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125 Frankenstein Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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When it comes to writing an essay on Mary Shelley's classic novel, "Frankenstein," the possibilities are endless. With its themes of science, technology, morality, and the nature of humanity, there are countless ways to approach this iconic work of literature. To help get your creative juices flowing, here are 125 Frankenstein essay topic ideas and examples to inspire your next writing assignment.

• Analyze the role of ambition in Victor Frankenstein's downfall.
• Discuss the significance of the novel's subtitle, "The Modern Prometheus."
• Compare and contrast Victor Frankenstein and the creature he creates.
• Explore the theme of isolation in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's portrayal of gender roles and relationships.
• Discuss the novel's critique of Enlightenment ideals.
• Analyze the role of nature in "Frankenstein."
• Explore the novel's treatment of science and technology.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of morality and ethics.
• Examine the theme of responsibility in "Frankenstein."
• Compare and contrast the novel's multiple narrators.
• Analyze the novel's use of framing devices.
• Discuss the novel's treatment of the supernatural.
• Explore the theme of revenge in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's portrayal of family relationships.
• Discuss the novel's treatment of beauty and ugliness.
• Analyze the novel's use of symbolism.
• Explore the novel's treatment of death and resurrection.
• Discuss the novel's critique of Romanticism.
• Examine the novel's portrayal of the sublime.
• Compare and contrast the novel's multiple settings.
• Analyze the novel's treatment of social class.
• Discuss the novel's use of irony.
• Explore the theme of creation in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of knowledge and discovery.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of madness.
• Analyze the novel's use of Gothic conventions.
• Explore the theme of power in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's portrayal of religion and spirituality.
• Discuss the novel's treatment of the uncanny.
• Compare and contrast the novel's multiple themes.
• Analyze the novel's use of narrative structure.
• Explore the theme of alienation in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of guilt and shame.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of fate and free will.
• Analyze the novel's use of intertextuality.
• Explore the theme of creation and destruction in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of trauma and PTSD.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of human rights and dignity.
• Analyze the novel's use of foreshadowing.
• Explore the theme of hubris in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of gender identity.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the Other.
• Analyze the novel's use of allusion.
• Explore the theme of justice and retribution in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of free will and determinism.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the monstrous.
• Analyze the novel's use of imagery.
• Explore the theme of memory and trauma in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of disability and difference.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of colonialism and imperialism.
• Analyze the novel's use of satire.
• Explore the theme of the double in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of madness and mental illness.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the body.
• Analyze the novel's use of irony and paradox.
• Explore the theme of exile and displacement in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of war and violence.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the supernatural and the uncanny.
• Analyze the novel's use of symbolism and allegory.
• Explore the theme of the doppelganger in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of trauma and grief.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the individual and society.
• Analyze the novel's use of intertextuality and allusion.
• Explore the theme of monstrosity in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of trauma and memory.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the family and domesticity.
• Analyze the novel's use of setting and atmosphere.
• Explore the theme of the grotesque in "Frankenstein."
• Examine the novel's treatment of violence and revenge.
• Discuss the novel's portrayal of the sublime and the beautiful.
• Analyze the novel's use of narrative voice and perspective. 73

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Home — Essay Samples — Literature — Books — Frankenstein

Essays on Frankenstein

Hook examples for "frankenstein" essays, monster or victim hook.

Is Frankenstein's creature truly a monstrous villain, or is he a victim of society's rejection and cruelty? Dive into the moral ambiguity of this iconic character and explore the depths of his humanity.

Mary Shelley's Inspiration Hook

Discover the intriguing story behind the creation of "Frankenstein." Explore Mary Shelley's life, her influences, and how this timeless novel emerged from the challenges and tragedies she faced.

Scientific Ambition Hook

Victor Frankenstein's relentless pursuit of scientific discovery leads to catastrophic consequences. Analyze the theme of scientific ambition and its ethical implications in the novel.

The Promethean Myth Hook

Frankenstein is often compared to the myth of Prometheus, who stole fire from the gods. Delve into how the novel explores themes of creation, rebellion, and the consequences of playing god.

The Pursuit of Knowledge Hook

Examine the characters' quests for knowledge in "Frankenstein" and how their thirst for understanding the unknown shapes their destinies. Consider the fine line between discovery and obsession.

Ethical Dilemmas Hook

"Frankenstein" raises profound ethical questions about the responsibilities of creators, the treatment of the other, and the consequences of one's actions. Explore these dilemmas and their relevance today.

Monstrosity of Society Hook

Discuss how "Frankenstein" critiques societal norms and prejudices. Analyze how the creature's rejection by society shapes his behavior and leads to his transformation into a true monster.

Gothic Elements Hook

Explore the Gothic elements in Mary Shelley's novel, from eerie settings to themes of isolation and horror. Consider how these elements contribute to the overall atmosphere and meaning of the story.

Modern Scientific Ethics Hook

Draw parallels between the novel's ethical dilemmas and contemporary debates on scientific advancements, cloning, and genetic engineering. Reflect on how "Frankenstein" remains relevant in today's world.

Examples of Prejudice in Frankenstein

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Comparing Frankenstein and The Delacey Family

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Good and Bad Sides of Frankenstein

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Social Norms in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley

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1818, Mary Shelley

Novel; Gothic Fiction, Horror Fiction, Science Fiction, Romance Novel, Soft Science Fiction

Victor Frankenstein, the monster, Robert Walton, Alphonse Frankenstein, Elizabeth Lavenza, Henry Clerval, William Frankenstein, Justine Moritz, Caroline Beaufort, Beaufort, Peasants, M. Waldman, M. Krempe, Mr. Kirwin

Shelley has been influenced by her parents, especially her father's "Enquiry Concerning Political Justice" and "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman". It also included ideas of galvanism, which have been extremely popular during the time the novel has been written.

Light and darkness, good and evil, fire, isolation, anger, unorthodox approach.

It has been the main theme of reanimating the dead, which became the pioneering theme in literary works, yet the most important and symbolic importance of this novel is the interaction between the scientist Victor Frankenstein and the nameless creature that he has brought to life. It can be summed up with the words of the monster: "I was benevolent and good, misery made me a fiend" (Shelley 90). It speaks of Victor's creating the being, yet it was the society that has created the monster.

The novel tells a story of a gifted scientist called Victor Frankenstein who manages to bring life to his own creation. The challenge is that his creation is not exactly what he has imagined. As a monster creature, he is rejected by his creator and mankind in general. The main idea is to see and explore regarding who the true monster is.

Mary Shelley was only 18 years old when she started Frankenstein . She was 20 years old when the book was published. The Frankenstein has been written in the shadow of a tragedy as Shelley has lost her newborn daughter. The most common misconception is that Frankenstein is the name of the monster, which has already become symbolic all over the world. In truth, the monster has no name at all. Frankenstein word comes from the name of the German castle not far from the Rhine River, literally meaning "Stone of the Franks''. It was the place where an odd alchemist called Konrad Dippel has tried to create an elixir of immortality. It was thought that it was Mary's father Percy Shelley who wrote the book since he also wrote the preface. The book has not been accepted by the critics and was called "absurd" and "disgusting" The full name of the book is Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus.

“Nothing is so painful to the human mind as a great and sudden change.” “Life, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it.” “I do know that for the sympathy of one living being, I would make peace with all. I have love in me the likes of which you can scarcely imagine and rage the likes of which you would not believe. If I cannot satisfy the one, I will indulge the other.” “Even broken in spirit as he is, no one can feel more deeply than he does the beauties of nature. The starry sky, the sea, and every sight afforded by these wonderful regions, seems still to have the power of elevating his soul from earth. Such a man has a double existence: he may suffer misery, and be overwhelmed by disappointments; yet, when he has retired into himself, he will be like a celestial spirit that has a halo around him, within whose circle no grief or folly ventures.” “How mutable are our feelings, and how strange is that clinging love we have of life even in the excess of misery!”

Although the story has been written a long time ago, it is still clear for contemporary readers because it can be related to scientific advancements, human relations, and AI. In a certain sense, it is the beginning of scientific fiction and the subject of "playing God". Mary Shelley's book is a warning to humanity and the scientists about responsibility with the main message being that science and technology can go way too far beyond the limitations. It proves that human beings must believe in the sanctity of our own being.

This book represents an essay topic for numerous academic fields from Data Science to Nursing and Education. Since it deals with ethics, responsibility, and being conscious about one's creations, it acts as the symbolic reflection of being the monster that we fear. The life of Victor Frankenstein is an example of scientists through decades, different countries and fields. It is a great warning for us all that we should not go too far.

1. Shelley, M., & Bolton, G. (2018). frankenstein. In Medicine and Literature (pp. 35-52). CRC Press. (https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9781315375670-4/frankenstein-mary-shelley-gillie-bolton) 2. Gigante, D. (2000). Facing the Ugly: The Case of" Frankenstein". Elh, 67(2), 565-587. (https://www.jstor.org/stable/30031925) 3. Sherwin, P. (1981). Frankenstein: Creation as catastrophe. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/pmla/article/abs/frankenstein-creation-as-catastrophe/40AFBF23476041ECF8A55827303A3D43 PMLA, 96(5), 883-903. 4. Heffernan, J. A. (1997). Looking at the monster:" Frankenstein" and film. Critical Inquiry, 24(1), 133-158. (https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/448869?journalCode=ci) 5. Guzman, A. (2013). International organizations and the Frankenstein problem. European Journal of International Law, 24(4), 999-1025. (https://academic.oup.com/ejil/article/24/4/999/606374) 6. Kunich, J. C. (2000). Mother Frankenstein, Doctor Nature, and the Environmental Law of Genetic Engineering. S. cal. L. rev., 74, 807. (https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/scal74&div=42&id=&page=) 7. Ginn, S. R. (2013). Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein: Exploring neuroscience, nature, and nurture in the novel and the films. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780444632876000099 Progress in Brain Research, 204, 169-190. 8. Holmes, R. (2016). Science fiction: The science that fed Frankenstein. https://www.nature.com/articles/535490a 9. Barns, I. (1990). Monstrous nature or technology?: Cinematic resolutions of the ‘Frankenstein Problem’. Science as Culture, 1(9), 7-48. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09505439009526278?journalCode=csac20) 10. Brooks, P. (1978). Godlike Science/Unhallowed Arts: Language and Monstrosity in Frankenstein. New Literary History, 9(3), 591-605. (https://www.jstor.org/stable/468457)

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Frankenstein

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Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus

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Discussion Questions

How does the creature’s revenge against Frankenstein ultimately lead to Frankenstein’s becoming like the creature?

Discuss the role of nature in the novel. What causes alienation from nature, and what is the result? How does one reconnect with nature? How does the grandeur of nature simultaneously comfort and alienate one further?

What is the role of women in the novel? Consider Elizabeth, Justine, Safie, Agatha, and even Robert’s sister Margaret. How does their passivity demonstrate 19th-century ideals for women?

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Frankenstein: Essay Topics & Samples

Choosing such a masterpiece to write about is a wise choice. Mary Shelley wasn’t even going to create this novel, so it is fair enough to doubt whether there is anything to analyze at all.

Our specialists will write a custom essay specially for you!

However, there are so many ideas for essay topics about Frankenstein ! The most prominent questions relate to moral values, gender inequality, power, and isolation.

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts is here to help you if you don’t know what to write about or have an abundance of choices. Check out the following list of 10 Frankenstein essay prompts that might inspire you to create an ideal paper.

• 💡 Essay Topics
• ✒️ Essay Samples

💡 Frankenstein: Essay Topics

• Who is the actual Monster in Frankenstein ? When referring to Mary Shelley’s work, some people mistakenly think that Frankenstein is the name of the Monster. However, it can give some food for thought. Isn’t Victor the real creature of evil in this story ? The essay on who the real Monster in Frankenstein might cause a debate!
• The role of women in Frankenstein . You may write an essay about feminism in Frankenstein by looking at the female characters’ role in the book. You might have noticed that women are described as strong individuals. They can endure any challenge and overcome significant losses in their lives.
• Consider an essay on romanticism in Frankenstein . Even in such a dark novel, romantic motifs are hiding between death scenes. Mary Shelly refers to poetry quite a lot in the book. Your task would be to trace this connection and analyze the influence of romanticism on the story.
• Frankenstein as a warning about the dark sides of science. In this Frankenstein analysis essay, you should focus on science’s power and how it can be destructive. Nowadays, scientists are eager to achieve the same aim to create life. However, is it safe to play Gods this way? What may be the consequences?
• Victor Frankenstein : antagonist or protagonist? At first, the reader would assume that the Monster represents all the evil in this world. Later, however, he seems to be only a mere victim. Write this essay about Victor Frankenstein’s character analysis. Is he a real villain after what he’s done?
• The theme of loneliness in Frankenstein . It seems like Victor simply can’t accept his responsibility for the Monster’s loneliness. They both become isolated by one means or another. Compliment your writing with strong arguments to prove your point. Don’t forget that using quotes is a great strategy that would be extremely useful in this Frankenstein essay.
• What are the fears of Mary Shelley hiding in Frankenstein ? Analyze the novel thoroughly to find its hidden meaning. There are themes of life and death, as well as the speeded up technological development. Some of them are the fears of the authors that may be relevant up to nowadays.
• Frankenstein : human ambition vs. nature. After reading the book, the reader finds Victor guilty of going against nature. But isn’t it what humans have been doing for centuries now? Where is the line? Have we crossed it yet? In this Frankenstein essay example, you are invited to look at the novel as a warning.
• Mary Shelley’s Monster: why do we tend to sympathize with him? In his desire for freedom from loneliness, the Monster tends to complain a lot. However, we don’t perceive his words as whining. We pity him as an abandoned creature destined to suffer. What makes it so easy to sympathize with him?
• The theme of sickness in Frankenstein . Most of the main characters in the novel get unwell. The worst case is Victor’s recurring sickness. Admittedly, it is the result of the enormous amounts of stress he faces. What is the role of this element, though? Is he trying to escape the problems this way? Discuss these questions in your Frankenstein essay.

✒️ Frankenstein: Essay Samples

Below you’ll find a collection of Frankenstein essay examples. Use them for inspiration!

• Human Companionship in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”
• The Science Debate: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• The Modern Prometheus: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• Injustice in Shelley’s Frankenstein and Milton’s Paradise Lost
• Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein: Key Themes
• The Family Relationship in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• “Young Frankenstein” by Mel Brooks
• The Modern Prometheus: Analysis of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
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Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist, creates a human-like creature in the course of a scientific experiment. But the beast murders his family and runs away. Science, religion, moral values, and persistence: which qualities make up a real human being? This Frankenstein Study Guide answers all your questions about the novel....

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This article by Custom-Writing.org experts contains the description of Frankenstein’s characters: Victor Frankenstein character traits, the Monster, Robert Walton, Henry Clerval, and others. In the first section, you’ll find a Frankenstein character map. 🗺️ Frankenstein: Character Map Below you’ll find a character map of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. 👨‍🔬 Victor...

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts provides an explanation of the themes of Frankenstein. The core issues represented in Mary Shelley’s book are: dangerous knowledge, nature, isolation, monstrosity, and revenge. Keep reading to learn more about the theme of Frankenstein for your class or essay! 🔑 What Are the Major Themes...

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts explains the symbolism in Frankenstein. The key symbols used by Shelley are fire and light. 🔥 Fire in Frankenstein Let’s start with the fact that the novel’s full title is Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. It is not a coincidence. We can draw a parallel...

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This article by Custom-Writing.org experts contains all the information about The Yellow Wallpaper’s characters: the narrator, John, Mary, and Jennie. At the end of the article, you’ll learn who Jane is and how she’s related to The Yellow Wallpaper’s main character. 🗺️ The Yellow Wallpaper: Character Map Below you’ll find...

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts provides a wide-ranging and diverse explanation of The Yellow Wallpaper’s themes. The core issues represented in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story are gender roles, mental illness, and freedom. Although the writer speaks about her own time, these themes are just as relevant today, if not...

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts contains a comprehensive analysis of literary devices in “The Yellow Wallpaper”: color symbolism, personification, point of view used by Gilman, foreshadowing, and an explanation of the ending’s meaning. 🌈 The Yellow Wallpaper: Symbolism How unfortunate is it that a woman has a mental breakdown just...

This article by Custom-Writing.org experts contains all you need to know about the events in “The Yellow Wallpaper”: a short summary, a plot infographic, and a detailed description of the story’s entries. In the first section, you’ll find a synopsis of what happened in “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins...

The Metamorphosis is one of Kafka’s best-known books. It is also one of the most intricate literary pieces in world literature. This is why coming up with an excellent The Metamorphosis essay topic can be challenging. The following list can help you to get started. See if any of these...

Since its publication in 1915, Kafka’s The Metamorphosis puzzled readers and critics all over the world. The story centers around Gregor Samsa’s transformation into a gigantic insect. The situation is both surreal and unusual. However, the writer proceeds with the story in a realistic manner. Nevertheless, there is a lot...

142 Frankenstein Essay Topics

🏆 best frankenstein essay topics, ✍️ frankenstein essay topics for college, 👍 good frankenstein research topics & essay examples, 🎓 most interesting frankenstein research paper topics, 💡 simple frankenstein essay titles, ❓ frankenstein essay questions, 📖 inspiring frankenstein thesis ideas.

• Frankenstein as a Gothic Novel and an Example of Romanticism
• Social Disapproval in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”
• Importance of Relationships and Family in Frankenstein
• The Modern Prometheus: Analysis of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• Isolation and Loneliness in Shelley’s “Frankenstein”
• Companionship in “Frankenstein”: The Theme of Human Connection
• The Self-Identity Problem in Frankenstein
• Shelley’s Frankenstein as “The Modern Prometheus” “Frankenstein,” Mary Shelley’s famous novel, which she wrote when she was just eighteen years old, continues to captivate people all over the world.
• Frankenstein: A Child in the Form of the Monster Viewing the creature Frankenstein as a child will reveal that he is a victim rather than a monster because he needed assistance to meet social norms.
• Responsibility in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” In Mary Shelley’s pen, a mad scientist’s quest for creation has a reckoning, where the shadows of responsibility loom large and the boundaries of life and death are shattered.
• Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Bioethics Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein provides an explicit example of how playing God can be dangerous. Victor should not have created the monster, as he had no viable reason and right to do so
• Injustice in Shelley’s Frankenstein and Milton’s Paradise Lost The monster created by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein and the character of Satan in Milton’s Paradise Lost are obsessed with the idea of injustice and revenge.
• Themes of Knowledge and Family in Shelley’s Frankenstein This paper examines the themes of knowledge and family comprehensively to illustrate how Shelley’s narrative of Frankenstein relates to the nineteenth century.
• Themes in “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley Frankenstein is one of the greatest books of the nineteenth century. Shelley explores many topics in her work that reflect social and philosophical aspects.
• Societal Monsters in Shelley’s “Frankenstein” and Achebe’s “Things Fall Apart” A special consideration requires different interpretations of social fear in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, Chinua Achebe’s literary masterpiece Things Fall Apart.
• Prejudice and Lost Innocence in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” raises quite a number of disturbing themes that still hold relevance for modern society.
• Themes Raised in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley In Frankenstein, Shelly addresses numerous themes such as prejudice, revenge, society and isolation, nature, and death, to name just a few.
• Frankenstein vs. Paradise Lost The main similarity between Adam and Frankenstein’s monster is that they both were created and both disappointed their creators.
• Communication with the Audience in Mary Shelly’s “Frankenstein” Mary Shelly is trying to convey the information that while technology and science have an essential part in human life, the two can only go as far.
• Feminist Connotations in Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Mary Shelley has cleverly and effectively integrated feminist connotations within the story of “Frankenstein”.
• Frankenstein vs. Monster: Characters Comparison This paper claims that Frankenstein’s unwillingness to accept responsibility for the fate of his creation led to his excruciating psychological suffering.
• “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley and “Lord of the Flies” by William Golding “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley and “Lord of the flies” by William Golding share the research on how the environment influences people and their inner nature.
• The Science Debate: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus, appeared at a time when the science fiction genre was only at the initial stage of its emergence and development.
• Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley was first published in 1818. John Wilson Croker’s review, published right after the novel was released, was negative.
• Mary Shelley’s Novel Frankenstein Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein can be used for discussing the limitations of human knowledge, the inability of a person to foresee the long-term effects of one’s actions
• Chapters 1-4 of “Frankenstein” and Suggestion of Future Events “Frankenstein” is the dramatic story of a scientist whose enthusiasm for science led to terrible consequences and personal misfortune.
• Frankenstein Mythology and Paleontology: Comparison The thirst for knowledge is universal for many scientific fields, but the novel “Frankenstein” by Shelley illustrates how it may carry one astray.
• “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the monster is the creation of Victor Frankenstein that was assembled from old body parts and unknown chemicals.
• Analyzing “Frankenstein” Written by Mary Shelly Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelly, is among the most well-known gothic novels, combining scientific and fantastic elements.
• Who Is the Monster, or Who Are the Monsters, in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley? Primary healthcare is meeting the needs of the population (each person, family, and community) by providing medical services at the first contact with the health system.
• Concept of the Monster in Frankenstein The paper discusses that the Monster in Frankenstein can be described as a metaphor for the relationship between humans and gods.
• The Novel “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley The Novel “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley raises a number of questions, each defined by a difficult choice to take into consideration.
• Romeo, Juliet, Ishmael Beah, and Victor Frankenstein This article presents the script for a play dedicated to the adventures of Romeo, Juliet, Ishmael Beah, and Victor Frankenstein.
• The Book “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley Mary Shelley’s novel about Frankenstein and his Creature reveals many human vices and cruelty. There is also a place in the story for love and remorse.
• “Frankenstein” Story Retold by Anna Meriano “Frankenstein” by Anna Meriano, is a fancy, captivating retelling of the worldwide known legend, the story of a creature seeking love that began in the writings of Mary Shelly.
• Shelley’s Frankenstein: The Monster’s Description The purpose of this paper is to discuss the main characteristics of the image of the monster and understand what the author put into this image.
• Shelley’s “Frankenstein”: Analysis of Frankenstein’s Character The story about Frankenstein and his monster raises many questions. People cannot decide what is more important in making a person, nature or nurture.
• The Monsters We Create: Analyzing Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” “Frankenstein” addresses some of the crucial issues of scientific exploration and the juxtaposition of nature and human nature, as well as being a metaphor for ostracism.
• Frankenstein by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley’s novel Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus addresses conventional romantic themes like isolation and beauty of nature.
• Analiz work “Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein” Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a world-famous novel about an ambitious scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who finds out the secret of life and creates a monstrous creature from old body parts.
• English Literature: Frankenstein by Shelley Victor Frankenstein grew up in a wealthy Swiss family. As a young man, he became interested in science and especially the theory of what gives and takes life from human beings.
• Great Fictional Icons in the Nineteenth Century: Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus” Frankenstein is rendered in opulent Gothic prose. It delves into the intricacies of the human mind and reflects on the ambitions of man, his purpose and his relation to God.
• The Modern Prometheus: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Almost two centuries have passed since the first publication of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Today, the monster created by Victor Frankenstein is a well-recognized character.
• Science in Shelley’s “Frankenstein” and Condorcet’s Works This paper compares Condorcet’s opinion on human happiness and the destruction of prejudice in science with Shelley’s perspective on the role of science in human life.
• Frankenstein and His Use of Science
• Frankenstein: Abandonment, Loneliness, and Rejection
• Frankenstein and Human Nature
• The Debate Between Fate and Free Will in Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and King Lear: A Look Into Religion, Politics, and Literature
• Frankenstein and Male Reproduction
• Emotion Over Reason: Frankenstein and the Great Gatsby
• Frankenstein and Genetic Modification
• Frankenstein and the Human Mind
• Creature and Victor Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and Natural Order
• Doctor Frankenstein’s International Organization
• Feminine Nature and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• Frankenstein: Embryonic Stem Cell and Curiosity
• The Creative Symbolism Woven Into Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and the Romantic Era
• Frankenstein and His Creation Gone Wrong: Who Is the Real Victim Anyway
• Frankenstein: Aesthetics and Memory Box
• Discovering the True Nature of Frankenstein
• Frankenstein Less Human Than His Creation
• Frankenstein and Percy Shelley’s Moral Science
• Frankenstein and Unforeseen Consequence
• Family Values and Frankenstein
• Frankenstein: Cultural Criticism Critique
• Frankenstein and Secret Waiting
• Biblical Adam and the Creature in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and the Modern Pandora
• Frankenstein and His Creature Are the Same People
• Euthanasia and Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and the Industrial Revolution
• Frankenstein and Gothic Literature
• Destiny and Frankenstein
• Comparing Candide and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and Societal Norms
• Birth Traumas and Frankenstein
• Frankenstein Challenging Extreme Romantic and Enlightenment
• Comparing Frankenstein, Aylmer, and Dr. Phillips
• Existence Issues Surrounding Frankenstein’s Monster
• Family Relations and Alienation in Frankenstein
• Symbolism and Autobiographical Elements in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and Science
• The Characters, Conflict, and Plot in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• Frankenstein and His Monster
• Frankenstein Explain How the Character of the Monster Develops
• Dangerous Knowledge Was All Throughout the Novel Frankenstein
• Frankenstein and the Effects of Isolation
• Frankenstein: Lust, Love, and Sin
• Exploring the Many Themes in the Novel Frankenstein
• Byronic Hero: Manfred and Frankenstein
• Sympathy for the Monster in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• Faust and Victor Frankenstein: Unconcerned With Reality
• Does Frankenstein Deserve His Fate?
• Frankenstein and Rur: Depiction of Human Behavior
• Frankenstein and Human Cloning
• Dr. Victor Frankenstein and the Artificial Life
• Frankenstein and the Role of Parents in the Process of Childs Development
• Frankenstein and Blade Runner: Disruption and Identity
• Ecocriticism and Frankenstein
• Frankenstein Being More Human Than Monster
• Frankenstein and Blade Runner: Dangerous Implications of Scientific and Technological Development
• What Is the Specter of Orality in “Frankenstein”?
• What Are the Approaches to Teaching Shelley’s “Frankenstein”?
• What Is the Dilemma of Creator and Creation in “Frankenstein”?
• What Is the Narrative Structure and Reader Skepticism in “Frankenstein”?
• How Godlike Science and Unhallowed Arts Are Depicted in “Frankenstein”?
• How the Character of the Monster Develops in “Frankenstein”?
• What Is the Significance of the Birthing Scene in “Frankenstein”?
• Which Story Is More Terrifying: “Dracula” or “Frankenstein”?
• How Does Isolation Play a Big Role in the Novel “Frankenstein”?
• How Does Mary Shelley Convey Horror to the Reader in “Frankenstein”?
• What Is the Main Conflict in Frankenstein?
• How Does Mary Shelley Explore Suffering in “Frankenstein”?
• How Does the Language in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Reflect Its Gothic Genre?
• How Forbidden Topics Are Transferred as Gothic in “Frankenstein”?
• What Are the Female Roles and Responsibilities in “Frankenstein”?
• What Does Light and Fire Represent in “Frankenstein”?
• What Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Suggests About Parenting?
• Who Was Mary Shelley and What Inspired “Frankenstein”?
• Why Does “Frankenstein” Begin and End With Walton’s Letters
• What Is the Historical Background of “Frankenstein”?
• What Are the Major Themes in “Frankenstein”?
• What Philosophers Influenced “Frankenstein” and How?
• How Does “Frankenstein” Relate to the Real World?
• What Is the Philosophy of “Frankenstein”?
• How Does “Frankenstein” Represent the Enlightenment?
• What Is the Main Idea of the Introduction of “Frankenstein”?
• What Is the Last Line of “Frankenstein” and What Does It Mean?
• The Sympathetic Monster Trope Discuss the trope of the sympathetic monster and its impact on readers’ perceptions of the creature.
• Critical Analysis of Victor Frankenstein’s God Complex Examining how Victor Frankenstein’s scientific ambitions intersect with notions of playing God and the ethical implications of his actions in the context of romanticism.
• Mary Shelley’s Feminist Vision Analyzing how Mary Shelley’s personal experiences and beliefs are reflected in the novel’s themes, particularly those related to women’s roles and autonomy.
• Frankenstein in Popular Culture Revealing the enduring influence of “Frankenstein” on literature, film, and other forms of media, and its portrayal in various adaptations.
• The Gothic and Romantic Elements Discussing the incorporation of gothic and romantic literary elements in “Frankenstein” and their contribution to its overall atmosphere.
• Religious and Moral Parallels Exploring the novel’s intersections with spiritual and moral themes, including the creation narrative and the concept of playing God.
• Ethics of Scientific Discovery Investigating the ethical responsibilities of scientists in pursuit of knowledge, drawing parallels to contemporary discussions on scientific ethics.
• Narrative Structure and Multiple Perspectives Assessing the use of multiple narrative perspectives and their impact on understanding the story’s themes and characters.
• Eco-Critical Readings of “Frankenstein” Exploring environmental and ecological themes in the novel and their relevance to contemporary eco-critical discussions.
• Enlightenment Ideas and Romantic Critique Analyzing how “Frankenstein” engages with Enlightenment ideals of progress and reason and the romantic critique of these ideals.

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StudyCorgi . 2022. "142 Frankenstein Essay Topics." March 1, 2022. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/frankenstein-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Frankenstein were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on December 28, 2023 .

Frankenstein - Free Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

Frankenstein is a novel by Mary Shelley, often heralded as one of the first pieces of science fiction, exploring themes of creation, ambition, and the moral implications of scientific advancement. Essays on “Frankenstein” could delve into these themes, the character analysis of Victor Frankenstein and the Creature, and the novel’s enduring legacy in literature and popular culture. Moreover, discussions might extend to the novel’s influence on the genre of science fiction and horror. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to Frankenstein you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Novel “Frankenstein” : Roles of Gender

Throughout reading the novel Frankenstein, I thought it was indeed interesting how Mary Shelley incorporated themes of gender and the aspect of creation. Mary Shelley uses her own life experiences to shape her works and to gain ideas to integrate social issues into her work. Mary Shelley portrays the problems and incorporates them throughout the book and touches on the aspect of social hierarchies of gender, which inherently value men over women. In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, issues of gender and […]

Who is the Real Monster in Frankenstein

Monsters in literature are normally characterized as a creature that possesses some type of inhuman qualities or deformities, is perceived as evil, and has no compassion for mankind. The term monster can also refer to a person who has done a terrible thing in life that poorly affects others around them. In literature, outcasts are people who are not wanted and are rejected by society. In the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, many readers label the creature as a monster […]

The American and the French Revolutions

The right of revolution was an idea proposed by Enlightenment Philosopher John Locke, which inspired and challenged the colonies in America and the people of France to revolt. Displeased with their current positions with their governments, they mustered up the courage and strength to challenge authority. Through their battles and hardships, both revolutions sought a government that mirrored the Enlightenment beliefs of natural rights, power of the people, and equality. With those goals in mind, they demonstrated the idea that […]

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Gothic Elements in Frankenstein

Mary Shelley lived and wrote her novel Frankenstein during the peak of the romantic era of literature in the early 1800's. She shows this as her work reflects many of the key elements that are associated with romanticism. In Frankenstein, Shelley also utilizes many of the elements of gothic literature. Shelley uses many of the conventions aligned with romantic and gothic literature in Frankenstein's setting, subject matter, characterization, and plot to portray her overall tone and mood in the novel. […]

Physical Appearance in Frankenstein

The main theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is the importance of appearance which correlates to the idea of acceptance in modern society. Today's society, as well as in the society of Frankenstein, people judge one often solely on their looks. Social prejudice is often based on looks, whether it be the pigments that make up someone's skin color, the facial features that one has and the clothes that a person wears. Society makes rapid judgments based on these and other […]

Differences between French, Russian and American Revolutions

A revolution is a successful attempt made by a large group of people to change / challenge the political system of their country. People who are willing to engage and take action in a revolution are trying to fix the struggles in justice, reminding people not to forget the future against the past. People who want to change the political system are looking out for the future of their country. Revolution was the only way average people or citizens felt […]

Frankenstein Revenge

In her novel ?Frankenstein?, Mary Shelley shows that both Frankenstein and his creature are obsessed with revenge through their strong emotional language and obsessive actions, yet neither of them wins and gets revenge in the end. After Victor Frankenstein is threatened by the creature after destroying his nearly complete bride, Frankenstein states that he “?burned with rage to pursue the murderer of my peace and precipitate him into the ocean. I walked up and down my room hastily and perturbed, […]

Family Relations and Alienation in “Frankenstein”

In today's fast-paced world, it is important to build connections and relationships with people and society. Being able to bond with surroundings, is key for living a healthy and happy life. Family is what helps humans build their foundations and are able to learn and succeed with the support of them. In Mary Shelley's novel, Frankenstein, the lack of connection the characters have to either their family or society leads them to murder, hopelessness and tragedy. Specifically Victor and his […]

Shelley about Romanticism Versus the Enlightenment

In the novel, "Frankenstein," Mary Shelley uses various elements of both mysterious and romantic literature to convey her indictment of the Enlightenment thinking over the use of her characters displayed throughout the novel. Being written in the time of the Romantic era, Shelley uses vivid language to portray her objection of the Enlightenment age as it influenced many people to use logical reasoning and science to disregard barbarism and superstition from the World. In Frankenstein, Shelley's response to this ideology […]

Frankenstein Dangerous Knowledge

Isolation is a dangerous act. Whether it is forced by the ones around us or a choice made by us to be alone isolation separates the victim from society damaging them emotionally. In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, the monster, Frankenstein's monster, comes to know the true act of isolation. The monster was not only cast out by the townspeople but by his creator. Their prejudiced views of the monster as only that, a monster, turned him into what they truly sought […]

Frankenstein Isolation

One theme presented in Marry Shelley's book Frankenstein is the theme of isolation. Right from the beginning, someone has felt isolated from someone else. The three characters consistently developed the theme of isolation are Victor, the Creature, and Elizabeth. Though the three experience isolation, their isolation experience differs. Unlike the Creature and Elizabeth, Victor chose to isolate himself from people. This is evidenced from right when he was working on his research and when he tries to create a life. […]

Dark Romanticism

“Words have no power to impress the mind without the exquisite horror of their reality” (Edgar Allan Poe). Dark Romanticism is a literary movement that made waves that still resonate today within modern horror and pop culture, from Frankenstein to Dracula many recognizable names came from this era of writing. From the subjects covered by the many influential authors of the era to how it still has a place within modern writing, Dark Romanticism, a writing movement that began in […]

Feminism Represented through Frankenstein Characters

Frankenstein is known all over for being about a monster that loses control and kills people, but no one talks about some of the topics that Mary Shelley portrays in the novel. This book seems male dominant. The females play a big role, but not in the way that big roles are usually played. Women seem to hide from playing a part in Frankenstein, but Mary Shelley finds a way to display feminism in the book and that is how […]

Discrimination and Prejudice in Frankenstein

During our human history, prejudice and discrimination have existed. Prejudice refers to the irrational and inflexible attitudes that members of a particular group hold about members of another group (Sibley and Duckitt 248). Prejudices are either harmful or positive. Both forms of prejudice are usually preconceived by the people who hold them and are extremely difficult to alter (Stephan, Cookie and Stephan 33). The negative form of prejudices leads to discrimination- unjust behaviors that holders of negative prejudice direct against […]

Philosophy of Dualism and Materialism in “Frankenstein”

In Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein, the philosophies of dualism and materialism can be found through the story's main characters, Victor Frankenstein and the Creature. Throughout the novel, the decisions that both make and their justifications for those decisions are rooted in both dualistic and materialistic ideas. In the scene leading up to the creation to the Creature as well as the scene itself, much of Victor's decision to even try such a feit stems from a materialistic standpoint, using science […]

The French Revolution Within Frankenstein

Almost twenty years after the end of the French Revolution, Mary Shelley published her gothic horror novel, Frankenstein, in 1818. Shelley grew up with parents who were intellectual radicals (Sterrenburg 143). Yet, she was detached from radicalism and opted for a more conservative perspective (Sterrenburg 143). She did a vast amount of readings on the French Revolution (Sterrenburg 143). By extensively studying the ideas around the revolution, it is not a surprise that they appear embedded through her work, more […]

American, French and Mexican Revolutions

When it comes to the American Revolution, there was one individual that gave American people an idea of what they should be fighting for. John Locke’s idea of “life, liberty, and estate” heavily inspired Thomas Jefferson’s “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” when fighting against the British. So why did the Americans revolt? What beliefs did they have? One thing the American, French, and Mexican revolutions have in common is that their governments were corrupt. The Colonists called for […]

The Role of Science in Frankenstein

Mary Shelley tells a story of a scientist who creates a hideous creature in the novel Frankenstein. Victor Frankenstein is an amazing, smart scientist who admired human anatomy, and soon decided to create his own creature. Who is more at fault for the monsters behavior, Victor or the monster? If you were in the monsters position would you become a murderer for revenge? The monster is often viewed as the antagonist, however is Victor Frankenstein the reason many people in […]

Frankenstein and Gothic Literature

The character's identity and outward appearance interferes with the norms of the hierarchical societies in which they live. Thus, preventing them from experiencing life outside of the isolated confinement they are subjected to. While experiencing a constant conflict with acceptance it strikes the curiosity inside them. In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, the experience of loneliness and obsession of science drives Victor Frankenstein to assume the role of God by reanimating a corpse. The horror presented derives from the source of control […]

Creation of Life in “Frankenstein”

The next major aspect of the novel that I would like to focus on is the creation of Frankenstein. This will include dissecting the experience into pieces, such as the use of technology, the role of God and religion and the reason behind creating the monster. In the novel, technology is used in correlation with the creation of Frankenstein. Victor says, I collected bones from charnel houses; and distributed, with profane fingers, the tremendous secrets of the human frame (Shelley […]

Foster’s Chapter “Every Trip is a Quest” in “Frankenstein”

In Foster's Chapter, Every Trip Is A Quest , he implies that every journey is a quest and every quest has to have a quester, a place to go, a stated reason to go there, challenges and trials along the way, and a real reason to go. When a character goes on a quest, he goes with intentions on fulfilling the originally stated reason, but once he is on the quest, he never ends up going for that originally stated […]

Economic Crisis Druing the French Revolution

The economic issues made by the French kings additionally added to the Revolution. Amid the eighteenth century, the French government spent more cash than it gathered in expenses. By 1788, the nation was bankrupt. Arthur Young, an Englishmen, and spectator, who ventured out to France from 1787 to 1789 furiously portray the living conditions of the workers in his book Travels in France (Campbell, 18). The measure of expense every individual must pay is out of line. Landholders found in […]

The History of Frankenstein in Film

From the dawn of the cinematic age, both horror and science fiction films have been shown throughout every cinema available. More common, however, were films based upon previously written works such as books or plays as they were easy to adapt from one medium to another. In 1910, Edison studios released what would inevitably lead to a cultural shift around the plot of one of the most famous, if not the most famous gothic novels: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818). The […]

Isolation: Frankenstein and the Heart of Darkness

As humans we are naturally inclined to socialize with each other. There are times when we don’t want to be surrounded by others and just by ourselves, but prolonging that isolation can be detrimental to one’s psyche. Isolation can lead to stress levels rising, poor sleep, immune system dysfunction, and even cognitive depreciation (Psychology Today). In Heart of Darkness ?by Joseph Conrad, we see through Marlow’s eyes the descent of the antagonist Kurtz due to prolonged isolation in the wild […]

Technology and Morality in Shelley’s “Frankenstein”

In Frankenstein, Shelley addresses her concerns regarding human advancement by using a framed narrative that includes parallels, foils, and allusions in order to express that many people are unaware of the consequences of their actions because their hubris and ambition blinds them. This tends to disrupt the balance of society. Shelley’s framed structure leads us gradually to the central ideas of her novel and has us question our own society as a whole. The intention of each narrative in the […]

Victor Frankenstein in “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley

Frankenstein tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a scientist in the 18th century. The story begins with a letter from Captain Walton to his sister. The first letter is dated 17--. In Walton's letters, he tells his sister of his encounter with the scientist Victor Frankenstein. Victor becomes consumed with discovering the secret of creating life. In his pursuit of this knowledge, Victor creates a living creature made of body parts of corpses. Victor is successful in creating life, but […]

How Technology Changed Society

Technology has dramatically changed society in ways people never imagined. Before the dawn of modern-day technology, life was troublesome and everyday tasks like chores or transport consumed too much of humans’ effort and time. Now, because of technology human can communicate, transport, and work faster than ever. Due to the efficiency of tech, humans’ lives have been eased tremendously and almost all humans live in comfort. In the 21st Century, technology and human life are inseparable; society these days depends […]

Frankenstein Book Review

In the book “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley, it is clear to lay the blame upon Victor Frankenstein. The definition of blame is the assignation of responsibility towards someone/something for a fault or wrong. Victor’s love and passion for science led to a monstrous idea and ended up killing three people. While his pride was a driving force, abandoning the creature was not a smart move. Due to the fact that his idea was matched with the act of doing gives […]

Frankenstein: the Cruelty he Faced

For centuries, society has placed stereotypes on those individuals who are different. Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein is an example of one specific stereotype, which is the discrimination of a person because of a physical deformity. Frankenstein shows how social prejudices against physical deformities can automatically classify a person as bad or monstrous. In gothic novels, visual codes were used to identify good from bad and socially acceptable from socially unacceptable. By using these codes, it was possible to tell if […]

Frankenstein Critical Analysis

In Mary Shelley's novel, Frankenstein, isolation is a motif, or recurring idea with symbolic importance, revealed throughout the story between two characters, Victor Frankenstein, and his scientifically animated monster, the Creature. They both engage in acts and narratives of projecting the consequential dogma of isolation, that inevitably isolation results negatively and perpetuates misanthropy. Victor on one hand is an obsessive personality, lost in his studies he removes himself from very much human contact and engaging society. It results in his […]

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How To Write an Essay About Frankenstein

Introduction to mary shelley's frankenstein.

Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" is a seminal work of Gothic literature that explores themes of creation, responsibility, and the nature of humanity. In the introduction of your essay, set the stage by briefly summarizing the novel's plot, which centers around Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a sentient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. Highlight the novel's key themes, such as the dangers of unchecked scientific ambition, the quest for knowledge, and the moral implications of playing God. This introduction should provide a snapshot of the novel’s key elements and the thematic explorations you will delve into, laying the groundwork for a critical examination of Shelley's work.

Analyzing Themes and Characters

In the body of your essay, focus on a detailed exploration of the novel's central themes. Discuss the theme of creation and the consequences of Victor Frankenstein's pursuit of scientific discovery without ethical boundaries. Analyze the creature’s development and his quest for identity and companionship, which turns into a desire for revenge against his creator. Explore the novel's exploration of isolation, both self-imposed and societal, as experienced by Victor and his creature. Additionally, examine the characters' relationships and how they contribute to the novel's themes, using specific examples from the text to support your analysis. Each paragraph should focus on a different theme or character, weaving a comprehensive understanding of Shelley’s narrative.

The Novel's Context and Shelley's Writing

It's important to contextualize "Frankenstein" within its historical and literary background. Discuss the significance of the novel being written during the early 19th century, a time of significant scientific advancement and romantic literary movement. Explore how Shelley’s personal experiences and the scientific context of her time influenced the themes and style of "Frankenstein." Additionally, consider the novel's structure, narrative technique, and use of symbolism and imagery. This part of the essay should demonstrate an understanding of how "Frankenstein" not only reflects the time in which it was written but also contributes to the genre of science fiction.

Concluding Reflections

Conclude your essay by summarizing the key points of your analysis and reaffirming the novel's significance in literary history. Reflect on the enduring relevance of "Frankenstein" in modern times, particularly in discussions about scientific ethics, the boundaries of human endeavor, and the consequences of technological advancement. Consider the novel's impact on readers and its role in shaping subsequent literary and cultural narratives. A strong conclusion will not only encapsulate your insights but also underscore the novel's continued importance, encouraging readers to reflect on its themes in the context of today's world.

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Frankenstein: Themes

What is the theme of Frankenstein ? We can’t say that there is one main one. Among the key themes are fate, love, revenge, family, nature, and science. So, welcome to the page where our editorial team has explored them! Here you’ll find Frankenstein family tree and a detailed thematic analysis of Shelley’s novel.

• 🗝️ Key Themes

⏳ Fate vs. Free Will

👩‍❤️‍👨 family & affection, 🐺 loneliness & isolation, 🔍 exploration & science.

• 🗺️ Navigation

🎓 References

🗝️ key themes in frankenstein.

The key themes in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley are: fate & free will, nature, family & affection, loneliness & isolation, revenge, love, exploration & science, women & feminism.

Fate in Frankenstein

The conflict between fate and free will holds a special place in literature. Fate, in Frankenstein , catalyzes many characters’ actions and decisions, whether it be Victor’s fate to create a beast or Frankenstein’s Monster’s fate to become a murderer. The characters tend to blame destiny for all the sad consequences of their bad deeds.

Fate and Free Will in Literature

Fate is known as the development of events in a way predestined by a supernatural power. The meaning of the term “free will” suggests that a man is capable of influencing events by taking responsibility for his actions.

Throughout the novel, the theme of destiny and man’s will runs like a golden thread between other Frankenstein themes. Although characters like Victor Frankenstein and Robert Walton are described as ambitious and goal-oriented, their decisions seem to be predetermined by the power of fate. Both characters crave fame and glory, and both take conscious steps towards achieving their goals – Walton arranges the journey towards the North Pole, and Victor delves himself into the study of natural sciences. However, they still attribute these actions to Heaven’s demand rather than to their own will.

There is no actual confrontation between fate and free will in Frankenstein’s reasoning, as he willingly bows to the rule of destiny. There are many fate quotes in the novel supporting this statement. When Mr. Waldman inspires Victor to continue his studies, he attributes the professor’s words to “the words of the fate – enounced to destroy [him].” When the Monster, the result of his endeavors, kills his entire family, Victor again refuses to hold himself responsible and blames the destiny, “I, a miserable wretch, haunted by a curse that shut up every avenue to enjoyment.”

In literature, the tendency to rely on fate originates in Greek philosophy. One can recall Sophocles’s Oedipus, who was destined to murder his father and marry his mother, or Homer’s Achilles, who, from his youth, was blessed by the Gods to become the hero of Troy. However, heroes of Greek myths knew their fate and tried to avoid it, while Frankenstein ’s characters first take actions, and later blame Heavens for their failures.

The only character who tries to resist his fate is the Monster. From the first minutes of his life, he was doomed to face rejection. His destiny, though, was shaped not by Gods but by a man, his creator. The Monster confronts his fate and decides to avenge the man for his misfortunes. “Yet mine shall not be the submission of abject slavery. I will revenge my injuries,” he resolves.

Fate: Quotes from Frankenstein

“The God of heaven forgive me! Ever since I was condemned, my confessor has besieged me; he threatened and menaced, until I almost began to think that I was the monster that he said I was. He threatened excommunication and hell fire in my last moments if I continued obdurate.” Justine Moritz

“I was formed for peaceful happiness. During my youthful days discontent never visited my mind… But I am a blasted tree; the bolt has entered my soul; and I felt then that I should survive to exhibit what I shall soon cease to be–a miserable spectacle of wrecked humanity, pitiable to others and intolerable to myself.” Victor Frankenstein

“How all this will terminate, I know not, but I had rather die than return shamefully, my purpose unfulfilled. Yet I fear such will be my fate; the men, unsupported by ideas of glory and honour, can never willingly continue to endure their present hardships.” Victor Frankenstein

Nature in Frankenstein

Mary Shelley pictures nature in Frankenstein as beautiful and majestic but frightening and omnipotent at the same time. Victor and the creature find peace and consolation in nature in the moments of despair. When Frankenstein defies its laws by creating the Monster, nature punishes him. It no longer serves as the source of comfort but turns into an intimidating providence.

Romanticism & Nature

During the period of Romanticism , nature became one of the key themes in literature. As many examples of literary works demonstrate, appeal to the natural world was a response to the scientific progress and industrial revolution. Writers pictured nature not only as a healing source but also as a sublime and frightening power that prevailed over human capabilities.

Nature Theme in Literature

The nature theme has always been essential for poets and writers. In the Era of Romanticism, it became especially evident. Romantic writers treated nature not so much as a passive background against which events unfold, but more as a character on its own. They believed the beauty of nature was able to restore strength and influence emotions as well as to be a harbinger of tragedies. Romantics invariably equated nature with God, attributing magical powers to it.

Among authors of the Romantic period who worshiped nature, was Lord Byron, a famous poet and a close friend of Mary Shelley . In Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage , he wrote,

There is a pleasure in the pathless woods, There is a rapture on the lonely shore, There is society, where none intrudes, By the deep sea, and music in its roar: I love not man the less, but nature more.

For Mary Shelley, the nature theme, among other themes in Frankenstein , serves as a key instrument to explore characters’ personalities. Her characters repeatedly turn to nature in search of solace and relief. For them, turning to nature was akin to returning home, to the Mother of all living things, to the roots. Having created a living creature from inanimate matter, Victor thereby betrayed Mother nature and paid a high price for it. His creature assembled from dead pieces is, by definition, a product of an unnatural process.

Through the Monster’s character, Mary Shelley addresses the everlasting debate: Nature vs. Nurture, and answers the question – whether one enters the world a villain or he gradually turns into one due to surrounding circumstances? The creature’s life story demonstrates that although born without biological parents to inherit either good or bad genes from, he was benevolent and innocent at heart. It was the cruel treatment of people that made him a beast.

Frankenstein: Nature Quotes

“Even broken in spirit as he is, no one can feel more deeply than he does the beauties of nature. The starry sky, the sea, and every sight afforded by these wonderful regions seem still to have the power of elevating his soul from earth.” Henry Clerval

“Spring advanced rapidly; the weather became fine and the skies cloudless… My senses were gratified and refreshed by a thousand scents of delight and a thousand sights of beauty.” the Monster

“Tears streamed from my eyes. The rain had ceased for a moment, and I saw the fish play in the waters as they had done a few hours before; they had then been observed by Elizabeth. Nothing is so painful to the human mind as a great and sudden change. The sun might shine or the clouds might lower, but nothing could appear to me as it had done the day before.” Victor Frankenstein

Family in Frankenstein

In Frankenstein , the family theme is prominent. Throughout history, it has been playing an essential role in the development of a person. Using the example of Alphonse, Victor’s father, and his household, Mary Shelley shows how vital it is to have a healthy family relationship. Meanwhile, the Monster’s story illustrates how destructive the absence of such bonds can be.

Frankenstein Family Tree

Family Theme in Literature

There is no bigger influence on the way a human being is developed than that of his family. Intimate bonds with parents, or in some cases, the absence thereof, make people who they are. A man can never experience emotional intimacy to the full extent if his upbringing lacks the closeness of family ties.

Literary works of all times touched on a theme of family relationships. Starting with ancient Greek myths, one can trace how the attitude towards the family concept developed in different periods of human history.

The Greek tragedian, Sophocles, in stories about Oedipus, addresses family themes by making one of his characters, Antigone, to risk everything to ensure her brother’s proper burial. Antigone is willing to disobey the king because she values the memory of her brother higher than the ruler’s order.

In books of the 16-17th centuries, the compliance of children with parents’ wishes was equivalent to humanity’s obedience to God. For a child to disobey a parent would almost mean to condemn himself to death. This attitude was dictated by the tremendous influence of religion on people’s lives at that time, and examples of such views on the family institution can be found in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet .

Similarly, the famous English novelist, Jane Austen, in her Pride and Prejudice , pictures a family as an unbreakable unit where obligations of parents and children before each other are established in a strict way.

In Frankenstein, themes of family bonds and affection are addressed through the author’s focus on the responsibility that a parent, or a creator, holds before his child. While Victor’s parents raised him in love and did everything to ensure his happiness, Frankenstein failed to hold himself accountable for the creature he gave life to. The Monster entered the world, having no idea what good and bad was. He had no one to take care of him or set an example for him. Thus, the reader hesitates to blame the Monster for all the terrible tragedies he caused. It was not his evil soul that pushed him towards murdering people, but the lack of family bonds that he longed for so desperately.

Family: Quotes from Frankenstein

“I remained for several years their only child. Much as they were attached to each other, they seemed to draw inexhaustible stores of affection from a very mine of love to bestow them upon me… I was their plaything and their idol, and something better–their child…” Victor Frankenstein

“Get well–and return to us. You will find a happy, cheerful home and friends who love you dearly.” Elizabeth Lavenza

“Do you think, Victor,.. that I do not suffer also? No one could love a child more than I loved your brother,.. but is it not a duty to the survivors that we should refrain from augmenting their unhappiness by an appearance of immoderate grief? It is also a duty owed to yourself, for excessive sorrow prevents improvement or enjoyment, or even the discharge of daily usefulness, without which no man is fit for society.” Alphonse Frankenstein

Loneliness in Frankenstein

The theme of loneliness in Frankenstein is first addressed through Walton’s complaints to his sister about not having a friend to share joys and sorrows of his journey. Later, all characters of the novel experience loneliness in one or the other way, but it is mostly evident in the examples of Victor and the Monster.

Isolation in Frankenstein

Isolation in Frankenstein is represented through the two main characters, Victor and the Monster. Many articles on the topic suggest that although the reasons for the characters’ alienation from the world are differently (in the context of Victor’s story, it is a self-made choice, for the creature – it is a forced circumstance), the consequences are equally destructive for both.

Loneliness & Isolation in Literature

Starting from the Biblical story of Adam and Eve exiled from Heaven, the theme of isolation, and therefore, loneliness, found its reflection in many literary works. The Era of Romanticism made the theme even more prominent. The literature of that period often used social alienation, among other effects, to explore the characters’ strengths and limitations.

Among novels in which the theme of loneliness serves as a critical factor for shaping characters’ personalities is Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre . Jane’s social alienation is mainly connected with her “physical inferiority.” Because of her “pale and timid” look, she feels like an outcast. Moreover, she is an orphan, and her aunt mistreats her making Jane’s isolation even more distinct. In this regard, Jane is very similar to Mary Shelley’s Monster, who also experiences social rejection due to his ugly appearance and cruel treatment of people.

Another author for whom loneliness and isolation were the prime themes to explore human’s emotional anguish was Edgar Allan Poe. Like Victor in Frankenstein , the narrator of Poe’s Raven intentionally isolates himself from the world and gets driven into a total madness by depression and loneliness.

In Frankenstein , the Monster openly states that he would not turn into a beast if it were not for the rejection he faced on the part of his creator and people in general. He is the one who seeks compassion and interaction. His isolation is not his choice, but the decision of Victor who gave him life and later abandoned. Frankenstein, on the other hand, sought inspiration in estrangement from society. He dreamed of becoming something bigger than just a good husband or a trustworthy friend. He wanted to become God. This resulted in a tragedy that left him alone in the entire world.

Pondering over Frankenstein’s themes, one might notice that Mary Shelley often refers to Coleridge’s poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Both, the mariner and Victor Frankenstein, indirectly caused the death of people that were dear to them and had to live in repentance for their deeds. Considering this, one can conclude that self-inflicted isolation can simultaneously be the major cause of evil and the punishment for it.

Loneliness: Quotes from Frankenstein

“In a solitary chamber, or rather cell, at the top of the house, and separated from all the other apartments by a gallery and staircase, I kept my workshop of filthy creation; my eyeballs were starting from their sockets in attending to the details of my employment.” Victor Frankenstein

“Believe me, Frankenstein, I was benevolent; my soul glowed with love and humanity; but am I not alone, miserably alone? You, my creator, abhor me; what hope can I gather from your fellow creatures, who owe me nothing? They spurn and hate me. The desert mountains and dreary glaciers are my refuge. ” the Monster

“Yet he enjoys one comfort, the offspring of solitude and delirium; he believes that when in dreams he holds converse with his friends and derives from that communion consolation for his miseries or excitements to his vengeance, that they are not the creations of his fancy, but the beings themselves who visit him from the regions of a remote world.” Henry Clerval

Revenge in Frankenstein

Revenge is a key theme in Frankenstein . It is most evident in the examples of Victor and the Monster. The creature, rejected by humanity and abandoned by his creator, seeks justice and swears to avenge Victor, which in turn, provokes the revenge of Frankenstein. The vicious circle of revenge brings both to the tragic end.

Theme of Revenge in Literature

Mary Shelley was not the first novelist to address the theme of revenge in her book. The desire of vengeance, an exceptionally strong human emotion which sometimes overcomes common sense, exited authors from Ancient times.

Revenge in the literature of Ancient Greece was used as a substitute for justice. Greeks believed that one who suffered a loss had a full right to punish the wrongdoers according to their crimes. An excellent example of Ancient literature that has a theme of revenge as the main plot idea is Euripides’s Medea . Medea’s husband left her for another woman, and she decides to avenge him by killing their children.

During the period of the late Renaissance, blood vengeance was considered a norm almost at the state level. The genre called ‘revenge tragedy’ became very popular at this time. Most revenge-plays pictured a character who, when faced with the duty of avenging a relative, chooses either to take actions and kill the offender or to rely on divine justice. Shakespeare, in Hamlet , explored the theme even more in-depth, making his character doubt the fairness of the “measure for measure” approach.

The Gothic stories often used the theme of vengeance as a centerpiece of the plot. For example, the storyline of the gothic novel, Zastrozzi, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley, is all about a man driven by revenge against his father and brother.

Although retaliation serves as one of the most prominent themes in Frankenstein , Mary Shelley does not justify revenge. She clearly illustrates that vengeance is a destructive power. Both main characters made avenging each other the primary purpose of their lives. The Monster, when he lost his hope to be accepted by humanity, declared “…everlasting war against the species, and more than all, against him who had formed [him] and sent [him] forth to this insupportable misery.”

When his relatives were dead, Frankenstein, instead of trying to understand the Monster’s motivation and accept his own responsibility before the creature, turned to revenge as well. His hatred was so overwhelming it became the only thing that “kept [him] alive.”

Hatred can only bring more hatred, and as Mary Shelley demonstrates it in the novel, both characters caused the death of many people and drove themselves to the most miserable end.

Revenge: Quotes from Frankenstein

“When I reflected on his crimes and malice, my hatred and revenge burst all bounds of moderation. I would have made a pilgrimage to the highest peak of the Andes, could I when there have precipitated him to their base. ” Victor Frankenstein

“Cursed, cursed creator! Why did I live? Why, in that instant, did I not extinguish the spark of existence which you had so wantonly bestowed? I know not; despair had not yet taken possession of me; my feelings were those of rage and revenge.” the Monster

“”I WILL BE WITH YOU ON YOUR WEDDING-NIGHT!” Such was my sentence, and on that night would the daemon employ every art to destroy me and tear me from the glimpse of happiness which promised partly to console my sufferings.” Victor Frankenstein

Frankenstein: Love Theme

Love in Frankenstein serves as the key mechanism motivating characters to do what they do. At the beginning of the story, the love of nature pushes Victor to study science. The Monster turns into a murderer because his need for love was never satisfied. Frankenstein’s love for his family forces him to seek revenge and results in a tragic ending.

Love & Marriage in Literature

Love is a universal theme in literature, as it is the most multifaceted of all human emotions. It inspires people to make discoveries and sacrifices, as well as to commit the most terrible acts. Throughout centuries, authors have addressed the theme of love, pondering over all of its manifestations.

Shakespeare often touched on the topic of forbidden love. In Romeo and Juliet, he illustrated what can happen when the families’ feud confronts the mutual love of two beings.

Among other manifestations of love, often described in the literature, is the love of the family. Faulkner in The Sound and the Fury and Salinger in The Catcher in the Rye explored love themes through the prism of family relationships.

Most often, novelists explore the theme of unrequited love, which can be both sacrificial and destructive. George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), in her Middlemarch , pictures a character, Mr. Farebrother, whose unreciprocated love makes him sacrifice his desires for the happiness of the woman he loves. On the other hand, Goethe in The Sorrows of Young Werther shows that one-sided love can push the character to commit suicide.

In Frankenstein , the theme of love is present in all its manifestations. If we are to talk about love and marriage, we have the ideal relationship of Victor’s parents presented to us. Their love for each other is exemplary. It is full of care and compassion. Similarly, the love of DeLaceys for each other seems to have no boundaries. Frankenstein also had a chance to form a perfect union with Elizabeth if his love for her were more significant than his pride, which indirectly caused her death.

The monster in the novel is the only character whose love is unrequited. At birth, he is abandoned by his creator, and his sincere love for the DeLacey family and for the humans, in general, met rejection. The absence of compassion in his life is a key to understanding the creature’s motivations, as it made him a murderer. It is evident that although the theme of love is not the most obvious one among other Frankenstein themes, it still serves as the major background for analyzing the events of the novel .

Love: Quotes from Frankenstein

“He came like a protecting spirit to the poor girl, who committed herself to his care; and after the interment of his friend he conducted her to Geneva and placed her under the protection of a relation. Two years after this event Caroline became his wife.” Victor Frankenstein

“You must create a female for me with whom I can live in the interchange of those sympathies necessary for my being. This you alone can do, and I demand it of you as a right which you must not refuse to concede.” the Monster

“I confess to you, my friend, that I love you and that in my airy dreams of futurity you have been my constant friend and companion. But it is your happiness I desire as well as my own when I declare to you that our marriage would render me eternally miserable unless it were the dictate of your own free choice.” Elizabeth Lavenza

Science in Frankenstein

Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein in the early 19th century when all of Europe enthusiastically discussed scientific discoveries and achievements. The Scientific Revolution not only gave food for reflection to the authors but even led to the emergence of a new genre in literature – science fiction. Writers like Jane Webb Loudon, E.T.A. Hoffmann, and Jules Verne, armed with existing knowledge about technologies, journeys, and explorations, created unrealistic worlds and characters endowed with inhuman abilities.

Frankenstein was also a response to the achievements of the Scientific Revolution. The main character of the novel assembles a creature from dead pieces and then manages to breathe life into it. Although the idea of ​​reanimating corpses may seem absurd to the modern readers, it did not appear as such at Mary Shelley’s time. From the mid-18th century, scientists were obsessed with the concept of electricity. The world was excited about Galvani and Volta’s “frog experiments.”

In 1803, Galvani’s nephew, Aldini, conducted his first public experiment on the executed prisoner, Foster, causing his dead body’s muscles to contract in terrible grimaces with the help of electricity. The analysis of the experiment’s results gave people a reason to believe that reviving corpses were no longer a miracle. Mary Shelly knew about these experiments since Aldini, Galvani, and Volta were friends of her father. In this context, the idea of ​​a living monster created from a dead matter seemed quite natural.

However, creating Frankenstein, Mary Shelley did not intend to write an entertaining story about a living corpse. On the contrary, taking a scientific experiment as a plot basis, she aimed at raising the philosophical question of the responsibility of scientists before society. Frankenstein illustrates that scientific experiments conducted without concern about consequences can bring humanity to a tragic end.

Victor Frankenstein is a perfect example of a scientist who carried out his experiments just for the sake of gaining power and fame without thinking much about the outcome. Among many Frankenstein’s quotes about science, there is one, where Victor boldly states, “A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. “Giving life to the Monster, Frankenstein failed to hold himself accountable for the being he created. As a result, many people died, and Victor was forced to spend the rest of his short life in hatred and remorse.

Frankenstein: Quotes about Science

“I have described myself as always having been imbued with a fervent longing to penetrate the secrets of nature. In spite of the intense labour and wonderful discoveries of modern philosophers, I always came from my studies discontented and unsatisfied. ” Victor Frankenstein

“Through this work I obtained a cursory knowledge of history and a view of the several empires at present existing in the world; it gave me an insight into the manners, governments, and religions of the different nations of the earth. ” the Monster

“One of the phenomena which had peculiarly attracted my attention was the structure of the human frame, and, indeed, any animal endued with life. Whence, I often asked myself, did the principle of life proceed? It was a bold question, and one which has ever been considered as a mystery…” Victor Frankenstein

👯 Women in Frankenstein

Many see Shelley’s masterpiece as a male-centered novel. Women in Frankenstein play roles of submissive, will-less creatures, whose main priority is to be good mothers and caring wives. It is not a coincidence that all descriptions of female characters are given through the male’s narration. The author makes the reader see Elizabeth, Caroline, and Justine the way Victor Frankenstein sees them, and to perceive Safie and Agatha through the eyes of the Monster. Shelley deliberately deprives women of their own voice to emphasize various problems that the male-dominated society holds.

The most active female character of the novel, Elizabeth, already at the beginning of the book, is introduced to the reader as Victor’s possession. From the moment she appears in the family, it is predetermined for her to become Frankenstein’s wife. Victor, as a little boy, speaks of her, “till death she was to be mine only.”

Although it is clear that Victor treats Elizabeth with adoration, he still diminishes her value by predisposing her entire existence to one purpose – be his possession. Victor’s condescension towards Elizabeth becomes obvious when he speaks of her as of a pet, “She was docile and good-tempered, yet gay and playful as a summer’s insect… I loved to tend on her, as I should on a favorite animal…”

Victor’s mother, Caroline, is also pictured as a character with no rights whose life is determined by the men surrounding her. First, her fate was in the hands of her father, who, for the sake of his pride, exposed her to poverty and hard work. Then she came under the patronage of her husband. While Alphonse treated her with love and care, Caroline’s role was still boiled down to raising children and being a subordinate wife.

Another female character, Justine, suffers the even worse fate of a right-less female. She is accused of a crime committed by the male and executed for it having nobody to protect her. Even in the last moments of her life, she was forced by a man (a priest) to confess to the murder.

The only character that remotely reflects the ideas of feminism in Frankenstein is Safie. She is pictured as a brave and independent woman, who dared to disobey not only her father but the entire Turkish patriarchal tradition. However, even for Safie, the dream to become a part of the society “where women were allowed to take a rank” comes with the price. She would not be able to do it on her own, but only through a marriage with a Christian man. It is widely accepted that for the book to be considered feminist, it must include a strong female lead character who would represent the ideals of independence and equality. From this perspective, Frankenstein is not a feminist novel. However, a total absence of such character and a strong emphasis on picturing the flaws of predominantly male society, is precisely what makes this book very feminist.

• Major Themes in Frankenstein: UPenn
• THEMES IN FRANKENSTEIN: Muse-Union College
• Themes of Frankenstein: Colby College
• Prejudice in Frankenstein: BBC
• Frankenstein: Myths, Monsters, and Modern Science: Social & Cultural Themes: LaChance Library
• Teaching ‘Frankenstein’ With The New York Times
• Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Body Issues: UMass Lowell
• Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus: Duquesne University
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IvyPanda . 2023. "Frankenstein: Themes." September 4, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/lit/study-guide-on-frankenstein/themes/.

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Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Frankenstein: Themes." September 4, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/lit/study-guide-on-frankenstein/themes/.