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How to Write a Job Application Letter (With Examples)

What Is a Job Application Letter?

Tips for writing a job application letter, how to get started.

• Writing Guidelines
• What to Include in Each Section

Simple Formatting Using a Template

Tips for writing an effective letter, sample job application letter, sending an email application, review more letter examples.

Do you need to write a letter to apply for a job? Most of the time, the answer is yes. Even when employers don’t require a job application letter , writing one will help you highlight your skills and achievements and get the hiring manager’s attention. The only time not to send one is when the job listing says not to do so. It can help, and it definitely won't hurt to include an application letter with your resume.

A job application letter, also known as a cover letter , should be sent or uploaded with your resume when applying for jobs. While your resume offers a history of your work experience and an outline of your skills and accomplishments, the job application letter you send to an employer explains why you are qualified for the position and should be selected for an interview.

Writing this letter can seem like a challenging task. However, if you take it one step at a time, you'll soon be an expert at writing application letters to send with your resume.

Melissa Ling / The Balance

Before you begin writing your job application letter, do some groundwork. Consider what information you want to include, and keep in mind that space is limited.

Remember, this letter is making a case for your candidacy for the position. But you should do more than just regurgitate your resume. Instead, highlight your most relevant skills, experiences, and abilities.

Analyze the Job Posting

To include the most convincing, relevant details in your letter, you'll need to know what the employer wants.

The biggest clues are within the job advertisement, so spend some time decoding the job listing . Next, match your qualifications with the employer's wants and needs.

Include Your Most Relevant Qualifications

Make a list of your relevant experience and skills. For instance, if the job ad calls for a strong leader, think of examples of when you've successfully led a team. Once you've jotted down some notes and have a sense of what you want to highlight in your letter, you're ready to start writing.

Writing Guidelines for Job Application Letters

Writing a job application letter is very different from a quick email to a friend or a thank-you note to a relative. Hiring managers and potential interviewers have certain expectations when it comes to the letter's presentation and appearance, from length (no more than a page) and font size to style and letter spacing . Keep these general guidelines in mind, but always stick to any explicit instructions in the job listing or application portal.

Length: A letter of application should be no more than one page long. Three to four paragraphs are typical.

Format and Page Margins: A letter of application should be single-spaced with a space between each paragraph. Use 1-inch margins and align your text to the left, which is the standard alignment for most documents.

Font: Use a traditional font such as Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri. The font size should be between 10 and 12 points.

What to Include in Each Section of the Letter

There are also set rules for the sections included in the letter, from salutation to sign-off, and how the letter is organized. Here's a quick overview of the main sections included in a job application letter:

Heading: A job application letter should begin with both your and the employer's contact information (name, address, phone number, email), followed by the date. If this is an email rather than an actual letter, include your contact information at the end of the letter, after your signature.

•   Header Examples

Salutation: This is your polite greeting. The most common salutation is "Dear Mr./Ms." followed by the person's last name. Find out more about appropriate cover letter salutations , including what to do if you don't know the person's name or are unsure of a contact's gender.

Body of the letter: Think of this section as having three distinct parts.

In the first paragraph , you'll want to mention the job you are applying for and where you saw the job listing.

The next paragraph(s) are the most important part of your letter. Remember how you gathered information about what the employer was seeking, and how you could meet their needs? This is where you'll share those relevant details on your experience and accomplishments.

The third and last part of the body of the letter will be your thank you to the employer; you can also offer follow-up information.

Complimentary Close: Sign off your email or letter with a polite close, such as "Best," or "Sincerely," followed by your name.

• Closing Examples

Signature: When you're sending or uploading a printed letter, end with your handwritten signature, followed by your typed name. If this is an email, simply include your typed name, followed by your contact information.

• Signature Examples

Overwhelmed by all these formatting and organization requirements? One way to make the process of writing a job application easier is to use a template to create your own personalized letters. Having a template can help save you time if you are sending a lot of application letters.

Be sure that each letter you send is personalized to the company and position; do not send the same letter to different companies.

• Always write one. Unless a job posting explicitly says not to send a letter of application or cover letter, you should always send one. Even if the company does not request a letter of application, it never hurts to include one. If they do ask you to send a letter, make sure to follow the directions exactly (for example, they might ask you to send the letter as an email attachment or type it directly into their online application system).
• Use business letter format. Use a formal business letter format when writing your letter. Include your contact information at the top, the date, and the employer’s contact information. Be sure to provide a salutation at the beginning and your signature at the end.
• Sell yourself. Throughout the letter, focus on how you would benefit the company. Provide specific examples of times when you demonstrated skills or abilities that would be useful for the job, especially those listed in the job posting or description. If possible, include examples of times when you added value to a company.

Numerical values offer concrete evidence of your skills and accomplishments.

• Use keywords. Reread the job listing, taking note of any keywords (such as skills or abilities that are emphasized in the listing). Try to include some of those words in your cover letter. This will help the employer see that you are a strong fit for the job.
• Keep it brief. Keep your letter under a page long, with no more than about four paragraphs. An employer is more likely to read a concise letter.
• Proofread and edit. Employers are likely to overlook an application with a lot of errors. Read through your cover letter, and if possible, ask a friend or career counselor to review the letter. Proofread for any grammar or spelling errors.

This is a job application letter sample.  Download the letter template (compatible with Google Docs or Word Online) or read the example below.

Sample Job Application Letter (Text Version)

Elizabeth Johnson 12 Jones Street Portland, Maine 04101 555-555-5555 elizabethjohnson@emailaddress.com

August 11, 2024

Mark Smith Human Resources Manager Veggies to Go 238 Main Street Portland, Maine 04101

Dear Mr. Smith,

I was so excited when my former coworker, Jay Lopez, told me about your opening for an administrative assistant in your Portland offices. A long-time Veggies to Go customer and an experienced admin, I would love to help the company achieve its mission of making healthy produce as available as takeout.

I’ve worked for small companies for my entire career, and I relish the opportunity to wear many hats and work with the team to succeed. In my latest role as an administrative assistant at Beauty Corp, I saved my employer thousands of dollars in temp workers by implementing a self-scheduling system for the customer service reps that cut down on canceled shifts. I also learned web design and timesheet coding, and I perfected my Excel skills. 

I’ve attached my resume for your consideration and hope to speak with you soon about your needs for the role.

Best Regards,

Elizabeth Johnson (signature hard copy letter)

Elizabeth Johnson

When you are sending your letter via email include the reason you are writing in the subject line of your message:

Subject Line Example

Subject: Elizabeth Johnson – Administrative Assistant Position

List your contact information in your signature, rather than in the body of the letter:

Email Signature Example

Elizabeth Johnson 555-555-5555 email@emailaddress.com

Review more examples of professionally written cover letters for a variety of circumstances, occupations, and job types.

CareerOneStop. " How Do I Write a Cover Letter? "

University of Maryland Global Campus. " Cover Letters ."

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The Informal Cover Letter and Its Benefits

Table of Contents

Cover letters are indispensable for many professional job applications and can help you sell yourself to your future employer. Writing cover letters can be tedious, reading them even more so, but it does not have to be. An informal cover letter , also known as short cover letters, help break this tedium for job applicants and recruiters.

Keep reading to learn more about informal cover letters , their benefits, and the way to write one the next time you apply!

Types of Cover Letters

There any many types of cover letters for different scenarios. The most well-known is the  application cover letter . These types of cover letters are written for specific jobs and should include specific skills and qualifications regarding them.

The second type is the  prospecting cover letter.  Generally speaking, a prospecting cover letter is best suited to inquiries about open positions at a company you are interested.

Third is the  networking cover letter.  The networking cover letter is used to ask for career advice and career opportunities.

And finally, we come to the main topic of this article, the  informal cover letter .

What is the Informal (Short) Cover Letter?

The informal cover letter is a short cover letter with the purpose of quick introduction . You include information about yourself, your skills, why you are interested in the job, and your personal connection with the company. Short cover letters are for job inquiries that don’t require a formal cover letter.

This cover letter does not have a clear-cut format. Usually, it consists of a greeting, a simple body explaining your experience and your interest in the company.

As a rule of thumb, you should also attach your CV or resume to the cover letter when you are applying.

Benefits of the Informal Cover Letter

Many people think that a good cover letter should be lenghty. In fact, a short cover letter may be as beneficial to your application as a long one. There are many reasons hiring managers prefer a more brief cover letter:

• In most cases, hiring managers can read a short cover letter in less time. This makes it more likely that yours is read over a long cover letter from another applicant.
• Cover letters with a brief outline stand out more than longer ones.
• A short cover letter that grabs a reader’s attention quickly can show your ability to convey your qualifications concisely.
• It allows its author the freedom to discuss certain personal and professional experiences.

When Not to Write a Short Cover Letter?

Although short cover letters have many advantages over the traditional ones, there are some cases where you should not use them.

If you have too many relevant skills and experiences about the work, you should not trim them down. You should be writing all of them in great detail, with as much information as possible.

If the hiring manager or the employer put down word count limits in the job posting, you should obviously respect them.

Informal Cover Letter Examples

The most important thing to remember when writing a cover letter is that you are conveying relevant information in a concise manner.

Here is an example of an informal cover letter:

Dear Mr. Sacrimoni,

My name is Paulie, and I would be thrilled to join your team as an accounting manager. I admire Satriale Markets’ reputation of customers satisfaction.

My resume outlines my skills and 5 years of experience in accounting. I am passionate about speaking to new people and helping others reach their goals.

I believe my background will benefit a team that prioritizes collaboration, and Satriale Markets is the perfect place to apply for this role.

Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to hearing from you to discuss the accounting manager position further.

Best,Paulie Gualtieri111 Oak Tree LaneSunnyvale, [email protected] | 555-123-12345

Employers might enjoy this example because it addresses the hiring manager personally. It also mentions the company in the first sentence, and it only takes half a page!

How Long Should it Be?

As a rule of thumb, write just half or two-thirds of a page. This way the hiring manager will be able to tell you right away it will be an effective and quick cover letter.

As most cover letters take up a single page, spending half or two thirds of the page shows the length difference.

Pam is an expert grammarian with years of experience teaching English, writing and ESL Grammar courses at the university level. She is enamored with all things language and fascinated with how we use words to shape our world.

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Formal vs. Informal Letters: Enhance Your Communication Skills with Practical Examples

April 3, 2023

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By Derek Cupp

Formal and informal letters , we’ve all written them, but do we truly understand the nuanced differences between the two? In this ultimate guide, I’ll demystify these two distinct forms of communication.

Starting off, it’s important to grasp that formal and informal letters serve different purposes. A job application or a business proposal? That’s where formal letters come in. A quick note to a friend or a thank you letter to grandma? You’re looking at an informal letter .

Navigating through this divide can be tricky, but fear not! We’re about to dive deep into the specifics of each type. By the end of this guide, you’ll be able to switch between formal and informal tones with ease and confidence!

Understanding Formal and Informal Letters

Let’s dive right into the basics of formal and informal letters. The differences between these two types of correspondence are essential to understand, especially for anyone who’s looking to sharpen their written communication skills.

Formal letters follow a specific structure and tone. They’re usually used in business or professional settings, where it’s crucial to maintain a level of professionalism. You’ll find formal letters being used when applying for jobs, making official requests, or communicating with organizations.

Here are some distinct features that characterize formal letters:

Structured layout : Formal letters have a set format which includes sender’s address, date, recipient’s address, salutation, body of the letter, closing phrase and signature.

Polite and respectful language : No slang or colloquial phrases here! Formal language is key.

Objective tone : It’s all about facts and logic in these kinds of letters.

Informal letters are quite different. These are typically sent to friends or family members. Here you have more freedom regarding structure and language – it can be casual and personal!

Features unique to informal letters include:

Flexible layout : This type doesn’t stick strictly to a set format.

Casual language : Slang? Colloquialisms? Go ahead!

Subjective tone : Personal feelings can be freely expressed here.

To give you an even clearer picture on how these differences play out practically in writing, check out this simple comparison table:

Understanding when to use each type of letter is as important as understanding what sets them apart. So remember; if your message requires professionalism – go formal. If it’s personal – keep it informal!

Decoding the Differences: Formal vs. Informal Letter Styles

Let’s dive right into the crux of the matter – understanding the differences in style between formal and informal letters. These differences primarily revolve around language use, structure, and tone.

When it comes to language use , formal letters usually stick to professional, sophisticated vocabulary whereas informal ones embrace everyday speech. We’re talking about words like ‘commence’ rather than ‘begin’, or ‘purchase’ instead of ‘buy’. Here’s a quick comparison:

Now, let’s talk about structure . A formal letter follows a stringent format with clear sections for the sender’s address, date, recipient’s address, salutation, body text, closing and signature. It’s all very precise! On the other hand, an informal letter is much more flexible – I could start off with an affectionate greeting and jump straight into my news without any rigid formatting.

Then there’s tone which can be quite tricky to nail down! In a formal letter you’ll find me being polite yet impersonal – no nicknames or casual lingo here! My tone in an informal letter would be entirely different – friendly and personal as if I’m having a conversation with you over coffee.

So why does this distinction matter? Well it can make or break your communication. Imagine sending a job application that reads like a chatty email to your friend – not going to make the best impression!

Remember that these are just general guidelines; what matters most is knowing your audience and tailoring your writing style accordingly. Whether it’s penning down an official complaint or scribbling sweet notes to loved ones – understanding when to keep things strictly business-like or letting loose will ensure you’re always hitting the right note!

Conclusion: The Art of Mastering Letter Writing

Mastering the art of letter writing might seem like a daunting task, but it’s not as complicated as you might think. It’s all about understanding the differences between formal and informal letters, and knowing when to use each one.

Formal letters typically have a strict structure. They’re used for official purposes like job applications or business communication. On the other hand, informal letters are more relaxed and personal. You’d use them for casual correspondence with friends or family.

Here’s a simple breakdown to help visualize these differences:

Remember, there’s no right or wrong in letter writing – just different styles for different situations. So don’t stress too much over it!

Practice makes perfect, after all. The more you write, the better you’ll get at distinguishing between formal and informal tones.

Here are some quick tips to remember:

For formal letters: Stick to a professional tone and follow a structured format.

For informal letters: Feel free to be conversational and personal.

Ultimately, mastering letter writing is about effectively expressing yourself in written form – whether that’s formally for business or informally among friends.

In my experience as an English expert, I’ve found that taking the time to understand these distinctions can drastically improve your writing skills. And who knows? You might even start enjoying it!

So here’s my challenge to you: Start incorporating what you’ve learned into your everyday life. Write that job application letter or pen down some thoughts to an old friend. Trust me; it’ll be worth it!

I hope this guide has demystified formal versus informal letters for you! Keep practicing, stay curious, and happy writing!

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How to Write a Letter: A Guide to Informal and Formal English

By: Author Sophia

Posted on Last updated: October 24, 2023

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The writing style is the manner of expressing thought in language characteristic of an individual, period, school, or nation… Learn how to write a letter in formal and informal ways.

How to Write A Letter in English

A letter is a written message sent from one person to another through a medium such as email, snail mail, or facsimile. Letter writing is an important communication skill in both personal and professional settings.

There are different types of letters, including informal letters to friends and family and formal letters used in business and academic settings. Understanding the differences between informal and formal letters and the appropriate tone, language, and format to use is essential for effective letter writing.

Informal Letter

• Write your full name and address even if it is an informal letter.
• Divide your letter into small paragraphs.
• Keep your writing simple.
• Make a good choice of words especially if you are writing an apology letter or a letter to express your condolences in case of a death.
• Most people close the letter with phrases like ‘Yours affectionately/With love/All the best/Take care’ etc.

Formal Letter

Let us understand a few ground rules while writing formal letters:

• You need to write your full name, address, and date before you begin the letter
• Address the person you are writing the letter to with the correct name and designation.
• It is always advisable to start the letter with ‘Respected Sir/Madam’ or ‘Dear Sir/Madam’ and then mention the name and the address.
• Before beginning to write the letter you must state the purpose of the letter in one line titled ‘Subject’.
• Your letter should be very crisp giving out only the information which is required.

Informal Letter Writing

Informal letters, also known as personal letters, are written to friends, family, or acquaintances. The tone of informal letters is personal and friendly, and the language used is less formal than in formal letters.

Characteristics of Informal Letters

• Personal, friendly tone
• Use of first name or nickname
• Contractions and informal vocabulary
• Less formal grammar and sentence structure
• May include personal anecdotes and emotional language

Tips for Writing Informal Letters

• Start with a friendly greeting, such as “Dear [Name],”
• Use a personal and conversational tone
• Avoid formal language and technical terms
• Use contractions, such as “can’t” instead of “cannot”
• Share personal news and feelings
• End with a friendly closing, such as “Take care,” or “Love,” followed by your signature and name.

In informal letters, it’s important to be yourself and write in a way that reflects your relationship with the recipient.

Formal Letter Writing

Formal letters are used in professional or academic settings, and they require a more formal tone and language. Formal letters typically follow a specific format and may include specific information such as addresses, dates, and reference numbers.

Characteristics of Formal Letters

• Professional, respectful tone
• Use of formal vocabulary and grammar
• Use of titles (e.g., Mr., Mrs., Dr., etc.) and surname
• Specific format, including heading, date, reference number, and clear structure
• Avoidance of contractions and colloquial language

Tips for Writing Formal Letters

• Start with a formal greeting, such as “Dear Sir/Madam,” or “To Whom it May Concern,”
• Use a professional tone and avoid emotional language
• Follow a specific format, including a heading with your address, the date, and the recipient’s address
• Use formal language, proper grammar, and proper punctuation
• Include a reference number, if applicable
• End with a formal closing, such as “Yours sincerely,” or “Sincerely,” followed by your signature and typed name.

In formal letters, it’s important to be clear, concise, and professional. Make sure to use the appropriate tone and language, and follow the format and structure to ensure your message is taken seriously.

Differences between Informal and Formal Letters

Main differences: tone, language, and structure.

The main differences between informal and formal letters lie in their tone, language, and structure.

• Tone : Informal letters have a personal and friendly tone, while formal letters have a professional and respectful tone.
• Language : Informal letters may use contractions, personal anecdotes, and colloquial language, while formal letters use formal vocabulary, proper grammar, and avoid colloquial language.
• Structure : Informal letters may have a less structured format, while formal letters typically follow a specific format, including a heading with addresses, date, and reference number, and a clear structure.

It’s important to choose the appropriate tone and format for your letter based on the purpose of your message and the recipient’s relationship with you.

The layout of informal and formal letters

The layout of informal and formal letters can also vary. Here are some of the key differences in layout between the two types of letters:

Informal Letters:

• Greeting: Start with a personal greeting, such as “Dear [Name],”
• Body: May have a less structured format, with paragraphs or bullet points
• Signature: End with a friendly closing, such as “Take care,” or “Love,” followed by your signature and name.

Formal Letters:

• Heading: Includes your address, the date, and the recipient’s address
• Greeting: Start with a formal greeting, such as “Dear Sir/Madam,” or “To Whom it May Concern,”
• Body: Follows a clear structure, including an introduction, main body, and conclusion
• Signature: End with a formal closing, such as “Yours sincerely,” or “Sincerely,” followed by your signature and typed name.

It’s important to follow the appropriate format for your letter, as it helps to ensure that your message is clear, concise, and professional.

How to Start and End a Letter

Starting and ending a letter appropriately is important, as it sets the tone for the rest of the letter and leaves a lasting impression on the recipient.

Starting a Letter

• Informal letter: Start with a personal greeting, such as “Dear [Name],”
• Formal letter: Start with a formal greeting, such as “Dear Sir/Madam,” or “To Whom it May Concern,”

Ending a Letter

• Informal letter: End with a friendly closing, such as “Take care,” or “Love,” followed by your signature and name.
• Formal letter: End with a formal closing, such as “Yours sincerely,” or “Sincerely,” followed by your signature and typed name.

In both informal and formal letters, make sure to include your signature, as it gives your letter a personal touch and provides proof of your authorship.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Writing a Letter

When writing a letter, it’s important to avoid common mistakes that can detract from the professionalism and clarity of your message. Here are some of the most common mistakes to avoid:

• Incorrect format : Make sure to follow the appropriate format for your letter, whether it’s informal or formal.
• Spelling and grammar errors : Check your letter for spelling and grammar errors, as these can make you appear unprofessional.
• Unclear message : Make sure your message is clear and concise. Avoid using overly complex language or lengthy explanations.
• Unprofessional tone : Avoid using emotional language or making personal attacks. In formal letters, make sure to use a professional tone.
• Improperly addressing the recipient : Make sure to use the correct title and surname for the recipient, and avoid using overly familiar language unless it’s appropriate for the relationship.
• Omitting important information : Make sure to include all relevant information, such as addresses, dates, and reference numbers, in your letter.
• Not proofreading : Always proofread your letter before sending it to catch any mistakes or typos.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can ensure that your letter is professional, clear, and effective in communicating your message.

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Friday 30th of June 2023

it helped me today cause my teacher brought it in the exam

Degefu Zelele

Monday 29th of May 2023

Thank you very much! For sharing us this helpful lesson to improve our skill of writing.

Sunday 16th of October 2022

Great mapping and scaffolding lesson!

Mahendra raj giri

Thursday 6th of October 2022

arooba arooj

Wednesday 27th of April 2022

very helpful to me.

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Writing Letters: formal & informal English

Test your understanding of this English lesson

378 comments.

Great lesson!!!

I Am originally from EGYPT ,and I Love Israel I hope i will be there for tourist

Thank you teacher for giving us a lesson on how to distinguised betwen informal and formal writing. I will watch the video again so, I have a grasp to undertand it better.

You are more than welcome to visit Israel. There are many beautiful places to visit.

i’m with you ;)

Awesome lesson, thanks Emma Formal: great lesson, thank you Emma

Very good tips to identify the differences between formal e informal in writting letters.

thanks a lot;)

I would like to announce that I considered this lesson very useful….)

thank u emma… really it is very helpful lesson for me :D

I have got 10/10. Thank you very much.

thanks so much Emma

Thank you very much. It is very helpful lesson for me.

Thank you, Emma! Such a helpful video. Could you please make a video to finish explaining the steps of answering writing task 1 of IELTS the academic module? I hope you make it soon. Thank you in advance.

I mean finish explaining what you started in your old video “IELTS – How to get a high score on Task 1 of the IELTS.”

Agreed. Formal writing always seems too long if compare with informal writing.. :)

Formal writing is a way of communicating in business and academia while an informal writing is a way you can use in a regular conversation in writing such as e-mail, letter to your friends, family, etc.

thank you, love you

10 out of 10. Very interesting lesson. Thank you Emma

What’s wrong with “very”? Is it so informal?

I’m also surprised… I really thought we could use “very” in both ways, formal and informal!

Very good! Thanks :)

thank Emma.

I got a 100. yeah! Thank you teacher, I guess I undartood it.

understood*

Yeah, magnífico! :) Greetings to Mexico!

Great lesson!

I want to learn English yes …

Thank you Emma

Very good lesson. Thank you so much Emma.

I got 10 correct out of 10 after a long time. BTW on this website, which way should I write the comment informally or formally? Thank you Emma :)

Thank you for such a useful resource. It’s great

Emma thamk very much indeed.Allow me to ask can you Question can I say this sentence. (You may approve it earliest convenience)

Emma, as usual many great tips. Thank You.

Hi Emma! thank you for your lessons! I’m trying to understand!

Thanks 100 %

I learned many

Hi! Maam you said! For more of these examples there will be list in resources section of engvid vebsite. I talk more about latter. where the list will be maam

Hi, There is a link in the description of this lesson. To access it, just go to the description above the video and click on the “resource page” (red letters).

Hi Maam, you said! For more of these examples there will be list in resources section of engvid website. I talk more about latter. Where the list will be maam?

Thank you so much , it was useful :)

Hi can you send this video to me?????

Thanks a lot :-)

inconvenience EMMA PLEASE EXPLAIN BETTWIN inconvenience DISTRIP

The first time i clearly understand about “formal” and “informal” writing. Thank you!!!

Thank you a lot teacher I enjoyed the lesson very much.

Now, I really know when to use the word in informal and formal. Thanks for making this video, hope to see more explanation about this topic, it is very helpful

FANTASTIC LESSON. I NEVER MISS EVEN A SINGLE LESSON OF YOUR IN FACT I WAIT FOR THEM. I CANNOT TELL THAT HOW MUCH IMPROVEMENT I GOT FROM YOUR LESSONS.I MEAN, I REALLY IMPROVED A LOT.

BUT YOU NEVER GIVE ANY COMMENTS,NEITHER YOU ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS.

I SOME TIMES ASKED QUESTION BUT YOU NEVER REPLAY.

WELL, WISH YOU A VERY-VERY GOOD DAY!

I HAVE A QUERY PLEASE DO REPLAY IF YOU READ THIS.

MY QUESTION IS:

1- WHERE DO WE USE ‘WELL’ AND WHY DO WE USE IT?

THANKING YOU!

great lesson!

Thank you,Emma

I had 100. I liked very much this lesson. In English I am very fond of formal language. I hate contractions, abrevation, idioms and of course slangs… I have great problems with phrasal verbs ! Is it a handicap if I always use formal English when I write or speak ? I am frightened that people think I am snob !

Now, I know more about formal and informal speaking and writing Thank you Emma for your excellent lesson

many tks ENGVID (informal)

Excellent, Emma! But how do you (English native speakers) know witch word has a Latin origin?

Emma,you look better with longer hair,just keep that way permanently.

7/10 thanks Emma.

Thank you very much it is a big help for me.

Nice lesson! I need your help. Actually, I’m going to sit the IELTS test (General) soon. As you know, to write a letter and an essay in a formal manners, we require much more appropriate words to cover a particular topic. It is hard to understand for me that how one can just fill his vocabulary with such words within short period of time, as many people suggest that two or three months’ time or even a little over it, is enough to be able to write anything formally. Furthermore, where can I find the list, full of words, that shows the best replacement for informal words we could possibly require? Your help will be appreciated. Thanks.

i got a 100. thank you so much emma.

I got 10/10 ! Its my first visit to this site :)

I remember that my teacher advised us to not use the word ” televesion ” in writing, because it is old and people start to not use it lately.

great lesson

thank you very much

I got 10. Thank you teacher. Great.

You got 10! You have to say sorry to Emma!Ha!

Hi there. This is very importat lesson for ESL speakers. In our mother tongues we just feel, which word or phrase sounds formal, which not. Thanks, Emma.

Thank for the nice quiz.

thank you very much, Emma. your explaination is comprehensible

Thank you so much. I enjoy it :)

Thank you Emma, very useful information for all the English learners, you’re so smart

Thank so much for your help and support

Thank you emma . I like you lison very match

Thank’s a lot Emma, I would like to ask where we can find the list for phrasal verbs on the website ?

I love this Video very much. Teacher Emma :)

I got 10 correct out of 10. Many thanks.

If I were a canadian, I would invite Emma for a cup of coffee :)

I am 31 year old I only story elementary in mexico, but I will get my GED as sun is pocible, thanks alot to all the teachers, for your help God bless all of you.

I got 90 :)

Thanks a lot, although it is(informal, but it is away of thankness

Hi! Great lesson, thanks. One question. This quiz sentence: Furthermore, we have seen the number of units sold increase dramatically. It says “number of …” not numbers, so I do not understand why not increases. Any help appreciated.

This is one of the greatest and most informative lessons I’ve watched in EngVid.com. It’ll be “strongly” useful for me :)

Thank u Emma and EngVid.

Hello Orbert,

Yes, The lesson is really great, About your question: The ” Number of units” is Plural, so we can not use “increases”. Hope it helps.

Based on my test result, I think I can fairly differentiate between informal and formal sentences ! But for sure, I have a lot to do to achieve provisional writing, Particularly so, in grammar and spelling!

HI …! It’s my first day in class, and it seems that I will improve my English here Very Soon . Thank You So Much Teacher :-)

i Got a 100%. Thanks !!!

dear Teacher,your explanation is very clear and nice so asto make me understandable the formal and informal letter-writing. sadook

Thank You. That was great lesson

thank you so much

Thank you..very good

Thanks emma that was great lesson

Don’t use exclamation and imperative.

100 YEAH :)

Great lesson, Thanks Emma, you are the beste.

Sorry, I would say “the best”.

i love emma…awfully thank

It’s a nice lesson to know the difference between formal and informal writing in an easiest way. Thank you teacher Emma. Keep up the good work!

thanks emma

hello. thank you for your teaches

Dear teacher, I’m taking up Ielts lessons. I’ve read two sentences: ” The graph depicts comparison related to the number of cars sold of five makers over the first three quarters in 2013.” and ” The graph depicts the sales figure relating to the number of cars consumed of five makers in the first three quarters in 2013″; and I don’t know why they use “related to” and “relating to” in those sentences. In addition, can I reorder the position of ” in the first three quarters in 2013″ an ” of five makers”. Thank you very much for your help! :)

Dear Emma, I just score 10 out of 10. The way you are teaching its feeling very convenient to me…

Thank you very much for supporting us with such great effort.

Ziaul karim

can you explain how to write argumantative essay?

Great…..100%

Very useful test i got 100%

Hi Emma, thanks for all the lessons. I learned a lot. you are the best teacher

Hi teacher, I am from Costa Rica, and I want to say thanks you, for all these excelent lessons

in your comment u have used Iam from costa rica, is it possible to use I from costa rica?

I totally like the Canadian accent,it’s better than the Aussie one.

You’d better hope no Australians are around :P

great lesson and great teacher thank you emma

Thank you!Very useful

thank you :)

Thanks, Emma. It is really useful

good lesson

Hello Emma thanks a lot! What about ielts speaking, may I talk informal or not? Best regards :-)

thanks ms emma

Hi Emma! Thank you for this lesson

astoniched lesson, congratulation

thank you very much!!

Thanks i got it. The defference of informal. And formal.. Ye heyy..

Emma, I have two questions: 1) I am preparing to General test. Do you think I should really worry about Formal Letters or Graphic and Maps? I have read that in General test the Writing often ask an informal or semi-formal letter. 2) According to “www.ieltshelpnow.com/general_training_writing_test_1.html” it’s recommended to start an informal letter with agreements as “Hi there! It’s been so long since I’ve heard from you…”. Isn’t too informal in your opinion? It sounds me such poor vocabulary but I am afraid that the examiner expected read some informal beginning.

thank you for lesson , interessting. could you tell me please what is the diferent between staff and employee – work and job – trip , travel and journey? and some other exemples . thank you .

y do people never remember Portuguese (it s by far more spoken than Italian) lol, anyway thx for ur lessons

very very very fantastic lesson thank you very mach my dear teacher EMMA.

Thanks a lot Emma. I didn’t know if words like RSVP, ATTN, ASAP were totally used in informal linguage as well as the ‘a lot of”, and I understood it,, so thank you again and Happy New year

Simple and short lesson, nice.

Nice lesson! Thank you EngVid team!

Wow, very good lesson! Thanks

THANK YOU GOOD EXPLANATION

Great lesson Emma. Simple tips but very powerful. It seems you are intelligent in English language. I was expecting some example letter writing at the end of the session. But it is not there. Anyhow nice information about formal and informal letters.

I have got 10/10. Thanks a lot Emma.

Emma Thank you for a great lesson. This is wonderful.

nice lesson

You are a good teacher , i liked your method of teaching it was so clear and you did explain everything well. Thank you so much!

Thank you. Good lesson

Hi Emma! Thank u for r lesson! Really useful and helpful as you brought up. Nevertheless I’m gonna have to disagree with on one point. U said that the I. Language is a language in which one people have the possibility to relax, but i don’t think so. I think the formal language in English is easier than the informal one, because to dominate and using spontaneously and naturally the i.l. it’s essential to learn about the phrasal verbs and there’re very many phrasal verbs and some ones are used to refer to a same action and i dunno which one have i to use among so many options. So I pick only one phrasal to use but i run across texts in english containing pv that i never before have seen to talk about, and when i look up 1 the meaning is the same one also applied to another action which might be also represented by another phrasal verb. Ex.: hold up and put off: they’ve got practically the same meaning: to delay. To use the formal language, it’s just necessary memorizing determined expressions and words and and so every1 can use it on. So, i think that the f. language relaxes mr than the informal 1, cause in the f. lang. there’re not phrasal verbs. But i’m gonna try to use increasingly the i. lang by studying the slangs and phrasal verbs which are really MANY..

In conclusion, Go on posting more lessons about vocabulary, i enjoy ’em… bye bye God bless ya!

It’s a very useful lesson.Thanks a lot.

Thank you Emma.

Very nice lesson. Thank you so much

very nice emma , please we need more lesson about how write form litter or mail , an give sample

Thank You, teacher Emma. :)

Hi Teacher, Can I used formal and informal English as a combine in letter?

I love you Emma! :*

Like other students of yours, I have difficulty in understanding “Phrasal verbs”. I will look for your video regarding the topic. Thanks for the good lesson!

Thanks, you are very clear, I understand your class.

thanks Emma

thank you soo much.

thanks a lot!

I got 10/10 !! Thanks Emma, you make it so much easier! :)

Hi Emma, Just wanted to let you know that this lesson was very comprehensive and really useful to me. Well, I was confusing the formal and the informal English in my speech all the time. Thanks to you, I made it clear. To sum up you are an effective teacher. Hope to have a new lesson from you soon. Dina

Excellent lesson! Thank you for the resource too. It will help me a lot!

Thank You !!!

You are good at teaching that’s why I understand very well Thanks Emma

I got the full mark thank you Emma , You’r a good teacher !

Thank you very much indeed

Wonderful lesson, I learn new things today :).. thanks Emma.

gread lesson i like it

thanks i got 90

Hi Emma, thanks a lot for your useful lesson. You’re a great teacher take care

Thank you very much. It’s been very useful for me and simple. Very easy to understand.

Thanks Emma..I got 100%

its a wonderful lesson. I got a lot

waw i get full mark ‘ i love EMMA

Thank you very much, Emma Great lesson I got 100%

good lesson and Plain Explanation, Thanks.

Hello Miss Emma I would like to thank you about the lesson the way you explain the lessons is amazing and easy to catch keep it up the good work

thanks Emma I understand perfectly this lesson I got 10/10 per cent THANKS AGAIN FOR TEACHING ME ENGLISH

Intriguing lecture, salute, Dear Emma .

it’s easy quiz)

thank you very much emma, i am very happy for the way are teaching.

Thanks emma, it is a helpful video for me for taking a celpip exam.

Thanks Emma, That is so interesting

10 out of 10))))) thnx

Hello! everyone I need help how to write a letter i am filipino. please pm me.

Thank you, Emma, all of us can learn a lot from you! So I am very grateful to you!

good ! however , i have one mistake :((

Hi Miss Emma. its call excellent teaching. Thanks a lot.

It was a perfect session to me thank you so much.

Thank you emmah.. You are good teacher.. I got 100%.

Congratulations and many thanks for this great class!

Many thanks to you It’s really great lesson.

I liked the class!! thank u teacher!! :)

Great. Thanks teacher

Thank you so much, Mrs. Emma. I got 10/10 in the quiz. wow so fantastic.

Strongly helpful to use in the office, Thank you very much

It was a great lesson I had not ever listened it. Thanks a lot Miss. Emma.

I got 100 out of 100 marks…

Thanks Emma

Many thanks, it helps alot.

What a great lesson.

Thanks Emma, Because your lessons made ​​me practice my English better and better…….

My fIrst lesson. Great!

very informative lecture..

That was a great lesson. Thank you very much indeed. Am I too formal?

Just a little! For an Internet comment “thanks a lot!” would sound better. But don’t sweat it :)

this is really yet another interesting quiz and lesson

Thnak you teacher Emma It was a strongly instructive lesson.

your lessons are strongly helpful thank you very much Emma

Thanks. It has been an interesting lesson.

Thank you Emma. I got 100.

Thank you. I got 100%.

10/10 :) Thank you

cheers emma very helpful

Thank you Professor Emma, this lesson is great

Teacher what is the important of informal or slang? I hope teacher you will make figure completely out of this.

Thank you for all your helps

Really help full thank u

Thanks for the video!

Wonderful lessons…thanks teacher. Anyone wants to practice on skype? To improve English together…

wonderful lesson thanks teacher alot

Thanks Teacher I got 100

thank you emma

Thank you very much.I enjoyed it.

Thanks for sharing your knowledge. Awesome lesson!

Thanks a lot I have learned new things from this test.

Emma .. you are great teacher !! <3 thank you so much

thnx emma ,it is good work. this video has emparted me sense of formal and informal .english

Thanks Emma. Great lesson on informal versus formal. In quiz it is pretty easy to answer the questions. But when I try to use them while writing the letter, I am using informal words in formal letter. :(

In my point of view, I feel I need more practice to avoid confusion among all these words.

THANK YOU FOR NICE LESSON!

Thanks you Emma, is useful in my workplace

This was one of the things I did have doubt. Strongly usefull. Thanks for the explanation.

I am interested by this session

u r great and i really love to watch ,study with u

Thank You Teacher I have done 100 points It is a strongly lesson.

Thank you very much……it’s very nice…..I got 10 correct out of 10.

Just wanted to clear a doubt, It’s not related to this lesson but I was wondering if you could tell me if the below mentioned statement is correct..

Richard was one of the thieves that stole the painting from the gallery, but due to the lack of evidence , he got away with it..

Is this sentence correct or do i have to change anything.

Thank you so much..

Useful lesson

When I speak formal English，I must be very nervous. But I learned that if I can not use formal English, people will see me impolite person. Today’s video was very useful. Thank you Emma!

hi,Emma a great lesson.

i got 100 from 100

It’s very simple, but very important in the business activity. Thanks Emma!

Excellent explanation!Formal or Informal.That’s the question.Thanks a lot Emma for this great class.

Thank you teacher Emma! I am grateful to see you everyday on Engvid.com video and learn more. God Bless to all Engvid teachers.

I got 10/10

It was very helpful. Thank You.

Thank you I really appreciate this website

Thank you i am strongly appreciate this website

You are my angel Amma, thank you so much.

Thank you, i learned many things

hey, I have I a bit of a dumb question maybe, but at 3:03 you use a word that sounds like “mature”, I don’t get the meaning of this word and I think that’s because I spell it wrong so got the wrong translation. Can you help me please?

well I´ll see this topic in this week class so is good to have some knowledge about it thank you.

thanks a lot very useful lesson

my favorite teacher is Emma.thans

got 10 correct out of 10

Hi Emma, Thank u givings us great lessons and explaining everything on a plain language <3 I would like to know , after passing quizzes successfully we would get a certificate? or is here any program level on which we could get certificate in the end of the course?

Mz.Emma I love your lessons.Your teaching excellent. It is helping me a lot.

It’s very helpful to me!! Thank you, Emma^^

this lesson has helped me a lot, thanks ma’am

Thank you a lot Emma! You are the best!

I have no prediction how you could have been sauch a wonderful teacher like that!Literally its perfect thank you Emma!

Excellent lesson, very useful

Thank you emma really perfect lesson

Dear madam. I would like to know if give private lessons.Futhermore will you put more videos about this topic.You may answer at your earliest convenience. Yours faithfuly.

Hi thank you Emma from my heart I am realy appriciate your hard work and I want to say you are so wandorful and so kind and I want you to forgive for my mistakes all the best to you

yeeeeeyyyy! 10/10 again .thank you Emma.

Great lesson and helpful to everyone.

Dear Emma i watched your video, difference between formal and informal writing so i have got much learned.

Thank you Emma!!

Indeed a Good lesson….why Emma does not answer any of the questions asked by English learners here on this website

Thank you Emma. very useful

Thank you ,Emma !

thank you Emma, you are so nice teacher i like your way of teaching.

Excellent Emma, l have enjoyed a lot.

I got all callect 10/10 thanks Emma.

thaks for those lessons i like your explanation i got just 8/10 but i will try to get more thank you emma

He was fabulous and a new lesson for me

got 90%….new lesson for me ….i like the way u teach ……informal writing hahah

thanks you emma

Greta lesson but also I need to practice my speach.

10/10 Thanks Emma.

How beautifully you explained this lesson! I love your teaching methodology. Live long Emma!

Finally, I have understood this lesson and got 100 out of 100 marks. Thanks Emma

Send me videos on how to write an informal letter and formal, essay, article.

No I know that I should use “TV” in informal emails and “television” in formal ones.

Thanks alot,It was strongly helpfull.

EMMA’s lectures very understandable. Emma has got fascinating style during the lecture.

Thank Teacher!

Great Lesson , Great Teacher, Thanks much

Thanks Emma ,I loved it.

Thank you very much for this useful lesson. Would you mind if i asked you a question? As you said, idiom should not be used in formal letters, but I think that it can help me get more marks in essays. Is it right? I look forward to your reply :)

It’s hard part to judge what words is formal, and what words is informal.However, thanks Eamma for your teach, and share a chart about formal and informal.

so do i have a the same feeling, maybe should enlarge my Vocabulary

thanks a lot Emma

It was really useful Emma, thanks!

you are a great teacher Emma!I admire you so much…

Thank you emma Thank you so much engvid

Greatt lesson!!! It fit me perfectly since i am revising for my IGCSE test. Keep it up!!

what a useful lesson it is！i got it ，thank~

Great! lesson thank you very much engvid

Thanks teacher for your teaching .I understand Formal and Informal now.

Thank you, teacher Enma.

Thanks a lot Emma, you are the best teacher that I have until Now.. because you Very beautiful and also, express the word of a way that help us to understand very well… I am loving your classes!! And you of course!!

Hello I want to ask a question. “Please send me at your earliest convenience.” Is that correct in formal or not?

thank you Mrs. Emma. it’s usefull

Thank you so much. I love to watch all your videos.

thanks it is very helpful lesson for me I got 10/10

Thanks, Emma. Great lesson. I got 100.

I cannot print out the English Resources for Formal & Informal English. Why?

Thank you emma

great Lesson

Great tips! Thanks Emma.

– Hosseiй

thank you so much for great lesson

Thank you Emma !

Thanks Emma…… it was quite informative. I never kept in mind while writing my day to day writings.

Thank you, teacher.

Hi Emma, i love your lesson, intersting and easy to understand

Thank you so much Emma . Your lesson was very nice .

Thank you for the lesson. Could you answer some questions, please? At the first, if I’m writting a formal letter, how can I apply to the person whom I write it? If I write to my friend, I can start with something like “Dear friend!”, but what if I write to my boss, teacher, etc.? At the second, I wonder if I can use informal language in General IELTS Speaking? I’m pretty sure I will get a higher score for “vocabulary” if I use idioms and phrasal verbs.

Thank you Emma.On the top of it all ,this lession is preety interesting.

thank emma ! i love you and video much love from me and my famely thank you a very much! thank!

Thanks Emmah your are my great teacher

Thanks Emma your are a great teacher

Very useful

Yayy I got my 100 % :) well explained

Very clear, thank you Emma

Thank you, Emma!!!

You got 10 correct out of 10.

Great ! Thanks for your lessons

Big thanks for u

Emma , you are just awsome thak you…ıt was very useful

Are contractions like “wanna”, “gonna”, “gotta” and similar acceptable in non-formal GT task 1 letters?

I want to give you an informal kiss! Thank you very much for the lesson

thank you very much for the lesson

Thank you Emma for lesson and for your methodology

Thanks, it was a very good hint to write proper letter. Also it’s my first comment and first lesson I saw in your web site.

Thank you very much.

Hello Emma Thank you for your innovative and helpful videos. could you please answer my question. Can the answers be written in all CAPITAL letters in IELTS Writing test?

Thanks Emma i got 100 .

I really like the way you teach, you are super

Amazing Emma, I got 100. Thank you!

Great explanation. Just found your yt channel guys. Will be using definitely to improve my english skills!

Great lesson ! Thank you so much Emma ! Unfortunately, I can’t print it…no link for… ??? :-(. Would you please help me to find a solution for printing this useful resource ? Thanks a lot

THanks lot Emma for such heplful videos .we are having CEFR now and your videos help me and us lot.keep it up ! I think these hot words helps you to get more energy and encouregement as well.

I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation for this valuable information which I have benefited greatly from

Thanks Emma!!

I understood the informal english now

I have luck to find this website ?

Thank you Ms. Emma.

The lesson was wonderful

Thanks, Amma. I got 10 correct out of 10. I am making progress.

10/10! This lesson is very useful for me to write an email with the business customer. Thanks, Emma!

I got 10/10 mam

Thank you Ms. Emma for your efforts! I got 10 out of 10.

If I understood correctly, all phrasal verbs are considered to be informal and avoid writing them on TOEFL or IELTs. right????

so what are block ,semi-block & modifiers

Excellent lesson. Thanks Emma!

I watched the video twice on April 16, 2021, and took the quiz after watching it once. I got 10 correct out of 10.

yes I got 10/10

How to revise these sentences by eliminating word/s that does not follow the rules of formal language.

1. Please tell your friends about the lecture, “the 24th revolution”, by prof. Nick Martel, dept. of sociology.

2. There were 88 student ambassadors from all over asia who attended the youth forum on “climate change”.

3. Sorry to keep you waiting.

4. At this point in time

5. Postpone your activities until later.

Thank you so much ma’am I got 9/10…

Emma, you rock!

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10 Differences Between Formal & Informal letters With Examples

Table of Contents

Distinguishing between formal and informal letters is vital for effective communication in diverse scenarios. Whether you’re drafting a professional document or engaging in personal correspondence, understanding the contrasting features of these letter types is crucial.

This article unveils the unique qualities that shape formal and informal letters, helping you with the knowledge to adapt your writing style accordingly.

What are formal and informal letters?

Formal letter: .

A formal letter is a professional and structured form of written communication commonly used in official, business, and professional contexts. It follows specific guidelines to maintain a formal tone and language. Formal letters are used for purposes like job applications, business correspondence, legal issues, and even for order letters , where individuals or organizations place specific requests for products in a formal manner. 

They stick to a structured format, use formal greetings and salutations, avoid abbreviations, and follow a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Formal letters often require documentation, end with a formal closing, and are signed by the sender. 

Informal letter:

An informal letter is a personal means of communication exchanged among friends, acquaintances, or personal connections. It has a casual and relaxed tone, allowing the writer to express thoughts, feelings, and experiences in a friendly and conversational manner.

There are no strict formatting rules or structure, giving the writer the freedom to personalize the letter. Informal letters begin with a warm greeting, delve into various topics in the body, and use personal language, including slang and idioms. They typically end with a closing phrase or signature. Informal letters foster intimacy and connection between individuals.

Comparison table for formal Vs informal letters 

Features of formal and informal letter writing, features of formal letter.

• Salutation: Formal letters start with a respectful salutation, such as “ Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms. ” followed by the recipient’s last name and appropriate title.
• Introduction: The introductory paragraph of a formal letter serves to establish the purpose of the letter and provide context.
• Body: The body of a formal letter contains the main content and is divided into clear and concise paragraphs.
• Language and Style: Formal letters employ formal language and adhere to grammatical rules and conventions.
• Respectful and Polite Language: Formal letters maintain a tone of respect and politeness throughout the communication.
• Enclosures and Attachments: If there are any additional documents or attachments accompanying the letter, formal letters mention them by stating “ Enclosure ” or “ Attachment ” followed by a list of the included items.

Features of informal letter writing

• Salutation: Informal letters often begin with a casual salutation, such as “ Dear [Recipient’s Name], ” “ Hey, ” “ Hi, ” or even a personal nickname.
• Personal Introduction: The introductory paragraph of an informal letter sets a warm and personal tone.
• Narrative Style: Informal letters often include storytelling elements , anecdotes, and personal experiences.
• Casual Tone: Informal letters adopt a relaxed and conversational tone, creating a friendly atmosphere between the writer and the recipient.
• Paragraphs and Organization: While informal letters don’t follow a rigid structure, they are still organized into paragraphs.

10 Main differences between formal and informal letters (Detailed explanation)

1/ tone and language:.

Formal Letters: Formal letters require a professional tone and language. They are typically used in business, academic, and official settings. The tone should be respectful and courteous, maintaining a sense of professionalism throughout. Language should be formal, using standard grammar and avoiding slang or colloquial expressions. The goal is to convey information clearly and professionally.

Informal Letters: In contrast, informal letters have a more conversational tone. They are typically used when writing to friends, family members, or acquaintances. The language used can be more relaxed and casual, allowing for personal expressions and informal phrases. Slang, abbreviations, and contractions are commonly used to create a friendly and relaxed atmosphere.

2/ Structure and formatting:

Formal Letters: Formal letters follow a standard format to maintain professionalism and clarity. They typically include the sender’s and recipient’s addresses, dates, subject lines, and a formal salutation. The letter’s body is structured into paragraphs, with each paragraph dedicated to addressing a specific point. A formal closing phrase is used, followed by the sender’s signature and printed name. The structure ensures a logical flow of information and makes it easier for the recipient to navigate the content.

Informal Letters: Informal letters possess a flexible structure in contrast to formal letters. While there is no strict format, they usually consist of an introduction, body, and conclusion. The structure can be less formal and more relaxed, allowing for a free-flowing conversation-like style. Informal letters may not include addresses, subject lines, or formal salutations. The closing can be more casual and personalized, depending on the relationship with the recipient. The purpose is to convey thoughts and feelings in a less structured manner.

3/ Audience and purpose:

Formal Letters: Formal letters are typically written for professional or official purposes. They are directed towards individuals or organizations with whom you have a formal or business relationship. The audience for formal letters includes employers, colleagues, government officials, academic institutions, or other formal entities. The purpose of formal letters can vary widely, such as applying for a job, making a complaint, requesting information, or submitting official documents. The tone and language used in formal letters are tailored to maintain professionalism and respect.

Informal Letters: Informal letters are usually intended for personal connections, including family members, or acquaintances. The audience consists of individuals with whom you share a more casual and informal relationship. The purpose of informal letters is often to catch up, share personal news, express emotions, or simply engage in friendly conversation. Informal letters provide the opportunity to showcase your personal voice and connect on a more personal level.

4/ Use of greetings and salutations:

Formal Letters: In formal letters, the use of greetings and salutations follows a more structured and respectful approach. Common formal greetings include “ Dear Mr./Ms./Dr. ” followed by the recipient’s last name. If the recipient’s gender is unknown, it is acceptable to use the full name without a title. For example , “Dear Alex Smith” or “Dear Jordan Taylor.” The salutation at the end of the letter is typically more formal, using phrases such as “Yours sincerely” or “Yours faithfully” followed by the sender’s full name.

Informal Letters: Informal letters allow for a more relaxed and casual approach to greetings and salutations. Depending on the relationship with the recipient, informal greetings can include variations like “ Hi [Name], ” “ Hello [Name], ” or even a simple “ Hey. ” For close friends or family members, more informal greetings like “ Dear [Name], ” “ My dearest [Name], ” or even using nicknames are common. The salutations in informal letters are more flexible and can range from casual phrases like “ Best regards ” or “ Take care ” to more personalized closings like “Love,” “Warmly,” or simply signing off with the sender’s first name.

5/ Length and level of detail:

Formal Letters: Formal letters generally require a more concise and to-the-point approach. They tend to be more structured and focused on conveying specific information or addressing a particular matter. The length of formal letters varies depending on the complexity of the subject but is typically kept within a reasonable limit. The level of detail provided in formal letters is sufficient to communicate the necessary information without excessive elaboration. Clarity and precision are prioritized in order to maintain professionalism and avoid ambiguity.

Informal Letters: In comparison, informal letters allow for greater flexibility in terms of length and level of detail. They can be shorter or longer, depending on the purpose and the depth of the conversation. Informal letters frequently incorporate personal experiences, facilitating a relaxed and informal writing style rather than formal writing . The level of detail can be more extensive, as the purpose of informal letters is often to share experiences, emotions, or thoughts in a more expressive and conversational manner.

6/ Use of contractions and abbreviations:

Formal Letters: In formal letters, the use of contractions (such as “ don’t ,” “ can’t ,” and “ won’t “) and abbreviations should be avoided. The focus is on maintaining a professional and precise tone and using full words and phrases is preferred. This helps ensure clarity and avoids any potential confusion or misunderstandings.

Informal Letters: Informal letters allow for the use of contractions and abbreviations, as they contribute to a more casual and conversational style. Contractions like “ don’t ,” “ can’t ,” and “ won’t ” are commonly used, as well as abbreviations like “ LOL ” (laugh out loud), “ BTW ” (by the way), or “ OMG ” (oh my god). These informal language elements add a sense of familiarity and informality to the letter, reflecting a relaxed and friendly tone.

Valuable Tip: When deciding whether to use contractions and abbreviations, consider the level of formality desired in the letter and the nature of the relationship with the recipient.

7/ Proofreading and editing conventions:

Formal Letters: Formal letters require careful proofreading and editing to ensure accuracy, clarity, and professionalism. Reviewing the letter for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors is essential. Attention should be given to the proper use of capitalization, consistent formatting, and adherence to formal writing conventions . Proofreading helps to eliminate any potential mistakes or ambiguities that may detract from the professionalism of the letter.

Informal Letters: While proofreading is still important in informal letters, the level of strictness may be more relaxed. Informal letters allow for a more conversational and casual style, and minor errors may be more forgivable. However, it is still advisable to review the letter for any glaring mistakes or miscommunications.

8/ Use of formal or informal sentence structures:

Formal Letters: In formal letters, the use of formal sentence structures is preferred. This includes using complete sentences with proper subject-verb agreement and clear, concise language. Formal sentence structures ensure clarity and professionalism in communication. Avoiding sentence fragments and run-on sentences helps maintain a formal tone and effectively conveys the intended message.

Informal Letters: In informal letters, sentence structures can be more flexible and varied. Informal writing allows for the use of conversational sentence structures, including fragments, colloquial expressions, and even the occasional use of incomplete sentences. Informal letters often mirror the natural flow of conversation and reflect a more relaxed and casual style. 

9/ Cultural and contextual considerations:

Formal Letters: In formal letters, it is important to consider cultural and contextual norms. Different cultures may have specific expectations regarding language, etiquette, and formality in written communication. Understanding and respecting these cultural nuances is crucial to ensure effective communication and avoid any unintentional misunderstandings or offenses.

Informal Letters: In informal letters, cultural and contextual considerations are still relevant, but they may have less impact compared to formal letters. The level of formality and cultural nuances can vary depending on the nature of the relationship and the familiarity between the sender and recipient. 

10/ Documentation and references (e.g., citations, footnotes):

Formal Letters: In formal letters, especially those related to academic or professional contexts, it may be necessary to include documentation and references to support claims or provide additional information. This includes citing external sources, referring to relevant research or literature, and providing proper attribution when using someone else’s work or ideas. Additionally, depending on the field or organization’s requirements, formal letters often follow specific citation styles, such as APA (American Psychological Association) or MLA (Modern Language Association).

Informal Letters: In informal letters, the need for formal documentation and references is generally less common. Informal letters tend to focus more on personal experiences, opinions, and casual conversations rather than citing external sources. While informal letters may still reference shared experiences or previous conversations, the need for formal citation styles or footnotes is typically unnecessary.

Examples of Formal and Informal letters

Example of a formal letter.

The above-written letter is a sample of a real formal letter written in a well-structured format for product purchase returns. The purpose of the above letter is to inform the seller about the product failure. 

Example of an Informal letter

The above-written letter is a sample of an informal letter written for the purpose of gathering information from the recipient. 

Similarities between formal and informal letters 

Although formal and informal letters have several differences, there are also some similarities between the two types:

Common Ground between Formal and Informal Letters:

1/ Use of written communication: Both formal and informal letters rely on written communication as a means of conveying messages and information.

2/ Structure: Both types of letters generally follow a similar basic structure, consisting of an introduction, body, and conclusion.

3/ Addressing the recipient: Both formal and informal letters address the recipient directly, establishing a sense of personal connection.

4/ Clear communication: Both types of letters aim to clearly communicate thoughts, ideas, or requests to the recipient.

5/ Importance of proofreading: Both formal and informal letters benefit from proofreading and editing to ensure clarity, correctness, and professionalism.

6/ Attention to grammar and spelling: Both formal and informal letters require attention to proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling to maintain clarity and professionalism.

7/ Signature: Both types of letters typically include a handwritten or digital signature to provide a personal touch.

What are the benefits of each letter? 

Benefits of formal letters.

• Clarity and Precision: Formal letters help in providing clear instructions, making formal requests, or submitting official documents, ensuring that the message is conveyed accurately.
• Documentation: Formal letters serve as important documentation in various contexts which is not possible in using the style of oral communication . They establish a written record of communication that can be referenced later for clarity and legal purposes.
• Professional Opportunities: Formal letters, such as cover letters and job applications, play a crucial role in presenting qualifications, experiences, and skills to potential employers. 

Benefits of informal letters

• Informal Networking: Informal letters can also contribute to informal networking by establishing connections and social circles. 
• Expression of Emotions: Informal letters provide a platform to express emotions, share experiences, and convey personal thoughts. They enable individuals to freely express themselves, providing an outlet for self-reflection and emotional release.
• Flexibility and Creativity: Informal letters offer flexibility in terms of structure, language, and content. 

When should we use each type of letter? 

The usage of formal and informal letters may vary based on cultural norms, specific contexts, and individual preferences. Following are a few verticals where each type of letter is used. 

When to Use Formal Letters:

• Business correspondence (e.g., job applications, cover letters, resignation letters)
• Professional inquiries and requests
• Complaints or disputes with a formal institution or authority
• Formal invitations or announcements
• Official letters to government agencies or officials
• Academic or research-related communication
• Legal or contractual matters
• Formal letters of recommendation or reference

When to Use Informal Letters:

• Personal correspondence with friends, family, or acquaintances
• Casual invitations or social event planning
• Thank-you notes or letters of appreciation
• Catching up with someone or sharing personal news
• Congratulatory or celebratory messages
• Casual requests for information or favors
• Sharing personal anecdotes or stories
• Informal letters of recommendation or reference for non-professional contexts

Difference between informal and semi-formal letters 

When it comes to letter writing, understanding the differences between informal and semi-formal letters is also crucial. Let’s explore this further by comparing 10 key differences between informal and semi-formal letters in the table below.

Difference between formal, informal, and personal letters

Difference between formal letter and email.

Formal letters and emails are two common forms of written communication used in professional and official contexts. While both serve similar purposes, there are distinct differences between the two. 

Formal letters are traditionally written on paper, whereas emails are electronic messages sent through digital platforms. In terms of tone and language, formal letters adhere to a strict and professional style. They utilize formal language, proper grammar, and a respectful tone. On the other hand, emails have a more conversational and informal tone. While they still require proper grammar and clarity, emails allow for a more relaxed style of writing. 

Another significant distinction lies in the speed and convenience of communication. Formal letters often require more time for composing, printing, and delivery. Emails, on the other hand, offer instant delivery and quicker response times. Overall, while both formal letters and emails serve as means of professional communication, their differences lie in their medium, tone, language, structure, and speed.

Related Reading: Importance of email in business communication

Difference between essay and formal letters

Essays and formal letters differ in structure, style, and content. Essays present arguments and analyze topics, featuring an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. In contrast, formal letters have a specific format for professional communication. They are concise, focused, and convey information directly. Essays explore ideas extensively, while formal letters serve specific purposes efficiently. Understanding these differences helps writers adapt their approach and style accordingly.

Article Vs formal letter 

Articles and formal letters differ in purpose, audience, and style. Articles aim to inform or engage a broad readership, utilizing a structured format and incorporating research. They can be creative and expressive. In contrast, formal letters target specific recipients for professional or official matters. They follow a prescribed format  and  utilize formal language while upholding a tone of respect.

Importance of effective letter writing 

• Effective letter writing enhances communication by allowing for deeper expression of emotions, thoughts, and ideas.
• Well-written letters stand out in digital time, conveying thoughtfulness and personal connection.
• Letters play a significant role in professional settings, representing the organization’s image and fostering strong relationships with clients, customers, and stakeholders.
• Letter writing serves as documentation, capturing important moments and experiences.
• The process of drafting and editing letters enhances writing skills, including language proficiency, grammar, and critical thinking.

Tips for writing effective formal and informal letters 

Tips for writing formal letters:.

1/ Format the letter correctly: Follow a standard business letter format. Include your address, date, recipient’s address, salutation, body paragraphs, closing, and signature.

2/ Be concise and to the point: State your purpose clearly and concisely. Avoid unnecessary details or lengthy explanations. 

3/ Organize your thoughts logically: Present your ideas in a structured manner. Use paragraphs for different topics or points, and ensure there is a logical flow between them.

4/ Proofread for errors: Check your letter for grammatical, spelling, and punctuation errors. 

5/ Include relevant details: Provide any necessary information or documents the recipient may require.

Tips for Writing Informal Letters:

1/ Initiate the letter with a friendly greeting : Commence the letter by addressing the recipient with a personalized greeting.

2/ Be warm and expressive: Show your emotions and enthusiasm in your writing. Use words and phrases that reflect your feelings or convey your excitement.

3/ Keep it concise: Informal letters should be relatively brief.

4/ Use appropriate language: While informality is allowed, avoid using offensive or inappropriate language.

5/ End on a positive note: Conclude the letter with a warm closing, such as “Best regards,” “Take care,” or “Looking forward to hearing from you.” 

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1) what are the differences between formal letters, informal letters, and semi-formal letters .

Ans: Formal letters are professional and follow a specific format. They are used for official correspondence. Informal letters are personal, casual, and more flexible in format and language. They are written to known connections, family, or acquaintances. Semi-formal letters strike a balance between the two, with a professional yet friendly tone. They are used in situations that require professionalism but still maintain a level of familiarity.

Q2) What is the difference between a formal letter and application? 

Ans: A formal letter is a structured communication used for official or professional purposes, while an application is a specific type of formal letter written to apply for a job or opportunity, presenting qualifications and skills.

Q3) What are the 3 differences between formal and informal letters? 

Ans: Formal and informal letters differ in tone, structure, and content. Formal letters are professional and structured, using polite language. Informal letters are more relaxed, with a conversational tone and flexible structure. Formal letters pertain to official matters, while informal letters focus on personal communication.

Q4) Which letter is more easy, formal or informal? 

Ans: Informal letters are generally easier due to their relaxed, conversational tone, while formal letters require adherence to conventions and a professional tone.

Q5) What is the difference between formal and informal reports?

Ans: Formal reports are structured according to a specific format and utilize formal language. They include extensive research and analysis. Informal reports are casual, flexible in structure, and use simpler language. They are shorter, more conversational, and commonly used for internal communication within organizations. Understanding the difference between formal and informal reports ensures the effective delivery of the message to the intended audience. 

Q6) What are the 3 different types of letters? 

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How to write a formal Letter/Email ? | C1 Advanced (CAE)

FCE, CAE, CPE

Practice tests online.

Writing paper will require a response which is consistently appropriate for the specified target reader , and for example, you can expect to be asked to write different kinds of letters. Moreover, their register and style can be formal or informal .

What is the formal style of writing?

The main characteristics of a formal writing style are:

• A more complex structure. Formal writing often uses longer sentences. In formal writing, you will also see a more structured approach generally, with points clearly introduced, explained and concluded.
• An objective approach.  Main points are usually stated and then supported with arguments. Formal writing is less likely to be emotional in style.
• Writing in the third person.  Formal writing is not a personal writing style. The writer often aims to sound dispassionate about the topic.

Me, myself, I Everybody likes to talk about themselves, but when (for example) you’re reviewing a film, y ou should be talking about the film and not about yourself.

The informal you The way the word you is used in informal speech ‘You should have seen it!’ ‘if you know what I mean’   is not appropriate in formal writing. The word you point a finger at the reader. But the readers are not friends of yours, and you have no right to make assumptions about them.

C1 Advanced (CAE) Formal Letter/Email: Structure

Practice, write & improve, c1 advanced (cae) formal letter/email: writing guide, before you start….

Read the task carefully and then… You need to underline all the content points and consider the following:

• Why are you are writing the letter/email? To correct information, to apply for a job, to complain about something…
• Who is the target reader? You may have to write to the editor of a publication, to a potential employer, to a university administrator…
• Which language/register would be appropriate to reach my goal? Is there enough specific detail in my letter/email to convince the target reader?

  The CAE test does not require you to include dates or addresses in any of your letters, whether formal or informal.

1. Salutation

If you do not know the name of the person you are writing to, use this. It is always advisable to try to find out a name.

Dear Sir or Madam

If you know the name, use the title (Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms, Dr, etc.) and the surname only. If you are writing to a woman and do not know if she uses Mrs or Miss , you can use Ms , which is for married and single women.

Dear Mr Jenkins

Dear Editor

2. The first paragraph (opening)

The first paragraph of formal letters should include an introduction to the purpose of the letter. The summary of the letter can be found and the intentions which will be displayed through the rest of the letter should be outlined.

Example 1: I am writing in response to the advert I saw in the newspaper seeking people to work as tour guides. I think I would make a very good tour guide and I wish to apply for the job.

Example 2: I am writing about a recent incident in your shop in which I had the misfortune to be involved in. The incident I refer to is when one of your staff stopped me and accused me of shoplifting. 

3. The next paragraphs (main content)

The second and following paragraphs should provide the main information of the letter, and describe the main purpose mentioned in the introductory first paragraph .  Most letters in English are not very long, so keep the information to the essentials and concentrate on organising it in a clear and logical manner rather than expanding too much.

• You should always be polite and respectful. A useful way to achieve it especially in formal letters is to use ‘modal verbs’, i.e., would, could or should.
• It’s important to write simply and clearly . It’s worth noting that you have to avoid using informal language, for instance, avoid contractions (i.e. I’m, it’s, etc.).

Sample paragraph structure:

Paragraph 1: To begin with, I would like to put forward … Paragraph 2: Needless to say, this was …. Paragraph 3: But the thing that impressed me most…

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4. closing and signing off.

Example call to actions:

Example:1   Thank you for your consideration of my suggestions. I look forward to an opportunity to discuss this matter further. Example 2:  If you require further information, please do not hesitate to ask

Closing and signing off:

Yours faithfully –  use it if you don’t know the name of the recipient. Yours sincerely –  use it if you know the name of the recipient.

Let’s sum it up…

C1 advanced (cae) formal letter/email: example letters, cae example formal letter/email.

You recently had an unpleasant experience when you were shopping in a department store. One of the assistants wrongly accused you of shoplifting. Although you were able to prove that you had paid for the item in question, you received no apology.

Write a letter to the manager of the shop, saying why you are angry and disappointed and asking for some kind of compensation for the way you were treated. Say that you will take further action if you do not receive an official apology.

Model answer

Dear Mr Menton,

I am writing about a recent incident in your shop in which I had the misfortune to be involved in. The incident I refer to is when one of your staff stopped me and accused me of shoplifting in front of about 20 other people. Needless to say, this was an extremely embarrassing situation for me. Thank goodness I had kept the receipt to prove that I had paid for everything on my person at the time, but to be accused of stealing like that in front of all those people – some of whom I knew personally – was very humiliating and degrading. The shop assistant used a very accusatory tone…

But the thing that angered and dismayed me most was not the accusation itself – after all, misunderstandings happen sometimes – but the accuser’s failure to acknowledge his mistake or apologise to me. When I showed him the receipt, he simply walked off mumbling about how ‘shady’ a character I looked. Considering how much embarrassment I was caused, I do not think it was too much to have expected a simple apology either, do you?

Which brings me back to why I am writing; if I cannot get an apology from this assistant, then I would like a formal one from you instead. If an official apology is not forthcoming and I am not compensated in some way – with a shopping voucher for example – then be warned that I will take further steps to ensure that I get justice.

I look forward to hearing from you at the very earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely, Michael Mathers

A student from a business school in an English-speaking country has arranged to spend two months on a work experience programme in your department. Your manager has asked you to write a letter to the student, welcoming him to your company, explaining what he will be expected to do and how he will benefit from this experience.

Write your letter .

Dear Mr Miller 

We are delighted that you have decided to spend two months on a work experience programme in the xxx marketing department. We warmly welcome you  to our company in general and to our department in particular .  

Y ou will be given the unique opportunity to work with a young team launching a  new soft drink. Your work will be as interesting as demanding. You will have  to analyse sever al surveys which  have recently been conducted. Based on the results of your analysis you will have to think about possible target customers . F urther more, you will be asked to develop ideas on how exactly we could  launch our soft drink. You will have to gather though ts about how to run a successful campaign. As this project has not been made public yet, we expect  you not to talk about this project to your friends or family . You will be expected  to work hard and, sometimes, for long hours.

However , you will most certainly learn a lot. Y ou will be given the unique chance to develop a marketing campaign. You will also get used to working with different marketing tools. Furthermore, you will have to learn how to  take advanta ge of a wide va riety of computer programs, which will not only  help you to analy se the surveys conducted but will also assist you in making out possible target customers. This two months work experience programme will  help you to understand the use and impact of marketing tools. We are confident that this experience will go far beyond that what you have learnt at university .

We are looking forward to working with you.  

Y ours sincer ely

Your company would like to offer work-experience placements to students in an international college. Write a letter for publication in the student newspaper at the college.

Your letter should explain what your company does, what kind of work-experience placements are available, and how students would benefit from the experience.

Dear Students,

Are you looking for a work placement that will give you plenty of valuable experience and will look good on your CV? If so, then our company may have something to offer you.

We are an international educational exchange organisation which organises links between schools all over the world. We currently have three work-experience placements available for students from your college. The work would involve a range of office tasks, including dealing with correspondence, arranging meetings and keeping our database up-to-date. We are particularly interested in offering these placements to students with some knowledge of two or more languages.

The placements would be of great benefit to the students who are given this opportunity. It would provide experience of working in a small and dedicated team, which would give you the chance to develop a wider range of office skills than would normally be the case in larger organisations. Our international network means that you would also gain some contacts all over the world, which might be of particular value to any of you considering a career in some aspect of education.

You will find further information about our organisation and the placements we offer on our website and we look forward to hearing from any of you who think that the work might be right for you — and that you might be the right person for one of these placements.

Best wishes to you all, Paula Fisher

C1 Advanced (CAE) Formal Letter/Email: Example Questions

Cae formal letter & email topic 1.

Volunteers needed

We are looking for volunteers to help out at a famous, international sporting event. We’re looking for friendly, respectful people with good language skills, good team skills and a ‘can-do’ attitude. We need people to welcome delegates, provide customer service and solve problems. If you think you have what it takes, apply now.

Write an application to become a volunteer. Mention:

– your language skills – your personal qualities – examples of times when you have demonstrated team skills – any relevant work experience

Now write your letter . You do not need to include any postal addresses

CAE Formal Letter & Email Topic 2

A colleague of yours, Alice Watson, has applied for a job in the public relations department of a large charity. Poverty Action. You have been asked to write a letter providing a character reference for her. Indicate how long and what capacity you have worked with her, and how her personal characteristics would make her suited for her job. Here is part of the letter you received from Poverty Action:

The job of Public Relations Co-ordinator consists mainly of supervising PR work and entails travelling around the country and working with various people in our large organization. The successful applicant will need good managerial skills and be committed to the philosophy of our charity

Write your letter in reply. You do not need to include postal addresses

CEA Formal Letter & Email Topic 3

On a recent holiday, you lost a valuable item. Fortunately, you have travel insurance to cover the cost of anything lost. 

Write a letter to the manager of your insurance company. In your letter:

–  describe the item you lost – explain how lost it – tell the insurance company what you would like them to do.

Write your email in an appropriate style.

More than Practice Tests

C1 advanced (cae) formal letter/email: tips & strategy.

If you aim to write an official letter, you should:

• avoid everyday  colloquial language  or  slang
• avoid contractions ( I’m, it’s )
• avoid emotional, subjective language  (terrible, rubbish, etc.)
• avoid general words such as  nice, good, get, etc.

C1 Advanced (CAE) Formal Letter/Email: Writing Checklist

After writing your text, you can check it yourself using the writing checklist below.

How to do that? Simply check your text/email by answering the questions one by one:

• Have I covered all the key information required by the task?
• Have I written only information which is relevant to the task?
• Have I developed the basic points in the task with my own ideas?

Communicative Achievement

• Have I achieved the main purpose(s) of the text (for example, explaining, persuading, suggesting, apologising, comparing, etc.)?
• Have I used a suitable mix of fact and opinion?
• Have I used a suitable style and register (formal or informal) for the task?

Organisation

• Have I used paragraphs appropriately to organise my ideas?
• Have I used other organisational features appropriately for the genre of the text (for example, titles, headings, openings, closings, etc.)?
• Is the connection between my ideas clear and easy for the reader to follow? (For example, have I used appropriate linking words, pronouns, etc. to refer to different things within the text?)
• Are the ideas balanced appropriately, with suitable attention and space given to each one?
• Have I used a wide range of vocabulary?
• Have I avoided repeating the same words and phrases?
• Have I used a range of simple and more complex grammatical structures?
• Have I correctly used any common phrases which are relevant to the specific task or topic?
• Is my use of grammar accurate?
• Is my spelling accurate?

C1 Advanced (CAE) Formal Letter/Email: Useful phrases

Useful phrases for a f ormal letter: (use as set phrases in the exam, don´t experiment with new vocabulary or grammar)

Dear Sir or Madam Dear Mr Jenkins

With regards to the letter/email on… With reference to your letter/email… After having received your letter/email… I received your address from … and would like … Thank you very much for your letter/email on… I have been given your contact details by… and I would like to… In reply to your letter/email of…

Reason for writing

I am writing with regard/reference to …  I am writing to express (my concern about/ disappointment with/disapproval of/apologies for) I would like to draw your attention to/point out …

Referring to their letter 

As you stated in your leter, … Regarding… Concerning … With regard to…

Complaining 

I am wiing to compiain about … You said …but in fact what happened …

Introducing points

(I feel) I must also (dis)agree with … I should also like to point out that … Your (article) states that … However,…

Request for action

I would appreciate it/be grateful if you would … I look forward to receiving/seeing … I trust/very much hope you will …

I hope to hear from you soon… If you require any further information, feel free to contact me Should you require anything else, do not hesitate in contacting me Regards Yours faithfully Yours sincerely (signature)

C1 Advanced (CAE) Formal Letter/Email: FAQ

Who is the audience? This will be given in the prompt.

What is the purpose of the writing? You are usually giving information or requesting action. You should be direct and get to the point quickly.

Should I use headings or bullet points? No.

How should it start? “Dear Sir or Madam (if no name is given), I am writing to…” This is the expected opening of a letter. First, you explain why you are writing, in the next paragraph you explain why you think you should get what you want.

How should it finish? You should clearly re-state your recommendation or desired action in your last paragraph. This is usually followed by a “I am looking forward to…” statement and “Yours faithfully/Yours sincerely, x.”

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• Letter Writing
• Informal Letter Format

Informal Letter Format - How to Write, Parts, Sample Informal Letters

To write an informal letter in English, you need to know the way in which it is written. Informal letter writing is easier than you think. It is just like a long talk with a friend or relative.

In this article, the format of an informal letter is explored under the following headings.

What Is an Informal Letter?

What can you write about in an informal letter, how to write an informal letter.

• Informal Letter Format 1 – Letter to Your Cousin Inquiring about Her First Visit to Ethiopia
• Informal Letter Format 2 – Letter to Your Friend about Arranging a Get-Together
• Informal Letter Format 3 – Reply Regretting Inability To Join
• FAQ On Informal Letter Format

Informal letters are personal letters that are written to let your friends or family know about what is going on in your life and to convey your regards. An informal letter is usually written to a family member, a close acquaintance, or a friend. The language used in an informal letter is casual and personal.

You can literally write about anything you feel or think you want to convey. Informal letters can be written to inform your dear ones about your success in a competition, about a movie you watched recently, about the trip that you would be going on, and so on. It can also be to enquire about their well-being, to invite them to go along with you on a trip, to congratulate them on their new job, to convey your regards, etc. You can be as personal as you want when writing an informal letter.

Like any letter, there is a format to write an informal letter in English. Unlike a formal letter , an informal letter does not need to state something specific. It can be written in an easy, conversational style. They are in the nature of a friendly chat, so it can include a variety of topics. It can have all that you want to tell your dear one about. You can use colloquial expressions, unlike formal letters. There are a few easy guidelines that you can follow to be able to write impressive informal letters.

• Forms of Greeting/Salutation: In informal letters to friends and family, you can address them by their names prefixed by qualifying terms such as Dear, My dear, Dearest, etc. You can also address them by their pet names (Eg: Dearest Rosy, Dear Andy, My dear Sweety…) or by their relationship with you (Dear Uncle, Dearest Grandma, My dear Cousin…). If you are writing to an ordinary friend who is older than you are, or of superior rank, it is respectful to use prefixes such as Mr, Mrs, Ms, etc. For example, Dear Mr Reddy.
• Introduction and Body of the Letter: The words you use determine the nature of your letter. You can start your informal letter with an introduction to set the tone of the matter that is going to be discussed. You can begin by enquiring about the health and well-being of the recipient. For instance, I hope this letter of mine finds you in the pink of health. You can then explain the reason behind the letter and provide the details as elaborate as you wish to, unlike formal letters. The letter can be more like a friendly chat than an essay. You can write in a very casual and personal tone. If you are writing to an older person, do not use disrespectful terms or sentences.
• Conclusion: End the informal letter on a friendly note. Use words in such a way that the recipient feels like they have had a wonderful time chatting with you. See to that you make sure you let them know that you would be awaiting their response to your letter.
• Forms of Subscription/Signature: You can use the following in informal letters to relatives and near friends: Yours affectionately, Yours lovingly, Your loving friend, With love, etc., followed by your name (mostly your first name).If you are writing to a close acquaintance whom you have addressed as Dear Mr, Mrs, etc., you can use Yours sincerely, Kind regards, etc.

Informal Letter Format Samples

Let us now look at some examples of informal letter formats to help you understand better.

Informal Letter Format 1 – Letter to Your Cousin Enquiring about Her First Visit to Ethiopia

34, Park Avenue

Mumbai – 400023

24 th September, 2021

Dearest Maria,

I was so glad to hear from my mother that you are back home after the trip. Hope you had a safe and enjoyable trip. I have been waiting to hear all about the trip from you.

Since this was the first time you have been to a foreign land, I guess every little bit of the trip was as exciting as you expected it to be. I have heard from my friends residing there that the place is extremely beautiful and that the people there are very endearing. However, I was worried when I knew that there were a few bomb blasts during your stay there. Hope all of you there were safe. I hope everything else was fine except for this.

I had spoken to your mother earlier, and she told me that you would be coming home after two weeks. I saw your pictures on Instagram as well. I can’t wait to meet you and hear all your stories. Waiting eagerly for your reply.

Your loving cousin,

Informal Letter Format 2 – Letter to a Friend about Arranging a Get-together

Allahabad – 211005

Dear Surya,

Hope you are keeping well, and everyone at home is keeping safe and healthy. It has been a long time since all of us have met, so I was thinking we could all meet up. I have planned to have a get-together next month. I would love to discuss more about it.

All of us could meet on Friday evening and stay over the weekend at a resort in Munnar. The climate in Munnar is great and it will be a good stress reliever. We could also go around the tourist spots if everyone is interested. If you are ready, we could talk to the others also. I will visit you next weekend to discuss more on this.

Awaiting your reply and hoping to meet you soon.

Informal Letter Format 3 – Reply Regretting Inability to Join

144, Stark Lane

Mumbai – 400054

Dear Sreya,

It is extremely thoughtful of you to plan a get-together for all of us. I wish I could join you, but I am sorry to say that I have a project starting next month, and it would not be possible for me to be there. If there is any way of preponing the get-together to any time before the month-end, I can definitely make it to our gathering.

I hope we can reschedule the get-together and not miss the chance to meet up. Waiting to hear from you.

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FAQ on Informal Letter Format

How can you write an informal letter.

An informal letter should include:

• The Sender’s address
• Greeting/Salutation
• Introduction
• Body of the letter

How do you start an informal letter?

As far as an informal letter is concerned, you can start by greeting the person and conveying regards. You can then state the purpose of your letter.

What is the difference between a formal letter and an informal letter?

A formal letter is written in a professional manner where you directly state the intent of your letter and what you expect; whereas, an informal letter can be written to anyone whom you are close to about anything you want to share.

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Meeting on the palestinian application for un membership.

Tomorrow (8 April), Security Council members will hold closed consultations, followed by an open meeting, to discuss the Palestinian request, conveyed in a 2 April letter to the Secretary-General, for renewed consideration of its 23 September 2011 application for UN membership . The Secretary-General transmitted the request to the Security Council in a 3 April letter (S/2024/286). The admission of new members to the UN is decided by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. Generally, the next step following an application for membership is for the Council to hold a formal meeting and refer the application to its standing Committee on the Admission of New Members.

At tomorrow’s consultations, Council members will determine whether the Committee will deliberate this matter or whether the Council addresses it directly. Rule 59 of the Security Council’s provisional rules of procedure states: “[u]nless the Security Council decides otherwise, the application shall be referred by the President to a committee of the Security Council upon which each member of the Security Council shall be represented.” If the Council agrees to refer the State of Palestine’s admission request to the Committee, that Committee meeting could be held tomorrow afternoon. Following its deliberations, if the Committee eventually recommends admission, it usually presents the Council with a draft resolution. If there is no disagreement over the Committee’s recommendation, the Council would then adopt this resolution. In recent years, for example in the case of South Sudan in July 2011, this has been done “in accordance with the understanding reached in prior consultations” and without a meeting or a vote.

Since 1971, the Council has generally chosen to refer membership applications to its standing Committee, but in the past, it has also made direct recommendations on admission without referral to the Committee. If there is opposition to referral, the President of the Council could propose that the referral of the matter to the Committee be put on the agenda of the Council and call for a vote.  This would be a procedural vote, requiring nine votes and vetoes would not be applicable. If the proposal is not adopted, the application would then be addressed by the Security Council. At this stage, a Council member could choose to table a draft resolution recommending to the General Assembly the applicant’s admission to the UN.

As admission to UN membership is a substantive issue, it requires the agreement of at least nine of the Council’s 15 members and the veto applies. Past practice has shown numerous cases where an applicant’s admission request has been denied due to a veto cast by at least one permanent member of the Security Council. If the Council does not recommend the application or postpones its consideration of the application, the Council then must submit a special report to the General Assembly, which in turn could ask the Council to reconsider. No admission of a new member has been vetoed since 1976.

In the General Assembly, the admission of a new member is an “important question”, which requires a two-thirds majority. While there are time limits contained in rules 59 and 60 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure regarding the referral of a membership application to the General Assembly, they appear intended to give the General Assembly sufficient time to consider the Council’s recommendation rather than requiring the Committee or the Council to make a decision within a certain timeframe. It is possible that if the Council is not ready to decide on the Palestinian application, it could choose to send it to the Committee for an indefinite length of time. (For more information on the procedure and past practice relating to the process of admission of a new UN member, see our 21 September 2011 update report .)

On 2 April, the chairs of the Arab Group at the UN (Saudi Arabia), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (Mauritania), and the Non-Aligned Movement (Uganda) sent a letter to the Secretary-General, the President of the General Assembly, and the President of the Security Council expressing support for the admission of the State of Palestine to UN membership.

The Security Council is expected to hold its quarterly meeting on “The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question” on 18 April at ministerial level. If there has been little movement on the renewed consideration of the State of Palestine’s application for UN membership, this matter may be taken up at or before this meeting.

The request for renewed consideration of the application also comes at a time when members are negotiating a draft resolution initiated by France on the war between Israel and Hamas, which calls for an immediate ceasefire and unimpeded provision and distribution of humanitarian aid throughout Gaza. It seems that the draft text contains language noting that 139 member states have recognised the State of Palestine and expressing the intent to welcome the State of Palestine as a full member of the UN.

According to rule 58 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure, applications for admission to membership in the UN are submitted to the Secretary-General. The application must include a declaration made in a formal instrument accepting the obligations in the UN Charter . Article 4 of the UN Charter is clear that only “states” may apply to be admitted to the UN. It requires that applicants be “peace-loving”, that they accept the obligations contained in the Charter and that, in the judgement of the organisation, they are “able and willing” to carry out the obligations.

An application for admission therefore must be from an entity which meets the criteria for statehood, including a defined territory and a recognised government. Precedents confirm, however, that this does not rule out applicants in situations where there remain significant disputes about the territorial boundaries. Precedents also confirm that applicants do not have to achieve universal recognition before they can be admitted. In 1950, Secretary-General Trygve Lie wrote a memo ( S/1466 ) advising the Security Council that in effect admission to the UN could not be conditioned on recognition of the applicant by all member states.

In a 23 September 2011 letter to the Secretary-General, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas formally submitted the Palestinian application for UN membership. The letter contained a declaration in a formal instrument stating that the “State of Palestine is a peace-loving nation and that it accepts the obligations contained in the Charter of the United Nations and solemnly undertakes to fulfill them”.

After the Secretary-General transmitted the letter to the president of the Security Council and General Assembly in a note, the president of the Council circulated the note to all Council members and called for consultations on 26 September 2011 to discuss how to proceed with the application. On 28 September 2011, the Security Council met in an open formal meeting and referred the matter to the standing Committee on the Admission of New Members. The Committee held two formal meetings, on 30 September and 2 November 2011, to consider the application. In between the formal meetings, the Committee held five informal meetings, four at expert level and one at permanent representative level. On 11 November 2011, the Committee transmitted its report to the Security Council, which stated that it had concluded its work but was unable to reach a unanimous recommendation on the Palestinian application. It seems that although the majority of members were open to the Council recommending the State of Palestine as a UN member to the General Assembly, there were two members who opposed doing so.

Status of the State of Palestine in the UN

In 1974, the General Assembly adopted resolution 3237(XXIX) , approving the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) as an observer. In December 1988, in resolution 43/177 , the General Assembly acknowledged “the proclamation of the State of Palestine” and decided “that the designation ‘Palestine’” should be used in place of the PLO without prejudice to the observer status and functions of the PLO “in conformity with relevant UN resolutions and practice”. The resolution stopped short of acknowledging Palestine as a state, and in effect, maintained Palestine in the non-state observer category.

In July 1998, the General Assembly, in resolution 52/250 , enhanced the participation privileges of Palestine in the UN system by defining better treatment for Palestine in terms of making proposals and seating. Again, this resolution contained language which made it clear that Palestine was still being accorded a lesser status than a state. In effect, the resolution elevated Palestine to a new sui generis observer status, still less than a state but higher than all other observers.

On 27 September 2012, Abbas indicated that the State of Palestine intended to seek a General Assembly resolution upgrading its status at the UN from “permanent observer” to “non-member observer state”. On 5 September 2012, the League of Arab States (LAS) endorsed this effort as an alternative approach to the State of Palestine’s bid for full UN membership in 2011. On 29 November 2012, the General Assembly adopted resolution 67/19 , in which it accorded Palestine the status of a non-member observer state of the UN.

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