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120 Pearl Harbor Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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December 7, 1941, is a date that will forever live in infamy. The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese Imperial Navy marked the entry of the United States into World War II and changed the course of history. As we approach the 80th anniversary of this pivotal event, it is important to reflect on its significance and impact.

One way to do this is through writing, and there are countless essay topics that can help us better understand and appreciate the events of that fateful day. In this article, we will provide 120 Pearl Harbor essay topic ideas and examples to inspire and guide your writing.

• The causes of the attack on Pearl Harbor
• The planning and execution of the attack
• The impact of the attack on the United States
• The impact of the attack on Japan
• The role of intelligence in the lead-up to the attack
• The role of the military in defending against the attack
• The response of the American people to the attack
• The role of propaganda in shaping public opinion after the attack
• The impact of the attack on American-Japanese relations
• The impact of the attack on the course of World War II
• The legacy of Pearl Harbor in American history
• The legacy of Pearl Harbor in Japanese history
• The role of technology in the attack on Pearl Harbor
• The role of diplomacy in preventing the attack on Pearl Harbor
• The impact of the attack on American society and culture
• The impact of the attack on American politics and government
• The impact of the attack on American military strategy
• The impact of the attack on American intelligence operations
• The impact of the attack on American economic policy
• The impact of the attack on American foreign policy
• The impact of the attack on American military preparedness
• The impact of the attack on American military morale
• The impact of the attack on American civilian morale
• The impact of the attack on American public opinion
• The impact of the attack on American military leadership
• The impact of the attack on American diplomatic relations
• The impact of the attack on American economic relations
• The impact of the attack on American social relations
• The impact of the attack on American cultural relations
• The impact of the attack on American military technology
• The impact of the attack on American military tactics
• The impact of the attack on American military intelligence
• The impact of the attack on American military logistics
• The impact of the attack on American military training
• The impact of the attack on American military discipline
• The impact of the attack on American military command
• The impact of the attack on American military control
• The impact of the attack on American military coordination
• The impact of the attack on American military communication
• The impact of the attack on American military organization
• The impact of the attack on American military readiness
• The impact of the attack on American military capabilities
• The impact of the attack on American military resources
• The impact of the attack on American military supplies
• The impact of the attack on American military equipment
• The impact of the attack on American military information
• The impact of the attack on American military planning
• The impact of the attack on American military operations
• The impact of the attack on American military support
• The impact of the attack on American military aid

These essay topics are just a starting point, and there are countless other angles and perspectives from which to approach the topic of Pearl Harbor. Whether you are a history buff, a military enthusiast, or just someone looking to explore a pivotal moment in world history, there is sure to be a topic that piques your interest.

As we remember the events of December 7, 1941, let us take the time to reflect on the significance of Pearl Harbor and the lessons that can be learned from this tragic chapter in history. Through writing and research, we can gain a deeper understanding of the past and ensure that the sacrifices made on that day are never forgotten.

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51 Pearl Harbor Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on pearl harbor, 🎓 most interesting pearl harbor research titles, 💡 simple pearl harbor essay ideas.

• “Pearl Harbor” by Michael Bay
• The Attack on the Pearl Harbor
• How the Economic Interdependence Theory Could Lead to Japan Attacking Pearl Harbor
• Japan’s Decision to Attack Pearl Harbor in 1941
• The Pearl Harbor Attack: Political Importance
• Failure of Intelligence at Pearl Harbor
• The History of Attack on Pearl Harbor
• Attack on Pearl Harbor: Japanese Reasons
• Pearl Harbor Attack, Its Reasons and Casualties
• Attack on Pearl Harbor and Power Balance Theory
• The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor: Walter Lord’s Day of Infamy
• The Attack on Pearl Harbor: Timeline of Events
• Attack on Pearl Harbor: Tensions Between the U.S. and Japan
• Strategic and Political Motives of Japan’s Attacked Pearl Harbor
• The Role of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto in Planning the Pearl Harbor Attack
• Explaining How the U.S. Military Was Unprepared for the Attack on Pearl Harbor
• The Significance of Pearl Harbor in World War II
• Attack on Pearl Harbor: U.S. Foreign Policy Changed
• Pearl Harbor and Its Impact on American National Identity
• Radar Technology and the Missed Warnings Before Pearl Harbor
• The Aftermath of Pearl Harbor: Immediate Reactions in the U.S.
• FDR’s Infamous “Day of Infamy” Speech and Impact on American Morale
• Pearl Harbor in Propelling the U.S. into World War II
• The Japanese Strategy: How the Attack on Pearl Harbor Was Executed
• Pearl Harbor’s Effect on Japanese-American Relations Before and After the War
• Pearl Harbor Survivors: Personal Stories of Heroism and Loss
• Aspects of Aircraft Carriers in the Pearl Harbor Attack
• Analysis of How Pearl Harbor Altered U.S. Military Strategy in the Pacific Theater
• The Impact of Pearl Harbor on Japanese-Americans: Internment Camps and Civil Liberties
• Pearl Harbor Attack: Allied Relations in World War II
• The Role of Intelligence Failures in the Pearl Harbor Attack
• Pearl Harbor in Popular Culture: Films, Books, and Documentaries
• How Pearl Harbor Commemorations Have Evolved Over Time
• Concept of the USS Arizona Memorial in Remembering Pearl Harbor
• Hawaii’s Geographical Position and Pearl Harbor Strategic Target
• Women in the Aftermath of Pearl Harbor: Supporting the War Effort
• Propaganda After Pearl Harbor: Mobilizing the American Public
• Influence of Pearl Harbor on the U.S. Economy and War Production
• Pearl Harbor and Its Role in Strengthening U.S. Patriotism during WWII
• Japanese Pilots’ Perspective: Understanding Their Role in the Attack
• The Technological Aspects of the Attack on Pearl Harbor: Weapons and Aircraft
• Comparing Pearl Harbor and 9/11: Similarities in National Trauma
• Codebreaking and Cryptography in the Lead-Up to Pearl Harbor
• The Long-Term Military Lessons Learned from Pearl Harbor
• Explaining How Pearl Harbor Shaped U.S. Post-War International Strategy
• Concussion of Pearl Harbor on U.S.-Japanese Diplomatic Relations Post-War
• Reparations and Apologies: Japan’s Official Stance on Pearl Harbor over the Years
• The Role of American Isolationism Before and After Pearl Harbor
• The Strategic Importance of the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor
• Pearl Harbor: Catalyst for Racial and Nationalistic Propaganda
• Pearl Harbor’s Legacy: Shape of U.S. Military Preparedness Today

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These essay examples and topics on Pearl Harbor were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on November 6, 2024 .

Pearl Harbor - List of Free Essay Examples And Topic Ideas

Pearl Harbor, known for the surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States at the naval base in Hawaii on December 7, 1941, holds a significant place in U.S. history as it led to the country’s entry into World War II. Essays on this topic could explore the historical events leading up to the attack, the political and military strategies involved, the aftermath and its impact on the course of the war, and the memories and commemorations of the event over time. Analyzing different historical interpretations, personal narratives, and the broader geopolitical implications of the attack on Pearl Harbor can also provide a comprehensive understanding of this critical historical event. We’ve gathered an extensive assortment of free essay samples on the topic of Pearl Harbor you can find at PapersOwl Website. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation

The speech was made by president Franklin Delano Roosevelt to a joint session of congress on Monday, December 8, 1941, in Washington, D.C. (Roosevelt's 'Date of Infamy' Speech, 2012) The president had two purposes for the speech he was delivering (1) He wanted congress to declare war on Japan (2) He wanted the support of the American citizens of the upcoming war. I believe that the president was very clever on how he worded his whole speech. I noticed that […]

Story of Pearl Harbor

One ordinary morning in Hawaii, at the United naval base at Pearl Harbor, active military men and community members were woken with an unexpected surprise. December 7, 1941 the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service bombed Pearl Harbor. Our nation was devastated and we lost many brave man and civilians during this surprise attack. The next day our president at the time, Franklin Roosevelt, gave the speech "Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation" to inform the United States about this misfortune […]

Major Events in Aviation History

The Attack On Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor is a U.S naval base near Honolulu, Hawaii. On December 7, 1941, at around 8:00 a.m. there was a surprise attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor. Hundreds of Japanese fighter planes (including fighters, level and dive bombers, and torpedo bombers) descended on the base and provoked what turned out to be one of the greatest wars in U.S history. In this attack, the Japanese destroyed nearly 20 American naval vessels. This included […]

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The Battle of Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor is a United States naval base located around six miles west of the Hawaiian island Honolulu. The naval base itself is on the southside of the island O'ahu. The Japanese attack, also called the Battle of Pearl Harbor, was first thought of in January of nineteen forty-one, by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto of Japan. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was a military officer who believed that in order to shatter the hopes of the American people, the American aircraft carriers must […]

Impact of Pearl Harbor

During the 1940s many lives were lost after an attack at Pearl Harbor, it had a large impact on the U.S. such as: it being the leading cause to the start of World War II, which also led to more drastic event, and the many people's lives who were lost. Pearl Harbor, U.S. naval base in Hawaii, was the setting of the attack that occurred by the Japanese forces. It occurred on December 7, 1941, a date according to President […]

Effects of the Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on the Pearl Harbor, a naval base belonging to the United States, was the bombing of the base by the Japanese on December 7, 1941, in a surprise attack. The Japanese had been in a rivalry with the United States and planned this attack as a way to eliminate the risk that the US naval base posed. The attack astonished the people leading many to believe the constant tension between the two nations made war inevitable, and simply […]

Pearl Harbor Issues

On December 7, 1941, Japanese forces launched a devastating surprise attack on the United States Naval base, Pearl Harbor. The aftermath resulted in the loss of 2,500 U.S. servicemen, 200 aircraft, 5 battleships, and damage to various other vessels. President Franklin Roosevelt described it as "a date which will live in infamy." The Japanese naval and air forces, armed with bombs and bullets, executed the strike with the goal of demolishing the Pacific fleet to keep the U.S. from impeding […]

The Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor was a very devastating event in history, which heightened tension between Japan and the United States. There were several events that led up to the bombing, as well as a lot that went on during this horrible day in history. There were many casualties and devastations as a result. Many crucial events led up to the actual bombing. Problems between Japan and the United States ultimately caused the bombing. The United States was allies with China, while Japan […]

Pearl Harbor: Truth or Lies

Would a country deceive its people in such a way that it is willing to sacrifice the lives of its own to accomplish the governments secret agenda? This is the question for many conspiracy theorists on the attack that took place December 7, 1941. The assault on the American naval base of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii was a devastating event that crippled the United States pacific fleet, but the events of the previous years may have provided insight to what was […]

Attack on the US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor

On the morning of December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The surprise attack by the 350 Japanese aircraft either sank or severely damaged nineteen US naval vessels, including eight battleships, and destroyed 300 US aircraft. The attack by Japan killed 2,403 Americans who were neither notified nor prepared for an attack. Americans were left shocked, angered, and devastated after the attack; Japan offered them no explanation. The people of the United States turned […]

Why Pearl Harbor? Unraveling the Motives and Triggers

On December 7th, 1941, a devastating surprise attack occurred on Pearl Harbor. Nearly 2400 Americans were killed during this attack, and an additional 1000 people were injured. Pearl Harbor was a U.S. naval base situated near Honolulu, Hawaii. On 0750 hours, hundreds of aircraft from the Imperial Japanese Navy descended upon the sleeping base and started to attack. For the next two hours and a half hours, "the planes executed well planned, well rehearsed strikes against ships of the Pacific […]

Pearl Harbor: United States against Japan

The tension between the United States and Japan began during the Great Depression. Japan wanted to fix their "...economic and demographic woes by forcing... [their] way into China, starting in 1931 with an invasion of Manchuria." "...[The United States wanted to stop Japan's Global Expansion so they] began passing economic sanctions against Japan, including trade embargoes on aircraft exports, oil and scrap metal, among other key goods, and gave economic support to Guomindang forces." September of 1940 the Tripartite Pact […]

History of the Attack on Pearl Harbor

It all happened all of a sudden. At 7:55am, Sunday, December 7th, 1941, the first two waves of Japanese aircrafts started their deadly attack on the US Pacific fleet. Within two hours, five battleships were destroyed, another 16 damaged, and 188 aircrafts destroyed. The attacks killed under 100 Japanese soldiers but over 2,400 American soldiers, with another 1,178 injured. There were three reasons that lead to the attack on Pearl Harbor. They were: Japan's relations with the US, an ill-prepared […]

Horror of Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor is a U.S. naval base near Honolulu, Hawaii. This is where a  surprise attack by Japanese forces on December 7, 1941. A little  before 8 a.m. on that Sunday morning, hundreds of Japanese fighter planes dived towards the base. They managed to destroy/damage nearly 20 American naval vessels, including eight battleships, and over 300 airplanes.Over  2,400 Americans died in the attack, including civilians, and another 1,000 people were wounded. The day after the attack, President Franklin […]

Depiction of the Attack on Pearl Harbor

On December 7, 1941, the Empire of Japan launched a surprise attack against the United States in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This attack would catapult the United States into entering World War II. This strategic move was designed to cripple the United States Pacific Fleet in order for Japan to continue their bigger picture of conquering South East Asia.Tensions were rising after the Imperial state withdrew from the League of Nations. War between the United States and Empire of Japan was […]

Pearl Harbor: a Brief Overview of the Day that Changed History

President Franklin D. Roosevelt once said, "This date will live in infamy." It was December 7, 1941, when the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service launched a surprise military attack on the US naval facility at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This strike had significant ramifications for both the United States and the larger World War II scenario. In order to provide a succinct overview of Pearl Harbor's events, this article will examine the reasons for the assault, the specifics of the incident, […]

The USS Utah: Silent Sentinel of Pearl Harbor

Nestled in the annals of American naval history is the USS Utah, a ship that bore witness to one of the most transformative events in the 20th century. While many are familiar with the USS Arizona and its poignant memorial at Pearl Harbor, the Utah remains a somewhat lesser-known yet equally compelling testament to the sacrifices of that fateful day. The USS Utah's story begins much before the events of December 7, 1941. Commissioned in 1911, the ship was initially […]

The Fateful Strike: why Japan Targeted Pearl Harbor

On a quiet Sunday morning, December 7, 1941, the serene waters of Pearl Harbor were shattered by the thunderous roar of Japanese aircraft. This devastating attack not only plunged the United States into World War II but also left an indelible mark on global history. Understanding why Japan chose to launch such a daring assault on Pearl Harbor requires delving into the intricate web of political, economic, and military factors that shaped the early 20th century. The roots of the […]

The Lasting Impact of Pearl Harbor on American History

The morning of December 7, 1941, dawned like any other in the Hawaiian Islands, but by the time the sun had set, the world had irrevocably changed. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese Imperial Navy shocked the United States, propelling the nation into the throes of World War II. This event, often encapsulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt's phrase "a date which will live in infamy," holds immense significance not only as a historical turning point but […]

The Strategic Motivations Behind Japan’s Attack on the United States

The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941 was a game-changer in world history pulling the United States right into World War II. To get why Japan went for such a bold move you've got to dig into a mix of tricky factors—strategy money stuff and political power plays—that all had Japan thinking big. Japan was dead set on taking charge in the Asia-Pacific area. Back in the early 1900s Japan was hustling hard to grow its industries and […]

Factors Leading to the United States’ Entry into World War II

The United States jumping into World War II was a game-changer in both the war and American history. Lots of things pushed America to join the fight, from world politics and making money to getting hit head-on. The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, is often pointed at as the big trigger, but America had been eyeing this for a while. Before World War II, America was all about staying out of other people's fights. They didn't want […]

Pearl Harbor: Catalyst of Change in American Destiny

p>On a tranquil Sunday morning, December 7, 1941, the azure skies over Pearl Harbor were suddenly darkened by a swarm of Japanese aircraft, bringing death and destruction to the United States naval base in Hawaii. This unexpected attack marked a seismic shift in the trajectory of American history, thrusting the nation into World War II and altering its global role forever. The roots of the Pearl Harbor attack lie in the escalating tensions between Japan and the United States. In […]

Deciphering the Enigma: Japan’s Calculated Strike at Pearl Harbor

The morning of December 7, 1941, is etched in the collective memory of history as a day that altered the course of nations. The attack on Pearl Harbor, a masterstroke of military audacity, continues to fascinate and perplex historians and strategists alike. Unraveling the motives behind Japan's decision to launch such a brazen assault requires a nuanced understanding of historical context, geopolitical tensions, and strategic imperatives. Japan's emergence as a modern industrial power in the early 20th century marked a […]

Why Japan Attacked the United States in 1941

The morning of December 7, 1941, marked a turning point in global history, as Japanese fighter planes descended on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor. This attack thrust the United States wholeheartedly into World War II, a war that until then had been largely fought across the oceans. But what drove Japan, a nation thousands of miles away, to launch such a bold, seemingly unprovoked attack on American soil? The reasons stretch far beyond a simple act of aggression, […]

The Profound Consequences of Pearl Harbor: Shaping Modern America

December 7, 1941, etches itself as a pivotal juncture in the annals of American history. Upon this date, the Imperial Japanese Navy orchestrated an audacious assault on the U.S. Naval Base ensconced in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This brazen incursion exacted a heavy toll in both lives lost and equipment decimated, unfurling a cascade of profound and far-reaching repercussions, not merely confined to the United States but rippling across the global panorama. While the immediate military rejoinder is widely acknowledged, the […]

The Strategic Imperatives Behind the Pearl Harbor Attack

On a quiet Sunday morning in December 1941, Japan's sudden attack on Pearl Harbor jolted the United States from its non-combatant stance straight into the throes of World War II. This bold move wasn't just a surprise military strike; it was the culmination of a series of economic squeezes, geopolitical ambitions, and strategic calculations that had been brewing for years. Japan, in its quest to become the dominant power in Asia, was eyeing rapid expansion both territorially and economically. Yet, […]

Pearl Harbor: Echoes of a Decisive Moment

In the annals of history, December 7, 1941, stands out as a day that shook the very foundations of the United States. The peaceful morning at Pearl Harbor was shattered by a sudden and devastating assault, thrusting the nation into the midst of World War II in a manner unforeseen and unparalleled. The events of that day unfolded with a swift and calculated precision, as Japanese aircraft launched a surprise attack on the unsuspecting naval base. The thunderous roar of […]

Behind the Bombs: Unpacking Japan’s Decision to Attack Pearl Harbor

Let's take a trip back to December 7, 1941 – a date which, as President Roosevelt famously said, will live in infamy. This was the day Japan decided to wake the sleeping giant, the United States, with a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. But what was going through the minds of the Japanese leadership to make such a bold move? It wasn't just a spur-of-the-moment decision; it was a calculated risk, a roll of the dice in a high-stakes game […]

Unraveling the Reasons Behind Japan’s Attack on Pearl Harbor

The date December 7, 1941, is etched in history as a day of infamy when Japan launched a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor. This audacious act catapulted the United States into World War II and changed the course of history. To comprehend why Japan took this drastic step, we must explore the intricate web of circumstances, ambitions, and decisions that culminated in this pivotal event. Japan's journey to Pearl Harbor began decades earlier, as the […]

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• Pearl Harbor Essays

Pearl Harbor Essays (Examples)

Filter by keywords:(add comma between each), example essays.

Pearl Harbor & 911 Similarities and Differences

Pearl Harbor & 911 Similarities and Differences: Pearl Harbor and 9/11 Sixty years separate two of the most infamous events in American history. Both the terrorist attacks on 9/11 and the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor were defining moments that altered the course of history. Both caught the country by surprise, rallied its people against their attackers and engendered a long and difficult war against tyranny. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 resulted in more than 2,400 American deaths. Within hours after the incident five of the eight battleships at the U.S. naval base were either sunk or sinking, and many other ships as well as combat planes were heavily damaged or destroyed. The Japanese hoped that by crippling the U.S. Pacific Fleet they could eliminate it as a threat to the Empire's desire to expand south. The attacks of September 11, 2001 were more symbolic than tactical. The…...

mla References Collins, M. (2011, Septmber 9). 9/11 and Pearl Harbor are simular but the impacts are different. Vctar.com. Ventura County Star. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from   http://www.vcstar.com/news/2011/sep/09/911-and-pearl-harbor-are-similar-but-impacts-are/  McAvoy, A. (2011, Septmber 6). Comparing 9/11 to Pearl Harbor. kyPost.com. Associated Press. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from   http://www.kypost.com/dpps/news/national/comparing-9_11-to-pearl-harbor_6707923  Miles, D. (2006, December 7). Pearl Harbor parallells 9-11. Military.com. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from   http://www.military.com/NewsContent/0,13319,120133,00.html  Smith, P. (2011, December 3). Comparing Pearl Harbor to 9-11 on three levels of warfare. The Augusta chronicle. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from http://chronicle.augusta.com/opinion/opinion-columns/2011-12-03/comparing-pearl-harbor-9-11-three-levels-warfare

Pearl Harbor Immediately Following the

Though Kimmel himself states that there had been submarine activity around the Islands, there were no actions taken against them as he was waiting for approval from Department of Navy, in the ten days preceding the attack to act decisively. "For some time there had been reports of submarines in the operating areas around Hawaii.... The files of the Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet, contain records of at least three suspicious contacts during the 5 weeks preceding Pearl Harbor." () Yet, actions were not taken by Kimmel and Short to act on a suspicion of overt operations, by Japan in their immediate vicinity. Kimmel and Short waited to take action, to a point where the attack came as a complete shock, to the men at work that morning in the harbor. On November 3, 1941, a patrol plane observed an oil slick area in latitude 20-10, longtiude 157-41. The patrol plane…...

mla Works Cited Ben-Zvi, Abraham. Prelude to Pearl Harbor: A Study of American Images Toward Japan, 1940-41. New York: Vintage Press, 1979. Brcak, Nancy, and John R. Pavia. "Racism in Japanese and U.S. Wartime Propaganda." The Historian 56.4 (1994): 671. Conroy, Hilary, and Harry Wray, eds. Pearl Harbor Reexamined: Prologue to the Pacific War. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990.

Pearl Harbor Attack on 7

S. was that non-interference of the U.S. In the war, leaving it to the Europeans was the best thing to do. Thus there was no urgency felt in creating armaments. Thus in 1940 the armed strength was "only 150,000 men" (Gailey, 1995) and the generals believed that any future war could be fought and won with artillery and infantry and providing air support and they argued that "tanks and airplanes were fads." (Gailey, 1995) Thus airpower was given the go by and this development made America really weak. America entirely ignored the power of air attacks. This was the cause of the debacle at Pearl Harbor. It can be easily seen from the pages of history that Germany took advantage of air power with the blitzkrieg concept and Japan used it with telling effect at Pearl Harbor. Conclusion: The attack on Pearl Harbor was the result of the changing times. Growth of Japan…...

mla References Beasley, W.G. (1963) "The Modern History of Japan" Frederick A. Praeger: New York. Gailey, Harry A. (1995) "The War in the Pacific: From Pearl Harbor to Tokyo Bay." Presidio Press: Novato, CA.

Pearl Harbor and the Cuban

CUAN MISSILE CRISIS The Cuban Missile Crisis (CMC) presented a different type of military intelligence than Pearl Harbor did. In the case of CMC, military intelligence provided tremendous amounts of valuable and incontrovertible evidence. However, that information has to be viewed in the larger context of the times to understand why the United States government viewed the situation as seriously as they did. The United States had been actively but covertly working to prevent the spread of Communism to the Western Hemisphere. Many in America believed that the U.S.S.R. intended to spread Communism to every corner of the world, while the United States was determined to bring democracy to every country possible. This ideological face-off was known as the "Cold War." oth the United States and the U.S.S.R. feared that this ideological conflict might escalate to nuclear war. The United States had clung steadfastly to the Monroe Doctrine, established in 1823 by President…...

mla Bibliography Kennedy, Robert. Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. 1969 W.W. Norton & Company, New York. Morgenstern, George. Pearl Harbor: The Story of the Secret War. Devin-Adair, 1947. Spencer, Warren. 1991. "Why America slept. National Review; December 16. Wright, Mike. What They Didn't Teach You About the Sixties. 2001: Presidio Press, Novato, CA.

Pearl Harbor as an Intelligence Failure Several

Pearl Harbor as an Intelligence Failure Several writers and intellectuals express that the shock the Japanese got in their attack on Pearl Harbor was a result from a failure of the United States intelligence community that were unsuccessful to give sufficient, correct information to government as well as to the military decision-makers. As presumed by these historians the intelligence community contained very important information that was misconstrue or in other words was not properly and correctly circulated earlier to the attack. Furthermore, few of the revisionist historians pledge to conspiracy theories and had the judgment that main members of the United States government deliberately suspended this crucial information from the military command in order to bring the United States into orld ar II against the Alliance powers. Thus, both groups referred to accessible studies and since 1978 classified information formerly released has now been as the evidence for their statement (Ameriger, 1990). Moreover,…...

mla Works Cited Ameriger, Charles D.U.S. Foreign Intelligence (Lexington, M.A: D.C.) Health & Company. 1990. Betrayal at Pearl Harbor: A Television Documentary aired on the History Channel (USA), December 7th, 1998. Gordon Prange, Donald M. Goldstein, Katherine V. Dillon. Warning and Decision. Stanford, CA. 1968.

Pearl Harbor Attack

Pearl Harbor attack had a number of significant implications for the course of the Second World War. The attack was initiated by the Japanese, who had imperial ambitions for the entire Pacific. The U.S. had enacted an embargo on Japanese goods in response to Japanese aggression in Indochina and by 1941 it was evident that Japan was anticipating the possibility of war with either Britain or the U.S. The U.S. was still a non-participant in World War Two at the time. Japan saw war as a likely event because the embargo cut off oil supplies, forcing Japan to take Indochina. Their war plan left little doubt that the Allies would become engaged, if not the U.S. However, Japan rightly felt that the U.S. was its biggest threat in the region. For its part, the U.S. had moved the headquarters of its naval fleet from San Diego to Oahu, a reflection…...

mla References Goldfield, David; Abbott, Carl; Anderson, Virginia; Argersinger, Jo; Argersinger, Peter & Barney, William. The American Journey: A History of the United States. Pearson: online. NPS.gov. Setting the stage., 2015. Web. 8 April 2015. PearlHarbor.org. What happened?, 2015. Web. 8 April 2015. Roosevelt, Franklin. Pearl Harbor Address. YouTube. Web. 8 April 2015.

Attacks on Pearl Harbor and the World

attacks on Pearl Harbor and the World Trade Center had similar historical events surrounding each attack. Franklin Delano Roosevelt and George W. ush used similar policies to combat further attacks and unite the nation The paper highlights the entwined American reactions to the September 11 attacks and the Pearl Harbor attacks. The paper illustrates the similarities in which the over-prevailing backgrounds of each event created reactions to the devastating measures that promptly gave escalation to the Wars that have been fought. The paper also looks at the integration of the memory of Pearl Harbor in American reactions to September 11 attacks. Subsequently, the paper reflects on the similarities in repercussions of the attacks on the Pearl Harbor, as well as, the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on September 11. It is quite apparent that the global society in which we live has become so much inter-connected that almost all events affect everyone…...

mla Bibliography 1) Achcar, Gilbert. The Clash of Barbarisms: September 11 and the Making of the New World Disorder. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2002. 2) Bradley, James, and Ron Powers. Flags of our fathers. New York: Bantam Books. 2000. 3)Boulden, Jane, and Thomas George Weiss. Terrorism and the UN: Before and After September 11. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2004 4)Crotty, William J. The Politics of Terror: The U.S. Response to 9/11. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2004.

Attack on Pearl Harbor Lessons

Yamamoto noted that "the war would continue for several years, our supplies would be exhausted, our ships and arms would be damaged and ultimately we would not be able to escape defeat." (Akira, 1990, pp.133-134). Masaru (1990) added that another difficulty between the two nations was America's attitude during the U.S.-Japanese negotiations on the eve of the outbreak of war. In particular, Masaru points to the hard line position of Secretary of State Cordell Hull. Hull turned down Japan's proposal for summit meeting between Prime Minister Konoe and President oosevelt. Then Hull presented the Hull note which included a demand for immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all Japanese troops from China. This demand was met with considerable opposition by Japan. Masaru stressed the worsening communication between Washington and Tokyo. Masaru reiterated that although Ambassador Joseph Grew had a good grasp of the situation in Japan, his views were not seriously…...

mla References Masaru, I. (1990) "Mismanagement in the U.S. Policy towards Japan" in Pearl Harbor Re-examined: Prologue to the Pacific War edited by Hilary Conroy and Harry Wray. Honolulu: University of the Hawaii Press. Gaynor, E. And Esler, a. (2003) World History: Connections to the World. Upper Saddle River New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Stearns, P., Schwartz, D. And Beyer, B. (1991) World History: Traditions and New Directions. New York: Addison and Wesley Publishing Company. Akira, F. (1990) "Road to Pearl Harbor" in Pearl Harbor Re-examined: Prologue to the Pacific War edited by Hilary Conroy and Harry Wray. Honolulu: University of the Hawaii Press.

Japan vs Pearl Harbor What

But the U.S. demanded that it withdraw from both China and Manchuria in exchange for a reestablishment of trade for oil. Japan's other major source of oil had been the Netherlands, but the Dutch followed the American's oil embargo in August of 1941. The Japanese resolved to take control of Dutch East India's oil fields. If it did so, it knew war with America was inevitable. "The oil stock Japan had was only for a year and half, and time was running out…if the war was unavoidable and they chose to fight, the longer they would wait the lesser the chance for victory would be because of the limited oil stock, which would be spent even during the peacetime" (Arima 2003). To speed up the course of the war, and to buy time for its oil supply, on December 7th in 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on Pearl…...

mla Works Cited Arima, Yuichi. "The Way to Pearl Harbor: U.S. Vs. Japan." ICE Case Studies. Number 118, December 2003. April 14, 2010.   http://www1.american.edu/ted/ice/japan-oil.htm  "Pearl Harbor Raid, 7 December 1941." Naval History. April 14, 2010.

Intelligence Failure of Pearl Harbor

It was an unfortunate and tragic event in the history of the United States, regardless of the reasons that it took place. The book itself was very interesting, but Layton makes both commanders that he served under - Kimmel and Short - out to be scapegoats that had absolutely no idea of what was happening. While they were denied the benefits of some important pieces of intelligence information, it does seem plausible that they could have figured some of this out on their own. The book makes strong counter-arguments to other works on Pearl Harbor, however, and there are many areas of the book that are particularly well done, such as the description and story of the activities that were used for code-breaking, and the information regarding the Battle of Midway. ll in all, Layton's book is a fascinating look into Pearl Harbor, war, and the sacrifices that so many…...

mla And I Was There by Edwin T. Layton The author of this book, Edwin T. Layton, was a Fleet Intelligence Officer. Along with others, he was tasked with breaking into the secret codes used by Japan. Finally, they were able to get through and have an idea of what the Japanese Navy was generally planning to do. However, Pearl Harbor had no decoding machine of the type that was needed and therefore intercepted information had to be sent elsewhere, decoded, and sent back. The main thesis in Layton's book is that Pearl Harbor was denied important intelligence. If it had been received in a timely manner, the attack that took place on December 7, 1941 could have been avoided. Whether or not this is completely accurate, however, remains a topic of debate. There were other alleged errors made at Pearl Harbor as well, and because of those errors it is very difficult to say with certainty whether Layton is 100% correct or whether the lack of intelligence information only contributed to what happened at Pearl Harbor on that fateful day. It was an unfortunate and tragic event in the history of the United States, regardless of the reasons that it took place. The book itself was very interesting, but Layton makes both commanders that he served under - Kimmel and Short - out to be scapegoats that had absolutely no idea of what was happening. While they were denied the benefits of some important pieces of intelligence information, it does seem plausible that they could have figured some of this out on their own. The book makes strong counter-arguments to other works on Pearl Harbor, however, and there are many areas of the book that are particularly well done, such as the description and story of the activities that were used for code-breaking, and the information regarding the Battle of Midway. All in all, Layton's book is a fascinating look into Pearl Harbor, war, and the sacrifices that so many people make for their countries.

Intelligence Failure at Pearl Harbor

owever, this is not to discount the fact that there were many human and bureaucratic errors that resulted in the American lack of preparedness, many of which seem quite surprising in light of the fact that the Americans were able to decipher Japanese codes and the Japanese engaged in such militant anti-American rhetoric and military shows of force (170). According to Wohlstetter, because the signals came from such diverse sources and because of the structural lack of communication between different government channels, it was often difficult to make coherent sense of the data that was being received. It was difficult to see the patterns in the intelligence that were emerging regarding the Japanese military movements, and thus the failure to do so was partially the result of human error, partly because of the poor intelligence gathering of the military, and partly because of the accepted fact that hostile enemy movements…...

mla How could American intelligence failed so consistently? This was a common question in the American news media after 9/11. The answers of Roberta Wohlstetter's 1962 book Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision may provide some insight for modern readers, in answer to this question. Of course, Wohlstetter's analysis is applicable to a much older historical problem, namely how could America have failed to anticipate the threat of the Japanese bombings on Pearl Harbor. But her approach and answers provides an important warning to conspiracy theorists and intelligence apologists alike. According to Wohlstetter, the intelligence clues that an attack on Pearl Harbor would take place only seem certain with the foresight of history. Many of the clues were "not merely ambiguous but occasionally inconsistent with such an attack" and only later did the mounting "dangerous" hints seem add up to the incontrovertible fact that there would be a surprise air attack on the naval base (388). Wohlstetter writes in response to those who state that the attack was obvious and a foregone conclusion, or worse that Franklin Delano Roosevelt knew about the planned bombing, but decided to ignore this to motivate Congress to allow him to declare war against Japan and Germany. However, this is not to discount the fact that there were many human and bureaucratic errors that resulted in the American lack of preparedness, many of which seem quite surprising in light of the fact that the Americans were able to decipher Japanese codes and the Japanese engaged in such militant anti-American rhetoric and military shows of force (170). According to Wohlstetter, because the signals came from such diverse sources and because of the structural lack of communication between different government channels, it was often difficult to make coherent sense of the data that was being received. It was difficult to see the patterns in the intelligence that were emerging regarding the Japanese military movements, and thus the failure to do so was partially the result of human error, partly because of the poor intelligence gathering of the military, and partly because of the accepted fact that hostile enemy movements were often prone to reversal and designed to provoke panic, rather than true harbingers of future attacks.

The Attack on Pearl Harbor

A Day That Will Live in Infamy: The Attack on Pearl Harbor President Franklin Delano Roosevelt famously called the attack on Pearl Harbor a day that would live in infamy. The Japanese bombing of the American naval base of Pearl Harbor was the event that ultimately precipitated US entry into World War II. Of course, for many years, the US had shown sympathy to the Allied powers. But the bombing of Pearl Harbor ultimately drove America to choose sides and formally end its neutrality. Supporting the Allied powers was not as popular a stance as might have been believed with hindsight, and isolationist sentiment was still a factor Roosevelt had to overcome. The Where of Pearl Harbor The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise attack, and an attack on a nation which was still officially neutral despite growing Japanese resentment of perceived and real American bias against the Axis powers. The attack…...

mla References Chang, I. (2012). The rape of Nanking. New York, NY: Basic Books. Prange, G. (1982). At dawn we slept: The untold story of Pearl Harbor. New York, NY: Penguin. “President Roosevelt’s ‘Day of Infamy’ speech.” (1941). US Capital. Retrieved from: speech-december-8-1941 Pruitt, P. (2018). Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? History.com. Retrieved from: https://www.history.com/news/why-did-japan-attack-pearl-harbor Robinson, B. (2011). Pearl Harbor: A rude awakening. BBC. Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/pearl_harbour_01.shtml The significance of Pearl Harbour to America and the Second World War. (2009). The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/07/pearl- harbour-america-at-war What was the significance of Pearl Harbor? (2019). Churchill for Schools. Retrieved from: http://www.churchillarchiveforschools.com/themes/the-themes/key-events-and- developments-in-world-history/what-was-the-significance-of-pearl-harbor/background- information https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/artifact/president-roosevelts-day-infamy-

Nursing During World War II Pearl Harbor

Nursing during World War II Pearl Harbor, and the United States' subsequent involvement in World War II, had a lasting impact on the country, much as the events of September 11, 2001, had, and will continue to have, a lasting impact on this nation. In particular, this paper will focus on the impact that Pearl Harbor and World War II had on the nursing profession. The events of Pearl Harbor and other events during the course of World War II played a large role in helping to change the country's perception of nurses. These dedicated women were now taken more seriously and, as a result, the environment in which nurses learned and worked changed. At the time Pearl Harbor was attacked, the United States was facing a serious shortage of nurses. President Franklin oosevelt issued a call for more nurses, and the military, in an effort to help fulfill the country's need,…...

mla References Condon-Roll, M.E. And Cowdrey, A.E. (1998), The Medical Department: Medical Service in the War against Japan. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History United States Army. Cosmas, G.A. And Cowdrey, A.E. (1992). The Medical Department: Medical Service in the European Theater of Operations. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Feller, C.M. And Moore, C.J., Eds. (1996. Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse

Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor What Events

Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor hat events led to the attack on Pearl Harbor? hy was Japan willing to engage in a bold, highly secretive raid on the main American Navy base in the Pacific? How was Japan able to pull off this dramatic, deadly strike on a cloudless Sunday morning in Hawaii? hat did the United States do in retaliation? And how did the Pacific Theatre of orld ar II impact the United States and its people? These questions will be reviewed and answers provided for them in this paper. hat were the reasons behind the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor? hy did Japan attack the United States, a nation far more powerful, with vast resources available to build the weaponry that could defeat a much smaller nation like Japan? There are many reasons for the hostility that grew between the two nations, but it is widely recognized that Japan had been…...

mla Works Cited Dowswell, Paul. 2003. Pearl Harbor: December 7, 1941. Mankato, MN: Heinemann-Raintree Library. EyeWitnesstoHistory.com. (1957). "Attack At Pearl Harbor, 1941 / The Japanese View." Retrieved August 26, 2011, from http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/pfperarl2.htm.

U S Entering WWII Pearl Harbor the Job

U.S. Entering WWII: Pearl Harbor The job of any newspaper is to make sure that truth as they get to know about it reaches all individuals in the form of their subscribers at the earliest possible time. It does not matter whether the newspaper is big or small; the task is to make sure that the news reaches at the earliest. The definition of truth for a newspaper is very difficult to agree on and this is what gives newspapers the opportunity to keep writing on a matter where they feel readers still have interest, even though it may not have any news value. Let us first remember that the incident we are referring to happened more than 63 years ago. At that time the relative position among different media for newspapers was much stronger. There was no Internet or satellite TV for news to spread at the speed that it travels today.…...

mla References Biesecker, Michael. Haunted Heroes. Retrieved from http://extras.journalnow.com/pearlharbor/ Accessed 11 August, 2005 Front page. Winston Stalen Journal. Retrieved from Accessed 11 August, 2005 http://extras.journalnow.com/pearlharbor/frontpage.html O'Neill, Brendan. Why are we surprised by war lies? 18 September 2003. Retrieved from   Accessed 11 August, 2005 http://www.spiked-online.com/Printable/00000006DF23.htm 

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One of the more shameful moments in American history was the establishment of internment camps for Japanese-Americans during World War II.  Ostensibly started because the United States was at war with Japan, it is interesting to note that there were no similar internment camps for people of Italian or German descent, despite the fact that Italy and Germany were also part of the Axis powers that fought against the Allies in World War II. 

Prior to World War II, Japanese began immigrating to America for work opportunities.  They initially immigrated to Hawaii, which was annexed by the United....

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Pearl Harbor Attack Essay

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Pearl Harbor Attack: U.S. and Japan Descriptive Essay

Pearl Harbor is located at Hawaii in the United States of America. This was a military base of the US military forces during the Second World War. Japan was very keen on conquering the larger Asian region, having successfully suppressed China. It had entered into an alliance with Germany and Italy.

This alliance formed the central power that would fight the allied forces led by Britain. This country was one of the strongest nations during the Second World War and its leaders were keen on asserting their control in Asian region.

The United States of America had taken a low profile in the war at the beginning. It preferred supplying both weapons and food to both sides. This stabilized it economically, which would later help it in strengthening its military. Japan was weary of the US and wanted to suppress it as it was the only threat to Japan’s conquest.

The German soldiers convinced Japan that Britain and France were under control. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republicans was still recovering from the German attack. The only threat was the United States of America (Rottman 45).

Tension between the two countries started building up in early 1940s. Both countries were suspicious of each other. The US was keenly monitoring the rate at which Japan was arming itself. Japan was also aware that the US was heavily armed.

Japan therefore decided to attack the US for one main reason, which was to offer the US a devastating blow that would completely discourage it from going to war. They expected that after the attack, the US either would be too weak to join the war or would be scared. This would enable their advancement to other Asian countries since there could not be any threat from major powers.

In 25 November 1941, Japan decided to launch its offensive. It attacked the US military base at Pearl Harbor. This was one of the US main military bases located in Hawaii. This resulted to death of over 2400 Americans and wounded about 1300 people. Several ships were also destroyed and the harbor was damaged, though not to a large extent.

The US had expected such an occurrence but had not predicted this kind of damage. The damage would have been worse but it was poorly planned. Furthermore, the military strength of the US forces was under-estimated by the Japanese senior commanders. It did not take much to repair the ships and get them back to the sea.

The United States of American responded to this attack very swiftly. It was convinced that Japan was an enemy that could no longer be assumed. They could no longer watch this war from the fence but had to join it actively. They declared war on Japan. This immediate cause forced America to join the Second World War officially.

This reaction was expected by German and Italy, which responded immediately by declaring war on the US. However, Japan did not expect this eventuality. They expected the US to be scared meaning that it could not be in a position to join the war.

The United States of America entered the war for two major reasons. One of it was to save its friendly nations such as Britain and France, which were under siege. In addition, it had to react to the attack on its military base. Although the US helped in suppressing the all-powerful Germany, its main target was Japan.

Works Cited

Rottman, Gordon. World War 2 Pacific Island Guide . New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002. Print.

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