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Verb Worksheets

Action words.

These printable worksheets help students learn to  recognize and use verbs . Verbs are doing words or 'action' words.  All worksheets are free, printable pdf files.

Grade 1 verbs worksheets

• Identifying action words and verbs
• Writing sentences with verbs
• Verb-noun agreement
• Past, present and future tenses
• Verbs ending in "ed" and "ing"

Grade 2 verbs worksheets

• Identifying verbs
• Writing verbs in sentences
• Action verbs vs linking verbs
• Conjugating verbs
• Commonly confused verbs (saw/seen; lie/lay/laid; is/are)
• Verb tenses: past, present and future tenses
• Irregular verbs

Grade 3 verbs worksheets

• Identifying verbs (actions, mental actions, state of being)
• Identify verbs and nouns
• Completing sentences with verbs
• Commonly confused verbs
• Phrasal verbs
• Subject-verb agreement
• Action verbs
• Linking verbs
• Helping verbs
• Verb tenses
• Progressive verb tenses

Grade 4 verbs worksheets

• Past perfect, present perfect and future perfect tenses
• Progressive (or continuous) verb tenses
• Helping or auxiliary verbs
• Can vs could
• May vs might vs must
• Action verbs and linking verbs

Grade 5 verbs worksheets

• The perfect tenses
• The progressive (continuous) tenses
• The perfect progressive tense
• Verb conjugation
• Noun-verb agreement
• Descriptive verbs
• Correcting verb tenses
• Verb tense shifts
• Verb tense practice (longer texts)

Sample verbs Worksheet

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EnglishForEveryone.org

Verb tense worksheets terms of use, unit 1: using "to be".

• Verb Tenses Diagram - A diagram of verb tenses and examples

This unit contains worksheets outlining common usages of the verb "to be." Good for use with beginning level and intermediate level learners.

• Answer Key - This is the answer key to Unit 1 worksheets.
• Exercise 1 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 2 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 3 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 4 - Review of the Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 5 - Review of the Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 6 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 7 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 8 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 9 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 10 - Simple Present Tense and Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 11 - Simple Present Tense and Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 12 - Review of the Present Tense and Simple Past Tense
• Print all - Click here to print all worksheets in Unit 1, including the answer key

Unit 2: Present Tense

• Answer Key - This is the answer key to Unit 2 worksheets.
• Exercise 4 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 5 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 6 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 7 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 8 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 9 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 10 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 11 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 12 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 13 - Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 14 - Review of the Simple Present Tense
• Exercise 15 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 16 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 17 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 18 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 19 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 20 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 21 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 22 - Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 23 - Review of the Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 24 - Simple Present Tense and Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 25 - Simple Present Tense and Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 26 - Review of the Simple Present Tense and Present Progressive Tense
• Exercise 27 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 28 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 29 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 30 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 31 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 32 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 33 - Simple Present Perfect Tense
• Exercise 34 - Present Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 35 - Present Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 36 - Simple Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 37 - Review of the Simple Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 38 - Cumulative Review of the Present Tense

Unit 3: Past Tense

This unit contains printable past tense worksheets. each worksheet includes an explanation and examples of the three aspects (simple, progressive, and perfect) of the past tense. practice involves filling in the blanks and rewriting sentences in the specified aspect of the past tense..

• Answer Key - This is the answer key to Unit 3 worksheets.
• Exercise 1 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 2 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 3 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 4 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 5 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 10 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 11 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 12 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 13 - Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 14 - Review of the Simple Past Tense
• Exercise 15 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 16 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 17 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 18 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 19 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 20 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 21 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 22 - Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 23 - Review of the Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 24 - Simple Past Tense and Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 25 - Simple Past Tense and Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 26 - Simple Past Tense and Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 27 - Review of the Simple Past Tense and Past Progressive Tense
• Exercise 28 - Simple Past Perfect Tense
• Exercise 29 - Simple Past Perfect Tense
• Exercise 30 - Simple Past Perfect Tense
• Exercise 31 - Simple Past Perfect Tense
• Exercise 32 - Simple Past Perfect Tense
• Exercise 33 - Past Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 34 - Past Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 35 - Past Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 36 - Simple Past Perfect Tense and Past Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 37 - Cumulative Review of the Past Tense

Unit 4: Future Tense

This unit contains printable future tense worksheets. each worksheet includes an explanation and examples of the three aspects (simple, progressive, and perfect) of the future tense. practice involves filling in the blanks and rewriting sentences in the specified aspect of the future tense..

• Will and Going to - an introduction to the difference between these two forms of the future tense
• Will and Going to answers - answers to the above worksheet
• Answer Key - This is the answer key to Unit 4 worksheets.
• Exercise 1 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 2 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 3 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 4 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 5 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 6 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 7 - Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 8 - Review of the Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 9 - Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 10 - Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 11 - Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 12 - Review of the Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 13 - Future Perfect Tense
• Exercise 14 - Review of the Simple Future Tense
• Exercise 15 - Future Perfect Tense
• Exercise 16 - Future Perfect Tense
• Exercise 17 - Future Perfect Progressive Tense
• Exercise 18 - Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 19 - Review of the Future Progressive Tense
• Exercise 20 - Cumulative Review of the Future Tense

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Verbs Worksheets

Verbs worksheets practice.

A verb is a word that shows action or links a subject to another word in the sentence. A verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being. Verbs are one of the most basic parts of speech. Verbs are in every sentence you write. Verbs show action. We currently have verbs worksheets for subtopics: action verbs, irregular verbs, linking verbs, helping verbs, verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, general and precise verbs, to be verbs, phrasal verbs, modal verbs and verb conjugation.

Here is a graphic preview for all of the verbs Worksheets. Our verbs Worksheets are free to download and easy to access in PDF format. Use these verbs worksheets in school or at home. Click here for a description of all sub-category Verbs Worksheets.

Quick Link for All Verbs Worksheets Sections

Click the image to be taken to that Verbs Worksheets Section.

Subject Verb Agreement Worksheets

Action Verbs Worksheets

Verb Tenses Worksheets

Helping Verbs Worksheets

Irregular Verbs Worksheets

Linking Verbs Worksheets

To Be Verbs Worksheets

General and Precise Verbs Worksheets

Phrasal Verbs Worksheets

Modal Verbs Worksheets

Verb Conjugation Worksheets

Description for all Verbs Worksheets

The basic rule is that a singular subject takes a singular verb while a plural subject takes a plural verb. These Subject-Verb Agreement worksheets are for students at the beginner, intermediate and advanced level.

Action Verbs are verbs that describe actions and things taking place rather than states. They are words that show action. There are two types of action verbs, mental and physicial action. It is fun to write with action verbs because they show action of the noun in the sentnce.

Verb tenses are tools that English speakers use to express time in their language. The present tense of a verb names an action that happens now. The past tense of a verb names an action that already happened. The future tense of a verb names an action that will happen. These Verb Tenses worksheets are for students at the beginner, intermediate and advanced level.

Helping verbs help a main verb to name an action or make a statement. There are 23 verbs that can be used as helping verbs in the English language. These helping verbs worksheets are for students at the beginner, intermediate and advanced level.

An Irregular Verb does not follow the pattern of regular verbs in terms of adding an -ed for the past and past participle. Irregular verbs live by their own set of rules. Most of the verbs in the English language are irregular verbs.

Linking verbs do not show action but instead they rename or describe a subject. These linking verbs worksheets are for students at the beginner, intermediate and advanced level.

The verb to be most frequently works in conjunction with another verb. To be verbs include; am, are, is, was and were. These To Be Verbs worksheets are for students at the beginner, intermediate and advanced level.

A verb is a word that shows action. A verb can show a mental or physical action. Verbs are one the most common parts of speech in the English language. It is important to expand one's vocabulary as they age. Using more precise verbs are a good way to show that a students has expanded their vocabulary.

Phrasal verbs are two word phrases consisting of a verb and adverb or a verb and preposition. Think of each phrasal verb as a separate verb with a specific meaning. They are an idiomatic phrase consisting of a verb and another element. When the added adverb or preposition is added to the verb, it creates an additional meaning different from the original verb.

A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality that is likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation. Common modal verbs include: can / could, may / might, must, will / would, and shall / should. Modal verbs tend to precede another verb. Modals do not have subject-verb agreement. They are used to indicate modality.

Verb conjugation refers to how a verb changes to show a different person, tense, number or mood. There are many ways to conjugate verbs in the English language. In the English language, we have six different persons: first person singular (I), second person singular (you), third person singular (he/she/it), first person plural (we), second person plural (you) and third person plural (they). Conjugating a verb is creating an oderly arrengement of that verb in its many forms.

by Kitty Nash

Module 3, Verbs: Types, Tenses, and Moods, Lesson 8:

Tenses of verbs, module {moduleid}, {moduletitle}.

Definition: Earlier in this module you learned that verbs are action words. Verbs have multiple forms called tenses that tell us when an action occurs. In this lesson you'll learn about the simple, progressive, and perfect tenses.

Simple Tenses

The present, past, and future tenses are called simple tenses .

Simple Present Tense

The term present tense is a little deceiving. You're probably thinking to yourself, "It's a no-brainer, isn't it? The present tense is used for actions that are happening now, right?"—not exactly. Although it's true that the present tense does have to do with current events, there are several specific ways in which it's used, including:

Talking about actions that occur repeatedly These are actions that happen on a regular basis, such as habits or routines. They can have a specific or general time frame.

I brush my teeth every morning and every night . Bret runs five miles every day . We visit my grandparents twice a year . Sometimes Sean and Jaimie go to the pool. Mom never lets us eat chocolate cake for breakfast.

Discussing current facts, basic truths, or widely accepted beliefs

The sky is blue, and the grass is green. Cats catch mice. Stealing is unethical.

Describing people or things Use the present tense to describe physical characteristics, personality traits, feelings, abilities, and likes and dislikes that are true in the present.

Her brothers are both over six feet tall. He is the nicest person I know. I feel sick today. My best friend plays minor league baseball. Many people love dogs, but many also love cats. This milk smells funny. Your new rose bush looks beautiful!

You already learned how to form the present tense in Lesson 5 , but let's review. The base alone is used for most forms of the present tense, including the first person ( I and we ), second person ( you ), and third person plural ( they ). The only time the base changes is in the third person singular ( he , she , it ). To form the third person singular, just add the letter -s to the end of the base.

Simple Past Tense

The past tense is more straightforward than the present tense—you only use it to talk about actions, events, or feelings that happened at an earlier point in time.

Olivia closed the door behind her. We pushed through the crowd to get a better view of the stage.

Let's also review how to form the past tense. Simply take the base form and add -ed . If the base ends in a silent e , just add -d , not -ed . Unlike the present tense, the past tense always uses the same form regardless of person or number. If you would like to see more examples, you can go back to Lesson 5 .

Future Tense

The future tense is one of the easiest tenses to learn because it has no irregular forms. Just as its name suggests, it's used to describe actions that will happen in the future. It is formed by combining the helping verb will with the base form of the main verb.

Tomorrow I will walk home from school.

Progressive Tenses (A.K.A. the Continuous Tenses)

Progressive tenses are used to discuss ongoing or continuing actions. They can also be used to talk about an action that is, was, or will be occurring at the same time as another action. The progressive tenses use a form of the verb to be plus the present participle of the verb.

Present Progressive

The present progressive tense is typically used to talk about something that is happening right now. It can also be used to talk about a future action or an action that is occurring at the same time as another one. It is formed by using a present tense form of the verb to be plus the present participle of the main verb.

I am walking to school right now . (current action) He is walking to school tomorrow . (future action) Most days we are walking to school when you see us. (simultaneous actions: are walking and see )

Past Progressive

The past progressive is used to describe an action that was occurring at the same time as another past action.

Yesterday I was walking to school when you saw me. (simultaneous actions: was walking and saw )

Future Progressive

The future progressive is usually used to describe an action that will occur at the same time as another future action. To form the future progressive tense, use this formula: will be + present participle.

Tomorrow I will be walking to school when you see me. (simultaneous actions: will be walking and see )

Notice how the verb see is in the present tense, not the future tense. When people talk about future simultaneous actions, usually one verb is in the future progressive and the other is in the simple present .

Perfect Tenses

Perfect tenses show when an action happened in relation to another action. To form the perfect tenses, use a form of the helping verb have ( have , has , had , will have ) plus the past participle of the main verb. The verb have changes to show the tense.

Present Perfect

An action in the present perfect began in the past and continues in the present or has ended by the present. It can also be used to talk about past actions that happened multiple times. To form the present perfect, use the present tense of the verb to have plus the past participle of the main verb.

Most days I take the bus to school, but for the last two weeks I have walked to school. I have finished my homework already.

Past Perfect

An action in the past perfect began and ended before another past event. To form the past perfect, use the past tense of the verb to have plus the past participle of the main verb.

Yesterday I rode the bus to school, but the day before I had walked to school. I was watching TV because I had finished my homework already.

Future Perfect

An action in the future perfect tense will be finished by a particular time in the future. To form this tense, use this formula: will + have + past participle.

By the time I arrive at school tomorrow, I will have walked to school 100 days in a row. By 8 p.m. I will have finished my homework.

Perfect Progressive Tenses

Perfect progressive tenses are a combination of perfect (completed before) and progressive (ongoing) tenses, which show that something began, continued, and ended before another action. The perfect progressive tenses combine the perfect ( have , has , had , will have ), the progressive ( been ) and the present participle of the main verb.

Present Perfect Progressive

This tense is used for recent past actions that happened repeatedly.

I have been walking to school on sunny days. He has been finishing his homework by 7 p.m. every day this week.

It is also used for continuous past actions that are affecting the present in some way.

I have been walking to school a lot, so I'm in much better shape than I was before. He has been finishing all his homework, and his grades have improved a lot.

Past Perfect Progressive

Use the past perfect tense to express actions that happened in the more distant past that happened repeatedly. This tense is frequently used in relation to another past action that occurred at a later time.

I had been walking to school every day, but then the weather turned cold. Isabella had been finishing her homework on time all month, but then she caught a cold and missed school.

Future Perfect Progressive

This tense is used when you are anticipating a time in the future when a continuous action will be finished.

By tomorrow I will have been walking to school for six weeks straight.

Emphatic Forms

Not a tense, but logically included in this section is the emphatic form . The emphatic form emphasizes that an action happened. It is also used in questions and in negative statements. The emphatic form uses the verb do with the present form of the verb.

Practice What You've Learned

Use the correct verb

A verb is a word that shows an action. It is important to choose the verb that fits with the subject and object in a sentence otherwise your English will not sound natural or you may not be able to make yourself understood.

For example it would be very strange for someone to say, "we is" instead of "we are", or "I need to make a break", instead of, "I need to take a break".

We can also change the form of verbs to show when an action happens.

She plays football - now and always She played football - in the past She is playing football - at the moment She was playing football - she has stopped playing

See how well you know verbs by taking this quick quiz. Choose the correct verb in each sentence:

• 1) I ___ to her yesterday. speak speaking spoke
• 2) ___ you go on holiday last summer? Do Did Does
• 3) I'm going to ___ a suit to the party. wearing wore wear
• 4) They ___ all brought their homework. have is has
• 5) Let me ___ you a cup of coffee. make makes making
• 6) Please do not ___ a mess in this room. make do have
• 7) We were ___ TV in the living room. watch watched watching
• 8) He __ skiing on Saturday. go going goes
• 9) They could not ___ which one they liked. deciding decide decided
• 10) Can I ___ you a question? asks asking ask

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How To Identify Verbs With Examples

There are many ways to identify verbs. I have found using a simple chart (see below) with verb kinds, verb functions and verb voices to be an excellent way to see the bigger picture of how to identify verbs with examples in English sentences.

To identify verbs you will need to understand what they are and how they function in the sentence.

I have divided verbs into kinds, functions and voices so that I can identify verbs and how they work in sentences.

This is a very simplistic approach. Sometimes it helps to keep it super simple (KISS).

Two Kinds of Verbs

1. Actions Verbs are verbs that show action or ownership.

• Bradley walked the dog. (shows action with a direct object)
• Jennifer played the piano at the concert. (shows action with direct object)
• Emma sings professionally every time. (completes action without a direct object)
• Candice writes beautifully in her diary. (completes action without a direct object)
• David has an umbrella with him. (shows ownership)
• The football players have helmets for protection. (shows ownership)
• Jonathan possesses many tools for his trade. (shows ownership).

2. Linking verbs are verbs that link the subject to a word that renames the subject. These words are often referred to as predicate nominatives or adjectives.

• Rachel is a girl. (predicate nominative)
• Rachel looks beautiful. (predicate adjective)
• David was the principal of our local school. (predicate nominative)
• He became violent after his accident. (predicate adjective)
• David and Brad are intelligent men. (predicate nominative)

[NOTE:] I often see charts with ACTION VERBS, LINKING VERBS and HELPING VERBS and this can easily influence people to think that there are three kinds of verbs.

Helping verbs or auxiliary verbs (click on the link above to see all the helping verbs) help the main verbs (which are action verbs) in a sentenced by adding meaning and conveying time.

Here are some examples!

• Bradley will walk the dog tomorrow. (Future Tense)
• Bradley will have walked the dog by the time I return. (Future Perfect Tense)
• Bradley might walk the dog tomorrow. (Expectation)
• Bradley is walking the dog at the moment. (Progressive Form)
• Bradley did walk the dog this morning. (Emphatic Form)

When you spot the two kinds of verbs in English sentence, you will quickly learn how to identify verbs when we see them.

Two Functions of Verbs

1. Transitive verbs are verbs that carry action from a doer to a receiver (usually a direct object).

• Jonathan hits the ball over the fence. (The ball received the action of the verb)
• Rebekah writes letters to her missionary friends. (The letters receive the action of the verb)
• Candice watched the sunset with her family. (the sunset received the action of the verb)
• David played the guitar at the wedding. (guitar received the action of the verb)
• Brad caught the ball in the cricket game. (the ball received the action of the verb)

2. Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not carry action to a receiver; instead, these verbs complete the action themselves (they have no direct object).

• Rebekah writes beautifully. (no direct object)
• Jenny walked to the store in the rain. (no direct object)
• Candice ran across the field to avoid the rain storm. (no direct object)
• Emma spoke elegantly during the recital. (no direct object)
• David sang beautifully during the concert. (no direct object)

[NOTE:] All linking verbs are intransitive.

• Bec is a leader in her college class. (Links to Predicate Nominative)
• Rachel looks pretty . (Links to Predicate Adjective)
• The music sounds awful . (Links to Predicate Adjective)
• Jonathan became an apprentice builder . (Links to Predicate Nominative)

When you recognize the two functions of verbs, you will learn very quickly how to identify verbs in English sentences.

Two Voices of Verbs

Only transitive verbs have voice. Voice tells whether the subject of the sentence is acting or being acted upon.

1. Active voice tells you if the subject performs the action and the direct object receives the action.

• Jenny played the piano at church this morning. (Jenny performs the action)
• Rebekah rode the bike along the path. (Rebekah perform the action)
• Rachel drove the car to work this morning. (Rachel performs the action)
• Brad walked the dog along the beach during the cool of the afternoon. (Brad performs the action)
• Jonathan fixed the fence for his neighbor. (Jonathan performs the action)

2. Passive voice tells you if the subject receives the action.

• Jenny rode the bike. (the subject performs the action – active voice)
• The bike was ridden by Jenny. (the subject receives the action – passive voice)
• Rachel drove the car to work. (the subject performs the action – active voice)
• The car was driven by Rachel. (the subject receives the action – passive voice)
• Jenny played the piano at church. (the subject performs the action – active voice)
• The piano was played by Jenny at church. (the subject receives the action – passive voice)

Remember with active voice the subject performs the action and the direct object receives the action.

Remember with passive voice the subject of the sentence receives the action.

• The music team led the worship service. (the subject performs the action – active voice)
• The worship service was led by the music team. (the subject receives the action – passive voice)

[NOTE:] A passive voice verb is always a form of “be” with a past form of an action verb.

As a general rule, you will learn how to identify verbs once you master the two kinds of verbs (action & ownership), the two functions of verbs (transitive and intransitive) and the two voices of verbs (active voice and passive voice).

Resources For How To Identify Verbs

English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy

Plain English Handbook by J. Martyn Walsh and Anna Kathleen Walsh

The Only Grammar Book by Susan Thurman

Mastering English Grammar by S.H. Burton

Articles of Interest

What are the 7 Subjective Pronouns?

Possessive Adjectives vs Possessive Pronouns

What are the 7 Possessive Adjectives?

What is a Simple Sentence With Examples?

Predicate Nominative Vs Predicate Adjective

4 Types of Sentence Structures With Examples

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Grammar: Verb Forms: "-ing," Infinitives, and Past Participles

Learning to use the "-ing," the infinitive ("to" + base form of the verb), and the past participle (in regular verbs, this is formed by adding "-ed" to the end of the verb) verb forms correctly can be challenging. When do you use "finishing" versus "to finish " versus "finished"? The information on this page can help.

To find more information about when to use an "-ing," an infinitive, or a past participle, look up the word in an online dictionary such as  Merriam Webster , or use a corpus, such as  The Corpus of Contemporary American English . Although there are some rules to follow, some of them simply have to be memorized.

Here are six common uses of the "-ing" form:

1. The "-ing" form is used in progressive verb tenses with auxiliary verbs (helping verbs). These are in active vo ice. Here are some examples:

• I am doing my homework.
• I have been writing all day.
• I was writing when the pizza arrived.

2. The "-ing" form can function as a noun . These nouns are called gerunds and can be the subject of a clause, followed by a third-person singular (he/she/it) form of the verb . The gerund in the following sample sentences is bolded, and the verb is italicized:

• Writing is an important skill.
• Hiking is one of my favorite activities.
• Reading before bed helps me fall asleep.

3. The "-ing" noun (or gerund) can be the direct object of certain verbs. Some verbs that are followed by a gerund are the following:

The verb in the following sample sentences is italicized, and the gerund is bolded:

• He often avoids answering his phone.
• I considered conducting semistructured interviews.
• She suggested taking notes.

4. The "-ing " form is used after a preposition . The preposition in the following example sentences is italicized, and the "–ing" is bolded:

• Before conducting the research, it is necessary to complete a literature review.
• Her experience in interviewing will be beneficial.
• He is bad at remembering appointments. 
• They complained about driving in rush hour.

5. Adjectives are sometimes formed using "-ing". The "-ing" in the following example sentences is bolded:

• I read an interesting book.
• The barking dog was annoying.

6. The "-ing" form is sometimes used to include additional information in a sentence in a reduced relative clause . The "-ing " in the following example sentences is bolded, and the full relative clause is italicized:

• The woman wearing a dress is sitting by the window. (The woman who is wearing a dress is sitting by the window.)
• The pens sitting on the desk belong to the teacher. (The pens that are sitting on the desk belong to the teacher.)

Infinitives

Here are four common uses of infinitives ("to" + base form of the verb):

1. The infinitive is required after certain verbs in English. Some verbs that take an infinitive following them are the following:

The verb in the following example sentences is italicized, and the infinitive is bolded:

• I decided to go to a movie.
• He expected to obtain reliable results.
• She offered to help .

2. The infinitive is also used after certain verb + direct object structures. Some verbs that use this pattern are the following:

In the following example sentences, the verb is italicized, the direct object is bolded and italicized, and the infinitive is bolded:

• I advised him to stay . ("Him" is the direct object here.)
• I encouraged the participants to ask questions. ("Participants" is the direct object here.)
• She required us to sign the consent form. ("Us" is the direct object here.)
• He helped me to learn to read. He helped me learn to read. (With the verb "help," the infinitive can be used with or without "to." "Me" is the direct object here.)

3. Infinitives are used after certain adjectives . Some adjectives that are followed by infinitives are the following:

The adjective in the following example sentences is italicized, and the infinitive is bolded:

• It was difficult to complete the rough draft.
• She thought it was impossible to remember all the rules.
• I was wrong to assume you did not understand.

4. Infinitives are used to express purpose (in order to do something).  The infinitive in the following sample sentences is bolded:

• She is driving quickly (in order) to arrive on time.
• He completed all his homework (in order) to earn a good grade.
• I rewrote my draft three times (in order) to revise it the best I could.

Gerund ("-ing") or Infinitive ("to" + base form of the verb)?

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive and the meaning of the sentence does not really change:

The verb in the following example sentences is italicized, and the infinitive or gerund is bolded:

• She likes to read .
• She likes reading .
• He started to learn how to swim.
• He started learning how to swim.

However, for some other verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or infinitive, the choice of the gerund or infinitive creates a difference in meaning:

The verb in the following example sentences is italicized, and the gerund or infinitive is bolded:

• I stopped smoking . (I no longer smoke.)
• I stopped to smoke . (I stopped someplace along the way to smoke.)
• He did not remember going to the store. (He went to the store, but he did not recall that he had been there.)
• He did not remember to go to the store. (He intended to go to the store, but he did not do it.)

Past Participles

In a regular verb, the past participle is formed by adding "-ed". However, there are many irregular verbs in English, and these past participle forms must be memorized. Here are four common uses of past participles:

1. The past participle is used with "have" auxiliaries (helping verbs) in active voice . The "have" auxiliary in the following example sentences is italicized, and the past participle is bolded:

• She has completed her degree.
• She had completed her degree before being hired.
• I have finished my homework.
• I had finished my homework before going to the movie.

Also see this link on verb tenses for more examples.

2. The past participle is used after "be" auxiliaries in passive voice. Be sure to check our webpage on the appropriate use of passive voice in scholarly writing . The "be" auxiliary in the following example sentences is italicized and the past participle is bolded:

• I was born in 1976.
• Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
• The plates broke when they were dropped .

3. The past participle is sometimes used in a phrase to supply additional information. These participial phrases come from relative clauses with a passive meaning. The past participle in the following example sentences is bolded, and the full relative clause is italicized:

• The ideas presented at the conference are important to remember. (The ideas that were presented in the conference are important to remember.)
• The drinks served at that bar are delicious. (The drinks that are served at that bar are delicious.)
• Taken by surprise, Alice hugged her long lost friend. (Alice, who was surprised , hugged her long lost friend.) 

4. The past participle is sometimes used as an adjective . The past participle in the following example sentences is bolded:

• The received goods were damaged in shipping.
• She tried to repair her broken phone.
• The lost dog wandered the neighborhood.

-ing or Past Participle?

Sometimes both the "-ing" and the past participle ("-ed") forms can function as adjectives. However, each form has a different meaning.  The "-ing" and the past participle is bolded in the example sentences below. Notice that the "-ing" adjective refers to a thing and the past participle ("-ed") adjective refers to a person.

• The ideas are exciting . (This refers to the ideas themselves.)
• He is excited . (This refers to the person.)
• The rules are confusing . (This refers to the rules themselves.)
• I am confused . (This refers to the person.)
• The conclusion to the movie was satisfying . (This refers to the movie.)
• I am satisfied with the results. (This refers to how I feel about the results.)

Writing Tools: Using a Dictionary for Grammatical Accuracy Video

Note that this video was created while APA 6 was the style guide edition in use. There may be some examples of writing that have not been updated to APA 7 guidelines.

• Writing Tools: Using a Dictionary for Grammatical Accuracy (video transcript)

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Knowledge Check: Verb Forms

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• Next Page: Subject-Verb Agreement
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• Writing Tips

Grammar: When to Use Do, Does, and Did

3-minute read

• 12th August 2022

Verbs are essential to creating complete sentences, as they help us express physical actions ( She jumped in the puddle) , mental actions ( He thought about puppies) , and states of being ( I am hungry) .

There are several types of verbs that can each be written in different tenses, so they can be tricky to work with, especially if English isn’t your first language . We’ve put together a guide to help you use one of the most common verbs, do , in your writing . Read on below to learn more!

Action Verbs

As the name suggests, action verbs are used to express actions completed by the subject of a sentence. The base verb do is conjugated according to the tense:

1. Present Tense

In the present tense, do takes the form do or does, depending on the subject:

Consider the following examples:

We do our homework every night.

   She does her homework every night.

2. Past Tense

In the simple past tense , the base verb do takes the form did with all subjects:

   We did our homework last night.

   She did her homework last night.

Auxiliary Verbs

Auxiliary , or helping verbs, are used with another base verb to create negative sentences, questions, or add emphasis. Here’s how do should be used as an auxiliary verb:

1. Negative Sentences

Following the same subject–verb pairings introduced above, we combine the auxiliaries do , does , and did with the adverb not to create negative sentences:

   We do not do our homework every night.

   She did not do her homework last night.

Note that we can combine the auxiliary and the adverb to create the contractions don’t , doesn’t , and didn’t . You simply remove the space between the two words and replace the letter o in not with an apostrophe (’).

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Contractions are more common in conversations and informal writing and typically shouldn’t be used in formal writing (e.g., academic or business).

2. Questions

To create questions, the auxiliary is combined with the infinitive of another verb in this way: auxiliary verb + subject + infinitive verb .

●  Simple present questions:

Do they sell children’s books?

Does he speak English?

Note that the third person verb speaks isn’t spelled with the s when paired with the auxiliary to form a question.

●  Simple past questions:

Did you buy anything at the bookstore?

Did he learn how to speak English?

Note that did indicates the past tense, so the main verbs don’t also take the past tense (i.e., bought and learned ).

3. Emphasis

In positive sentences, we can also combine the auxiliaries do , does , and did with the main verb to emphasize that something is true:

   We do sell children’s books.

   He did learn to speak English.

Try saying these sentences aloud and adding emphasis to the auxiliary terms with your tone. It adds a dramatic effect!

Proofreading and Editing Services

Hopefully, this guide will help you feel more confident when using different forms of the verb do in your writing. If you’re still learning or want to be sure your work is error-free, our editors are ready to help. You can upload a free trial document today to learn more!

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Definition of homework

Examples of homework in a sentence.

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'homework.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

1662, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Dictionary Entries Near homework

Cite this entry.

“Homework.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/homework. Accessed 27 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of homework, more from merriam-webster on homework.

Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for homework

Nglish: Translation of homework for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of homework for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about homework

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Definition of homework noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

• I always do my homework on the bus.
• physics/geography/French, etc. homework
• I still haven't done my geography homework.
• How much homework do you get?
• for homework I have to write up the notes for homework.
• (especially North American English) I have to finish this homework assignment .
• acquire/​get/​lack (an) education/​training/ (British English) (some) qualifications
• receive/​provide somebody with training/​tuition
• develop/​design/​plan a curriculum/ (especially British English) course/ (North American English) program/​syllabus
• give/​go to/​attend a class/​lesson/​lecture/​seminar
• hold/​run/​conduct a class/​seminar/​workshop
• sign up for/​take a course/​classes/​lessons
• go to/​start preschool/​kindergarten/​nursery school
• be in (North American English) the first, second, etc. grade/ (British English) year 1, 2. etc. (at school)
• study/​take/​drop history/​chemistry/​German, etc.
• (British English) leave/​finish/​drop out of/ (North American English) quit school
• (North American English) graduate high school/​college
• be the victim/​target of bullying
• (British English) play truant from/ (both British English, informal) bunk off/​skive off school (= not go to school when you should)
• (both especially North American English) skip/​cut class/​school
• (British English) cheat in/ (North American English) cheat on an exam/​a test
• get/​be given a detention (for doing something)
• be expelled from/​be suspended from school
• do your homework/ (British English) revision/​a project on something
• work on/​write/​do/​submit an essay/​a dissertation/​a thesis/​an assignment/ (North American English) a paper
• finish/​complete your dissertation/​thesis/​studies/​coursework
• hand in/ (North American English) turn in your homework/​essay/​assignment/​paper
• study/​prepare/ (British English) revise/ (North American English) review/ (North American English, informal) cram for a test/​an exam
• take/ (both British English) do/​sit a test/​an exam
• (especially British English) mark/ (especially North American English) grade homework/​a test
• (British English) do well in/ (North American English) do well on/ (especially North American English, informal) ace a test/​an exam
• pass/​fail/ (especially North American English, informal) flunk a test/​an exam/​a class/​a course/​a subject
• apply to/​get into/​go to/​start college/ (British English) university
• leave/​graduate from law school/​college/ (British English) university (with a degree in computer science)
• study for/​take/ (British English) do/​complete a law degree/​a degree in physics
• (both North American English) major/​minor in biology/​philosophy
• earn/​receive/​be awarded/​get/​have/​hold a master’s degree/​a bachelor’s degree/​a PhD in economics
• Have you finished your homework?
• Have you done your physics homework yet?
• I was helping my sister with her maths homework.
• The homework assignments are worth 10% of the final grade.
• I have some homework to do on the Civil War.
• I want you to hand in this homework on Friday.
• The science teacher always gives a lot of homework.
• They get a lot of homework in English.
• They get masses of homework at secondary school.
• We had to write out one of the exercises for homework.
• for homework
• homework  on

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