operations management in business assignment

Operations Management: Processes & Best Practices

Operations management influences every part of how you run a company. That includes how you produce a product or service, how you track and improve your efficiency and how you contribute to the bottom line. Simply put, operations management drives efficient workforces, processes and supply chains.

This guide explores the types of operations management and how they bring value to a business. Explore the ins and outs of operations management strategy and learn the best practices to achieve success.

Inside this article:

• Types of operations management

Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM)

• Operations management process
• Best practices for operations management

What Is Operations Management?

Operations management is the practice of handling day-to-day business functions in a manner that is efficient and that maximizes profitability. This discipline focuses on formulating strategies and taking actions to optimize production and supply chain performance.

Key Takeaways

• Operations management focuses on multiple aspects of an organization’s day-to-day operations, not just resolving the inevitable one-off problems that arise.
• Without operations management, critical business functions like R&D, client service delivery, information technology and inventory control are prone to mismanagement and underfunding.
• Behind most successful supply chains is solid operations management because it provides managers the means to direct resources toward desired results.

What Is the Purpose of Operations Management?

The purpose of operations management is to promote and support efficient business processes. The practice focuses on the staff, processes and physical resources required to operate a business.

Operations management also refers to how an organization coordinates and oversees the flow of information among its departments; how successful it is at complying with business and regulatory requirements; how well it ensures customer satisfaction; and how efficiently it manages daily operations, not just resolving problems that occasionally arise.

Goals of Operation Management

The goals of operations management are about maximizing the organization’s efforts, mainly around producing goods and/or services and managing the supply chain and infrastructure. The focus is on controlling costs, maximizing profitability and properly allocating resources.

Operations managers seek to reduce operating costs by coordinating business tasks, ensuring qualified people are in the right positions and continuously monitoring performance metrics.

Importance of Operations Management

An effective operations management practice makes a business more competitive and prevents it from wasting time and money on activities that don’t forward the company’s strategic vision. An effective operations manager ensures the organization meets business goals.

Operations management is necessary for companies to stay competitive in any industry, but healthcare, technology and manufacturing firms often have a particular focus. Without efficient operations management, critical business functions like research, client service delivery, IT and inventory control may fall prey to mismanagement.

Types of Operations Management

The three main types of operations management focus on the objective , the task or the individual employee . Which you use depends on your company’s needs and goals, and a manager might use different types based on the situation.

Objectives management:

Setting priorities, making operational decisions based on business goals and aligning operations to support overall company objectives.

Task management:

Managing daily operations based on work in progress and linear workflows to assign tasks before moving to the next phase.

Individual supervision:

Using real-time information from managers and employees on the ground performing the work to optimize operations.

Some facets of operations management may require additional functions. For example, tasks may consist of planning and researching; creating operational budgets; and managing physical inventory, supply chains and vendors.

In addition to the types of business functions, there are three categories of modern operations management environments:

Centralized:

Shops with centralized operations management typically use one central control system to manage essential supply chain functions and oversee multiple employees who work in one location.

Decentralized:

Decentralized operations management uses multiple systems, including advanced infrastructure and technology like web applications and cloud databases, to coordinate work across global supply chains and multiple locations.

A hybrid operations management environment leverages the advantages of centralized and decentralized operations. For example, you might have a centralized production center with unified manufacturing and warehousing capabilities and equipped with an automated infrastructure connected to cloud-based networks for real-time monitoring.

Operations Management Eco-System

Strategic vs. Tactical Operations Management Decisions

Strategic operations management focuses on long-term success, while tactical operations decisions are about reacting and adjusting in the short term. Use a combination of these approaches for the best results.

Strategic operations decisions involve estimates, predictions, goals and comparative analyses. This approach concentrates on the future to meet long-term objectives and ensure lasting success. One key aspect is using operational data to analyze results and adjust long-term strategic plans where necessary.

Tactical operations decisions, on the other hand, involve how the company responds to changing operational conditions. For example, an organization might need to adjust production schedules or workforce planning as the marketplace fluctuates.

Operations management is vital for any company that relies on logistics management and the supply chain. The practice protects supply chain operations, boosts productivity and reduces costs.

Operations management is critical in companies that have complex supply chains because it provides a framework for process-specific technology, tools and activities to support a steady flow of materials and finished goods and gives managers the means to efficiently direct resources toward reaching goals. Operations managers rely on strong logistics management and supply chain management .

A mature operations management practice helps create processes and systems to manage and measure supply chain activities. For example, when customers cancel orders or return goods to the warehouse, the operations management team is responsible for having procedures in place to reduce administrative overhead, adjust production levels and/or maximize the resale value of the items.

Effective operations management touches all aspects of essential work, including supply chain, and ensures the company is meeting key performance indicators (KPIs) . Managers use operations management KPIs to make informed decisions and coordinate efforts across the supply chain and organization as a whole.

What Are the Main Functions of Operations Management?

The main functions of operations management are developing effective processes, ensuring production is efficient and determining the most cost-effective way to achieve goals. Operations managers help organize resources using sound HR concepts, the right technology and up-to-date best practices.

Functions often are cross-departmental and include:

• Process analysis
• Financial oversight
• Risk management
• Data privacy and security
• Quality assurance
• Preparing and disseminating reports
• Scheduling staff
• Providing technical support
• Managing equipment and supplies
• Controlling inventory
• Overseeing external vendors

Operations Management Process

The operations management process is about making a company’s daily actions as sharp and effective as possible. The process involves smart use of resources and data to reach goals while keeping costs down.

Operations management also refers to the processes, tools and resources necessary to support an organization’s full workflow. It requires communication with clients, stakeholders and business units.

Three categories of operations management processes, based on desired business outcome, include:

Implementation:

Designing and engineering infrastructure and systems so your business operations function efficiently.

Optimization:

Ensuring that your staff and infrastructure serve the business’s goals as effectively and efficiently as possible.

Improvement:

Introducing operational methods that previously did not apply — for example, remote work — and maximizing the efficiency and effectiveness of existing processes.

The ideal operations management process for a given company varies by industry, company size and other factors. Generally, it captures the process of managing the daily flow of tasks and information to ensure consistent and effective performance across projects. This process can include variables such as finance, human resources, information technology, facilities management, inventory management and more.

Role of Operations Management

The role of operations management boils down to driving optimal results while reducing costs. An effective operations manager allocates a company’s resources to achieve goals and meet standards.

Most companies have an operations department for this reason, although the specific role may vary from company to company and industry to industry. The responsibilities of an operations manager include the overall direction of company operations, financial planning and resource allocation for specific projects and service offerings.

In general, ops managers direct their companies’ day-to-day business activities. They ensure that the workforce conducts daily operations following company policies and standards and relevant laws and regulations. Their key responsibilities include overseeing daily business activities, studying processes and preparing operational and financial reports.

In addition, these managers measure the impact of business operations by collecting, processing and communicating operational KPIs .

Effective operations management requires a holistic view of the business, including resource allocation, documentation review, quality control, coordination of efforts, sharing information across departments and initiating appropriate actions when needed. Typically, operations managers have a cross-departmental view, carry out duties assigned by leaders, ensure the efficient use of resources and help plan and prepare to achieve future goals. Day-to-day operational management tasks include record-keeping and operational reporting .

Depending on company size and scope, ops managers may take on business development or marketing roles. For example, ops management teams may include financial analysts, sales leaders, software developers and IT support. The practice typically includes cross-functional coordination among department heads and units.

Operations Management Example

To understand operations management, consider these examples. The first is a manager who oversees a company’s production, workflow, inventory, equipment and people. Another one in is a manager overseeing a service, such as IT.

The field has evolved to include service-related tasks involved in making efficient, value-driven operational decisions. For example, IT operations management includes maintaining the hardware and software to enable IT strategy, planning, decision-making, research and technical support.

Operations workflows in IT ops management include the techniques that support the organization’s efficient and safe use of technology resources and deal with the design, implementation, administration, monitoring and performance of security measures in information systems. Those tasks protect the integrity, confidentiality and availability of data. This role requires a comprehensive knowledge of IT security policies and operational awareness combined with proactive thinking and problem-solving skills.

Best Practices for Operations Management

Operations management best practices start with modern methods that allow employees to do their jobs efficiently and deliver a desirable product or service to customers. However, best practices may vary by company and need to evolve in tandem with changing priorities.

While there is no single path to efficient operations, organizations and individuals have found effective ways to improve modern operations management. These include:

Use technology to gain efficiency.

As workforce automation eliminates more and more routine business processes, modern operations managers optimize operational capabilities using data-led design and engineering.

Turn to data for decision-making.

Modern ops management strategies focus on making sound business decisions based on data-driven analysis rather than relying solely on past results, employee and customer behavior and personal biases.

Use operations management for business processes.

Use operations management methods for business process redesign (BPR) and business process automation (BPA) projects.

BPR for ops management refers to overhauling your critical business processes using information and data gleaned from operations management performance metrics. BPR can improve return on investment, reduce operational costs, increase production capacity and enhance service capabilities.

BPA for ops management refers to using technology to assist with or replace manual tasks and processes. BPA can increase efficiency, save time and money, reduce errors and increase transparency. Automating ops management is most effective when replacing tasks that involve inefficient use of time and resources.

Challenges in Operations Management

Operation management challenges include decision-making, resource allocation and time management; the goal is to ensure objectives are met on time and within budget.

Common operation management challenges include:

Business dynamics:

Operations managers juggle multiple business functions and make decisions that touch other departments in areas such as product development, customer support and finance.

Global ops:

Global supply chains challenge operations management to stay current with global market trends and find operational efficiencies across international operating environments.

Advanced technology:

Advances in technology continue to increase the technical complexity of this discipline. Today, ops managers require significant technical proficiency and information management expertise.

Time management:

Operations management problems arise from many places, but the most frequent challenge is inefficient time allocation caused by factors such as labor shortages.

Sustainability:

Evolving regulations and resource shortages challenge operations managers to find sustainable business practice efficiencies that account for future operating environments.

Operations management is partly responsible for shaping the organizational policies and practices essential for safe, efficient and secure departmental functions. It involves planning, controlling, supervising and controlling the work of assigned employees necessary to accomplish set goals and objectives.

An operations manager has two primary purposes: Manage operational resources and meet the organization’s goals and objectives. Understanding common operations issues allow ops managers to prevent or eliminate operational inefficiencies that affect an organization's ability to perform its core functions efficiently.

Human Behavior and Operations Management

The field of behavioral operations management examines the decision-making role. This is key because human beings don’t always base their decisions on logic and factual information.

Many organizations are undergoing a transformation — from being purpose-built for one market to being massively complex with dozens of functions. As a result, operations management techniques must become more agile and cross-functional. Unfortunately, small to midsize businesses may lack cross-functional leadership and accountability in operations management. When leadership is lacking, inefficiencies and behavioral issues can grow and spread throughout an organization.

Research in this field from the Journal of Operations Management focuses on understanding human behavior to improve operations management and realize its benefits. For example, risk aversion is a behavioral issue that research shows can hinder ops management. This issue manifests in many forms and can also harm performance.

An Example of How Technology Fuels Operations Management

The family-owned, online furniture company casalife needed an integrated business solution to become more efficient to stay competitive with larger online retailers. The small retailer couldn’t afford the high up-front IT investment and maintenance costs associated with typical on-premises solutions.

With NetSuite’s SuiteCommerce solution, casalife was able to meet the demands of its ecommerce operations and become more agile and able to take on growth opportunities. The result was an estimated savings of $120,000 a year in personnel and other costs using NetSuite for purchasing, operations management and CRM compared to the competing solution.

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Gain a more cohesive picture of your manufacturing operations and empower quicker response times to ensure optimal production. The system’s built-in business intelligence toolkit helps you create more informed strategic decisions through real-time analysis of supply chain data that drives system improvement. Empower your ops managers, put ops data into action, and get products to market faster and more efficiently with unified global manufacturing management (opens in new tab) in the cloud.

Operations Management FAQs

What does operations management do?

Operations management oversees daily business activities to ensure efficiency and profitability. It focuses on optimizing production, improving processes, and managing supply chains.

What is the role of operations manager?

An operations manager directs daily business activities, allocates resources, ensures compliance with policies, and strives to achieve organizational goals efficiently.

Operational Reporting: Types, Examples and Best Practices

Learn how leaders use operational reports to gather, process, and share data to make fast daily decisions. Plus, examples and best practices.…

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What Is Operations Management?

Understanding operations management.

• Operations and Supply Chain Management

What Operations Managers Do

The bottom line.

• Business Essentials

Operations Management: Understanding and Using It

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Operations management (OM) is the administration of business practices to create the highest level of efficiency possible within an organization. It is concerned with converting materials and labor into goods and services as efficiently as possible to maximize the profit of an organization.

Operations management teams attempt to balance costs with revenue to achieve the highest net operating profit possible.

Key Takeaways

• Operations management (OM) is the administration of business practices to create the highest level of efficiency possible within an organization.
• Operations management is concerned with converting materials and labor into goods and services as efficiently as possible.
• Corporate operations management professionals try to balance costs with revenue to maximize net operating profit.

Katie Kerpel / Investopedia

Operations management involves utilizing resources from staff, materials, equipment, and technology. Operations managers acquire, develop, and deliver goods to clients based on client needs and the company’s abilities.

Operations management handles various strategic issues, including determining the size of manufacturing plants and project management methods and implementing the structure of information technology networks. Other operational issues include the management of inventory levels, including work-in-process levels and raw materials acquisition, quality control , materials handling, and maintenance policies.

Operations management entails studying the use of raw materials and ensuring that minimal waste occurs. Operations managers use numerous formulas, such as the economic order quantity formula, to determine when and how large an inventory order to process and how much inventory to hold on hand.

The combination of understanding and coordinating the work of a company is central to becoming a successful operations manager.

Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM)

A critical function of operations management relates to the management of inventory through the supply chain . This process is known as operations and supply chain management (OSCM).

To be an effective operations management professional, one must be able to understand the processes that are essential to what a company does and get them to flow and work together seamlessly. The coordination involved in setting up business processes in an efficient way requires a solid understanding of logistics .

An operations management professional understands local and global trends, customer demand, and available resources for production. Operations management approaches the acquisition of materials and the use of labor in a timely, cost-effective manner to deliver customer expectations. Inventory levels are monitored to ensure that excessive quantities are on hand. Operations management is responsible for finding vendors that supply the appropriate goods at reasonable prices and have the ability to deliver the product when needed.

Another large facet of operations management involves the delivery of goods to customers. This includes ensuring that products are delivered within the agreed time commitment. Operations management also typically follows up with customers to ensure that the products meet quality and functionality needs. Finally, operations management takes the feedback received and distributes the relevant information to each department to use in process improvement.

Operations managers are involved in coordinating and developing new processes while reevaluating current structures. Organization and productivity are two key drivers of being an operations manager, and the work often requires versatility and innovation. As part of their daily responsibilities, operations managers must possess a variety of skill sets, including:

• Technical expertise in areas such as production automation, data entry, budget tracking, and design.
• Organizational ability and attention to detail, including keeping track of project files, employee reports, budgets, schedules, and other details related to company processes.
• Motivational prowess in the form of strong leadership skills that provide the expertise to motivate others, inspire ideas, and foster a supportive and diverse team.
• Analytical aptitude , including skill in risk analysis and mitigation when initiating new projects. Operations managers must also analyze processes to identify challenges and offer solutions if negative situations develop.
• Decision-making proficiency , especially under stress, when there is very little time to assess all factors.
• Ability to maintain quality standards , including as they relate to raw materials, machinery, manufacturing procedures, packaging, delivery processes, and the finished product.

A master of business administration (MBA) degree in operations management can provide global perspective on industry trends and an awareness of financial regulations and political uncertainties that can affect an organization. It also provides a solid grasp of the inherent complexities and the tools needed to respond well to change.

What Is the Purpose of Operations Management?

Operations management (OM) is concerned with controlling the production process and business operations in the most efficient manner possible. OM professionals attempt to balance operating costs with revenue to maximize net operating profit.

What Are Some Systems of Operations Management?

Modern operations management revolves around four theories:

• Business process redesign (BPR) , which is focused on analyzing and designing  workflow  and business processes within a company. The goal of BPR is to help companies dramatically restructure the organization by designing the business process from the ground up.
• Reconfigurable manufacturing systems , designed to incorporate accelerated change in structure, hardware, and software components. This allows systems to adjust rapidly to the capacity to which they can continue production and how efficiently they function in response to market or intrinsic system changes.
• Six Sigma , an approach that focuses on quality. The word “six” references the control limits, which are placed at six  standard deviations  from the normal distribution mean. Tools used within the Six Sigma process include trending charts, potential defect calculations, and other ratios.
• Lean manufacturing , which is the systematic elimination of waste within the manufacturing process. This theory sees resource use for any reason other than value creation for customers as wasteful and seeks to eliminate wasteful resource expenditures as much as possible.

What Is an Example of Operations Management?

Operations management is prevalent in the healthcare sector . The current healthcare system overuses expensive, technological, and emergency-based treatment. High costs from care often remain uncompensated due to uninsured patients. A prevalence of services in expensive settings creates a burden on taxpayers, health insurance holders, and healthcare institutions.

In simple terms, operations management (OM) is the process of prioritizing and employing business practices designed to achieve maximum efficiency as a means to achieve maximum profitability. Within the process, operations managers utilize organization and productivity to achieve their primary goals.

Balancing the efficient use of resources, including staff, materials, equipment, and technology, is key to a successful OM process and, by extension, the success of the company.

University at Buffalo, School of Management. “ Operations and Supply Chain Management .”

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Operations Management: Key Functions, Roles and Skills

Whether you’re a big or small business and no matter what product you manufacture or service you provide, you’re always looking to deliver the highest quality and greatest value for your customers. One way to achieve these goals is through operations management.

Learn what operations management is and its key functions. We’ll also discuss the various roles and skills required to succeed in this growing field. Operations management can be applied to any industry and will help you better run every aspect of your business.

What Is Operations Management?

Operations management (OM) is the process of administration of business operations and/or production management in order to achieve specific goals such as increased productivity and higher profitability. This is done by creating the most efficiency possible in various business operations, such as turning labor and materials into goods and services.

To provide such efficiencies, operations management should focus on balancing the company’s costs with its revenue as this results in the highest net operating profit possible. Company resources, such as staffing, materials, equipment and technology, are all part of the optimization process of operations management.

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The needs of the company’s clients and customers drive operations managers to acquire, develop and deliver those goods and services. Other strategic issues at the heart of operations management include the size of manufacturing plants, information technology networks and operational project management methods, such as work-in-progress levels, raw materials acquisition, quality control, materials handling and maintenance policies.

Supply chain management as it relates to operations management is critical in controlling inventory and materials. To avoid waste, operations managers must understand company processes and make them flow together better. That involves logistics, understanding global trends, customer demand and resources. Therefore, operations managers must build relationships with vendors who can deliver timely, cost-effective materials to deliver goods to customers faster.

Managing those resources to boost efficiency and reduce waste requires project management software. ProjectManager is award-winning project management software that helps you manage your resources in real time. Manage your human resources and add their availability, including PTO and global holidays, to make it easy to assign work. Then get a real-time view of their productivity on our color-coded workload chart. If your team is over-allocated, simply re-allocate work from the chart. Balancing workload increases productivity and improves morale, which also increases productivity. Get started with ProjectManager today for free.

10 Key Functions of Operations Management

Operations management is more than just resource management , though that’s part of the larger picture. For a company to better its operations, they have to focus on each of the many departments and how they function. An operations manager has to look at the various departments in the company to ensure they’re working efficiently. When all parts work together, the company thrives. In general, you can divide operations management into 10 key functions.

1. Finance & Accounting

Accounting is all the financial transactions within a company. There needs to be policies and procedures for things like expenses, data management and making financial reports. The latter is one of the most important aspects of finance and accounting as it provides the data that shows where there’s waste that can be removed and other ways to boost efficiencies to run the business more effectively without spending more.

2. Supply Chain Management

Supply chain management is the process of controlling goods and services as they move from raw materials to finished and delivered goods. The purpose is to streamline the channel to increase value for customers and for the producing business to make a profit and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Operations managers want to manage this process to fulfill their obligation to the company.

3. Production Management

Production is turning resources into goods and services. Therefore, production management is about controlling the activities that are involved in making those products. This involves planning, coordinating, monitoring, administrating and judging the quality of the inputs and output of the production process. The operations manager is accountable for all the industrial operations, such as the quality, expense and quantity of the production.

4. Inventory Management

Another aspect of operations management is inventory. Operations managers have to identify which and how much stock they need to order for a product and when they need it. This involves being able to track inventory from the point of purchase and through the manufacturing cycle . An operations manager keeps track of trends in the business to ensure the company has enough stock to fulfill its orders, but not too much that it takes up valuable warehouse space. There also must be a way to alert operations when stocks are low and need to be reordered.

5. Quality Management

Ensuring the quality of the product or service being produced in the company is also under the purview of quality management . Quality management is about reviewing the tasks and activities of production to make sure they’re meeting the quality expectations that have been set. Therefore, operations managers come up with a quality policy and the creation and implementation of quality planning and assurance. They’re also responsible for quality control and quality improvements.

6. Business Forecasting

Operations managers are part of the planning of goods and services production by providing predictive analytics that helps businesses save resources and reduce expenses. To do this they use business forecasting , which is making informed guesses based on certain business metrics. These include sales growth and predictions for the economy. The more accurate these business forecasts, the better adjustments a business can make to optimize its strategies and change its current operations to take advantage of what’s to come.

7. Strategic Planning

In fact, strategic planning is a big part of operations management. That’s because strategic planning is how an organization’s leaders figure out what their vision for the future will be. They use that vision to define the company’s goals and objectives. These goals and objectives will be a lodestar that the company and its employees will follow through planning that comes out of the strategy.

8. Business Process Management

Business processes often called operational processes, are activities that are critical to a company adding value and staying competitive in the market. These linked tasks end with a service or product so they’re connected to almost everything an operations manager is responsible for overseeing.

Related: 5 Kaizen Principles That Underpin the Methodology

One of the main objectives of business process management is to achieve continuous improvement , which consists in improving the the efficiency of all the business processes that an organization executes to operate and generate profit by making gradual changes over time.

9. Product Design

Product design is a very important part of operations management as operations managers are all about achieving high consumer satisfaction. The design is crucial to attracting the customer from the myriad choices they’re exposed to. Your product must have something that gives it a competitive advantage.

10. Human Resource Management

Human resources are the recruiting, hiring, deploying and managing of a company’s employees to allow an organization to have sufficient capacity to meet customer demand. While historically, human resources and operations management have been separate, there’s an administrative overlap, such as payroll and other admin issues. Operations explain and moderate the effects of human resources activities. Beyond pay, there’s training, communication and staffing.

Operations Plan Template

This operational planning template helps you document key aspects of your business operations, such as the resources, budget and workflows that are needed to run your organization.

Key Operations Management Roles

Operations management includes managing logistical processes and the overall supply chain, overseeing production and ensuring quality , making and building vendor relationships as well as ordering, warehousing and managing materials. Therefore, there are often different operations management roles. We’ve highlighted some below.

Operations Manager

Generally speaking, an operations manager is responsible for all activities related to the production of whatever goods or services a company produces. This is a more high-level position that deals with formulating operational strategy , improving performance, procuring materials and other resources and securing compliance.

Purchasing Manager

A purchasing manager is the head of a team that works to procure materials necessary for the production of a service or product that the company produces. Their job is to get the best quality materials for the lowest prices. They also evaluate suppliers, negotiate contracts and review product quality .

Production Manager

A production manager oversees the production process, coordinates all related activities and ensures that there are enough resources on hand when they’re needed. Some responsibilities that fall under this operations management position include planning workers’ schedules, estimating costs and preparing budgets to make sure that the workflow meets required deadlines.

Human resource (HR) managers plan, coordinate and direct the administrative functions of a company. This includes the hiring processes and onboarding of new employees. They also act as a liaison between the company’s management and its employees. They will advise executives in strategic planning as it relates to staffing.

Operations Management Skills

Operations management is a key part of running any successful business. Because of the wide array of responsibilities that rest on the shoulders of an operations manager, they require a wide array of skills. These skills must support the company’s strategies and enhance efficiency, which means operations managers need both hard and soft skills. They must have the technical know-how and can work well in a team setting. The following are some of the skills required for strong operations management.

• Being able to recognize and address customer requirements
• Managing every member of the team
• Working according to a set of standards
• Understanding automation, data input and software
• Expertise in data processing
• Knowing how to develop new products
• Applying risk assessment
• Planning strategy
• Administering the operating budget
• Making quick decisions
• Solving problems
• Strong communication
• Being well-organized
• Managing time
• Excelling at teamwork and collaboration
• Being a leader
• Flexibility
• Thinking critically
• Monitoring performance

Related: Operating Budget Template

ProjectManager Helps With Operations Management

For a job as all-encompassing as operations management, you need software that has a breadth of features that can touch on all these disparate disciplines. ProjectManager is award-winning software that helps operations managers plan, manage and track their work in real time. They can share files, comment and catch issues and resolve them quickly. There are automation and recurring tasks to streamline processes and reduce waste while increasing productivity.

Plan on Robust Gantt Charts

Before you can automate workflows, you have to have a plan. Our Gantt charts make it easy to organize your tasks, link all four types of task dependencies and then set a baseline to capture that plan and compare it to your actual progress. You can see where you are in real time and if you’re falling behind reallocate resources to get back on schedule. Operations managers can also track resources and costs to keep to their budget.

Track Progress and Performance on Real-Time Dashboards

Planning is only part of operations management. Operational plans must be monitored. Once you set a baseline in the Gantt chart, you can track your progress and performance across all project views. But to get a high-level view of project metrics, you’ll want to toggle over to the live dashboard. There’s no time-consuming configuration as with other lightweight software solutions. We’re ready when you are with easy-to-read graphs and charts that give you real-time data on workload, time, costs and more.

If you want more detail than a dashboard can provide, it’s easy to generate one of several reports with only a keystroke. Each report, whether the status report, portfolio report, variance or more, can be filtered to show only the information you want to see. It’s also easy to share reports with executives to keep them updated.

ProjectManager is cloud-based project management software that empowers operations managers. Use task management, risk management and resource management features to stay organized, analyze data, locate problems and keep everything running smoothly. Get started with ProjectManager today for free.

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Course info.

• Prof. Charles H. Fine

Departments

• Sloan School of Management

As Taught In

• Operations Management
• Supply Chain Management

Learning Resource Types

Assignments, written assignments.

In preparing the three written case analyses, please adhere to the following guidelines:

• Work individually or in groups of two or three students. No groups of four will be permitted. We discourage individual work on the written assignments as we have found that groups develop significantly better solutions.
• Hand in one copy of the case write-up for each group.
• Written assignments are to be turned in the classroom on the day they are due.
• Please keep a copy of your write-up for your own use during class discussion.
• Written assignments must be less than 1500 words in length, accompanied by up to 6 supporting exhibits. This is a firm constraint.
• Exhibits should contain specific types of analysis, such as financial analysis, break-even charts, cost analysis, process-flow analysis, etc. Exhibits should contain any relevant supporting information that is too detailed for the body of the paper. Exhibits must not be simply an extension of the text. We will not distribute written solutions to the write-ups, but rather will rely on the class session associated with the case to bring out the most important issues.

The case write-ups are graded using the following criteria (a version of these criteria will accompany your graded assignments):

• Does the paper contain analysis of the major issues?
• Does the analysis incorporate properly the relevant tools?
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7 functions of operations management (plus the skills you need to master them)

Companies have operations departments to keep everyday functions on track. The operations department focuses on maintaining the efficiency of the production process and helps teams make smart decisions. In this piece, you’ll learn the seven functions of operations management. These functions outline the essential duties of the operations team.

Operations management keeps processes running smoothly within organizations. Think of your company as an airport. Each team is an airplane taking off in different directions with their projects and ideas. As an operations manager, you’re the air traffic controller keeping everyone and everything on track. 

Operational planning

Product design

Quality control

Forecasting

Supply chain management

Operations is involved in almost every aspect of an organization. For example, if a project manager wants to hire a new team member, the operations team will first perform a cost-benefit analysis . When the production team wants to create a new product, the operations team starts by assessing customer demand. 

You may spend more time managing some functions than others. For example, if your company doesn't provide a physical product, you likely won't focus much on supply chain management. But understanding every operational function is the best way to prepare to work in any industry. 

1. Operational planning

Operational planning is the foundational function of operations management. Your duties within this function may include:

Monitoring daily production of goods

Managing and controlling your inventory

Keeping tabs on team member performance and well being

Production planning

The role of operations management is to uphold operational efficiency . Always be on the lookout for new advancements to remove bottlenecks and improve your operations strategy.

Skill needed: Resourcefulness

When you’re resourceful, you’ll have an easier time maintaining business processes. As an operations manager, you’ll have to manage your team and keep the company’s wellbeing front of mind. To handle these changes, you need to be fast on your feet. In situations when you don’t have the tools you need at your disposal, it’s critical to think quickly and use what you have to come up with solutions. 

Finance is an essential—and universal—function of operations management because every company strives to reduce costs and increase profits. As an operations manager, you’ll ensure company leaders keep the budget in consideration when they make important decisions. Some of your tasks may include:

Creating budgets to meet production goals

Finding investment opportunities

Allocating budgets and managing resources

You may wonder how the financial duties of the operations team differ from those of the finance department. The finance department will handle everything from revenue to salaries. Meanwhile, you should limit your financial participation to things relevant to the production process.

Skill needed: Financial planning

Financial planning happens when you determine if your business has the budget to achieve strategic objectives and goals. To push your company leaders toward financial success, you’ll need to plan ahead.

Keep production costs low by finding high-quality vendors with low prices. You want to create a top-notch product that stays within your customer’s budget.

3. Product design

Product designers may be the creatives of the team, but the operations team is the eyes and ears that gathers information from the market. Once you identify customer needs and marketing trends , you'll relay what you've learned back to the designers so they can make a strong product. 

Specific tasks your team may handle in this function include:

Consolidating market research into digestible results

Communicating results to a product design team

Offering design direction to help designers devise a product

Without the operations team, the product design team would have trouble knowing what to create. The market is always changing, and creating a successful finished product requires extensive research.

Skill needed: Data interpretation

The ability to interpret data is a key skill for this function of operations management. As the operations manager, you must turn data into understandable directions. Your goal should be to clearly communicate how you want your product to match or exceed other products on the market. 

Once you have a plan in place, streamline communication across teams by using one platform or tool. Create a central project plan to track action items, information, and feedback. Then, share it in a project management tool so everyone can access it and view changes in real time.

4. Quality control

Quality control goes hand in hand with product design. After the production team creates a product, the operations team will ensure it meets quality standards. You’ll need to test the product to guarantee there are no defects before releasing it to the public. Your tasks for quality control may include:

Performing risk analysis to identify potential problems

Inspecting products to make sure they meet quality standards

Creating tests to control your product quality

Documenting any defects or deficiencies of products

The level and standards of quality control vary by industry—one of the first things your team should do during the quality control process is to perform market research to determine what quality standards should be in your industry. Once you’ve outlined a set of quality standards, use them as a benchmark for quality management moving forward.

Skill needed: Conflict management

Not every product will be top quality after one round through the production process. It may take many rounds of design and a few trips back to the drawing board to create a quality product up to standards. 

This type of feedback will ultimately make your product the best version of itself, but it can be hard to hear in the moment. In order to excel at this function of operation management, build strong conflict management strategies . That way, you can weather these times of uncertainty and create products that wow customers.

5. Forecasting

Forecasting isn't just a term for the weather—operations teams also use forecasting to predict the demand for a product. Your team can master forecasting by trying to answer hypothetical questions like:

What will the demand for this product be in the future?

What marketing and promotions should we plan for this product?

What sales initiatives should we plan for this product?

Can we estimate the storage costs we’ll need for inventory?

Can we determine the cost of sourcing and raw materials?

Skill needed: Data driven decision making

Data driven decision making will serve you well in many functions of operations management. The only way to make accurate predictions is to base your predictions on facts. Start by forecasting product demand by analyzing past trends. Then, communicate forecast results to department leaders so they can adjust future plans accordingly.

6. Strategy

Strategy is a broad function of operations management that can involve operational planning , monitoring, and analysis. The goal of strategic management is to make sure production decisions align with business goals. Your company’s business objectives may include: 

Prioritizing customer satisfaction

Improving the production system 

Controlling costs while maintaining a competitive edge

Your job as operations manager is to find ways to meet the business objectives of your company. Some strategies you could use for the examples above include:

Analyzing your inventory: To prioritize customer satisfaction, start by analyzing your inventory. This can increase customer satisfaction by ensuring you’re always able to meet customer demand. 

Collaborating among teams: More collaboration among teams will improve the production system because communication will increase, resulting in less room for error.

Prioritizing green processes: Switching to more environmentally friendly processes can save money in the long run and keep customers invested in your brand.

Skill needed: Critical thinking

Critical thinking is important for the strategic function of operations management because it’s how you create thoughtful ideas and tie them back to fundamental points. When you logically think through concepts, you’re able to develop strong strategies. You can use research and data to support your ideas and then use what you’ve learned to make well-supported decisions for your team. 

7. Supply chain management

If your company produces products or services, your company will need supply chain management for sourcing, producing, and shipping. You may have a separate department for the supply chain, but supply chain issues related to internal production will be yours to handle. The supply chain should flow in a cyclical fashion as follows:

Raw materials

Production/manufacturer

Distributer

The supply chain is cyclical because once you analyze consumer demand, you'll source more raw materials and go down the chain again. 

You don’t necessarily have to follow each of these steps. For example, if you work at a small company, you may send products or services directly to consumers. This cuts out distribution and retail costs, but you’ll still need to keep the supply chain intact. If there’s a bottleneck in one stage of the supply chain, it can wreak havoc on every other stage.

Skill needed: Problem-solving

As an operations manager, you'll need to organize, plan, and delegate . But to take your skills a step further, you must be a good problem-solver as well. There are many problem-solving strategies you can study and keep in your toolbox—and your team members will appreciate your quick solutions when things get tough. 

The importance of operations management

The functions of operations management are critical for every business—whether you’re in the manufacturing or tech industry. While tech companies may find finance and strategy more important and manufacturing companies may focus more on the supply chain, these seven functions draw a full picture of how to run any internal team.

Companies make many decisions through the production process, and the operations team often serves as a voice of reason between departments. Without operations management, departments may have trouble aligning decisions with company goals, avoiding conflict, and keeping operations running smoothly. In particular, operations management:

Motivates team members: The operations team motivates team members by keeping the workplace organized and improving workplace conditions. Team members are more excited to work when they have a functioning work environment.

Utilizes resources: Another part of your job as operations manager is to build a budget that uses the company's resources wisely. Try to reduce costs whenever possible, stretch resources to fit project needs, and keep resources from going to waste.

Enhances collaboration: You can enhance team collaboration within your organization by improving decision making. When you make good decisions, you establish trust among teams, which results in the delivery of top-quality products to customers. 

Helps achieve objectives: You'll help achieve business objectives by serving as a checkpoint for big decisions. When department leaders consider changes or initiatives, you’ll assess whether their ideas align with company goals.

Improves productivity: Increase productivity by making the product’s delivery process more efficient. Team members in your organization may complete their work faster when you make improvements to production.

Understanding the operations team in relation to other departments

An operations department can take on different roles depending on company size and the product. If you’re a small company, the human resources team may share some duties with the operations team, like financial planning. But larger manufacturing companies often have clear lines between operations and human relations. In this setting, you’ll likely work hand-in-hand with a supply chain management team.

You may wonder why supply chain management is one of the main functions of operations management if it’s also a separate department. Even though these two processes are typically closely tied together, the teams focus on slightly different priorities.  Traditionally, operations management involves the internal part of production, while supply chain management involves the external part. 

How Asana uses work management for project intake

Learn how Asana's PMO leaders streamline intake and prioritize the right work for the business.

Guide teams toward efficiency with Asana

The goal of operations management is to make your decisions smarter and your production leaner. Whether you’re keeping daily projects on track, monitoring product quality, or developing business strategies, Asana can give you the high-level perspective you need to do it all. 

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The aim of this course has been to give you an introductory overview of operations management. Operations is one of the central functions of all organisations The first learning outcome was that you should be able to ‘ define “operations” and “operations management” ’. I took the view in this session that operations embraces all the activities required to create and deliver an organisation's goods or services to its customers or clients.

The second outcome was that you should be able to ‘ identify the roles and responsibilities of operations managers in different organisational contexts ’.

The third outcome was that you should be able to ‘ identify the operations management aspects of your own work ’. Some managers have a specific and central role in the management of operations such as a production manager in a factory or an operations manager in a hotel chain. However, as you may have discovered from Activity 3, most managers have at least some operations management aspect to their job.

The fourth outcome was that you should be able to ‘ apply the “transformation model” to identify the inputs, transformation processes and outputs of an organisation ’. The transformation model is a tool for analysing any type of organisation in terms of the inputs, transformation process and outputs involved in the operations function. Section 2 of this session described the transformation model and Activity 4 gave you the chance to apply it to a number of very different organisations.

The fifth outcome was that you should be able to ‘ identify the operational and administrative processes in your own organisation ’. David Garvin's article discussed the way in which a process perspective can enable managers to gain greater insight into the management of organisational performance. As you read the extract I hope you took notes on how this could be applied in your own organisation.

The final objective was that you should be able to ‘ describe the boundaries of an operations system and recognise its interfaces with other functional areas within the organisation and with its external environment ’. In Section 3 , I extended the transformation model to include suppliers, customers and the external environment. I also drew an important distinction between the closed system mentality that keeps the operations function separated from suppliers and clients, and the open systems mentality where communication with customers and suppliers is encouraged.

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ASSIGNMENT FOR OPERATION MANAGEMENT

ADDIS ABABA 1. Take a given hospital in Ethiopia and define hospital operations management as a transformation process. Consider all the inputs, processes and the outputs in the hospital operations system and explain each of them.

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Assignment on Business Management: Quick Guide

What is Business Management Assignment

College curriculums are loaded with unfamiliar subjects, and students often feel lost. The first assignments are usually the hardest to get done, and a little help would be nice. If you are a beginner facing this challenge and are asking all around 'what is business management' or how it differs from business administration, you have come to the right place. This quick guide will explain the basics of the management of business and will provide topics of business management essays.

To put it simply, business management is a process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the organizational resources to achieve the company's objectives. While business administration concentrates on the organization's day-to-day operations, business management focuses on the overall process.

Business management is vital for a successful business. A business manager's job is to make strategic decisions, allocate resources, hire the best employees, and ensure the company meets its business objectives.

A business management assignment helps students demonstrate their ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real scenarios and prepare them for future challenges. While the structure of the assignment is not foreign to experienced students, it covers a wide range of topics. It could involve operations management, financial and human resources management, organizational behavior, etc.

In the following chapters, you will find useful tips, a formal structure, and a general outline of a business management essay. Down below, there is a list of essay topics you could write a magnificent essay about. To clarify things, here is a business assignment sample essay. Our college essay writing services will provide a business essay crafted to meet the highest standards of your university.

How to Write a Business Assignment: Helpful Tips

Even though every essay structure and general outline resembles one another for each type, there are still many intricate details that you should consider when writing a business management assignment.

Let's move on to discuss constructing an impressive business paper without wasting time making mistakes. The following guide will save you the trouble of extensive research on how to polish an academic paper and help you reach the academic success you deserve.

If you don't have much free time on your hands, our exceptional custom essay writing service is also a great option. Let us know what is due, and we will deliver unforgettable reports on business management.

Choose Relevant Business Management Topics

Start by implementing a general to a specific approach. Think about the areas of your expertise and how it links with the business assignment. A topic you feel comfortable writing will help you construct a high-quality and meaningful research paper.

Writing about the topics of business you feel passionate about will make the process more engaging and enjoyable. Consider your audience, and make the topic meet their needs. This will help you write an informative and engaging paper. Be relevant. Stay up to date with trending topics of business management. Choose a topic about an important issue and provide new perspectives or even a solution. Filling in the existing gaps will help your essay stand out.

Narrowing down the scope is always a good idea. The specific topic will make your work more manageable and keep you focused. A broad topic is always difficult to cover, but narrowing it down too much can limit your research options. Thus, balance is the key!

Maintain Your Management Assignment Structure

Maintaining the structure of the assignment is crucial. Make sure to keep your ideas coherent and your essay easy to follow. Whether you are writing about international business management or organizational structure, the most important thing is simply communicating your ideas to the readers.

Start by following the course guideline. Make sure you understand every component. Usually, professors give out this kind of map to determine the structure, format, and length of the management of business assignments.

Before you start writing, create an outline. Organize your thoughts and ideas and stay on track. Use headings and subheadings to break up your assignment into sections. Start with a strong introduction and an easy-to-digest thesis statement. Follow it with comprehensive body paragraphs. Here you can provide your arguments, show other people's work, and communicate with the audience about the problems you've discovered. Use transitional sentences to connect your ideas and eventually to the bigger picture. Finally, write a powerful conclusion that ties everything up. Showcase your ability to link various arguments to one another.

Following our guidelines will bring clarity and coherence to your writing. Well-structured and easy-to-follow essays always get positive feedback from their readers.

Analyze Topics of Business, Don't Repeat

Analyzing business paper topics can get tricky, especially for beginners who have to develop their writing style. Chances are you will repeat the same argument several times to make it look more convincing. But answering the question 'what is business management' several times with different words will only make your paper look unprofessional.

It's tricky, but there are ways to avoid repeating the arguments. Do the prior research. Acquiring knowledge will expand your horizon, and you won't feel the need to repeat the same sentence couple of times. Create the general outline. Knowing the order of your essay elements will help you avoid restating the same information twice.

Besides the general outline, it's a good idea to list all the key points and prioritize them. This way, you will cover every important detail in your essay. Last but not least, consider alternative perspectives. If you incorporate opposing viewpoints, you will enrich the paper and show off your writing skill level.

Provide Rationale for Your Business Assignment

It is trivial, but for safety reasons, let's point out: an argument without supporting evidence is not valid. The same goes for the topics of business management essay. You must provide a rationale for every stage of the essay.

Being able to provide supporting evidence demonstrates strong research abilities. Writing a well-reasoned essay requires thorough research. Providing rationale and citing sources in the assignment shows that the writer has done their best. Besides looking professional, it will be easier to convince the reader about the credibility of your argument if they can see the reasoning behind it. If you can explain why you think what you think, it shows that you have considered opposing viewpoints. Critical thinking is one of the most important aspects of the writing process.

Writing essays about the management of business takes extensive research. If the deadline is too close and there is not enough time to master the art of writing, you can go to the website and check out our custom research papers writing service . Our team of professional writers is always here to help you.

Use Formal Language in Your Business Assignment

In business, academia, or any other professional setting, we use formal language. It strictly adheres to the rules of grammar, tone, and vocabulary.

Formal language helps to establish a professional tone in A management assignment which supports creating a positive impression on the reader. Using formal language also increases the clarity of the arguments. Formal language is more precise, which can help avoid ambiguity and confusion.

No matter which business management topic assignment you write, having a respectful relationship with your audience is crucial. Formal language and correctly chosen vocabulary can take you a long way. It shows respect to the reader and the topic also.

Thus, you must avoid using slang, vocabulary unsuitable for the audience, contractions, and other unprofessional language or tone forms. And if you are reading all these, you are thinking, 'why can't somebody else write an essay for me ,' visit our website, and your wish will become a reality in no time. Get top-notch essays tailored to your specific requirements.

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Business Management Topics

Mastering the art of constructing an impressive essay is only one-half of the job. First of all, you need an engaging topic. Our team has prepared a comprehensive list of business management topics to write about. From operations to business process management, explore a list of topics covering a wide range of fields, choose the one that excites you the most, and start implementing the freshly acquired knowledge.

International Business Management Topics

Our experienced writers have gathered the 20 most engaging topics about international business management. Explore the list and find the most attractive one:

• Exploring management concepts in international business
• Cross-cultural challenges in achieving Organizational goals
• The challenges of the first line managers in international organizations
• Key strategies for managing international business operations in an efficient and effective manner
• Maximizing international business success through effective human resource management strategies
• Navigating global business challenges through effective management of cultural intelligence
• Effective leadership strategies for international business management
• Cross-cultural communication as an essential part of international business management
• The link between happy employees and successful international business management
• Maximizing global business performance through effective staff managers
• Leveraging various resources for competitive advantage
• Understanding the universal phenomenon of cross-cultural communication challenges
• Foreign direct investment and risks for international businesses
• Sustainability in international business
• Challenges of corporate governance in international businesses
• The role of ethical leadership as an essential part of international business management
• Developing a high degree of cross-cultural competence
• Managing global value chains: integrating all the activities in international business management
• The importance of cultural awareness in international business management
• The role of self-confidence in international business management

Operations Management Assignment Topics

Below you will find the most relevant and moderns operations management assignment topics:

• Enhancing Organizational Performance through Effective Operations Management and Managerial Skills
• The role of organizational chart in effective operations management
• The impact of executive functions on operations management
• The role of operations management in achieving success at a shareholder meeting
• The importance of understanding human behavior in operations management
• Leveraging consumer insights based on market research
• Optimizing group dynamics in operations management
• Leadership and strategies of general managers in operations management
• Planning effectively: best practices for operations management
• Tools, techniques, and approaches for a good knowledge base in operations management
• How to manage an organization effectively: operations management strategies
• The role of operations management in organizational development
• Achieving efficiency and productivity through simple form and process
• The role of independent decision-making in operations management
• Management theories: How to plan effectively toward organizational success
• Optimizing human activities for the entire organization's success
• Streamlining operations management for a particular job: important strategies for effectiveness
• From plans decided to action implemented: the importance of effective operations management
• Provide guidance for upper management: strategies for leadership and direction
• Balancing technology and human beings for global success

Business Process Management Topics

Explore 20 more topics about business process management:

• Strategies for implementing effective business process management principles across the entire organization
• The role of human effort and organizational structure in achieving operational excellence
• How successful managers utilize basic principles for achieving operational excellence
• Interplay between management principles and executive function in driving business process
• Achieving synergy between top management and other employees for improved operational efficiency
• The crucial role of company leadership in aligning objectives and strengthening decision making
• A critical analysis of management theories: exploring the role of functional managers in achieving goals
• Optimizing the management process to achieve organizational goals
• Effective business process management consists of strategic allocation for company growth
• How to manage challenges created by leadership and top management
• Optimizing business process management through collaborative efforts between top managers and the best employees
• Crucial managerial skills: Optimizing processes through nurturing talent and celebrating human efforts
• The role of the functional manager in talent acquisition and optimizing human resource management
• Why business process management involves determining the journey, not just the destination
• Aligning employee decision-making with business objectives
• How process-centered leadership empowers organizations to manage change
• Process improvement through agile methodologies
• The evolution of process management thought
• The role of information technology in business process management
• The impact of business process management on customer satisfaction and retention

Additional Interesting Topics of Business

If you can choose from a wide range of topics, this list is for you. Impress your professor with an intriguing topic assignment:

• Measuring the ROI: Key metrics and techniques for demonstrating value to stakeholders
• Effective change management: how to implement and adapt
• Digital transformation in business management
• Strategies for handling and overcoming business crises
• Strategies for reducing environmental impact and promoting social responsibility
• Best practices and emerging trends for effective online branding
• Strategies for driving innovation and creating a culture of creativity
• Managing human resources in small business
• Strategies for managing cash flow, budgets, and investments
• The importance of market research and analysis for effective business management
• Using game mechanics to improve employee performance and engagement
• Strategies for effective time management and priorities in a busy workplace
• Strategies and tactics for successful business deals
• Emerging trends in remote work, automation, and AI
• Benefits and best practices for reducing stress and improving productivity
• Creating a workplace culture that fosters happy employees
• How understanding human behavior can inform business decision making
• Is servant leadership a new paradigm for effective business management?
• Techniques for handling uncertainty and complexity in an organization
• The role of entrepreneurial mindset and creativity in business success

Business Assignment Sample Essay

In the next section of the article, you will find a sample business management essay to help you understand how to structure and write a successful business assignment. Read through it carefully and take notes on the techniques used.

Further Academic Help

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Annie Lambert

specializes in creating authoritative content on marketing, business, and finance, with a versatile ability to handle any essay type and dissertations. With a Master’s degree in Business Administration and a passion for social issues, her writing not only educates but also inspires action. On EssayPro blog, Annie delivers detailed guides and thought-provoking discussions on pressing economic and social topics. When not writing, she’s a guest speaker at various business seminars.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

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