scheme of work for jss1 on civic education

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First Term JSS1 Civic Education Scheme of Work

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Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS1, JSS2, JSS3

Many Secondary School Teacher and Parent whose children are about  to get their education in Nigeria are looking for how to download Civic Education Scheme of work for Nigeria Junior Secondary School JSS 1-3 Classes.

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Scheme of Work on Civic Education for JSS Junior Secondary School

Table of Contents

• 1 Civic Education Scheme of Work JSS1 Second Term
• 2 Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS2 Third Term
• 3 JSS 3 Civic Education Scheme of Work Third Term
• 4 Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School
• 5 Download Free Civic Edu. Scheme of Work
• 6 How to Download Civic Edu Scheme of Work for JSS 1-3

Civic Education Scheme of Work JSS1 Second Term

List of topic

Week 01 – Self Reliance I Week 02 – Self Reliance II Week 03 – Self Reliance III Week 04 – Citizenship I Week 05 – Citizenship II Week 06 – Citizenship III Week 07 – Citizenship IV Week 08 -Rights and duties of Citizen I Week 09 -Rights and duties of Citizen I

Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS2 Third Term

Week 01 – Democracy I Week 02 – Democracy II Week 03 – Pillars of Democracy II Week 04 – Election and Voters Responsibilities I Week 05 – Election and Voters Responsibilities II Week 06 – Election and Voters Responsibilities III Week 07 – Electoral Malpractices I Week 08 – Electoral Malpractices II Week 09 – Electoral Malpractices I

JSS 3 Civic Education Scheme of Work Third Term

Week 01 – Democratic Process I Week 02 – Democratic Process II Week 03 – Democratic Process III Week 04 – Democratic Process IV

Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School

Below is a broad JSS1 first term scheme of work week 1-6 showing Topic, Performance objective, Teacher activities, Teaching and Learning resources. Civ. Education Teacher can teach with this, while student can used it to study and read ahead of class topic.

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Link 1 Civic Edu. SOW Link 2 Civic Edu. SOW

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Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 1)

  Relevant Posts on Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS Classes  Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 2) Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 3)

CIVIC EDUCATION 

JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1)

WEEK   TOPICS/CONTENTS   1. NATIONAL VALUES I. Meaning II. Mention at Least Three Levels of Manifestation of Values in the Society III. Describe the levels of manifestation of values in the society.   2. IMPORTANCE OF VALUE AND FACTORS THAT PROMOTE VALUE SYSTEM I. Analyze the Importance of Values II. Enumerate the Factors that Promote Value System   3. IMPORTANCE OF VALUE AND FACTORS THAT PROMOTE VALUE (Continuation)   4. NATIONAL VALUES (HONESTY) I. Meaning of Honesty II. State the Attributes of Honesty III. Identify Benefits of Honesty   5. DISHONESTY  I. Explain the Meaning of Dishonesty II. Identify and Explain the Consequences of Dishonesty   6. NATIONAL VALUES II (COOPERATION)  I. Define Cooperation II. List the Attributed of Cooperation III. Explain the Attributes of Cooperation   7. FACTORS THAT PROMOTE COOPERATION  I. Identify Factors that promote Cooperation (Trust, Setting Goals Together) II. Analyze the Benefits of Cooperation   8. NATIONAL VALUES III (SELF RELIANCE) I. Meaning of Self Reliance II. Analyze the Attributes of Self Reliance III. Benefits to One’s Self Family and Society   9. SELF RELIANCE I. Define Self Reliance II. State the Importance of Self Reliance   10. PROCESS OF IDENTIFYING ONE’S NATURAL TALENTS  I. List Method of Discovering One’s Natural Talents II. How to Nurture Identified Talents III. Consequences of Wasted Talents and Underdeveloped Skills IV. Effects of Underdeveloped Skills   11. REVISION   12-13. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION  JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1) SECOND TERM   1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. CITIZENSHIP I. Define Citizenship II. List the Types of Citizenship e. G. By birth, Registration and Naturalization   3. PROCESS OF BECOMING A CITIZEN OF A COUNTRY I. Describe the Process of Becoming a Citizen II. Differentiate between Place of Birth and Place of Origin   4. RIGHT AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS  I. Define Rights II. Define Duties   5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RIGHT AND DUTIES  Distinguish between citizenship rights and duties and obligations   6. IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS Outline the Importance of Rights and Duties of a Citizen   7. TYPES OF RIGHTS OF A CITIZEN  I. Identify the Types of Rights of a Citizen – Political, Social and Economic Rights II. Explain the Types of Rights of Citizens   8. TYPES OF RIGHTS (Continuation)    9. CONSEQUENCES OF NON – PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS  I. Meaning of obligation II. Mention Some Obligations of Citizens III. State the Effects of Non – Performance of Obligation by Citizens   10. | 11. REVISION   12. | 13. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION  JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1) THIRD TERM 1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND IDENTITY  I. Explain National Consciousness II. Features National Consciousness III. Discuss what an Identity Means   3. NATIONAL SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANINGS  I. Coat of Arms, National Flag and National Currency II. Recite the National Anthem and Pledge III. Identify Measures included in the Anthem and Pledge   4. NATIONAL SYMBOLS (Continuation)   5. NATIONAL SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANINGS  I. Recite the National Anthem and National Pledge II. Identify and Describe the Unifying Measures included to National Anthem and Pledge   6. MEASURES ADOPTED BY NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE UNITY AMONG NIGERIANS  Unity schools, NYSC, Federal Character, Tolerance, Hospitality, Intermarriage.   7. MEASURES ADOPTED BY NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE UNITY AMONG NIGERIANS (II)   8. HOW INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS CAN PROMOTE NATIONAL UNITY I. Measures II. Institutions that promote National Unity III. Mention the Institutions set to Foster National Unity IV. Suggest more Measures to be used to Unite   9. NIGERIAN CONSTITUTION I. Meaning of Constitution II. Aspect that Seek to Promote National Consciousness III. Identify the Purpose of having one Constitution IV. Explain the Aspect that Foster Unity   10. | 11. REVISION   12. EXAMINATION

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Civic Education Lesson Note for JSS1 (Second Term) 2024

Civic Education lesson note for JSS1 Second Term is now available for free. The State and Federal Ministry of Education has recommended unified lesson notes for all secondary schools in Nigeria, in other words, all private secondary schools in Nigeria must operate with the same lesson notes based on the scheme of work for Civic Education.

Civic Education lesson note for JSS1  Second Term has been provided in detail here on schoolings.org

For prospective school owners, teachers, and assistant teachers, Civic Education lesson note is defined as a guideline that defines the contents and structure of Civic Education as a subject offered at SS level. The lesson note for Civic Education for SS stage maps out in clear terms, how the topics and subtopics for a particular subject, group works and practical, discussions and assessment strategies, tests, and homework ought to be structured in order to fit in perfectly, the approved academic activities for the session.

To further emphasize the importance of this document, the curriculum for Civic Education spells out the complete guide on all academic subjects in theory and practical. It is used to ensure that the learning purposes, aims, and objectives of the subject meant for that class are successfully achieved.

Civic Education Lesson note for JSS1 carries the same aims and objectives but might be portrayed differently based on how it is written or based on how you structure your lesson note. Check how to write lesson notes as this would help make yours unique.

The JSS1 Civic Education lesson note provided here is in line with the current scheme of work hence, would go a long way in not just helping the teachers in carefully breaking down the subject, topics, and subtopics but also, devising more practical ways of achieving the aim and objective of the subject.

The sudden increase in the search for JSS1 Civic Education lesson note for Second Term is expected because every term, tutors are in need of a robust lesson note that carries all topics in the curriculum as this would go a long way in preparing students for the West African Secondary Examination.

This post is quite a lengthy one as it provides in full detail, the Civic Education approved lesson note for all topics and sub-topics in Civic Education as a subject offered in JSS1.

Please note that Civic Education lesson note for JSS1 provided here for Second Term is approved by the Ministry of Education based on the scheme of work.

I made it free for tutors, parents, guardians, and students who want to read ahead of what is being taught in class.

JSS1   Civic Education  Lesson Note ( Second Term ) 2024

JSS1 SECOND TERM CIVIC EDUCATION NOTE

SCHEME OF WORK FOR 2ND TERM

WEEK TOPICS

1 Revision of last term work

2 Citizenship

3 Process of becoming a citizenship of a country

4 Right and Duties of Citizens.

5 Differences Between Rights And Duties Of Citizen

6 Importance Of citizens’ rights and duties

7-8 Types Of Human Rights

9 Consequences of non-performance of obligations

10 – 11 Revision

12 Examination

Topic: Citizenship

A citizen is someone who enjoys full political rights in a state and in return performs certain duties to the state. A citizen therefore is a legal member of a state.

Type of Citizenship

• Citizenship by birth: this is the situation whereby the parents of the person are

natives in the country or a person born by citizens of a country. For example; a child born by Nigerian parents automatically becomes a Nigerian by birth.

• Citizenship by registration or marriage: this occurs when Nigerian male marries for example a Briton (a British) woman. The woman automatically becomes a citizen of Nigerian through registration of marriage.
• Citizenship by nationalization: this happens when an alien or a foreigner becomes a

citizen of another country having fulfilled and satisfied the countries conditions to

acquire the citizen of that country as laid down by the constitution of that country. It is a process by which an individual voluntary changes his/her citizenship of a state to that of another in which he or she resides. Some of the conditions that an alien of another country must fulfil are: as follow;

• Applicant must be an adult acceptable in the community.

Applicant must be of good character

Applicant must swear an oath of allegiance

*.  Applicant must be able and have been contributing to community and national development and growth.

• Applicant must have been residing in a particular community in that country for

specific period of time.

• Honorary citizenship: from time to time the government of a country have been

honouring distinguished or important person or eminent person with citizenship of that country. For example such icon figures in Nigeria like: Sir Ahmadu Bello, Nnamdi

Azikwe, Chief Obafemi Awolowo have been honoured with citizenship of other countries of the world.

• Citizenship by blood ties or decent: citizenship pf a country is also acquired through blood ties. This means that the, fact that a child was born in a particular

community in the country does not necessarily confer the status of the

citizenship on that person.

Topic: Process of becoming a citizenship of a country

Apart from the means of acquiring citizenship of a country explained above, there are also processes one needs to undertake before becoming a citizen of a country. This process involves conditions that one must satisfy before one can be granted citizenship. Below are the processes involved in acquiring the citizenship of a country.

1.A person seeking the citizenship of a country must have attained the statutory age specified in the constitution.

2.The person must show willingness to live or stay in the country.

3.The person must have resided in the country for a number of years specified in the constitution.

4.The person must have made useful contributions to the social, economic and cultural growth and development of the country.

5.The person must be of good character.

WEEK FOUR: Right and Duties of Citizens.

Rights are privileges or entitlements which the law permits for individual as a citizen of that country.

Rights of citizens include the following:

• Right to life
• Right to freedom of movement
• Right to fair hearing
• Right to education
• Right to vote and to be voted for.

Duties are those things and actions which the citizens are expected to do for their country.

• Payment of taxes, rents and rates
• Obedience to the laws of the country
• Voting during elections
• Defence of their fatherland

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZEN

1.Rights are what people must enjoy in the country. Duties on the other hand are the compulsory things peoples must do for their country.

2.Rights are given to us by the constitution, whereas, duties are those things expected of the people by the constitution

3.Right are enjoyed by citizens irrespective of sex, religion, tribe and social status. Duties on the other hand are expectations from certain categories of individuals in the society.

4.Our basic freedom is protected by rights; whereas duties are those actions we must perform to enjoy our freedom.

Importance Of citizens’ rights and duties

Here are some of the importance of the rights and duties of citizens

i.Citizens’ rights and duties promote peace and stability in the society.

ii.Citizens’ rights and duties ensure social control for proper organization of the society.

iii.Citizens’ rights and duties encourage due process among individuals and the society at large.

iv.Citizens’ rights and duties encourage discipline by promoting good behavior and manners.

v.Citizens’ rights and duties ensure obedience to the law.

TYPES OF HUMAN RIGHTS

The rights of Nigerian citizens are classified into three basic categories: namely

a.Civic (individual) rights

b.Economic rights

c.Political rights

Civic Rights

These are the human rights that every person enjoys as residents of the country. They are create an protected by the state for its citizens. These rights enable the citizens to live decent, comfortable lives and enhance their relationship as citizens of the community.

Civic rights include:

i.Right to life

ii.Right to liberty

iii.Right to privacy and family life

iv.Right to dignity of human person

v.Right to fair hearing and judgment

Economic rights

They are rights of citizens to be engaged in a profitable means of livelihood. These economic rights include:

1.Right to adequate  standard of living

2.Right to free choice of employment without discrimination

3.Right to protection against unemployment

4.Right to join and form trade unions

5.Right to free elementary education and health care

Political Rights

These rights specify the natural justice of fairness in law. They include:

1.Right of the accused ; which are:

a.Right to fair trial

b.Right to due process

c.Right to seek re-dress or legal remedy

CONSEQUENCES OF NON-PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS

1.Lack of national progress and development as there will be insufficient finance for vsrious government projects.

2.Breakdown of law and order in the society.

3.Low moral standard and high level of discipline among citizens.

4.High occurrence of prevalence of crime in the society.

5.Unhealthy environment leading to health and environmental pollution

6.Physical punishment or sanction of citizens by the law for disobeying laid down laws

• Low investment from foreign investors

8.Inability of government to provide adequate basic amenities for the people

9.Bad leadership as a result of wrong people being voted into power

10.Loss of confidence in the nation.

Hope you got what you visited this page for? The above is the lesson note for Civic Education for JSS1 class. However, you can download the free PDF file for record purposes.

If you have any questions as regards Civic Education lesson note For JSS1 class, kindly send them to us via the comment section below and we shall respond accordingly as usual.

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SECOND TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS1 CIVIC EDUCATION LESSON NOTE

• September 14, 2022
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JSS1 Second Term Civic Education  Lesson Note 

  Scheme of Work

WEEK1 REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK

WEEK 2 CITIZENSHIP

WEEK 3 CITIZENSHIP (II)

WEEK 4 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS

WEEK 5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RIGHTS AND DUTIES

WEEK 6& 7 TYPES OF RIGHTS OF A CITIZEN

WEEK 8 HUMAN RIGHTS

WEEK 9 HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSE

WEEK 10 TRAFFIC REGULATIONS

JSS1 Second Term Civic Education Lesson Note 

Below are the 2022 complete JSS1 Second Term Civic Education Lesson Note 

Topic :  Citizenship

Citizenship

Citizenship can be defined as the relationship between an individual and its state or nation involving the individual’s full political membership in the state as well as permanent allegiance to it.

Citizenship involves members of a nation based on laid down conditions.

Citizenship  is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or part of a nation.

A person may have multiple citizenship and a person who does not have citizenship of any state is said to be stateless. Nationality is often used as a synonym for citizenship in English   – notably in international law – although the term is sometimes understood as denoting a person’s membership in a nation (a large ethnic group). In some countries, e.g. the United States, the United Kingdom, nationality and citizenship can have different meanings (for more information, see Nationality versus citizenship). 

Citizenship can be defined as the process by which a person becomes a legitimate member of a given state. The person possesses every right in the state and also performs his/her duties as a legitimate member of the state. Citizenship is a relationship between an individual and its state or nation involving the individual’s full political membership in the state as well as permanent allegiance to it. To learn more, click here 

Topic : Citizenship 

Process of Becoming a Citizen in Country

• Good Character: The person must have appreciable disposition
• Residency: He must have stayed in that country for a specified period of time.
• Statutory age: An individual must attain a certain age designated by the country
• By marriage: If an individual gets married outside his/or her domain, such an individual can get the citizenship of that place.
• One’s contribution to the country: The extent to which one contributes to the development of a nation facilitates his/her status as a citizen.
• Acceptance by local community: The community itself must be able to accept such a person. If otherwise citizenship cannot be acquired.
• One’s readiness to stay in a country: The desire of an individual to stay in country plays an important role in the acquisition of citizenship of the country.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Rights and Duties of Citizens

Rights and Duties of Citizens

Right refers to the responsibility of a nation to an individual, for example rights to education, right to life, rights to opinion, freedom of expression, right to private and family life, rights to freedom of thought.

Duties on the other hand refer to the responsibility of a citizen to his or her country, for example obedience to laid down rules and regulations, payment of taxes etc.

Rights  are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. Rights are of essential importance in such disciplines as law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.

Rights are often considered fundamental to civilization, for they are regarded as established pillars of society and culture, and the history of social conflicts can be found in the history of each right and its development. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, “rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as it is currently perceived”.  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Differences between Rights and Duties

Differences between rights and duties

Week   6 & 7

Topic – Types of Rights of a Citizen

Introduction

Every Nigerian has rights, duties, liabilities and privileges, which are provided for in the hundreds of laws that exist in Nigeria. However, there are certain rights that basically trump all other ones. They are rights that are referred to as  inalienable  rights, rights for which the law has made specific and special provision.

These rights are contained in Chapter IV of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, and are officially known as  Fundamental Rights.

This article will explain what these key rights are, because every Nigerian really should know about these rights.

1. RIGHT TO LIFE

This is the most important right of every Nigerian (and in fact every human being). The right that everyone has to ‘exist’, and no one can intentionally deprive a person of this right, either an individual or the Government, unless in the execution of a sentence of the court in respect of a criminal offence.

In a nutshell, what this right says is that no one can take your life unless you have carried out a capital crime; you have been tried by a competent court, and found guilty.  To learn more, click  here

Topic – Human Rights

Meaning of Human Rights

• Examples of fundamental Human Rights

Human rights are the privileges and opportunities individuals have in a given society.They are commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights “to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being,” and which are “inherent in all human beings” regardless of their nation, location, language, religion, ethnic origin or any other status.

These rights are usually entrenched in the constitution, for instance, chapter IV of the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria deals with the subject of fundamental human rights. The following are some of the fundamental human rights of the citizen:  To learn more, click  here

Topic: Human Rights Abuse

Human Rights Abuse

• Means and methods of Human Rights Abuse
• Effects of Human Rights Abuse
• Ways of Preventing Human Rights Abuse

Human rights abuse refers to the infringement on the rights of an individual resulting in the individual not being able to enjoy his or her fundamental rights. These abuses may result from the following:

• A citizen is not likely to enjoy his rights when such rights are detrimental to other people’s rights.
• A citizen may be denied of his right in order to protect the security of the state.
• During the period of emergency, a citizen may be denied his/her rights. For instance if a country is in a state of war, there may be restrictions which may invariably jeopardize the right of a citizen.
• A citizen may be denied his right if it is in the interest of defence for his nation.  To learn more, click  here

Topic  –  Traffic Regulations

Meaning of Traffic Regulation

Traffic regulations are rules that are made to control the movement of vehicles and human beings on the roads in order to avoid accident.

These are mostly displaced on the roads as signs which give appropriate directives to road users and serve as safety measures.

Traffic Rules

• Obedience to traffic light.
• Red  means stop
• Yellow   means Ready to go/stop
• Green  means go

To learn more, click  here

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Civic Education Lesson Note JSS 1 Second Term

Civic education jss1 second term – edudelight lesson note.

SCHEME OF WORK CIVIC EDUCATION FOR 2ND TERM JSS 1

Edudelight Lesson note

Topic: citizenship.

A citizen is someone who enjoys full political rights in a state and in return performs certain duties to the state. A citizen therefore is a legal member of a state.

Type of Citizenship

1. Citizenship by birth: this is the situation whereby the parents of the person are natives in the country or a person born by citizens of a country. For example, a child born by Nigerian parents automatically becomes a Nigerian by birth. 2. Citizenship by registration or marriage: this occurs when Nigerian male marries for example a Briton (a British) woman. The woman automatically becomes a citizen of Nigerian through registration of marriage. 3. Citizenship by nationalization: this happens when an alien or a foreigner becomes a citizen of another country having fulfilled and satisfied the countries conditions to acquire the citizen of that country as laid down by the constitution of that country. It is a process by which an individual voluntary changes his/her citizenship of a state to that of another in which he or she resides. Some of the conditions that an alien of another country must fulfil are: as follow; * Applicant must be an adult acceptable in the community. *  Applicant must be of good character * Applicant must swear an oath of allegiance *.  Applicant must be able and have been contributing to community and national development and growth. * Applicant must have been residing in a particular community in that country for specific period of time. 4. Honorary citizenship: from time to time the  government of a country have been honouring distinguished or important person or eminent person with citizenship of that country. For example such icon figures in Nigeria like: Sir Ahmadu Bello, Nnamdi Azikwe, Chief Obafemi Awolowo have been honoured with citizenship of other countries of the world. 5. Citizenship by blood ties or decent: citizenship pf a country is also acquired through blood ties. This means that the, fact that a child was born in a particular community in the country does not necessarily confer the status of the citizenship on that person. Edudelight Lesson note

Topic : Process of becoming a citizenship of a country

Apart from the means of acquiring citizenship of a country explained above, there are also processes one needs to undertake before becoming a citizen of a country. This process involves conditions that one must satisfy before one can be granted citizenship. Below are the processes involved in acquiring the citizenship of a country.

• A person seeking the citizenship of a country must have attained the statutory age specified in the constitution.
• The person must show willingness to live or stay in the country.
• The person must have resided in the country for a number of years specified in the constitution.
• The person must have made useful contributions to the social, economic and cultural growth and development of the country.
• The person must be of good character.

WEEK FOUR: Right and Duties of Citizens.

R ights are privileges or entitlements which the law permits for individual as a citizen of that country.

Rights of citizens include the following:

• Right to life
• Right to freedom of movement
• Right to fair hearing
• Right to education
• Right to vote and to be voted for.

D uties are those  things and actions which the citizens are exected to do for their country.

• Payment of taxes, rents and rates
• Obedience to the laws of the country
• Voting during elections
• Defence of their fatherland

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZEN

• Rights are what people must enjoy in the country. Duties on the other hand are the compulsory things peoples must do for their country.
• Rights are given to us by the constitution, whereas, duties are those things expected of the people by the constitution
• Right are enjoyed by citizens irrespective of sex, religion, tribe and social status. Duties on the other hand are expectations from certain categories of individuals in the society.
• Our basic freedom is protected by rights; whereas duties are those actions we must perform to enjoy our freedom.

Importance Of citizens’ rights and duties

Here are some of the importance of the rights and duties of citizens

• Citizens’ rights and duties promote peace and stability in the society.
• Citizens’ rights and duties ensure social control for proper organization of the society.
• Citizens’ rights and duties encourage due process among individuals and the society at large.
• Citizens’ rights and duties encourage discipline by promoting good behavior and manners.
• Citizens’ rights and duties ensure obedience to the law. 

TYPES OF HUMAN RIGHTS

The rights of Nigerian citizens are classified into three basic categories : namely

• Civic (individual) rights

Economic rights

• Political rights

Civic Rights

These are the human rights that every person enjoys as residents of the country. They are create an protected by the state for its citizens. These rights enable the citizens to live decent, comfortable lives and enhance their relationship as citizens of the community.

Civic rights include:

• Right to liberty
• Right to privacy and family life
• Right to dignity of human person
• Right to fair hearing and judgment

They are rights of citizens to be engaged in a profitable means of livelihood. These economic rights include:

• Right to adequate  standard of living
• Right to free choice of employment without discrimination
• Right to protection against unemployment
• Right to join and form trade unions
• Right to free elementary education and health care

Political Rights

These rights specify the natural justice of fairness in law. They include:

• Right to fair trial
• Right to due process
• Right to seek re-dress or legal remedy

CONSEQUENCES OF NON-PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS

• Lack of national progress and development as there will be insufficient finance for vsrious government projects.
• Breakdown of law and order in the society.
• Low moral standard and high level of discipline among citizens.
• High occurrence of prevalence of crime in the society.
• Unhealthy environment leading to health and environmental pollution
• Physical punishment or sanction of citizens by the law for disobeying laid down laws
•  Low investment from foreign investors
• Inability of government to provide adequate basic amenities for the people
• Bad leadership as a result of wrong people being voted into power
• Loss of confidence in the nation.

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Your lesson notes in a blink, civic education scheme of work for ss1 first term, second term and third term..

This scheme contains week, topic, content, and activities of teacher and learners. CIVIC EDUCATION SS1 FIRST TERM

1 VALUE. i. Meaning/definition of value ii. Identify types of values. 2 VALUES CONTNUED Explain the following forms and the importance of justice and selflessness. 3 OPPORTUNITY TO DEFEND ONESELF i. Explain the meaning of opportunity to defend oneself ii. Identify the various ways students can defend oneself. 4 INVOLVEMENT IN COMMUNITY SERVICES i. Meaning/Definition of community services ii. Identify the types of community services. 5 HIV AND AIDS. i. Meaning ii. Causes of HIV and AIDS 6 HIV AND AIDS CONTINUED Identify the symptoms and effects of HIV and AIDS 7 HIV AND AIDS CONTINUED i. Prevention and control measures of HIV and AIDS ii. Stigmatization associated with HIV and AIDS 8 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT i. Explain the concept of youth empowerment ii. Concept of youth empowerment. 9 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT. i. Identifying the various skills e.g. life-coping, manipulative, intellectual, communicative and artificial etc. 10 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT i. Importance of youth empowerment and benefits of the skills. ii. Practical work and specific skills 11 GOALS OF CITIZEN EDUCATION i. Meaning of citizenship ii. Types of laws and rights of individuals iii. Structures and functions of government 12 NATIONALISM i. Explain nationalism ii. Major, local/world civic problems iii. Nationalistic roles of individuals and groups. 13 Revision Revision 14 Examinations Examinations

CIVIC EDUCATION SS1 SECOND TERM 1 DEMOCRACY. i. Meaning/Definition of democracy. ii. Explain representative democracy iii. Characteristics of democracy. 2 RULE OF LAW i. Meaning/definition of rule of law ii. Explain maximum benefits to the citizens 3 RULE OF MAJORITY i. Meaning/Definition of rule of majority ii. Steps to safe guide the minority. 4 MAJOR PILLARS OF DEMOCRACY i. The constitution ii. Strong institution e.g. arms of government – (executives, legislature, and judiciary), Armed Forces and Civil societies. 5 FEDERALISM i. Meaning/definition of federalism ii.Federal, state and local government. iii. Characteristics, functions, structures. 6 CITIZENS RESPONSIBILITIES i. Meaning/definition ii. Explain the followings: Rights, Duties and Obligations of citizens. 7 POLITICAL PARTIES AND FREEDOM OF PRESS i. Meaning/definition of political party and freedom of press. ii. Types of political parties iii. Explain the press freedom and benefits 8 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS i. Meaning/definition of Human Rights ii. The historical background of universal declaration of human right. 9 CORE-FREEDOM OF UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS i.Meaning of seven core-freedom of universal declaration of human rights. 10 CORE-FREEDOM OF UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS i. Explain the seven core freedom of universal declaration of human rights e.g. freedom from discrimination, fear etc. 11 RESPONSIBILITIES OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS IN UNIVERSAL DECLARATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS i. Meaning/definition of responsibilities of individuals and groups. ii. Roles of individuals and groups (Advocacy through prints and electronic media, awareness campaign) 12 RESPONSIBILITY OF GOVERNMENT IN UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Explain the roles of government in universal declaration of Human rights e.g. Enactment of agencies like the NAPTIP, Legal Aids Council) 13 Revision Revision 14 Examinations Examinations

CIVIC EDUCATION SS1 THIRD TERM 1 CULTISM i. Meaning of cultism ii. Types of cultism groups and their symbols in the school. E.g. Black Axe, Eye Buccaneers etc 2 CULTISM CONTINUED. i. Origin of cultism ii. Formation of cultism 3 CULTISM CONTINUED Reasons for establishing and joining cult. 4 CULTISM CONTINUED. Consequences of cultism Expulsion, Violence, murder Spiritual problems etc 5 CULTISM CONTINUED Prevention and control against cultism – abiding rules and regulations, studying hard in school, faith in God as protector and provider. 6 ORDERLINESS Meaning/definition of orderliness 7 ORDERLINESS CONTINUED. I. Examples of orderliness – listening – skills; driving skills, decorum, quelling culture etc. 8 ORDERLINESS CONTINUED – Roles of orderliness in the society – By showing good examples to people, training people around you, Correcting young ones patiently, To be careful in whatever you do. 9 RESPECT FOR CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY Meaning and definition of constituted authority. 10 CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY CONTINUED Types of Constituted Authority a. Democratic constituted authority b. Bureaucratic constituted authority 11 CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY CONTINUED Types of Constituted Authority c. Traditional constituted authority d. Charismatic constituted authority 12 CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY CONTINUED Explain the importance of constituted authority to the public. 13 Revision Revision 14 Examinations Examinations  Was this helpful? Leave us with your comments!  See scheme of work for other subjects . Do st ay connected to for more educational contents.

6 thoughts on “ Civic Education Scheme of Work for SS1 First Term, Second Term and Third Term. ”

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Wow this was really helpful

Made my work easier. Thanks

You’re welcome 🙏

Miss/mrs Gloria, nice work you got here. But there aren’t lesson note, just the schemes.

Made my work easier Thank you so much

Wao really make my work easier, may almighty God bless you richly.

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JSS1 Civic Education Lesson Note (Second Term) 2024

The lesson note for JSS1 Civic Education second term is now available for Tutors, parents, guardians and students who have been searching for an accurate and updated 2024 note.

Please note that the second term lesson note is curled out from the  approved scheme of work for Junior Secondary school. So you can do your verification as well and compare the second term lesson note for JSS1 Civic Education as seen on the free DOC file made available towards the end of this post.

The JSS1 Civic Education lesson note for second term is in line with the 2024 JSS1 Civic Education scheme of work for the term. This means the JSS1 Civic Education lesson note is tailored towards achieving the aim and objective for the subject as mandated by the ministry of education.

Below is The Civic Education Scheme of work from which the Civic Education JSS1 second term lesson note was drafted from:

SCHEME OF WORK

BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to understand and explain the following concepts:

• Citizenship
• Process of becoming a citizenship of a country
• Right and Duties of Citizens.
• Differences Between Rights And Duties Of Citizen
• Importance Of citizens’ rights and duties
• Types Of Human Rights
• Consequences of non-performance of obligations

The above are what is expected of a JSS1 student to know and be able to understand with ease. The JSS1 Civic Education second term lesson note here is aided with images so it makes it easier not just for the students but for the teachers too.

I have made the JSS1 Civic Education second term lesson note available in a PDF format for free download without any extra cost as this would ease the passage of knowledge from teachers to students without hinderances. It is a my little way of giving back to the educational sector where I belong.

All you need do is click the download button below to get the PDF file of the Civic Education second term lesson note for second term.

JSS1   Civic Education S econd Term  Lesson Note   2024

To get the updated JSS1 Civic Education second term lesson note for 2024 please see the download button below. You can save to your personal device so it can be accessed anytime.

DOWNLOAD JSS1 2ND TERM CIVIC EDUCATION DOC  File

I hope the above has helped? Please feel free to ask questions as regards the Civic Education approved JSS1 Civic Education second term lesson note for 2024 if you have any and I will be glad to assist.

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SS1 CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Term

You will find below on this page SS1 Civic Education Scheme of work for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd term. This will be very helpful for you in planning your lessons for your students. Do enjoy your Academic Session.

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Definition And Types

• Self Defence
• Community Service
• Hiv/Aids Continues
• Youth Empowerment
• Importance Of Skill Acquisition

SECOND TERM

• The Structure Of Government
• Law And Order
• Democracy Definition And Types
• Pillars Of Democracy I.E Constitution, Rule Of Law Etc.
• Nationalism
• United Nation Declaration Of Human Rights
• Types Of Human Rights

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• Cultism – Origin
• Cultism in Higher Institutions of Higher learning in Nigeria
• Consequences of Cultism
• Constituted Authority
• Respect for Constituted Authority
• Emergence of Leadership
• Importance of Constituted Authority

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2ND TERM SS1 CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK AND NOTE

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SECOND TERM E- NOTES

S.S.1. CIVICS EDUCATION

WEEK 1: Revision of last term’s work

WEEK 2-3:  Cultism

• 3RD TERM SS1 CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK AND NOTE
• 2ND TERM JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note

 Meaning and characteristics

Different cult groups, origin and reasons for cultism,

The government’s and society’s positions on cultism.

Preventive measures

WEEK 4 – 5:  Law and order

Manifestations of law and orderliness

Importance of orderliness

Agencies for maintain law and order

Roles of agencies in maintaining law and order

WEEK 6: Respect for constituted authority

WEEK 7:  Employment and Un employment :

 Factors affecting employment

Importance of employment in alleviating poverty

Guaranteed employment

WEEK 8 – 9:  Capitalist democracy

 Features of capitalist democracy

 Factors that impede the survival of democracy in less developed states

 Political parties in capitalist democracy

Methods of political competition

WEEK 10: Revision of the term’s work

WEEK 11 & 12:  Examination & Closing

WEEKS 2 and 3

What is CULTISM? Cultism is the membership and operation of cults. It involves secret activities where the members behave in ways that are not acceptable by society. There are many cults in Nigeria especially in tertiary educational institutions and some secondary schools making life unbearable for those who go about their affairs peacefully. Their operations are secret and the locations in which they hold their meetings are solely known to their members only. Most times, they operate at night.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTISM:

• Members wear expensive clothes. They are bold and daring and want to enforce their will on people.
• New members are initiated secretly and both old and new members perform rituals and swear to oaths of secrecy.
• They assist one another in all situations and promote members’ interests not minding reason, justice, fairness, legitimacy and appropriateness.
• They have signs, symbols and passwords which are meant to be used and recognized by members only.
• They look kind, quiet and generous but they are deceitful and hypocritical and can become violent and deadly at any time.
• They carry different types of arms which can be tucked away in their pockets or bags.
• They drink alcohol and other hard drugs excessively.
• They are womanizers.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF CULTS

There are many cults in higher institutions and they are said to be more than 40 with different symbols. Examples of some of them are:

• Blood Suckers
• Vikings Fraternity
• Eiye Confraternity
• Green scorpion
• Trojan Horse

Some of them are gender-based meaning that they are strictly for female membership. Examples are:

• Daughters of Jezebel
• Temple of Eden
• Hot Brassiere

ORIGIN OF CULT GROUPS

Cults have existed in Africa for a long time. The Ogboni Fraternity was prominent among the Yoruba people. It is a group of elderly men whose major duty was to check the excesses of the traditional rulers to ensure that they do not overdo things. Some other cults have existed in Nigeria like Ekine, Ekpe, Okonko and others. Cultism can be traced to the Pyrates Confraternity formed at the University of Ibadan in 1952 by some male students. Their objectives include:

• To compel the colonial government to stop imposing foreign culture on Nigeria ns, so that Nigeria ns could be themselves.
• To work for Nigeria ‘s independence.
• To correct the ills of the society by fighting corruption, indiscipline and tribalism.
• To encourage humanitarian activities such as blood donation and collection of money for charity.

However, some members behaved badly due to the nature of the confraternity and so were expelled from the group. They formed their own groups which became rival groups to the Pyrates. From 1980 till date, campus cults have continued to grow in number .

WHY STUDENTS JOIN CULTS

• Family background: Some parents who were former campus cult members have their children attracted to cults. Some parents also encourage their children to join some of the cults that they like.
• Economic hardship: Many parents fail to provide for their children in the higher institutions as a result of poverty. Some of the parents are also too busy to attend to their children for one reason or the other. Cult members offer their members financial assistance and such offers are attractive to indigent members.
• Misconception:  The older members of the cults give prospective members fake reasons that undue advantage will be given to them over the other students in academics, social life and abundance of alcohol, drinks and the likes.
• Peer pressure: Some people whose friends are cult members convince their friends to become members too.
• Curiosity: A lot of information have been disseminated about cults and so many people become cult members in order to confirm what they have heard.
• Lack of self-confidence: People who have lacked affection and have unfulfilled desires may join cults in order to secure affection, popularity, protection and gain strong support from members.

CONSEQUENCES OF CULTISM

• Cultism promotes violence. They attack other cult members to gain supremacy with arms and ammunitions.
• They are potential murderers because they kill members of rival groups or anybody they feel is against them.
• They break law and order as they disregard school regulations and enact their own laws.
• Their activities disrupt school activities.
• They distort the values and practices of society like murder, immorality, violence , crime, drunkenness, drug abuse and so on.

GOVERNMENT ‘S POSITION ON CULTISM

 In order to curb cultism in our institutions of learning, government has done the following things:

• Fresh intakes are made to sign a matriculation oath, pledging not to belong to any cult while in school and to be of good conduct.
• Any student found to be in any cult would be expelled from the school

SOCIETY’S POSITION ON CULTISM

• Society at large frowns at cultism. People avoid those who are identified as cult members.
• Responsible parents disallow their children and wards from associating with cult members.
• Cult members are always accused of crime or theft in the neighbourhood, whether they are guilty of it or not.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES

• Parents should pay attention to their children’s upbringing and educate them on the acceptable ways of life.
• Students should be encouraged to join religious groups and develop the fear of God in them.
• Sports and recreational facilities should be provided in schools to engage the students during their leisure time.
• Regular seminars should be organized in schools to enlighten students on the dangers of cultism.
• Voluntary organizations should make their programmes more interesting to attract membership.
• There should be effective counseling units in schools that can assist initiated members to even denounce their membership and also stop intending members from registering.
• Institutions of learning should enact laws against cultism and enforce the laws.
• Religious groups should organise programmes against cult practices.

REVISION QUESTIONS

Choose the correct option from each list lettered A –D

• Campus cult members are ……..(a) hostile towards themselves in the group (b) hostile towards their group members (c) hostile towards members of rival groups (d) hostile towards loyal members
• A cult can better be regarded as …. (a) a cult in which the members are religious (B) a group that has a secret symbol of love ( c ) a group of secretive people who love expensive dresses (d) a secret, extreme secretive group in which the members behave unacceptably.
• Generally in Nigeria , cultism operates mostly in —– (a) primary school (b) secondary schools (c ) second-hand educational institutions (d) post-secondary schools
• The origin of cultism in Nigeria n institutions can be traced to —- (a) Pythogora’s Confrontation (b) Pyrate’s Confraternity (c ) Pyrates Confrontation (d) Pythagora’s Confraternity

ESSAY QUESTIONS

• Explain four characteristics of cult groups and their members.

b.  At the end of the your reply, write a list of ten cult groups which operate in Nigeria n institutions.

 3.  Why do students become members of cult groups? Give four reasons.

4.  a.  Your fifteen-year old cousin has heard of cultism but does not know what the expression means. Write a brief explanation of cultism, hoping that your cousin would read it and understand the term.

 b.  Explain two consequences of cultism.

5.  a.  Does the Nigeria n government support cultism?

 b.  Suggest two ways of preventing cultism.

WEEKS 4 & 5

Law and Order

Law means the whole system of rules that citizens of a country or organised group of people are expected to obey. Laws are made by the government through the legislature, which is an organ of government in a democratic state or country. Laws are made according to the constitution of a country.

ORDER is defined according to the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English as a situation in which rules are obeyed and authority is respected.

ORDERLINESS therefore is a state of or condition in which the rules or laws are obeyed. There is orderliness when citizens comply with the rules and regulations made by the government.

Law and order operate when the citizens do things according to the rules and regulations which are expected to ensure peace and progress in society. There is breakdown of law and order when laws are not obeyed and peace of society is disturbed.

MANIFESTATIONS OF LAW AND ORDER

The following things are some manifestations of orderliness or law and order in society.

• Due process: It refers to following the rules of the game or operation in anything one does. For example, following the prescribed procedure in making public purchase of materials or award of contracts.
• Peaceful conduct of elections: There is manifestation of orderliness when elections are conducted peacefully and votes counted without fear or favour and the winner announced.
• Queuing culture: In public places like the banks, hospitals, airports and so on, queuing is used to maintain orderliness. People queue up and wait to be served or attended to.
• Orderly conduct of examinations and avoidance of examination malpractices.
• Listening skills: There is need to listen attentively to others in the course of conversation or in a class room condition.
• Driving skills: It is important that the skills of driving be acquired and a drivers’ license obtained before driving on the highway. Such will forestall careless driving and accidents on the road.
• Decorum: Polite behavior which is appropriate in social situations should be exhibited always. This condition is more common in the courts.

IMPORTANCE OF LAW AND ORDER

Without law and order, people will be lawless. It will also amount to the survival of the fittest since they will not consider how the other people involved feel. The importance of law and order can be seen in the following areas:

• There will be peace and people will not be molested. They will be free to go about their work peacefully.
• There will be progress when there is peace. A peaceful situation enables people to earn a living devoid of chaos and riot. With peace, progress is sure.
• Protection of human rights: When laws and order are obeyed, human rights will be protected.
• Justice in society. People are able to get justice from the courts when law and order reign in society. People are punished deservedly and everybody is treated fairly.
• In society where there is law and order, growth and development are the resulst leading to political and economic al development.

AGENCIES FOR MAINTAINING LAW AND ORDER

• The Nigeria Police Force
• Armed Forces – The Nigeria n Navy, The Nigeria n Air Force and the Nigeria n Army
• Public Complaints Commission
• Organs of government
• Nigeria n Prisons Service
• Nigeria n Customs Service
• Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC)
• Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC)

ROLES OF AGENCIES IN MAINTAINING LAW AND ORDER

They maintain law and order. They help detect and fight crime. They protect lives and property in society

• Armed Forces of the Federation: (i) The Army ensures that there is adherence to law and order on the land. They protect the country from external aggression. (ii) The navy maintains law and order on the sea. They also ensure that the sea boarders of the country is secure. (iii) The Air Force maintains law and order in the air. They also control and supervise the air space.
• Organs of government (refer to 2 nd term e-note)
• Prisons Service officers protect prisoners and ensure that they serve their jail terms correctly. They also prevent jail break.
• Nigeria n Customs Service collects taxes on goods brought into the country from across our boarders. They check the smuggling of goods. At the ports, they check peoples’ luggage to ensure that there are no contraband in them.
• Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) deal with the enforcement of laws on financial crimes such as bribery, corruption and money laundering in the country.
• Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) is charged with the responsibility of ensuring road safety on Nigeria n highways. It makes sure that traffic laws are obeyed through enlightenment programmes for all road users. They also issue citizens that have passed the required test with drivers’ licenses.
• Code of Conduct Bureau: The bureau receives declarations by public officers on their assets. It receives complaints of non-compliance with or breach of the provisions of the code of conduct bureau. They ensure that law and order prevail by investigating complaints received by them and possibly referring such cases to the Code of Conduct Tribunal.

ROLES OF CITIZENS IN MAINTAINING LAW AND ORDER

Citizens are expected to maintain law and order through the following:

• Obeying rules and regulations and lawful authority. It is not enough to have rules and regulations. They must be obeyed to achieve the purpose of good governance and public order. Citizens must obey and also carry out their civic responsibilities.
• Reporting crimes and criminals to the police so as to assist the police to perform their duties effectively. It will also assist the police to prevent crime and bring criminals to book.
• Acting as witnesses in court. Citizens are expected to make themselves available to act as witnesses as the need arises in courts to ensure that law and order prevail in the society.
• What is orderliness?
• Mention and explain five manifestations of law and order in society.
• Ability to affect political action
• Capacity to produce desired political results
• Recognized right to exercise political power
• Ability to perform political activities

4.The following are manifestations of law and order in society EXCEPT

 a)  due process

 b)  peaceful electioneering campaign

 c)  decorum

 d)  official election rigging

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

• List and explain the role of five agencies in the maintenance of law and order.
• Give five reasons law and order should prevail in society.
• Obedience to traditional authority
• Obedience to civil society
• Loyalty to self
• Loyalty to the state
• Reporting crimes and criminals
• Protesting regularly
• Protecting public property
• Acting as witness in law courts

READING ASSIGNMENT: What is Respect for Constituted Authority (Reference Text page 65)

RESPECT FOR CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY

INTRODUCTION:

To ensure that people live in peace in the society, there is need to obey law and order. This gives rise to people being in positions of constituted authority and the need to respect them

POWER can be defined as the ability to affect the behavior of another person by threat of some form of sanction. It is the capacity to make people do what they otherwise would not have done. Power is a relationship. That is, power cannot be exercised all alone except there is a relationship.

AUTHORITY is the described as the recognition of the right to rule. It can be regarded as the legitimate exercise of power. Every leader needs power and authority in order to rule. The exercise of power without authority is not legitimate. Legitimacy confers recognition on the leader, the authority which is the right to rule and exercise power.

CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY

Constituted authority can be described as a person or a group of persons appointed or elected into position of authority or leadership. Authority refers to duly established leadership which is recognised by the people. It is regarded as constituted authority because that position was attained with the consent of the people, either through appointment or election.

Respect for constituted authority or leadership simply means obedience to leadership by obeying rules and regulations made by the leaders that have been elected or appointed into power. The rules and regulations are made for the common good of everybody in society. The laws are to regulate the actions and activities of the citizens. It is by showing respect to constituted authority that the objectives stated in the constitution can be achieved.

TYPES OF CONSTITUTED AUTHORITY

• Traditional authority: They are based on the traditions and customs of the people. The Obas, Emirs and Obis are custodians of the culture and customs of the people.
• Religious authority: This kind of leadership is based on religions. People like the Imans, Priests and Pastors are leaders that emerge as a result of religious authority. They are regarded as spiritual leaders.
• Legal authority: They are also governmental authority because the constitution recognizes them as leaders. Authority emanates from the offices people hold and not the people holding the offices.

HOW LEADERS EMERGE

• Through elections
• Through heredity like in African tradition
• Through appointment
• Through charisma, personal qualities that people see in them.
• By tradition. Traditional leaders emerge due to customs and traditions of the people.

IMPORTANCE OF CONSTITUED AUTHORITY

• Constituted authority enforces conformity with laid down rules and regulations and ensures that citizen obey the rules which are mean for the benefit of all.
• It make policies and decisions and implements them in order to achieve set goals
• The tax payer’s money are used by the legal authority provide social and economic facilities in the country.
• It also ensures that citizens live in peace with one another.
• The traditional rulers who are the custodian of peoples’ customs preserves these from one generation to another.
• Explain the importance of constituted authority.
• Explain four types of constituted authority.
• Constituted authority

READING ASSIGNMENT:

Read: Employment (page 13) of Civics Education for SS 2

WEEKS 7 & 8

EMPLOYMENT means to be engaged in a job or occupation.

UNEMPLOYMENT is having no paid job or to be out of job. It can also be explained to be an involuntary idleness.

FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYMENT

• Artificial barriers to geographical mobility of labour across the various state-based sub-labour markets.
• Culturally-biased employment practices.
• Parochial practices in employment due to lack of trust.
• Increase in population growth vis-à-vis declining growth in employment opportunities.

POVERTY is a condition of absence or poor availability of material needs of the affected people.

HOW CAN EMPLOYMENT ALLEVIATE POVERTY

The problem of alleviating poverty can be adequately solved through full employment in the following ways.:

• It can help to shape and increase the pace of economic growth and employment in the country.
• Full employment will increase the level of savings and investment in a country
• Employment brings about high quality of life while un employment promotes low quality of life.
• The person feeds very well.
• Clothes himself or herself adequately.
• Lives in a comfortable home.
• Lives responsibly

GAURANTEED EMPLOYMENT occurs when workers are not laid off indiscriminately by their employers and some factor s are responsible for guaranteed employment .

• Free Education: Education must be generously made free and accessible to the poor but willing students. The certificates obtained after educational pursuits remain one way to guarantee employment .
• Provision of medical care: When workers are healthy and suffer from no debilitating diseases, they will be able to work effectively and they will not experience any threat of or termination of appointment. Government should support the need for free medical services to the people.
• Rural development: The rural areas need to be developed so as to forestall the movement of people from the rural areas to the urban areas.
• Self- employment : There is a great need for the idea of self- employment to be promoted to absorb the ever-growing number of graduates from the higher institutions.
• Development of the agricultural sector of the economy: Farmers and potential farmers must be encouraged through the provision of loans and other forms of assistance.
• Development of small scale enterprises: Small scale enterprises and the informal sector of the economy should be developed.

REVSION QUESTIONS:

• All must be working
• Only those qualified and willing to work find work
• Those in disguised employment form part of employed labour
• Account is taken of those working with government
• Poor availability of material needs
• Parochial practices
• Population growth

(b)  In what ways can employment help to solve the problem of poverty?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:

• What is a stable employment ?
• Identify and discuss the factor s that can ensure guaranteed employment in Nigeria .

What is Capitalist Democracy? Read Civic Education SS 2 by R.W. Okunloye (Page 7.)

Capitalist democracy is the form of government in which the powers of the government flow from the citizens to the governors and the running of the government is based on the consent of the electorate.

Capitalist democracy is a form of government organized in accordance with the principles of popular sovereignty, political equality, popular consultation and majority rule.

MAJOR FEATURES OF CAPITALIST DEMOCRACY

• Periodic elections: Elections are expected to be held periodically and made open, free and fair. It must be made open to all eligible candidates.
• Popular sovereignty: This means that basic governmental decision- making power is vested in all members of the community and not in any particular person or ruling class.
• Political equity: This means that each member of the community or the state has the same opportunity as every other person to participate in the nation’s political decision-process.
• Popular consultation: Leaders should implement only popularly accepted policies and not selfish wishes. That is, government should seek and get what public policies the people would like to be adopted and adapted.
• Freedom of association and groups: There must be existence of more than one political party in a democratic setting within which alternative views can be promoted, and choices made available for the electorates to pick from during elections.

FACTORS THAT IMPEDE THE SURVIVAL OF DEMOCRACY IN LESS DEVELOPED STATES

Some factor s have been seen to be affecting the smooth running of democracy. They are:

• High level of illiteracy: This means that the majority of the people are ignorant of what role they should play and also the roles the government should play in the running of the government and how to influence government decisions.
• High level of poverty: Democracy demands high level of economic independence on the part of the people. Poverty breeds election rigging, buying of votes and people accepting to serve as thugs during election periods to molest political opponents.
• Military dictatorship: Long military rule and its attendant problem s distort democracy. Most times, there are cases of inequitable distribution of wealth, a weak press, lack of judicial interdependence and corruption.

POLITICAL PARTIES IN CAPITALIST DEMOCRACY

Political parties are formed to be important instruments for the smooth running of a state. A political party is an association of groups or individuals who have agreed to come together under certain national issues (manifesto) which they offer in competition with other groups, with the terminal aim of winning and controlling the machinery of the state.

METHODS OF POLITICAL COMPETITION

• Political campaign: This is one way political parties in a political system sell their manifestoes to the electorate. It also gives opportunity to the people to meet with their future leaders and raise questions on issues not clearly stated. In some cases, campaigns are mounted on radio and television and sometimes by the use of print media.
• Organising debates and conferences: Political parties sometimes arrange different fora or conferences during which they are able to sell their manifestoes, ideologies and candidates to the people.
• Provision of material needs of the people: It is common when elections are approaching to see political parties donating food, water, stoves and other essential needs of the people. This is done to get more people attracted to the party.
• Assisting the electorate on the day of election: On the day of elections, it is common to see vehicles donated by political parties to convey voters to the points of elections or polling booths.
• Provision of party agents: In order to prevent possible rigging of elections, political parties are allowed to nominate their party agents whose duty is to protect the interest of the party. They listen to the announcement of results and watch the counting of votes.

REVISION QUESTIONS:

b.  List and discuss its major features.

 Choose the correct option :

2. The need to peacefully change political leaders dictates the adoption of

• A strong political party
• Periodic elections
• The use of opposition parties
• Society ideology.

3.  The idea of majority rule means that

a)  everybody must be forced to speak on issues

b)  the minority must have their ways accepted

c)  discussions must reflect the issues of the large majority

d)  the minority must be kept away

1.  Describe the ways in which political parties compete for power through elections.

  2.  Write ten political parties in Nigeria and their logos.

Read Youth Community Service and highlight its significance to the society.

Reference: Civics Education for Senior Secondary, Books One and Two by R.W. Okunloye et al (Longman Publishers).

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