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5G in India: Roll Out, Advantages and Challenges

Last updated on January 23, 2022 by ClearIAS Team

The fifth-generation mobile network is popularly known as 5G.

5G is the next level of mobile network that will shape the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industrial 4.0.

Besides 5G also improve the quality of service delivery and aid in innovation by facilitating smarter and developing societies.

Table of Contents

What is 5G?

The 5G network will operate in the millimetre-wave spectrum   (30-300 GHz) which can send large amounts of data at very high speeds as the frequency is very high, and it experiences little interference from surrounding signals.

5G is the latest upgrade in the long-term evolution  (LTE) mobile broadband networks.

In the high-band spectrum of 5G, internet speeds have been tested to be as high as  20 Gbps (gigabits per second).

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5G mainly works in 3 bands:

• Low band spectrum: It has good coverage and speed of internet and data exchange however the maximum speed is  limited to 100 Mbps  (Megabits per second).
• Mid-band spectrum: It offers higher speeds compared to the low band, but has limitations in terms of coverage area and penetration of signals.
• High-band spectrum: It has the highest speed of all the three bands, but has extremely limited coverage and signal penetration strength.

What is the difference between 5G and 4G?

What is the global scenario.

Commercial 5G networks began to be deployed in 2020 worldwide and are expected to reach 12% of world mobile connections (1.1 billion) and generate revenues up to the U.S.$1.3 trillion by 2025 for operators.

5G had been deployed in 50 cities in the United States.

South Korea rolled out 5G to 85 cities.

Japan and China have started 5G mobile services on a trial basis.

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Is India ready for the 5G leap?

DoT confirmed that 13 cities in India would get 5G services in 2022. These include Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Gurugram, Chandigarh, Bangalore, Ahmadabad, Jamnagar, Hyderabad, Pune, Lucknow and Gandhinagar.

Advantages of 5G for India

The new generation mobile network has the transformative potential to provide a wide range of benefits to the Indian economy, which when combined with artificial intelligence provides a new face to a connected and autonomous system.

5G networks could improve the accessibility of services such as  mobile banking and healthcare , and enable exponential growth in opportunities for unemployed or underemployed people to engage in fulfilling and productive work.

The Indian policy-makers can  educate and empower citizens and businesses, and transform existing cities  into smart and innovative cities.

Socio-economic Benefits: This may allow citizens and communities to get socio-economic benefits and comforts delivered by a well-advanced, more data-intensive, digital economy.

• Broadly speaking, the uses of 5G in India may encompass enhanced outdoor and indoor broadband, the Internet of things (IoT) , smart cities and smart agriculture, energy monitoring, remote monitoring, smart grids, telehealth, industrial automation, remote patient monitoring, and industrial automation to name some of the areas.
• 5G technology can be used for agriculture and smart farming in the future. Using smart RFID sensors and GPS technology, farmers can track the location of livestock and manage them easily. Smart sensors can be used for irrigation contro l, access control, and energy management.
• It will support medical practitioners to perform advanced medical procedures with a reliable wireless network connected to another side of the globe. Doctors can connect with patients from anywhere anytime and advise them when necessary. Scientists are working on smart medical devices which can perform remote surgery. Smart medical devices like wearables will continuously monitor a patient’s condition and activate alerts during an emergency.

Challenges for rolling out 5G

• Critical infrastructures:  5G will require a  fundamental change to the core architecture of the communication system. Since the major flaw of data transfer using 5G is that it can’t carry data over longer distances, the 5G technology needs to be augmented to existing infrastructure.
• Financial liability:  For the transition from 4G to 5G technology, one has to upgrade to the latest cellular technology, thereby creating financial liability on consumers.
• Capital inadequacy:  Lack of adequate capital with suitable telecom companies (like Bharti Airtel and Vodafone Idea) is delaying the 5G spectrum allocation.
• Late adoption:  Countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including India, Bangladesh, and Indonesia are late in adopting 5G technology, hence, may get decreased revenue from the service.
• Government subsidies : The likelihood of government subsidies is low, because of the history of high reserve prices set by the governments for spectrum auctions amid ongoing fiscal deficits.
• Digital divide:  5G will not bridge the digital divide between rural and urban in the short term, rather this may increase it.
• Niche service:  5G will be a niche service unlike 3G and 4G which were distributive services. It will get intensified over a comparatively longer period and concentrated to particular sectors.
• Previous technology : Consumers are still struggling with basic network issues like call drops and interrupted data services. 4G networks still cause frequent disruptions in internet services.
• Interference: There are concerns that the rollout of 5G mobile service could potentially interfere with aircraft navigation systems. Air India cancelled eight flights on US routes in January 2022.

Hence it is important to elevate the quality of service of existing 4G networks before embarking on a new 5G platform.

Way forward

The immediate priority for India will be in identifying end-users and the population to be covered, the existing network and operators, identification of cities for the 5G rollout, working out an investment model, and minimization of the digital risk and pricing based on the usage of various sectors.

Existing infrastructure and capacity building

• The deployment of 5G in India needs to be carefully planned after a cost-benefit analysis by independent experts.
• This will create a level-playing field through market mechanisms such as facilitating, simulating, auctioning, ensuring competition, functioning markets, etc.

Sector-friendliness and financial aid:

• As the deployment of the 5G network is expensive, both the Central and State governments may need to consider measures that aid fibre investment, attract investment through public-private partnerships (PPPs), and facilitate investment funds on a nominal interest basis.
• The government should allow 100% foreign direct investment in the telecom sector along with other policy reforms which will attract investment into the sector.
• The Government needs to address information asymmetry and negative aspects through laws and regulations/taxes and subsidies.
• The deployment of 5G technology will also need the right of access to government infrastructure such as traffic lights, lamp posts, etc. where wireless operators can deploy electronic small cell apparatus.
• Reasonable fees may be charged by State and local governments to operators for affordable deployment of 5G equipment.
• Further, removing the tax burden for deploying fibre networks reduces associated costs and will promote investments, which will help in the smooth deployment of fibre in India.

Bridging the Rural-urban divide

• 5G can be deployed at different band spectrums and the low band spectrum, the range is much longer which is helpful for the rural areas.

Government’s Assistance: 

• One of the key inputs of 5G is the band spectrum which the government has complete control over. By managing the design of the spectrums, the government can control the price to be paid by the people.
• The government can also support the telecom companies to roll out networks that are sustainable and affordable for the public.

Spectrum pricing

• The government had recently failed to attract any bids in the 5G spectrum.
• The current proposals for the reserve price suggest the need to change the prices to conduct a successful auction.
• The pricing will have to be worked out keeping in mind the financial stress in the sector and affordability of services.

Manufacturing Sector in India

• As 5G starts taking shape in India, it is important to strengthen its domestic telecommunication manufacturing market so that the manufacturers and providers of these technologies will be able to make a mark in the global arena.

Viable Technology

• For widespread 5G deployment, it needs to become financially viable otherwise rural integration will remain a pipe dream.
• 5G technology has to be viable to the telecom operators too.

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India launches 5G services, Modi calls it step in new era

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi speaks at the launch of 5G services in India, in New Delhi, Saturday, Oct. 1, 2022. Modi launched the much-awaited services that aim to provide seamless coverage, high data rate, less delay in internet connectivity and highly reliable communications in presence of India’s telecom leaders in New Delhi, calling it a “step towards the new era.” (AP Photo)

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi launches 5G services in India, in New Delhi, Saturday, Oct. 1, 2022. Modi launched the much-awaited services that aim to provide seamless coverage, high data rate, less delay in internet connectivity and highly reliable communications in presence of India’s telecom leaders in New Delhi, calling it a “step towards the new era.” (AP Photo)

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NEW DELHI (AP) — Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched 5G services in India on Saturday, calling it a “step towards the new era.”

The launch in select cities will cover the entire country over the next couple of years, a government statement said.

Modi launched the much-awaited services that aim to provide seamless coverage, high data rate, less delay in internet connectivity and highly reliable communications in presence of India’s telecom leaders in New Delhi.

“This event will be etched in history,” Modi said at the launch. He said it was a “step towards the new era in the country” and “the beginning of infinite opportunities.”

Bharti Airtel is rolling out its 5G services in eight cities on Saturday and has set March 2024 as the deadline for countrywide coverage for as many as 5,000 towns.

Reliance Jio telecom company plans to start from four metropolitan areas in October and hopes to reach most cities and towns in 18 months.

The government said that the cumulative economic impact of 5G on India is expected to reach $450 billion by 2035.

Research agency OMDIA projects that with 369 million 5G subscriptions — over half the total global 5G subscriptions currently — India will be just behind China and the U.S. in world rankings by 2026. India would have ousted Japan from the third spot with 147 million customers, according to Business Standard newspaper.

Here's how India can embrace 5G to improve growth and productivity

India needs a secure and scalable national 5G infrastructure to take full advantage of this new technology Image:  REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui

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By spurring innovation and creating a new wave of opportunities, 5G will bring socio-economic growth to nations in every corner of the globe. It will enable a connected, digital society and act as a core foundation for the Fourth Industrial Revolution , building on the scale of billions of connected devices and a global system of vendors.

Like previous generations of mobile technology, 5G could have numerous impacts on people’s daily lives, irrespective of where they live - beyond simply economic. Depending on the different use cases and verticals, advantages could include increased access and availability to more advanced healthcare and education; reduced pollution; increased efficiency in transportation; and enhanced capabilities to respond to issues of public safety.

Have you read?

How 5g can advance the sdgs, 5g will redefine entire business models. here’s how, what is the future of 5g.

As new 5G-enabled services and applications are realized, new jobs will be created and talent upskilled and reskilled. These developments will help us establish and foster a cleaner, safer and more sustainable society for current and future generations. In fact, no person, no industry and no country, will be left untouched by the benefits of a 5G future.

While earlier generations of wireless pertained primarily to mobile operators, almost every sector stands to benefit from 5G, from manufacturing to energy and transport. It is a system developed not only to support massive growth in mobile broadband use but also, for the first time, to support broader uses cases that require secure and reliable connectivity. These might include massive machine-type communications (smart buildings, logistics, fleet management, smart agriculture and smart meters) and critical machine-type communications (traffic safety and control, remote manufacturing and industrial application). The advanced characteristics and technical specifications of 5G make it a stimulant for efficiency in existing businesses as well as a platform for further innovation.

India is focused on a digital agenda to transform the country, connecting its remotest corners so people can reap the benefits of digital inclusion. There is also a lot of emphasis on positioning the country as a global hub for manufacturing as part of the government’s Make in India campaign . Technologies such as 5G and the Internet of Things can play a critical role in enhancing and enabling advances in this sector. They will provide much-needed gains in efficiency and profitability but, at the same time, will be the foundation to create new processes and innovations.

However, for India to emerge as a manufacturing hub of global scale, a collaborative effort is required to build a secure and scalable national 5G infrastructure. India currently has a strong 4G footprint and it would be straightforward to build on this base and launch 5G, as other markets have. Active and continuous 5G trials and testbeds should be deployed to foster an environment of innovation and rapid adoption. As the technology proliferates, early movers will stand to benefit by gaining the right experience and creating new use cases.

The first 5G networks have already gone live in several markets around the world including the US, Asia, Australia and Europe. As expected, the first applications of 5G in these markets have been enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) which are targeted at consumers like us.

Having said that, to fully realize the potential of 5G the global community must come together to remove regulatory and policy barriers and modernize the network infrastructure. Governments need to collaborate with 5G network providers to encourage infrastructure investment and achieve larger, long-term objectives.

Under the theme, Innovating for India: Strengthening South Asia, Impacting the World , the World Economic Forum's India Economic Summit 2019 will convene key leaders from government, the private sector, academia and civil society on 3-4 October to accelerate the adoption of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies and boost the region’s dynamism.

Hosted in collaboration with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), the aim of the Summit is to enhance global growth by promoting collaboration among South Asian countries and the ASEAN economic bloc.

The meeting will address strategic issues of regional significance under four thematic pillars:

• The New Geopolitical Reality – Geopolitical shifts and the complexity of our global system

• The New Social System – Inequality, inclusive growth, health and nutrition

• The New Ecological System – Environment, pollution and climate change

• The New Technological System – The Fourth Industrial Revolution, science, innovation and entrepreneurship

Discover a few ways the Forum is creating impact across India.

Read our guide to how to follow #ies19 across our digital channels. We encourage followers to post, share, and retweet by tagging our accounts and by using our official hashtag.

Become a Member or Partner to participate in the Forum's year-round annual and regional events. Contact us now .

For 5G to become a reality - and for its benefits reach the many - governments and regulators across markets, including in India, must look at it as national infrastructure. In this way, it has the potential to be the basis on which digital visions of various nations are realized.

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World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.

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• With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology: PM Modi --> With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology: PM Modi --> With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology: PM Modi

With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology: PM Modi

Present on this historic occasion my cabinet colleagues, representatives from the industrial world of the country, other dignitaries, ladies and gentlemen!

This summit is global but the voice is local. Moreover, the beginning too is local. Today is a special day to witness as well as showcase the potential of the developing India of the 21st century. In this period of 'Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav', the date October 1, 2022 is going to be recorded in history. Secondly, the Navratri festival has begun. This is a festival of worshipping ‘Shakti’. Similarly, the biggest strength of the 21st century is also being unveiled today to take it to a new height. Today, on behalf of the country and the telecom industry of the country, 130 crore Indians are receiving a wonderful gift in the form of 5G. 5G has started a new era in the country. 5G is the beginning of an infinite sky of opportunities. I congratulate every Indian for the same.

Apart from these moments of pride, I am also delighted that as 5G is getting introduced, the children from the rural schools, the villages, the labourers and the poor are also participating with us in the event. A short while ago, I was getting acquainted with a daughter of a rural school in UP through 5G hologram technology. When I was campaigning in the 2012 elections with holograms, it was a wonder for the world. Today this technology is reaching every household. I realized how new technology was changing the meaning of education for them. Similarly, through 5G, children even from the remotest schools in villages of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Odisha are learning new things in the classroom with top experts. It is indeed a thrilling experience to be a part of a new age classroom with them.

India's efforts on 5G have another message for all. New India will not remain as a mere consumer of technology, but India will play a very active role in the development and implementation of that technology. India will play a crucial role in designing the wireless technology of the future as well as in the manufacturing related to it. During the era of 2G, 3G and 4G India was dependent on other countries for technology. But with 5G, India has created a new history. With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology for the first time. India is leading others. Today, every person using the Internet understands that 5G will change the entire framework of the Internet. That is why today 5G has brought a huge opportunity for the youth of India. I am glad that our country, which is moving forward with the resolve of a developed India, is walking hand in hand with the other countries of the world. This is a huge success for India, as well as for the Digital India campaign.

When we talk about Digital India, some people think that it is just a government scheme. But Digital India is not just a name, it is a big vision for the development of the country. The goal of this vision is to carry that technology to the common people, which works for the people and works by connecting with the people. I still remember, when the strategy was being chalked out for this vision related to the mobile sector, I had reiterated that our approach should not be piecemeal, but holistic. For the success of Digital India, it was necessary to cover all the dimensions of this sector at once. So we focused on the 4 pillars and the four directions at once. First - cost of the device, second - digital connectivity, third - cost of data, fourth and most importantly - the idea of 'digital first'

When it comes to the first pillar i.e. the price of the device, one thing is very clear; the cost of a device can come down only when we are self-reliant. You might remember that many people had mocked me when I had spoken of self-reliance. Till 2014, we used to import almost 100 per cent mobile phones from abroad. Hence, we decided to become self-reliant in this sector. We increased mobile manufacturing units. In 2014, there were only 2 mobile manufacturing units in the country i.e. 8 years ago there were only 2. But now their number is above 200. We gave incentives to increase the production of mobile phones in India and encouraged the private sector. Today the PLI scheme is an extension of this initiative. The results of these efforts were very positive. Today, India ranks number 2 in the world in mobile phone production. Moreover, earlier we used to import mobiles. Today we are exporting mobiles and taking them to the world. Just imagine! From exporting zero mobile phones in 2014, today we have become a country exporting mobile phones worth thousands of crores. We have become an exporting country. Naturally, all these efforts have had an impact on the cost of the device. Now we have started getting more features at a lower cost.

The second pillar we worked on after the device cost is digital connectivity. You are well aware that the real strength of the communication sector lies in connectivity. The more the people connect, the better for the sector. If we talk about broadband connectivity, then in 2014 there were 6 crore users. Today their number has increased to more than 80 crores. Speaking of the number of internet connections, in 2014 there were 25 crore internet connections but today its number is reaching about 85 crores. It is also worth noting that today the number of internet users in our rural areas is increasing faster than the number of internet users in the cities. And there is a special reason for the same. In 2014, the optical fiber had reached less than 100 panchayats in the country while today optical fiber has reached more than one lakh 70 thousand panchayats. Now compare 100 with one lakh 70 thousand! Just like the government had started a campaign to provide electricity to every household, like it worked on the mission of providing clean water to everyone through the Har Ghar Jal Abhiyan, delivered gas cylinders to the poorest of the poorest people through the Ujjwala scheme and connected crores of people deprived of bank accounts to the bank through Jan Dhan Yojana, similarly, our government is working on the goal of ‘Internet for all’

With the expansion of digital connectivity, the cost of data becomes equally important. This was the third pillar of Digital India on which we worked with full force. We have removed all the hurdles coming in the way of the telecom sector. Earlier, the telecom sector had to face many difficulties due to lack of vision and lack of transparency. You are familiar with the way by which we have given policy support for the expansion of 4G technology. This led to a drastic reduction in the cost of data and the birth of a data revolution in the country. Seeing these three factors, the cost of the device, the cost of digital connectivity and data – its multiplier effect started appearing everywhere.

But Friends,

Besides these things, another important thing happened i.e. the idea of 'digital first' developed in the country. There was a time when a handful of people from the elite class , the scholarly class, used to watch some speeches of the House and mocked it. They used to think that poor people did not have the ability to go digital or they could not understand digital. They used to doubt it. They suspected that poor people would not even understand the meaning of digital. But I have always had the trust in the intellect of the common man of the country and his inquisitive mind. I have seen that even the poorest of the poor Indians are ahead in terms of adopting new technologies and let me share one experience. Probably it was the period of 2007-08 or 2009-10, I don't clearly remember. I was the Chief Minister of Gujarat but there was one area where I had never been to. It was a tribal area and a very backward one. So, we had to organise an event there once. That area was such that there was no possibility of any major project. It was largely a forest-land. So finally a chilling centre was supposed to come up there. The chilling centre of milk was worth Rs 25 lakh. I said, "I will inaugurate it myself. It doesn’t matter if it is a Rs 25 lakh project or just a Rs 25,000 project’’. Now people feel that the Chief Minister should not be inaugurating small projects. But it doesn't really matter to me. So I went to that village. There was no place for me to even hold a public meeting. There was a small school ground 4 km away from the place. So, a public meeting was organized there. But when we went to the chilling centre, I found the tribal mothers and sisters standing in a queue to fill milk. So when we went there and started with the inauguration programme, they placed their pots of milk down and started taking photos with their mobiles. I was surprised that people in such a remote area were clicking photos with mobiles. So I went to them and asked- "what will you do with this photo?" They said that they would ‘download

I was really surprised to hear these words. Such is the power in the villages of our country. The poor mothers and sisters of the tribal area who had come to fill milk were taking photos from their mobile phones and they knew that they could download it. The word 'download' coming out of their mouths gives us an idea of their intellect and their acceptance of new things. I was in Gujarat yesterday. When I was going to visit Ambaji pilgrimage area, there were small villages on the way. More than half the people were recording videos with their mobiles. That is the strength of our country! We cannot ignore this power and only some people from the elite class of the country did not believe in our poor brothers and sisters. Eventually we managed to go ahead with the approach of 'digital first'. The government itself went ahead and made the way for digital payments easier. The government itself has promoted citizen-centric delivery service through the app. Whether it is about farmers or small shopkeepers, we have given them a way to meet their daily needs through the app. Today you can see the result of the same. Today technology has become truly democratic. You have also seen how much our approach of 'digital first' has helped the people of the country during the Corona pandemic when the major developed countries of the world were struggling to help their citizens. There were rupee, dollars, pounds, euros and everything else in their treasury. They had also decided to give away funds but there was no way to reach the people. Whereas, India was transferring thousands of crores of rupees to the accounts of the citizens of my country with a single click. It was due to the power of Digital India that even when the world had come to a halt, our children were taking online classes and studying. Hospitals were faced with an extraordinary challenge, but doctors were treating their patients through tele-medicine. Offices were closed, but 'work from home' was going on. Today we have small traders, small entrepreneurs, local artists, artisans and Digital India has given a platform to everyone. It has opened a market. Today, if you go to the vegetable market or a local market, even a small street vendor will ask you to pay with UPI. Once I came across a video where even a beggar was taking the money digitally. Look at the Transparency! This change shows how one becomes empowered when facilities are easily accessible.

The revolution that the country is witnessing in the telecom sector today is proof that if the government works with the right intention, then it does not take long to change the intentions of the citizens. This is the difference between the intention of 2G and the intention of 5G. Better late than never. India today is one of those countries in the world where data is so cheap and affordable. Earlier, where the cost of 1GB data was close to Rs 300, today the cost of 1GB data has come down to only Rs 10. Today in India, a person is using an average of 14 GB data on mobile in a month. In 2014, the cost of this 14 GB data was around Rs 4200 per month. Today, the same amount of data is available for Rs 100 or Rs 150. That is, today about Rs 4000 of the poor and the middle class is being saved every month on mobile data. With so many efforts of our government, the cost of data in India remains very low. Saving 4000 rupees every month is not a small thing, but you realised it after I told you because we never blew our own trumpet. We did not advertise. We only focused upon the convenience of the people of the country to enhance their ease of living.

It is often said that India could not take advantage of the first three industrial revolutions. But I believe that India will not only take full advantage of the Fourth Industrial Revolution but will also lead it and scholars have started saying that it is not just India's decade but this entire century belongs to India. This is not a decade but a century. We are all witnesses to the way India has leapfrogged in the world of technology after the arrival of 4G. When the citizens of India get equal opportunities in technology, then no one in the world can beat them. So today when 5G is being launched in India, I feel very confident friends. I am able to foresee the future and we will see the dreams in our hearts and minds getting fulfilled. We are the ones who are going to see it happen in front of our eyes. Coincidentally, just a few weeks back India has become the 5th largest economy in the world. And so, this is an opportunity for our youth, who with the help of 5G technology can make innovations that grab the attention of the world. This is an opportunity for our entrepreneurs who can expand and grow themselves using 5G technology. This is the opportunity for the common man of India who can use this technology to improve his skills, up-skill, re-skill and convert his ideas into reality.

Today's historic occasion has brought new inspiration for us as a nation and as citizens of India. Why don't we use this 5G technology to accelerate India's development at an unprecedented pace? Why don't we use this 5G technology to expand our economy very fast? Why don't we increase our productivity by using this 5G technology?

In these questions there is an opportunity, a challenge, a dream and a resolution for every Indian. I am aware that today the class which is watching the launching of 5G with the most enthusiasm is the youth or the younger generation of my country. There are several major opportunities waiting for our telecom industry. Several new employment opportunities are going to be created. I am sure, our industry, our institutes and our youth will work together in this direction ceaselessly. I was trying to understand the exhibition which is going on for a long time. I am not so tech-savvy but I was trying to comprehend. Seeing this, I felt like informing the government to see where this could be applied and incorporated in the various departments of our government so that its impact could also be seen in the policies of the government. This exhibition is going to run for five days. I would especially urge the students of technology to come, see it, and understand the way the world is changing. Once you see it, you will notice many new things. You can also add to that. I would also like to say to the people of this telecom sector that I was very happy when I visited every stall and they said that it was Indigenous, made in a self-reliant way. Everyone was saying it with great pride. I was happy but something else was going on in my mind. I was wondering that there are various different types of cars. Each has its own brand and uniqueness. But those who deliver the spare parts for these cars belong to the MSME sector. The same factory from the same MSME makes spare parts for six types of vehicles and makes minor repair works. I felt that you were also displaying the hardware. Should the MSME sector be given work to make small parts of the hardware needed for this too? I want to create a huge ecosystem. I am not a trader or businessman. I have nothing to do with money, but I believe that this way the cost will come down at once. This is the strength of our MSME sector

You have to provide that service only by adding your uniqueness and other things like software etc. So I understand that all of you will have to work together and only then the cost will come down. There are many things that we generally do together. I have also seen that most of the youngsters who have worked in startups have been skilled-up in this field. I also wish to tell the startups to find out the number of services you can provide in this field. How many user-friendly systems can be developed? That's the benefit of it after all. But I would like one more thing. Could your association run a movement together? How could this 5G be useful in the lives of the people in at least all the district headquarters of India? Could exhibitions educating the people be organised? Let me give a small example from my experience. It was a dream in our country to have 24 hours electricity. When I was in Gujarat I had come up with a scheme called Jyotigram Yojana and my dream was to give 24x7 electricity to every household in Gujarat. Now all my officers used to say that maybe it was not possible to do that. So I gave a simple solution. I said that we should separate the agriculture feeder and the domestic feeder. After doing that, we completed the work in each and every district. So, one job was completed. Then we would hold a major summit in that district. 2-2.5 lakh people used to attend the event because getting 24 hours electricity was an occasion of great joy! That was the period of 2003-04-05. I held an exhibition of all the works that could be accomplished with electricity and all the machines that could run on electricity. Otherwise people might have equated electricity just with being able to eat dinner at night or watching TV. But electricity could be used in various ways. So, educating about it was also necessary. But what I realised was that after the huge exhibition even the tailors would try to think about how to set up their machines with 24 hours electricity; even the potter decided the type of electric equipment he would purchase and the mothers and daughters across the country too started thinking about the electric equipments they could use in the kitchen. That is when a huge market came up and multiple utility of electricity had started. Similarly, with 5G people would start thinking of multiple uses in their lives as the videos could be downloaded pretty fast. It wouldn't buffer for long if a person wants to watch reels. The phone doesn't get disconnected from the internet. There can be video conferences with clear video and audio. You can make phone calls. Moreover, this is going to be a life changing system. Therefore I would ask the association of this industry to go to schools, colleges, universities and every district of India and find out the number of aspects that exist where 5G could be applied and we need to add value to the same. So this will be a service for you and this technology should not be limited to just talking or watching any video in life. It should be used to bring about a complete revolution and we have to reach 130 crore people. This won't take much time. I had just come up with the Drone Policy. Today I have seen that in many areas they have started the work of spraying pesticides from the drone. They have learnt to operate drones and that's why I believe we should go towards these systems.

And friends,

In the coming times, the country will continuously lead such technologies, which will originate in India, which will make India a global leader. With that belief, I wish you all the very best! Once again, I congratulate all the countrymen for the launch of 5G, a great medium of power, on the auspicious festival of Shakti worship. Thanks a lot!

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India’s biggest 5G challenge: Ensuring that it does not lead to new cybersecurity woes

5g could instigate a new digital revolution in india, but what are the challenges that come with it.

Written by Lt Gen Dr SP Kochhar, Director General, COAI

India is at the cusp of a digital revolution that has the potential to radically transform our daily lives. The revolution will be powered by 5G and simply put, would involve the transmission of large amounts of data over high speeds. How would this impact our lives?

Imagine a world where driverless cars are a reality. A post-pandemic world where doctors monitor your health remotely. Imagine AI-enabled drones monitoring agricultural land, construction sites, defense areas, and generating reports in real-time. All this would be enabled through 5G communication.

5G will push us into a world of interconnected networks, devices, and applications where each activity will become a potential attack vector. It will give a strong impetus to new technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), etc. These new technologies involve the transfer and exchange of large amounts of data. This could translate into security challenges if data gets intercepted by people with dubious intentions. In short, 5G will escalate our vulnerability to security breaches with its attributes of edge computing, dynamic bandwidth sharing, among others.

Earlier, cyber-hygiene was possible because preceding networks were hub-and-spoke designs in which everything came down to hardware choke points that could inspect possible threats. However, 5G will push this outward to a web of digital routers spread throughout the network. What was possible before via physical appliances will now be virtualised to perform software higher-level network functions. Moreover, the network would also be managed by AI-software that could itself be vulnerable and may give the attacker unsolicited control over the network.

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The dynamic nature of 5G will expand the potential source points for cyber threats. Low-cost, short-range, small-cell antennas deployed throughout urban areas will become the new hard targets. These cell sites will use 5G’s Dynamic Spectrum Sharing capability in which multiple streams of information share the bandwidth in so-called “slices” with each slice embedding its own varying degree of cyber risk. Such dynamic shift in the functions of the network requires also dynamic cyber protection solutions rather than constant reliance on a uniform lowest common denominator solution.

5G will usher a hyper-connected world by connecting billions of IoT inclusive hackable smart devices. The used cases of IoT can be found everywhere, from public safety to battlefield, from healthcare to transportation – all of which are immensely vulnerable.  With so many participants, each dependent on the other, robust and reliable security infrastructure is a must. Consumers, organisations, and cities across the country seeking to use 5G, at present, are ill-equipped to handle its subsequent potential cyber threats. The present cybersecurity principles lay the burden on each user. Hence, targeted government interventions post extensive review and comparison of current security standards with 5G cyber risk factors is important.

Industry stakeholders must be encouraged to share cyber risks identified internally. This information could be a great asset in developing a strong collective defense. Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) today operate in isolation in an economic environment that goes against investments that do not contribute to profit. Hence, protective actions on cybersecurity undertaken by one TSP could be undermined without the contribution of other TSPs towards the same. Therefore, the sentiment of cyber accountability must be stirred with the combination of proper market-based incentives and apt regulatory oversight.

Customers fail to link their purchasing decision to a potential cyber risk outcome. This is because TSPs and application vendors have failed to publicise meaningful security indicators. We understand that the pace at which deployment is happening is important but without a good targeting solution, it can be disastrous. Hence, companies must now embrace and be held accountable for a new cyber regime. Chronic underinvestment in cyber risk reduction should be reversed, AI and machine learning should be employed towards data protection. A proactive shift to leading indicators of cyber-preparedness should be made. Best of class practices to identify, protect, detect, respond, and recover from cyber threats must be adapted.

Also Read | Explained: What is 5G, and how prepared is India to adapt to this tech?

Government must establish a new cyber regulatory archetype to reflect the new realities of the time.  Adversarial relationships between the regulators and the regulated must now be reversed to give way to effective cyber relationships. Companies that embrace their cyber responsibilities should not be penalised. Consumer transparency should be promoted. Assessment and certification of connected devices for security should be done.

Moreover, international bodies should be re-engaged. An informed third-party oversight, early in the 5G industry’s design and deployment cycle, is vital to prioritise cyber-security. In addition to this, there should be no compromise in adhering to the globally harmonised security standards developed by 3GPP standardisation body for 5G.

5G is critical for India to take strides into the future and to be competitive in the global arena. However, to make this a reality what is also important is digital literacy and an increased consciousness towards data security. Building a scientific temper and developing an understanding of revolutionary technologies like 5G can truly make our country a global digital powerhouse.

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5G in India: How next-gen technology changes your life

5g network ushers a new era of digital solution in india. the latest network service was launched by prime minister narendra modi at 6th india mobile congress in new delhi..

Bringing a new era in technology, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the 5G telecom services in India today. The technology seeks to provide seamless coverage, high data rate, low latency and highly reliable communications system. 5G services are also expected to play a major role to achieve the economic goal of making India a $5-trillion economy by 2024-25. According to experts, 5G will have a cumulative economic impact of $1 trillion by 2035 and can deliver an additional GDP of $150 billion for the country, between 2025-40.

At the launch event, PM Modi also spent time understanding the indigenous development of end-to-end 5G technology and different use cases of the service.

Here are 10 ways that 5G could change your life

-For consumers, 5G promises higher data speeds over 4G. At its peak, internet speeds on 5G could touch 10 Gbps, compared to the 100 Mbps peak of 4G.

-5G technology offers latency as low as 1ms. For the unversed, latency is the time taken by the device to send packets of data and get a response. Shorter the latency, quicker the response.

-5G technology will provide seamless coverage in remote areas across the country. It will increase energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency and network efficiency.

-5G will also usher in the ear of technology advances in the country such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and more. These technologies will have have end-to-end affect on multiple sectors - healthcare, agriculture, education, disaster management and others.

-5G will enhance the fan experience at live music festivals and sports events like football matches. The low latency offered by 5G will offer immersive experience to sports lovers.

-5G will also enable new services and products powered by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The advanced abilities offered by 5G networks will also drive new business models.

-The arrival of 5G will also transform the transport and mobility sector. Using 5G, a network of electric vehicles (EVs) and charging stations can be established to help maximise the cost-effectiveness of the EV ecosystem;

-Next-generation 5G network will also aid the remote working more effectively. 5G-powered smart buildings can help provide more comfortable working environment for the employees, boosting productivity along with reducing costs for employers.

-5G technology will give a boost to the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The all-new 5G services will connect a variety of IoT (Internet of Things) sensors and devices to automate the scheduling of various processes.

-5G will enable customers to watch 4K video on their phones. It will also enable the use of AR/VR, mobile gaming apps, and a number of other immersive activities and new applications.

-Next-generation 5G technology will also have an impact on the way of production and distribution of goods. Applications of 5G in the manufacturing sector includes reduced costs, lower down time, minimum wastage and improve productivity. 5G is expected to bring the logistics cost to 5% from 13-14% at present.

-5G will also have a big impact in the safety and surveillance sector. 5G technology and its applications will enable remote control over disaster hit areas, live 4K feed from HD camera installed in public spaces and more. It will also help in minimising the role of humans in dangerous industrial operations such as in deep mines, offshore activities etc.

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Essay On 5g Technology: Free Samples Available for Students

• Updated on  
• Dec 29, 2023

Congratulations to the world on the evolution of technology; from the first general-public computer named INIAC in 1945 to 5g technology in 2022, technology has greatly improved and has eased our lives. 5g technology is the advanced version of the 4g LTE (Long Term Evolution) mobile broadband service. We have all grown up from traditional mobile top-ups to digital recharges. According to sources, 5g is 10 times faster than 4g; a 4g connection has a download speed of 1 GBPS (Gigabyte Per Sec) and 5g has 10 GBPS. Below we have highlighted some sample essay on 5g technology.

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on 5G Technology in 250 words
• 2.0.1 Conclusion
• 3 Benefits of 5G
• 4 10 Lines to Add to Your Essay on Technology

Also Read: Short Speech on Technology for School Students Short Essay on 5g Technology

The fifth generation or 5g technology for mobile networks was deployed all over the world in 2019, with South Korea becoming the first country to adopt it on a large scale. In mobile or cellular networks, the service or operating areas are divided into geographical units termed cells. The radio waves connect all the 5g mobile devices in a cell with the telephone network and the Internet. 

5g is 10 times faster than its predecessor, 4g, and can connect more devices in a particular area. Not only this, it also introduces new technologies such as Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output), beamforming, and network slicing. Before switching to 5g, make sure to remember that 5g is not compatible with 4g devices.

Also Read: Essay on Health and Fitness for Students

Essay on 5G Technology in 250 words

The fifth generation of networks is the 5G network and this network promises to bring faster internet speed, lower latency, and improved reliability to mobile devices. In India, it is expected to have a significant impact on several industries such as healthcare, education, agriculture, entertainment, etc.

5G carries a lot of features such as:-

• Higher speeds: – The 5G network will have wider bandwidth which will allow for more data to flow. Hence, it will result in higher download and upload speeds.
• More capacity :- 5G network, in comparison to 4G, will have greater capacity to hold more network devices. This is very essential as the number of network devices increases each day.
• Lower latency: – 5G network will have much lower latency. This is essential for many tasks such as video conferencing or even online gaming which is a known profession these days. 

Due to all these, a lot of things will have a positive impact. Connectivity will improve and enable even the most rural areas to become connected to the rest of the world. 5G technology will help revolutionise the healthcare industry in India in ways such as telemedicine, remote surgeries, real-time patient monitoring, etc. 

However, like any other innovation, 5G does come with some concerns. There are certain concerns regarding the security of the 5G network, hence Indian Government needs to ensure that this network is safe from all the cyber threats. Also, although not proven, there are some concerns regarding the effects of 5G radiation on health. 

There is no doubt that 5G technology holds immense potential for India. And although there are many challenges to its deployment, the Indian Government and other industry experts should work together to over come these challenges and make the most of this technology.

350 Word Essay on 5g Technology

How significantly technology has improved. 50 years back nobody would have imagined that a mobile connection would allow us to connect anywhere in the world. With 5g technology, we can connect virtually anywhere with anyone in real-time. This advanced broadband connection offers us a higher internet speed, which can reach up to two-digit gigabits per second (Gbps). This increase in internet speed is achieved through the use of higher-frequency radio waves and advanced technologies.

The world of telecommunication is evolving at a very fast pace. 3g connectivity was adopted in 2003, 4g in 2009, and 5g in 2019. the advent of 5G technology represents an enormous leap forward, promising to reshape the way we connect, communicate, and interact with the digital world. 

The 5th Generation of mobile networks stands out from its predecessors in speed, latency, and the capacity to support a larger array of devices and applications. 5g speed is one of the most remarkable features, which allows us to download large amounts of files from the internet in mere seconds. Not only this, it also allows us smoother streaming of HD content and opens the door to transformative technologies.  Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) experiences, which demand substantial data transfer rates, will become more immersive and accessible with 5G.

What is the difference between 5g and 4g?

The difference between 5g and 4g technologies clearly highlighted in their speed, latency, frequency bands, capacity and multiple other uses.

• The average downloading speed of 4g connectivity was 5 to 1000 Mbps (megabytes per sec). But with 5g, this speed increases 10 times.
• 4G networks had a latency of around 30-50 milliseconds and 5g reduces latency to as low as 1 millisecond or even less.
• 4G networks mainly use lower frequency bands below 6 GHz, but,  5g utilizes a broader range of frequencies, including lower bands (sub-6 GHz) and higher bands (millimeter waves or mmWave).
• 4g was well-suited for broadband applications like web browsing, video streaming, and voice calls. 5g is capable of supporting a large number of applications from smart cities, critical communication services, and applications that demand ultra-reliable low-latency communication.

Benefits of 5G

• Lower Latency: 5G Network will have extremely lower latency compared to that of 4G LTE. This will result in a much more smoother experience in terms of real time communication such as video conferencing or online gaming.
• Faster Speeds : 5G Network is expected to peak at high speeds of around 10 Gbps which is extremely high as compared to that of 4G LTE. This will result in high download as well as upload speeds and much smoother video streaming, etc.
• New Applications: Some applications that were not possible with 4G LTE will now be possible because of 5G such as remote surgery, augmented reality, etc.
• More Capacity: 5G bands can support Much more devices as compared to 4G LTE networks. This is extremely important as the number of connected grows everyday.

Also Read: Essay on Farmer for School Students

10 Lines to Add to Your Essay on Technology

Here are 10 simple and easy quotes on 5g technology. You can add them to your essay on 5g technology or any related writing topic to impress your readers.

• 5g technology is the fifth generation of mobile or cellular networks.
• 5g offers significantly higher download speeds, reaching several gigabits per second.
• 5g technology’s ultra-low latency is one of the most striking features, which can reduce delays to as little as 1 millisecond.
• 5G utilizes a diverse spectrum, including both lower bands (sub-6 GHz) and higher bands (mmWave).
• The increased speed and low latency of 5G support emerging technologies like augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR).
• It enables a massive Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, connecting a vast number of devices simultaneously.
• 5G is essential for applications requiring real-time responsiveness, such as autonomous vehicles and remote surgery.
• The deployment of 5G networks is underway globally, transforming how we connect and communicate.
• Smart cities leverage 5G to enhance efficiency through interconnected systems and sensors.
• As the backbone of the digital era, 5G technology is driving innovation and shaping the future of connectivity.

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Ans: 5g technology is the advanced generation of the 4g technology. It’s a mobile broadband service, which allows users to have faster access to the internet. Our everyday tasks on the internet will be greatly improved using 5g technology. 5g is 10 times faster than its predecessor, 4g and can connect more devices in a particular area. Not only this, it also introduces new technologies such as Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output), beamforming, and network slicing. Before switching to 5g, make sure to remember that 5g is not compatible with 4g devices.

Ans: 4g technology has a download speed of 5 to 10 Gbps. This broadband service is 10 times faster than its predecessor, 4g.

Ans: 5g is an advanced version of the 4g connectivity in terms of speed, latency, frequency bands, capability, and uses. 4G networks had a latency of around 30-50 milliseconds and 5g reduces latency to as low as 1 millisecond or even less.

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TRAI issues Consultation Paper on “Digital Transformation through 5G Ecosystem”

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has today issued a Consultation Paper on “Digital Transformation through 5G Ecosystem”. The objective of this consultation paper is to identify the policy challenges and suggest the right policy framework for faster adoption and effective utilisation of new technologies for the holistic and sustainable development of the economy driven by 5G ecosystem.

India is undergoing a rapid digital transformation that is reshaping its economy and society. Fast and reliable mobile communication technologies are helping the Government in realising the objectives of Digital India programme. It is providing a boost to our economy and empowering the citizens through services like unified payment interface (UPI) and several other innovative G2B and G2C applications. With the advent of technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented/Virtual Reality (AR/VR) and Metaverse, India is poised to unlock new opportunities for growth and innovation.

The 5G services was launched in India on 1 st October 2022 and the Telecom Service Providers are aggressively rolling out the 5G network across the length and breadth of the country. Government has taken several initiatives for building 5G infrastructure and for promoting R&D. TRAI has also made several recommendations for faster deployment of 5G network and services in the country. Cross sectoral collaborative initiatives have also been taken for facilitating fast roll out of 5G. In addition to the deployment of 5G infrastructure, development and deployment of new use cases for consumers and enterprises is essential for wide spread adoption and full realization of the potential of 5G technology. When 5G is used along with AI, extended reality (XR), and the Internet of Things (IoT), it will enable business and society to realise the full benefits of these other technological advances.

However, achieving this will require effective ecosystem collaboration between TSPs, OEMs, Infrastructure providers, and the Government to increase consumer adoption and market readiness to unlock large-scale benefits of 5G. Adequate infrastructure upgradation and fiberisation for 5G deployment, along with network densification need to be addressed to realise the full benefit of the technology across industries. 5G adoption will depend on factors such as dedicated R&D investments to develop India-specific use cases, enterprise penetration, device affordability, and consumer adoption.

With this background, the Authority has come out with this consultation paper on suo-motu basis to identify the policy challenges and suggest the right policy framework for faster adoption and effective utilisation of new technologies for the holistic and sustainable development of the economy driven by 5G ecosystem.

The Consultation Paper has been placed on TRAl’s website www.trai.gov.in for seeking inputs from the stakeholders. Written comments on the issues for consultation are invited from the stakeholders by 30 th October 2023 and counter-comments, if any, by   13 th November 2023.

The comments and counter-comments may be sent, preferably in electronic form by e-mail to [email protected] with a copy to [email protected] . For any clarification/information, Ms. Vandana Sethi, Advisor (Admin & IR) may be contacted at Tel. No. +91-11-23221509.

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5G to account for 2% of India’s GDP by 2030: Study

The report noted that the 5G sector in India will generate revenues of nearly $180 billion by 2030

5G telecom networks are expected to represent nearly 2% of India’s GDP by 2030, according to a recent report by India’s National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM) and Arthur D. Little.

The report anticipates that the 5G sector will generate revenues of nearly $180 billion by 2030.

“With over 500 million 5G users in India by 2030, 5G can be truly transformational for the economy. With public and private 5G networks enabling use cases across multiple sectors such as mobility, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, energy and utilities, 5G can have an impact of over $180 billion on India’s economy in 2030,” said Barnik Chitran Maitra, managing partner of Arthur D. Little India and South Asia.

According to the report, 5G is expected to create new value through “hyperconnectivity” and become a catalyst for digital transformation across industries in India. Sectors such as healthcare, energy and utilities, manufacturing and retail are expected to benefit the most from the large scale adoption of 5G technology.

“For India, 5G provides an opportunity for industries to augment the pace of digitization at the grassroots level and for consumers to gain with economies of scale,” said Debjani Ghosh, president of NASSCOM.

“Achieving this will require effective ecosystem collaboration between telcos, OEMs (original equipment makers), infrastructure companies, and the Government to increase consumer adoption and market readiness to unlock largescale benefits of 5G,” Ghosh added.

Indian telcos Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel have started to gradually deploy 5G infrastructure across the country.

Reliance Jio Infocomm recently launched the beta trial of its 5G services in parts of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Varanasi, Nathdwara, Bengaluru and Hyderabad. The carrier confirmed that its 5G service is offered through the 5G Standalone architecture and through a mix of wireless spectrum across the 700 MHz, 3.5 GHz and 26 GHz bands. It uses carrier aggregation that combines these 5G frequencies.

The telco also said it expects to provide full 5G coverage in the city of Kolkata by June 2023, while major parts of the city will be covered with this technology by next month, according to local press reports.

Jio also said it expects to launch 5G in the city of Siliguri in the coming days.

Last month, Airtel announced the launch of 5G services in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Siliguri, Nagpur and Varanasi.

This week, Bharti Airtel said that its 5G service has been recently activated in the cities of Gurugram and Panipat. The carrier also aims to launch 5G in the city of Kolkata in the near future, according to local press reports.

Earlier this month, Bharti Airtel announced that it has already reached 1 million unique 5G subscribers in less than 30 days since it had commercially launched this technology in certain areas of the country.

Meanwhile, Vodafone Idea is currently in talks with several venders for the supply of 5G gear. The telco is also seeking to obtain financial resources for the launch of its 5G network.

Indian state-owned telecom operator Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) could launch 5G services by August of next year, according to recent press reports.

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• Bharti Airtel
• Reliance Jio Infocomm
• Vodafone Idea

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5G technology launched

Syllabus: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, and robotics.

Source: Economic Times

Context : Government has launched commercial 5G Services

Key Highlights from the launch event:

• At the time of the launch of 2G, 3G and 4G services , India was dependent on other countries. But with 5G, the country is setting foot in a new historical era and is leading globally.
• 5G technology will provide seamless coverage, high data rate, low latency, and highly reliable It will increase energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency and network efficiency .
• 5G as technology multiplier: 5G is much more than the next generation of technology. It actually unlocks the potential of other technologies like Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, Robotics, Blockchain, and Metaverse.
• Other applications: 5G will help in real-time monitoring of disasters, precision agriculture, and minimising the role of humans in dangerous industrial operations such as in deep mines, and offshore activities, the government has underlined.
• National Digital Communications Policy 2018 : Emphasis on integration of digital ecosystem (including 5G) with economic and societal growth.
• Focus area for India should be: Price of the device, digital connectivity, cost of data, and the idea of ‘digital first’

Demonstration of practical use of 5G services:

• Education: 5G facilitate education by bringing teachers closer to students (through effective virtual classes), obliviating the physical distance between them.
• Education: A girl from Uttar Pradesh will witness a lively and immersive education experience to learn about the solar system with the help of Virtual reality and Augmented reality .
• Safety: Safety of workers in an under-construction tunnel of Delhi Metro through the creation of a Digital Twin of the tunnel on the.
• What is 5G?
• 5G is the next generation of mobile broadband that will eventually replace, or at least augment 4G LTE connection .

Features and benefits of the 5G technology:

• Operate in  the millimetre wave spectrum (30-300 GHz)  which has the advantage of sending large amounts of data at very high speeds.
• Operate in  3 bands,  namely low, mid and high-frequency spectrum.
• Reduced latency  (means higher speed) will support new applications that leverage the power of 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence.
• Increased capacity  on 5G networks can minimize the impact of load spikes, like those that take place during sporting events and news events.

What are the potential health risks of 5G?

To date, and after much research performed,  no adverse health effect has been causally linked with exposure to wireless technologies.

• Tissue heating  is the main mechanism of interaction between radiofrequency fields and the human body. Radiofrequency exposure levels from current technologies result in  negligible temperature rise in the human body.
• As the frequency increases,   there is less penetration into the body tissues  and absorption of the energy becomes more confined to the surface of the body (skin and eye).
• Previously, Bollywood actor Juhi Chawla had moved the Delhi High Court seeking  a scientific study on any adverse effects of radio-frequency radiation emitted by cellular telecommunications using 5G technology on ‘health, life, organ or limb of adult or child, or to flora and fauna’ before its official rollout in the country.

Provided that the overall exposure remains below international guidelines,  no consequences for public health are anticipated.

What are the international exposure guidelines?

Two international bodies produce exposure guidelines on electromagnetic fields. Many countries currently adhere to the guidelines recommended by:

• The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection.
• The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, through the International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety.

These guidelines are not technology-specific. They cover radio frequencies up to 300 GHz, including the frequencies under discussion for 5G.

International efforts- International Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Project:

WHO established the International Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Project in 1996. The project investigates the health impact of exposure to electric and magnetic fields in the frequency range 0-300 GHz and advises national authorities on EMF radiation protection.

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Q. Discuss the significance of 5G technology.

Prelims Link:

• Differences between 3G, 4G and 5G.
• Applications.
• What is a spectrum?
• About EMF Project.

Q.With reference to Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology, which of the following statements are correct? (UPSC 2020)

• VLC uses electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths 375 to 780 nm.
• VLC is known as long-range optical wireless communication.
• VLC can transmit large amounts of data faster than Bluetooth
• VLC has no electromagnetic interference.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 1, 2 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only

(d) 2, 3 and 4 only

Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology is a wireless method that enables high-speed transmission of data with visible light. This data is transmitted by modulating the intensity of light given off by a light source. The spectrum range is 380nm to 750 nm.

VLC is used for short-range indoor environments as light waves cannot pass the opaque walls. VLC systems operate at optical frequencies and emit no electromagnetic interference.

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PM launches 5G Services

PM inaugurates 6th edition of India Mobile Congress

“5G is a knock on the doors of a new era in the country. 5G is the beginning of an infinite sky of opportunities”

“New India will not remain a mere consumer of technology, but India will play an active role in the development and implementation of that technology”

“With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology for the first time”

“From exporting zero mobile phones in 2014, today we have become a mobile phone exporting country worth thousands of crores”

“I always had full faith in the understanding, wisdom and inquisitive mind of the common man of the country”

“Digital India has given a platform to small traders, small entrepreneurs, local artists and artisans”

“5G technology will not be limited to speedy internet access, but it has the capability to change lives”

Ushering in a new technological era, the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi launched 5G services in Pragati Maidan, New Delhi today. The Prime Minister also inaugurated the sixth edition of the India Mobile Congress and also witnessed the IMC Exhibition that was put on the occasion.

Industry leaders expressed their views on this historic occasion.

Shri Mukesh Ambani, Chairman, Reliance, thanked the Prime Minister for inspiring the vision of a developed nation by 2047. “Every action and policy of the government is skillfully crafted to propel India, towards that goal. Steps taken to fast-track India’s march into the 5G era provide compelling proof of our Prime Minister’s determination”, he said. He narrated the possibilities of 5G in key areas like education, education and climate etc. “Your leadership has raised India’s prestige, profile and power globally like never before. In today’s fast-changing world there will be no stopping a resurgent India from soaring to the top”, Shri Ambani concluded.

Shri Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman, Bharti Enterprise remarked that the launch of 5G is the beginning of a new era and since it is happening during Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, it makes it even more special. “With the efforts of the Prime Minister, this will usher new energy in the country. We are fortunate to have a leader in the Prime Minister who understands technology very minutely and deployed that to the development of the country in an unmatched manner”, he added. Shri Mittal further said that it will open up a sea of opportunities for people, especially in our rural areas. He recalled the Prime Minister’s initiatives in the field of infrastructure and technology from his Gujarat CM days. He said that during the pandemic, traffic shifted to villages and homes and the country’s heartbeat did not stop even for a second. Credit for that goes to the digital vision. He also praised the audacity and achievement of the vision of Make in India.“Along with Digital India, the Prime Minister also took forward the Start-up India campaign and soon enough, India started producing unicorns”, Shri Mittal added, “With the advent of 5G, I’m sure that the country will add many more unicorns in the world.”

Shri Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman, Aditya Birla Group called the advent of 5G a transformational event that proves India’s prowess on the global stage and reiterates the role of telecom technology as the bedrock of India’s growth. He thanked the Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi for his vision and leadership for a generational leap in technology that has resulted in India making a mark on the global stage. He also thanked the Prime Minister for his inspirational role in supporting the telecom industry during the ongoing pandemic and for the path-breaking telecom reforms in the industry. Shri Birla said that the launch of 5G marks the beginning of an exciting journey for India. “We will see limitless potential for 5G development and use cases in the years to come”, he added.

The three major telecom operators of the country demonstrated one use case each in front of the Prime Minister to show the potential of 5G technology in India.

Reliance Jio connected a teacher from a school in Mumbai, with students in three different locations in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Odisha. This demonstrated how 5G will facilitate education by bringing teachers closer to students, obliviating the physical distance between them. It also demonstrated the power of Augmented Reality (AR) on screen and how that is being used to teach children across the country, remotely, without the need for an AR device. The Prime Minister interacted with students from Dnyanjyoti Savitribai Phule School, Raigad, Maharashtra in presence of Maharashtra Chief Minister, Shri Eknath Shinde. Students from Ropda Primary School, Gandhinagar, Gujarat connected in presence of Gujarat Chief Minister, Shri Bhupendra Patel. The Prime Minister also interacted with students from SLS Memorial School, Myurbhanj, Odisha in presence of Odisha Chief Minister, Shri Navin Patnaik. Shri Abhimanyu Basu, Dhirubhai Ambani Int. School, BKC, Mumbai also demonstrated the use of 5G technology. The Prime Minister noted the enthusiasm of the students for technology in education. Author Amish Tripathi introduced the segment.

The Vodafone Idea test case demonstrated the safety of workers in an under-construction tunnel of Delhi Metro through the creation of a Digital Twin of the tunnel on the dias. Digital Twin will help give safety alerts to workers in real time from a remote location. PM took a live demo from the dias to monitor the work in real-time through utilising VR and Artificial Intelligence. The Prime Minister interacted with Shri Rinku Kumar, a worker in Delhi Metro Tunnel Dwarka, New Delhi in presence of Delhi Lieutenant Governor, Shri Vinai Saxena. The Prime Minister inquired about the user experience and learning curve needed to adopt the technology. He said that workers’ confidence in safety is the biggest contribution of new tech. He complimented the workers of India for their contribution to the nation’s growth.

In the Airtel demo, students from Dankaur, Uttar Pradesh witnessed a lively and immersive education experience to learn about the solar system with the help of Virtual reality and Augmented reality. A student Khushi, shared her experience of learning with the PM by appearing on the dias through a hologram. Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, Shri Yogi Adiyanath connected from Rudraksh Convention Centre, Varanasi. The Prime Minister inquired if the VR education experience helped them understand the concepts in a comprehensive way. The student said that after this experience she is much more inclined toward learning new things.

Addressing the gathering the Prime Minister said that the Summit today might be global but its repercussions and directions are local. He said today is a special day for the fast-developing India of the 21st century. “Today, 130 crore Indians are getting a wonderful gift in the form of 5G from the country and from the telecom industry of the country. 5G is a knock on the doors of a new era in the country. “5G is the beginning of an infinite sky of opportunities. I congratulate every Indian for this.”, he added. He noted with satisfaction that in this launch of 5G and the march of technology, rural areas and workers are equal partners.

Stressing one more message of the 5G launch, the Prime Minister said” New India will not remain a mere consumer of technology, but India will play an active role in the development and implementation of that technology. India will play a big role in designing the future wireless technology, and manufacturing related to it.”The Prime Minister pointed out that India was dependent on other countries for 2G, 3G and 4G technologies. But with 5G, India has created a new history. “With 5G, India is setting a global standard in telecom technology for the first time”, he remarked.

Talking about Digital India, the Prime Minister said that some people think that this is just a government scheme. “But Digital India is not just a name, it is a big vision for the development of the country. The goal of this vision is to bring that technology to the common people, which works for the people, works by connecting with the people.”

Focussing on the need for a holistic approach to Digital India, the Prime Minister elaborated that “we focused on 4 Pillars, in four directions at once. First, the price of the device, Second, digital connectivity, Third, the cost of data, Fourth, and most importantly, the idea of ‘digital first’ .

Regarding the first pillar, the Prime Minister said that the low cost of devices can only be achieved through Aatmnirbharta. The Prime Minister recalled that there were only two mobile manufacturing units in India till eight years ago. “These numbers have now gone up to 200”, Shri Modi said. The Prime Minister underlined that from exporting zero mobile phones in 2014, today we have become a mobile phone exporting country worth thousands of crores. “Naturally, all these efforts have had an impact on the cost of the device. Now we have started getting more features at a lower cost”, he added.

On the second pillar of digital connectivity, the Prime Minister informed that internet users have increased to 80 crores from 6 crores in 2014. From less than 100 panchayats in 2014 now 1.7 lakh panchayats are connected by optical fiber. “Just as the government started a door-to-door campaign to provide electricity, worked on the mission of providing clean water to everyone through the Har Ghar Jal Abhiyan, and delivered gas cylinders to the poorest of the poorest people through the Ujjwala scheme, our Government is working in a similar manner on the goal of Internet for all”, he said.

Regarding the third pillar, the cost of data, the Prime Minister said that the industry was given a slew of incentives and technologies like 4G received policy support. This brought down the price of data and a data revolution was ushered in the country. These three pillars started showing their multiplier effect everywhere, he said.

On the topic of the fourth pillar i.e. Idea of ‘Digital First’, the Prime Minister recalled the time when a handful of the elite class questioned if the poor would even understand the meaning of digital and doubted their potential, the Prime Minister said that he always had faith in the understanding, wisdom and inquisitive mind of the common man of the country. He said that he always found the poor of the country ready to adopt new technologies.

Highlighting the government’s efforts in the field of digital payments, the Prime Minister remarked that it was the government that went ahead and made the way for digital payments easier. “The government itself promoted citizen-centric delivery service through the app. Whether it is about farmers or small shopkeepers, we have given them a way to meet their daily needs through the app”, Shri Modi added. He recounted the seamless continuation of DBT, education, vaccination and health services, and work-from-home during the pandemic when many countries were finding it difficult to keep these services going.

Remarking that Digital India has given a platform, the Prime Minister said that small traders, small entrepreneurs, local artists and artisans can now market to everyone. Shri Modi added, “Today you go to a local market or vegetable market and see, even a small street vendor will tell you, not to transact in cash, but via ‘UPI’.” “This shows”, the Prime Minister added, “When a facility is available, thinking also gets emboldened”. The Prime Minister said when the government works with clean intentions, the intentions of citizens also undergo change. “This is the key difference in the intention (niyat) of 2G and 5G”, he remarked.

The Prime Minister said that the cost of data is among the lowest in the world. It has come down from 300 rupees per GB to about 10 rupees per GB. Remarking on the consumer-centric focussed efforts of the government, the Prime Minister said that the cost of data in India has remained very low due. The Prime Minister interjected, “It is a different matter that we did not make a fuss about, and did not launch big advertisements. We focused on how the convenience and Ease of Living of the people of the country increased.” “India may not have benefitted from the first three industrial revolutions, but I am confident that India will take full benefit of the 4th industrial revolution and, in fact, will lead it”, he added.

The Prime Minister informed that the use of 5G technology will not be limited to speedy internet access, but it has the capability to change lives. He said that we will see the promises of the technology realized in our lifetimes. Shri Modi urged the leaders of the telecom industry association to visit the schools and colleges of the country and unleash every aspect of this new technology. He also asked them to create an enabling ecosystem for MSMEs to prepare spare parts for electronic manufacturing. “5G technology should be used to bring about a revolution in the country”, he remarked. The Prime Minister highlighted the use of drone technology that has been made possible after the newly launched Drone Policy. He pointed out that many farmers have learnt how to fly drones and started making use of them to spray insecticides and pesticides in the fields. The Prime Minister assured one and all that India of the future will guide the world in the upcoming technology sector, in turn making India a global leader.

Union Minister of Communications, Shri Ashvini Vaishnaw, Union Minister of State for Communications, Shri Devusinh Chauhan, Chairman of Reliance Industries, Shri Mukesh Ambani, Chairman of Bharti Enterprises, Shri Sunil Mittal, Chairman of Aditya Birla Group, Shri Kumar Mangalam Birla and Secretary, Department of Telecommunications, Shri K Rajaraman were those present on the occasion.

5G technology will offer a wide range of benefits to the common people. It will help in providing seamless coverage, high data rate, low latency, and highly reliable communications. Also, It will increase energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency and network efficiency. 5G technology will help in connecting billions of Internet of Things devices, will allow higher quality video services with mobility at high speed, and delivery of critical services such as telesurgery and autonomous cars among others. 5G will help in real-time monitoring of disasters, precision agriculture, and minimising the role of humans in dangerous industrial operations such as in deep mines, offshore activities etc. Unlike existing mobile communication networks, 5G networks will allow tailoring of requirements for each of these different use cases within the same network

The IMC 2022 is scheduled to be held from 1st to 4th October with the theme of “New digital Universe”. It will bring together leading thinkers, entrepreneurs, innovators, and government officials to discuss and showcase unique opportunities emerging from the rapid adoption and spread of digital technology.

Historic day for 21st century India! 5G technology will revolutionise the telecom sector. https://t.co/OfyAVeIY0A — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 1, 2022

आज देश की ओर से, देश की टेलीकॉम इंडस्ट्री की ओर से, 130 करोड़ भारतवासियों को 5G के तौर पर एक शानदार उपहार मिल रहा है। 5G, देश के द्वार पर नए दौर की दस्तक है। 5G, अवसरों के अनंत आकाश की शुरुआत है। मैं प्रत्येक भारतवासी को इसके लिए बहुत-बहुत बधाई देता हूं: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

नया भारत, टेक्नॉलजी का सिर्फ़ consumer बनकर नहीं रहेगा बल्कि भारत उस टेक्नॉलजी के विकास में, उसके implementation में active भूमिका निभाएगा। भविष्य की wireless टेक्नॉलजी को design करने में, उस से जुड़ी manufacturing में भारत की बड़ी भूमिका होगी: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

2G, 3G, 4G के समय भारत टेक्नॉलजी के लिए दूसरे देशों पर निर्भर रहा। लेकिन 5G के साथ भारत ने नया इतिहास रच दिया है। 5G के साथ भारत पहली बार टेलीकॉम टेक्नॉलजी में global standard तय कर रहा है: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

Digital India की बात करते हैं तो कुछ लोग समझते हैं ये सिर्फ एक सरकारी योजना है। लेकिन Digital India सिर्फ एक नाम नहीं है, ये देश के विकास का बहुत बड़ा vision है। इस vison का लक्ष्य है उस technology को आम लोगों तक पहुंचाना जो लोगों के लिए काम करे, लोगों के साथ जुड़कर काम करे: PM — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

हमने 4 Pillars पर, चार दिशाओं में एक साथ फोकस किया। पहला, डिवाइस की कीमत दूसरा, डिजिटल कनेक्टिविटी तीसरा, डेटा की कीमत चौथा, और सबसे जरूरी, ‘digital first’ की सोच: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

2014 में जीरो मोबाइल फोन निर्यात करने से लेकर आज हम हजारों करोड़ के मोबाइल फोन निर्यात करने वाले देश बन चुके हैं। स्वाभाविक है इन सारे प्रयासों का प्रभाव डिवाइस की कीमत पर पड़ा है। अब कम कीमत पर हमें ज्यादा फीचर्स भी मिलने लगे हैं: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

जैसे सरकार ने घर-घर बिजली पहुंचाने की मुहिम शुरू की जैसे हर घर जल अभियान के जरिए हर किसी तक साफ पानी पहुंचाने के मिशन पर काम किया जैसे उज्जवला योजना के जरिए गरीब से गरीब आदमी के घर में भी गैस सिलेंडर पहुंचाया वैसे ही हमारी सरकार Internet for all के लक्ष्य पर काम कर रही है: PM — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

एक वक्त था जब इलीट क्लास के कुछ मुट्ठी भर लोग गरीब लोगों की क्षमता पर संदेह करते थे। उन्हें शक था कि गरीब लोग डिजिटल का मतलब भी नहीं समझ पाएंगे। लेकिन मुझे देश के सामान्य मानवी की समझ पर, उसके विवेक पर, उसके जिज्ञासु मन पर हमेशा भरोसा रहा है: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

सरकार ने खुद आगे बढ़कर digital payments का रास्ता आसान बनाया। सरकार ने खुद ऐप के जरिए citizen-centric delivery service को बढ़ावा दिया। बात चाहे किसानों की हो, या छोटे दुकानदारों की, हमने उन्हें ऐप के जरिए रोज की जरूरतें पूरी करने का रास्ता दिया: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

आज हमारे छोटे व्यापारी हों, छोटे उद्यमी हों, लोकल कलाकार और कारीगर हों, डिजिटल इंडिया ने सबको मंच दिया है, बाजार दिया है। आज आप किसी लोकल मार्केट में या सब्जी मंडी में जाकर देखिए, रेहड़ी-पटरी वाला छोटा दुकानदार भी आपसे कहेगा, कैश नहीं ‘UPI’ कर दीजिए: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

हमारी सरकार के प्रयासों से भारत में डेटा की कीमत बहुत कम बनी हुई है। ये बात अलग है कि हमने इसका हल्ला नहीं मचाया, बड़े-बड़े विज्ञापन नहीं दिए। हमने फोकस किया कि कैसे देश के लोगों की सहूलियत बढ़े, Ease of Living बढ़े: PM @narendramodi — PMO India (@PMOIndia) October 1, 2022

Today is historical! pic.twitter.com/XCc0Sa9crc — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 1, 2022

The four pillars which have enabled the success of Digital India. pic.twitter.com/C5tYmsSqE7 — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 1, 2022

देश में Digital First की सोच विकसित हुई और हम इस अप्रोच के साथ आगे बढ़ने में कामयाब हुए। pic.twitter.com/DGp3PPkWvl — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 1, 2022

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