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UPSC Essay Topics - Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains 2023

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Understanding UPSC Essay Topics holds significant importance as it evaluates the candidate's ability to analyse, present arguments, and communicate effectively. In this article, we will explore the diverse range of UPSC essay topics, their significance, and essential tips to excel in this section. Get ready to enhance your writing and analytical skills and make a strong impression on the evaluators with well-crafted essays.

UPSC Essay Paper

The Essay paper in the UPSC Mains examination requires candidates to write multiple essays , each on a different topic, chosen from a given list of options. The essay topics for UPSC cover a wide range of issues, including social, economic, political, cultural, and philosophical aspects, both national and international.

The essay paper holds significant weightage in the UPSC Mains examination, contributing 250 marks out of the total 1750 marks . Scoring well in this section can have a considerable impact on the overall ranking and selection for the coveted civil services.

Weekly UPSC Essay Topics By Vajiram & Ravi

The UPSC Essay Paper is an opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in expressing ideas and analysing complex issues. Vajiram & Ravi Pensive-Weekly Essay Writing Programme provides you with two Essay Topics every Saturday based on the previous year's question papers and the changing trends analysis. You can submit your Essay for peer evaluation on vajiramandravi.com. This will help you nourish your writing skills, give you clarity of thought, and build the capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Important Essay Topics for UPSC 2023

The purpose of the essay paper is to assess the candidate's ability to critically analyse a topic, present well-structured arguments, and communicate their ideas effectively. It also evaluates their knowledge of various issues, their clarity of thought, and their capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Some of the Important Essay Topics to prepare for the UPSC Mains Examination 2023 are:

  • Gender Equality
  • Environment/Urbanization
  • Economic Growth
  • Federalism/Decentralization
  • Agriculture
  • Economics 

UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy

Every year, UPSC typically provides you with two or more essay topics centred around philosophical thoughts, Indian philosophical schools, or quotes from notable personalities. To effectively address these philosophical topics, you should refer to Philosophy Books to gain a foundational understanding. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy :

  • Everything comes to him, who hustles while he waits.
  • We are always blind as we want to be.
  • You cannot step twice in the same river.
  • A disciplined mind brings happiness.
  • The price of Greatness is Responsibility.
  • People would rather Believe than Know.
  • Mind - A beautiful Servant? Or a dangerous Master?

UPSC Essay Topics on Art and Culture

The UPSC Essay Topics related to Indian society, art, and culture cover a wide range of subjects, offering great diversity. To gain knowledge about the static content on these topics, you should rely on fundamental books on society, as recommended for the exam. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Indian Art and Culture :

  • Culture changes with economic development.
  • Culture is what we are, Civilization is what we have.
  • Social reform is a myth if places of worship are open only to all castes and not to all genders.
  • Impact of Globalization on Indian Art and Culture.
  • Caste System - India’s Enduring Curse.
  • Godmen - A Threat to Indian Art and Culture?

UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology

UPSC essay topics on Science and Technology can largely be addressed through current affairs. You may also benefit from consulting a Science and Technology Book for UPSC to compose a comprehensive and well-rounded essay. Here are some UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology:

  • Deglobalisation is good for the world.
  • Science is organised Knowledge. Wisdom is Organised life.
  • Technology is a Weapon against Poverty.
  • Prioritising Education Technology for Global Growth.
  • Technology is the silent factor in International Relations.
  • Scientific and Technological Progress cannot be equated with Human Progress.

important essay for upsc 2023

UPSC Essay Topics on Education

Education stands as one of the preferred UPSC Essay Topics, with an essay related to this subject often appearing in the paper each year. To tackle this topic effectively, you should stay abreast of Current Affairs , incorporating significant changes and advancements in the field. Let's explore some of the Essay topics for UPSC centred around education:

  • Self Education is a lifelong curiosity.
  • Education Breeds Peace.
  • Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.
  • Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking.
  • Schooling is not Education.

UPSC Essay Topics on Polity and Governance

To comprehensively address Polity and Governance topics, you should acquire fundamental knowledge from Polity Books for UPSC and Current Affairs. These resources offer static information about relevant issues and their historical context, which proves valuable while writing UPSC Essay Topics on Polity. Here are some Essay Topics on Polity and Governance:

  • The Role of Politics in Development.
  • Should Youth in India Consider Politics as a Career?
  • Art, Freedom and Creativity will change society faster than politics.
  • The politics of Identity is the Politics of the Weak.
  • People should not be afraid of their Government. The Government should be afraid of its people.
  • Government Surveillance - Good or Bad?

UPSC Essay Topics on Economy

Essays concerning economic growth are frequently included in the Essay Paper. To tackle these topics effectively, you should refer to Economy Notes for UPSC to gain a comprehensive understanding. Once the fundamentals are grasped, you can enhance their essays by incorporating examples, data, and statistics to create a multidimensional perspective. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Economy:

  • We don't have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment.
  • India, a $5 trillion Economy - Dream or Reality?
  • Digital Economy: A leveller or a source of Economic Inequality?
  • Innovation is the key determinant of social welfare and economic growth.
  • Labour Reforms in India and its Role in Economic Growth.

UPSC Essay Topics on Social Issues

Social issues are a significant aspect of the UPSC essay paper, reflecting the candidates' understanding of societal challenges and their ability to propose viable solutions. These essays provide a platform for candidates to analyse, critique, and suggest measures for pressing social concerns. Topics related to social issues in the UPSC Essay paper may include:

  • Inclusivity and Plurality are the hallmarks of a Peaceful Society.
  • A Gender-sensitive Indian Society is a prerequisite for Women and Child Empowerment.
  • The weaker sections of Indian Society - are their Rights and Access to Justice getting Better?

Previous Year UPSC Essay Topics

Practising previous year's essay topics will help you become familiar with the UPSC exam pattern , word limit, and the types of essay questions frequently asked in the Mains Examination. Analysing past essay topics will also allow you to identify recurring themes and trends, enabling you to prioritise their preparation accordingly. Regular practice with past essay topics will instil confidence in you, helping you feel more comfortable and prepared for the actual exam.

  • Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
  • Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
  • History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
  • A ship in the harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is for.
  • The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
  • A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
  • Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Tips to Excel in UPSC Essay Paper

  • Understand the Topics: Thoroughly comprehend the essay topics, including the keywords and instructions. Choose a topic that aligns with your strengths and interests.
  • Plan and Structure: Devote some time to plan your essay. Create an outline and organise your thoughts in a structured manner, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
  • Be Objective: Present balanced arguments and avoid a biased or one-sided approach. Consider multiple perspectives and present a holistic view.
  • Provide Examples and Evidence: Support your arguments with relevant examples, data, quotes and evidence to strengthen your essay.
  • Maintain Clarity: Write in a clear and concise manner. Use simple language and avoid jargon or overly complex vocabulary.
  • Practice Regularly: Regular practice is essential to improve Essay writing skills. Write essays on diverse topics to enhance your versatility.
  • Time Management: Allocate appropriate time for planning, writing, and revising each essay to manage time effectively during the examination.
  • Revise and Edit: Review your essays for coherence, grammar, and structure. Make necessary edits to refine your work.

FAQs on UPSC Essay Topics

What are the important UPSC Essay Topics?

Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics asked in Mains Examination previously:

  • Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
  • Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
  • What is research but a blind date with knowledge?
  • Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
  • Wisdom finds truth.
  • Ships don’t sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
  • Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
  • Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

How do I Prepare for the UPSC Essay?

To prepare for the UPSC essay, focus on understanding the essay syllabus and past topics to identify recurring themes. Regularly practise writing essays on various topics to improve your writing skills and time management. Structure your essays with a clear introduction, main body, and conclusion.

Which is the best source to practise UPSC Essay Topics?

The best sources to prepare Essay for UPSC include official UPSC materials, newspapers, and magazines like The Hindu, Yojana , and Kurukshetra for current affairs, standard books on diverse subjects, government reports and publications, online platforms like PIB and PRS India, UPSC previous year papers for understanding the exam pattern, and regular practice of essay writing on various topics.

© 2024 Vajiram & Ravi. All rights reserved

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Question Paper - Download PDF

The UPSC Mains exam commenced on 15 September 2023. It started with the UPSC Essay paper. It is an important paper and counts for 250 marks in total in the UPSC Mains exam. In this article, you can download the UPSC Mains essay paper PDF. There are a total of nine papers in the IAS mains exam. On the first day, i.e., 15 September, only one paper, the UPSC Mains essay paper was conducted. Candidates can go through the UPSC calendar for a detailed schedule of the UPSC mains 2023 exam.

UPSC Mains Essay Paper 2023

The UPSC essay paper was held at 9 AM on 15 September. You can download the UPSC essay paper 2023 from the link below.

UPSC Mains Essay Paper 2023 – Question Paper Download Download PDF Here

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Paper Topics

  • Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
  • Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
  • Not all who wander are lost.
  • Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
  • Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines.
  • Mathematics is the music of reason.
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
  • Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school

Download the other UPSC 2023 Mains question papers in the link.

UPSC Essay Paper Pattern

  • The UPSC Essay paper segment consists of two sections A and B.
  • Both sections have about four questions each.
  • The candidates have to choose one topic from each section, thus having to answer 2 essay questions in total.
  • The word limit for each question is to be within the range of 1000-1200 words.
  • The marks for each question is 125, thus the total allotted marks are 250.
  • The paper will be included for merit ranking and is not just for qualifying purposes.
  • The candidates are expected to keep close to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in an orderly fashion and to write concisely. To understand how to approach the essay paper and the topics to be focused on during preparation, check the link here .

Candidates can download the UPSC Mains Essay Paper 2022 in the linked article.

For more information about the UPSC essay paper and preparation strategy, check the links below.

important essay for upsc 2023

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Essay Question Paper (Analysis & Solutions) – UPSC Civil Services Mains 2023

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Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000 – 1200 words each: (125×2=250 marks)

(Click the links to read the solutions)

  • Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
  • Visionary deci sion-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
  • Not all who wander are lost.
  • Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane .
  • Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines.
  • Mathematics is the music of reason.
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
  • Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

Express Learning Programme (ELP)

  • Optional Notes
  • Study Hacks
  • Prelims Sureshots (Repeated Topic Compilations)
  • Current Affairs (Newsbits, Editorials & In-depths)
  • Ancient Indian History
  • Medieval Indian History
  • Modern Indian History
  • Post-Independence Indian History
  • World History
  • Art & Culture
  • Geography (World & Indian)
  • Indian Society & Social Justice
  • Indian Polity
  • International Relations
  • Indian Economy
  • Environment 
  • Agriculture
  • Internal Security
  • Disasters & its Management
  • General Science – Biology
  • General Studies (GS) 4 – Ethics
  • Syllabus-wise learning
  • Political Science
  • Anthropology
  • Public Administration

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Analysis & Approach

Each question in the essay paper reflects a different dimension of thinking, and the aspirant is expected to demonstrate their analytical skills, coherence in arguments, and proficiency in language while addressing these questions.

  • Analysis: This topic seems to delve into the dialectical nature of thought. It could be interpreted that for any idea or thought to be truly explored or expanded upon, there must be an opposing or challenging force. This could relate to the Hegelian dialectic (thesis-antithesis-synthesis) or even the fundamental nature of debates.
  • Approach: A candidate can start by illustrating the importance of opposition in any form of critical thinking or decision-making. Real-world examples like scientific debates, democratic procedures, and the role of a loyal opposition in a parliament can be cited.
  • Analysis: Visionary decisions are those that shape the future, and they strike a balance between intuition (which is often based on subconscious processing) and logic (structured reasoning).
  • Approach: Candidates can discuss examples of visionary leaders and their decisions. For instance, Steve Jobs’ intuition in product design combined with logical market analysis, or Mahatma Gandhi ’s intuition about non-violence and its logical implications in the Indian freedom struggle.
  • Analysis: This statement, borrowed from J.R.R. Tolkien’s work, implies that not all who seem directionless are without purpose; sometimes, wandering can be a form of discovery.
  • Approach: This can be addressed by discussing the importance of exploration, serendipity in scientific discoveries, or even the self-exploratory journey that many individuals undertake in life.
  • Analysis: This implies that true creativity often arises from observing and interpreting everyday life in unique ways.
  • Approach: Real-life examples of artists, writers, and scientists who drew inspiration from everyday occurrences can be highlighted. Picasso’s simplistic drawings or Archimedes’ Eureka moment in his bathtub, for instance.
  • Analysis: This topic brings out the gender disparities and societal norms and expectations imposed upon individuals based on their gender.
  • Approach: It’s crucial to address both sides of the coin, discussing how gender norms restrict the potential and well-being of both girls and boys. Comparisons of societal expectations, real-life anecdotes, and data-driven evidence on gender disparities can be effective.
  • Analysis: The quote explores the harmony, structure, and beauty in mathematics similar to the rhythm and patterns in music.
  • Approach: Discussing the inherent order and logic in mathematics, and drawing parallels with musical structures can be a starting point. Mentioning mathematicians who were also musicians or vice versa might add value.
  • Analysis: This touches upon the idea that if a society is just, equitable, and provides opportunities for all, then the need for charity diminishes as fewer people would be in a position of deprivation.
  • Approach: Highlighting the correlation between justice and social welfare, discussing models of developed nations, and contrasting them with societies where charity becomes a band-aid solution for deeper systemic issues can be effective.
  • Analysis: This topic delves into the difference between rote learning and true education – the values, critical thinking skills, and character that endure beyond mere facts.
  • Approach: Drawing a distinction between learning for exams and learning for life, discussing the role of education in character building, and bringing in philosophical views on education would be insightful.

For all the essays, it’s essential to remember to structure the arguments coherently, provide relevant examples, and ensure a holistic view is presented. Best of luck to all the aspirants!

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UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Topics with Solution and Examples, Get PDF_0.1

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Topics with Solution and Examples, Get PDF

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Topic with Solution and Examples. Get Essay writing topics from UPSC Mains Shift 1 exam which was held on 15 September 2023. Evaluate your answers in UPSC Mains 2023 Exam.

UPSC Essay Topics 2023

Table of Contents

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Paper Topics

With UPSC Essay Topic with Solutions and Examples will be helpful to Evaluate your answers in the UPSC Mains 2023 Exam. Get Essay writing topics from UPSC Mains exam which was held on 15 September 2023. The list of topics is as follows:

  • Thinking as a Game – The Role of Opposition in Shaping Ideas
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity
  • Girls is weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands harmful disciplines
  • Not All Who Wander Are Lost

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Topics with Solution

Every year UPSC i.e. Union Public Service Commission organizes the UPSC CSE exam across the country. This year UPSC Mains exam is being organized on 15, 16, 17, 23, and 24 September. The essay writing paper was conducted during the morning shift on September 15th. You can check all the UPSC Essay Topics From the 2023 Exam with Solution which was held on 15th September in this article. For the convenience of the students, our expert content team has provided detailed solutions to these UPSC Essay Questions.

UPSC Mains Question Paper 2023

UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Paper Pattern

A total of eight topics are given in the UPSC Mains Essay Writing paper, out of which students have to write essays on two topics. The weightage of these two questions in the exam is 250 marks. The student gets 125 maximum marks on each essay.

Essay Writing on Thinking as a Game – The Role of Opposition in Shaping Ideas

Thinking is a fundamental human activity that underpins our ability to understand, learn, and innovate. It is often described as a cognitive process involving the manipulation of mental representations. However, one intriguing perspective is to view thinking as akin to a game, where the presence of opposing forces or contrasting ideas acts as a catalyst for the development of thoughts and the evolution of human knowledge.

The Nature of Thinking

Political Thinking

  • Non-Alignment: Current Stance of India in G-20 Summit 2023.
  • The Role of Opposition in Democracy

Social Thinking

  • An evolving social perspective on Homo-sexuality: Navtej Johwar Singh Case, Ratan TATA initiative: Goodfellows: to utilize India demographic dividend.

Economical Thinking

  • UPI, betting, Fiscal consolidation (budget 2023): FRBM act, Circular Economy, 1991 Economic Policy of India.

Scientific Thinking

  • Geocentric theory to Heliocentric theory, Human Genome Project,

Environmental Thinking

  • SDG’s, Net Zero mission

Educational Thinking

  • New education policy, Online Universities

Historical Thinking

  • Ashoka Dhamma, Middle Path by Gautam Buddha, Mahabharata: Theory of Geeta.

Ethical dilemma

  • Environmental Impact Assessment Policy,

Geopolitics   

  • Evolution of NATO and Russia Ukraine War, BRI: INDIA-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor.

Embracing opposition, rather than shying away from it, is the key to unlocking the full potential of our cognitive abilities and driving positive change in the world.

Essay Writing on A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity

The relationship between justice and charity in society is a topic of profound significance. This essay delves into the idea that a society characterized by a greater degree of justice inherently requires less charity. Justice and charity are not competing concepts but rather two complementary pillars upon which a fair and equitable society can be built.

Introduction

“A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity,” has been stated by Ralph Nader. It highlights the interconnectedness of these two ideals and underscores the importance of addressing systemic inequalities to reduce the burden of charitable interventions. This synopsis provides a brief overview of the key arguments and insights explored in the full essay.

Justice as a Foundation

  • When justice prevails, it minimizes the disparities that give rise to the need for charity.
  • By addressing root causes such as poverty, discrimination, and social exclusion, justice acts as a proactive force that prevents individuals from falling into dire circumstances requiring charity.

Charity as a Symptom

  • Charity plays a vital role in providing immediate relief to those in need, it often operates as a symptom of systemic failures.
  • Subsidies: WTO AOA
  • Capitalist skill program vs. Socialist welfare program.

Systemic Injustices and Charity

Rather than doing the charity, Justice in different areas should be promoted

  • Gender inequality: Only 14% are women in the Parliament.
  • Freebies: Loan Waiver
  • Unemployment: Universal Basic Income

Empowerment vs. Dependency

  • A just society prioritizes empowerment over dependency.
  • In contrast, excessive reliance on charity can create a cycle of dependency, inhibiting individuals’ ability to break free from the cycle of poverty.
  • Nelson Mandela once said, ‘Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world’.

Governmental Role in Justice

  • Effective public policies that promote equitable wealth distribution, affordable healthcare, quality education, and social safety nets can significantly reduce the need for charity.
  • MUDRA Yojana, PM SVANIDHI, Skill India, Atal tinkering labs

Charity’s Complementary Role

  • While the essay emphasizes the importance of justice as a foundational principle, it does not diminish the value of charity.
  • Charitable organizations and initiatives continue to provide essential support and relief to marginalized communities.
  • However, the focus shifts from mere charity to a more comprehensive approach that combines charity with systemic change to create lasting solutions.

In conclusion, the relationship between justice and charity is one of interdependence. The quote implies that charity is a band-aid service to a bigger issue. If a society is simple, it will have the ability to offer its residents and they will not be required to count on charity. This quote is a call to action for society to concentrate on justice and fairness. It is a pointer that charity is not a long-lasting option and that justice should be the ultimate objective. A society committed to justice inherently reduces the need for charity by addressing systemic injustices, empowering individuals, and fostering self-sufficiency.  Justice is the structure of a healthy society and it should be the top priority of all residents.

Essay Writing on Girls is weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands harmful disciplines

Cinema is a reflection of society, Srijit Mukherji directed the movie: Shabaash Mithu, which clearly shows the weight of women in Indian Society. Similarly, Raksha Bandhan movie: Directed by Aanand L. Rai, shows that the boys are harmed by the exceptional demands.

Gender Stereotypes

Explanation of how society often imposes rigid stereotypes on girls and boys.

Discussion of how these stereotypes shape societal expectations and behaviors.

Girls and Restrictions

Glass Ceiling Effect

  • Supreme Court CJI, only 11 Cabinet ministers are women: in comparison to 48% population,
  • Not a single woman to date became the Chief of ISRO though the renounced missions like Mission Mangal, and Chandrayaan-3 witnessed the highest participation of Women.
  • The USA, to date, didn’t witness a single Lady President.
  • Son Meta Preference, Kul Deepak,
  • Conspiracy against Razia Sultan
  • Household work by women is not calculated in the GDP

Pink collar Jobs

  • Low salaries
  • Limited scope for growth

Girls without restriction

STEM: Mission Mangal, Chandrayaan-3,

Kalpana Chawla, P.V. Sindhu, Marry Kom, Mithali Raj, Priyanka Chopra, Vineeta Singh, Kiran Bedi, Geeta Singh Phogat.

UPSC: The top 4 are women

Boys and Harmful Disciplines:

Pressure to be Successful:

  • UPSC: around 11 lakh people are preparing for 1000 vacancies.
  • Kota suicide due to societal pressure
  • Commercialization of the marriage system
  • Pressure to be emotionally Strong “Be a Man”
  • Career over power passion

Recap of the main points made in the essay regarding gender stereotypes and societal expectations. Due to the efforts of government like ‘Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao’, Skill India, Start-up India, Sarv Siksha Abhiyaan, etc., many sections of the society benefit from it, but there are still many challenges that need to be addressed.

Essay Writing on Not All Who Wander Are Lost

The famous phrase, “Not All Who Wander Are Lost,” originally coined by J.R.R. Tolkien in “The Lord of the Rings,” encapsulates the idea that wandering, exploring, and deviating from the beaten path can be purposeful and meaningful. This synopsis provides a concise overview of the essay’s exploration of the deeper meaning behind this phrase and its relevance to life’s journeys.

Embracing Uncertainty

Discussion of how wandering allows individuals to embrace uncertainty and unpredictability.

Exploration of how this can lead to personal growth and self-discovery.

  • Columbus: Invented the route to America
  • Thomas Alva Edison: Invention of the bulb
  • Marie Curie: Invented radium and polonium, and her huge contribution to finding treatments for cancer.

Creativity and Innovation

Highlighting how wandering, in the figurative sense, fosters creativity and innovation.

Examples of how some of the greatest discoveries and inventions have come from wandering minds.

  • Space Programmes: Discovery of water on the moon, moonquakes, Moon climate, Aditya L1, Apollo11
  • AI tools: Chat GPT, IOT, Meta

Spiritual and Philosophical Significance

  • Examination of the spiritual and philosophical significance of wandering.
  • Reference to how many spiritual traditions incorporate wandering or pilgrimage as a means of enlightenment.
  • Gautam Buddha
  • Vivekananda

Freedom and Individuality:

Discussion of how wandering represents freedom and individuality.

Exploration of how societal norms and expectations can stifle personal growth, making wandering an act of defiance.

  • Mahatma Gandhi
  • Nelson Mandela
  • Barak Obama

Balancing Purpose and Wanderlust:

Emphasis on the importance of balancing purpose and wanderlust.

Mention how setting goals and having direction can enhance the value of wandering.

  • Dashrath Manjhi
  • Neeraj Chopra

Conclusion:

Recap of the main points made in the essay about the phrase, “Not All Who Wander Are Lost.” Reiteration of the idea that wandering, when approached with mindfulness, can lead to profound personal and intellectual discoveries.

UPSC Mains Question Paper Analysis 2023

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Important Essay Topics You Should Not Miss For UPSC 2023 Examinations

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  • Mujtaba Hussain
  • 10 Mar 2023

  Thousands of students apply for the UPSC examinations each year, considered one of India's most coveted examinations. The UPSC examination requires the candidates' relentless determination and hard work to pass with flying colours. You must leave all stones uncovered while preparing for the examination. 

The UPSC syllabus is humongous; before you kick off your examination, it is important to understand the general exam pattern of the examination. The UPSC examination has three stages, Prelims, Mains and the Interview Round. 

The UPSC Mains examinations consist of one essay, four general studies and two optional papers amounting to 1750 marks. Experts have often observed that candidates must catch up while preparing for the Essay paper in the Main examination, affecting their total marks in the long run. 

The Essay paper consists of eight topics divided into two sections. The maximum mark is 250, and the time allotted is three hours. The topics can range from ethical-philosophical inquiries to contemporary social issues. This paper helps gauge the candidates' coherent writing and ability to present their ideas and opinions logically within the given time frame. 

If you are wondering which topics you should prepare for your examination, we have picked the essential topics based on question paper trends that you should prepare for your upcoming examination.

Sl No.

Area 

Topics

Social 

Political

Economic

International 

Philosophical/Imaginative 

Others

Now there you go; hopefully, the article highlighted some important topics that you should prepare for the UPSC examinations 2023. 

If you are inquisitive about learning how to write essays for your examination, then head over to our website, where we have prepared detailed guides explaining the same.

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Analysis, Check PDF Download Link_1.1

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Analysis, Check PDF Download Link

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has administered the CSE Mains 2023 Essay Paper on September 15. Download PDF and Check the UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Analysis of question here.

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UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Analysis

The UPSC Essay Paper is an important component that evaluates candidates’ knowledge as well as their ability to clearly and simply express concepts. This analysis explores the subtleties of this exam section, revealing trends, approaches, and ideas for future civil employees. The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducted the IAS Mains 2023 Essay Paper on September 15, 2023. Check here UPSC Essay Paper 2023 detailed analysis below with proper model answers.

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 PDF

The Essay Paper of UPSC Mains 2023 is available in PDF format. The exam was successfully administered by UPSC at Forenoon on September 15, 2023. 9:00 AM – 12:00 PM, session. The UPSC Essay Paper is of  250 Marks. Candidates can check the UPSC Essay Paper 2023 PDF Link below

Essay Paper PDF Download Link

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Questions

The questions asked in the UPSC Essay paper 2023 have been mentioned below:

  • Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
  • Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
  • Not all who wander are lost
  • Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane
  • Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines
  • Mathematics is the music of reason
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity
  • Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in the school

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Section A

Check here 4 questions of a UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Section A.

Essay section A

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Section B

Check here 4 questions of a UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Section B.

Essay Section B

UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Detailed Discussion Question-wise

Check the Question-Wise detailed discussion on UPSC Essay Paper 2023 below:

1. Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.

Approach : 

  • Thinking as a human nature.
  • Features of thinking as a GAME – connecting thinking to a game.
  • Game is based on competition. 
  • Various dimensions to connect

Thesis – Thinking (like a game)  begins with a competition (it can be opposite views, adversary conditions/Challenges.

Philosophical basis : Hegels idea of dialectics.

Meaning/Context:  

  • Thinking  in simple terms is  a  problem-solving activity.
  •  pondering or reflecting on something. 
  • Analysing and evaluating options
  • Goal-directed behaviour. 
  • From choosing a dress to wear to solving a mathematical problem, all activities involve thinking.

Historical Examples:

  • Ancient : To protect from animal attacks and other dangers , humans started to live in bands–thats the basis of community/society.
  • Modern: Masses of Indian -sub-continent as a united against the oppressive policies of the British in the National Movement.

Examples from Different Dimensions

  • Individual : In day to day life of individual, its the competition that drives our thinking from simple decisions like chosing a dress to major decisions like deciding on the careers.
  • Societal : Ex: Social reforms in Hindu society were initiated through Arya Samaj due to the fear of westernisation and threat of conversions.
  • Political : Fear of opposition from rival political parties  in the Parliament checks the misuse of  power by the incumbent government. (or) Presence of multiple political parties and their debates during the election campaigns ignites the thinking of the common man towards the major issues.
  • Ex: Presence of multiple competitors in the telecom sector resulted in faster adoption of 4g technology in India.
  • Governance : Competitive fedaralism by NITI Aayog giving best outputs,
  • Environmental : Modern Environmentalism started due to the opposition to industrial revolution.
  • International Relations :   Countries’ goal to  become superpower makes them to adher to the principles of peace.
  • Other examples – Covid, globalization 

Anti-Thesis : Thinking does not always require Competition to begin.

  • Thinking can also happen by chance without any goal –For ex: it can happen through curiosity–Example: Newtons’ discovery of gravity, Human discovery of fire etc.
  • Destructive thinking: Hitler

2. Visionary decision making happen at the intersection of intuition and logic

  • Decision making in everyday life – basis of human survival. E.g. Evolution of Humans from apes and role of decision making
  • Role of Intuition in decision making ( Navigating Ambiguity, Intuition is a source of creativity, as are innovation,​​ Making social and interpersonal decisions, Risk assessment: Personal Values and Ethics )
  • Logic as assistance in decision making ( Identifying Relevant Information, Analyzing Options, Consistency, Problem Solving)
  • Requirement of both intuition and logic for visionary decision.
  • How to develop intuition and logic and balance them for visionary decision making. 

Thesis: Visionary decision possible at intersection. 

Examples and Arguments: 

  • Innovation and creativity – Steve Jobs’ visionary choice to create the iPhone –  result of his creative vision and intuition about what consumers needed.
  • Financial innovations in the form of UPI – logic made it difficult as financial transactions were already happening, but intuitive ness about its adoption was the major factor for its success.
  • Risk-taking: Elon Musk’s visionary choice to use SpaceX – intuition about the significance of extraterrestrial colonisation drove him to take the risk despite logic’s assertions to the contrary.
  • Long-Term Perspective: Mahatma Gandhi had a brilliant idea to use nonviolent resistance – while logic might have suggested a more combative strategy, his gut feeling about the long-term advantages of nonviolence and unity resulted in a historic change.
  • Human and societal factors: requires knowledge of societal dynamics, human behaviour, and values. E.g. A doctor may have logical medical data but also needs to consider the patient’s emotional state and unique circumstances .
  • Transcending Conventions: Visionary choices go against accepted beliefs and norms. Nelson Mandela’s visionary choice to seek out forgiveness and reconciliation in South Africa after the end of apartheid.

More examples –

  • Watson and Crick’s Discovery of DNA’s Structure.
  • Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin.
  • Alfred Wegener’s intuition about continents drifting led to the plate tectonics theory and logic through dscoveries of fossils.
  • Charles Darwin’s intuition about natural selection and the evolution of species led to his groundbreaking work, “On the Origin of Species.”
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt – The New Deal: FDR’s intuition led him to understand the desperation and suffering caused by the Great Depression. The New Deal was a well-thought-out set of policies aimed at reviving the economy through public works projects, banking reforms, and social programs.

Anti Thesis: Why intuition and logic alone are not sufficient to achieve it.

Challenges and Pitfalls: Potential challenges of relying too heavily on intuition or logic in visionary decision making.

  • Over Reliance on logic: Nokia’s Missed Smartphone Revolution – Over Reliance on logic can lead to a reluctance to embrace disruptive innovations. Fall of Kodak cameras.
  • Over Reliance on intuition: Elizabeth Holmes, the founder of Theranos, had a vision to revolutionize blood testing. Holmes ignored red flags and critical feedback, ultimately undermining the company’s credibility . Also – 2008 economic crisis, NASA’s Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986 was partially attributed to a decision made based on intuition  
  • Importance of self-awareness in decision-makers: Balancing intuition and logic is crucial in visionary decision-making. Self-awareness is the key to achieving this balance.

How to develop intuition and logic and balancing them for visionary decision making:

  • Cultivate Intuition: Self-Reflection, Trust Your Gut, Embrace Creativity, Mindfulness and Meditation etc.
  • Develop Logical Thinking: Analytical Exercises, Data Analysis, Scenario Planning
  • Balancing Intuition and Logic: Collaborate, Feedback Loops, Continuous Learning

Conclusion: Visionary decision-making resulted from the harmonious interplay of intuition and logic. Intuition provided the overarching purpose and direction, while logic offered the means to translate those visionary goals into practical, achievable outcomes. – “Intuition alone can be a powerful guiding force, but logic is the tool that transforms vision into reality.”

3. Not all who wander are lost

  • Introduction with anecdote
  • Arguments on essence of wandering – Integrating examples
  • Counter viewpoints
  • Pre-conclusion – Administrative dimension – Need of balancing wandering with clarity of purpose

Introduction – Story of Siddhartha Gautama/ Columbus’ quest of exploring the unknown

The topic reflects the idea that those who may appear lost or aimless may, in fact, be on a heroic quest . This perspective challenges preconceived notions and encourages us to look beyond appearances.

Essence of Wandering 

  • Leads to exploration – Societal level, Individual introspection (Linking this with introductory story of Gautam Buddha)
  • Personal growth and self-discovery (Introspection leads to critical thinking, we understand why one behaves in a certain way). Example – Philosophy of Tao 
  • Quest for knowledge (Such deep wandering into the psyche of oneself and others may lead to gaining significant knowledge). Ex – Ferdinand Magellan discovery of the nature of Earth surface. 
  • Creativity and innovation (Insights and knowledge acquired through wandering may lead to creativity and innovation) Thomas Alva Edison
  • Breaking free from conformity (Innovation/Creativity will challenge deep seated stereotypes and prejudices and in turn lead to breaking the conformity bias) 
  • Struggling for change/reform –  Cuba cost effective health care and education despite being wandering with revolutions and system of government 

Embracing uncertainty/Resisting the fear of unknown

It suggests that not having a fixed destination can be liberating, allowing us to adapt to the unexpected and be open to new experiences. This is particularly relevant in a rapidly changing world where flexibility and adaptability are highly valued.

Movements for social justice – LGBTQIA+, Environment, Women Empowerment, Caste equality movements.

Counter viewpoint  

Survivorship bias

  • Bias for those who do not get lost after wandering – but what about those who have / will lose after wandering?

Potential for Wasted Time :

  • Wandering without a purpose or goal can lead to a significant amount of time and resources being spent without tangible results. 
  • In certain contexts, such as education or career planning, meandering aimlessly may result in missed opportunities or delayed achievements.

Risk of Disconnection

Individuals who prioritise aimless exploration over obligations to family, work, or community may find themselves isolated or struggling to meet their obligations.

Pre conclusion remarks – Linkage with Indian administration – 

How wandering in the realm of bureaucratic rigidities led to the loss of purpose (welfare state). However, the decision to explore the path of “Digital world” has made governance citizen-centric. Balancing the wandering/exploration with clarity of purpose is paramount to achieve the dreams of AMRIT KAAL.

“Not all who wander are lost” invites us to navigate the complexities of life with an open heart and a curious mind, to embrace uncertainty and spontaneity, and to recognize that even those who appear to be wandering aimlessly may be on profound journeys of self-discovery and growth. It is an intellectual call to balance the pursuit of goals and the pursuit of wisdom, acknowledging that both are valuable and, at times, intertwined in the tapestry of human existence.

4. Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane

  • Idea of creativity and basis for inspiration
  • Creativity thrives when we uncover the extraordinary within the ordinary—finding magic in the mundane.
  • This drives innovation across art, science, and technology, spurring personal growth, solving everyday problems, and shaping history.
  • It serves as a catalyst for progress and enriches the human experience.

Anecdote for Introduction

Walking on the sand – taking a stroll on a beach, same sand – Silicon – semiconductors , Uranium – nuclear weapons/energy.

Thesis: Creativity is the spark that ignites our imagination, enabling us to see the extraordinary in the ordinary.  What fuels this inexhaustible well of creativity?

It is the ability to see the extraordinary within the ordinary, to find the magical in the mundane. 

It reminds us that the world is full of wonder waiting to be discovered, even in the most ordinary of circumstances.

Dimensions:

  • Art and Aesthetics

Vincent van Gogh’s “Starry Night.” 

Artists take commonplace objects, scenes, and emotions and elevate them to the realm of the extraordinary. 

  • Startups and small businesses
  • Companies like Uber and Airbnb turned everyday tasks like transportation and lodging into magical, on-demand experiences, revolutionizing their respective sectors.
  • The “Dabbawalas” of Mumbai , who efficiently deliver home-cooked lunches to workers across the city.
  • Science and Innovation
  • Think of Isaac Newton’s observation of an apple falling from a tree, which led to his groundbreaking insights into gravity.
  • Consider Iphones ( Steve Jobs) , initially designed for communication but now integral to our lives, connecting us to an expansive digital world.
  • Economy/Finance
  • UPI Payments – brining financial revolution – from McDonalds to Street vendors
  • Energy Security
  • Renewable energy – like Solar – tapping the potential of Sun 
  • Biofuels – driving vehicles with cleaner, simple fuels 
  • Administrative Innovation : Bureaucrats using simple /mundane solutions for fixing societal issues.
  • Armstrong Palme – People’s Road
  • Operation Sulaimani – Prashant Nair – ‘’Compassionate Kozhikode’ – hunger and food security
  • Problem Solving/ Challenges

Consider a chef in a bustling restaurant kitchen. They take ordinary ingredients—flour, water, and yeast—and transform them into the magical delight of freshly baked bread.

  • On a personal level, seeking the magical in the mundane is a pathway to self-discovery and personal growth. The daily routines and tasks of life may seem routine, but they can be opportunities for mindfulness and reflection. 

Antithesis /Alternate Perspective

  • AI usage – killing creativity – only some will use AI for creativity but for the majority, creativity will get killed.
  • Specific class of intellectuals – Gramsci’s Manufacturing Consent 
  • Circumstances for thinking – societal norms controlling mind – reducing innovation

Conclusion:

  • Embracing the idea that inspiration can be found in everyday experiences is crucial for fostering innovation and ensuring a brighter, more imaginative future. 
  • As we navigate the complexities of our ever-changing world, let us remember that even the most ordinary of things can hold the spark of creativity and the potential for magic.
  • The magic is not just out there; it’s within us, waiting to be uncovered in the world around us.

5. Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines

Introduction

  • Breaking down the first part- Girls are weighed down by restrictions
  • Breaking down the second part – Boys are weighed down with demands
  • Why such a scenario
  • Multidimensional Impact of these harmful disciplines – Family level, society, nation, Political, economical, etc.
  • Are these two disciplines equally harmful?

Countering these harmful disciplines

  • India, a nation heralded for its rich cultural heritage and a history spanning millennia , is also a place where gender disparities have endured for generations. 
  • The intricate web of expectations placed upon girls, often characterised by social, familial, and cultural restrictions, can inhibit their aspirations, education, and personal freedoms. 
  • Simultaneously, boys face the weight of societal demands that prescribe specific notions of masculinity, often emphasising stoicism, competitiveness, and emotional restraint

Girls are weighed down by restrictions

  • Traditional gender roles and expectations may dictate that girls should prioritise domestic responsibilities over personal aspirations, conform to rigid standards of beauty and behaviour , and shy away from traditionally male-dominated fields. 
  • Emotional: Cannot express anger /aggressiveness–only love, empathy, care etc. are acceptable. 
  • Family and Marriage:   Patriarchy; Restrictions on choosing life partner; child birth  etc.
  • Career: Restrictions on  taking up professions like Mechanical Engineering , Combat role in Army etc. ( Gender ceiling ; Pink collared jobs etc.)
  • Economy: Restrictions/ non-inclusion /no independence  in major  financial decisions.
  • Consequences : These restrictions can stifle their ambitions, self-expression, and personal growth.

Boys with demands

  • Boys often grapple with societal demands that pressure them to conform to notions of masculinity that may not align with their authentic selves. 
  • Emotional : Boys are not supposed to cry even in bitter conditions.
  • Clothes : Colours and style as set up the society Ex: Pink is almost not acceptable
  • Physical : Physical Strength
  • Relationship :  Not to show equality towards spouse
  • Marriage: Taking Dowry 
  • Career :  Towards  Engineering, Army, Police etc.
  • Economy: To bear the financial burden of the entire family
  • Culture: To carry out the legacy of family
  • Consequences : These demands may include suppressing emotions, pursuing aggressive behaviours, and demonstrating dominance. The pressure to meet these demands can lead to emotional repression, mental health issues, and a perpetuation of harmful stereotypes about masculinity.

Why? – Social norms, Perpetuation of stereotypes through social interactions, misinterpretation of religious texts, popular culture, cinema, etc.

Impact of these two harmful disciplines: 

  • Limiting Personal Growth
  • Impeding social progress – Not conducive for national development
  • Non inclusive society

Are the two disciplines equally harmful or not? 

  • Arguments in favour
  • Reinforces Gender stereotypes – limits individual freedom and self expression 
  • Adversely impacts emotional well being .
  • Perpetuates gender inequality and disturbs social peace–Men Vs. Women debate will continue.
  • Limits life choices thereby repressing personal autonomy and Individual freedom 
  • Arguments against
  • Biological limitations:  Physical strength is a natural fact. Therefore, such limitations may not be harmful for certain segments.
  • Cultural limitations:  To preserve the culture to bind together the families through division of work and responsibilities.
  • Societal Limitations: Society is not yet matured enough to accept breaking the gender roles and stereotypes.
  • Infrastructural Limitations: Ex:  Lack of Toilets and other necessary infrastructure for women is an issue to recruit women in combat roles in the army.
  • More harmful to girls than boys as boys through demands at least get opportunities. However such opportunities are denied to girls due to restrictions.

Breaking barriers and building the nation – Countering the two harmful disciplines.

Conclusion: 

  • There are examples of women breaking their restrictions. Ex- Kiran Bedi
  • Matrelinial societies build on breaking restrictions.
  • Husbands also contributing in breaking limitations. Ex – division of house work.

6. Mathematics is the ‘music of reason’

  • Similarity between Maths and Music 
  • Linkage between Maths and Reason 
  • Why Maths is considered as the ‘Music of Reason’
  • Way Ahead – Steps which can be taken to build Passion for Maths among young people

Similarity between Maths and Music

Similar to Music, to do mathematics is to engage in an act of

  • Discovery of Pythagorous 
  • Ex Srinivisa Ramanujan contribution to pure mathematics, without any formal knowledge, which led to many discoveries. 
  • His last notebooks just before his death caused excitement among Mathmaticians 
  • Aryabhatta discovery of zero
  • to be in a state of confusion— Do not know what your creation can lead to
  • Newton contributions in calculus, technology of telescope etc and how it helped in Modern Physics
  • Recent research, in which Math models were used to gain new insight on how breast cancer metastasizes.
  • to be frustrated as an artist; 
  • to be awed and overwhelmed by an almost painful beauty; to be alive, damn it.”

Linkage b/w Maths and Reason

  • Mathematics is often described as a discipline rooted in pure reason. While it is influenced by empirical observations and practical applications, it is ultimately built on a foundation of abstract reasoning and logical deduction.

Reason why Mathematics is considered the ‘Music of Reason’

Requires Passion 

Continuous pursuit of Knowledge

Can lead to collaborations for greater good 

Inculcates logical Thinking and Reason 

Results in creation which stand the test of time

  • Provides Harmony in patterns – music of reason because it emphasized beauty of patterns, symmetry and harmony. 
  • Mathematical concepts underpin various technological advancement.  
  • Mathematical equation and concepts reveal the inherent order in the Universe. 
  • Transcends cultural and linguistic barriers → Universal language Understood by scientist, engineering and Finance
  • International collaboration in the above field takes place. 
  • Cultivates Problem solving skills and logical thinking → Helps tackle real world problems. 
  • Cultivates Reason → Valuable in decision making 
  • Forms the basis of artificial intelligence, cryptography and data science etc.
  • Ancient times – Jantar Mantar, 
  • Add examples – 
  • Economic Significance → Role played by Maths in economics finance, resource allocation etc. 
  • for example calculus is used to determine the rate of speed required for the spaceship to successfully reach space from the Earth. 
  • India’s achievements in space exploration, especially Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan), Chandrayaan 3 mission which was celebrated for its cost-effectiveness and precision in trajectory calculations, demonstrating the role of mathematics in space endeavours.
  • Educational and Skill development  → Provides Individuals with analytical skills and problem solving → example of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) will help develop future professionals. 
  • Interdisciplinary Connections: Intersects with various other disciplines such as Computer Science, economics and Social Science. Thus, helps with Interdisciplinary research to provide Innovative solutions to the problems 

Way Ahead – Change in culture to make Maths be seen as an artistic pursuit

  • Talk about why Maths should be taken as an intellectually engaged, artistic pursuits. 
  • Take Maths as a a tool for collaboration (Similar to Music where artists collaborate example of collaboration in field of Space), persistence (similar to music work towards persistently finding new algorithms etc.), growth mindset (offer praise, nurturing the passion for Maths among student), Make students love Maths (stop the culture of hating Maths etc.) 

7. A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity

  • Meaning/Context  : A just society is one that strives to eliminate the root causes of inequality and suffering , thereby reducing the need for charitable assistance.
  • Idea of Justice
  • Historical dimension
  • Interplay of Justice and Charity through multiple layers of society
  • Significance of charity in today’s society

Historical Dimension 

  • Concept of charity started when social justice took a backseat with caste and gender divisions–charity in fact shows the inequalities in society (where rich are able to donate to poor).

Different Dimensions of Society

  • Ex: Stephen Hawking’s disability did not let him to depend on charity.
  • Community :  Historically Disadvantaged sections of Indian society like SC/STs- were ensured with  social justice through affirmative action in the constitution.
  • Subnational level : Hilly and tribal regions are provided with special provisions  in the constitution. (Fifth and Six Schedule )
  • Social Justice has no room for freebies in elections , farm loan waivers etc. 
  • World :   Inclusion of African Union to G20–African nations need no charity but chances for opportunities for growth.

Significance of  Charity in Current Times 

  • Historical injustices have perpetuated inequalities in the society in the form of caste class, gender , religion etc.— constitution ensures social justice to these sections– but it will take a long time to correct these (even though progress has been significant) -hence charity (from individuals. Corporates and institutions) provide support to the desired sections of population to a certain extent.
  • Global North vs Global South
  • Impact of Climate Change – Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR) 
  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) – balancing profits with the social needs.

Conclusion : The ultimate goal of society is to reduce  the need for charity.

8. Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in the school

  • Meaning of Education and significance for humans.
  • Role of learning: Learning is a process which results in a more or less permanent modification of behaviour as a result of practice or experience.
  • Distinguish between education and schooling/learning → Only positive or desirable learning contributes to the process of education while negative or undesirable learning is not considered a part of education.
  • The Importance of Lifelong Learning and how education inculcates this.

Meaning/Context 

  • Education has different contextual meaning – the economist would see education as a commodity in which it is profitable for the community to invest. Sociologists would tell people that education is a socializing force, Education as a Spiritual Pursuit: According to the Upanishads, “Education is that whose end product is salvation”
  • Nevertheless, education is there in all of the above and each one is linked to the process of education, yet it lies above all these.
  • It is believed that education should prepare individuals for active participation in a democratic society.

Historical Dimension

  • Education is derived from  – “Educare”, which refers to “to bring up’ or “to nourish”.
  • In India, the concept of education is traced back to the “Gurukula Parampara” which developed in ancient times.

Distinguish between education and schooling/learning

  • Value system/ wisdom comes from experience while learning teaches academic knowledge and information. Example –  only after seeing pain, death and suffering  Siddhartha became Buddha.  
  • True education extends beyond memorization and tests, leaving a lasting imprint on an individual’s character, values, and ability to navigate the complexities of life. E.g. NEP fosters foundational learning away from rote learning.
  • Education exposes individuals to diverse cultures, histories, and perspectives, nurturing cultural and social awareness. This understanding promotes tolerance, inclusivity, and the ability to thrive in a globalized world. 

The success of renowned entrepreneurs like Steve Jobs and Bill Gates, who dropped out of college, highlights how the problem-solving skills and innovative thinking acquired in their educational journey laid the foundation for their groundbreaking careers.

The Importance of Lifelong Learning and how education inculcates this?

  • Adaptation to Change : In a rapidly changing world.
  • Personal Growth : Lifelong learning fosters personal growth and self-improvement.
  • Career Advancement : Lifelong learners are often more competitive in the job market. 
  • Problem Solving : Lifelong learning enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
  • Cognitive Health : Continuous learning helps maintain cognitive health and may delay cognitive decline associated with aging. 
  • Increased Confidence : Acquiring new knowledge and skills boosts self-confidence and self-esteem. 
  • Enhanced Communication : Lifelong learning can improve communication skills, including written and verbal communication.
  • Social Engagement : Lifelong learners often engage in social activities related to their interests, fostering connections and a sense of belonging within communities of learners.
  • Innovation and Creativity : Exposure to diverse ideas and experiences through lifelong learning can inspire innovation and creativity.

Way Forward: John Dewey’s 7 principles: Experiential Learning, Child-Centered Education , Learning by Doing, Integration of Subjects, Democratic Education, Continuous Learning, Problem-Centered Curriculum, Social Interaction.

Conclusion: Aristotle advocated for a balanced education that included the cultivation of moral virtues, intellectual virtues, and practical skills.  In essence, education endures as a beacon that guides individuals throughout their lives, illuminating the path toward personal growth, societal progress, and the betterment of humanity as a whole.

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UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Analysis FAQs

What are the rules for writing essay in upsc.

Candidates have to select a topic from each section and write about it in 1,000 to 2,000 words within the given time of three hours.

How to score good marks in essay UPSC?

Here are a few tips to help you achieve this score: - Understand the essay topic: Read the topic carefully and analyze its various dimensions. Develop a clear understanding of what the essay demands. - Plan your essay: Spend some time brainstorming and organizing your thoughts before you start writing.

Do essay questions repeat in UPSC?

Yes, UPSC does repeat its previous year's questions in the Prelims exam.

Can essay be written in bullet points?

Yes. There is no hard and fast rule; that being said, if this is for a course assignment, I would be careful about it. Some instructors might consider bullet points too informal for an essay.

What is a decent score in essay UPSC?

As the essay paper is out of 250, marks which are above 50% can be considered good, ie. 125. Marks between 110-125 is considered as average.

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Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains Exam

With every passing day, the democratic setup of India is strengthening, so are its administrative wings where transparency and accountability are evident. Well, it gives credibility to the fact that there are top administrative officers whose brilliant performance is at par excellence. Amid rigorous competition, UPSC ( Union Public Service Commission ) gets efficient candidates on-board who crack this toughest exam in India to serve the nation. This competitive examination includes 3 steps, Prelims, Mains and Personal Interview. Nevertheless, it’s a daunting task to crack such exam without meticulous preparation and strategies. In this blog, we have collated information related to the UPSC essay writing topics and their related components. It is paramount to have a tap on all those important UPSC Essay Topics which have been widely asked in previous years question papers .

Let’s take a look at important UPSC essay writing topics , you need to start practicing:

Social Topics

  • Literacy and education.
  • Modernization and Westernization in India
  • Gender Equality-problems and perspectives
  • Information Revolution and its increasing effects
  • Consumerist culture and its effects.
  • Reservation: Need, problems and solutions
  • The issue of child labour: what to do?
  • The mentality of misusing freedom
  • Composite culture of India
  • Rewriting of History
  • The problem of conversion and its solution
  • Uniform Civil Code: Need and perspective
  • Sustainable Development
  • Population Explosion:  Problem and solution
  • Indian nationalism: Nature and perspectives
  • The freedom of expression and its limitations.
  • Socialism: An irrelevant ideology
  • The responsibilities of Journalism
  • Human Rights: Need of every human being        
  • Corruption: A part of our way of life
  • The problem of language and its solution             
  • Need of saving childhood
  • Youth unrest: Causes and solutions
  • The problem of vulgarity
  • Need for a youth and culture policy
  • Indian culture: Unity in Diversity.

Like above questions Mirant Parikh, IAS(AIR 67, CSE 2016) has written Essay on one of above questions:

important essay for upsc 2023

Click here for Full Copy

Political topics.

  • India as a soft state
  • The Constitutional Review: need and perspective
  • The need of interaction between administration and public
  • Every right is attached with a duty.
  • The criminalization of politics
  • Political instability: A hurdle in national development
  • Achievements and failures of Democracy in India
  • Is India really a secular state?
  • Parliamentary Democracy: situation, problems and solutions
  • Corruption in politics
  • Judicial Activism
  • The need of sensible administration
  • National Security: Challenges and hopes
  • Democracy: A way of life
  • Kashmir problem: Need of a proper solution
  • Coalition politics: past, present and future
  • The gifts of Democracy: Casteism, Regionalism and Communalism.

Economic Topics

  • India in the age of privatization, liberalization and globalization.
  • New economic policies and the ideal of Democratic Socialism
  • Poverty and socialism: the Indian contradiction
  • New economic policies: oceans of poverty and islands of wealth
  • Regional imbalance in development
  • Human resource development and management.

International Topics

  • The problems of third world countries
  • The problem of international terrorism
  • India's contribution to the world
  • United Nations: Evaluation
  • Human Rights: A universal propaganda
  • Indian foreign policy: Need of restructuring
  • India and its neighboring countries
  • Idealism and pragmatism in foreign policy.

Mock answer by Mirant Parikh, IAS (AIR 67, CSE 2016)

important essay for upsc 2023

Click here for full copy

Philosophical/imaginative topics.

  • God is a subject of belief, not of reason
  • The philosophy of post-modernism in context of India
  • India's basic philosophy and its effect on our society
  • Religion and Politics: the professions without capital
  • 'Who cares’: the basic of youth culture.

Other topics

  • New concepts of alternative medicine: Realities about them
  • Natural disasters: the management of rescue
  • Need of a sport policy for India
  • Environment Protection: problem and solution.

Essay Preparation Strategy By: Mirant Parikh (AIR 67, CSE 2016)

Apart from these topics, candidates should browse through articles, columns, features of newspapers, magazines, journals for the preparation of good essays. Regular clippings and jotting down of important points on the side of clipped topics will ease your time and tension while giving a cursory look during the UPSC IAS examination period.

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important essay for upsc 2023

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important essay for upsc 2023

UPSC Essay Topics

The Upsc Essay Topics change every year, and aspirants are never sure what they will be. They can be about things like how the economy is doing, how women can be stronger, art and culture, or how the media affects us. Moreover, it’s a good idea to look at the essay questions from previous years to get an idea of what might be asked. This will help you practice writing essays and do well in the exam. With enough practice, you can become good at writing essays for the UPSC exam .

Furthermore, the IAS Essay section is very important in the UPSC exam. It contains 250 marks, and you must write two essay questions in three hours, each 1000 to 1200 words. Additionally, to prepare, it’s a good idea to look at previous upsc essay papers to understand what essay topics upsc might come up in the exam.

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You can also check for UPSC Mains Toppers Booklist . [embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=am5JYNs9Y08[/embedyt]

UPSC Essay Topics 2024

The UPSC essay paper is one of the nine papers in the UPSC Mains exam . It’s a chance for candidates to share their opinions on social, economic, and political issues. UPSC usually chooses topics that are either related to current events or have a big impact on society. Moreover, some important IAS essay topics for the UPSC exam could include:

  • Development
  • Urbanisation
  • Globalisation
  • Bureaucracy/Civil Service
  • Constitution
  • Water Security
  • Poverty/Hunger/Food Security
  • Human Resources- Employment
  • Social Media
  • Privacy/Surveillance

Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes  

UPSC Essay Topics: Previous Year Question Paper

Having access to the previous year’s essay topics can be useful. It gives you an idea of the types of essays asked in previous years. Moreover, That’s why we’ve provided the UPSC essay topics from the previous year’s UPSC question paper below.

  • UPSC Essay Topics for year 2022
  • UPSC Essay Topics for year 2021
  • UPSC Essay Topics for year 2020
  • UPSC Essay Topics for year 2019
  • UPSC Essay Topics for year 2018

You can also check for how to write an essay for upsc .

UPSC Essay Topics: Topic wise

Here, we will discuss different UPSC Essay Topics that are frequently asked in the UPSC Examination.

UPSC Essay Topics on Administration 

If you want to prepare for Polity and Administration topics for the UPSC exam, you can start by reading books on Polity and Public Administration. Moreover, these books provide basic information about relevant issues and their history, which can be useful when writing essay questions on Polity and Public Administration for the UPSC exam. Some UPSC essay topics on these topics could include:

Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching  

  • Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanisation?
  • Politics without ethics is a disaster.
  • Judicial activism and Indian democracy.
  • The language politics in India: its past, present, and future.
  • Is a better disaster management system need of the hour?
  • Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
  • Need for transparency in public administration.
  • The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy.

UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology

To write an essay on Science and Technology topics for the UPSC exam, you can start by following current affairs related to this field. You can also refer to books on Science and Technology for UPSC to get a multidimensional perspective. Moreover, some possible Science and Tech UPSC essay topics could include:

  • The modern doctor and his patients.
  • The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
  • Alternative technologies for a climate change-resilient India.
  • Technology cannot replace manpower.
  • Social media is inherently a selfish medium.
  • Value-based science and education.
  • Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilisation in the long run.
  • The lure of space.
  • Spirituality and scientific temper.
  • The march of science and the erosion of human values.
  • The cyberworld: Its charms and challenges.
  • Science and Mysticism: Are they compatible?

UPSC Essay Topics on Women Empowerment

UPSC encourages gender equality in the workplace and often includes essay topics related to women. The UPSC Essay topics aims to understand the candidate’s level of critical thinking and ability to express their thoughts. Including data, references, and real-life examples can help earn extra marks while writing essays. Moreover, some possible UPSC essay topics related to women and women empowerment could include:

  • Challenges and Prospects of Women Empowerment
  • Ground realities of the new emerging women power
  • Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
  • Is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal- Managing work and home?
  • Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
  • What if all the developed countries had women as their heads?
  • Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight.
  • Whither women’s emancipation?

UPSC Essay Topics on Indian Culture & Society

The UPSC essay topics related to Indian society, art, and culture are always diverse. To prepare for these topics, candidates can read basic books on society that are typically referred to during the exam. Moreover, you can also use Art & Culture Notes for UPSC to help with your preparation. Some possible UPSC essay topics related to Indian culture and society are:

  • Are new cults and godmen threats to the traditional religion?
  • Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values.
  • Indian society is at a crossroads.
  • The composite culture of Indian society
  • Where the Youth culture of today is heading towards
  • As civilisation progresses, culture declines.

UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophical Type

Every year, UPSC includes two or more UPSC essay topics related to philosophical thoughts, Indian philosophical schools, or quotes from famous personalities. Students can refer to Philosophy Books for UPSC to prepare for these topics to gain a basic background. Moreover, some possible UPSC essay topics related to philosophy or quotes from famous personalities are:

  • Be the change you want to see in others.
  • Reality does not conform to the ideal but confirms it.
  • The paths of glory lead but to the grave.
  • Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds.
  • If youth knew if age could.
  • Useless life is an early death.
  • Search for truth can only be attained through spiritual means.
  • Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
  • Words are sharper than a two-edged sword

UPSC Essay Topics on Education

Education is a popular UPSC essay topics , and almost every year, an essay related to education is asked in the paper. Moreover, to prepare for this topic, staying updated with current affairs and major changes and developments related to the field is important. Some possible UPSC essay topics related to education for UPSC could include:

  • Privatisation of the higher education system in India.
  • Does growth in literacy correspond to growth in education?
  • Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather make a man a more clever devil.
  • Concept of Real Education
  • Restructuring of the Indian education system with respect to the NEP
  • The destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
  • Education for all”: myth or reality.

UPSC Essay Topics on Economic Growth

UPSC frequently includes IAS essay topics on economic growth, development, and the MNC (multi-national corporation) sector. To prepare for these topics, candidates can refer to Economy Notes for UPSC to get a general overview of the subject. Moreover, once you grasp the basics well, you can add examples, data, and figures to make your essay more multi-dimensional. Some possible UPSC essay topics related to economics for UPSC could include:

  • Can tourism be the next big thing for India?
  • GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) should be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
  • Are the Multinational corporations saviours or saboteurs?
  • Is the Digital economy a leveller or a source of economic inequality?
  • Is it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
  • Future of BPO Culture in India
  • Crisis faced in India – moral or economic.
  • Is the near jobless growth in India an anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms?

You can also check for UPSC Calendar 2023 .

Upsc Essay Topics: Things to keep in mind

Writing is a way to show how you think. When an examiner reads your essay, they can understand your thought process. An essay is a well-structured set of ideas on a specific topic. Moreover, to score well on the UPSC Essay paper , it’s important to practice and be persistent. The essay is about factual knowledge, creativity, and critical thinking. To score well on the UPSC Essay paper, follow these steps:

  • Choose the Right Essay

The UPSC Essay paper has two sections, and you have to write one essay from each section. Both essays have 125 marks each and must be 1000-1200 words. Before choosing a topic, it’s important to reflect on it and consider if it’s too controversial or if you have enough information to write about it.

  • Examine the Topic

When you select UPSC Essay Topics , it’s important to take some time to think about the topic and write down the main keywords that you will use in your essay. This will help you organise your thoughts and ensure you cover all the key points.

Taking a multidimensional approach is important when writing your essay, which means considering different perspectives and angles.

Additionally, structure your essay clearly and concisely, with an introduction that sets the stage for the rest of the essay, a body that covers your main points, and a conclusion that summarises your key ideas and leaves a lasting impression on the reader.

  • Structure well

The introduction is a crucial part of the UPSC Essay Topics and should provide a brief idea about the topic. It should convey your perspective on the topic. The essay’s main body should be divided into well-connected small paragraphs. The language should be simple, clear, and easy to comprehend.

Moreover, the focus should be on critical thinking rather than using complex vocabulary. If necessary, include relevant facts and data. Using quotes and sayings can add weight to the essay. The conclusion should be clear and concise. While writing, strive for a neutral or balanced approach.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 

Q1: Do UPSC Topics get repeated?

Ans: That’s correct. While UPSC may repeat essay topics from previous years, they are likely to ask a different question with the exact same wording. Instead, they may tweak the language or focus of the question slightly to test a candidate’s understanding and analytical skills. Moreover, it is also true that certain topics, such as history, economics, and Indian polity, tend to be asked more frequently than others.

Q2: How many essay questions are asked in the upsc essay paper?

Ans: The UPSC Essay Paper consists of two sections, each containing four to five essay topics. Candidates need to choose one essay topic from each section and write an essay of 1000 to 1200 words on each topic. Moreover, each essay is worth 125 marks, and the total mark for the UPSC Essay Paper is 250.

Q3: How can I write a good essay for UPSC?

Ans: Keeping notes and staying updated with current affairs is crucial in developing a deep understanding of various topics. Reading books, journals, and other publications related to the UPSC Essay Topics can also help enhance knowledge and vocabulary. Moreover, ractising writing essays regularly and getting feedback from mentors or peers to improve writing skills is also important.

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Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF

Annesha Deb Image

Annesha Deb ,

Mar 4, 2024 | UPSC CSAT

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The judiciary, economics, society, government policies, geography, science and technology, and federalism are some areas for UPSC essay topics. Students have to answer 1 essay topic from Sections A and B.

Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF

The UPSC Essay Topics 2023 are segmented into two sections - Section A and B with 4 topics each. The topics are "Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team", "Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic", "Not all who wander are lost".

UPSC essay topics are from various areas: Administration, Democracy/India since Independence, Judiciary, Economics, Federalism, Decentralisation, Indian culture and Society, Environment, Socialisation, and Science & Technology. The essay questions are part of civil services mains exams. Each essay topic must be written within 1000 to 1200 words. 

Table of Contents

  • UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years PDFs: Download Link

UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years

How to prepare for upsc essay topics, upsc essay topics from previous years pdfs.

In the table below are the UPSC essay topics from the previous years. These are the official PDFs. Students can download the PDFs by clicking on the links. 

UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years PDFs
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014

UPSC essay topics are divided into two sections: Sections A and B. Students have to choose their desired topic. There are 4 topics in each section. Here are the UPSC essay topics from 2023 to 2014. 

UPSC Essay Topics 2023

Upsc essay topics 2022, upsc essay topics 2021, upsc essay topics 2020, upsc essay topics 2019, upsc essay topics 2018, upsc essay topics 2017, upsc essay topics 2016, upsc essay topics 2015, upsc essay topics 2014.

  • Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team 
  • Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic
  • Not all who wander are lost
  • Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane
  • Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands - two equally harmful disciplines
  • Mathematics is the music of reason
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity
  • Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school
  • Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
  • Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
  • History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
  • A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ship is for.
  • The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
  • You cannot step twice in the same river.
  • A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
  • Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Also Check : UPSC Toppers Answer Sheet: Download PDF

  • The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 
  • Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 
  • Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
  • The real is rational and the rational is real.
  • Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
  • What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! 
  • History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
  • There are better practices to "best practices".

Also Check : How to Crack UPSC?

  • Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
  • Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
  • Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
  • Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. 
  • Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
  • There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
  • Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
  • Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

Also Check : Easiest Optional Subjects for UPSC

  • Wisdom finds truth.
  • Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
  • Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
  • Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
  • South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
  • Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
  • Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
  • Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
  • Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
  • A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
  • Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.
  • Management of Indian border disputes-a complex task.
  • The past' is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
  • A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both.
  • Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
  • Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. 
  • Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
  • Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
  • Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world? 
  • Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
  • Fulfilment of 'new woman' in India is a myth.
  • We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
  • Social media' is inherently a selfish medium. 
  • If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
  • Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
  • Water disputes between States in federal India.
  • Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. 
  • Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
  • Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
  • Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
  • Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.
  • Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
  • Quick but steady wins the race. 
  • Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
  •  Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever  devil. 
  • Technology cannot replace manpower. 
  • Crisis faced in India - moral or economic.
  • Dreams which should not let India sleep.
  • Can capitalism bring inclusive growth ?
  • With greater power comes greater responsibility.
  • Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
  • Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? 
  • Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
  • Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
  • Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? 
  • Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
  • Tourism Can this be the next big thing for India?

Preparation for UPSC essay topics is important. One hundred twenty-five marks are allotted to each topic, and the total marks for the paper are 250. 

Therefore, here are some of the preparation tips:

  • Research for Topics: Students are advised to review the popular essay topics. Do a thorough research on the topic and support the essay with facts. 
  • List Down the Topics: Once the topics are gathered, students must divide them into judiciary, polity, administration, society, economics, etc. This process helps in collecting supporting information quickly. 
  • Know the Latest Events: UPSC essay topics are usually from the latest events. The knowledge of events is tested; students must watch the news or read Pratiyogita Darpan to know the latest events. 
  • Practice Writing: The writing has to be fast and precise. Students must choose a topic, start writing on it, and time themselves. 
  • Proofread: Students must also proofread their essay topics if there are mistakes that will cost them a deduction of marks.

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75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview – Download Current Issues E-Book (3rd Edition)

Last updated on September 26, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview

Table of Contents

Peculiarities of the book – Current Issues – What’s hot today? – 75 Important Issues for UPSC Mains and Interview

  • Issue-based study (with views and counterviews) is highly helpful for the UPSC Civil Services Exam Mains (written test) as well as the Interview (personality test).
  • You would get quick coverage of a lot of issues – with positives and negatives – which enable you to take a stand.
  • You can save a lot of time (and avoid spending energy on multiple sources on these issues).
  • You will get an idea of the background/history of important issues.
  • Reference links to related discussions – text and video – from important websites like Rajya Sabha TV, PIB, PRS India, AIR etc are provided.

Buy and download online Rs.199. Link – Current Issues – What’s hot today? – 75 Important Issues for UPSC Mains

About the 3rd Edition

75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview

  • The new edition includes about 75 current issues which need your attention (yes, a lot more new issues than our 1 st and 2 nd editions!)
  • Also, many of the earlier topics still relevant today are updated with the latest current affairs .
  • Some topics that are not applicable for this year are omitted as well.

75 Most Important Topics for UPSC Mains and Interview – Table of Contents

  • Aadhaar and Privacy issues
  • The ban on cow slaughter/ Beef Ban
  • Cashless Economy
  • Economic growth Vs Environmental conservation
  • Election Funding
  • Free Speech: Rights & Limits
  • Frequent promulgation of Ordinance
  • Full statehood to Delhi: Should it be granted or not?
  • Interstate water disputes: Focus on Cauvery Water Dispute
  • Judicial activism and judicial Overreach
  • Judicial appointment: Collegium Vs NJAC
  • Kashmir Unrest
  • Media freedom and Responsible reporting
  • Muslim Personal law: Polygamy/ Triple talaq
  • Nationalism vs Regionalism
  • NGOs and Development/ Crackdown on NGOs
  • Dalit assertion and Politics of reservation
  • Restriction on the entry of women in places of worship
  • Should India spend more on science or Social welfare?
  • Supreme Court judgement on Caste, Religion in Polls
  • Parliamentary disruptions
  • Uniform civil code
  • Privatization of certain Healthcare Services
  • Agrarian crisis: Issues in farmer economy
  • Issues related to Social Media
  • Criminalisation of politics
  • Stubble burning in the neighbourhood of Delhi
  • Marital rape
  • ‘Living wills’/ Euthanasia
  • Separate State Flag in Karnataka
  • Net neutrality
  • The merger of PSU banks
  • Privatization of Air India
  • Capital Punishment/death sentence
  • Politics and Economics of farm loan waiver
  • Laws to ban certain social practices
  • Entry of foreign universities in India
  • Respecting national anthem
  • The special court for trying politicians
  • National Medical Commission Bill
  • Barring MPs from practising law
  • Controversy over changing the Constitution
  • Lateral entry: Professionalizing Governance or Committed Bureaucracy?
  • Section 377: Constitutionality Vs Morality
  • Institutions of Eminence: Can the tag help to create world-class universities?
  • Higher Education Commission of India
  • Bad bank: Is it a good idea?
  • Data protection: Privacy Vs Innovation
  • Ayushman Bharat: Can it make India healthier?
  • SC/ST Act judgment: Protecting the innocent or diluting the Protection?
  • Crisis in the sugar sector
  • Khap Panchayats and honour killing
  • National Policy on Biofuels
  • Should the SC proceedings be live streamed?
  • Doubling the Farmer’s income
  • Is AI a danger to humanity?
  • What prevents women from working in India?
  • Special category status
  • National Register of Citizens
  • Price Deficiency Payment mechanism
  • Death penalty for raping minor
  • Mob lynching: Is it becoming a new normal?
  • RTI amendments
  • India in SCO: Benefits and challenges
  • Minimum Support Price
  • Reservation in promotion for SC/ST employees
  • No detention under RTE
  • Interlinking of rivers
  • Compensatory Afforestation
  • Non Performing Assets
  • Amendments to the prevention of Corruption Act
  • Issues related to the appointment of Lokpal
  • Does RBI need more power to monitor Banks?
  • Office of the Speaker: Powers and Issues

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UPSC Main Paper 1 2024: Important essay topics, previous year’s question paper and more

UPSC Main Paper 1 2024: Important essay topics, previous year’s question paper and more

UPSC Mains 2024 Essay paper: Exam pattern



Number of questions

Candidates need to attempt two questions, one from Section A and the other from Section B.

Total marks

250

Marks carried by each question

125

Duration

3 hours

Type of question

Subjective

UPSC Mains 2023 question paper for Essay

Upsc mains essay paper: important topics.

  • Justice and mercy balance precariously on the edge of circumstances.
  • The quest for knowledge is an ever-expanding journey toward the boundaries of understanding.
  • True greatness in life is found not in never stumbling, but in the resilience to rise each time we fall.
  • Clarity and comprehension emerge beyond the fog of doubt.
  • A nation’s strength is reflected in the safety and empowerment of its women.
  • Poverty extends beyond financial deprivation, encompassing the denial of opportunities and choices.
  • Progress should not compromise democracy and individual freedoms.
  • The mind holds the power to transform its own reality, creating heaven or hell within.
  • Compassion, empathy, and forgiveness are noble qualities that enhance the human experience.
  • In the face of change, some erect barriers while others harness the power of the winds to propel forward.
  • The greatest punishment for avoiding leadership is to be ruled by someone less capable.
  • The strongest minds often belong to those who speak the least.
  • Some rules are more respected when broken than when followed.
  • The strong do what they must, and the weak accept what they must.
  • True glory lies not in never falling, but in rising each time we do.
  • Power doesn’t corrupt; rather, people corrupt power.

Tips to prepare for UPSC Mains Essay paper

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20 Most Important Essay Topics for UPSC Exams Descriptive Paper | Essay for UPSC

Essay writing for upsc.

Union Public Service Commission ( UPSC ) conducts examinations for appointment/promotion to the services of the Central Government. In the examinations objective and descriptive papers, interviews etc are conducted where many descriptive paper also consists paper of essay writing. Here we have complied a list of important essay topics for UPSC which is very helpful for the students who are preparing for UPSC Exams like Civil Services, CAPF AC, Promotional Exams, etc. Aspirants can also read these essays by clicking on the topics. Lets see these important essay topics for UPSC.

20 Most Important Essay Topics for UPSC Descriptive Paper

  • Essay on PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana:  Read Here
  • Essay on One Nation One Election:  Read Here
  • Essay on ICC Men's World Cup 2023: Read Here
  • Essay on Ram Mandir Pran Pratishtha: A Resolution to Ramrajya:  Read Here
  • Essay on Mission Chandrayaan-3:  Read Here
  • Essay on Green Growth:  Read Here
  • Download PDF of these Essays:  Click Here
  • Essay on Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam:  Read Here
  • Essay on Financial Collusion:  Read Here
  • Essay on e-₹UPI:  Read Here
  • Essay on G20:  Read Here
  • Essay on UPI Advantages and Disadvantages:  Read Here
  • Essay on PM SHRI School Scheme:  Read Here
  • Essay on Astro Tourism:  Read Here
  • Essay on Asia Cup 2022:  Read Here
  • Essay on Artificial Intelligence (AI):  Read Here
  • Essay on Commonwealth Games 2022:  Read Here
  • Essay on Har Ghar Tiranga:  Read Here
  • Essay on Agnipath Scheme: Read Here  
  • Essay on Envisioning India @2047:  Read Here
  • Essay on Menace of Fake News:  Read Here
  • Essay on Power Crisis in India:  Read Here
  • Essay on Freebie Politics:  Read Here
  • Unsung Heroes of Freedom Struggle:  Read Here
  • Cryptocurrency and India:  Read Here
  • Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav:  Read Here
  • Importance of Free and Fair Election:  Read Here
  • Download PDF of these Essays: Click Here
  • Governance 4.0:  Read Here
  • Natural Farming:  Read Here
  • Beat Plastic Pollution:  Read Here
  • Aatmanirbhar Bharat:  Read Here
  • PM Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission:  Read Here
  • Vocal for Local:  Read Here
  • Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Classes:  Read Here
  • Corona and its impact on Human Life:  Read Here
  • Raising Legal Age of Marriage for Women:  Read Here
  • Uniform Civil Code:  Read Here
  • Electronic Vehicles: The Future of Transport:  Read Here
  • E-Learning: The Future of Education System:  Read Here
  • Social Media Addiction:  Read Here
  • Importance of Education:  Read Here
  • Single Use Plastic Ban:  Read Here
  • Women Empowerment:  Read Here
  • Role of Students in Eradication of Drugs:  Read Here
  • Benefits of Yoga:  Read Here
  • Impact of Poverty on Education:  Read Here

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These are most important essay topics for UPSC Descriptive Paper in English. Here we have prepared additional list important essay topics for UPSC descriptive exam. You can also take help from here.

Also Read: Essay on Artificial Intelligence UPSC

Important Essay Topics for UPSC

Essay Topics for UPSC

  • Beat Plastic Pollution
  • E-₹UPI
  • UPI Advantages and Disadvantages
  • Green Growth
  • Commonwealth Game 2022
  • Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
  • Agnipath Scheme
  • Har Ghar Tiranga
  • Envisioning India @2047
  • Cryptocurrency
  • Water Crisis in India

important essay for upsc 2023

  • Unemployment
  • Plastic Waste Management
  • One Nation One Constitution
  • Importance of Free and Fair Election
  • Why Population Control is Necessary
  • Importance of Human Rights
  • Global Warming
  • Online Shopping
  • Importance of Trees
  • Human Trafficking
  • Online Classes Vs Offline Classes
  • History of Pandemic
  • Natural Disaster
  • International Trade: The bedrock of Economic Development
  • Abrogation of Article 370 and 35a

The above are the most expected essay topics for UPSC Exams 2023. Hope these Essay Topics for UPSC Exams is helpful for your exam preparation.

Essay Topics for UPSC in Hindi

Here we have also prepared important essay topics for UPSC Descriptive Paper in Hindi. You can read it from here.

  • अग्निपथ योजना पर निबंध   ( पढ़ने के लिए टॉपिक पर क्लिक करें )
  • स्वतंत्र और निष्पक्ष चुनाव पर निबंध  
  • ओलिंपिक खेल टोक्यो 2020
  • आज़ादी का अमृत महोत्सव  
  • ग्लोबल वार्मिंग  
  • कृषि विधेयक 2020 पर निबंध
  • 'वोकल फॉर लोकल' पर निबंध
  • आत्मनिर्भर भारत पर निबंध
  • प्रदूषण पर निबंध
  • पर्यावरण प्रदूषण पर नियंत्रण के उपाय
  • जल प्रदूषण: कारण एवं नियंत्रण के उपाय   
  • सिंगल यूज़ प्लास्टिक निबंध

Hope you liked this article on 20 Most Important Essay Topics for UPSC Exams Descriptive Paper. Take help of this and score full marks in UPSC Descriptive Paper Essay Writing.

important essay for upsc 2023

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important essay for upsc 2023

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Previous Year Question Papers

Combined Defence Services Examination (II), 2024
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (II), 2024
Central Armed Police Forces (ACs) Examination, 2024
Combined Medical Services Examination, 2024
Indian Economic Service - Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2024
Engineering Services (Main) Examination, 2024
Combined Geo-Scientist (Main) Examination, 2024
Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2024
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (I), 2024
Combined Defence Services Examination (I), 2024
CISF AC(EXE) LDCE-2024
Combined Geo-Scientist (Preliminary) Examination, 2024
Engineering Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2024
CBI (DSP) LDCE-2023
Combined SO (Grade B) LDC Examination, 2023
Indian Forest Service (Main) Examination, 2023
Combined SO (Grade-B) LDC Examination, 2019-2022
Combined SO (Gr B) LDCE Year 2021 - 2022
Combined SO (Gr B) LDCE Year 2019 - 2020
CISF AC(EXE) LDCE-2023
Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2023
Optional Subjects
Literature Subjects
Compulsory Subjects
General Studies
General
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (II), 2023
Combined Defence Services Examination (II), 2023
Central Armed Police Forces (ACs) Examination, 2023
Combined Medical Services Examination, 2023
Engineering Services (Main) Examination, 2023
Combined Geo-Scientist (Main) Examination, 2023
Indian Economic Service - Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2023
Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2023
Combined Defence Services Examination (I), 2023
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (I), 2023
Combined Geo-Scientist (Preliminary) Examination, 2023
Engineering Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2023
SO-Steno (GD-B-GD-I) LDCE - 2018
Indian Forest Service (Main) Examination, 2022
Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2022
Compulsory Subjects
Literature Subjects
Optional Subjects
General
General Studies
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (II), 2022
Combined Defence Services Examination (II), 2022
Central Armed Police Forces (ACs) Examination, 2022
Combined Medical Services Examination, 2022
Combined Geo-Scientist (Main) Examination, 2022
Indian Economic Service - Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2022
Engineering Services (Main) Examination, 2022
Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2022
Combined Defence Services Examination (I), 2022
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (I), 2022
CISF AC(EXE) LDCE-2022
Combined Geo-Scientist (Preliminary) Examination, 2022
Engineering Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2022
Indian Forest Service (Main) Examination, 2021

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Essay Paper for UPSC (2013-2023)

  • Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
  • Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
  • Not all who wander are lost.
  • Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
  • Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines.
  • Mathematics is the music of reason.
  • A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
  • Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.
  • Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence
  • Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
  • History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man
  • A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for
  • The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining
  • You cannot step twice in the same river
  • A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
  • Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

SECTION – A

  • The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
  • Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you in an awareness of me.
  • Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
  • The real is rational and the rational is real.

SECTION – B

  • Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
  • What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
  • History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
  • There are better practices to “best practices”.
  • Life is a long journey between human being and being humane
  • Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self
  • Ships do not sink because of water around them,  ships sink because of water that gets into them
  • Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication
  • Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have
  • There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless
  • Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality
  • Technology as the silent factor in international relations
  • Wisdom finds truth.
  • Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
  • Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
  • Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
  • South-Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
  • Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
  • Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
  • Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
  • Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
  • A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
  • Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.
  • Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task.
  • Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life.
  • “The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
  • A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both.
  • Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
  • Farming has lost the ability to be a source of substance for majority of farmers in India
  • Impact of new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India
  • Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms
  • Has the non alignment movement lost its relevance in a multi-polar world?
  • Joy is simplest form of gratitude
  • Fulfillment of new woman in India is a myth.
  • We may brave human laws but can not resist natural laws
  • Social media is inherently a selfish medium
  • If development is not engendered, it is engendered.
  • Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils bread.
  • Water disputes between State in federal India.
  • Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare.
  • Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
  • Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
  • Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
  • Digital Economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.
  • Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
  • Quick but steady wins the race
  • Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
  • Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil.
  • Technology cannot replace manpower.
  • Crisis faced in India – moral or economic.
  • Dreams which should not let India sleep.
  • Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?
  • With greater power comes greater responsibility.
  • Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
  • Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress?
  • Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
  • Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
  • Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
  • Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
  • Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?

INSTRUCTIONS Write an essay on any one of the following topics, in not more than 2500 words. (250 marks)

  • Be the change you want to see in others-Gandhi ji.
  • Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s success?
  • GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDP (Gross Domestic Product) would be righty indices for judging the well-being of a country.
  • Science and Technology are the panaceas for the growth and security of the nation.

INSTRUCTIONS

Write an essay in about 3000 words on any one of the following:

  • Indian women in international sports
  • Cultivation of organic foods
  • Foreign Direct Investment in retail – boon or bane?
  • How effective are our systems and institutions in dealing with disasters?
  • Food security – legislation and implementation
  • Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implications.
  • Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it?
  • Credit-based higher education system-status, opportunities, and challenges.
  • In the Indian context, both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism.
  • Geography may remain the same; history need not.
  • hould amoratoriumbe imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country?
  • Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role.
  • From traditional Indian philanthropy to the Gates-Buffett model – a natural progression or a paradigm shift?
  • Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death?
  • Are we a ‘Soft ’ state ?
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important essay for upsc 2023

  • 15 Sep 2023
  • 04 Oct 2022
  • 03 Oct 2022

important essay for upsc 2023

How to Calculate Marks in UPSC NDA and CDS Exam 2024: Check Negative Marking Scheme

How to calculate marks in the upsc nda and cds exam: to get the final marks for the written exam nda and cds, add marks for each correct answer and deduct 1/3rd mark for each incorrect answer in objective papers. check the steps on how to calculate marks in the upsc nda and cds exam..

Mohd Salman

How to Calculate Marks in the UPSC NDA and CDS Exam: The marking scheme of the UPSC NDA and CDS exams is almost similar. There is the provision of a negative marking of 1/3rd mark for each incorrect answer in objective papers of the NDA & CDS exam. The UPSC NDA exam is divided into two subjects: mathematics and general ability, whereas the CDS exam comprises three sections, such as English, general knowledge, and elementary mathematics. The number of questions and maximum marks vary as per the subject. Read on to learn more about how to calculate marks in the UPSC NDA and CDS exams on this page.

  • NDA Admit Card 2024
  • NDA Question Paper 2024 
  • CDS Question Paper 2024
  • CDS Exam Analysis 2024

UPSC NDA and CDS Exam 2024: Negative Marking 

  • There will be four alternatives for the answer to every question. For each question for which the candidate has given a wrong answer. One-third (0.33) of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as a penalty.
  • If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the given answers is correct and there will be the same penalty as above for that question.
  • If a question is left blank, i.e., no answer is provided by the candidate, there will be no negative marking for that question.

UPSC NDA 2024 Exam Marking Scheme

Understanding How to Calculate Marks in the UPSC NDA Exam With Examples

How to calculate marks in the upsc nda exam for mathematics paper.

Let’s consider a student, ABC, who is preparing to attempt the NDA written examination. She has prepared well for the Mathematics and General Ability Test (GAT) papers of the NDA exam. ABC attempted 70 questions in the mathematics paper of the NDA exam. Upon analysing her answers, it was discovered that 10 of her responses were wrong.

How to Calculate Marks in the UPSC NDA Exam for GAT Paper?

Let’s consider another student, XYZ, who is preparing to attempt the NDA written examination. She has prepared well for the Mathematics and General Ability Test (GAT) papers of the NDA exam. XYZ attempted 100 questions in the GAT paper of the NDA exam. Upon analysing her answers, it was discovered that 20 of her responses were wrong.

How to Calculate Marks in the UPSC CDS Exam?

Understanding How to Calculate Marks in the UPSC CDS Exam With Examples

How to calculate marks in the upsc cds exam.

Let’s consider a student, ABC, who is preparing to attempt the CDS written examination. She has prepared well for the English, General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics papers of the CDS exam. ABC attempted 70 questions in the mathematics paper of the CDS exam. Upon analysing her answers, it was discovered that 10 of her responses were wrong.

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  • Is there any negative marking in the UPSC CDS & NDA Exam? + Yes, there is the provision of a negative marking of 1/3rd mark for each incorrect answer in objective papers of the NDA & CDS exam.
  • How many questions are asked in the UPSC CDS & NDA Exam? + The number of questions and maximum marks varies as per the subject. Check the complete details above.
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Guest Essay

An Infantilizing Double Standard for American College Students

Inside of a playpen, a man writes equations on a child-size chalkboard and a woman works on a laptop.

By Rita Koganzon

Dr. Koganzon is an associate professor in the School of Civic Life and Leadership at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Her research focuses on the themes of education, childhood, authority and the family in political thought.

Picture two 20-year-olds. One is a full-time college student and the other is a full-time waiter. Both go out one night to drink and have a good time.

If the underage student is caught drinking by the campus police, he’ll most likely get a free ride home in the college’s drunk van, while the imbibing underage waiter is more likely to be charged with a misdemeanor. If, the next morning, the waiter fails to show up to work or confuses orders, he cannot expect to remain employed long.

But the hung over university student who sleeps through his classes and turns in incoherent assignments faces a sunnier prospect: Thanks to grade inflation, A-range grades constitute an astounding 79 percent of all grades given at Harvard and Yale , with other universities not too far behind .

Universities don’t openly describe students as children, but that is how they treat them. This was highlighted in the spring, when so many pro-Palestinian student protesters — most of them legal adults — faced minimal consequences for even flagrant violations of their universities’ policies. (Some were arrested — but those charges were often dropped .) American universities’ relative generosity to their students may seem appealing, especially in contrast to the plight of our imaginary waiter, but it has a dark side, in the form of increased control of student life.

If universities today won’t hold students responsible for their bad behavior, they also won’t leave them alone when they do nothing wrong. Administrators send out position statements after major national and international political events to convey the approved response, micromanage campus parties and social events , dictate scripts for sexual interactions , extract allegiance to boutique theories of power and herd undergraduates into mandatory dormitories where their daily lives can be more comprehensively monitored and shaped. This is increasingly true across institutions — public and private, small and large — but the more elite the school, the more acute the problem.

A result of this combination of increased lenience and increased control is a kind of simulacrum of adult independence that in reality infantilizes students and protects them from responsibility — for both their good choices and their bad ones. On one hand, there is almost no chance that a Stanford student will face serious consequences for underage drinking at a party. The first three violations of the school’s alcohol policy result in consequences no more severe than mandated participation in an in-house educational program. On the other hand, under rules requiring extensive monitoring and an elaborate registration process for social gatherings, finding a party to attend in the first place at Stanford might be even more difficult than being punished for drinking at one.

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    UPSC Essay Paper Analysis 2023. UPSC Essay Paper Analysis 2023: The Union Public Service Commission is prepared to administer the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2023 on September 15 and over the course of five days, including September 16, 17, 23, and 24, 2023, at multiple examination centers.This exam will consist of two sessions: one in the morning and another in the afternoon.

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