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Quality control is a critical aspect of any business or organization that aims to deliver high-quality products or services to its customers. It involves monitoring and evaluating the quality of products or services to ensure they meet certain standards and specifications. Quality control is essential to prevent defects, errors, and inconsistencies that can negatively impact a company's reputation and bottom line.

If you're tasked with writing an essay on quality control, you may be struggling to come up with a topic that will engage your readers and demonstrate your understanding of the subject. To help you get started, here are 113 quality control essay topic ideas and examples:

The importance of quality control in manufacturing
How quality control can improve customer satisfaction
The role of quality control in ensuring product safety
The impact of quality control on a company's reputation
Best practices for implementing a quality control program
The benefits of using technology in quality control
How quality control can help reduce waste and improve efficiency
The relationship between quality control and quality assurance
The challenges of implementing quality control in a small business
The role of statistical analysis in quality control
Quality control in the food industry: ensuring product safety and freshness
The impact of globalization on quality control practices
Quality control in the healthcare industry: ensuring patient safety
The importance of quality control in the pharmaceutical industry
How quality control can help prevent product recalls
Quality control in the automotive industry: ensuring vehicle safety
The role of quality control in the construction industry
The impact of quality control on supply chain management
Quality control in the hospitality industry: ensuring customer satisfaction
The challenges of implementing quality control in a service-based business
The role of quality control in ensuring data accuracy and integrity
Quality control in the retail industry: ensuring product quality and consistency
The impact of quality control on brand loyalty
The role of quality control in meeting regulatory requirements
The benefits of implementing a Total Quality Management (TQM) program
Quality control in the aerospace industry: ensuring the safety of aircraft
The impact of quality control on employee morale and motivation
The challenges of implementing quality control in a fast-paced environment
Quality control in the technology industry: ensuring software reliability
The role of quality control in disaster preparedness and response
The impact of quality control on the environment and sustainability
Quality control in the education industry: ensuring academic standards
The benefits of implementing a Six Sigma quality control program
Quality control in the energy industry: ensuring the safety of power plants
The role of quality control in the entertainment industry
The impact of quality control on social responsibility and ethical practices
Quality control in the fashion industry: ensuring product quality and design
The challenges of implementing quality control in a global supply chain
The role of quality control in the financial industry: ensuring data accuracy
Quality control in the telecommunications industry: ensuring network reliability
The benefits of implementing a Lean Six Sigma quality control program
Quality control in the transportation industry: ensuring vehicle safety and maintenance
The impact of quality control on customer retention and loyalty
The role of quality control in the healthcare industry: ensuring patient outcomes
Quality control in the pharmaceutical industry: ensuring drug safety and efficacy
The challenges of implementing quality control in a regulated industry
The role of quality control in ensuring product consistency and reliability
Quality control in the automotive industry: ensuring vehicle performance and safety
The impact of quality control on employee satisfaction and retention
The benefits of implementing a Quality Management System (QMS) for quality control
Quality control in the aerospace industry: ensuring the safety of space missions
The role of quality control in the construction industry: ensuring building safety
Quality control in the food industry: ensuring food safety and quality
The challenges of implementing quality control in a fast-changing market
The role of quality control in the hospitality industry: ensuring customer satisfaction
The impact of quality control on brand reputation and customer trust
The benefits of implementing a quality control program for small businesses
Quality control in the technology industry: ensuring software reliability and security
The role of quality control in the energy industry: ensuring the safety of power plants
Quality control in the education industry: ensuring academic standards and curriculum
The role of quality control in the entertainment industry: ensuring product quality
Quality control in the financial industry: ensuring data accuracy and integrity
Quality control in the telecommunications industry: ensuring network reliability and performance
The role of quality control in the transportation industry: ensuring vehicle safety
Quality control in the healthcare industry: ensuring patient safety and outcomes
The challenges of implementing quality control in a regulated environment
The role of quality control in the pharmaceutical industry: ensuring drug safety
Quality control in the food industry: ensuring product safety and quality

In conclusion, quality control is a critical aspect of any business or organization that aims to deliver high-quality products or services to its customers. By selecting a relevant and engaging topic from the list above, you can demonstrate your understanding of quality control and its importance in various industries. Good luck with your essay!

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Quality control essay.

The systematic approach to quality control was developed in industrial manufacturing in the interwar years. With the impact of mass production required during World War II, it became necessary to introduce a more rigorous form of quality control. Some of the initial work is credited to Walter Shewhart of Bell Labs, starting with his famous one-page memorandum of 1924.

Control charts are often employed to detect changes in a process mean over time. In the traditional approach, a sample is drawn, and the sample mean ( x) is calculated and plotted on a Shewhart X chart having control limits, which depict the extremes of pure chance fluctuations. A point outside the limits suggests that the process is off target. While a Shewhart X chart is relatively easy to use and interpret, according to W. H. Woodall, a cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart is more capable of detecting small changes in the process mean, as well as pinpointing the exact time when the process goes “out of control.” Faster detection of significant changes means tighter control, which is necessary if corrective action is to be taken promptly.

Like Shewhart and CUSUM control schemes, an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA), as discussed by J. M. Lucas and M. S. Saccucci, control scheme is easy to implement and interpret. The ability of the EWMA chart to detect small shifts in the process mean is on a par with the CUSUM chart and superior to the Shewhart X chart. Lucas and Saccucci argued that the EWMA chart is simpler to explain to the lay user than the CUSUM chart, by noting its similarity to the classical Shewhart X chart. Both the CUSUM and EWMA charts are more suitable for single sampling schemes.

A control chart procedure has been proposed for which the Shewhart X chart, the cumulative sum chart, and the exponentially weighted moving average chart are special cases. The procedure for constructing these charts has been described by C. W. Champ and colleagues.

A typical statistical test examines the validity of a null hypothesis, H0 (the process is on target), against an alternative, HA (the process has changed). A Type on target, but, by chance, lies outside the control limits. A Type II error is said to occur if H0 is accepted when HA is true and occurs with a probability β. That is, the process has deviated, but lies within the control limits. The power of a test is defined to be the probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis, and is equal to 1-β. For a given α, one test is more powerful than another if 1-β for the former is greater than for the latter for all possible changes in the process mean.

Referring to the process under consideration, assume a batch has a true mean μ. Let τ be an acceptable target value for μ; therefore a batch is acceptable if μ=τ. In this case H0 is μ=τ and HA is μ≠τ. If a batch is rejected when, in fact, the mean is μ=τ, this is unfair to the producer. This is called the producer’s risk or Type I error, and occurs with a probability α. Conversely, if a batch is accepted when, in fact, the mean is μ≠τ, this is unfair to the consumer. This is called the consumer’s risk or Type II error, and occurs with a probability β.

The consumer’s risk (β) depends on the absolute difference between μ and τ. This is the drift Δ, where Δ=τμ. The sample size and control limits may be selected to obtain acceptable values of α and β for a specified Δ.

The Average Run Length (ARL) for a given Δ gives the average number of batches sampled till one is rejected. The ARL is dependent on both α and β and is an important factor in selecting a control chart. The plan (the sample size and control limits) is usually chosen so that the ARL is large (500 to 1,000) when the process is on target, and small (1.1 to 10) when the process changes by Δ. The criteria are acceptable risks of incorrect actions, expected average quality levels reaching the customer and expected average inspection loads.

All the charts described so far examine the sample mean. In a process the mean might appear acceptable, but there could be a change in the inherent process variation. To monitor this variability, a range chart should also be used.

Bibliography:

Ron Basu, Implementing Six Sigma and Lean: A Practical Guide to Tools and Techniques (Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008);
Dale H. Besterfield, Quality Control (Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009);
Charles W. Champ, William H. Woodall, and Hassan A. Mohsen, “A Generalised Quality Control Procedure,” Statistics & Probability Letters (v.11/3, 1991);
Mark L. Crossley, The Desk Reference of Statistical Quality Methods (ASQ Quality Press, 2008);
Acheson J. Duncan, Quality Control and Industrial Statistics (Richard D. Irwin Press, 1986);
James M. Lucas et al., “Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Schemes: Properties and Enhancements,” Technometrics (v.32/1, 1990);
Douglas C. Montgomery, Statistical Quality Control: A Modern Introduction (John Wiley & Sons, 2009);
Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Products (Macmillan, 1931);
William H. Woodall, “The Design of CUSUM Quality Control Charts,” Journal of Quality Technology (v.18/2, 1986).

This example Quality Control Essay is published for educational and informational purposes only. If you need a custom essay or research paper on this topic please use our writing services. EssayEmpire.com offers reliable custom essay writing services that can help you to receive high grades and impress your professors with the quality of each essay or research paper you hand in.

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Quality Control Process

Normally, quality testing is part of every stage of a manufacturing or business process. Employees frequently begin testing using samples collected from the production line, finished products, and raw materials. Testing during various production phases can help identify the cause of a production problem and the necessary corrective actions to prevent it from happening again.

Customer service reviews, questionnaires, surveys, inspections, and audits are a few examples of quality testing procedures that can be used in non-manufacturing businesses. A company can use any procedure or technique to ensure that the final product or service is safe, compliant, and meets consumer demands.

QC Is Different by Industry

Quality Control (QC) is an indispensable aspect of various industries, ensuring that products and services adhere to predefined standards. In the manufacturing sector, QC involves rigorous inspection and testing of raw materials, intermediate components, and final products to maintain consistent quality and minimize defects. In the food industry, QC guarantees the safety and integrity of consumables through thorough testing for contaminants and adherence to health regulations. In the pharmaceutical sector, QC plays a critical role in verifying the potency and purity of drugs, ensuring they are safe for consumption. Additionally, in the software industry, QC involves extensive testing of applications and programs to identify bugs and errors before release, guaranteeing a smooth user experience. Across all industries, QC is a fundamental process that enhances customer satisfaction, boosts efficiency, and fosters a reputation for reliability.

Just as quality is a relative word with many interpretations, quality control itself doesn’t have a uniform, universal process. Some methods depend on the industry. Take food and drug products, for instance, where errors can put people at risk and create significant liability. These industries may rely more heavily on scientific measures, whereas others (such as education or coaching) may require a more holistic, qualitative method.

At its core, quality control requires attention to detail and research methodology.

So, what is quality control? There are a wide range of quality control methods , including:

Control Charts:

A graph or chart is used to study how processes are changing over time. Using statistics, the business and manufacturing processes are analyzed for being “in control.”

Process Control:

Processes are monitored and adjusted to ensure quality and improve performance. This is typically a technical process using feedback loops, industrial-level controls, and chemical processes to achieve consistency.

Acceptance Sampling:

A statistical measure is used to determine if a batch or sample of products meets the overall manufacturing standard.

Process Protocol:

A mapping methodology that improves the design and implementation processes by creating evaluative indicators for each step.

There are other quality control factors to consider when selecting a method in addition to types of processes.

Some companies establish internal quality control divisions when defining what is quality control. They do this to monitor products and services, while others rely on external bodies to track products and performance. These controls may be largely dependent on the industry of the business. Due to the strict nature of food inspections, for example, it may be in a company’s best interest to sample products internally and verify these results in a third-party lab.

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Quality Control (QC) is essential for various reasons, and its importance lies in the numerous benefits it brings to both businesses and consumers. Here are some key reasons why QC is crucial:

Customer Satisfaction: QC ensures that products and services meet or exceed customer expectations, leading to higher satisfaction levels and increased customer loyalty.

Defect Prevention: By identifying and correcting issues early in the production or service delivery process, QC helps prevent defects, reducing the likelihood of expensive recalls or rework.

Cost Reduction: Implementing QC measures can lead to reduced waste, lower production costs, and improved operational efficiency, contributing to overall cost savings.

Compliance and Regulations: QC ensures that products and services adhere to industry standards and regulatory requirements, avoiding legal issues and penalties.

Brand Reputation: Consistent high-quality products or services build a positive brand image, enhancing the company's reputation and competitiveness in the market.

Increased Efficiency: QC optimizes processes and identifies areas for improvement, leading to increased productivity and streamlined operations.

Risk Mitigation: Through rigorous testing and inspections, QC helps identify potential risks and hazards, enabling businesses to address them proactively.

Continuous Improvement: QC encourages a culture of continuous improvement, where organizations strive to enhance their products, services, and processes constantly.

International Competitiveness: High-quality products can open doors to global markets, increasing a company's competitiveness on an international scale.

Customer Retention and Loyalty: Satisfied customers are more likely to remain loyal and recommend the brand to others, contributing to long-term business success.

Overall, Quality Control is crucial for maintaining high standards, minimizing risks, and fostering a competitive advantage in today's dynamic and demanding business environment. It serves as the foundation for delivering superior products and services while ensuring customer satisfaction and loyalty.

When answering what is quality control, it is critical to understand that it consists of multifaceted responsibilities and roles. Moreover, it shouldn’t be confused with quality assurance. Whereas quality assurance looks at the processes used to prevent defects, quality control is focused specifically on the measurement and analysis processes involved with determining product quality.

Quality control uses specific research tools to accomplish fact-finding processes and conduct analyses. A quality control professional is tasked with analyzing these measurements against some sort of standard determined by the quality management department, company policies, and industries or regulatory bodies. Based on this evidence-gathering, quality control will recommend changes.

We can see from this roadmap, too, how quality assurance and quality control differ. Quality assurance looks at the holistic picture to prevent a product from becoming defective. Quality control, on the other hand, later determines if a product is, in fact, defective or not. Both roles fit under the broad umbrella of quality management.

Thus, an individual in quality control is tasked with communicating results to stakeholders and significant parties. A good quality control specialist will be able to disseminate scientific and research-based thinking to a business community and assist with the problem-solving process. These specialists are a key component of a product’s design process, as they determine whether a company’s creation is truly acceptable for the market.

Even though the terms quality control and quality assurance are sometimes used interchangeably, they have some key differences. Quality criteria, such as ensuring an item complies with specifications, are the main emphasis of quality control. Quality assurance is the sum of all processes and actions necessary to demonstrate that the requirements for quality are satisfied.

Quality control can be a fulfilling job if you enjoy dealing with people, talking, presenting results, and trying to make things better and safer. Depending on the sector, you may need the following qualifications to work as a quality control inspector:

Entry-level positions require a high school diploma.
Depending on the business, a bachelor's degree
A background in the industry
Certain businesses and sectors require licenses and certifications.

Additional characteristics required by quality control specialists include:

Observation of details
Talents in math and mechanics
Physical prowess and power
Technical expertise
Pressured performance

Career Path

There may be discrepancies because the path to quality assurance and control job varies by industry. However, you'll typically require a number of years of professional expertise in your field. After completing the necessary educational qualifications and gaining the necessary work experience, you are often hired as a quality assurance or control associate.

As you gain job experience, you can advance to the position of senior specialist and start leading groups of quality control specialists.

Your employer may require you to take professional development classes or obtain certifications like Six Sigma . A professional designation like Certified Quality Inspector may also be required.

Quality Control Salaries

Depending on the role, expertise, and industry, quality control specialists make a variety of salaries. As you get more expertise and advance into management positions, your pay rises. The average wage, as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is:

Services rendered by experts in science and technology: $46,280
Production: $40,020
Trade in bulk: $37,800
$30,070 for office supplies and support services

Quality control refers to a company's methods for assessing product quality and, if necessary, improving it. There are various ways to perform quality control, including benchmarking, examining manufacturing procedures, and testing products. All of this is done to keep track of significant product differences.

Three examples of quality control in the food sector are monitoring ingredient standards, verifying supplier lists, and making sure the manufacturing facility is hygienic.

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1. What is Quality Control (QC)?

Quality control is the process by which services/products are measured and tested to ensure they are as uniform as possible and meet a standard. It helps businesses minimize inconsistencies and improve product quality.

2. What are the four types of Quality Control?

The four types of quality control are process control, control charts, acceptance sampling, and product quality control. While a control chart helps study changing processes over time, process control and product quality control help monitor and adjust products as per the standards. Acceptance sampling is a unique type that involves a statistical measure to determine whether a batch or sample of products satisfies the standards.

3. Why is Quality Control important?

Quality control is important to safeguard the company’s reputation, prevent products from being unreliable, and increase trust on the side of consumers. It ensures that the company looks at evidence-based data and research rather than anecdotal observations to ensure that the services/products live up to the standards. It reduces cost and maximizes profit, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction.

4. What are three examples of Quality Control?

Some examples of quality control are: a high-speed car manufacturer runs thorough tests for every component, including manual and automated verifications; websites study the average response time per page for customer interactions and generate tickets when the service gets unacceptably slow; retail store owners employ secret shoppers to test the customer service of their stores.

5. What are the four steps of Quality Control?

The first step for quality control is to set your quality standards and decide which ones to focus on. Secondly, you must establish operational processes to deliver optimal quality and implement them. The third step is to review your results and identify gaps. Lastly, get feedback and make improvisations.

6. What are quality control techniques?

Inspection and Statistical quality control (SQC) are the two major techniques of Quality Control. Inspection checks the performance of items as per the pre-decided specifications. It involves periodic checking before, during and on completion of the process. It can be categorized into two types: Centralized and Floor Inspection. Statistical Quality Control relies on laws of probability. It controls the production quality within tolerance limits via sample procedure.

7. What is the difference QA and QC?

Quality Assurance (QA) focuses on preventing defects and maintaining the overall quality management system through process implementation and improvement. It ensures that proper processes are in place to avoid issues. On the other hand, Quality Control (QC) involves detecting and correcting defects through inspections and testing. QC ensures that products or services meet specific quality standards. While QA is proactive, emphasizing prevention, QC is reactive, emphasizing identification and correction of issues after they occur.

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Quality Control Essays

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What Is Quality Control (QC)?

Understanding QC
Difference With Quality Assurance

The Bottom Line

Business Essentials

Quality Control: What It Is, How It Works, and QC Careers

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Quality control (QC) is a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product quality is maintained or improved. Quality control requires the company to create an environment where management and employees strive for perfection. This is done by training personnel, creating benchmarks for product quality, and testing products to check for statistically significant variations.

A significant aspect of quality control is the establishment of well-defined controls . These controls help standardize both production and reactions to quality issues. Limiting room for error by specifying which production activities are to be completed by which personnel reduces the chance that employees will be involved in tasks for which they do not have adequate training.

Key Takeaways

Quality control (QC) is a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product quality is maintained or improved.
Quality control involves testing units and determining if they are within the specifications for the final product.
The quality control used in a business is highly dependent on the product or industry, and several techniques exist for measuring quality.
The food industry uses quality control methods to ensure customers do not get sick from their products.
Quality control creates safe measures that can be implemented to make sure deficient or damaged products do not end up with customers.

Ryan Oakley / Investopedia

Understanding Quality Control (QC)

Quality control involves testing units and determining if they are within the specifications for the final product. The purpose of the testing is to determine any need for corrective actions in the manufacturing process. Good quality control helps companies meet consumer demands for better products.

Why Is QC Needed?

Creating a product is costly, time-consuming, and can be unsafe without controls in place. Additionally, if a company sends defective products out for purchase, it could be held liable for injuries or issues that arise from using its products. Quality control inspectors ensure that defective or unsafe products are identified , and the causes are corrected.

How Is It Done?

Quality testing is generally completed in each step of a manufacturing or business process. Employees often begin by testing raw materials , pulling samples from the manufacturing line, and testing the finished product. Testing at the various stages of manufacturing helps identify where a production problem is occurring and the remedial steps it requires to prevent it in the future.

In a non-manufacturing business, quality testing can involve customer service evaluations, questionnaires, surveys, inspections, or audits. A business can use any process or method to verify that its end product or service meets the customer's needs and is safe and legal.

QC Is Different by Industry

The quality control used in a business is highly dependent on the product or industry. For example, in food and drug manufacturing, quality control includes ensuring the product does not make a consumer sick, so the company performs chemical and microbiological testing of samples from the production line.

In aircraft manufacturing, quality control and assurance is of the utmost importance. Manufacturers are required to document, track, inspect, and reinspect all items and phases of a build to build evidence that everything is completed to very strict standards.

In automobile manufacturing, quality control focuses on parts meeting specifications and tolerances. QC ensures engines, drive trains, and other mechanical parts operate smoothly, efficiently, safely, and as designed.

In electronics, quality testing might involve using meters that measure the flow of electricity and stress testing.

Quality Control vs. Quality Assurance

Quality control and quality assurance are terms often used to define the same thing, but there are distinct differences. Quality control focuses on quality requirements, such as ensuring a part meets specifications. Quality assurance refers to the sum of all actions and processes needed to demonstrate that quality requirements are fulfilled.

What this difference means for quality professionals is that as you move through a quality control career, you might transition from quality control to quality assurance. Quality control is part of quality assurance, which consists of programs and departments that assure upper-level management, customers, and government inspectors that products meet all quality requirements and safety standards .

Quality Control Methods

There are several methods quality control uses to communicate and track inspections and issues. For instance, a quality control chart is a graphic that depicts whether sampled products or processes are meeting their intended specifications—and, if not, the degree by which they vary from those specifications.

When one chart analyzes a specific product attribute, it is called a univariate chart. A chart that measures variances in several product attributes is called a multivariate chart. Tracking variances allows businesses to see how many defects per production unit they produce and what types of defects are occurring. Here are a few examples of some methods used.

X-Bar Chart

Randomly selected products are tested for the given attributes the chart is tracking. A common form of a quality control chart is the X-bar chart, where the y-axis on the graph tracks the degree to which the variance of the tested attribute is acceptable. The x-axis tracks the samples tested. Analyzing the variance pattern on this chart helps you determine if defects are occurring randomly or systematically.

Taguchi Method

The Taguchi Method of quality control is another approach that emphasizes the roles of research and development, product design, and product development in reducing the occurrence of defects and failures in products. The Taguchi Method considers design more important than the manufacturing process in quality control and tries to eliminate variances in production before they can occur.

100% Inspection Method

This 100% inspection method is a quality control process involving looking at and assessing all product parts. This type of quality control is done to rule out flaws in products. This method is often used to evaluate valuable metals. The 100% inspection method calls for data about the manufacturing process and software to analyze inventory.

The challenge of using this method is that looking at every single item used to build a product is expensive and could destabilize or render the product unusable. For example, if you use this method to examine organic strawberries, you risk damaging the berries, rendering them unsellable.

Quality control methods help standardize production and reactions to quality issues in various industries, from food production to automobile manufacturing.

Quality Control Careers

Quality control can be a rewarding career if you enjoy working with people, communicating, presenting results, and working to make products better and safer. To become a quality control inspector, you'll need (depending on the industry):

A high school diploma for entry-level positions
A bachelor's degree, depending on the industry
Experience in an industry
Licenses and certifications for some industries and businesses

Other qualities that are necessary for quality control professionals are:

Attention to detail
Mechanical and math skills
Physical abilities and strength
Technical skills
Performance under pressure

Career Path

The route to a career in quality control and assurance varies by industry, so there may be differences. However, you'll generally need several years of experience in your industry. Typically, you begin by being hired as a quality assurance or control associate after meeting educational and work experience requirements.

Once you gain work experience as a quality specialist or associate, you may move into a senior specialist position and begin managing teams of quality control specialists. You may attend professional development courses sponsored by your employer or be required to gain certifications such as Six Sigma. You might also need to earn a professional designation such as Certified Quality Inspector.

Moving up the career path, you have more options. You may be able to choose from or be selected to be a:

QA Systems Manager
QA Operations Manager
QA Compliance Manager

These positions can lead up to upper-level management or executive levels within quality control:

Director of Quality
Head of Compliance
Vice President of Quality

Quality Control Salaries

The average pay for quality control professionals differs by industry, experience, and position. Pay increases as you gain more experience and move into management positions. As of May 2022, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports average salaries as:

Professional, scientific and technical services: $47,480
Manufacturing: $44,900
Wholesale trade: $40,560
Administrative and support services: $34,190

What Does Quality Control Mean?

Quality control means how a company measures product quality and improves it if need be. Quality control can be done in many ways, from testing products, reviewing manufacturing processes, and creating benchmarks. This is all done to monitor significant variations in a product.

What Are the 4 Types of Quality Control?

There are several methods of quality control. These include an x-bar chart, Six Sigma, 100% inspection mode, and the Taguchi Method.

Why Is Quality Control Important?

Quality control ensures that defective goods do not go out to the public. Companies that have quality control methods in place often have employees who pay close attention to their work.

In food and drug manufacturing, quality control prevents products that make customers sick, and in manufacturing, quality control can ensure that accidents don't happen when people use a product.

What Are 3 Examples of Quality Control?

Three examples of quality control could be in the food industry; overseeing the ingredient specifications, reviewing supplier lists, and ensuring the facility where the food product is made is sanitary.

Having quality control in place within a business helps ensure product quality and the overall success of a business. The quality control environment influences employees' attitudes about the workplace and creates a sense of ownership of the products and company.

Quality control can be done in various ways, from training personnel to creating data-driven tools to test products and set standards. Quality control methods help create a safe work environment and products that are safe to use and meet customers' needs. Additionally, it is a rewarding career for someone who enjoys investigating issues and improving outcomes.

American Society for Quality. " Quality ASSURANCE & Quality control ."

Bureau of Labor Statistics. " How to Become a Quality Control Inspector ."

Proclinical. " Quality Assurance Career Path ."

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. " Quality Control Inspectors | Pay ."

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CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. The Contexts of Quality Systems 4 2.1. The Customers Gratification Perspective 5 2.2. The Ethical Perspective 5 2.3. The Legal Perspective 6 3. The Methods and Tools of Quality Control Process 7 3.1. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) 8 3.2. Cause and Effect Analysis (Fishbone Analysis) 9 3.3. DMAIC 10 4. Conclusion – The Impact of Quality Control and Assurance Management 11

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Essay: Quality Control

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Quality Control

What is control? What is the relationship between control and food safety? Do you know what is the standard procedure that must be meet up to ensure that all those particular food products are always in a safe condition? How do you know that all of the procedures are good enough to protect the food from being contaminated? What action would you take in order to minimize the risk of food contamination cases? According to the online Oxford Dictionary, ‘control’ means a person or thing used as a standard of comparison for checking the results of a survey or experiment. In alliance to the food safety area, controls are an important procedure that must take seriously by the operator of foodservice industry to ensure that the processed food items are safe and in an edible condition. Quality control is the totality of all those controllable aspects that give effect positively or negatively to the quality of the finished product such as selection of raw materials, processing methods, packaging, methods of storage distribution and others.

1.1 Raw Materials Control What is a raw material? Raw materials are the components that are used in the making of a product. It is the basic material that is used in the manufacture of a final product (Ask.com, 2014). In terms of food quality control, raw materials should be control from the very beginning of the production processes which start from the choosing and purchasing the raw materials itself till the end processes. There are seven (7) rules that must be check during selection of raw materials (Amankwa P.A, 1999). These procedures are made up to ensure the foods products are in a good condition so that it will be compatible with the particular market area: 1. The dominant raw material (s) are selected for priority of attention. 2. The selected raw materials are tested in relation to their contribution to product quality. 3. The raw materials tested are released from the stores only after the test results have been properly recorded. 4. Process control must relate the processing results to the raw materials test. 5. Define the critical points in the process and concentrate on these. 6. Finished product inspection should be reduced to the minimum level compatible with the confidence justified by the raw materials and process control. 7. Quality control is effective in proportion to its degree of integration into the overall organisation of the factory.

1.2 Process Control What is process? Why is it so important in foodservice organization? According to online Oxford Dictionary, ‘process’ means a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. Process control is important in food quality control organisation. The common technique which foodservice operator always practice in their food processing centre is Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). This regulation had been enforced by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The capabilities of the food processing centre which are in good situation, tools which are appropriately maintained and adjusted, personnel who are qualified and fully skilled, and procedures which are consistent and reproducible, are a few examples of GMPs regulation. Others than that, foodservice operator also would usually apply HACCP in their establishment. HACCP which stands for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point does take a major action in order to prevent any risk factors which could infect the food product. There are seven (7) elements in HACCP system which must be practice especially in foodservice organisation: 1. Conduct a hazard analysis: Determine the food safety hazards and recognize the precautionary measures the plan can apply to control these hazards. A food safety hazard might be any biological, chemical, or physical materials which may be the reason a food cannot be eat for human consumption. 2. Identify critical control points: A critical control point (CCP) is a point, in a food manufacturing process at which control can be practice and, as an outcome, a food safety hazard can be prevented, or reduced the risk to an tolerable level. 3. Establish critical limits for each critical control point: A critical limit is the maximum or minimum value to which a physical, biological, or chemical hazard must be controlled at a critical control point to prevent or reduce the risk to an acceptable level.

4. Establish critical control point monitoring requirements: Observing activities are needed to certify that the process is under control at each critical control point. 5. Establish corrective actions: These are actions which need to be taken when observing indicates nonconformity from an established critical limit. Corrective actions are projected to ensure that no product is injurious to health, or else adulterated. 6. Establish procedures for ensuring the HACCP system is working as intended: Validation ensures that the plants do what they were designed to do. Plants will be required to validate their own HACCP plans. 7. Establish record keeping procedures: The HACCP guideline needs all plants to preserve certain documents, plus its hazard analysis and written HACCP plan, and records documenting the observing of critical control points, critical limits, verification activities, and the handling of processing deviations.

1.3 Finished Product Control The quality of a finished product is very important for the consumer. All the finished product need to fulfil all the requirements on quality. They must have the appropriate nutritive value, typical sensory characteristics and fulfil all requirements from a safety point of view. The quality control of finished product is the crucial point of the whole quality control chain. An observation must be obtain on how finished products need to be effectively monitored bearing in mind that all the control systems in a factory should be designed at preventing variation and contamination. As a result of spot check the level of some problems can be predictable with a view to tightening up controls earlier in the process. There is several checking procedure of the products: – Pack weights and examination of process control pack weight records – Pack appearance, correctness of coding or overprinting – Storage tests to checks pack performance and product shelf life – Recording the incidences of broken products within packs – Organoleptic checks(tasting tests) on product texture and flavor – Metal detection facilities review of product from the automatic machines – Warehouse conditions example stacking and rotation of stocks – Procedure for loading trucks and damage during distribution – Storage conditions a stock rotation at depots. The finished product need to obtain the specification and control test to make sure the product that produce by the particular company is safe and can be distributed to the users. There is several specifications that is important to the manufacturer to follow in producing the good quality of product.

1.3.1 Finished Product Specification The finished product specifications are a set of tests and limits that are applied to the product in order to ensure that every batch is of satisfactory and consistent quality throughout its shelf life. The specifications must monitor all limitation where variation would be likely to affect the safety or efficiency of the product; and must ensure fulfilment with any applicable default standard. Usually, tighter limits are applied at batch produce to critical parameters to allow for analytical mistake during batch release testing and to allocate for potential changes to the product during storage. Where variety tests and limits are applied at batch release and expiry, this must be clearly designate in the application. 1.3.2 Labelling Labelling of food is the important part for the finished product. Its purpose is to provide the consumer with some of information which is necessary for making an informed choice in marketplace. The label should always bear the statement of identify, declaration of net contents, name and address of the manufacturer, packer or distributor and a list of ingredients. In labelling, the most important information needs to be required are date of production and final date of sale especially in perishable foods. National regulations usually require further data such as content of nutrients of the products such as amount of vitamins, protein, fats and carbohydrates, energy content, and information about the food additives. Labelling of food is legislatively regulated on national or international levels. 1.3.3 Chemical Composition Chemical composition of the finished product is very important to the consumer. Composition consist on the labels has to be in agreement with the given product. Water contents play an important role according to the stability of the perishable product during storage. The product with higher water content can expose in microbiological spoilage. Special intention is given to the control of additives, because only some of the additives can be used in some food products, usually in a concentration given by law.

1.4 Storage Control Food poisoning is usually cause by bacteria from foods that have been poorly stored, prepared, handled or cooked. Food contaminated with food poisoning bacteria may look, smell and taste normal. If food is not stored properly, the bacteria in it can easily multiply to dangerous levels. Incorrect storage of food can cause spoilage and food poisoning. Proper storage extends the shelf life of food, which expends on the types of food, the packaging of the food and storage conditions, particularly temperature and humidity. Food quality must not decrease significantly during storage if the retailer or consumers follow the recommended conditions and storage times. When the products are arrived, check the freshness dates on packaged food either the packaging is in the good condition. Make sure the refrigerated foods are cold and frozen foods are solid. Select the cold item and store them properly according to the proper temperature. Practice the first-in, first-out method which can reduce the risk of spoilage of the food. When stocking the food storage area, place recently purchased item behind existing food. This will help ensure food is consumed before spoilage occurs, and before the expiration date passes. Food rotation is important to preserve freshness. When food is rotated, the food that has been in storage the longest is used first. As food is used, new food is added to the pantry to replace it; the essential rationale is to use the oldest food as soon as possible so that nothing is in storage too long and becomes unsafe to eat. Labelling food with paper labels on the storage container, marking the date that the container is placed in storage can make this practice simpler. The best way to rotate food storage is to prepare meals with stored food on a daily basis. The cleanliness of the environment can affected the food during storage. Since the bacteria frequently get into food through careless food handling, it is important that everything is clean. Next is predicting storage times. The exact length of time that foods can be stored depends on a number of factors. The storage life of food is affected by its freshness when it reached the market, the length of time and the temperature at which food was held before purchase, storage temperature and humidity in the some places, storage container or packaging. Generally food will maintain quality longer at cooler storage temperature. For safety, it is important to verify the temperature of the refrigerator. Refrigerators should be set to maintain a temperature of 40 ??F or below. Some refrigerators have built-in thermometers to measure their internal temperature. For those refrigerators without this feature, keep an appliance thermometer in the refrigerator to monitor the temperature. This can be critical in the event of a power outage. When the power goes back on, if the refrigerator is still 40 ??F, the food is safe. Foods held at temperatures above 40 ??F for more than 2 hours should not be consumed. Appliance thermometers are specifically designed to provide accuracy at cold temperatures. Be sure refrigerator/freezer doors are closed tightly at all times. Don’t open refrigerator/freezer doors more often than necessary and close them as soon as possible. This is the guidelines of storing in refrigerator. -All refrigeration units must have an accurate indicating thermometer to monitor the temperature which is suitable with the temperature of products. -Temperatures must be maintained at 4??C (40??F) or less because in this temperature the bacteria cannot multiple easily. – Store all raw foods below cooked or ready to eat foods to prevent cross contamination. – Avoid packing refrigerator full, air needs to circulate to maintain proper temperature.

1.5 Distribution Control Food distribution involves transporting food from suppliers to consumers. Environmental conditions in certain areas are more encouraging to producing certain types of crops, and farmers based in these areas produce large numbers of crops that have to be dispersed to other locations. Different types of livestock are more suited to certain climates, and this means that livestock farming tends to be concentrated in particular areas. Governments and businesses are in authority for developing effective food distribution networks to ensure that supply does not exceed demand. Protecting the product is one of the most important aspects of the food distribution process. When food is in transit, distribution companies have to guarantee that the food is kept at a temperature that prevents it from spoiling. Planes and distribution trucks that been use for distribution are fitted with refrigeration systems and freezers. Measures also have to be taken protect foodstuffs and beverages that are stored in fragile containers, such as glass jars or bottles. In foodservice industry, the most products that must be prioritized are the ice products and raw material products. Iced products usually include items such as broccoli, celery, green onions and others while raw material product can be define as meat, poultry and egg product. Usually this will give a sort challenges to distributors in order for them to distribute and transporting the product. Ice products are normally packed in waxed grooved cartons and top with iced to keep them cool during transport and storage. Transport and storage temperatures are typically controlled at approximately 1?? C – 3?? C or 33?? F until 36?? F. At this temperature, this allows the ice to melt and the water from melted ice will run down through the product and on to the pallet on which products are packed, then finally onto the floor of the conveyance or cooler in which they are carried or stored. As the melt water gets on to the floor of a trailer, it has the ability to cross contaminate other products. For example, when the trailer hit the bump or going downhill and uphill, the water can be splashed upwards onto other pallets or goods inside. By that condition, it will carry the contamination with it. There are some of the solutions that can be implemented in order to prevent the melt water from contaminating the product. In a storage or distribution facility iced products should never be placed above any other food product. If storage space is only available vertically, then other effective controls must be implemented. Drip guards to protect the products underneath and implement sanitation procedures such as used the method of cleaning and sanitizing. In the other side, we will discuss about food quality control in transporting and distribution of meat, poultry and egg product. Meat, poultry, and egg products are product that suspected have high risk of contamination from a wide variety of physical, microbial, chemical, and radiological agents. These products are particularly exposed to microbiological hazards because their moisture, pH levels, and high protein content promote ideal environments for bacteria to growth and manipulate. Meat, poultry, and egg products must be refrigerated or frozen after processing and before delivery to prevent spoilage and growth of pathogens.

In order to practice the good food quality control in distribution part, the distributor should be aware start from the vehicle or truck that will be deliver the product until the unloading of the product. This might require a lot of process, but since meat, poultry and egg product seems have a good criterion in promoting bacteria; all of these procedure must be aware. i. Vehicles Used To Transport Meat, Poultry, and Egg Products ‘ Design and construct vehicles to protect product. – Vehicles should be designed and built to make locking and sealing easy, protect the cargo against extremes of heat and cold, and prevent infestation by pests. – Vehicle design should permit effective inspection, cleaning, disinfection, and temperature control. – Interior surfaces should be made of materials that are suitable for direct food contact. For example, the surfaces may be made with stainless steel or be coated with food-grade epoxy resins ‘ Sanitize and properly maintain vehicles. – Different cleaning procedures may be necessary for the different types of meat, poultry, or egg products that are to be transported. The type of product transported and the cleaning procedure used should be recorded. Generally, wash water should be at least 180 ??F (82 ??C) and an approved sanitizer may be used to reduce the number of microorganisms and dissolve any fat particles adhering to interior surfaces.

– Equipment used in transferring meat, poultry, and egg products, such as hand trucks, conveyors, and forklifts, should be well maintained and kept in a sanitary condition. ‘ Use dedicated transport vehicles. – Transport vehicles, containers, and conveyances should be designated and marked ‘for food use only,’ and be used only for transporting foods. This reduces the risk of cross contamination from previous cargo. ii. Pre-loading – Facilities should have an effective, systematic program for preventing environmental contamination and infestation by insects, vermin. – Trailers and trucks should be pre-cooled for at least 1 hour before loading to remove residual heat from the insulation and inner lining of the trailer as well as from the air of the trailer. For pre-cooling, the doors should be closed and the temperature setting of the unit should be no higher than 26 ??F. However, that poultry products labeled ‘fresh’ must be shipped at temperatures higher than 26 ??F, usually between 26 ??F and 32 ??F. – Examine trailer doors and seals to ensure that they can be secured and that there will be no air leaks. – Dock foremen should document that all freight is 40 ??F or lower before loading. Freight should not be allowed to remain on the loading dock in warm weather in order to prevent the product temperature from rising above 40 ??F. iii. Loading – Use spacers on sidewalls and at the ends of trailers as well as pallets on the floor so that proper air circulation can be maintained. – Keep loading time as short as possible to prevent temperature changes that could threaten the safety or quality of food products. – Close doors immediately after the truck has pulled away from dock. iv. Unloading – Product should be inspected and sorted before being accepted at any point during transportation. – Establish policy and procedures for rejection of packages and products that are not acceptable, can’t be verified against the delivery roster, or contain unacceptable changes to shipping documents. – Move product from the loading dock into cold storage immediately to minimize product exposure to heat and contaminants. Conclusion As a conclusion, there are several factors that should be aware in order to achieve a good food quality control in foodservice industry. Starting from raw material selection and product quality which have seven role included selected the raw material, tested raw material in relation to their contribution to product quality, the process, the critical control point and finished product inspection, how the process being control, the finished product control, storage control until the last step which is distribution control that consist of factor that should be aware such as vehicle that has been used for transportation, pre loading, loading and unloading. Besides that, in order to maintain the food quality control, several systems such as HCCAP, GMP, and FIFO can be practice by the foodservice organization. Every factor involve quality control have their own role and responsibilities.

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Essay on quality control (with diagram)| products.

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Read this article to learn about Quality Control. After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Definition of Quality Control 2. Objectives of Quality Control 3. Principles 4. Functions 5. Phases 6. Advantages.

Essay on the Advantages of Quality Control

Essay # 1. Definition of Quality Control :

According to Alford and Beatly quality control is that “Industrial management technique or group of techniques by means of which products of uniform acceptable quality are manufactured.”

So quality control determines what, when and how much to inspect and what steps should be taken so that defectives are not produced i.e. it is concerned with making things right rather than discovering and rejecting those made wrong. Thus it is preventive and not a corrective action.

Quality control may be defined as “the systematic control of those variables encountered in a manufacturing process which affect the excellence of the product.” Such variables may result from the application of 5 Ms i.e. Men, Machines, Materials, Manufacturing techniques and Money required for acquiring these four inputs.

According to Norman Gaither contrary to popular perception, quality control does not start after the items/goods/products are produced. Rather, it begins much before the goods and services are delivered to consumers. As shown in Fig. 9.1 at the initiation of production system, raw materials, components parts and other inputs must be of acceptable quality before they are allowed to be utilized.

Materials must possess the requisite specifications such as weight, strength surface finish, chemical contents and other characteristics.

Further as the inputs of the production system advance through production processes, the quality of these partly finished items is monitored to identify whether the system is operating on the expected lines. Thus monitoring is essential for operating managers to take corrective action before poor quality products and services are produced.

Hence finished products and services are inspected to determine their acceptability.

In other words it may be defined as that function or collection of various duties which must be performed throughout the organization in order that products are made to measure upto specifications determined from consumers demands or achieve its quality objective or other way round quality is every body’s business and not only of inspection personnel.

Essay # 2. Objectives of Quality Control :

The fundamental purpose of quality control is to maintain the quality standard of the manufactured items/products at optimum cost.

However, some important quality control objectives are as follows:

(1) To decide about the standards of quality that are readily acceptable to the customer/consumer and economical to achieve and maintain.

(2) To carefully observe and analyse the extent of quality deviation in product/part/component from the predetermined standards of quality of the product during manufacture and to determine the causes of such deviation, when it cannot be attributed to chance causes.

(3) To apply corrective measures to achieve the real goal of quality control.

(4) To avoid as far as possible items reaching the customer which are of lower quality standard than considered acceptable.

(5) To take different measures to improve the product quality or checking the quality from dropping below the designed level during manufacture.

Essay # 3. Principles of Quality Control:

The principles of quality control which govern the manufacturing system are as follows:

(1) Under the present competitive manufacturing conditions quality of the goods being manufactured is a variable having upward trend.

(2) The quality control increases the sales volume and decreases the cost of production, distribution and hence makes mass production economical.

(3) The conformance of finished products to the pre-decided standards and specifications should be accomplished by using preventive measures instead of following corrective ones.

Essay # 4. Functions of Quality Control Department :

The quality control department in the organization is represented by its head may be quality controller or quality control engineer. He has to perform following functions:

(1) Advises the organization/management about inspection and quality control policy formulation/or modification.

(2) Decides inspection standards in the light of design tolerances.

(3) Drafts the departmental budget and controls the operating expenses.

(4) Supervises the departmental activities.

(5) Participates as advisor in the top management meetings concerning the production distribution and marketing of the product.

(6) Selects inspection points required for achieving the desired quality levels.

(7) Selects inspection gauges, tools and equipment’s, also ensures that these are maintained in good working conditions.

(8) Collaborates with sampling regarding the choice of statistical quality control techniques/charts to be adopted.

(9) Decides whether sampling inspection or 100% inspection to be adopted for achieving decided quality levels.

(10) Collaborates with statisticians on designing the efficient sampling plans for quality control purposes.

Essay # 5. Phases of Quality Control :

In the words of A.Y. Fegorbaum, “Quality control is an effective system for integrating the quality development, quantity maintenance and quality improvement efforts of the various groups in an organization, so as to enable production of goods and services at the most economical levels which allow full customer satisfaction.”

Thus quality control system consists of the following phases:

Policy of the Organization towards Quality Control of Their Products:

Such policy is generally formulated by the top management of the company as it is dependent upon inter-related factors. The characteristics of the product like price, durability, dependability, appearance and size are the determining factors of quality standards. So the main consideration is the attitude of the product market for the different levels of the quality of product.

Quality and Product Design :

The quality standards provide guidance to designers while suggesting or prescribing the nature of raw materials, manufacturing techniques and other service requirements in order to produce the items/goods of desired standards. Thus standards provide basis for quality control.

In process Quality Control or Quality Control during Manufacturing Cycle:

The following are important stages where quality control techniques can be applied during the course of manufacturing process.

(i) Input materials inspection stage i.e., in coming raw materials/semi-finished/finished parts or components are inspected.

(ii) Product inspection during manufacturing and control/rectification of the process, if needed.

(iii) Inspection and control of the final product.

Thus the quality control techniques try to screen out those products which do not conform to quality standards and suggest corrective action required. Sometimes quality control studies suggest necessity of revision of quality standards or design changes in the product.

Control in Distribution, Installation During and After Sales Use:

The real user of the product is the customer and he should feel satisfied with the performance of the product. So quality control function should be active even after distribution, installation and post-sales use of the product in order to generate the confidence of the consumer in the product.

Essay # 6. Advantages of Quality Control:

The advantages of quality control are listed below:

(1) Quality control may lead to quality improvement of the product which in turn increases sales volume.

(2) It reduces the inspection cost.

(3) Quality control reduces scrap, rejections and rework, thus reducing wastage. So the cost of manufacturing is reduced.

(4) Good quality of the product improves reputation of the enterprise.

(5) Leads to manufacturer and consumer relations improvement.

(6) Results in improvement of technical knowledge and collection of engineering data for process development and manufacturing design thus leading to cost reduction and product standardization.

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Essay on Quality Control | Products | Production Management

Here is an essay on the ‘Quality Control and Inspection of Products’ for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on the ‘Quality Control and Inspection of Products’ especially written for school and management students.

Essay # 1. Quality Control of Products:

Quality is some prescribed or desired characteristics present in raw material, semi-finished or finished items. It is a relative term and is generally used with reference to the end use of the product viz. fitness for purpose, degree of preference, degree of excellence, fulfilment of the promises made to the customer, quality of design, etc.

In every manufacturing organisation there are always some standard specifications laid down either by the producer or the consumer and it is important that the finished product meet established specifications.

A good quality item is one which conform to the specifications. Quality characteristics can be divided in two main categories, namely Quantitative and Qualitative. Quantitative characteristics are those where direct quantitative measurement is possible e.g. weight, height, diameter etc. These characteristics can be measured by some specific instruments.

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In the case of Qualitative characteristics direct quantitative measurement is not possible, e.g. cracks, breakage, colour etc. These can be determined by inspection only and be classified as defective or non-defective.

Producers and consumers are two main components of a business activity. Producer is responsible for the production and marketing of his product. His fundamental objective is to manufacture the product of desired quality in the most economical manner with minimum risk of being rejected by the consumer.

Products superior or inferior than the specifications are not acceptable to the producer. Because the superior products will need more expenditure and the inferior ones will not be acceptable to the consumer. In both situations there will be a loss to the producer.

Similarly consumer always wants to purchase the goods of desired quality. When consumer knows that he is getting goods of desired specifications, he buys the product with confidence and the market for the product expands.

But every manufacturing process is a repetitive process depending both on controllable and uncontrollable factors. Due to this there is bound to be some deviations in the quality of the product, i.e. variation in the quality of a product is inherent in every production process. This deviation in the quality of the product can be due to internal as well as external factors of the system viz. machines, material, etc.

Thus there is always a necessity that the deviations in the quality of the product should be discovered and corrected. Now Control is the process of verification or correction in the quality of the product when the deviations in the quality are found to be more than expected.

Thus Quality control is of great value both to the producer and consumer. It helps in solving many manufacturing problems, which could be solved otherwise.

Objects of Quality Control:

The fundamental purpose of Quality Control is to maintain the quality standard of the manufactured product at an optimum cost.

However some of the characteristics of qualify control objectives can be listed as:

(i) Assessment of quality standards at different stages of the production process i.e. at the stages of raw materials, in process products and final product.

(ii) To recommend for the remedial or corrective action when the process goes out of control.

(iii) To suggest suitable improvements in the quality of the product, if any, without affecting the cost of production. This may lead to increase in the demand of the product as the product become more acceptable to consumer.

(iv) Quality control operations introduce quality consciousness in the organisation and generates confidence, goodwill and reputation for the manufacturer.

(v) Reliability regarding the quality of the product is improved and there is reduction in cost through reduction of the losses due to defects.

Phases of Quality Control:

According to A. Y. Feigorbaum, “ Quality control is an effective system for integrating the quality development, quantity maintenance and quality improvement efforts of the various groups in an organisation, so as to enable production of goods and services at the most economical levels which allow full customer satisfaction “.

Quality Control system consists of the following four phases:

(i) Policy of the Organisation towards Quality Control of their Product:

The policy depends on many interrelated aspects and is generally formulated by top management. The main consideration is the attitude of the market of the product at different levels of the quality of product. The choice determines the characteristic of the product viz. price, dependability durability, size etc. for the determination of quality standards.

The objectives of the organisation become the basis for determining the quality levels.

(ii) Quality and Product Design:

The approach of the enterprise towards the quality standards guides the product designer to prescribe the nature of raw material, production process and other service requirement to produce the product of desired standards. The standards become the basis for quality control.

(iii) Quality Control during the Production Process:

There are three main stages where the quality control operations can be applied during the course of manufacturing process.

(a) Raw material stage

(b) Product’ inspection and control of the process and

Here a quality control technique tries to screen out those items which do not conform to quality standards and recommends corrective action, if any, because scrapping becomes necessary. Sometimes on the basis of quality control study during the processing of manufacturing operations one may suggest necessity of revising the quality standards and design of the product.

(iv) Quality Control in Distribution, Installation and Use:

Actual user of the product is consumer and he should be satisfied with the performance of the product. Any item produced according to desired standards may not be acceptable to the consumer due to damage during distribution process or for poor installation. A post sales evaluation also helps in generating the confidence of the consumer in the product.

Steps in Quality Control Programme :

The following are the steps in the operation of Quality Control activities in any organisation:

(i) Formulation of Quality Control policy.

(ii) Determination of producer’s requirements and the specifications on the basis of customer’s preference, cost of production and profits.

(iii) Selection of appropriate inspection plan for checking the quality of items produced.

(iv) Detect deviations, if any, from the set standards or specifications.

(v) Suggest some corrective action necessary for improvement in level of quality achieved.

Specification of Quality :

A specification is some concept related to some phenomenon in the mind of the consumer or producer and expressed through some description, drawings etc.

The quality specification takes on the characteristics of Industrial laws to specify what is wrong and right. In production systems these specifications may include inputs/finished goods specifications; process specifications; specifications regarding the end use of the product; criteria for acceptance and rejection of items etc.

Alternately specifications generally contain:

(i) Description of conditions under which the product is intended to be used

(ii) Procedure for installations, precautions to be taken while using the product

(iii) Operating procedure or

(iv) Maintenance procedure.

Essay # 2. Inspection of Products:

Inspection is the process of examining an object for identification or checking it for verification of quality and quantity in any of its characteristics.

It is an important tool for ascertaining and controlling the quality of a product:

In the words of Alford and Beatty, “Inspection is the art of applying tests, preferably by the aid of measuring appliances to observe whether a given item or product is within the specified limits of variability or not”. According to Sprigel and Lansburg “Inspection is the process of measuring the qualities of a product or services in terms of established standards.” The standards can be in terms of strength, hardness, shape, etc.

The purpose of inspection is to see that items are produced within the specified limits of variability. Inspection in its broadest sense is the art of comparing materials, product, or performances with established standards. By means of inspection one can take a decision to accept or reject certain item. The items are accepted if these conform with the given specifications otherwise rejected.

Functions of Inspection :

The following are some of the important functions of inspection:

(i) Maintenance of specified standards of the quality of products.

(ii) Devising means for conducting inspection at lower cost.

(iii) Segregating spoilt work, which may be salvaged by reoperation.

(iv) Maintaining inspection equipment in good condition.

(v) Detection of defects at source to reduce scraps and defective work.

(vi) Furnishing advice to operators when production difficulties arise.

(vii) Reporting source of manufacturing troubles to management.

Objectives of Inspection:

Fundamental objectives of Inspection are:

(i) To safeguard the quality of the finished products by comparing raw- materials, workmanship and final product with some set standards. It prevents further work being done on semi-finished product already detected as spoiled.

(ii) The defective items are located and the factors responsible for this discrepancy in the quality of the product are then identified to take corrective measures. This results in enhancing the prestige and confidence of the organisation in the eyes of the consumer.

(iii) The reduction in the risk and possibility of items not accepted by consumer saves the producer as well as the consumer from losses if any and also reduces the cost of production.

(iv) To detect sources of weakness and trouble in the finished product and thus check the work of designers.

Essential Steps for Inspection :

There are five main steps in inspection:

(i) Characteristics about which the quality of the items is to be inspected should be carefully established.

(ii) A decision regarding when and where the inspection should take place is to be taken.

(iii) To find that how many items are to be inspected i.e. 100% or sampling inspection. Here the level of accuracy desired and the nature of the production process are taken into consideration.

(iv) The sampling scheme for the selection of items from the lots should be selected

(v) Specification limits for the acceptance and rejection of items should be formulated.

Areas to Inspect :

Inspection may take place right in the processing area or at a separate inspection station. The choice of location depends on the process flows and on the problems of scheduling the inspection function which must be treated as yet another operation in the total process.

The first line of defence is the worker who can avoid making defects. Then come in inspectors who are usually trained separately from the workers to obtain benefits of specialisation.

They are taught to use gauges, test instruments, micro-meters and procedures at which they become increasingly proficient. Sometimes inspection tools cannot be placed in the production line. Then the work may have to leave the normal flow to go to an inspection station.

During a production process there are many stages where inspection can be done. The choice depends mainly on the convenience of the organisation as well as its approach towards the maintenance of the products quality.

In general, inspection can be carried out at following locations:

(i) Items can be inspected either at the vendor’s place or at the purchaser’s premises.

(ii) Semi-finished items are inspected during the production process.

(iii) Inspection of finished products.

(iv) Post-sales quality evaluation.

Purchaser or Vendor Place Inspection:

Here the inspection is carried out mainly to ascertain the quality of raw material. The quality of the finished goods in general depends on the quality of raw material and proper precaution at this stage will minimise the chances of rejection at later stages. Here 100% inspection is done to ensure that raw material supplied is in accordance with the specifications laid down in purchase order.

It is always said that prevention is better than cure. Verification of quality standards in the beginning ensures uninterrupted production schedule because in the case of observing some sub-standard material at a later stage may result a delay in the supply of fresh material and thus a breakdown or stoppage in production process may happen.

The outcome is idle machines and labour. This type of inspection strategy also provides a sound basis for negotiating regarding quality of the raw material with the supplier.

Depending on the nature of the material and the policy of the purchasing organisation, this kind of inspection can be done either at the vendor’s place or at the purchaser’s place. In the case of heavy and large size items, it is always convenient to inspect the items at the vendor’s place by the inspectors of the purchaser.

They can check the process and operating conditions according to some previously laid conditions. Here the costs associated with material handling and transportation of goods is considerably reduced. The defective parts if any are also replaced immediately. Sometimes this type of inspection reduces the volume of inspection at purchaser’s place.

In-Process Inspection :

In this era of automation, in- process inspection has become an important and inevitable activity of the production strategy. Producing the items upto mark is the first objective of every organisation. To accomplish this goal the defective items, if any, should be located as quickly as possible, so that the remedial steps are taken to avoid scrapping of future products.

The in-process inspection can be classified as:

(i) Trial run inspection.

(ii) First-off inspection.

(iii) Inspection by self-control.

(iv) Decentralized/floor/patrolling inspection.

(v) Centralised or crib inspection.

(i) Trial Run Inspection:

Here the tool/machine is checked against its drawing and specification before commencement of operation. A trial run is made with a single piece. If piece conforms with specifications then the production is allowed to be carried on otherwise remedial measures are taken.

(ii) First-Off Inspection:

The items produced in the first production run are inspected and examined with respect to specifications thoroughly and carefully. The method is concerned with checking the setup of the machine. Here the reasons for discrepancy in actual and specified standards are located and corrected. This inspection reduces the chances of scrap at later stages when the production is in full swing.

(iii) Inspection by Self-Control:

This kind of inspection is done mainly by the operators, controlling the operations at different levels of the production process. The operators are conversant with the desired quality specifications and they are vested with the responsibility to check the process against the laid standards from time to time during the course of their work.

This approach is based on the well-known concept that catching a defect after it has occurred is poor second best. Here the remedial step can be taken at once and thus reduces the chances of scrap. Secondly operator’s time is utilised more efficiently.

The only drawback of the method is that as the same person being responsible for operation as well as inspection, the chances of human bias are likely to be more. To avoid this q provision of inspection by some independent person should also be made.

(iv) Decentralized/Floor Inspection:

Here the semi-finished goods are inspected either on the machines or in the production line. The possibility of handling the items is considerably reduced and the discrepancy or defects if any are located immediately.

Floor inspection ranges from mere patrolling. Supervision in keeping an eye on work at machine to careful testing by intricate measurement of products by means of measuring appliances.

The following are the advantages and disadvantages of floor inspection:

(a) Production delays, scrap and defective work may be reduced.

(b) Handling costs, traveling times in moving products to a central inspection room and back to the department may be saved.

(c) Promptness in inspection may result in increased rate of production, decrease in process inventories and ensure better utilisation of the production capacity.

(d) More appropriate for product layout.

(e) Suitable for large and heavy jobs like big machines; ships, etc.

Disadvantages:

(a) Less freedom of movement to the operator.

(b) Sufficient space is not available for inspection work.

(d) Work in process is scattered resulting in inspection difficulties.

(e) Inspection of high accuracy requiring precision instruments cannot be performed on shop floor.

(f) Dust, vibration, noise and other floor conditions are not suitable for close inspection.

(v) Centralised or Crib Inspection:

Under this scheme there can be single inspection unit for the whole plant or each section can have an inspection unit to inspect the items produced by its unit. The items are shifted to the inspection units for necessary inspection. The inspection staff in such situation is likely to be more experienced and skilled in their work.

Also the department can use more sophisticated and reliable instruments and techniques to measure the quality of the items. Thus centralised inspection is likely to be more reliable and accurate. But in this case there are more chances of material handling and there may be some situations e.g. large size or heavy items where shifting of items may not be simple and lead to other complications.

The basic idea in centralised inspection is separation of inspection from manufacturing. Generally the inspection cribs are placed parallel with the flow of work through machines in the shop.

Advantages of Centralised Inspection are:

(a) There is accurate counting of good and bad items.

(b) No chance of collusion between production men and inspectors.

(d) Priorities of inspection may be planned according to loads on the production department.

(e) More sophisticated instruments for inspection can be used.

(a) Errors are not revealed quickly.

(b) Requires more materials handling.

(d) There may be larger work in process inventory.

(e) Defects of a job are not known before it is completed. Thus remedial steps cannot be timely taken on the spot.

Thus the choice of centralised or decentralised inspection strategy depends on the nature of the product, volume of the work, quality consciousness of the enterprise, and the production process. The main purpose of inspection is to locate the defect as soon as it occurs and to see that it is not repeated in future operations.

Moreover the quality control operations are to be performed and planned economically. In some cases a combination of centralised and decentralise inspection policy is also pursued.

Final Inspection :

The finished products are inspected and tested to verify the quality standards. The items found to be defective are not marketed. Thus only items of desired specification goes into the hands of consumer. Naturally there are more chances of scrap in this method of inspection as the rejected items cannot be corrected at this stage or it may be quite expensive to do so.

But this type of inspection provides valuable information and guidelines about the comparison of different process, assessment of various inspection procedures and the evaluation of defective work etc. Here producer risk is more and consumer risk is minimized.

Post-Sales Quality Evaluation :

There is always a possibility that any item approved in terms of its quality standards may not render satisfactory and reliable service to the customer. There can be regular complaints about this from the consumer or sometimes the consumer may insist to return or ask for replacement of the item during the guarantee period.

In such case the items rejected by the consumers should be thoroughly inspected to locate the reasons for defects and suggestions should be made for necessary improvements. This can be done by providing after sales service to the customer.

Nature and Extent of Inspection :

(i) When great accuracy of the product is desired.

(ii) When model changes are frequent.

(iii) There is a rise in quality standards.

(iv) When an item has many parameters and the standards are liable to change.

Inspection should be designed to suit the particular requirements of any manufacturing system. General rule is to inspect as long as the expected value from the inspection keeps increasing.

Expected value from inspection = cost of inspection + ∑ Expected value of gains + ∑ Expected value of loss avoided.

Cost of inspection includes labour time and administrative efforts introduced into the system. The gains include the returns for higher grades.

Essay # 3. Acceptance Sampling:

Any inspection procedure involving 100% inspection needs huge expenditure of time, money and labour. Expenditure on inspection is always considered as ‘dead weight cost’. Moreover due to boredom and fatigue involved in the repetitive inspection process there is always a possibility to overlook some defective item even by most competent and efficient inspectors.

Also the nature of items may be such that these may be completely destroyed during the process of inspection e.g. life of a candle. Evidently in such cases 100% inspection cannot be planned.

The alternative is statistical sampling inspection methods. Here from the whole lot some items are selected for inspection and a decision regarding the quality of the whole lot is taken on the basis of the sampled items. The items can be selected by various sampling methods.

Here the whole lot is accepted if the sample items conform to the specifications otherwise it is rejected. Thus the sample items are considered to be the representatives of the, whole lot. The method of rejecting or accepting a lot on the basis of a simple is known as Acceptance sampling or sampling inspection.

Acceptance sampling is the process of evaluating a portion of the product material in a lot for the purpose of accepting or rejecting the lot as either conforming or not conforming to quality specifications.

Advantages of Acceptance Sampling:

The advantages of sampling inspection can be listed as follows:

(i) Items of destructive nature during inspection can be inspected by sampling only.

(ii) Economy of time and money in comparison to 100% inspection.

(iii) Problem of inspection fatigue occurring in 100% inspection is eliminated.

(iv) Small inspection staff required.

(v) Due to quick inspection, scheduling and delivery times are improved.

(vi) Can exert more effective pressure on quality improvement than the rejection of individual items.

Limitations of Acceptance Sampling:

(i) Since the conclusion is based on a sample there is always some likelihood/risk of making wrong inference about the quality of the lot.

This is termed as Producer’s risk or consumer’s risk.

(ii) The success of the scheme depends on, randomness of samples, quality characteristic to be tested, lot size, acceptance criteria etc.

Producer’s and Consumer’s Risk:

The acceptance or rejection of whole lot in acceptance sampling depends on the conclusions drawn from a sample. The accuracy of these conclusions depends upon the nature of the sample. There is always a chance that a sample may not be representative of the population from which it is drawn i.e. the lots or batches.

This leads to two kinds of risks:

(i) The sample inspection accepts a lot which otherwise would have, been rejected i.e. the whole lot in reality does not conform to specifications. In this case the consumer will accept a lot which may contain too high number of defective items. This is known as Consumer’s risk. It is the probability of defective lots being accepted which otherwise would have been rejected.

(ii) Sample inspection rejects a lot which otherwise should have been accepted i.e. the lot or batch in reality has a lower percentage of items than specified. Naturally this will be loss to the producer and is known as Producer’s risk. It is probability of rejecting a good lot which otherwise would have been accepted.

At first impression it appears that the producer and consumer should have been completely opposite viewpoints towards acceptance sampling. But it is observed that there is a continuing relationship between procedure long run the costs incident to the rejection of good products tend to be passed on by the producer to the consumer.

Terms used in Acceptance Sampling:

Following terms are generally used in acceptance sampling:

(i) Average Out-Going Quality (A.O.Q.):

When the initial quality of the goods inspected is high, when the outgoing quality will also be high and in the same way when the initial quality is poor then too the outgoing quality will be high as the sampling inspection will easily sort out the defective items from the lot. A.O.Q is the expected fraction defectives in the outgoing lots after sampling inspection It is defined as

(ii) Accepted Quality Level (A Q L):

It represents maximum proportion of defectives which the consumer finds acceptable. It is the maxim um percent defectives that for the purpose of sampling inspection can be considered satisfactory. It is the fraction defective that can be tolerated without any serious effect upon further processing or on customer relations. In fact this level has probability of acceptance and is rather procedure’s safe point.

(iii) Rejectable Quality Level (RQL) or Lot Tolerance Percent Defective (LTPD):

This prescribes the dividing line between good and bad lots. Lots at this level of Quality are considered to be poor and have low probability of acceptance. The probability of accepting a lot at RQL represents consumer’s risk.

(iv) OC- Curve:

Operation Characteristic curve for a sampling plan is a graph of fraction defective in a lot against the probability of Acceptance. In practice the performance of acceptance sampling for discriminating good and bad lots mainly depends on the size of the sample (n) and the number not defectives (c) that can be permitted in sample.

For any fraction defectives ‘p’ the OC curve shows that such a lot will be accepted by the sampling plan. For different sampling plans OC curve will differ.

Characteristics of OC Curve:

(a) Sampling acceptance plans with same percent samples give different quality protection.

(b) Fixed sample size tends towards constant quality protection.

(c) The OC curve of plans with acceptance number grater then zero are superior to those comparable plans with acceptance number as zero.

(d) The larger the sample size and acceptance number, steeper is the stope of the OC curve.

(e) A sampling scheme that discriminates perfectly between good and bad lots have a vertical OC curve.

IvyPanda . (2024) 'Quality Control Issues in Production'. 23 February.

IvyPanda . 2024. "Quality Control Issues in Production." February 23, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/quality-control-issues-in-production/.

1. IvyPanda . "Quality Control Issues in Production." February 23, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/quality-control-issues-in-production/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Quality Control Issues in Production." February 23, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/quality-control-issues-in-production/.

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Grade 10 Business Studies: Concept of Quality

Good morning learners. We are starting with a new topic for today's lesson. Please watch the following videos posted below.

Quality Management

Quality in relation to the Business Functions

You are required to write an essay based on the Concept of Quality.

Your essay should include:

Name and Surname on cover page

Maximum of 2 pages

Due Date: 9 September 2021

The following format should be used when writing your essay.

Introduction

Start your essay by writing the word Introduction as your first heading. You are required to underline all headings and subheadings in the essay. The introduction should have Two complete facts related to the topic. Do not repeat the given scenario as no marks will be rewarded for this.

You are required to write the word body after the introduction. The body of the essay must be divided according to subheadings. The subheadings are the main points that you are required to write about or explain which will be given in the instruction. The bullets given need to be rewritten as subheadings. For every subheading provide a minimum of 4-5 full actual sentences on the relevant subheading. Do not repeat facts nor the information given in the scenario as no marks will be given for repetition.

Start with writing the word conclusion after your body. You are required to end your essay with a minimum of Two relevant and meaningful facts of the topic discussed without repeating any of the facts given in the essay. Summarise your key points by bringing the ideas together. No marks will be rewarded for repetition. It is important that your opinion is presented in the conclusion.

Nike Quality

Difference between Adidas and Nike

https://www.shoesconsultant.com/nike-and-adidas-shoe/

Importance of Quality for a business

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-quality-important-business-kumar-chetan

Additional Notes

Quality refers to a goods/service ability to satisfy a specific need and exceeds customers’ expectations on a continuous basis.

Quality Control

A system that ensures the desired quality is met by inspecting the final product to ensure that it meets the required standards.

Quality Assurance

Checks carried out during and after the production process to ensure required standards have been met at every stage of the process.

The process of managing all activities needed to ensure a business produces goods and services of consistently high standard.

Difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance

Importance of quality for businesses

Markets are highly competitive:

Customers are more

Knowledgeable & demanding
Prepared to complain about poor quality
Able to share information about poor quality (e.g. via email & social networking)
If a business can develop a reputation for high quality then it may be able to create an advantage over its competitors.

Quality helps business determine success in a number of ways:

Customer loyalty- they return, make repeat purchases and recommend the product or service to others.
Strong brand reputation for quality
Retailers want to stock the product
Fewer returns and replacements lead to reduced costs.
Attracting and retaining good staff.

Benefits of Greater Quality

Customer Satisfaction
Repeat Purchase
Customer Recommendation
Lower Marketing Costs
Higher Customer loyalty

Quality in relations to the different business functions

Instructions for Essay

Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow

Quality is necessary for businesses to ensure mistakes and defects are eliminated. Write an essay explaining how the following business functions can contribute to the quality of performance of the business.

Human Resource Function
Financial Function
Production Function
Administrative Function
Marketing Function

Rubric

The rubric for marking of the essay according to FLASO

The table below can be used as a guide for your response

I hope through the various videos and notes which were posted you were able to learn a lot about quality and understand the various factors which contribute to the quality of a business product/service. It is also important to understand the role in which quality plays in the business functions. The essay task which you are required to write will prepare you for the exams when are provided with case studies and need to write two business essays. A reminder to please follow the instructions carefully to receive maximum marks.

In preparation for next weeks lesson please watch the following video based on Forms of Ownership

Pinnock, A., 2013. Business Studies Grade 10 CAPS . Cape Town, South Africa: The Answer Series.
Anon., n.d. Adidas Vs Nike Shoes: Sizing, Quality Comparison: Which is Better? [Online] Available at: https://www.bestshoesadvisor.com/adidas-vs-nike-shoes/ [Accessed 26 Augustus 2021].

Nuraah Galvaan

Student number: 219085137

[email protected]

Call to +1 844 889-9952

Quality Control Root Cause Analysis

Laboratory report problems, clearance problems, poor transportation and distribution.

This is an in-depth investigation into the identified problems and their main causes. The main problems that face this company are customer complaints, nonconformance, unfulfilled requirements, and undesirable conditions. Basically, root cause analysis is a method that is used to undertake corrective actions on issues affecting this organization; indeed, it is a component of the quality management system. In a situation where the company is facing problems with the shipment, there is a great need to perform problem-solving at all times.

Any inconsistencies in any department may be costly to the business, thus there is a need to address nonconformance. Moreover, in RCA, the executive tries to uncover the main cause of the problem and what can be done to avoid reoccurrence. Among the many problems that Denver Facility is facing are; a problem with a delay of laboratory reports, a problem with the clearance of trucks on the front gate, and transportation and distribution difficulties. This research paper is aimed at analyzing the root cause of each of the above main problems.

In Denver Facility, the automotive customers have been insisting that the laboratory testing report department is very slow at releasing the reports. Ideally, it is vital to avoid some questions like ‘who made a mistake?’ as this frustrates those involved. The investigative process should dispel anxieties concerning the assigning of blame that frequently intimidates and frustrates those involved.

Your analysis should redirect participants away from the convenient human error cliché towards more probing questions concerning the obstacles that prevented an individual or group from successfully completing a task. A thorough RCA should establish why an individual failed to perform his or her job in accordance with defined procedures, for instance, not adhering to the health and safety measures in the plant. As an analyst, you need to understand that initiating a complete corrective action is not a momentary human lapse, an isolated incident or an inconsequential matter. Thus, it is significant to make inquiries into what caused the individual to make a mistake.

A RCA is a prerequisite to any viable corrective plan, thus it is important to ascertain the actual cause of a problem before developing a plan to address it. The RCA process helps an analyst to specifically connect elements of the corrective action plan to the identified causes. For instance, if the analysis comes up with the conclusion that one of the factors that contributed to the problem was the lack of a controlled distribution list for engineering change notices, then one will know that a part of the corrective action plan must address documentation and practices relative to this process.

For processes that do not match with the identified cause and a corresponding action to correct it, there are high chances of overlooking the less contributing factors. In this case, the input to the corrective action process becomes the output of the RCA process, while the output of the corrective action process ought to be the fulfillment of the defined requirement, which is the elimination of the cause that was identified as the input.

Analyzing the distribution problem and the quality of the products is vital and focuses on effective management in an organization. Effective supply chains should be developed that have clear programs on how goods are going to be transported and methods of clearing the shipment. This will also entail good check-up methods so that trucks do not have to wait for so long before being cleared. The result of this will be an improvement in the movement of people as well as vehicles in the company. Therefore, the problem of vehicles blocking the streets in front of the plant awaiting clearance to enter the plant will be resolved.

Effective supply chain management is a significant factor that lowers the cost of inventory, transportation, packaging and warehousing. The distribution entails both the physical movement of products and the establishment of relationships that guide the movement of products from producer to user. If there is ineffective distribution, this indicates that the individuals who are concerned are not working effectively, thus the analyst should discus with them to develop the cause of the problem and come up with the best way to end the mishap. This implies that the departments that deal with transportation, material handling, storage, inventory as well as delivery ought to be thoroughly scrutinized so as to iron out the challenging problems (Moore, 2008, p. 392).

About 20% of the trucks arriving at the company do not have the advance notice or even order on file; they are only accompanied by purchase orders. As an analyst of Product Quality and Distribution Problems at the Denver facility, you need first to understand the root cause of the shipment and distribution problems in the plant and the address the existing nonconformance, particularly within the context of the corrective action process. This will help to investigate the source of potential problems to avoid their occurrences; thus you deal with distribution problem causes and their effects. For instance, it has been noted that at Denver, the transportation operation group – the dispatching and scheduling team – in many times do not know when the trucks will arrive at the front gate.

The analyst ought to involve the people responsible in the department and positively influence their working system. Normally, the reoccurrence of nonconformance is a result of failure to research their fundamental causes. Therefore, as an analyst with the task of performing corrective action, you note that people frequently identify the root cause of a problem by simply restarting it, a task that is normally done by offering corrective action request (CAR). Once you take your time to generate a request for corrective action, you need to understand that the problem is either a critical issue that requires further investigation or may be an isolated anomaly and is therefore probably indicative of a systemic problem (Robitaille, 2004, p. 3).

For an executive or the analyst to come up with the solution to the issues that are affecting distribution, he should establish the right internal team that comprises representation from the affected areas – human resources, financial, production, as well as distribution. It is also vital to establish clear objectives by identifying the needs so that he may know what he is trying to accomplish. Having a clear objective, like redesigning your critical business systems or implementing technology to double production, will serve as a benchmark for evaluating the success or failure of implementation. This will help the organization to overcome the problems of clearance, laboratory and shipment (Radhakrishnan and Balasubramanian, 2008, p. 42).

Moore, C. W. (2008). Managing small business : an entrepreneurial emphasis. London, Cengage Learning EMEA. Web.

Radhakrishnan, R. and Balasubramanian, S. (2008). Business Process Reengineering : Text and Cases . New Delhi, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Web.

Robitaille, D. (2004). Root Cause Analysis: Basic Tools and Techniques . CA, Paton Professional. Web.

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67 Quality Control Essay Topic Ideas & Examples
Quality control is commonly utilized to promote quality of business products. Golden Age Hospital: Quality Control and Accreditation. GAH's core competencies include professionalism, evidence-based practices, effective communication, patient safety, patient-centered approaches and quality improvement. ... IvyPanda. "67 Quality Control Essay ...
113 Quality Control Essay Topic Ideas & Examples
In conclusion, quality control is a critical aspect of any business or organization that aims to deliver high-quality products or services to its customers. By selecting a relevant and engaging topic from the list above, you can demonstrate your understanding of quality control and its importance in various industries.
Quality Control Essay ⋆ Business Essay Examples ⋆ EssayEmpire
Quality Control Essay. The systematic approach to quality control was developed in industrial manufacturing in the interwar years. With the impact of mass production required during World War II, it became necessary to introduce a more rigorous form of quality control. Some of the initial work is credited to Walter Shewhart of Bell Labs ...
Quality Control Essays: Examples, Topics, & Outlines
Quality control essentially represents a means to develop a procedure for contemporary organizations to tackle the multifaceted challenges they come across in this era. Its basis is that, in the health/healthcare sector, quality improvement, in truth, deals with process management (Haughom, 2016). Use of Performance Improvement Tools.
Quality Management in Organizations
40) identifies quality management as an approach whose main focus is to improve, not only quality but performance as well in an effort towards meeting or even exceeding the expectations of the customers. Generally, quality assurance entails four major aspects, which include quality assurance, quality control, quality planning in addition to ...
What is Quality Control (QC)?
Quality Control (QC) is an indispensable aspect of various industries, ensuring that products and services adhere to predefined standards. In the manufacturing sector, QC involves rigorous inspection and testing of raw materials, intermediate components, and final products to maintain consistent quality and minimize defects.
Quality Control Essay Examples
Quality Control Essays. Company's Performance Metrics. Introduction Operations management is the systematic design, execution, and control of processes that transform inputs into goods and services and is pivotal in organizational success by optimizing processes. On the other hand, performance metrics are vital tools in operations management ...
Modern Methods for Quality Control and Improvement Essay
Quality and quality control is a crucial part of Envision Home Automation. It helps company to ensure customers' satisfaction and loyalty, high quality of products and services provided to wide target audience. Process control in the context of service provision is the control of the behavior of the people providing the service.
Essay on Quality Control of Products: Top 13 Essays
Essay # 1. Meaning and Definitions of Quality Control: Quality control in its simplest term, is the control of quality during manufacturing. Both quality control and inspection are used to assure quality. Inspection is a determining function which determines raw materials, supplies, parts or finished products etc. as acceptable or unacceptable.
Quality Control: What It Is, How It Works, and QC Careers
Quality control is a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product quality is maintained or improved and manufacturing errors are reduced or eliminated. Quality control requires ...
Quality Control Essay Examples
Stuck on your essay? Browse essays about Quality Control and find inspiration. Learn by example and become a better writer with Kibin's suite of essay help services.
Quality Control Essay Examples
Get your free examples of research papers and essays on Quality Control here. Only the A-papers by top-of-the-class students. Learn from the best! ... In the contemporary business practices, quality management methods and tools are widely used to enhance the productivity and quality of the organizational processes, operations, products, and ...
Quality Control
Quality control is the totality of all those controllable aspects that give effect positively or negatively to the quality of the finished product such as selection of raw materials, processing methods, packaging, methods of storage distribution and others. 1.1 Raw Materials Control.
Quality Control In Industries Management Essay
The company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on four aspects :-. Elements such as controls, job management, adequate processes, performance and integrity criteria and identification of records. Competence such as knowledge, skills, experience, qualifications. Soft elements, such as personnel integrity, confidence, organizational culture ...
Coca-Cola Company's Quality Management Control
Business essay sample: Cultural changes in Coca-Cola hinder the efforts to implement quality control. Hence, there is a need to set up controls that respect the cultural values of all people. Call to +1 844 889-9952
Quality Control as a Relatively New Approach to Quality Management
Business essay sample: The researchers explain quality control as a relatively new approach to quality management. The main objective of this process is the improvement of the company's quality and performance.
Quality Assurance and Quality Control
The critical focus of QA is on aspects such as processes, techniques, approaches, and planning within a specific field. On the other hand, QC may be a portion of the overall quality management scheme that emphasizes or realizes the quality requirements. While QA is based on how a technique is performed, QC focuses on the inspection attribute of ...
Statistical Quality Control in Business Production
Introduction. Statistical quality control (SQC) or statistical process control (SPC) refers to a group of analytical instruments and techniques used by process engineers to guarantee the quality of a process or product. Statistical quality control helps process managers to evaluate the quality of manufacturing course and solve emerging problems ...
Essay on Quality Control (With Diagram)| Products
ADVERTISEMENTS: (2) It reduces the inspection cost. (3) Quality control reduces scrap, rejections and rework, thus reducing wastage. So the cost of manufacturing is reduced. (4) Good quality of the product improves reputation of the enterprise. (5) Leads to manufacturer and consumer relations improvement.
Essay on Quality Control
Here is an essay on the 'Quality Control and Inspection of Products' for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on the 'Quality Control and Inspection of Products' especially written for school and management students. Essay # 1. Quality Control of Products: Quality is some prescribed or desired characteristics present in raw material, semi-finished or finished items ...
Quality Control Issues in Production
Primary Quality Control Issues. It is possible to identify three central issues related to quality control during the production of Fallout 76: a lack of time in which to conduct the procedures, insufficient quality standards and lacking employee engagement. The game was announced in May 2018 and released in October 2018, and the variety of ...
Grade 10 Business Studies: Concept of Quality
Essay Task . You are required to write an essay based on the Concept of Quality. Your essay should include: Name and Surname on cover page . Maximum of 2 pages . Marks:40. Due Date: 9 September 2021 . The following format should be used when writing your essay. Introduction . Start your essay by writing the word Introduction as your first ...
Quality Control Root Cause Analysis
Business essay sample: This is an in-depth investigation into the problems and their main causes in Denver Facility: customers complaints, nonconformance, unfulfilled requirements. undesirable conditions.

113 Quality Control Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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