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Primary History resources

The National Curriculum for history from Key Stages 1-3 requires pupils to know and understand the diverse stories of the British Isles from prehistory to present, as well as studying aspects of local, national and international history. History should equip pupils to ask questions, think critically, weigh evidence, sift arguments, and develop perspective and judgement. In Key Stages 1 and 2, pupils are required to study British history from the Stone Age through to 1066, as well as a local study, ancient Greece, another ancient civilisation, a wider world study and a chronological unit that extends pupils knowledge beyond 1066.  The National Curriculum does not have to be followed by academies.

The Stone Age to the Iron Age

• The potential of primary history
• How much has the weather mattered in British history?
• Why we need to teach about the history of trees and woodland...
• The Amesbury Archer
• Using ancient monuments to help teach about pre-Roman times in Britain
• Teaching ‘these islands’ from prehistoric times to 1066

Ancient Civilisations

• Linking history and science: how climate affected settlement
• Primary History summer resource 2023: Early civilisations
• Keeping children motivated in primary history while ensuring they can recall what they have been taught
• Ancient Sumer: the cradle of civilisation
• Language and communication in the ancient world

Roman Britain

• Trade – lifeblood of the empire: how trade affected life in Roman Britain
• Developing a big picture of the Romans, Anglo-Saxons and Vikings
• Teaching the Romans in Britain: a study focusing on Hadrian’s Wall
• Using apps in the history curriculum
• One of my favourite history places: Chichester's Roman walls

The Anglo-Saxons, Vikings & the Normans

• One of my favourite history places: The Holy Island of Lindisfarne
• The Coronation
• One of my favourite history places: Oakham Castle
• Pull-out posters: Primary History 89

Local Study

• A Significant Local Event: Carlisle floods
• Exploring the history of our place with very young children
• Teaching ‘changes within living memory’: making the most of your school
• Using some more unusual sources in the primary classroom
• Teaching local history in primary schools: learning about effective practice

World Study

• Baghdad: what were its connections across the medieval world?
• Exploring the spices of the east: how curry got to our table
• The potty timeline: an effective way of using timelines
• Muslim soldiers in World War I
• World War I: widening relevance in the modern world

Individuals & Events

• Earth heroes: Etta Lemon, ‘The Mother of Birds’
• The year without a summer and other cautionary tales
• Pull-out posters: Primary History 95
• Significant anniversaries: The Bristol Bus Boycott, 1963

Living Memory

• World War II: breathing life into a local history enquiry
• What do children think about the the royal family and the coronation of King Charles III? 
• The Coronation of King Charles III

Beyond 1066

• Going to school: a post-1066 thematic study
• Exploring the Great Fire of London and Deaf history
• Significant people: Mary Wollstonecraft
• Connecting Classrooms through Global Learning
• Teaching about the climate emergency
• Global Learning November 2016
• Teaching history and geography together in a meaningful way
• Using Folktales, Myths and Legends
• History supporting global learning

Primary classroom posters

• Pull-out posters: Primary History 93
• Pull-out posters: Primary History 87
• Pull-out posters: Primary History 86
• Pull-out Posters: Primary History 81
• Pull-out Posters: Primary History 78
• Pull-out Posters: Primary History 76
• Assessment and feedback in history
• It worked for me: investing in dialogue as a tool for assessment
• Assessment and Progression without levels
• Progression from EYFS to Key Stage 3
• Assessment in Primary History - Guidance
• Progression & Assessment without Levels - Guide

Lessons & Exemplars

• Resources for courses: ideas for your history curriculum
• Three first-class ladies – teaching significant individuals in Key Stage 1
• ‘So why did they go into hiding?’ Anne Frank in her historical and social context
• Leading Primary History
• Primary Teaching Methods
• Background information for teachers

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Primary History

The primary history curriculum has so much scope. Teach it like a pro with these projects, lesson plans and topics ideas, aligned to the KS1 history curriculum and KS2 history curriculum. Be inspired by experts, whether you’re teaching black history for KS1 or Roman history in KS2, and boost your pupils’ love of studying the past.

Explore Primary History

Free Primary History Resources

Latest Primary History Articles

Must Have Primary History Products

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PODCAST: HISTORY UNPLUGGED J. Edgar Hoover’s 50-Year Career of Blackmail, Entrapment, and Taking Down Communist Spies

The Encyclopedia: One Book’s Quest to Hold the Sum of All Knowledge PODCAST: HISTORY UNPLUGGED

Free History Worksheets

Here you will find hundreds of free history worksheets designed by professional educators that can be adjusted for elementary, middle, or high school students.

These are nearly 500 student history worksheets in this package that cover all aspects of history, from Ancient Greece to World War One, World War Two, and the Cold War. The worksheets can be modified to accommodate K-12. Please feel free to share these on Pinterest or any other places where teachers’ resources are made available.  Included are full-color and black-and-white worksheets, word searches, quizzes, overviews, info graphs, diagrams, anagrams and activity sheets that provide everything you need to teach your class on any time period in history imaginable. Below are listed our currently available free student worksheets. More are to come.

• How Much Can One Individual Alter History? More and Less...
• Why Did Hitler Hate Jews? We Have Some Answers
• Reasons Against Dropping the Atomic Bomb
• Is Russia Communist Today? Find Out Here!
• Phonetic Alphabet: How Soldiers Communicated
• How Many Americans Died in WW2? Here Is A Breakdown

©Copyright Mandy Barrow 2013 primaryhomeworkhelp.com

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Woodlands Junior School, Hunt Road Tonbridge Kent TN10 4BB UK

Home » World War 1

World War 1

World War 1 facts for kids learning KS2 at Primary School. Homework help about history of the Great War, how it ended and Remembrance Day.

Time:  28 th July 1914 – 11 th November 1918

World War 1 was also known as The Great War. It had more countries involved in the war than any other war. More than 65 million men fought in the war. Over 9 million soldiers were killed and 21 million men wounded.

So how did the war start? There was always problems with Britain, France and Russia on one side and Germany and Austria-Hungary on the other. But on 28the June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to the Austrian throne) was shot by a Serbian student.

Obviously the Austrians were not happy and with Germanys help they attacked Serbia. Russia then stepped in to help Serbia and the two sides were at war.

The German/Austrian side soon moved to northern France. Here the war didn’t move any further for four years. This was known as the Western Front.

By this time many countries were involved. With Germany and Austria-Hungary were Turkey and Bulgaria. And with Britain, France and Russia were Italy, Greece and Portugal. The war also extended with fighting in Africa and the Middle East.

German submarines sank any ship going to a British port. Some of the ships were American. This caused the Americans to join the war in 1917. This was now The Greatest War of all time.

Frightful First World War

The war ended when the Russians were exhausted by the war and make peace with Germany. Germany continued to attack on the Western Front but they were forced back and Germany surrendered on 11 th November 1918. The war finally ended.

Remembrance Day

Every year on 11 th November we wear poppies and remember the millions of people that fought in this war and all the others since. This is called Remembrance Day but also called Armistice Day. It is on the same day as World War One ended. Not only do we remember and say thank you to the brave men and women who fought in the war, but we remember all the armed forces over the years and even the ones that protect us today.

Why do we wear poppies?

Poppies were the flowers that grew on the battlefields after World War I, and people wear them as a symbol of remembrance to honour those who fought and died in wars. We also have a minute of silence at the 11th hour (11 am). We all stop and think quietly about the war heroes that are no longer with us.

What is Remembrance Sunday?

Remembrance Sunday is always on the second Sunday of November. The Royal Family lay wreaths of poppies at the Cenotaph (war memorial) in London and will have a minute of silence at 11 am along with the rest of the country. Ceremonies take place at war memorials and churches all over the country.

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Romans primary resource

Discover the secrets of the roman empire and life in ancient rome.

This primary resource introduces children to Roman life and culture. Discover the secrets of the Roman Empire and what life was like for Roman citizens. What were the Romans known for? What made the Roman army so successful? How did they live?

Pupils will learn about how and where the Roman Empire started, who the rulers of Rome were and what went on in the famous Colosseum in our National Geographic Kids’ Romans primary resource sheet.

The teaching resource can be used in study group tasks for understanding aspects of Roman life, as a printed handout for each pupil to review and annotate, or for display on the interactive whiteboard using the illustrations and short snippets of information for class discussion.

Activity: Ask children to choose one of the subheadings in the resource and use the information and their own research to create their own comic strip based on that topic. They could also design their own statues of the Roman gods mentioned, in the style of the photographs shown in the resource.

N.B. The following information for mapping the resource documents to the school curriculum is specifically tailored to the English National Curriculum and Scottish Curriculum for Excellence . We are currently working to bring specifically tailored curriculum resource links for our other territories; including South Africa , Australia and New Zealand . If you have any queries about our upcoming curriculum resource links, please email: [email protected]

This History primary resource assists with teaching the following History objectives from the National Curriculum :

• Know and understand significant aspects of the history of the wider world: the nature of ancient civilisations; the expansion and dissolution of empires; characteristic features of past non-European societies; achievements and follies of mankind.
• Know and understand the history of these islands as a coherent, chronological narrative, from the earliest times to the present day: how people’s lives have shaped this nation and how Britain has influenced and been influenced by the wider world.
• Gain historical perspective by placing their growing knowledge into different contexts, understanding the connections between local, regional, national and international history; between cultural, economic, military, political, religious and social history; and between short- and long-term timescales.

National Curriculum Key Stage 1 History objective :

• Pupils should be taught significant historical events, people and places in their own locality.

National Curriculum Key Stage 2 History objective :

• Pupils should be taught about: the Roman Empire and its impact on Britain

This History primary resource assists with teaching the following Social Studies Second level objective from the Scottish Curriculum for Excellence :

• I can discuss why people and events from a particular time in the past were important, placing them within a historical sequence
• I can compare and contrast a society in the past with my own and contribute to a discussion of the similarities and differences

Download primary resource

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Using A Timeline To Teach Chronology In Primary School History Lessons

Published 16 June 2023 by Kapow Primary

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Teaching chronology in primary school history lessons fosters critical thinking and enables children to construct narratives within a broader temporal framework. 

Kapow Primary provides comprehensive support with its interactive timeline, allowing pupils to visualise the sequence and duration of historical events and understand the interconnections between different periods. By integrating the Kapow Primary timeline into your teaching, children will develop a strong understanding of chronology and its significance in comprehending the past.

Using a timeline to teach chronology

Teachers use timelines in history lessons to help children develop their sense of internal chronology. A timeline is a visual representation used to aid pupils in building a mental understanding of historical events and is a commonly-used teaching resource. At Kapow Primary, we have created an interactive timeline to support the teaching of chronology in a highly engaging and visual way.

A view of the main timeline demonstrating various periods.

What is chronology?

Chronology refers to the arrangement and sequencing of events in the order in which they occur. 

Children often refer to the past as long ago, leading to the misconception that historical periods, such as the Romans in Britain and the Victorians, took place simultaneously. Using a timeline helps them to understand the huge scale of the past. It is a useful tool for helping young children to develop chronological awareness.

Developing a chronological overview 

Understanding chronology helps children establish clear narratives in history. The national curriculum for History states:

“Pupils should continue to develop a chronologically secure knowledge and understanding of British, local and world history, establishing clear narratives within and across the periods they study.”

Building chronological awareness enables pupils to develop a structured understanding of the past. It allows them to connect the dots, see how one event leads to another, and identify the cause-and-effect relationships that shape historical  developments.

Understanding chronology helps children create a mental timeline of historical events, enhancing comprehension and retention. Teaching and exposing them to visual timelines nurtures this skill and develops their internal timelines. Using a timeline builds a cohesive framework for understanding history and promotes deeper engagement.

An example of a unit timeline highlighting key events during Ancient Greece . 

Developing timeline skills

Developing timeline skills is crucial when learning about chronology. A timeline visually represents the sequence of historical events, allowing children to understand temporal relationships and identify patterns. Timeline skills support pupils in understanding historical context and engaging with history.

Throughout the Kapow Primary scheme, children progressively build their timeline skills; in key stage 1, they sort images to create timelines; in years 3 and 4, pupils create timelines and sequence important events; in years 5 and 6, pupils construct scales and calculate event durations. Carefully crafted, the scheme follows a spiral curriculum approach to ensure the development of children’s skills year after year.

The Kapow Primary interactive timeline

At Kapow Primary, we have created an online, interactive timeline to integrate chronology into lessons seamlessly. 

The interactive timeline aids children in understanding disciplinary concepts, including:

• Consequence

This captivating and visually compelling tool assists pupils in developing their own mental timeline and knowledge of chronology. 

Using the interactive timeline

Our interactive timeline allows pupils to visualise periods of history, their durations and how long ago they took place. This visualisation is particularly valuable when exploring prehistory, as children often struggle to imagine the time span involved.

The timeline is easy to use and can be used in many ways. Here are a few examples:

• Time periods are clickable, allowing access to specific timelines for each period that highlight key events and significant individuals
• Using the timeline helps to familiarise children with vocabulary referring to the passage of time, such as ‘before’, ‘a long time ago,’ ‘past’, and ‘present’
• The filter tool allows pupils to compare concepts across time. For example, key stage 1 pupils can use it to compare toys from different eras
• In key stage 2 , children can use the filter tool to compare religious beliefs across cultures or identify similarities and differences in dwellings over time 

Through this engaging and interactive approach, pupils develop an appreciation for the chronology of history, comprehending how each unit of study fits into the broader tapestry of human experiences. The digital timeline, aligned with national curriculum objectives, empowers children to develop a secure knowledge of chronology. 

Chronological awareness is a key component in the primary school history curriculum, but children often find it difficult to understand the abstract concept of chronology. A timeline is a practical and visual tool that helps to develop children’s understanding of chronology by illustrating the sequence of historical periods and critical events.

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History of toys

Toys are the objects that we play with. They can be anything from simple pieces of string and plastic to fancy dolls and flashy computers.

At any point in history, whether you’re looking at the Iron Age Celts or the World War II era , children played with toys. The toys may have looked different depending on what materials were available to make things from.

Top 10 facts

• Every civilisation at any time in history made toys for children to play with.
• Even though toys have changed throughout the ages, some toys have always been around but just look different now, such as dolls.
• The way toys have changed over the centuries shows what materials people had to work with, such as stone, wood, clay, iron or plastic.
• You can tell what era a toy came from by looking at what it was made from.
• Toys don’t have to be complicated – if you can make a game from a piece of string, it’s a toy!
• One of the oldest toys found in Britain is around 2,000 years old.
• To find out what toys children played with in past times, you can visit a museum and look at the exhibits of old toys. 
• Just because a toy moves doesn’t mean it's modern – moving toys can have wheels and hinges instead of batteries.
• You can also ask your parents and grandparents about the toys they played with, and which ones were their favourites.
• Teddy bears were made in the early 1900s, and are named after Teddy Roosevelt, an American president.

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Did you know?

• One of the oldest toys in Britain was found near Stonehenge – it’s a carving of an animal, but we’re not sure what kind of animal it is. Archaeologists think it’s about 2,000 years old!
• Even a piece of string can be a toy! Tie both ends together to play a game called cat’s cradle.
• Toys can be any shape and size. Tiny finger puppets are toys, and so are large dollhouses.
• Children have always played with toys, whether they were born 2,000 years ago or last week . The toys have changed over the centuries in the way the look and what they’re made from – dolls that you may see in a museum about ancient Rome won’t look the same as the ones on sale in shops today, but children still play with dolls for the same reasons that children in ancient Rome did.
• The teddy bear was named after an American president, Teddy Roosevelt. The first teddy bears were made in America in 1902, and in Germany in 1903. The two makers didn’t know that they were each making teddy bears because they lived so far apart!

Have a look through the gallery and see if you can spot each of these toys:

• A Noah’s ark toy boat with animals, popular in Victorian times
• Toys from ancient Rome
• Dolls from ancient Roman and Greek times
• Toy cars and trucks
• A porcelain doll
• Sand toys: a bucket and spades
• A modern dolls' house
• Doll house toys
• A girl and her baby doll
• A motor loop baby toy
• The Nintendo Switch gaming system
• Building blocks 
• A Rubik's Cube
• Toy railway carriages
• A spinning top
• Matryoshka dolls (Russian nesting or stacking dolls)
• A teddy bear
• A video game console

Some toys move when you press a button, pull a cord or turn a handle or plug a co. Moving toys don’t have to have batteries or electricity to make them move, though – some toys are designed with levers, wheels and hinges so they move when you push a button or turn a handle, and some toys just need a bit of a tug with some string.

You can learn more about toys in lots of different ways. Visit a toy museum to look at toys that were made when your grandparents and parents were small, or ask them about the toys they like to play with when they were your age.

See if you can guess whether a toy is old or modern just by looking at it. Some things to think about are what it’s made from, how it’s painted or dressed, and how it works. An older toy might be made from metal, which most modern toys aren’t made from, and it might show characters from an old TV show or be dressed in a way that isn’t how we dress today.

Toys changed a lot after the television was invented. Toys would be made based on shows that children liked to watch, which still happens today.

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• Play a toy sorting game online
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• Try an online dressing-up activity
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Best children's books about the history of toys

Find out more about the history of toys

Look at images of an ancient Egyptian doll and  toys from Roman times , Tudor toys , Victorian toys , 20th-century toys and toys from around the world

The V&A has hundreds of pictures of toys from across history

Learn about how some of the most popular toys and games for children were invented

Information about toys with a long history , including hoops, marbles, yo-yos and kaleidoscopes

A history of popular toys from Babylonian times to the present

See a list of  TIME Magazine's 100 Greatest Toys

Read about Tudor toys and Victorian games

From Barbie to LEGO, learn more about how your favourite toys were invented

Watch BBC videos about mechanical toys , games and toys in Roman times and find out how toys have changed in the last 100 years

The Rubik's Cube is one of the world's best-selling toys

See toys, games, and puzzles from the Smithsonian collections in the USA

Information about the history of popular games including Snakes & Ladders, marbles and Snobs

Look through pictures of toys, dolls, board games, video games, electronic games and other play-related artifacts from the National Museum of Play in the USA

Peer into beautiful dolls' houses , preserved at the V&A Museum of Childhood in London

Explore a range of Canadian-made and Canadian-played toys

A brief history of the doll's house

Find out more about wax dolls and other toys from the 19th and 20th centuries

See for yourself

Why not visit some of the UK's toy museums ?

• V&A Museum of Childhood, London
• Pollocks Toy Museum, London
• House on the Hill Toy Museum, Stansted
• Brighton Toy and Model Museum
• Ilkley Toy Museum
• The Teddy Bear Museum , Dorchester
• Museum of Childhood , Edinburgh

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