earliest mention of the concept of the atom dates back to India. A couple of popular schools of thought dating back to the 6th century BC developed theories about how atoms combined to form more complex objects. References to atoms in the West emerged about a century later.

Read more excellent articles on Science Focus:

• Three famous chemists who changed our understanding of the central science
• 10 amazing women in science history you really should know about

Zero was recognized as a number and not merely a symbol of separation amongst all other numbers in India. Basic calculations – including multiplications and divisions were already carried out considering zero as any other number from the 9th century AD.

Trigonometric functions

The functions of sine and cosine can be traced back to India. Although the study of trigonometry can be dated back to the ancient times, there is evidence that these two values were being used in the 5th century AD.

Modern decimal system

What we use as the modern decimal system was compiled in its entirety in India. Although other cultures had introduced some features of the numeric system beforehand, it was completed in India by the 9th century AD.

Chandrasekhar Limit

Indian Nobel Prize-winning physicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar discovered the calculation used to determine the future of what would happen to a dying star. If the star’s mass is less than the Chandrasekhar Limit it will shrink to become a white dwarf, and if it is great the star will explode, becoming a supernova.

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Famous Scientists

15 Famous Indian Scientists and their Inventions

By Scientist

From C. V. Raman to Salim Ali , the talents of Indian scientists and inventors have been fully established in many different areas, including physics, medicine, mathematics, chemistry and biology. Some of them have also contributed in a substantial way to advanced scientific research in many different regions of the world.

This article will discuss the famous Indian scientists and inventors throughout history and their wonderful contributions.

Prafulla Chandra Ray

Famous academician and chemist, known for being the founder of Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, India’s first pharmaceutical company.

Naturalist who helped develop Ornithology; also known as the “birdman of India”.

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Mathematician known for his brilliant contributions to contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series and continued fractions.

C. V. Raman

Physicist who won Nobel Prize in 1930 for his Raman Effect.

Homi Jehangir Bhabha

Theoretical physicist; best known as the chief architect of the Indian atomic energy program.

Jagadish Chandra Bose

Physicist, biologist and archaeologist who pioneered the investigation of radio and microwave optics.

Satyendra Nath Bose

Mathematician and physicist; best known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein in formulating a theory related to the gaslike qualities of electromagnetic radiation.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Known for his crucial role in the development of India’s missile and nuclear weapons programs.

Har Gobind Khorana

Biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in 1968 for demonstrating how the nucleotides in nucleic acids control the synthesis of proteins.

S.S. Abhyankar

Mathematician; famous for his outstanding contributions to algebraic geometry.

Meghnad Saha

Astrophysicist who developed the Saha equation, which explains chemical and physical conditions in stars.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Astrophysicist won the Nobel Prize in 1983 for his research on the evolutionary stages of massive stars.

A.M. Turing Award-winning computer scientist, best known for his work related to large scale artificial intelligence systems.

Birbal Sahni

Paleobotanist known for his research on the fossils of the Indian subcontinent.

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis

Statistician and physicist who founded the Indian Statistical Institute.

More from FamousScientists.org:

May 22, 2014 at 9:27 am

I like your collection it was good it helped me in my project of GK. I want to be an astrophysicist at nasa and want a comet or planet to be on my name.

April 28, 2014 at 1:26 pm

It helped me a lot in my Science Holiday’s Project Work.It is very interesting! It also helped me to learn many things about many scientists and their inventions. Thanx very much!…

March 16, 2014 at 11:32 am

I love science and scientists

February 26, 2014 at 3:25 pm

excellent work…

February 4, 2014 at 10:38 am

I am proud to have such successful Indian scientists… This makes us proud to look up towards success……. I am proud to be an Indian…… 🙂 ….. So lets raise our hands up and say JAI HO!!!!

February 4, 2014 at 10:33 am

Awesome …I must say….It is so knowledgeable and interesting!! ….I really love it…. 🙂 ….. 😉 …… 😛 …..

February 4, 2014 at 10:30 am

It was an amazing article about these famous Indian scientists… It was wonderful…..:)…….;)…….:P

February 4, 2014 at 10:27 am

I am really grateful to this website as it helped me to achieve more knowledge about famous scientists like Aryabhatta and C.V.Raman….Thanks to this website!… 🙂

January 29, 2014 at 11:23 am

YOUR ALL VERY GREAT when i will become like this scientist

January 21, 2014 at 3:39 pm

I m glad after reading this all i don’t know munch about our scientist invention after reading it i say it’s awesome yaar this article provide me so munch information

January 21, 2014 at 6:10 am

There are more Famous Indian Scientists which are ignored in this list i.e sushruta, Ayrabhatta etc.

January 20, 2014 at 10:24 am

Very good short summary about our great scientists in easy language.

January 15, 2014 at 12:40 pm

we must thank to god because we had brilliant scientist

January 11, 2014 at 5:03 am

I feel proud to be an INDIAN. But i also feel sad due to small numbers of these great scientists.

January 10, 2014 at 6:28 pm

Lot of thanks for the diamond of the world famous scientists I proud of them

January 10, 2014 at 6:56 am

THANKS VERY HELPFUL TO MY DAUGHTERS THANK U SO MUCH

January 6, 2014 at 1:07 pm

thanks to all scientists, who gives everything to us.

December 27, 2013 at 4:50 am

thankxxxxxx this saved my 20 marks

December 23, 2013 at 7:04 am

I am really proud of being a Indian child.This brillaint scientist gave me a inspiration for my future aim.

December 22, 2013 at 2:43 pm

very valuable information to the people thanks

December 1, 2013 at 1:57 am

A great salute and a great tribute to our world famous scientists ……….. thanks a lot for making us feel proud by seeing this website.

November 23, 2013 at 6:38 am

thanks a lot first of alll salute to this indian great scientist and i feel proud to be an indian i had added a 15 marks for my project

November 14, 2013 at 3:36 pm

very nice and the scientist done excellent invention to the nation

November 9, 2013 at 3:01 am

i am fill very proud to see information of such scientist and i want to became a scientist

November 8, 2013 at 4:49 am

THANKS so much for giving this info.

October 21, 2013 at 11:38 am

October 18, 2013 at 1:38 pm

thank sooo much i will get a nice grade in my hindi project u guys are rocking!!!!!!!!!!! 🙂 😉

October 14, 2013 at 4:52 am

actually in order to became a scientist how much iq we need to have

October 9, 2013 at 10:37 am

Thank u so much for giving information about great scientist.

October 9, 2013 at 10:29 am

First iam thankfull for this website, i had met A.P.J.KALAM in my college life , i would like to became great scientist like KALAM and i had confidence one or another day i will become great person.

October 8, 2013 at 7:22 am

i feel so much proud to be an indian ………………..thanx a lot…..

September 26, 2013 at 5:02 am

I am happy, being a Indian, we are safe and lucky by all scientiest.

September 24, 2013 at 6:43 am

ARYABHATT (476 CE) He is a Mathematician and master of Astronomy born in 476 CE in Kusumpur (Bihar), Aryabhatt’s intellectual brilliance remapped the boundaries of mathematics and astronomy. In 499 CE, at the age of 23, he wrote a text on astronomy and an unparallel treatise on mathematics called ‘Aryabhatiyam.’ He formulated the process of calculating the motion of planets and the time of eclipses. Aryabhatt was the first to proclaim that the earth is round, it rotates on its axis, orbits the sun and is suspended in space – 1000 years before Copernicus published his heliocentric theory. He is also acknowledged for calculating p (Pi) to four decimal places: 3.1416 and the sine table in trigonometry. Centuries later, in 825 CE, the Arab mathematician, Mohammed Ibna Musa credited the value of Pi to the Indians, ‘This value has been given by the Indians.’ And above all, his most spectacular contribution was the concept of zero without which modern computer technology would have been non-existent. Aryabhatt was a colossus in the field of mathematics.

September 19, 2013 at 2:17 pm

it is very much helpful for kids as well as high school students

August 28, 2013 at 5:02 pm

good, i will be a known person one day as like these scientist, good information

August 26, 2013 at 1:49 pm

hi ! you guys rock man…….fantastic……….i wish u a very good luck, to invent many more things………………….

August 26, 2013 at 1:47 pm

you guys rock man…….fantastic……….i wish u a very good luck, to invent many more things………………….

August 25, 2013 at 6:02 pm

thank you scientists!!!!!!!!

August 25, 2013 at 10:42 am

I m realy inspire by all scientists..Thanks

August 15, 2013 at 3:41 pm

we should be thankful to such peoples who make us familiar with such things ……….

August 13, 2013 at 4:47 pm

thanks alot. Really inspirational and able to demonstrate among schools and colleges………. Regards(tony)

August 13, 2013 at 8:08 am

This article helped me a lot. I really appreciate it.

August 12, 2013 at 7:51 am

Nice to see the info along with their photos. However, another 2-3 lines of info on their specific contribution(s) along with the year of contribution would have been much more useful.

I admire these inventors and proud to say I am India.

July 23, 2013 at 1:58 pm

i am really very proud of them.one-day my two sons must be one of them.

July 18, 2013 at 3:42 pm

I am very glad to know about bhartiya scientists….

July 17, 2013 at 2:03 pm

nice information . . . I wish . . One day in future my name is also added in this scientist list . . Hope it comes soon. .

July 16, 2013 at 9:51 am

very useful to our knowledge

July 10, 2013 at 4:32 pm

very proud to have many scientist like these great legends. . . . . . hope so in future many will be. . . . . .

July 9, 2013 at 3:42 pm

You are the gods of india

June 21, 2013 at 3:12 pm

I want to became a scientist because dicovery help to the people for everytime

June 20, 2013 at 9:27 am

Thanks for this website. This website is great.Because of it i got 10 out 10.

June 18, 2013 at 11:18 am

this information help me a lot and i feel so much proud to be an indian ……………!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1

June 15, 2013 at 6:53 am

I think that’s very informative. nice to read

May 29, 2013 at 3:32 am

i allways keep opening this sight. to get in touch with my great scientist. i really get very good information about my project from this sight.

May 29, 2013 at 3:28 am

i am very happy that i born in India i am proud to be an india . i want to walk on the footsteps of our great mathematician and scientist Srinivasa Ramanujan.i also want to be perfect in mathematics. i read in modern senior secondary school patiala, punjab.India, i am in ix- b class of my school

May 28, 2013 at 10:41 am

great thnx to sir CV Raman for his great discovery……

May 27, 2013 at 3:56 pm

thanks it was very helpful for my school homework.

May 27, 2013 at 3:00 am

I m very happy to know about my indian scientist

May 21, 2013 at 2:11 pm

I had met to A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. That time, I was the student in Government Inter College Moradabad & I have also his signature & please tell me how can I become a ”SCIENTIST”

May 18, 2013 at 5:59 pm

There r few nobel winner indian…. Bt..thanx

May 2, 2013 at 10:19 am

These people are not just scientists … they are adorable in every aspect as they fought with all the challenges/difficulties we have in our country and delivered excellence. This number is very small compared to western countries like America, Germany. Today is the time we have economic support and talent to compete with all these countries. Lets passionately work and make India again place of excellency.

April 30, 2013 at 6:28 am

A big salute to all these masters . . . . i can proudly say that im an indian 🙂

April 2, 2013 at 4:37 am

I am very proud of these scientists. keep updating the details . one day I will be one of these.

March 23, 2013 at 1:59 pm

WE SHOULD BE VERY THANKFUL TO OUR SCIENTISTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

March 22, 2013 at 2:12 pm

thanks for giving this information

March 14, 2013 at 6:26 am

S.Dinesh kag

Good for Gk Great to share the info keep updating the new………

March 10, 2013 at 2:38 pm

i am a small scientist i am 15years old boy my wish is to become a great scientist

January 20, 2013 at 7:32 am

Great Info About Great People Proud 2B Indian Long Life Great India!!! Keep Updating the Site

January 14, 2013 at 1:59 pm

thanks very good work

December 27, 2012 at 8:15 am

Thanks uncle. This information is very useful in future for me.

December 21, 2012 at 11:21 am

feeling happy to know about indian scientists

November 20, 2012 at 11:54 am

good job guys

November 1, 2012 at 3:27 pm

thank you very very much this saved my 15 marks

October 18, 2012 at 12:59 pm

Nice article…..{~_~}

October 8, 2012 at 4:16 pm

thanx a lot. very nice and perfect information.

October 5, 2012 at 4:11 pm

very informative!

September 17, 2012 at 10:51 am

I’m Feeling Proud to be an Indian

September 7, 2012 at 7:30 pm

Thanks for development

September 7, 2012 at 3:30 am

nice & nice word for people

August 21, 2012 at 4:33 pm

Very good. Keep updating the detils.

I too will be a known person one day.

July 31, 2012 at 11:29 am

ho this is great information i got 10 marks in my project bcoz of this website thanku very much

July 24, 2012 at 7:46 am

Thanks a lot for the information. Also required information about all indian scientist

June 4, 2012 at 12:26 pm

Good information available but you should give the information about all the Indian scientists also. But thank you.

June 1, 2012 at 10:36 am

Knowing the great Scientists through reading in this website is enriching experience. This website is a combination of many other great features including well researched quality information. The collection of wealthy information on famous scientists exert salutary influence.

May 29, 2012 at 2:18 pm

I Like to become a scientist.but i dont know how to become a scientist.will you tell how i become to be a scientist.

March 6, 2012 at 4:26 pm

can i ask a question about your invention? what is the advantages and disadvantages of your invention?

February 16, 2012 at 8:47 am

Gr8 info, Thaks a lot…

Alphabetical List of Scientists

Louis Agassiz | Maria Gaetana Agnesi | Al-Battani Abu Nasr Al-Farabi | Alhazen | Jim Al-Khalili | Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi | Mihailo Petrovic Alas | Angel Alcala | Salim Ali | Luis Alvarez | Andre Marie Ampère | Anaximander | Carl Anderson | Mary Anning | Virginia Apgar | Archimedes | Agnes Arber | Aristarchus | Aristotle | Svante Arrhenius | Oswald Avery | Amedeo Avogadro | Avicenna

Charles Babbage | Francis Bacon | Alexander Bain | John Logie Baird | Joseph Banks | Ramon Barba | John Bardeen | Charles Barkla | Ibn Battuta | William Bayliss | George Beadle | Arnold Orville Beckman | Henri Becquerel | Emil Adolf Behring | Alexander Graham Bell | Emile Berliner | Claude Bernard | Timothy John Berners-Lee | Daniel Bernoulli | Jacob Berzelius | Henry Bessemer | Hans Bethe | Homi Jehangir Bhabha | Alfred Binet | Clarence Birdseye | Kristian Birkeland | James Black | Elizabeth Blackwell | Alfred Blalock | Katharine Burr Blodgett | Franz Boas | David Bohm | Aage Bohr | Niels Bohr | Ludwig Boltzmann | Max Born | Carl Bosch | Robert Bosch | Jagadish Chandra Bose | Satyendra Nath Bose | Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe | Robert Boyle | Lawrence Bragg | Tycho Brahe | Brahmagupta | Hennig Brand | Georg Brandt | Wernher Von Braun | J Harlen Bretz | Louis de Broglie | Alexander Brongniart | Robert Brown | Michael E. Brown | Lester R. Brown | Eduard Buchner | Linda Buck | William Buckland | Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon | Robert Bunsen | Luther Burbank | Jocelyn Bell Burnell | Macfarlane Burnet | Thomas Burnet

Benjamin Cabrera | Santiago Ramon y Cajal | Rachel Carson | George Washington Carver | Henry Cavendish | Anders Celsius | James Chadwick | Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar | Erwin Chargaff | Noam Chomsky | Steven Chu | Leland Clark | John Cockcroft | Arthur Compton | Nicolaus Copernicus | Gerty Theresa Cori | Charles-Augustin de Coulomb | Jacques Cousteau | Brian Cox | Francis Crick | James Croll | Nicholas Culpeper | Marie Curie | Pierre Curie | Georges Cuvier | Adalbert Czerny

Gottlieb Daimler | John Dalton | James Dwight Dana | Charles Darwin | Humphry Davy | Peter Debye | Max Delbruck | Jean Andre Deluc | Democritus | René Descartes | Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel | Diophantus | Paul Dirac | Prokop Divis | Theodosius Dobzhansky | Frank Drake | K. Eric Drexler

John Eccles | Arthur Eddington | Thomas Edison | Paul Ehrlich | Albert Einstein | Gertrude Elion | Empedocles | Eratosthenes | Euclid | Eudoxus | Leonhard Euler

Michael Faraday | Pierre de Fermat | Enrico Fermi | Richard Feynman | Fibonacci – Leonardo of Pisa | Emil Fischer | Ronald Fisher | Alexander Fleming | John Ambrose Fleming | Howard Florey | Henry Ford | Lee De Forest | Dian Fossey | Leon Foucault | Benjamin Franklin | Rosalind Franklin | Sigmund Freud | Elizebeth Smith Friedman

Galen | Galileo Galilei | Francis Galton | Luigi Galvani | George Gamow | Martin Gardner | Carl Friedrich Gauss | Murray Gell-Mann | Sophie Germain | Willard Gibbs | William Gilbert | Sheldon Lee Glashow | Robert Goddard | Maria Goeppert-Mayer | Thomas Gold | Jane Goodall | Stephen Jay Gould | Otto von Guericke

Fritz Haber | Ernst Haeckel | Otto Hahn | Albrecht von Haller | Edmund Halley | Alister Hardy | Thomas Harriot | William Harvey | Stephen Hawking | Otto Haxel | Werner Heisenberg | Hermann von Helmholtz | Jan Baptist von Helmont | Joseph Henry | Caroline Herschel | John Herschel | William Herschel | Gustav Ludwig Hertz | Heinrich Hertz | Karl F. Herzfeld | George de Hevesy | Antony Hewish | David Hilbert | Maurice Hilleman | Hipparchus | Hippocrates | Shintaro Hirase | Dorothy Hodgkin | Robert Hooke | Frederick Gowland Hopkins | William Hopkins | Grace Murray Hopper | Frank Hornby | Jack Horner | Bernardo Houssay | Fred Hoyle | Edwin Hubble | Alexander von Humboldt | Zora Neale Hurston | James Hutton | Christiaan Huygens | Hypatia

Ernesto Illy | Jan Ingenhousz | Ernst Ising | Keisuke Ito

Mae Carol Jemison | Edward Jenner | J. Hans D. Jensen | Irene Joliot-Curie | James Prescott Joule | Percy Lavon Julian

Michio Kaku | Heike Kamerlingh Onnes | Pyotr Kapitsa | Friedrich August Kekulé | Frances Kelsey | Pearl Kendrick | Johannes Kepler | Abdul Qadeer Khan | Omar Khayyam | Alfred Kinsey | Gustav Kirchoff | Martin Klaproth | Robert Koch | Emil Kraepelin | Thomas Kuhn | Stephanie Kwolek

Joseph-Louis Lagrange | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck | Hedy Lamarr | Edwin Herbert Land | Karl Landsteiner | Pierre-Simon Laplace | Max von Laue | Antoine Lavoisier | Ernest Lawrence | Henrietta Leavitt | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | Inge Lehmann | Gottfried Leibniz | Georges Lemaître | Leonardo da Vinci | Niccolo Leoniceno | Aldo Leopold | Rita Levi-Montalcini | Claude Levi-Strauss | Willard Frank Libby | Justus von Liebig | Carolus Linnaeus | Joseph Lister | John Locke | Hendrik Antoon Lorentz | Konrad Lorenz | Ada Lovelace | Percival Lowell | Lucretius | Charles Lyell | Trofim Lysenko

Ernst Mach | Marcello Malpighi | Jane Marcet | Guglielmo Marconi | Lynn Margulis | Barry Marshall | Polly Matzinger | Matthew Maury | James Clerk Maxwell | Ernst Mayr | Barbara McClintock | Lise Meitner | Gregor Mendel | Dmitri Mendeleev | Franz Mesmer | Antonio Meucci | John Michell | Albert Abraham Michelson | Thomas Midgeley Jr. | Milutin Milankovic | Maria Mitchell | Mario Molina | Thomas Hunt Morgan | Samuel Morse | Henry Moseley

Ukichiro Nakaya | John Napier | Giulio Natta | John Needham | John von Neumann | Thomas Newcomen | Isaac Newton | Charles Nicolle | Florence Nightingale | Tim Noakes | Alfred Nobel | Emmy Noether | Christiane Nusslein-Volhard | Bill Nye

Hans Christian Oersted | Georg Ohm | J. Robert Oppenheimer | Wilhelm Ostwald | William Oughtred

Blaise Pascal | Louis Pasteur | Wolfgang Ernst Pauli | Linus Pauling | Randy Pausch | Ivan Pavlov | Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin | Wilder Penfield | Marguerite Perey | William Perkin | John Philoponus | Jean Piaget | Philippe Pinel | Max Planck | Pliny the Elder | Henri Poincaré | Karl Popper | Beatrix Potter | Joseph Priestley | Proclus | Claudius Ptolemy | Pythagoras

Adolphe Quetelet | Harriet Quimby | Thabit ibn Qurra

C. V. Raman | Srinivasa Ramanujan | William Ramsay | John Ray | Prafulla Chandra Ray | Francesco Redi | Sally Ride | Bernhard Riemann | Wilhelm Röntgen | Hermann Rorschach | Ronald Ross | Ibn Rushd | Ernest Rutherford

Carl Sagan | Abdus Salam | Jonas Salk | Frederick Sanger | Alberto Santos-Dumont | Walter Schottky | Erwin Schrödinger | Theodor Schwann | Glenn Seaborg | Hans Selye | Charles Sherrington | Gene Shoemaker | Ernst Werner von Siemens | George Gaylord Simpson | B. F. Skinner | William Smith | Frederick Soddy | Mary Somerville | Arnold Sommerfeld | Hermann Staudinger | Nicolas Steno | Nettie Stevens | William John Swainson | Leo Szilard

Niccolo Tartaglia | Edward Teller | Nikola Tesla | Thales of Miletus | Theon of Alexandria | Benjamin Thompson | J. J. Thomson | William Thomson | Henry David Thoreau | Kip S. Thorne | Clyde Tombaugh | Susumu Tonegawa | Evangelista Torricelli | Charles Townes | Youyou Tu | Alan Turing | Neil deGrasse Tyson

Harold Urey

Craig Venter | Vladimir Vernadsky | Andreas Vesalius | Rudolf Virchow | Artturi Virtanen | Alessandro Volta

Selman Waksman | George Wald | Alfred Russel Wallace | John Wallis | Ernest Walton | James Watson | James Watt | Alfred Wegener | John Archibald Wheeler | Maurice Wilkins | Thomas Willis | E. O. Wilson | Sven Wingqvist | Sergei Winogradsky | Carl Woese | Friedrich Wöhler | Wilbur and Orville Wright | Wilhelm Wundt

Chen-Ning Yang

Ahmed Zewail

List of Great Indian Scientists who changed the World by their Contributions

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List of Great Indian Scientists of India and Their Inventions

Indian scientists play a fascinating role in our daily lives, often going unnoticed. Think about it – from our cool gadgets to the essential technologies we can’t imagine living without, everything we enjoy today is thanks to the wonders of science and technology. It makes you wonder, what would our world be like if none of these incredible inventions existed? Do we ever stop and appreciate the brilliant Indian minds behind these innovations who’ve made our lives so much easier? Well, here’s a list of 14 remarkable Indian scientists who have gained global recognition for their contributions.

Read More: List of Top 10 Most Famous Indian Mathematicians and Their Contributions

1. cv raman.

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, a distinguished Indian scientist, born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirapalli, made a significant mark in the world of science and earned the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930. He received this prestigious honor for his groundbreaking work as an Indian scientist on the scattering of light, which revolutionized our understanding of how light behaves when it interacts with matter. Raman’s achievement was not only remarkable in itself but also historic, as he became the first Asian scientist to ever receive a Nobel Prize in the field of sciences.

In addition to his pioneering research on light, Raman, as an Indian scientist, also ventured into the field of acoustics, particularly the study of musical instruments. His inquisitive mind led him to explore the harmonic properties of traditional Indian drums such as the tabla and the mridangam. Through his work, he unveiled the intricate and melodious nature of the sound produced by these instruments, shedding new light on the science of music.

One of Raman’s most enduring legacies, as an Indian scientist, is the discovery that when light traverses a transparent substance, a portion of the scattered light undergoes a change in its wavelength. This phenomenon, now known as Raman scattering or the Raman effect, has been instrumental in a wide range of scientific applications, including the analysis of materials and the study of molecular structures.

Raman’s dedication to his work was unwavering, as evidenced by a remarkable event in his life. In October 1970, he, an Indian scientist, collapsed in his laboratory, and doctors gave him a mere four hours to live. Despite this dire prognosis, Raman, as a dedicated Indian scientist, defied the odds and not only survived but chose to leave the hospital after a few days. He decided to spend his final moments in the serene surroundings of his institute, the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore, where he cherished his beloved flowers.

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, a distinguished Indian scientist, eventually passed away due to natural causes on November 21, 1970. His legacy lives on not only in his groundbreaking scientific contributions but also in his heartfelt message to his students. He encouraged them not to allow the journals of the Academy to fade away, emphasizing their role as sensitive indicators of the quality of scientific work in the country and the vitality of the scientific community. Raman’s commitment to the pursuit of knowledge and his passion for science continue to inspire generations of scientists and researchers to this day.

2. Homi J. Bhabha

Homi Jehangir Bhabha, a celebrated Indian scientist, born on October 30, 1909, in Bombay, made significant contributions to the field of Quantum Theory. His remarkable career left an indelible mark on the scientific landscape of India.

One of Bhabha’s most notable achievements was becoming the first Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India. His scientific journey commenced in the domain of nuclear physics in Great Britain, where he honed his expertise as an Indian scientist. Upon his return to India, he assumed a pivotal role in persuading influential figures within the Congress Party, most prominently Jawaharlal Nehru, to embark on an ambitious nuclear program for the nation, highlighting his role as an influential Indian scientist.

Bhabha is widely recognized as the visionary Indian scientist responsible for laying the foundation of Indian nuclear power. However, what’s less known is his unwavering stance against India developing atomic weapons, even if the country possessed the necessary resources. Instead, he advocated for the utilization of atomic reactors to alleviate the suffering and poverty prevalent in India, exemplifying his commitment as an Indian scientist to the betterment of society.

Tragically, the world lost this eminent Indian scientist in a fateful event. On January 24, 1966, Air India Flight 101, carrying Homi Jehangir Bhabha, crashed near Mont Blanc, resulting in the untimely demise of this prominent Indian scientist. The circumstances surrounding the crash spurred various theories, including a conspiracy hypothesis implicating the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in an alleged attempt to thwart India’s nuclear program, highlighting the global impact of his work as an Indian scientist.

Bhabha’s legacy endures, not only as a pioneer in nuclear science but also as a proponent of utilizing scientific advancements for the betterment of society and the alleviation of poverty, showcasing the humanitarian dimension of his work as an Indian scientist. His enduring vision continues to inspire the scientific community and underscores the importance of ethical and humanitarian considerations in the realm of scientific progress.

3. Visvesvaraya

Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, one of the great scientists of India, born on September 15, 1860, is a distinguished figure in Indian history, renowned for his multifaceted contributions as an engineer, scholar, statesman, and his role as the Diwan of Mysore from 1912 to 1918. His exceptional achievements earned him the highest honor in the Indian Republic, the Bharat Ratna, cementing his place among the great scientists of India.

A visionary thinker, Sir M. V. Visvesvaraya, one of the great scientists of India, emphasized that India should strive to achieve parity with industrialized nations, firmly believing that industrialization was the path to India’s development and prosperity. His vision as one of the great scientists of India laid the foundation for India’s progress.

Among his many accomplishments, Visvesvaraya’s innovative creations, as one of the great scientists of India, stand out. He is credited with the invention of ‘automatic sluice gates’ and the ‘block irrigation system,’ engineering marvels that continue to be highly regarded in their fields. These contributions, among those of the great scientists of India, have had a lasting impact on water management and irrigation practices.

Sir M. V. Visvesvaraya’s legacy extends to the annual celebration of Engineer’s Day in India, held on his birthday, September 15. This day serves as a tribute to his remarkable achievements and the enduring influence of his work, a tradition established by the great scientists of India.

One of his pioneering solutions, developed in 1895, involved the efficient filtration of water through ‘Collector Wells,’ a groundbreaking technique developed by one of the great scientists of India. This not only addressed the issue of costly riverbed filtration but was also a rare innovation seen anywhere in the world. His dedication to finding practical solutions to real-world problems has left an indelible mark on the field of engineering, contributing to his legacy among the great scientists of India.

In summary, Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya’s life and work, as one of the great scientists of India, epitomize the spirit of innovation and commitment to progress. His contributions, like those of other great scientists of India, continue to inspire engineers and scientists, and his legacy is celebrated annually on Engineer’s Day in India.

4. Venkatraman Radhakrishnan

Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, one of the famous Indian scientists, born on May 18, 1929, in Tondaripet, a suburb of Chennai, was a revered figure in the field of space science. Notably, he held membership in the prestigious Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, a testament to his international recognition and influence as one of the famous Indian scientists.

Radhakrishnan’s reputation, like that of other famous Indian scientists, extended far beyond his contributions as an astrophysicist. He was a polymath, known for his ingenuity in designing and building ultralight aircraft and sailboats, showcasing his versatile talents and interests, a characteristic shared with other famous Indian scientists.

His scientific endeavors, like those of other famous Indian scientists, made a profound impact on our understanding of the cosmos. Through his observations and theoretical insights, he played a crucial role in unraveling numerous enigmas related to pulsars, interstellar clouds, galaxy structures, and a multitude of celestial bodies. His work expanded our knowledge of the universe and contributed significantly to the field of astrophysics, a contribution shared by other famous Indian scientists.

Tragically, this eminent Indian scientist, among the famous Indian scientists, passed away at the age of 81 in Bangalore. Venkatraman Radhakrishnan’s legacy, like that of other famous Indian scientists, lives on as a symbol of scientific excellence and his invaluable contributions to the exploration of the universe. His work, like that of other famous Indian scientists, continues to inspire future generations of scientists and researchers in the field of astrophysics.

5. S. Chandrashekar

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, an eminent Indian scientist known by his name, is one of the famous Indian scientists, born on October 19, 1910, in Lahore, British India. He is an eminent figure in the world of physics. He gained widespread recognition when he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1983, an honor bestowed upon him for his groundbreaking mathematical theory related to black holes, as acknowledged by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name. His significant contributions led to the creation of the “Chandrasekhar limit,” a concept named in his honor, emphasizing the impact of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name on the field of astrophysics.

Notably, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar had a familial connection to another notable scientist, C. V. Raman, as he was Raman’s nephew, further highlighting the scientific legacy associated with Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name.

Chandrasekhar’s most celebrated and influential work revolved around the radiation of energy from stars, with a particular focus on white dwarf stars, as recognized by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name. These celestial bodies represent the remnants of stars in their final stages of life. His research in this area contributed significantly to our understanding of how stars evolve and release energy, a legacy marked by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name.

Tragically, this brilliant physicist passed away on August 21, 1995, at the age of 82 in Chicago, marking the end of a remarkable career and a lifetime of scientific achievements, underlining the significance of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s work has left an enduring legacy in the field of astrophysics and continues to inspire scientists and researchers worldwide, preserving the memory of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar’s name.

6. Satyendra Nath Bose

Born on January 1, 1894, in Calcutta, Satyendra Nath Bose was a distinguished Indian physicist who specialized in the field of quantum mechanics. His most enduring legacy is associated with the class of particles known as “bosons,” a term coined in his honor by the renowned physicist Paul Dirac, recognizing Bose’s significant contributions to this domain.

Bose’s remarkable journey into the world of physics began when he adapted a lecture he delivered at the University of Dhaka on the theory of radiation and the “ultraviolet catastrophe” into a concise article titled “Planck’s Law and the Hypothesis of Light Quanta.” This article was sent to none other than Albert Einstein, a giant in the field of physics. Einstein, after reviewing Bose’s work, found merit in it and proceeded to translate the article into German. The translated work, “Planck’s Law and Hypothesis of Light Quanta,” was then published in Zeitschrift für Physik, with Bose’s name attached to it, in 1924. This groundbreaking collaboration between Bose and Einstein laid the foundation for what would become known as Bose-Einstein Statistics, a fundamental concept in the realm of quantum mechanics.

The significance of Bose’s contributions extended beyond the world of science. In 1937, the illustrious poet and philosopher Rabindranath Tagore dedicated his only book on science, “Visva–Parichay,” to Satyendra Nath Bose, acknowledging the profound impact of Bose’s work. Additionally, the Government of India recognized his exceptional achievements by bestowing upon him the Padma Vibhushan, India’s second-highest civilian award, in 1954.

Satyendra Nath Bose’s scientific and intellectual pursuits continue to inspire both the scientific community and the nation. His contributions to quantum mechanics, immortalized in the term “bosons,” remain a vital part of our understanding of the subatomic world, and his work serves as a source of pride for India and the world of physics.

7. Meghnad Saha

Meghnad Saha, born on October 6, 1893, in Dhaka, Bangladesh, made enduring contributions to the fields of astrophysics and river planning in India, leaving a significant mark on both scientific and infrastructure development.

Saha’s most renowned work centered around the thermal ionization of chemical elements, and his research culminated in the formulation of what is now called the “Saha Equation.” This equation holds a pivotal role in astrophysics, serving as a fundamental tool for interpreting the spectra of stars. By analyzing the spectral lines emitted by stars, scientists can deduce vital information, such as the star’s temperature. Utilizing Saha’s equation, they can further determine the ionization state of the various chemical elements composing the star. This profound insight revolutionized our ability to study and comprehend the properties of celestial bodies.

Beyond his contributions to astrophysics, Saha demonstrated his innovative spirit by inventing an instrument capable of measuring the weight and pressure of solar rays, expanding our capacity to study and harness solar energy.

However, Saha’s talents extended far beyond the realms of astrophysics and solar research. He played a pivotal role in shaping the development of India’s infrastructure as the chief architect of river planning in the country. In this capacity, he meticulously crafted the original plan for the Damodar Valley Project, a significant initiative aimed at harnessing the region’s water resources for irrigation, flood control, and power generation.

Meghnad Saha’s legacy remains a testament to the power of scientific inquiry and visionary thinking. His Saha Equation continues to be an indispensable tool in astrophysics, enabling scientists to unlock the secrets of the stars. Furthermore, his contributions to solar research and his pivotal role in river planning demonstrate his diverse talents and the profound impact he had on India’s scientific and infrastructure development.

8. Srinivasa Ramanujan

Born on December 22, 1887, in Tamil Nadu, Srinivasa Ramanujan was an extraordinary Indian mathematician and autodidact who, despite minimal formal training in pure mathematics, left an indelible mark on the fields of mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions.

Ramanujan’s early aptitude for mathematics was nothing short of exceptional. By the age of 11, he had already surpassed the mathematical knowledge of two college students who resided in his home as lodgers. His intellectual hunger and passion for math were remarkable.

A pivotal moment in Ramanujan’s journey came when he was lent a book on advanced trigonometry authored by S. L. Loney. Astonishingly, he not only devoured the content but also embarked on a journey of self-discovery, formulating sophisticated theorems independently, all before the age of 13. This early display of genius was a harbinger of the groundbreaking work he would later contribute to the field of mathematics.

Ramanujan’s life was not without challenges. While living in England, he faced significant health problems, exacerbated by the scarcity of vegetarian food options that suited his dietary restrictions. Eventually, his health deteriorated, compelling him to return to India. Tragically, Ramanujan’s life was cut short, and he passed away at the tender age of 32.

Today, Ramanujan’s home state of Tamil Nadu celebrates December 22, Ramanujan’s birthday, as ‘State IT Day.’ This commemoration not only honors the man himself but also serves as a tribute to his incredible achievements and the enduring impact of his work. Srinivasa Ramanujan’s legacy stands as a testament to the limitless potential of human intellect and the transformative power of mathematics.

9. Jagadish Chandra Bose

Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose, born on November 30, 1858, in Bikrampur, West Bengal, was a true polymath, excelling in numerous fields including physics, biology, botany, and archaeology. His remarkable contributions spanned a wide spectrum of disciplines and significantly impacted the development of science in the Indian subcontinent.

One of Bose’s pioneering achievements was in the realm of radio and microwave optics. He laid the foundation for the study of these subjects and was notably the first individual to utilize semiconductor junctions for the detection of radio signals. This groundbreaking work marked the inception of wireless communication, a technology that would later revolutionize the world. What’s particularly remarkable about Bose is his open approach to technology and innovation. He freely shared his inventions and research, choosing not to patent his work. His commitment to the open exchange of knowledge set an inspiring precedent.

Among his inventions, the crescograph stands out. This ingenious device enabled Bose to measure the responses of plants to various stimuli, leading to the hypothesis that plants could experience sensations such as pain and respond to affection. His pioneering work in this area was instrumental in shaping our understanding of plant biology.

While Acharya J.C. Bose is primarily celebrated for his scientific achievements, he also made a noteworthy foray into the world of literature, particularly as an early writer of science fiction. He is often recognized as the father of Bengali science fiction, showcasing the depth and diversity of his intellectual talents.

Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose’s multifaceted contributions have left an enduring legacy, both in the scientific realm and in the broader cultural and literary landscape. His open and collaborative approach to science and his pioneering work continue to inspire scientists, researchers, and creators alike.

10. Vikram Sarabhai

Vikram Sarabhai, born on August 12, 1919, in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, is rightfully hailed as the “Father of India’s space program.” His visionary leadership and unwavering commitment to scientific progress have left an indelible mark on India’s scientific landscape.

Sarabhai’s pivotal contribution came with the establishment of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). At a time ( race against time phrase meaning ) when the world was witnessing the launch of the Russian Sputnik, he successfully convinced the Indian government of the significance of a space program for a developing nation. In his famous statement, he articulated the purpose of India’s space endeavors, emphasizing that the nation did not aim to compete with advanced countries in exploring celestial bodies but rather to harness advanced technologies for addressing real societal challenges. This vision underscored the pragmatic and utilitarian nature of India’s space program.

Sarabhai’s contributions were not limited to space exploration alone. He received the Padma Bhushan in 1966 and the Padma Vibhushan posthumously in 1972, recognizing his exceptional service to the nation. While he is widely acknowledged for his pivotal role in founding ISRO, his influence extended beyond the realm of space research. He played a crucial role in establishing other renowned Indian institutions, most notably the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A), and the Nehru Foundation for Development.

Vikram Sarabhai’s legacy is marked by his foresight, dedication, and the profound impact of his vision on India’s scientific and educational landscape. His pioneering spirit continues to inspire generations of scientists, scholars, and leaders, both in India and around the world.

11. Salim Ali

Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali, born on November 12, 1896, in Mumbai, was a distinguished ornithologist and a devoted naturalist. His lifelong passion for birds and nature would ultimately make him a significant figure in the world of Indian ornithology.

Salim Ali can be aptly called the “Birdman of India” for his pioneering work in systematically surveying the avian species across the vast landscape of India. His comprehensive bird books served as crucial resources in advancing the study of ornithology in the Indian subcontinent. Through his meticulous surveys and publications, he not only enriched our understanding of Indian birds but also inspired countless individuals to delve into the field of ornithology.

Beyond his scientific contributions, Salim Ali played a pivotal role in shaping the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) after India gained independence in 1947. His personal influence and advocacy were instrumental in securing government support for the organization. Under his leadership, the BNHS continued to thrive and contribute significantly to the conservation and study of India’s rich biodiversity.

In recognition of his exceptional contributions to the field of ornithology and his unwavering dedication to the natural world, Salim Ali received India’s second-highest civilian honor, the Padma Vibhushan, in 1976. His legacy endures as an inspiration to both scientists and conservationists, reminding us of the importance of understanding and preserving the rich birdlife and natural heritage of India. Salim Ali’s life and work remain a testament to the power of passion and dedication in advancing the fields of science and conservation.

12. Har Gobind Khorana

Har Gobind Khorana, born on January 9, 1922, in Raipur village, West Punjab (now in Pakistan), was a prominent Indian-American biochemist whose groundbreaking research led to significant advancements in our understanding of genetics and the synthesis of artificial genes. His work not only earned him the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine but also laid the foundation for critical developments in biotechnology and gene therapy.

Khorana’s Nobel Prize-winning research, which he shared with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley, delved into the role of nucleic acids in controlling the synthesis of proteins within a cell. His work clarified how the sequence of nucleotides in nucleic acids, which contain the genetic code of a cell, influences the process of protein synthesis. This discovery was a major breakthrough in the field of molecular biology, deepening our comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms governing life.

In 1970, Khorana achieved another remarkable milestone by becoming the first scientist to successfully synthesize an artificial gene within a living cell. This achievement revolutionized biotechnology and gene therapy, opening up new avenues for the development of treatments and technologies that have since transformed the field of genetics.

Few people are aware that in 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Government of India (Department of Biotechnology), and the Indo-US Science and Technology Forum jointly established the Khorana Program. This program is dedicated to fostering collaboration between scientists, industrialists, and social entrepreneurs in the United States and India, with the aim of advancing scientific research and innovation.

Tragically, Har Gobind Khorana passed away from natural causes on November 9, 2011, at the age of 89. His enduring legacy as a pioneering biochemist continues to influence and inspire scientific advancements in genetics, biotechnology, and beyond.

13. Birbal Sahni

Birbal Sahni, born on November 14, 1891, in West Punjab, was a renowned Indian paleobotanist whose multifaceted interests extended to geology and archaeology. His lasting legacy is firmly rooted in his comprehensive exploration of the plant life of India, both in its contemporary context and its historical dimension.

Birbal Sahni’s remarkable achievements were widely recognized, and in 1936, he earned one of the most esteemed honors in British science, being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS). His election marked a historic moment as he became the first Indian botanist to receive this prestigious distinction, highlighting the international recognition of his work.

Sahni’s dedication to paleobotany led to the founding of The Paleobotanical Society. This society played a pivotal role in establishing the Institute of Palaeobotany on September 10, 1946. Initially, the institute operated within the Botany Department of Lucknow University. The institute would go on to become a renowned center for paleobotanical research and a testament to Sahni’s vision and commitment to advancing this field.

Tragically, the scientific community lost this eminent Indian scientist on April 10, 1949, when he suffered a heart attack. His contributions to the study of ancient plant life and his role in founding critical institutions continue to shape our understanding of botany, paleobotany, and the scientific heritage of India. Birbal Sahni’s legacy lives on, inspiring future generations of scientists and researchers.

14. APJ Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, born on October 15, 1931, is a renowned Indian scientist who made significant contributions as an aerospace engineer within two of India’s premier research organizations: the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Kalam’s illustrious career began with the design of a small helicopter tailored for the Indian Army, reflecting his early foray into aerospace engineering. His association with the INCOSPAR committee, led by the celebrated space scientist Vikram Sarabhai, marked the start of his involvement in India’s space program. In 1969, Kalam transitioned to ISRO and assumed the role of project director for India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). Under his leadership, this project culminated in the successful deployment of the Rohini satellite into near-Earth orbit in July 1980, a significant milestone in India’s space exploration endeavors.

Apart from his pioneering contributions to science and technology, Kalam also served as the 11th President of India, holding the office from 2002 to 2007. He was a visionary leader who advocated ambitious plans for India’s progress, as detailed in his book “India 2020.” His vision aimed to transform India into a developed nation by the year 2020, emphasizing the country’s development across various sectors.

Kalam’s outstanding achievements earned him numerous prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor, in recognition of his exceptional contributions to the nation. Beyond his scientific and political roles, Kalam was widely admired for his affection for children and his dedication to education. After stepping down from the position of scientific adviser in 1999, he set a remarkable goal of personally meeting 100,000 students within two years, reflecting his passion for inspiring and nurturing young minds.

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s enduring legacy continues to serve as a beacon of inspiration to millions, reflecting his dedication to science, education, and the betterment of India’s future.

In this exploration of the groundbreaking contributions by some of the famous scientists of India, we have delved into the remarkable work of these renowned individuals who have left an indelible mark in the world of science. From their pioneering inventions to their profound theories, these famous scientists in India have significantly advanced our understanding of various fields. As we celebrate the legacy of these famous scientists in India, their remarkable achievements serve as a testament to the rich tradition of scientific excellence in the country. Through the exemplary work of these famous scientists of India, they have not only enriched our knowledge but have also inspired future generations to continue pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery. This list of great Indian scientists and their inventions showcases the invaluable contributions of these remarkable individuals and their enduring impact on the world of science.

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Essay on Srinivasa Ramanujan

500 words essay on srinivasa ramanujan.

Srinivasa Ramanujan is one of the world’s greatest mathematicians of all time. Furthermore, this man, from a poor Indian family, rose to prominence in the field of mathematics. This essay on Srinivasa Ramanujan will throw more light on the life of this great personality.

                                                                                             Essay On Srinivasa Ramanujan

Early Life of Srinivasa Ramanujan

Ramanujan was born in Erode on December 22, 1887, in his grandmother’s house.  Furthermore, he went to primary school in Kumbakonamwas when he was five years old.  Moreover, he would attend several different primary schools before his entry took place to the Town High School in Kumbakonam in January 1898.

At the Town High School, Ramanujan proved himself as a talented student and did well in all of his school subjects. In 1900, he became involved with mathematics and began summing geometric and arithmetic series on his own.

In the Town High School, Ramanujan began reading a mathematics book called ‘Synopsis of Elementary Results in Pure Mathematics’. Furthermore, this book was by G. S. Carr.

With the help of this book, Ramanujan began to teach himself mathematics . Furthermore, the book contained theorems, formulas and short proofs. It also contained an index to papers on pure mathematics.

His Contribution to Mathematics

By 1904, Ramanujan’s focus was on deep research. Moreover, an investigation took place by him of the series (1/n). Moreover, calculation took place by him of Euler’s constant to 15 decimal places. This was entirely his own independent discovery.

Ramanujan gained a scholarship because of his outstanding performance in his studies. Consequently, he was a brilliant student at Kumbakonam’s Government College. Moreover, his fascination and passion for mathematics kept on growing.

In the spring of 1913, there was the presentation of Ramanujan’s work to British mathematicians by Narayana Iyer, Ramachandra Rao and E. W. Middlemast. Afterwards, M.J.M Hill did not made an offer to take Ramanujan on as a student, rather, he provided professional advice to him. With the help of friends, Ramanujan sent letters to leading mathematicians at Cambridge University and was ultimately selected.

Ramanujan spent a significant time period of five years at Cambridge. At Cambridge, collaboration took place of Ramanujan with Hardy and Littlewood. Most noteworthy, the publishing of his findings took place there.

Ramanujan received the honour of a Bachelor of Arts by Research degree in March 1916. This honour was due to his work on highly composite numbers, sections of the first part whose publishing had taken place the preceding year. Moreover, the paper’s size was more than fifty pages long.

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Conclusion of the Essay on Srinivasa Ramanujan

Srinivasa Ramanujan is a man whose contributions to the field of mathematics are unmatchable. Furthermore, experts in mathematics worldwide all recognize his tremendous worth. Most noteworthy, Srinivasa Ramanujan made his country proud at a time when India was still under British occupation.

FAQs For Essay on Srinivasa Ramanujan

Question 1: What is Srinivasa Ramanujan famous for?

Answer 1: Srinivas Ramanujan is famous for his discoveries that have influenced several areas of mathematics. Furthermore, he is famous for his contributions to number theory and infinite series. Moreover, he came up with fascinating formulas that facilitate in the calculation of the digits of pi in unusual ways.

Question 2: What is the special quality of number 1729 discovered by Srinivasa Ramanujan?

Answer 2:  Srinivas Ramanujan discovered that the number 1729 had a special characteristic.  Furthermore, this quality is that the number 1729 is the only number whose expression can take place as the sum of the cubes of two different sets of numbers. Consequently, people call 1729 the magic number.

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Indian Scientists Chart : 20 Famous Indian Scientists Who Changed the World

In this blog post, we proudly present an exclusive Indian Scientists Chart that showcases the remarkable achievements and groundbreaking discoveries made by these exceptional minds.

Welcome to an exciting journey through the annals of scientific greatness, where we will explore the inspiring contributions of renowned Indian scientists.

This blog “Indian Scientists Chart” will provide the summery of the invaluable efforts and ingenuity of these visionaries, whose dedication to unraveling the mysteries of the universe has significantly shaped our understanding of the world we inhabit. Their stories are a testament to the boundless potential that education, passion, and perseverance hold for every individual.

So, join us on this illuminating expedition as we celebrate the extraordinary achievements of Indian scientists, their resilience, and their profound contributions to humanity. Let us be inspired to embrace curiosity, curiosity, and intellectual pursuit, just like these remarkable minds who have charted the course of innovation and scientific discovery.

Table of Contents

20 Famous Indian Scientists Chart

From astronomy to medicine, physics to mathematics, India has nurtured a galaxy of scientific geniuses who have left an indelible mark on the global scientific community.

In this blog post, we will explore the groundbreaking contributions of seven eminent Indian scientists, shedding light on their life’s work and the lasting impact they have had on their respective fields. From C.V. Raman’s groundbreaking discovery of the Raman Effect to the mathematical brilliance of Srinivasa Ramanujan, each scientist’s journey is a captivating narrative of determination and brilliance.

1. C.V. Raman

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, commonly known as C.V. Raman, was a renowned Indian scientist and physicist. He was born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirappalli, India. Raman made significant contributions to the field of science, particularly in the study of light scattering.

In 1928, he discovered the “Raman Effect,” which demonstrated the change in the frequency of light when it passes through a transparent material. This groundbreaking discovery earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, making him the first Asian to receive this prestigious award.

Throughout his career, Raman held various academic and research positions, including serving as the director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore. He was deeply passionate about science education and research, and his work continues to inspire generations of scientists in India and around the world. C.V. Raman’s legacy remains an integral part of India’s scientific heritage.

2. Homi Jehangir Bhabha

Homi Jehangir Bhabha was a brilliant Indian scientist and a pioneer in the field of nuclear physics. He was born on October 30, 1909, in Bombay, India. Bhabha’s passion for science led him to pursue his studies in Cambridge and later at the Indian Institute of Science.

He made significant contributions to the understanding of cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles from space. Bhabha also played a crucial role in establishing India’s first atomic research institution, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), in 1945. His efforts laid the foundation for India’s nuclear program and its advancements in scientific research.

Tragically, he lost his life in an airplane crash in 1966, but his legacy continues to inspire generations of Indian scientists. Homi J. Bhabha’s unwavering dedication and pioneering work have left an indelible mark on India’s scientific landscape.

3. Vikram Sarabhai

Vikram Sarabhai was an eminent Indian scientist, often regarded as the father of India’s space program. Born on August 12, 1919, in Ahmedabad, India, he had a deep passion for science from a young age. He pursued his education in physics and astronomy, earning a doctorate from the University of Cambridge.

Sarabhai believed that science and technology could play a crucial role in India’s development. He founded the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969, aiming to harness space technology for national progress. Under his visionary leadership, India launched its first satellite, Aryabhata, in 1975.

He also played a pivotal role in establishing various scientific institutions, including the Physical Research Laboratory and the Indian Institute of Management. Vikram Sarabhai’s dedication and pioneering efforts paved the way for India’s remarkable achievements in space exploration, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to inspire generations of scientists and researchers.

4. Srinivasa Ramanujan

Srinivasa Ramanujan was an extraordinary Indian mathematician who lived in the early 20th century. Despite facing numerous challenges, he made significant contributions to the field of mathematics.

Born in a small village in South India, Ramanujan’s passion for numbers and patterns was evident from a young age. With little formal education, he independently explored complex mathematical concepts and discovered remarkable theorems. His work was so exceptional that it caught the attention of prominent mathematicians in England, including G.H. Hardy.

Ramanujan’s collaboration with Hardy led to groundbreaking research in areas like number theory, infinite series, and modular forms. His ingenious insights and profound results enriched mathematics, earning him recognition as a genius. Tragically, Ramanujan’s life was cut short at the age of 32, but his legacy continues to inspire aspiring mathematicians worldwide, showcasing the power of raw talent and dedication in the pursuit of knowledge.

5. Jagadish Chandra Bose

Jagadish Chandra Bose was an eminent Indian scientist who lived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a polymath, excelling in various fields like physics, biology, and botany. Bose is widely regarded as one of the pioneers in the study of radio waves, demonstrating that they can transmit signals without the need for wires. His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for modern wireless communication technology.

Apart from his contributions to physics, Jagadish Chandra Bose was also a keen botanist. He conducted extensive research on plants and demonstrated that they, too, have feelings and respond to various stimuli. This led to the discovery of the “nervous system” in plants, long before such concepts gained wider acceptance.

Bose’s accomplishments as a scientist were remarkable, and he always emphasized the importance of using science for the benefit of humanity. His work continues to inspire generations of scientists and stands as a testament to the power of curiosity and determination in advancing human knowledge.

6. Satyendra Nath Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose was an Indian physicist who made significant contributions to the field of quantum mechanics. Born on January 1, 1894, in Kolkata, India, he showed an early passion for mathematics and science. His groundbreaking work on statistics led to the development of a new type of particles known as “Bose-Einstein particles.” Collaborating with Albert Einstein, Bose provided the foundation for the theory of Bose-Einstein condensates, a unique state of matter with extraordinary properties.

Despite facing challenges and limited resources, Bose’s dedication to his research and his ingenious ideas earned him recognition and respect in the scientific community. His work continues to influence modern physics and has paved the way for advancements in various fields, including condensed matter physics and quantum computing. Satyendra Nath Bose’s legacy remains a source of inspiration for aspiring scientists worldwide.

7. Har Gobind Khorana

Har Gobind Khorana was a brilliant scientist and Nobel laureate known for his groundbreaking contributions to the field of genetics and biochemistry. Born in India in 1922, Khorana overcame numerous challenges to pursue his passion for science.

He is best remembered for deciphering the genetic code and understanding how the order of nucleotides in DNA determines the synthesis of proteins. Khorana’s pioneering research paved the way for the development of synthetic genes and laid the foundation for the biotechnology industry.

His work not only expanded our understanding of life’s fundamental processes but also had significant implications in medicine and agriculture. Throughout his career, Khorana received numerous accolades and honors, including the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968, making him the first Indian-born scientist to receive this prestigious award. His legacy continues to inspire aspiring scientists worldwide, and his work remains a cornerstone of modern molecular biology.

8. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, commonly known as Chandra, was a brilliant Indian-American astrophysicist born in 1910. He made significant contributions to our understanding of the life cycle of stars and their ultimate fate. Chandrasekhar’s groundbreaking work focused on the concept of stellar evolution and the behavior of celestial bodies under extreme conditions.

One of his most influential discoveries was the “Chandrasekhar limit,” which demonstrated that there is a maximum mass a white dwarf star can have before it undergoes a catastrophic collapse, leading to a supernova explosion or the formation of a black hole. This limit has been essential in the study of stellar remnants and the dynamics of galaxies.

Chandra’s exceptional insights and research earned him numerous accolades, including the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983. His work continues to inspire astronomers and astrophysicists worldwide, leaving an enduring legacy in the field of astronomy.

9. Homi Sethna

Homi Sethna was an exceptional Indian nuclear scientist, renowned for his significant contributions to India’s nuclear program. Born on August 24, 1923, in India, Sethna’s passion for science and research was evident from an early age. He pursued his education in nuclear engineering, which laid the foundation for his illustrious career. Sethna played a pivotal role in leading India’s nuclear tests, making the nation a nuclear power.

His determination, intellect, and leadership qualities were instrumental in achieving this remarkable feat. Throughout his life, he held various prestigious positions, including the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India. Apart from his scientific achievements, Homi Sethna was also a dedicated mentor and guide, inspiring countless young minds to pursue a career in science and engineering. His enduring legacy continues to inspire future generations to make strides in the field of nuclear science and beyond.

10. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was a remarkable Indian scientist and statesman who made significant contributions to the nation’s space and defense programs. Born in a humble family in 1931, Kalam’s determination and passion for science led him to earn degrees in aerospace engineering.

He played a pivotal role in India’s successful launch of the first satellite launch vehicle, SLV-III, and was instrumental in developing the indigenous ballistic missile program. Kalam’s brilliance and dedication earned him the nickname “Missile Man of India.”

In 2002, he became the 11th President of India, serving as a visionary leader and inspiring millions of people, especially the youth, with his wisdom and positive outlook. Known for his simplicity and humility, Kalam’s speeches and books motivated countless individuals to dream big and work hard to achieve their goals. Even after his passing in 2015, his legacy as a scientist, teacher, and inspirational figure lives on, continuing to ignite young minds to strive for excellence in science and beyond.

11. Raghunath Anant Mashelkar

Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, known as R.A. Mashelkar, is an eminent Indian scientist and a source of inspiration to many. He was born on January 1, 1943, in a small town in Maharashtra, India. Throughout his life, he has been passionate about science and innovation.

Mashelkar is renowned for his exceptional work in chemical engineering and technology development. His research contributions have earned him numerous awards and honors, including the prestigious Padma Vibhushan, India’s second-highest civilian award.

Mashelkar has played a pivotal role in shaping India’s scientific landscape, focusing on affordable and sustainable technologies that can benefit society at large. He strongly believes in the power of science to address the challenges faced by the common people.

Beyond his scientific achievements, Mashelkar is known for his humility, kindness, and willingness to mentor young scientists. He continues to be actively involved in various initiatives aimed at promoting science and innovation in India. R.A. Mashelkar’s remarkable journey serves as a shining example of how dedication, hard work, and a passion for science can create a positive impact on society.

12. M. S. Swaminathan

Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan, commonly known as M. S. Swaminathan, is an eminent Indian scientist and agricultural pioneer. Born on August 7, 1925, he has dedicated his life to improving agriculture and food security in India and beyond. Dr. Swaminathan is often referred to as the “Father of the Green Revolution” in India for his pivotal role in introducing high-yielding wheat and rice varieties during the 1960s.

His efforts transformed India from a food-deficit country to a self-sufficient agricultural nation. Beyond his contributions to the Green Revolution, Swaminathan’s work also extends to sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation. He advocates for the use of modern technology and research to benefit farmers and address hunger and malnutrition.

Throughout his career, he has received numerous awards and honors, including the Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan, India’s prestigious civilian awards. M. S. Swaminathan’s dedication to agriculture and his innovative ideas have left a lasting impact on India’s development and continue to inspire agricultural scientists worldwide.

13. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, also known as Venki Ramakrishnan, is an Indian-born American structural biologist who made significant contributions to the understanding of ribosomes, the molecular machines that synthesize proteins in cells.

Born in 1952 in Chidambaram, India, Ramakrishnan pursued his education at various institutions, eventually earning a Ph.D. from Ohio University in the United States. His groundbreaking research involved using X-ray crystallography to study the structure and function of ribosomes.

In 2009, Ramakrishnan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with two other scientists, for his crucial insights into the ribosome’s structure. This recognition highlighted his exceptional work in deciphering the complex molecular machinery fundamental to life.

Beyond his scientific achievements, Ramakrishnan has been involved in promoting scientific education and research, inspiring the next generation of scientists. His story serves as an inspiring example of how dedication, curiosity, and perseverance can lead to groundbreaking discoveries in the world of science.

14. Chandrasekhara Venkata Ramanujan

Chandrasekhara Venkata Ramanujan, known simply as Ramanujan, was a brilliant Indian mathematician who lived from 1887 to 1920. Despite facing numerous challenges, he made groundbreaking contributions to the field of mathematics that continue to inspire scholars worldwide.

Ramanujan’s innate ability for numbers was evident from a young age, and he developed his skills with little formal training. His discoveries in areas like number theory, infinite series, and modular forms were extraordinary and changed the face of mathematics. In 1913, Ramanujan caught the attention of G.H.

Hardy, a renowned mathematician from England, who recognized his immense talent and brought him to Cambridge University. Ramanujan’s short but prolific life saw the publication of numerous papers filled with groundbreaking theorems and formulas. His legacy remains a source of inspiration for mathematicians, highlighting the power of raw genius and perseverance in unraveling the mysteries of the universe.

15. Harish Chandra

Harish Chandra was a brilliant Indian mathematician and physicist known for his significant contributions to the fields of mathematics and theoretical physics. Born on October 11, 1923, in Kanpur, India, he displayed exceptional mathematical skills from an early age.

Harish Chandra’s work focused on representations of Lie algebras and the theory of automorphic forms, which are fundamental in modern mathematics and theoretical physics. His groundbreaking research has had a profound impact on diverse areas, from number theory to quantum mechanics.

Throughout his illustrious career, Harish Chandra received numerous accolades and honors for his remarkable achievements, including the prestigious Padma Bhushan award by the Indian government. He was also a member of several esteemed academies, such as the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Harish Chandra’s legacy continues to inspire and influence generations of mathematicians and physicists worldwide.

16. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar

Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar was an eminent Indian scientist who made significant contributions to the field of chemistry. Born on February 21, 1894, in Bhera, Punjab (now in Pakistan), he was a pioneer in promoting scientific research in India. Bhatnagar’s remarkable work led to the establishment of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in India.

He played a crucial role in nurturing the country’s scientific community and fostering innovation. Bhatnagar’s research focused on a wide range of areas, including industrial chemistry, petroleum refining, and the extraction of essential oils from plants. His dedication to scientific advancement earned him numerous accolades, including the prestigious Padma Bhushan award in 1954.

Today, his legacy continues to inspire budding scientists and researchers in India to strive for excellence in their respective fields.

17. Satyendra Nath Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose, often referred to as S. N. Bose, was an eminent Indian physicist who lived from 1894 to 1974. He made significant contributions to the world of science, particularly in the field of quantum mechanics. One of his most notable achievements was the collaboration with Albert Einstein, where they formulated the concept of Bose-Einstein statistics, which describes the behavior of particles now known as bosons.

This groundbreaking work laid the foundation for the study of quantum statistics and had a profound impact on the field of physics. S. N. Bose’s name became synonymous with this fundamental aspect of particle physics. Despite facing challenges in his academic career due to the limited opportunities for research in India during his time, Bose persevered and left an enduring legacy in the realm of theoretical physics. His contributions continue to inspire generations of scientists worldwide.

18. M. Visvesvaraya

Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, often referred to as Sir MV, was a prominent Indian engineer and statesman who lived from 1861 to 1962. He played a crucial role in the development and modernization of India during the early 20th century.

With his exceptional engineering skills and innovative ideas, Visvesvaraya contributed significantly to various infrastructure projects across the country. He was instrumental in designing and constructing dams, irrigation systems, and water supply schemes that helped in harnessing water resources for agriculture and industrial purposes.

His visionary work in urban planning and governance earned him great admiration and respect. Additionally, he served as the Diwan of Mysore, where he implemented several reforms and initiatives that transformed the state. M. Visvesvaraya’s dedication, expertise, and leadership continue to inspire generations of engineers and aspiring nation-builders in India. His contributions have left an indelible mark on the country’s progress and development.

19. Prafulla Chandra Ray

Prafulla Chandra Ray was a remarkable Indian scientist who lived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was born in 1861 in a small village in Bengal, India. Ray is often referred to as the “Father of Indian Chemistry” for his significant contributions to the field.

Despite facing financial challenges, he pursued his passion for science and went on to study chemistry at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. Upon returning to India, he established the Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceutical Works, which became a pioneering institution in the Indian chemical industry.

Ray’s research focused on organic chemistry, and he made groundbreaking discoveries in areas like mercurous nitrite and aromatic nitro compounds. His dedication to education and research inspired generations of Indian scientists. Prafulla Chandra Ray’s legacy continues to be celebrated, and he remains an influential figure in the history of Indian science.

20. Meghnad Saha

Meghnad Saha was an eminent Indian astrophysicist who lived from 1893 to 1956. He was a pioneer in the field of astrophysics and made significant contributions to our understanding of stellar atmospheres. Saha’s most notable achievement was the formulation of the “Saha ionization equation,” which describes the behavior of atoms and ions in stellar atmospheres. This equation played a crucial role in deciphering the spectra of stars and provided valuable insights into their chemical compositions and temperatures.

Born in a small village in what is now Bangladesh, Saha overcame various obstacles to pursue his passion for science. He completed his education in Calcutta and later became a professor at the prestigious Calcutta University. Throughout his career, he received numerous honors and accolades for his outstanding work in astrophysics.

Beyond his scientific contributions, Meghnad Saha was deeply involved in advocating for the advancement of science in India. He played a crucial role in establishing scientific institutions and promoting research and education in the country. His legacy continues to inspire aspiring scientists and remains an integral part of India’s scientific heritage.

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Essay on Science and Technology in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Science and Technology in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Science and Technology in India

Introduction.

India has a rich history of science and technology, dating back to ancient times. The country has produced great scientists who made significant contributions in various fields.

Historical Progress

In ancient times, India was a hub for scientific discoveries. The concept of zero, Ayurveda and yoga are India’s gifts to the world.

Modern Developments

In recent years, India has made remarkable progress in space technology, IT, and biotechnology. The successful Mars mission is a testament to India’s technological prowess.

Future Prospects

With continuous advancements, India is poised to become a global leader in science and technology, promising a bright future.

250 Words Essay on Science and Technology in India

Historical perspective.

The ancient scientific wisdom of India, including the invention of zero, the concept of the earth’s orbit, and the foundations of Ayurveda, laid the groundwork for modern scientific thought. The British colonial period, while oppressive, brought Western scientific knowledge to India, creating a fusion of Eastern and Western scientific ideologies.

Post-Independence Developments

Post-independence, India’s focus on science and technology intensified, with the establishment of premier institutions like the Indian Institutes of Technology and the Indian Space Research Organization. These institutions have been instrumental in fostering a culture of scientific research and technological innovation in the country.

Contemporary Scenario

In the contemporary era, India has made its mark globally in various fields, including information technology, biotechnology, space research, and nuclear science. The successful Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) and the development of the supercomputer Param Shivay exemplify India’s technological prowess.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Despite these advancements, challenges persist, such as inadequate funding, brain drain, and infrastructural limitations. However, government initiatives like ‘Make in India’ and ‘Digital India’ aim to bolster scientific research and technological innovation.

In conclusion, science and technology in India have seen a transformative journey, with promising potential for future advancements. With the right policies, investments, and societal support, India can emerge as a global leader in these domains.

500 Words Essay on Science and Technology in India

Ancient contributions.

Historically, India’s contributions to science and technology have been substantial. The ancient Indian mathematicians, such as Aryabhata and Brahmagupta, made significant contributions to the field of mathematics, including the concept of zero and the decimal system. The ancient Indian medical system, Ayurveda, is still practiced widely and globally recognized for its natural healing techniques.

The post-independence era marked a significant phase in India’s scientific and technological advancement. The establishment of national research laboratories and institutes, like the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), facilitated the growth of indigenous research and development.

Technology and Digital Transformation

The advent of the digital age brought about a technological revolution in India. The growth of the IT sector, led by companies like Infosys and TCS, has placed India on the global map as a significant player in software services. The government’s ‘Digital India’ initiative aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society, enhancing the digital infrastructure, digital literacy, and providing digital services to every citizen.

Despite these advancements, India still faces several challenges. A significant portion of the population lacks access to advanced technology, creating a digital divide. Moreover, the country’s expenditure on research and development is relatively low compared to global standards.

In conclusion, science and technology in India have evolved significantly over the years, contributing to the nation’s progress and global scientific advancements. Although challenges persist, with continued focus on innovation, research, and bridging the digital divide, India is well on its way to becoming a global leader in science and technology. The journey of science and technology in India is a testament to the nation’s resilience and potential for growth and innovation.

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Essay on Science and Technology

Science and technology is the ultimate need of an hour that changes the overall perspective of the human towards life. Over the centuries, there have been new inventions in the field of science and technology that help in modernizing. Right from connecting with people to using digital products, everything involves science and technology. In other words, it has made life easy and simple. Moreover, humans now have to live a simple life. There is modern equipment explored by tech experts to find something new for the future.

Science and technology have now expanded their wings to medical, education, manufacturing and other areas. Moreover, they are not limited to cities, but also rural areas for educational purposes. Every day new technologies keep coming, making life easier and more comfortable.

Brief about Science

Throughout history, science has come a long way. The evolution of the person is the contribution to science. Science helped humans to find vaccines, potions, medicines and scientific aids. Over the centuries, humans have faced many diseases and illnesses taking many lives. With the help of science, medicines are invented to bring down the effect or element of these illnesses.

Brief of Technology

The mobile, desktop or laptop which you are using for reading this essay, mobile you use for connectivity or communication or the smart technology which we use in our daily life, are a part of technology. From the machinery used in the factory to the robots created all fall under tech invention. In simpler words, technology has made life more comfortable.

Advancement in science and technology has changed the modern culture and the way we live our daily life.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Science and Technology

Science and technology have changed this world. From TV to planes, cars to mobile, the list keeps on going how these two inventions have changed the world we see through. For instance, the virtual talks we do use our mobile, which was not possible earlier. Similarly, there are electrical devices that have made life easier.

Furthermore, the transportation process we use has also seen the contribution of science and technology. We can reach our destination quickly to any part of the world.

Science and technology are not limited to this earth. It has now reached mars. NASA and ISRO have used science and technology to reach mars. Both organizations have witnessed success in sending astronauts and technologies to explore life in the mars.

Other Benefits

Life is much simpler with science and technology

Interaction is more comfortable and faster

Human is more sophisticated

Disadvantages

With the progress in science and technology, we humans have become lazier. This is affecting the human mind and health. Moreover, several semi-automatic rifles are created using the latest technology, which takes maximum life. There is no doubt that the third world war will be fought with missiles created using technology.

Man has misused the tech and used it for destructive purposes.

 Man uses them to do illegal stuff.

Technology such as a smartphone, etc. hurts children.

Terrorists use modern technology for damaging work.

Science and Technology in India

India is not behind when it comes to science and technology. Over the centuries, the country has witnessed reliable technology updates giving its people a better life. The Indian economy is widely boosted with science and technology in the field of astronomy, astrophysics, space exploration, nuclear power and more. India is becoming more innovative and progressive to improve the economic condition of the nation.

The implementation of technology in the research work promotes a better life ahead. Similarly, medical science in India is progressing rapidly, making life healthy and careful. Indian scientists are using the latest technology to introduce new medical products for people and offer them at the lowest price.

The Bottom Line

The main aim of writing this essay on science and technology is to showcase how humans have evolved over the years. Since we are advancing, the science and technology industry is also advancing at a faster pace. Although there are challenges, the road ahead is exciting. From interaction to transportation and healthcare in every sector, we will witness profitable growth in science and technology.

FAQs on Science and Technology Essay

1. How technology changed humans?

Technology has certainly changed the way we live our lives. Not a single piece of technology has failed and is continuously progressing. Be it the small industry or large, technology is a boom to your society. Technology can encompass ancient technologies like calculators, calendars, batteries and others. In future, the technology worlds include Blockchain technologies, smart cities, more advanced intelligent devices, quantum computers, quantum encryption, and others. Humans are updated with technology. This is a good sign for the coming generation.

2. What are the top technologies?

In the last few years, there has been a massive update in technology. From individuals to companies, everywhere, the use of technology is required. Some of the top technologies we are witnessing are

 Data Science

 Internet of Things

 Blockchain

 Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

 Virtual Reality

 Edge Computing

Intelligent apps

Artificial Intelligence

Each of these technologies is in the use of daily life and even in making products. However, to use this technology, there is a requirement of skilled professionals and they need proper training to use them.

3. Is the topic Science and Technology an appropriate topic for students?

Yes, Science and Technology are one of the most important topics every student should know in their schooling. The world is growing rapidly at an increasing rate where one should be equipped with minimum knowledge about these concepts. Science and technology have become a part of everyone’s life today. Therefore understanding them is definitely important.

4. Does writing essays improve English?

Yes, of course it does. Writing is absolutely fundamental to language learning. As with anything, however, it is important to learn when and what you write. If you do it all the time, your writing might sound forced. If you only do it when you don't have anything better to do, you might find yourself procrastinating, and not do it at all. It's also a lot more effective to compose essays when you are in that mindset of an essay. So, to answer your question, yes.

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Essay on Science in English: Check 200, 300 & 500 Words Essay

Science is the study of logic. It explains why the world is round, why stars twinkle, why light travels faster than sound, why hawks soar higher than crows, why sunflowers face the sun and other phenomena. Science answers every question logically rather than offering mystical interpretations. Students are very interested in science as a topic. This subject is indeed crucial for those hoping to pursue careers in science and related professions.

People who are knowledgeable in science are more self-assured and aware of their environment. Knowing the cause and origin of natural events, a person knowledgeable in science will not be afraid of them.

However, science also has a big impact on a country’s technological advancement and illiteracy.

Table of Content

English-language Long and Short Science Essay

Essay on science  (200 words), essay on science (300 words), essay on science (400 words), essay on science (500 words), essay on science (600 words).

We have included a brief and lengthy English essay on science below for your knowledge and convenience. The writings have been thoughtfully crafted to impart to you the relevance and meaning of science. You will understand what science is, why it matters in daily life, and how it advances national progress after reading the writings. These science essays can be used for essay writing, debate, and other related activities at your institution or school.

Science entails a thorough examination of the behavior of the physical and natural world. Research, experimentation, and observation are used in the study.

The scientific disciplines are diverse. The social sciences, formal sciences, and natural sciences are some of them. Subcategories and sub-sub-categories have been created from these basic categories. The natural sciences include physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, and astronomy; the social sciences include history, geography, economics, political science, sociology, psychology, social studies, and anthropology; and the formal sciences include computer science, logic, statistics, decision theory, and mathematics.

The world has positively transformed because of science. Throughout history, science has produced several inventions that have improved human convenience. We cannot fathom our lives without several of these inventions since they have become essential parts of them.

Global scientists persist in their experiments and occasionally produce more advanced innovations, some of which spark global revolutions. Even if science is helpful, some people have abused knowledge, usually those in positions of authority, to drive an arms race and destroy the environment.

There is no common ground between the ideologies of science and religion. These seeming opposite viewpoints have historically led to a number of confrontations and still do.

Science is a way to learn about, comprehend, examine, and experiment with the physical and natural features of the world in order to apply it to the development of newer technologies that improve human convenience. In science, observation and experimentation are broad and not restricted to a specific concept or area of study.

Applications of Science

Science has given us almost everything we use on a daily basis. Everything, from laptops to washing machines, microwaves to cell phones, and refrigerators to cars, is the result of scientific experimentation. Here are some ways that science affects our daily lives:

Not only are refrigerators, grills, and microwaves examples of scientific inventions, but gas stoves, which are frequently used for food preparation, are as well.

Medical Interventions

Scientific advancements have made it feasible to treat a number of illnesses and conditions. Thus, science encourages healthy living and has helped people live longer.

Interaction

These days, mobile phones and internet connections are necessities in our life and were all made possible by scientific advancements. These innovations have lowered barriers to communication and widened global connections.

E nergy Source

The creation and application of numerous energy forms have been facilitated by the discovery of atomic energy. One of its greatest innovations is electricity, and everyone is aware of the effects it has on daily life.

Variety in Cuisine

There has also been an increase in food diversity. These days, a wide variety of fruits and vegetables are available year-round. It’s not necessary to wait for a given season to enjoy a certain meal. This modification is the result of scientific experimentation.

So, science is a part of our daily existence. Without scientific advancements, our lives would have been considerably more challenging and varied. Nonetheless, we cannot ignore the fact that a great deal of scientific innovation has contributed to environmental deterioration and a host of health issues for humankind.

There are essentially three main disciplines of science. The Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, and Formal Sciences are some of them. To examine different aspects, these branches are further divided into subcategories. This is a thorough examination of these groups and their subgroups.

Scientific Subdisciplines

Natural Science

This is the study of natural phenomena, as the name implies. It investigates how the cosmos and the world function. Physical science and life science are subcategories of natural science.

a) Science of Physics

The subcategories of physical science comprise the following:

• Physics is the study of matter’s and energy’s properties.
• Chemistry is the study of the materials that make up matter.
• The study of space and celestial bodies is called astronomy.
• Ecology is the study of how living things interact with their natural environments and with one another.
• Geology: It studies the composition and physical makeup of Earth.
• Earth science is the study of the atmosphere and the physical makeup of the planet.
• The study of the physical and biological components and phenomena of the ocean is known as oceanography.
• Meteorology: It studies the atmospheric processes.

The subcategories of life science include the following:

• The study of living things is called biology.
• The study of plants is known as botany.
• The study of animals is known as zoology.

c) Social Science

This includes examining social patterns and behavioral patterns in people. It is broken down into more than one subcategory. Among them are:

• History: The examination of past occurrences
• Political science is the study of political processes and governmental structures.
• Geographic: Study of the atmospheric and physical characteristics of Earth.
• Human society is studied in social studies.
• Sociology: The study of how societies form and operate.

Academic Sciences

It is the area of study that examines formal systems like logic and mathematics. It encompasses the subsequent subcategories:

• Numbers are studied in mathematics.
• Reasoning is the subject of logic.
• Statistics: It is the study of numerical data analysis.
• Mathematical analysis of decision-making in relation to profit and loss is known as decision theory.
• The study of abstract organization is known as systems theory.
• Computer science is the study of engineering and experimentation as a foundation for computer design and use.

Scientists from several fields have been doing in-depth research and testing numerous facets of the subject matter in order to generate novel ideas, innovations, and breakthroughs. Although these discoveries and technologies have made life easier for us, they have also permanently harmed both the environment and living things.

Introduction

Science is the study of various physical and natural phenomena’ structures and behaviors. Before drawing any conclusions, scientists investigate these factors, make extensive observations, and conduct experiments. In the past, science has produced a number of inventions and discoveries that have been beneficial to humanity.

I deas in Religion and Science

In science, new ideas and technologies are developed through a methodical and rational process; in religion, however, beliefs and faith are the only factors considered. In science, conclusions are reached by careful observation, analysis, and experimentation; in religion, however, conclusions are rarely reached through reason. As a result, they have very different perspectives on things.

Science and Religion at Odds

Because science and religion hold different opinions on many issues, they are frequently perceived as being at odds. Unfortunately, these disputes occasionally cause social unrest and innocent people to suffer. These are a few of the most significant disputes that have happened.

The World’s Creation

The world was formed in six days, according to many conservative Christians, sometime between 4004 and 8000 BCE. However, cosmologists assert that the Earth originated about 4.5 billion years ago and that the cosmos may be as old as 13.7 billion years.

The Earth as the Universe’s Center

Among the most well-known clashes is this one. Earth was considered to be the center of the universe by the Roman Catholic Church. They say that it is surrounded by the Sun, Moon, stars, and other planets. Famous Italian mathematician and astronomer Galileo Galilei’s discovery of the heliocentric system—in which the Sun is at the center of the solar system and the Earth and other planets orbit it—led to the conflict.

Eclipses of the Sun and Moon

Iraq was the scene of one of the first wars. The locals were informed by the priests that the moon eclipse was caused by the gods’ restlessness. These were seen as foreboding and intended to overthrow the kings. When the local astronomers proposed a scientific explanation for the eclipse, a disagreement arose.

There are still many myths and superstitions concerning solar and lunar eclipses around the world, despite astronomers providing a compelling and rational explanation for their occurrence.

In addition to these, there are a number of other fields in which religious supporters and scientists hold divergent opinions. While scientists, astronomers, and biologists have evidence to support their claims, the majority of people adhere closely to religious beliefs.

Not only do religious activists frequently oppose scientific methods and ideas, but many other facets of society have also taken issue with science since its discoveries are leading to a host of social, political, environmental, and health problems. Nuclear weapons are one example of a scientific invention that threatens humanity. In addition, the processes involved in preparation and the utilization of the majority of scientifically created equipment contribute to pollution, making life more difficult for all.

In the previous few decades, a number of scientific advancements and discoveries have greatly eased people’s lives. The previous ten years were not an anomaly. A good number of important scientific discoveries were acknowledged. The top ten most amazing recent scientific inventions are shown below.

New Developments and Findings in Science

Amputee Gains Control of Biomechanical Hand via Mental After a tragic accident took away his forearm, Pierpaolo Petruzziello, an Italian, used his mind to control a biomechanical hand attached to his arm. The hand used wires and electrodes to connect to the nerves in his arm. He became the first to become skilled at doing motions like gripping objects, wriggling his fingers, and moving.

The Global Positioning System

In 2005, the Global Positioning System, or GPS as it is more often known, went into commercial use. It was incorporated into mobile devices and worked wonders for tourists all over the world. Traveling to more recent locations and needing instructions couldn’t be simpler.

The Self-Driving Car Toyota debuted Prius shortly after Google launched its own self-driving car experiment in 2008. The accelerator, steering wheel, and brake pedals are absent from this vehicle. It runs without the need for user input because it is driven by an electric motor. To guarantee that the driverless experience is seamless and secure, it is integrated with specialized software, a collection of sensors, and precise digital maps.

Android, widely regarded as one of the most significant innovations of the decade, revolutionized the market by flooding it with devices running Java and Symbian earlier on. These days, Android is the operating system used by the majority of smartphones. Millions of applications are supported by it.

c) Computer Vision

A number of sub-domains fall under the umbrella of computer vision, including learning, video tracking, object recognition, object pose estimation, event detection, indexing, picture restoration, and scene reconstruction. In order to produce symbolic information, the field includes methods for processing, analyzing, obtaining, and understanding images in high-dimensional data from the real world.

d) Touch Screen Technology

It appears that touch screen technology has taken over the planet. The popularity of touch screen gadgets can be attributed to their ease of use. These gadgets are becoming quite popular everywhere.

e) Method of 3D Printing

The 3D printer is capable of producing a wide range of items, such as lamps, cookware, accessories, and much more. Alternatively referred to as additive manufacturing, this process uses digital model data from electronic data sources like Additive Manufacturing Files (AMF) to construct three-dimensional items of any shape.

Git Hub is an online hosting service and version control repository that was founded in 2008. It provides features including bug tracking, task management, feature requests, and the sharing of codes, apps, and other materials. The GitHub platform was first developed in 2007, and the website went live in 2008.

f) Smart Timepieces

The market for smart watches has been around for a while. The more recent models, like the one introduced by Apple, have garnered enormous popularity and come with a number of extra capabilities. Nearly all of the functionality found on smartphones are included in these watches, which are also more convenient to wear and use.

g) Websites for Crowdfunding

The emergence of crowdsourcing websites like Indiegogo, Kickstarter, and GoFundMe has been a blessing for innovators. Inventors, artists, and other creative people can share their ideas and gain the funding they need to put them into action by using these websites.

Global scientists constantly observe and experiment to develop new scientific discoveries that improve people’s lives. Not only do they consistently create new technologies, but they also adapt the ones that already exist whenever there is an opportunity. Even while these innovations have made life easier for humans, you are all aware of the numerous environmental, social, and political risks they have brought about.

500+ Words Essay on Mother Teresa in English For Students 500+ Words Essay on Swami Vivekananda in English for Students Rabindranath Tagore Essay in English For Students APJ Abdul Kalam Essay For Students: Check 500 Words Essay

Essay on Science- FAQs

Who is father of science.

Galileo is the father of science.

Why is it called science?

The word “scientia” has Latin origins and originally meant “knowledge,” “an expertness,” or “experience.”

What is science for students?

Science is the study of the world by observation, recording, listening, and watching. Science is the application of intellectual inquiry into the nature of the world and its behavior. Think like a scientist, anyone can.

What is science’s primary goal or objective?

Science’s primary goal is to provide an explanation for the facts. Moreover, science does not prohibit the explanation of facts in an arbitrary manner. Additionally, science organizes the data and develops theories to explain the data.

Describe what a scientific fact is.

Repeatable, meticulous observations or measurements made through experiments or other methods are referred to as scientific facts. Furthermore, empirical evidence is another name for a scientific fact. Most importantly, the development of scientific hypotheses depends on scientific facts.

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