phd and masters difference

  • Masters vs PhD – Differences Explained
  • Types of Doctorates

The decision of whether or not to pursue a Masters or PhD (or both) after you complete your undergraduate studies is not necessarily a straightforward one. Both are postgraduate degrees but are different in terms of the academic experience and the career paths taken afterwards.

In short, a Masters degree involves a year of study, primarily through taught lectures and a final dissertation research project, whilst a PhD (also referred to as a doctorate degree) is a three-year commitment of independent research on a specific subject.

There’s more to it than that, however – read on for more information.

What Is a Masters Degree?

A Masters degree is the next level of education after the completion of an undergraduate degree, commonly known as a Bachelors.

These degree levels are often referred to in terms of cycles so that a Bachelor’s is a first-cycle degree, a Masters is a second-cycle and finally, a PhD is the third-cycle of higher education (and the highest).

Masters degrees demand an intense period of study, usually centred around a core series of lectures and taught modules, coupled with coursework assignments and exams, followed by the completion of a contained research project usually taking students 3-4 months to complete.

These types of degrees are attractive to recent graduates who want to delve deeper into their specific field of study, gaining some research experience and more specialised knowledge beyond what an undergraduate degree can offer.

Equally, some pursue a Masters degree program in a subject that is only tangentially related to their Bachelors degree, helping them gain a broader depth of knowledge.

These degrees also serve as a significant stepping stone for those already in employment who want to progress their current career development and earn a higher salary. They can also be an excellent method for helping in changing careers completely by learning new skills and subject knowledge.

What Is a PhD Degree?

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest academic degree that can be awarded and is the third and final cycle in the progression of higher education.

A doctoral degree is earned on the basis of producing a significant, independent and novel body of work (a Thesis) that contributes new knowledge to a particular research topic.

These are research degrees that are a significant investment of a candidate’s time, resources and energy and are all but a pre-requisite for anyone considering a career in academia, such as eventually becoming a professor.

There are some exceptions to this, such as those with a medical background who may earn an MD (Doctor of Medicine), which is the equivalent of a PhD.

Doctoral degrees can also have a significant positive impact on career development outside of academia, especially in fields such as engineering, business and finance that have a high demand for highly qualified and capable people.

A graduate student engaged in PhD study is commonly known as a PhD student, PhD candidate or doctoral student.

What are the Benefits of a Masters Degree?

There are several reasons one might consider doing a Masters degree rather than a PhD in their graduate education. These include:

  • It takes approximately a third of the time to do compared to a doctorate degree and costs less too.
  • It’s a good way to differentiate yourself from those that hold only an undergraduate degree without having to commit to a substantial research degree.
  • The end goal is more career-focused as opposed to research-focused. For example, it is practically an ‘easier’ route to changing or progressing your career if that aligns with your professional goals.

What are the Benefits of Doing a PhD?

You may continue on into a doctoral program after a Masters or you may even dive straight in after completing your undergraduate studies. So, what are the advantages of completing this third-cycle?

  • You’ll have developed a wealth of transferable skills at graduate school, such as effective communication of complex concepts, multi-tasking time-management and the ability to adapt to and solve unexpected problems.
  • A doctorate helps to establish you as an expert within your chosen subject area; your work will hopefully have furthered the knowledge in this.
  • It will open up career paths and teaching positions within academia that may otherwise be very difficult to get a hold in (although these career paths will still be very competitive).
  • You can add the title ‘Dr’ in front of your name!

Which Degree Is More Impactful: A Masters or a PhD?

On paper, the answer should be clear: A doctorate degree is the highest degree you can earn, so has more impact than a Masters, which in turn has more impact than a Bachelors.

The reality is that the size of the impact (if any) really depends on the subject area and the career path you choose (if the measure of impact is how it positively improves your career prospects, that is).

For someone with aspirations of becoming a professor, a PhD will be of greater value than a Masters alone.

Equally, it’s also possible that someone with a PhD entering a different field or one that doesn’t require a PhD may find that their degree has no bearing on their career or in some cases may even be seen as a ‘negative’ with a concern of the person being ‘over-qualified’ for a position. There are many scenarios in which professional experience would be more valuable to an employer than a doctorate degree.

Check out the links below to our interviews with Prof. Debby Cotton and Dr Nikolay Nikolov to read their experiences of when a going through a PhD program has had a clear benefit (Prof. Cotton) and when it hasn’t been helpful (Dr Nikolov).

Debby Cotton_Profile

Do You Need to Have a Masters to do a PhD?

This really depends on the university, department and sometimes even the project and supervisor.

From a purely application process perspective, some institutions may formally require you to hold a Masters degree relevant to the subject of the PhD project before you can enter their doctoral program.

In another scenario, most universities are unlikely to accept candidates that were awarded below a 2:1 (in the UK) in their undergraduate degree but may consider someone who has ‘made up’ for this with a high-grade Masters.

Lastly, some universities now offer PhD programmes that incorporate an additional year of study in which you would complete a Masters degree before carrying directly on into a PhD project. As you’d expect, even if a university doesn’t formally require you to hold one, a Masters degree can help separate you from other applicants in being accepted on the project.

Check out our detailed guide to doing a PhD without a Master’s .

Why Do a Masters before Your PhD?

Even if you don’t need to have one, it could still be beneficial to begin your postgraduate study by doing a Masters first before you embark on your doctorate journey.

As mentioned previously it’ll help you stand out from applicants that don’t have one, but beyond that, it’ll give you a taster of what research life could be like, especially if you stay at the same university and department for your PhD.

The one-year commitment (in the UK at least) of carrying out a Masters first, and in particular your research project, will help you better understand if this is truly something you want to commit the next three or more years to.

You’ll learn some of the skills of independent research, from performing detailed literature searches to more complex, analytical writing.

At the end of it, you should be in a stronger position to consider your options and decide about whether to continue into a PhD at graduate school.

Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.

How Long Does It Take to Get a Masters Degree?

In the UK, a full-time Masters degrees take students one calendar year to complete: The programme of study usually starts in September, the final research project the following April and final project viva around August. Part-time degrees are usually double the time.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD?

In the UK, most PhD projects take 3-4 years to complete , as reflected by the majority of funded projects offering stipends to cover living expenses of about 3.5 years.

For many reasons, projects may end up taking longer to complete, however. This might be because of difficulties in collecting enough data, or if the project is being done part-time.

Which One is More Expensive to Do?

As you’d expect, as a PhD takes three times as long to complete as a Masters degree, it will cost you more to do as far as university fees are concerned.

Another thing to consider is that many PhD projects come with some level of funding equivalent to a low salary, which may cover the cost of tuition fees and living expenses, whilst it is usually more difficult to obtain funding for Masters study.

Conversely, a Masters graduate may progress into a higher (versus PhD funding) salary sooner whilst a PhD student will endure three years of a comparatively low income.

A Masters vs a PhD: Conclusion

If you’re considering continue further graduate study after your undergraduate degree, the question of doing a Masters vs a PhD is likely to come up. They are both considered an advanced degree, each with their own advantages.

There are benefits to doing either of these graduate programs or even both of them; your decision here can be easier if you have an idea of the career you want to follow or if you know you have a love for research!

Browse PhDs Now

Join thousands of students.

Join thousands of other students and stay up to date with the latest PhD programmes, funding opportunities and advice.

logo (1)

Tips for Online Students , Tips for Students

Master’s vs PhD — These are the Main Differences

Updated: July 18, 2022

Published: October 31, 2019

Master’s-vs-PhD---These-are-the-Main-Differences-

The consideration between earning a master’s vs PhD is not always an easy choice. While many careers and personal aspirations may be complete with just an undergraduate degree (Associate’s or Bachelor’s), a lot of people continue their higher education to obtain graduate degrees. These include a master’s and/or a PhD.

Neither a master’s degree nor a PhD is considered to be a walk in the park. Therefore, it’s useful to understand why you would earn either and then decide how far to go.

phd and masters difference

Photo by  Good Free Photos  on  Unsplash

Definitions: master’s vs phd.

Bost a master’s and PhD are defined as postgraduate degrees, but they require different commitments and styles of learning.

1. Master’s Degree:

Mostly all master’s degrees will require the completion of an undergraduate bachelor’s degree to enroll. They generally all share the same common requirement for a thesis or dissertation to graduate.

Earning a master’s degree through a taught program will result in the completion of a Master of Art (MA), Master of Science (MS), or Master of Philosophy (MPhil). For those who earn their master’s degree through research, they will earn a Master of Research (Mre), in a tailored field of study. There are also degree-specific master’s programs like Master of Business Administration (MBA) and Master of Education (M.Ed).

After earning a master’s degree, the next step is a PhD, which entails both working and performing research at an institution. A PhD is an abbreviation for “Doctor of Philosophy.” It is the highest academic degree one can achieve. As such, it is a time-consuming pursuit that requires a lot of studying and research.

You may be wondering, “Do you need a master’s to get a PhD?”

Technically, the answer is not always. Some students skip a master’s and go straight for their PhD, but they may lack research experience. While it could save money, the transition between a bachelor’s and a PhD is incredibly sharp. It may be harder to complete a PhD without the experience from a master’s.

Yet, some institutions may allow for the possibility to earn both your master’s and PhD in conjunction with one another. This will alleviate the transition between skipping a master’s and going straight to earning a PhD.

Should You Get a Master’s or PhD?

There are many considerations to factor when deciding between a master’s of PhD. For starters, it’s useful to consider the amount of time it will take, the cost, and the benefits and disadvantages of each. It is also of utmost importance to explore your own personal goals and reasons for wanting a graduate degree.

If your desired career of choice requires a PhD, like becoming a university professor, then you have your answer. If you want to start a business and benefit by networking while in school, a Master of Business Administration (MBA) could be a good idea. Consider what you want to pursue as a career and find out the requirements first.

Another useful thing to note is that a master’s degree can be used for a shift in careers. For example, if you attended college and earned a bachelor’s degree in humanities, but now you want to pursue science, you can still earn your master’s degree in a scientific discipline. On the other hand, a PhD is tailored to your field of study and specialty, so it will require that you are sure of your direction when you first earn your master’s degree.

Length of Time

A typical master’s degree program takes about two years full-time. However, there are accelerated programs that can be completed in just a year or so.

A PhD, in general, requires five to six years of studying, teaching, and research. However, it may even take some students up to eight or nine years to graduate. With this significant investment in time, it’s necessary to know if a PhD is right for you before starting.

The cost of both programs varies by institution and enrollment status of part-time versus full-time. However, since a PhD takes longer to complete, it will end up costing more. With that said, if you look into your return on investment, a PhD could end up yielding a higher salary, and therefore end up “costing less.”

Additionally, there is also the possibility of being paid to complete your PhD. Some students may receive an academic stipend, a university fellowship or apprenticeship or a reduced fee to earn their PhD while completing research (or teaching) at an institution. It’s also possible to get financial aid through a scholarship or grant.

As tuition rates continue to rise, it’s useful to look into alternative institutions for affordable education. For example, the University of the People offers a tuition-free master’s program in Business Administration and Education. This means you can study 100% online and graduate for less than the cost of most programs.

Weighing the Benefits

When comparing the two degree types, here are some benefits of each:

  • Career-oriented
  • Can open the door for more job opportunities
  • Costs less than a PhD
  • Takes less time than a PhD
  • Helps you stand out from those with only an undergraduate degree
  • You can perform research in your field of choice
  • You become an expert in your field
  • The prefix Dr. is added to your name
  • You can teach in academia at the highest level

Required Commitment and Reasons to Pursue

Both a master’s and a PhD require a huge amount of hard work and utter commitment. You must be dedicated and motivated to complete either degree. Since most careers only may require a bachelor’s degree, having a master’s or PhD will set you apart from the competition. However, this should not be the sole reason to pursue either.

You may be wondering why would you earn either degree. Here’s a look at some motivational factors:

Reasons to Study for a Master’s

  • Your career requires it (see next section)
  • You want to advance your subject knowledge
  • You want to experience graduate school and network with peers

Reasons to Study for a PhD

  • You want to contribute new research to your field of choice
  • Your career requires a PhD
  • You want to earn the title of Dr.

Careers in the medical field often require a PhD

Photo by  Online Marketing  on  Unsplash

Required degrees by career.

Most people are motivated to pursue higher education because their desired careers require they do so. Here, we will break down those fields that require the completion of a master’s degree as it’s high on the list of reasons why to get one.

  • Education Administration: To work as an administrator in an educational institution, you need to hold an advanced degree. A Master’s in Education (M.Ed) will provide you with the necessary knowledge and required skills to succeed in the field.
  • Executive Level Business: A Master’s in Business (MBA) will not only place you ahead of the competition to land high-level positions in the field of business, but it can also be the jumping off point for becoming your own boss.
  • Environmental Science: With issues in climate change and technological advancement, careers in Environmental Science are growing. As with most scientific careers, it requires a master’s degree where you will learn Applied Ecology, Environmental Policy, Environmental Chemistry, and more.
  • Mental Health: To become a licensed practitioner and assist in mental health counseling, you will continue your education through a master’s degree in the field.
  • Physical Therapy: Employers of physical therapists often prefer them to obtain a master’s degree in the discipline as the field is highly specialized.

Of course, some careers require a PhD. These careers are easy to spot because they have the prefix Dr. in front of them or the suffix like J.D. (Juris Doctor). To become a lawyer, doctor of medicine, veterinary medicine or psychologist/psychiatrist, you must obtain a PhD in the respective field.

Salary Differences Between Master’s and Ph.D. Graduates

According to a study performed by the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce , the overall evidence shows that the higher the degree you have, the higher your salary potential. However, the differences vary by subject level and field.

In general, the expected lifetime earnings of those with each degree level is as follows:

  • High School Diploma: $973,000
  • Bachelor’s Degree: $1.3 million
  • Master’s Degree: $2.7 million
  • Doctorate Degree: $3.3 million

The Bottom Line

Aside from the financial cost and length of time, the opportunity to earn a master’s and a doctorate degree can offer several benefits.

However, it is an undertaking that requires a lot of dedication and motivation on behalf of the student. As such, it’s important to perform research on your desired career’s requirements, as well as your personal interest in pursuing either a Phd vs master’s.

Related Articles

Graduate Journey Resource Center

Discover valuable resources to assist you in your program search and decision-making process.

Graphic of Balancing Master’s vs PhD

Master’s vs. Ph.D.: What’s the Difference and Which One to Choose?

If graduate school is on your radar, one of the first things to consider is what type of degree you should pursue . While a bachelor’s degree is required for any postgraduate study, many people think you need a master’s to pursue a Ph.D., but that isn’t always the case. While there are benefits to receiving your master’s degree before your Ph.D., it’s not always necessary or required. However, there are important differences to note when deciding which type of program to apply to.

Master’s degree

A master’s degree usually takes about two years to complete full time. There are programs that allow a student to attend on a part-time basis, but that of course extends the completion time. Many master’s programs require a thesis to be completed, but not all. A thesis is a research project that is completed during the final year of a master’s program under the guidance of your program chair or advisor.

Under the master’s umbrella, there are quite a few specific degrees you can obtain. Your professional path will determine which of these you pursue.

  • Master of Arts (MA) is given for disciplines in the arts and social sciences.
  • Master of Science (MS) is given for sciences, health, engineering and statistics.
  • Master of Research (MRes) is focused on training students to become researchers. This is advantageous to a student if they’re pursuing a research-based career or planning to apply for a Ph.D. program.
  • Master by Research (MPhil) is similar to a MRes but is more advanced and focuses on research topics to be explored in depth. It’s often considered a precursor to a Ph.D. program.

Specialized master’s degrees

There are numerous specialized master’s degrees that are categorized by profession. These are often (not always) preceded by some professional experience prior to undertaking these types of advanced degrees.

  • Master of Business Administration (MBA)
  • Master of Library Science (MLS, MLIS, MSLS)
  • Master of Public Administration (MPA)
  • Master of Public Health (MPH)
  • Master of Social Work (MSW)
  • Master of Laws (LLM)
  • Master of Education (MEd, MSEd, MIT, MAEd, MAT)
  • Master of Engineering (MEng)
  • Master of Architecture (MArch)
  • Master of Fine Arts (MFA)
  • Master of Divinity (MDiv)

Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)

There are many Ph.D. programs and, in general, it’s considered the most advanced type of research degree you can obtain. Ph.D. candidates are required to complete a dissertation to obtain their degree. Unlike a thesis, a dissertation is longer and consists of original research conducted throughout the entire doctoral study. In some cases, students may be awarded a stipend, or pay, to complete the doctoral program and dissertation.

Ph.D.’s take a considerably longer time to complete than a master’s, five to eight years on average, and they carry a rather high rate of noncompletion due to time and financial commitments. Many Ph.D. programs have stipends available, so it’s important to inquire about that when researching a particular program.

Specialized doctorate programs

As with master’s degrees, there are several specialized doctorate programs specific to different disciplines and areas of study:

  • Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
  • Doctor of Engineering (EngD/PhD)
  • Doctor of Education (EdD/D.Ed)
  • Doctor of Social Science (DsocSci)
  • Doctor of Professional Studies (DProf)
  • Doctor of Architecture (DArch)
  • Doctor of Theology (Th.D)
  • Doctor of Divinity (DD/DDiv)
  • Doctor of Science STEM (Dsc/ScD)
  • Doctor of Science Arts & Humanities (DLitt/LitD)

When deciding which one to get, consider your immediate or long-term career goals — which degree would serve you best? In some cases, you can obtain a Ph.D. with just a bachelor’s degree, but often it’s recommended you get a master’s first for the research experience that will be required for a Ph.D.

As with anything, there are exceptions. Students in law school obtain a J.D. (Juris Doctor) but can then further obtain a master’s in a sub-specialty like tax or immigration law. The health care occupations of physical therapist and pharmacist are also doctorate programs obtained post undergrad.

Making your choice

As with any decision, weigh your options, list pros and cons, and go from there. Once you’ve narrowed your options , you’ll have a precise list of programs and institutions generated for your specific goals.

Idealist logo

Popular searches

Land your dream job, the difference between a masters and a doctorate.

Two people reading books in a waiting room.

There are a lot of degree types out there. Many fall into one of two camps: doctorates and master’s degrees. Both graduate degrees offer a narrower educational focus than the undergraduate experience. The higher the degree, the longer it takes to earn and the more specialized is its focus. We’re taking a closer look at the master’s and doctorate degrees to highlight differences and help you determine which might be most useful to you.

Master’s Degrees

Master’s degrees are more versatile than doctoral degrees, and have a wide range of professional and academic applications. The most common master’s degrees are Master’s of Arts (M.A.) and Master’s of Science (M.S.) . Additionally, there are three types of master’s programs:

  • Research Master’s degrees are typically for academic and applied research disciplines. Examples include a Master’s of Arts in Comparative Literature, and Master’s of Science in Biology. In some fields, earning a research master’s degree without going on to earn a Ph.D. restricts your professional options. Figure out what's best for you and your career trajectory by talking with professors or professionals in your field.
  • Professional Master’s degrees prepare candidates for professional work by introducing practical skills and frameworks for understanding issues in their field. These degrees may also qualify a person to practice in their field. Examples include a Master’s of Social Work, Master’s of Architecture, or Master’s of Art in Teaching. Most of the degrees featured at Idealist Grad Fairs are professional master’s degrees supporting careers in the social good sector.
  • Terminal Master’s degrees are the highest academic degree in their field. While some master’s degrees may serve as the first step towards a doctorate, others—such as a Master’s of Fine Arts in Creative Writing or a Master’s in Library Science—are as high as you can go for academic accreditation in those fields of study.

Before pursuing a master’s degree, candidates must have already earned a bachelor's degree. Master’s programs take one to three years to complete and consist of advanced-level courses and seminars. In some programs, students go on to research, write, and defend a master’s thesis. In professional master’s programs, the thesis is often replaced by final projects and exams.

Doctoral Degrees

The most common doctorate is the Doctor of Philosophy or PhD. These research doctorates prepare students to contribute to the collective knowledge base of the field and offers a unique opportunity for an individual to conduct intensive and prolonged research on a very particular topic, which often leads to publication. With a PhD, many seek careers as professors and researchers, but may also pursue roles in the nonprofit, public, and private sectors. Additionally, there are professional doctorates like the MD (Medical Doctor), and the JD (Juris Doctor). Before pursuing a doctorate, candidates must have already earned a bachelor's degree and in some cases a master’s depending on the program. Due to the nature of specialization, PhD programs tend to be smaller than master’s programs.

PhD candidates begin by taking courses and exams. They go on to take advanced seminars and complete their requirements by researching, writing, and defending a dissertation. A dissertation is one of the central components of earning the PhD and is a doctoral-level thesis about the candidate’s original research. A doctorate degree may take up to eight years to earn depending on the program, whether the candidate has already completed a master’s degree (or is coming straight from undergraduate), and the amount of time it takes to complete the dissertation.

Dual Degree Programs or Joint Master’s and PhD Programs

If you decide both degree programs sound right for you, there are some programs that offer the option to pursue both degrees at the same time. A dual degree program allows you to double count your earned credits towards the completion of both degrees. You can find more information here .

How to decide which degree is right for you?

Figuring out whether to pursue a master's or PhD will depend on your career field and educational goals. You can learn more about requirements in your field by doing some research or your own as well as networking with colleagues. Reaching out to a mentor in the field or alumni from your preferred program can also help you navigate graduate school decisions. Additionally, speaking with admissions staff at graduate schools can help provide insight into the kinds of graduate programming available. 

It can be tricky to offer general guidance on graduate programs since so much is dependent on the field of study. That said, we wanted to offer examples of how master’s and doctorate degrees can set you up for success. We've selected social work and business as fields to illustrate this:

Social Work

If you want to go to graduate school to study social work, you can study at the master’s level or the PhD level. To determine what is best for you, consider what role you’d like to play in the field of social work. If you’d like to be a social welfare direct service provider or government agency administrator, a master’s program may be most appropriate. If you’d like to become a faculty member at a post-secondary institution, a social welfare research scholar, or a social welfare policy analyst, a Ph.D. program will be a better fit. Outside of academic settings—where a doctorate is required for most faculty positions—a master’s combined with practical work experience may provide ample preparation for a career as a researcher, policy analyst, or mid-level manager.

For business administration, you have the option of a Master’s of Business Administration (MBA), or a Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA). If your long term goal is to take on a leadership role in a nonprofit or business enterprise, the MBA (or nonprofit management degree) may be best. If instead, you’re interested in a career in academia teaching and researching on business practices, the DBA will be the better option.

Knowing your professional goals will help guide your choices for graduate study. Certain career paths, such as becoming a public defender or a medical doctor, are more clearly marked with the necessary steps, including the required educational level and graduate degree. Other career paths are less regimented and therefore require more investigation and consideration of what is right for you. Thoroughly researching your field of interest and having a strong understanding of the skills and knowledge you want and need from your graduate education will inform which degree options make the most sense for your goals.

Planning on returning to school? Check out our Grad School Resources . And if you’re interested in speaking with an admissions representative, find out which cities near you are hosting an Idealist Grad School Fair this fall.

Should I Pursue A Master’s or A Ph.D.?

Shot of back of graduate looking into the distance with chin resting on hand at hooding ceremony

The first step in deciding on the right graduate program for you is to figure out which degree will best serve you—a master’s or a doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.). Here are a few factors to consider.

What are your career goals?

  • Professional master’s: A good choice if you want to develop a particular skill set in order to practice a particular profession. This type of degree provides coursework focused on learning and practicing skills.
  • Research master’s: A good fit if you want to gain expertise in a discipline and know how to teach it. A research master’s typically includes a research project or thesis and comprehensive exams in addition to coursework and provides experience in research and scholarship.
  • Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy): Consider this option if your goal is to ground yourself in a body of research and develop the ability to add to that body of knowledge. Ph.D. study includes a major research project in addition to coursework, and a Ph.D. is the highest scholastic degree awarded by American universities. Contrary to common perception, career paths for Ph.D. graduates are quite varied, not just limited to academia. Ph.D. training helps you hones skills such as writing, research, teaching, data analysis, communicating complex topics—all of which can translate into many sectors, including industry, government, nonprofit, and entrepreneurship.

See career data for Duke graduate programs' alumni

How much time do you have to pursue a graduate degree?

Master’s degrees typically take two years to complete, while Ph.D. programs generally take five to seven years ( see Duke programs' time-to-degree ). That is a significant difference in commitment and opportunity costs. It might also play a key role in deciding which factors take higher priority as you evaluate a program. How does the length of the program fit with your career and family plans? How important is the surrounding community if you are going to be there for seven years instead of two? How long are you able or willing to go on a limited income while in graduate school?

How much can you afford to pay for a graduate degree?

Consider your personal financial situation (e.g., how much savings and student loans do you have), as well as how much financial aid you can get. Master’s and Ph.D. programs differ greatly in the amount of financial aid available. Ph.D. programs tend to offer significantly more financial support than master’s programs (but often will have research or teaching requirements). 

A typical Ph.D. financial aid package usually includes coverage of tuition and fees, a living stipend, and some level of support for health insurance for a set number of years. For instance, Duke’s standard Ph.D. package covers tuition, mandatory fees, and a stipend for five years, as well as health insurance premiums for six years. 

Within an institution, the level of financial support often differs across programs, so be sure to ask your specific program about the financial aid it offers. There are also many national organizations that provide competitive fellowships and scholarships for graduate students.

Know which degree you want to pursue? Here are some key things to look for in a program .

The Savvy Scientist

The Savvy Scientist

Experiences of a London PhD student and beyond

Masters vs PhD: Which is Right For You?

phd and masters difference

PhD or Masters? It’s a tricky choice to make! There’s no one simple answer as both can be great choices and there are several angles to consider. In this post we’ll look at the differences between the two and compare various factors to consider when deciding between a Masters vs PhD.

Note – This post was a reader request. If you’d like me to cover any particular topics let me know here .

Key Differences Between a Masters and a PhD

Before we delve into the details of what factors to consider in your decision, here is a brief summary of the main differences between Masters and PhD programmes:

  • Typically 1 year long (in the UK)
  • You’re part of a cohort with course mates studying the same things as you
  • There are different types of Masters: MRes, MSc, MEng etc. Sometimes they’re fully “taught” (i.e. all lectures and exams). Other times they’re “research” (lectures and a research project) or a mixture of both. Look at the syllabus of Masters courses you’re considering for details
  • They cost money – unless you manage to secure a scholarship
  • 3-4 years long in the UK (and longer elsewhere)
  • Always involve a significant research component: that’s all they are!
  • Typically you’re not part of a cohort, the exception are CDTs (details here )
  • Although PhDs cost money, it is not normal for STEM PhD students to personally pay for a PhD. Usually you’ll get funding which covers the fees plus pays a nice tax-free stipend. See my whole analysis of how PhD stipends compare to grad salaries

Factors to consider when deciding between a Masters and a PhD

Now let’s dive into some specific comparisons of a Masters vs PhD:

  • Financial cost
  • Potential salary boost
  • Opportunity gain
  • Opportunity cost

Masters vs PhD Cost

How much does a masters degree cost in the uk.

For Masters courses in the UK there are typically both tuition fees and bench fees. Bench fees are for covering costs involved with practicals and research experiments, including consumables and training.

In the UK, if you’re a home student you’ll often pay upwards of £11,500 for tuition fees. Overseas students may get charged £21,800 or higher. Bench fees can vary a lot, typically they may be around £5000.

The course page will usually list the cost of the Masters pretty clearly, see this example from Bristol:

phd and masters difference

In addition you will have living costs on top of these fees. You’ll therefore have to budget for all of this ahead of starting the Masters unless you’re planning to work while studying. If so, here are some ideas I put together for ways to make money as a student .

There are sometimes bursaries and scholarships available for Masters students so do look at your options. The university website should list the main funding options available to you. However in my experience the majority of Masters students tend to self-fund or take out a loan.

How much does a PhD cost in the UK

In theory a PhD would incur bench fees like a Masters. Yet unlike with Masters degrees, it is pretty rare to self-fund a PhD, at least in the sciences. Instead it is normal for prospective PhD students to try and secure funding.

Usually PhD students will only embark upon a project once funding has been secured for the duration of the project: often 3.5 years.

Typically a PhD student will secure funding both to pay for the university fees, plus a stipend to cover their living expenses. For the 2021/2022 academic year a typical annual PhD stipend is £15,609 per year outside of London, or £17,609 per year in London. To be clear: this is money you get paid for doing the PhD, not that you have to pay! On top of the stipend all other costs relating to the PhD also get covered by the funding body.

If you want to find out more about PhD funding, see my separate relevant posts here:

  • How to Find PhD Funding in the UK
  • PhD Student Salary in the UK: Comparing a PhD Stipend to a Grad Salary

I lived pretty comfortably on this kind of amount of money in London, so it’s certainly possible!

Masters vs PhD Potential Salary Gain

If you’re considering a Masters or PhD to help you climb the career ladder more quickly, you may be wondering how much they could each boost your salary.

Whether or not a Masters or PhD is worth it for the potential salary gain really depends on what job you’re looking to go into. Generally, yes, the more highly qualified you are the more money you may be able to earn:

phd and masters difference

If you’re looking to boost your earning potential, from these US figures someone with a Masters could expect to earn approximately 18% more than someone with just a Bachelors degree. Furthermore, someone with a PhD may be able to earn 43% more than just a Bachelors. Therefore, on average PhDs earn 21% more than people with a Masters. There are loads of caveats though and this figure isn’t really comparing a like-for-like situation.

As a rule of thumb: if you’re going into a technical job, especially one requiring specialist knowledge you pick up from your studies, then you’re more likely get rewarded for your extra degree(s). Also notice how in the above figure across all workers the unemployment rate is lowest for those with PhDs. The unemployment for those with a Masters vs a PhD is 73% higher.

For certain companies and roles the more highly qualified you are the more they’ll reward you with a higher salary. Other companies, especially ones which wouldn’t utilise the skills from your degree, won’t pay you any higher than someone with a Bachelors degree.

There may be certain professions where getting a Masters or PhD are really beneficial for boosting your salary but I’d urge caution if this is your primary motivation for earning one of these degrees. This is especially true if you consider that instead of earning an extra degree you could spend your time gaining work experience on the job.

Consider looking up different potential employers you may be interested in working for to get a sense of whether your extra qualifications could secure you a higher salary. If the company is transparent with sharing salaries for different pay grades then you may be able to find details on their website. If not I suggest looking on glassdoor .

Masters vs PhD Opportunity Gain

What opportunities open up to you by doing a Masters vs a PhD? How beneficial could either be for your career? We’ll consider categories:

Technical knowledge

  • Lab experience

Independent thinking & problem solving

Student life.

The obvious benefit to doing either degree is that you’ll gain expertise and knowledge in a certain technical topic. Not only may this be interesting to you in its own right but the degree can be used to demonstrate your technical know-how for your upcoming career. Either degree could help with your career prospects and enable you to potentially expand your horizons and go and work abroad. Though this depends a lot on your field and specific situation!

There is a quite obvious tradeoff between breadth and depth of technical knowledge between a Masters vs PhD.

A Masters degree is considerably shorter than a PhD, therefore your opportunity to pick up deep technical skills across the period of the programme is likely to be lower.

However, it is worth noting that Masters courses involve lectures, whereas in the UK PhDs don’t. Therefore it may actually be the case that with the Masters you’re picking up knowledge more quickly than the PhD. This does of course depend a lot on the skills you want to learn and how you work. Plus, you can sometimes go to lectures if you want as a PhD student. I’d say this one is a draw.

Practical lab experience

If you do a Masters involving a research project you’ll likely spend at most 4-6 months of the year in the lab. With a PhD you’ll spend considerably longer!

In the first year of a PhD you can try out different things and with the following years of a PhD you’re learning things at a much deeper level than a Masters. Though again, this depends quite a bit on what you’re trying to learn and why. For a lot of purposes you may gain enough practical experience in just a Masters project.

With either degree I think you’ll have ample opportunities to pick up new skills and challenge yourself to think independently.

A Masters is usually a little more like a Bachelors degree. By this I mean, besides your research project, the course leaders will be setting pretty well defined questions which often come with relatively well defined answers. When it comes to conducting research (for either degree) you’ll of course be answering questions for the first time and usually this will require some problem solving.

Compared to a PhD project a Masters research project is much smaller in scope and well defined. Plus, you’ll typically be paired with a more senior lab member (PhD student or postdoc) which doesn’t often happen for PhD students. There are also sometimes group projects for Masters degrees which adds another useful skill to the mix.

A PhD is the ultimate test of independence and problem solving. A lot of us see this as a fun challenge but bear in mind the importance of having a supporting supervisor. I wrote a separate post about choosing a PhD project and supervisor .

Masters Networking Opportunities

One perk of a Masters degree compared to a PhD is that you’ll always have a group of course mates with you. Not only can this be reassuring and give you social opportunities, it also means that you can network with like-minded individuals who are interested in the same topic as you. It is very easy to see how this could lead to starting a company with a course mate or business relationships later in your career.

PhD Networking Opportunities

PhDs on the other hand may be more solitary. It really depends on the group and department you join. If you join a small group with very few other PhD students it could be a much less exciting, and potentially more difficult, environment to be doing research in. Plus less people to bounce ideas off of and network with.

Some departments are very good at putting on social and networking events for their PhD students. Others less so. My PhD involved working in two different departments and each took very different approaches. One department had an annual research day and several parties throughout the year specifically for their PhD students. On top of that were lecture series’ plus Christmas and Summer parties for the whole department. The other department organised practically nothing.

PhDs do afford you more time to build connections with other researchers in the department and collaborations with other universities and institutions. In my PhD I spent time working with two other research groups in London (at UCL and the Royal Veterinary College) as well as the Natural History Museum. I doubt I’d have formed these connections through doing a Masters.

Whether it be a Masters or PhD, remember that you’ll be a student again. Therefore for either degree you can attend all student events on campus, join clubs and societies at the students’ union which could bring with it many opportunities to enrich your life. Of course a PhD gives you more time to enjoy these benefits!

Whichever degree you decide to go for, see my post about making the most of opportunities !

Also if you’re interested, I wrote: Do PhD Students Have a Social Life? Sharing My Experiences Making Friends and Avoiding PhD Loneliness

Masters vs PhD Opportunity Cost

The main opportunity cost I can think of for either is the length of time that they take. If you’re trying to decide between a Masters or PhD, or perhaps even aren’t sure about doing either, I suggest thinking about what you’d otherwise be doing and what you’d like to do afterwards.

There is no getting around the fact that a PhD takes longer to complete than a Masters. Maybe that extra time spent deep in research is well spent, or maybe you’d be better off just doing a one year Masters degree and using that remaining time to progress a career in industry, start a business or make the most of some other opportunities.

It will come down to why you’re interested in doing either degree in the first place and what you’re hoping to do with your life afterwards.

If you enjoy research but are worried that a PhD would take too long, I don’t think you should worry too much. Firstly, I think enjoying research is reason enough to do a PhD. Secondly, in comparison to your whole career a PhD doesn’t really take up much time.

I don’t think that the time you’ll have spent doing a PhD would ever meaningfully take away from other things you could do with your life:

phd and masters difference

See my whole post about how long a PhD takes .

Masters vs PhD Difficulty

How hard is a masters.

I can’t speak for all Masters courses! How difficult you’ll find a Masters will depend a lot on the specific course and how different the topic is to your undergraduate degree. Of course if you’re jumping to a different field than your undergraduate degree you’d expect to find the Masters challenging!

What I can say is that there can be a lot of content to try and cram in during a one year Masters. The pace can be fast and there isn’t much time for you to digest the content before getting assessed on it. You have to be able to learn quickly and juggle lots of things going on at once, with regular assessments throughout the year. This is all in stark contrast to the PhD where you’ll usually have ample time to ensure you understand a concept well and there are few formal assessments to deal with.

How difficult is a PhD?

A PhD involves working independently on your own project for the whole duration of your studies. With this comes having to solve problems yourself and find the motivation to keep going with the project for several years. There is a component of luck as to how your project pans out but it is safe to say that a lot of people do go through difficult parts of their PhD related to these issues.

There are very few formal assessments throughout a PhD. Typically at around 9-12 months in, then 18-24 months in there are intermediate checkmarks and then the big one, the viva, right at the end. On the upside this means that you don’t need to worry about getting assessed on assignements or exams like with the Masters, but on the flip side it can be difficult to figure out how well you’re doing.

From what I’ve observed, some people who have difficulties during the project often face them because of a poor relationship with their PhD supervisor. I personally didn’t find my PhD hard, but that in part comes down to enjoying the content, having good supervisors and treating it like a 9-5 job. No you shouldn’t need to dedicate all your evening and weekends to it, and it doesn’t need to be a hellish experience.

Yes this is anecdotal but I also worked with many other postdocs and PhD students who shared their experiences with me. Also check out the PhD Profiles series for more insights.

See my much longer analysis about PhD difficulty here: How Hard is a PhD?

Masters vs PhD: What did I do?

My own path from undergrad to PhD was made slightly more simple because I did a combined four-year undergraduate engineering degree which took me straight to a Masters qualification (MEng). Even so, I still wasn’t exactly clear on whether I wanted to a PhD or what topic it might be in. Therefore after graduating I worked for a few years whilst also putting out applications:

phd and masters difference

This gave me an opportunity to build up my experience and work in different fields, all while getting some more research outputs which were useful for PhD applications. If you want to read more about my journey, check out my PhD profile here . While you’re there, look at other PhD students’ journeys in the other PhD Profiles too.

Whether you should do a Masters or PhD really comes down to: why are you interested in further study?

I would urge caution in getting extra degrees just to try and boost your salary. There are cases where this can pay off but consider what other work experience you could be getting outside of the university. A Masters for example will typically cost you money, whether it be eating up savings or through a loan, so do think carefully if you’re doing the degree for financial reasons.

If on the other hand you’re motivated to take on either degree because you’re interested in the topics and simply want to learn then go for it!

A Masters can be a nice introduction to a field, especially if you’re transitioning from a different Bachelor’s degree. Having lectures covering a wide variety of topics can get you up to speed and you can spend a few months on a research component if that’s what you fancy.

If you actively enjoy doing research and like the idea of spending three or four years exploring one topic then doing a PhD could be a nice option. Though I would suggest that for many people a PhD may be overkill and that for most career purposes a masters is probably enough!

If you’re wondering whether or not you need a Masters to do a PhD, see my separate post exactly about that topic here: Do You Need a Master’s To Do a PhD? TLDR: No you don’t necessarily need one in advance, and CDTs are another option to consider which combine the benefits of both . See details about CDTs here . If you are interested in research, and already know what kind of topic you’d like to spend several years studying, then I’d consider applying for a PhD without a Masters.

I know it can be difficult making these choices. Remember though that you don’t need to rush your decision. There is nothing wrong with working for a few years then coming back to do a Masters or PhD. That is what I did!

It might feel like you need a clear plan but you really don’t so please don’t let it stress you out too much! Whatever you decide I wish you all the best for your career.

I hope this post has been useful if you’re trying to decide between a Masters vs PhD! If you have any other questions, feedback or suggestions be sure to let me know and I’ll try my best to help.

Share this:

  • Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
  • Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)
  • Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)
  • Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)

Related Posts

phd and masters difference

PhD Salary UK: How Much Do PhD Students Get Paid Compared to Graduates?

5th February 2024 5th February 2024

phd and masters difference

The Benefits of Having a PhD

7th September 2022 30th January 2024

Picture of me looking regretful

My top PhD regrets: 10 lessons learned by a PhD grad

21st April 2022 25th September 2023

4 Comments on “Masters vs PhD: Which is Right For You?”

Great article! I completed my MEng in Mechanical from Cardiff in 2018 and am now looking for an Industrial PhD (I think it’s also known as an EngD or DEng?). As I’d like to pursue an academic role in future but after a PhD I’d like to go into industry to really test the knowledge I gain (or maybe start a company).

I’d like to learn more and become a specialist who really understands and grasps all aspects of Mechanical Engineering. Plus, I really like the calculation side of things, but have had difficulty finding jobs, so I think a PhD would be a significant benefit to me. Though, I found it interesting that you state that having a PhD doesn’t increase salary expectations necessarily; I thought salary rise would be a bonus (from other articles) but I guess this depends on the companies that appreciate PhDs and whether you apply to the right ones.

Do you have an article showing how to make your PhD applications stand out?

Keep it up!

Kind regards, Y

PS Just a minor detail the last section on which is right for you (first line) has a typo: Masters of PhD… should be Masters or PhD.

Thanks very much for your comment and for pointing out a typo! Hey, mech eng MEng and Cardiff, nice! Yep I’ve known people doing EngDs and they look like a nice option.

As per the bar chart in the article, on average a PhD leads to higher salaries but in the article I wanted to temper salary expectations and make it clear that it is not necessarily a great idea to do a PhD if earning more money were the main motivation: not only may a PhD prove frustrating if someone doesn’t actually enjoy the research but it’s also pretty inefficient since in a lot of cases simply spending those 3-4 years gaining experience in a job could likely lead to equivilant or larger promotions over that period. Yeah it really depends on the company and industry. As per the article you could have a look at the companies advertising positions in a subfield of mech eng you’re interested in and check the candidate requirements and associated compensation to get a sense of what a PhD could add.

An article I’m actually currently drafting for June is about how I managed to get a PhD scholarship which includes lots about making your application stand out, so I suggest check back later in the month!

Best wishes and good luck,

By the way I forgot to add that each candidate in the PhD Profiles series answers the question of what made their PhD application stand out, you can find the series here: https://www.thesavvyscientist.com/category/phd-profiles/

Thanks Jeff, I think I’ve got a lot of research to do as I’m quite open as to what I want to apply to. After reading your profile I think I have a similar interest in the medical field as I did a placement at Olympus medical and really enjoyed it. Plus working with professional engineers to a specific deadline is quite fun. I might choose to go a similar route to you by emailing the scientists/engineers who are running the PhD(s) I’m interested in and getting work experience until I’m certain of the topic I want to explore. There’s just so many options! Thanks for writing these blogs! Kind regards Yusuf

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Notify me of follow-up comments by email.

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

Privacy Overview

  • Affiliate Program

Wordvice

  • UNITED STATES
  • 台灣 (TAIWAN)
  • TÜRKIYE (TURKEY)
  • Academic Editing Services
  • - Research Paper
  • - Journal Manuscript
  • - Dissertation
  • - College & University Assignments
  • Admissions Editing Services
  • - Application Essay
  • - Personal Statement
  • - Recommendation Letter
  • - Cover Letter
  • - CV/Resume
  • Business Editing Services
  • - Business Documents
  • - Report & Brochure
  • - Website & Blog
  • Writer Editing Services
  • - Script & Screenplay
  • Our Editors
  • Client Reviews
  • Editing & Proofreading Prices
  • Wordvice Points
  • Partner Discount
  • Plagiarism Checker
  • APA Citation Generator
  • MLA Citation Generator
  • Chicago Citation Generator
  • Vancouver Citation Generator
  • - APA Style
  • - MLA Style
  • - Chicago Style
  • - Vancouver Style
  • Writing & Editing Guide
  • Academic Resources
  • Admissions Resources

Master’s vs PhD/Doctorate Degrees – Key Differences

phd and masters difference

So, you are done with your bachelor’s degree but not with studying–according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , this seems like a good idea. In its projections for the years 2019–2029, it lists 36 occupations that typically require a master’s degree and 63 requiring a doctoral or professional degree. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data also shows that the wages for these occupations are higher than the median for all occupations. 

Now you might wonder: What is the difference between master’s and PhD degrees and which one should I get? Read on for all the information you need to make this important decision!

diploma with money and diploma, master's vs PhD

Difference Between Masters and PhD: An Overview

A master’s degree is designed to teach you the knowledge and skills that you will need in your future profession. A PhD or doctorate degree, on the other hand, is designed to develop your critical thinking as well as your analytical and writing skills and is usually a years-long commitment to independent research on a specific subject. The purpose of a PhD is to prepare you for a career in academic research—although it can also help you get into a variety of other professions, and at a higher entry/salary level. In the US, a master’s degree is integrated into a PhD program, as a necessary preparation period involving mostly coursework, while in most other countries, a separate master’s degree is required to enter a PhD program.

If you want to stand out, you should definitely opt for a PhD degree: According to the United States Census Bureau , 24 million people in the US had master’s or professional degrees in 2019, whereas only 4.5 million had PhDs/doctorates. But is it worth the extra effort? And what exactly would the extra effort be? Have a look at the table below to get an idea about the key differences between master’s and PhDs.

Master’s vs PhD

Master’s or doctorate: which should you choose, how long does a master’s vs doctorate take to complete.

While the length of time it will take you to complete a PhD or master’s degree varies significantly between institutions and countries, we will focus on the US system here. Obviously, PhDs take much longer, because they are in fact a combination of both degrees and involve a long period of independent research that can get even longer than expected, depending on your topic, the available equipment or support, and a lot of other factors.

How long to complete a master’s degree

In the US, a full-time master’s degree takes students generally 2 years to complete, while part-time degrees are usually double the time.

How long to complete a PhD/doctorate

Since US PhD programs only require a completed bachelor’s degree, they start with an integrated master’s of 2 years of coursework, followed by 3–4 years of independent research into a specific topic. That usually includes publishing results, presenting at conferences, and preparing the final dissertation. Note that stipends/funding do not always cover the entire time it can take you to complete your PhD project—make sure you are aware of alternative options and additional funding at your institution or have at least thought about a backup plan before you start.

Master’s Degree Cost vs. a PhD Cost

Most people assume that PhDs are more expensive because they take many more years to complete. However, since PhD students usually receive scholarships or stipends, sometimes just for their commitment to full-time research and sometimes in exchange for teaching, the direct costs for a dissertation can be lower than those for a master’s degree. 

Additionally, while you are very likely to earn more with both degrees, the additional years of studying for a PhD should be factored into any estimation of costs vs outcomes.

Cost of a master’s degree

Master’s degrees at US universities can cost anything from $30,000 to $120,000, with tuition depending on the type of institution (public, private nonprofit, or for-profit). University rankings and general reputation also affect tuition costs. 

Whether an expensive degree (e.g., MBAs are often notoriously expensive) is worth the money for you personally depends on what kind of salary you think you can expect after graduating from that specific school. The universities you consider applying to should be able to provide you with data on the career and salary outcomes of their students, either on their website or if you contact them and ask for these details.

You can of course try to get a stipend and/or apply for a teaching or research assistant position at your school, depending on your undergraduate degree and experience. Moreover, many institutions offer the possibility to complete a master’s degree part-time, while working, which allows students to fund themselves.

You might also be eligible to transfer credits toward your degree if you have a professional certification or have earned graduate-level course credit—which can significantly reduce your total cost for both degrees.

Cost of a PhD/dissertation

PhDs, unlike master’s degrees, are usually funded, which means that tuition fees are waived and stipends or scholarships take care of living costs. Phd students are, however, often expected to take on teaching or research responsibilities in exchange for their funding. 

There are a variety of scholarships you can apply for if you want to pursue a PhD in the US as an international student—US-based ones like the Fulbright Foreign Student Program or the HHMI International Student Research Scholarships , but there are probably also funding opportunities in your home country for students who want to embark on a PhD abroad.

Pursuing a PhD degree part-time might sometimes be possible, but since students are expected to invest a full workweek into their research and potential teaching responsibilities, this is usually not realistic.

To estimate the overall cost of a doctoral program, the extra years that you could be working a full-time job with a regular salary also need to be factored into the equation—and take into account that projects may end up taking longer than expected, due to difficulties in collecting data, supervisors dropping out or moving on, or unforeseeable crises such as the COVID-19 epidemic.

Career Prospects for a Master’s vs PhD

While both a master’s and a PhD degree will qualify you for a variety of occupations that require higher degrees, they can also get you a higher salary in a profession that is also open to employees with a lower education level. PhD holders can in theory expect the highest wages, but since the two degrees prepare you for very different careers, that alone shouldn’t be what you base your decision on.

Master’s degree jobs and positions

Master’s degrees are overall more versatile than PhDs when it comes to employment opportunities and cover a wide range of fields and professions. The most common master’s degrees are the Master’s of Arts (MA) and the Master’s of Science (MS). 

Master’s programs can generally be divided into three different types:

Research master’s degrees, such as an MA in Comparative Literature or an MS in Biology, prepare students for academic and non-academic research disciplines and usually end with a thesis based on an original piece of research. In some fields, however, you are expected to enter a Ph.D. program after completing your master’s to be competitive when it comes to finding a job later.

Professional master’s degrees teach you practical skills and in-demand competencies that qualify you for a specific field and enable you to understand issues that are relevant in a certain profession. Examples include the Master of Public Health (MPH), the  Master of Business Administration (MBA), or the MA in Teaching (MAT). 

Terminal master’s degrees are the highest academic degree in fields where doctorates are not offered, and prepare students for careers outside of academia. The Master’s of Fine Arts in Creative Writing, for example, or the MS in Library Science are as high as you can go in those fields.

To give you an idea, below, we listed the 10 occupations at the master’s level that are projected to have the most openings annually from 2019 to 2029, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the highest-paying occupations for master’s degree holders without required work experience, based on projections from 2016 to 2026.

Master’s degrees, apart from helping you develop professional skills tailored to the requirements of the profession you intend to enter, can also serve as a stepping stone if you are already in employment and want to progress your career development, earn a higher salary, or change careers by learning new skills and subject knowledge.

PhD/doctorate jobs and positions

PhDs are usually intended to lead to an academic career, and many students aim to eventually become university professors. However, careers in academia are highly competitive, and there are not nearly as many professor positions as there are PhD holders. The good news is that the skills you learn during your doctoral program are often “transferable” and can be applied to other types of careers. 

Some PhD graduates end up (and enjoy) being colleague teachers, while others embark on non-academic research careers, for example at pharmaceutical companies, government agencies, consulting and technology firms, or think tanks. Job prospects vary widely across fields, with some—computer science, engineering, or economics—having very low unemployment rates, and others, for example the humanities, offering fewer and less desirable employment opportunities. Keep in mind, however, that someone with a PhD entering a different field or one that does not necessarily require a PhD may find that their degree sometimes does not help them or that they are even considered to be “overqualified” or as lacking practical skills and relevant professional experience.

Since there is no clear career path for PhD graduates, you should really take your time figuring out what field you want to work in later, what the career prospects for that field are, and if they are worth the time and effort you will have to invest to complete a PhD program. Your university should have data on the careers and salaries of their students, and should either display these details on their website or send you the relevant information if you contact them directly.

Master’s vs PhD: Application Process

The application process for master’s and PhD programs is overall very similar. In general, you will need to provide the following:

Frequently Asked Questions about Master’s vs PhD Degrees

How long does a master’s degree take vs a phd.

Full-time master’s degrees usually take 2 years to complete. Many universities offer the option to do a master’s part-time, which takes double the time. PhD programs in the US  start with an integrated master’s of 2 years of coursework (since you enter the program directly after completing your bachelor’s degree), followed by 3–4 years of independent research. 

Is a PhD harder than a master’s degree?

A PhD takes substantially longer and requires more self-motivation, organizational skills, and the willingness to carry on even when things do not go according to plan. You might also have other responsibilities, on top of your research, such as teaching or assisting your supervisor. But whether that is “harder” for you than a master’s degree that consists of mostly coursework and does not take more than 2 years depends on your interests and general working style. 

Is a master’s or doctorate better?

Master’s and doctorate degrees prepare you for different occupations and work positions, and which one is the right for you depends on what kind of career you are planning to pursue. Generally, a master’s degree is right for you if you want to deepen your career-oriented knowledge and skills for a specific profession, while a doctorate degree prepares you for a career in research, whether that is inside or outside a university.

Preparing Your Graduate School Essays

Now that you have figured out whether a master’s or PhD degree is the right choice for you, all that is left to do is to put your application together! Make sure that you focus on your chosen degree and its aim (research or a professional career) in all required documents—for example, highlight your professional and personal development in your CV for an MBA program, but the publication you got out of your bachelor’s thesis and how passionate you are about doing more research on the same topic for your application to a PhD program. 

As always, Wordvice can help with our professional Personal Statement Editing Services or Admission Editing Services , which help ensure that your application is error-free and showcases your full potential so that you get admitted to the graduate or doctoral program of your choice. For more academic resources on writing the statement of purpose for grad school or on how to request a letter of recommendation , head over to our Admissions Resources pages.

Wordvice Business & Writer Editing Services

After landing that sweet job position when you finish your graduate degree, be sure to get English editing services for any of your crucial documents before sending them to colleagues, clients, or users. Check out our list of business editing and writer editing services below.

  • Document Editing Services
  • Report Editing Services
  • Blog Editing Services
  • Editing Services for Writers
  • Script Editing Services
  • Book Editing Services
  • Assistant Professor vs Associate Professor: What's the Difference

smartsciencecareer blog

Masters vs PhD – What’s the best degree for me?

In the US, a Master’s degree is not required for a PhD – unlike most European countries, where it is a prerequisite. Thus, in the US, deciding between a Master’s degree and a PhD can be a challenging question. By understanding the distinction, you can determine which program aligns best with your aspirations and goals. This article will provide insights into the structure, requirements, and outcomes of both degrees, helping you make an informed decision.

MASTER’S VS PHD DEGREE – WHICH IS BETTER FOR MY CAREER?

students reflecting on Master's vs PhD degree – which is better for my career

If you’re a recent graduate student looking to further your academic career, a Master’s degree might be the first step. But for those aiming for a career as university professors or to lead their own research group, pursuing a doctoral program to get a higher degree could be the better option.

Choosing the right degree program requires understanding the main difference of Master’s vs PhD.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MASTER’S AND PHD?

The most important difference between Masters and phd programs is the focus and the duration.

A Master’s degree is designed as an advanced study in a specific field following a bachelor’s degree. It typically involves structured coursework, sometimes combined with research, resulting in a thesis or project.

A PhD, commonly known as a doctorate, is a research-focused degree regarded as the highest academic degree in higher education. This doctorate degree usually requires a dissertation based on original research.

This table that summarizes the key differences when considering Master’s vs PhD degrees:

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO COMPLETE A MASTER’S OR A DOCTORATE?

A Master’s program typically takes one to three years to complete, depending on the type of degree and the field of study. On the other hand,  a PhD program can take anywhere from four to eight years , with the exact duration varying based on goals of the PhD candidates, the subject, the doctoral program’s requirements, and the time taken to complete the PhD dissertation.

IS A MASTER’S DEGREE A PREREQUISITE FOR A PHD OR DOCTORAL DEGREE?

Master Students preparing a doctoral degree

In the United States, a Master’s degree is *not* required for a PhD. In contrast, in most European countries, a Master’s degree is a requirement for a PhD.

In the US , many PhD programs accept applicants with only a Bachelor’s degree. This is because PhD programs in the US typically include a Master’s component in the first few years. Students take coursework, complete research rotations, and pass qualifying exams before advancing to the dissertation phase.

In Europe , PhD programs are typically shorter, lasting 3-4 years. As a result, students are expected to have a stronger foundation in research before starting their doctoral studies. A Master’s degree allows students to develop their research skills, learn about their field of interest, and explore different research topics.

Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between PhD requirements in the US and Europe:

However, there are some exceptions to the general rule that a Master’s degree is required for a PhD in Europe. For example, in some countries, students with a four-year Bachelor’s degree may be able to apply directly to a PhD program. Additionally, some European universities offer joint Master’s-PhD programs that allow students to earn both degrees in a shorter period. However, these are structured to streamline the educational process and are often very competitive.

IS A SEPARATE MASTER’S DEGREE WORTH THE EFFORT?

In the US, a Master’s is not a prerequisite for a PhD because PhD programs typically include a Master’s component in the first few years.  Thus, a  separate  Master’s degree is probably not necessary in the US.  Most common Master’s degrees cater to professional fields, and a typical Master’s degree program is often designed to be a terminal degree.

In contrast, in most European countries, the discussion about a  separate  Master’s degree does not make sense because a Master’s program is required to reach the qualification for the PhD level.

WHAT’S THE FOCUS OF MASTER’S VS PHD: COURSEWORK VS RESEARCH?

PhD Students working on a research project

A Master’s degree involves structured coursework which allows students to deepen their understanding of a particular subject . Some Master’s programs may also have a research component leading to a thesis.

In contrast, a PhD is primarily research-focused . While there might be some coursework in the initial years of study, the main focus is on independent research, leading to the creation of new knowledge.

Graduate programs in related fields like social work or clinical psychology may offer  specialized Master’s degrees , such as the Master of Social Work (MSW) or Master of Arts in Clinical Psychology, designed to build academic and professional skills.

If you’re wondering whether to take the next step towards a Master of Business Administration (MBA) or a Juris Doctor (JD), which are considered  professional degrees rather than research degrees , assess the degree level that aligns with your professional goals.

For graduate students who have set their sights on becoming doctoral students, PhD programs offer a deep dive into postgraduate study. However, degree requirements for graduate school can be pretty rigorous, especially for a specialized Ph.D. program.

The life of a PhD student is marked by hard work and a deep commitment to contributing original knowledge to their field. Typically, Ph.D. candidates spend their academic year fully immersed in research projects, including anything from scientific research in clinical psychology to molecular biology.

ADVANTAGES OF A RESEARCH MASTER’S DEGREE

Opting for a research Master’s degree, such as a Master of Science, allows for a combination of coursework and a research project, often culminating in a thesis.

This path can provide rigorous training programs in research methodology and data analysis, valuable for those considering eventual doctoral degree pursuits.

Additionally, for those questioning if a doctoral degree is a good investment of time and resources, a Master’s program may be a sensible interim step to gain further work experience and professional development.

IS A PHD THE HIGHEST ACADEMIC DEGREE?

Students celebrating PhD degree

Yes, a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is often regarded as the highest academic degree in many fields.

However, it is helpful to note that  a PhD is not universally the highest degree in all fields . For example, in professional fields like law and medicine, the  Juris Doctor (JD)  and the  Doctor of Medicine (MD)  are terminal degrees for professional practice but differ from a PhD.

Additionally, other degrees represent the highest level of professional achievement in their respective fields, such as the  Doctor of Education (EdD), Doctor of Business Administration (DBA),  or  Doctor of Engineering (EngD) .

In some cases, there are also specialized degrees that go beyond the PhD in certain fields. For example, the  Doctor of Science (ScD)  or  Doctor of Letters (DLitt)  may be considered higher or at least on par with the PhD, depending on the institution and country. These are often awarded for a substantial body of academic research and publication.

CAREER PROSPECTS AFTER A MASTER’S VS PHD DEGREE

It is important to consider how each degree can also shape your career in science. A Master’s degree can open up opportunities for higher salaries and specialized job roles that might require a deep understanding of a particular area. You also start earning earlier compared to a PhD candidate. For example, with a Master of Public Health, you might immediately enter the workforce in your specific domain.

A PhD prepares individuals better for a research career in academia or industry. However, many PhD graduates also pursue roles in consultancy or policy-making. Someone with a PhD entering a different field may find that their degree gives them an edge in research and analytical skills.

It is crucial to assess the career and salary outcomes of the respective degrees to determine which is the most suitable for you.

WILL A PHD HELP ME EARN A HIGHER SALARY?

PhD graduation hat representing higher salary with a PhD degree

Generally, individuals with a PhD tend to earn higher salaries than those with just a Master’s degree. The advanced knowledge, specialized skills, and research experience gained during a PhD program make individuals more valuable in the job market, leading to better job prospects and higher earning potential.

WHICH GRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAM IS MORE EXPENSIVE? MASTER’S VS PHD?

The cost of pursuing either a doctorate or a Masters degree is a significant factor. While a Master’s degree can also be costly, PhD programs often come with more opportunities for financial aid such as fellowships or teaching assistantships, which can significantly reduce your total cost.

Prospective students must research and compare the salary outcomes and potential debt of Master’s and doctorate degrees.

When considering graduate programs, financial aid is a significant factor. While the costs of a Master’s program can vary, many students take out student loans.

The cost of a Master’s degree can be offset by working as a research assistant, which helps financially and enhances practical skills and subject knowledge essential for a successful professional career in science. Similarly, doctoral programs often offer substantial financial support, such as stipends.

The availability and extent of financial support can greatly vary depending on the field of study, institution, and country. Not all doctoral programs offer substantial financial support, and some students may still need to rely on loans or personal funding. However, there are many  free or fully funded PhD programs .

The cost of tuition varies widely between institutions and countries. The duration of the programs can also affect the overall cost. Typically, a Master’s program is shorter in duration than a PhD, which might imply that even if the annual costs are higher for a Master’s, the total cost could be less due to the shorter time frame.

Finally, you must consider the indirect costs of graduate education, such as living expenses, which can vary widely and impact the  overall costs and duration of pursuing a graduate degree.

SCOPE AND DEPTH: MASTERS DEGREE THESIS VS PHD DISSERTATION

While both a thesis (usually associated with a Masters degree) and a dissertation (associated with a PhD) involve research, the depth and scope differ. A Master’s thesis focuses on a particular topic, offering a new perspective or a deeper understanding. In contrast, a PhD dissertation involves extensive research to create new knowledge or theory in the chosen field.

IS A CAREER IN ACADEMIA THE ONLY PATH FOR PHD GRADUATES?

No. While many with a PhD degree pursue roles in academia, others venture into the corporate world, non-profit sectors, and governmental roles. Industries that require specialized knowledge or research skills often value PhD graduates.

It’s worth noting that some sectors that do not require a PhD may find the expertise of someone with a doctorate advantageous.

FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE APPLYING FOR A MASTER’S DEGREE OR A PHD

When deciding between a Master’s vs PhD, consider the following:

Your scientific career goals : Do you see yourself in academia or research?

Duration of study : Are you ready to commit several years to a doctorate?

Financial aspects : Can you support the cost of tuition or are there scholarships available?

Passion for research : A PhD will require intense, focused research. 

  • Master’s degrees are typically coursework-focused with some research, while PhDs emphasize extensive research.
  • PhDs generally take longer to complete than Master’s degrees.
  • Career opportunities vary, with PhDs preparing individuals mainly for roles in academia and research, though other industries also value doctorate holders.
  • Financial considerations are vital, with PhD programs often providing more financial support than Master’s programs.
  • A passion for research and commitment to the subject are crucial for those considering a PhD.

Deciding whether to complete a PhD or Master’s degree varies greatly depending on personal career goals and academic interests. For a lot of people, graduate studies at the Master’s level provide sufficient qualifications for their intended career paths. However, if you aim to immerse yourself in academia or high-level research, a PhD is likely the better choice.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)

Which degree is right for me, a master’s or a phd.

Choosing between a Master’s degree and a PhD depends on your scientific career goals and personal aspirations. When considering an advanced degree, it’s essential to contemplate the significant differences between a Master’s degree and a PhD.

A Master’s program typically offers a structured path, often leading to a thesis-driven Master’s degree, which may be the best fit for students seeking to enhance their skills in a specialized area without the commitment to the long haul of a PhD study.

A PhD may be a better fit if you are interested in pursuing a research-oriented career or becoming a subject matter expert in a specific field. However, if you want to gain specialized knowledge and skills in a particular profession or industry, a Master’s degree could be the best choice.

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF GETTING A PHD VS MASTER’S?

Earning a PhD offers several advantages. It allows you to  become an expert in a particular area of study  and opens up opportunities for advanced research and teaching positions. A PhD also enhances your critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills. Additionally, individuals with a PhD generally earn higher salaries than those with a Master’s degree.

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO COMPLETE A MASTER’S VS PHD?

The duration of a Master’s or PhD program varies depending on the field of study, research topic, and individual circumstances. On average, it takes around 1-3 years to complete a Master’s, while it takes around 4-7 years to complete a PhD, including the time spent on coursework, research, and dissertation writing. Several key factors  influence the duration of a doctorate .

CAN I APPLY FOR A PHD PROGRAM WITH JUST A BACHELOR’S DEGREE?

Typically, most European PhD programs require applicants to have a Master’s degree or its equivalent, while US universities accept candidates with only a bachelor’s degree because their PhD programs contain a Master’s component.

CAN I SWITCH FROM A MASTER’S PROGRAM TO A PHD PROGRAM?

Yes, it is possible to transition from a Master’s program to a PhD program. Many universities offer an option to apply for a PhD program after completing a Master’s degree. However, admission is competitive, and you will need to meet the additional requirements set by the PhD program, such as research experience and a strong academic record.

CAN I PURSUE A PHD IN A DIFFERENT FIELD THAN MY MASTER’S DEGREE?

Yes, pursuing a PhD in a different field is possible than your Master’s degree. However, switching fields may require additional coursework and research experience to bridge the knowledge gap. It’s essential to consider the specific requirements and expectations of the PhD program you are interested in.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MASTERS VS PHD PROJECTS?

In a Master’s program, the final project usually focuses on applying the knowledge gained during the program and demonstrating Mastery of the subject. In a PhD program, the emphasis is on conducting original research that contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field. A PhD project typically involves a more comprehensive and in-depth study.

WHAT ARE THE CAREER OPPORTUNITIES AFTER COMPLETING A PHD?

Completing a PhD opens up a wide range of scientific career opportunities. Graduates with a PhD often pursue careers in academia as professors or researchers. The path to become a professor is long, thus, reflect carefully whether it is worth it to become a professor.

PhD graduates can also work in research and development roles in industries, government agencies, non-profit organizations, and consulting firms. Additionally, a PhD can lead to leadership positions in various sectors and provide opportunities for entrepreneurship.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I have used AI systems, including Grammarly, Google Bard, and ChatGPT, to enhance the English and comprehensiveness of this article. This post may contain affiliate links, meaning I get a small commission if you decide to purchase through my link. Thus, you support smartsciencecareer at no cost to you!

RECOMMENDED READING

The following articles may also interest you:

  • Free PhD programs versus fully funded PhD programs
  • How long does it take to complete a doctorate?
  • Does medical school ranking matter?
  • Is being a professor worth it?
  • Should I choose a big or a small university?
  • Pharmacologist salary vs pharmacist salary – who earns more?
  • PA vs MD salary – are the differences relevant?
  • Should I Become A Professor? Success Rate 3 %!
  • Job interview outfits in science – what to wear?

' src=

Sven Hendrix is a Professor of Neuroanatomy at Medical School Hamburg (MSH) in Germany. He leads a research group dedicated to the neuroimmunology of brain repair and the development of xenofree organoid models as alternatives to animal experiments. Additionally, he serves as the speaker for CENE, a center focused on academic career development across MSH, Medical School Berlin (MSB), and the Health and Medical University (HMU) in Potsdam and Erfurt, Germany.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Become part of the smartsciencecareer community!

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

Privacy Overview

Get our weekly advice

Keep up-to-date with the latest advice from Abound Grad School.

Multiple choice checklist of education degrees and pencil

What Is the Difference Between a Master’s Degree and a Ph.D.?

In the United States, 13.1% of people have a master’s, doctorate, or other advanced degree. Along with the wealth of knowledge and skills you can get from an advanced education, becoming a graduate student is a great way to stand above the remaining 86.9% of Americans as you work toward your career goals.

The most common types of advanced degrees are the master’s degree and the Ph.D. Both are great options for continuing education but still have many differences. 

Do you want to learn more about each of these advanced degrees? Keep reading this article for everything you need to know about the difference between a master’s degree and a Ph.D.

Course Structure

When you are getting an advanced degree, it is important to consider the course structure of each program you are interested in. This way, you can find one that helps you learn in the way that makes the most sense to you. 

With a master’s degree, you can expect primarily to do coursework throughout the first three semesters. The remaining requirements are composed of a capstone project or thesis that culminates everything you will have learned during your program. 

With a Ph.D., you will typically do two years of coursework. After you have completed this work, you will take the remaining years to prepare your dissertation. This requires a lot of research and writing and will allow you to contribute new research to current industry knowledge. 

Degree Length

Another significant difference between a master’s degree and a Ph.D. program is the length of time they take to complete. Master’s programs are much shorter and will typically take two years to complete. Some universities even offer accelerated programs that allow you to complete your master’s degree within a single year. 

Ph.D.s take much longer to complete—anywhere from 5-6 years! There are a lot of things to cover in any field as you pursue a doctorate. What’s more, the research and writing process of a dissertation can be quite time consuming.

The doctorate degree in the United States is typically inclusive of the curriculum you would receive for a master’s in the same field, with more in-depth study beyond that. Outside of the United States, you will likely have to get a separate master’s degree before you start your Ph.D.

Culmination of Degree

As was mentioned before, the culmination of both master’s degrees and doctorate degrees differ. There are a few main differences between a dissertation and a thesis . 

For a master’s degree, you are expected to complete a capstone course or a thesis. This is a paper that is limited to about 40,000 words. The point of a thesis is to allow graduate students to present their research findings and show their aptitude in their field.

The master’s thesis allows you to demonstrate your knowledge about the research area and prove that you can contribute to scholarly work. Once you have completed your thesis, you will go through an extensive editing process before it can be published. 

A doctorate degree requires the completion of a dissertation. A dissertation is much longer than a master’s thesis and can be anywhere between 100 to 300 pages long. 

Dissertations also typically require an oral defense. You will present your work to a committee and will answer questions about the methodology and interpretation of your dissertation. 

To choose the best type of advanced degree for your circumstances, it is also important that you consider the cost of both master’s degrees as well as Ph.D. programs. Comparing degree costs will help you find a degree that you can afford.

Because a Ph.D. takes much longer to complete than a master’s degree, you can expect it to cost a lot more too! That said, many Ph.D. programs provide funding to students. While this funding or stipend is not much, it will often cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. 

On the other hand, you are completely responsible for your livelihood while pursuing a master’s degree. That means you’ll have to work hard outside of school, reminding yourself that your future career prospects will likely help you make back what you’ve spent (and then some!).

With a Ph.D., you will take longer to graduate, but you will get a higher return on your investment with an even higher average salary than that of a master’s degree holder.

If you pursue an online graduate degree , you can find much more affordable options for both master’s degrees and doctorate degrees. These also make it much easier to study while you continue to work or pursue other endeavors. 

Future Potential 

Finally, you need to consider your future potential when it comes to both of these advanced degrees. While money isn’t the only thing that you should consider, you need to know that you will be able to get a reliable job once you graduate with your degree. 

With a master’s degree, you will open the door for more job opportunities but not necessarily different career prospects. On the other hand, those with a Ph.D. typically do research for their job, often at a university. This allows you to contribute new data to your field and as well as to become an expert in your industry. 

You should also consider your potential salaries with both graduate degrees. Both degrees will advance your career and increase your money-making potential. However, you will almost always be able to make more money when you have a Ph.D. 

Becoming a Graduate Student? Learn More About a Master’s Degree and Ph.D.

When you are considering continuing education, there are many different types of degrees to choose from. Both a master’s degree and a Ph.D. are great options to achieve your education and career goals. By learning more about these differences between graduate degrees, you can find the option that works best for your needs. 

Do you want help with the advanced degree application process? Abound Grad School can help! Check out our website today to learn more about your education options as a graduate student and to find the best graduate school for you .

Photo of author

Ana -Marcela joins the team as an outreach associate and assistant editor. She values the pursuit of knowledge and is excited to use her research and writing skills to help others fuel their intellectual curiosity.  Ana -Marcela is a native Austinite and she earned her Bachelor’s in English Literature from St. Edward’s University. Her favorite author is Gabriel Garcia Marquez.  Ana -Marcela spends her free time hiking the greenbelt, cruising the aisles of half price books, or cuddling her cats.

' srcset=

Ultimate Guide to Grad School Applications

woman sitting at table with notebook and laptop

How to Choose a Grad Program as an International Student

business people networking

How to Network in Graduate School

Explore Jobs

  • Jobs Near Me
  • Remote Jobs
  • Full Time Jobs
  • Part Time Jobs
  • Entry Level Jobs
  • Work From Home Jobs

Find Specific Jobs

  • $15 Per Hour Jobs
  • $20 Per Hour Jobs
  • Hiring Immediately Jobs
  • High School Jobs
  • H1b Visa Jobs

Explore Careers

  • Business And Financial
  • Architecture And Engineering
  • Computer And Mathematical

Explore Professions

  • What They Do
  • Certifications
  • Demographics

Best Companies

  • Health Care
  • Fortune 500

Explore Companies

  • CEO And Executies
  • Resume Builder
  • Career Advice
  • Explore Majors
  • Questions And Answers
  • Interview Questions

Master’s Vs. Ph.D.: What’s The Difference?

  • Undergraduate vs. Graduate
  • Weighted vs. Unweighted GPA
  • APR vs. APY
  • Dual Degree vs. Double Major
  • Master's vs. Phd
  • Private vs. Public College
  • CAPM vs. PMP
  • High School Diploma vs. GED

Find a Job You Really Want In

Most people have a pretty solid understanding of what a bachelor’s degree is, but master’s degrees and Ph.D.s can often be fuzzier for many.

In this article, we’ll go over each of these degrees and what each one entails.

Key Takeaways:

What Is a Master’s Degree?

A master’s degree – also called a graduate degree – is an advanced degree that people with an undergraduate degree can go on to obtain.

A master’s degree takes about one to three years to obtain. This can change based on the program you pursue and how many classes you take per semester, but the typical master’s degree program lasts about two years.

Again, the actual amount of time a master’s degree requires depends on the program you’re in, how much time you have to dedicate to your classes and research, and how smoothly your research goes, but most master’s degree programs are designed to take two years to complete.

A master’s degree requires a bachelor’s degree. This is the main prerequisite for starting a master’s degree. While some master’s programs require students to have bachelor’s degrees related to the graduate program, others don’t, allowing anyone with any area of expertise to enter as long as they meet the other qualifications .

One of these qualifications is often a passing score on a standardized graduate school entrance exam such as the GRE, GMAT, LSAT, or TOEFL.

A master’s degree mostly involves coursework with one to two semesters dedicated to research for a thesis and/or capstone project. This thesis or project (or combination of both) is a requirement for graduation and must be approved by and presented to the program faculty (called a defense).

While the student is working on this research, they’re usually taking classes as well.

A master’s degree can prepare you for almost any career. You can find people with master’s degrees in virtually any industry, and you can find a master’s degree program for a wide variety of interests.

Some people choose to pursue their master’s in order to build a more advanced and/or specialized knowledge base in their field or to open up opportunities in an entirely different field than they’d originally been working in.

What Is a Ph.D.?

A Ph.D. is a doctoral degree that many people pursue when they want to work in research or academia. It’s the highest degree someone can obtain.

A Ph.D. takes three to seven years to obtain. Usually, though, it takes closer to five to seven years to obtain a Ph.D. The length of time it takes you to finish a doctorate program will depend on the particular program, how much time you have to spend on classes and research, and how long your dissertation takes to research and complete.

A Ph.D. usually requires a master’s degree. Usually, your master’s degree has to be at least somewhat related to the Ph.D. program you’re trying to enter so that you have a solid knowledge base going into your research.

However, many programs combine their master’s degree and Ph.D. programs so you can start right out of undergrad and get it all done in one place. Sometimes these programs even take less time since they often require less research than two separate programs would.

A Ph.D. involves some coursework but mostly focuses on research for a dissertation. Generally, Ph.D. students spend just a few years on coursework and focus the majority of their time conducting research and writing their dissertations.

This is because their research generally has to be more original than many graduate program projects are and often requires them to obtain their own funding, which can take time.

In addition to a dissertation, Ph.D. students also may have to pass a comprehensive exam before they can graduate.

A Ph.D. can prepare you for a career in research and/or academia. If you want to continue conducting research in your field for a company or a university, or if you want to become a university professor , you’ll need a Ph.D.

As a result, many people obtain their Ph.D.s if they are interested in either of those options, even if they end up working in a regular job as part of their career as well.

Master’s Vs. Ph.D. FAQ

Can you get a Ph.D. without a master’s?

Yes, you can get a Ph.D. without a master’s. Many Ph.D. programs in the U.S. will accept students who have only earned their bachelor’s degrees. However, usually, this means that the Ph.D. program is a little longer than it would be otherwise, as it also includes the master’s degree requirements.

Many students still prefer this route if they know they want to get a Ph.D., as it often still ends up being shorter than it would be to obtain their master’s degree and then a separate Ph.D. You should only take this route if you’re very sure that you want to get your Ph.D., though, as it requires a significant amount of time and money.

Is a Ph.D. above a master’s?

Yes, a Ph.D. is above a master’s. A Ph.D. is the highest level of academic study, and a master’s degree is the second highest. Both are higher than a bachelor’s degree.

There are some master’s degrees, however, that are terminal degrees, which means there isn’t a higher degree than a master’s degree in that area of study. One example of this is a Master of Fine Arts (MFA). Because it’s a terminal degree, it’s considered similar to a Ph.D. in that field.

This is because a Ph.D. is a terminal degree in other fields of study and designates someone who has obtained the highest level of education possible in that field.

What are the four types of degrees?

The four types of degrees are associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral. An associate ’s degree typically takes about two years to earn and focuses on general education with a few specialized classes. These degrees are designed to prepare graduates to enter the workforce.

A bachelor’s degree usually takes about four years to complete and includes both general education and about two years of classes in the student’s chosen field. Typically, bachelor’s degree holders are eligible for careers in virtually any area, as well as many managerial and mid-level positions.

A master’s degree typically takes about two years to complete and includes both classwork and research in the student’s chosen field of study. Many students earn their master’s degrees because they want to take on an administrative or managerial role in the future.

A doctoral degree (which includes Ph.D.s) is a terminal degree for most fields, which means it’s the highest degree someone can obtain in that area. These degrees take between three and seven years to earn, and they focus mainly on research, although they have some classwork as well.

People who want to conduct research or work in academia often earn their doctoral degrees.

How useful was this post?

Click on a star to rate it!

Average rating / 5. Vote count:

No votes so far! Be the first to rate this post.

' src=

Abby is a writer who is passionate about the power of story. Whether it’s communicating complicated topics in a clear way or helping readers connect with another person or place from the comfort of their couch. Abby attended Oral Roberts University in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where she earned a degree in writing with concentrations in journalism and business.

Recent Job Searches

  • Registered Nurse Jobs Resume Location
  • Truck Driver Jobs Resume Location
  • Call Center Representative Jobs Resume Location
  • Customer Service Representative Jobs Resume
  • Delivery Driver Jobs Resume Location
  • Warehouse Worker Jobs Resume Location
  • Account Executive Jobs Resume Location
  • Sales Associate Jobs Resume Location
  • Licensed Practical Nurse Jobs Resume Location
  • Company Driver Jobs Resume

Related posts

phd and masters difference

1099 Vs. W-9 Tax Forms: What’s The Difference?

phd and masters difference

High School Diploma Vs. GED: What’s The Difference?

phd and masters difference

Private College Vs. Public College: What’s The Difference?

Public Speaking Classes: Introduction to Public Speaking

Public Speaking Classes: Introduction to Public Speaking

  • Career Advice >
  • Education >
  • Masters Vs Phd

Ask Any Difference

Masters vs PhD: Difference and Comparison

The education system of any country consists of several levels of study. A student tries to pursue education in a particular course, and they follow various levels of degrees in their academic years.

Each degree level consists of a specific amount of time required to complete the respective degree of a particular course.

Each degree of education is completed after a certain number of studies. Each degree has a different level of difficulty. Two of those degrees are 1. Masters degree, and 2. PhD degree.

Key Takeaways A Master’s degree focuses on acquiring advanced knowledge in a specific field, while a PhD emphasizes original research and the creation of new knowledge. Masters programs take 1-2 years to complete, whereas PhD programs can take 4-6 years or more. A Master’s degree is a prerequisite for pursuing a PhD, but the latter leads to more specialized career opportunities and the potential for higher-paying positions.

Masters vs PhD

Master’s degrees are graduate-level academic degrees awarded by universities or colleges, requiring coursework, research projects, and a thesis or exam. PhD degrees are the highest level of academic degree awarded by universities or colleges, requiring several years of coursework, research, and dissertation completion.

Masters vs PhD

A master’s degree is a degree that a college or institution offers after a student completes their bachelor’s degree. Whenever students opt for a particular course, they get to study it at different levels and difficulty levels.

Similar Reads

  • Certificate vs Masters: Difference and Comparison
  • PhD vs Doctorate: Difference and Comparison
  • DNP vs PhD: Difference and Comparison
  • Ed.D vs PhD.: Difference and Comparison
  • a ThD vs a PhD: Difference and Comparison

During a master’s degree, they get to study their respective courses even more profound, and the complexity of the system is more than it was during the bachelor’s degree.

A PhD degree is a course’s most challenging level of degree. During a PhD degree, one gets to study their course even more profoundly, and one can also research a topic that interests them that is relevant to their practice.

In many countries, a PhD degree is considered the highest level of degree that one can achieve in their academic course.

Comparison Table

What is masters’s degree.

A master’s degree is a degree that is offered after a student completes their bachelor’s degree and before their PhD or doctorate.

An individual pursuing a master’s degree gets to study their subjects from their particular course in detail and even in a more profound manner.

A master’s degree consists of both theoretical as well as applied subjects. One must understand the theory of a particular topic and perform practical regarding the idea .

The evaluation done during a master’s degree is more detailed, and the analysis that is supposed to be done of a specific subject is more than the analysis that is done during a bachelor’s degree.

Whenever an individual completes their master’s degree, he is titled as the master of the course they are studying or have learned.

Various degrees that consist of both research and theory are science and arts. Different kind of material is taught in both of these courses.

Different countries have different course structures for their master’s programs. In countries like the United States of In America and Canada, the duration of a master’s degree is two years.

In countries like India , the duration of a master’s degree is three years. In the United Kingdom, there are part-time master’s degrees and full-time master’s degrees.

A full-time master’s degree takes one to two years. On the other hand, a part-time master’s degree takes two to four years to complete.

masters

What is a PhD?

“The PhD degree is one of the highest degrees of education an individual can study in their respective course. It is the short form of the”Doctor of Philosophy”. “The PhD degree is one of the highest degrees of education that an individual can study in their respective course. It is the short form of the “Doctor of Philosophy”.

A person can work in a specific field after completing their PhD degree, and they can also select the specialization over time.

The amount of research and studies required while pursuing a PhD degree is much more than the amount of research and studies required while pursuing a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree.

In many countries, it is considered the highest degree of education that one can pursue in their particular course. They also think that the person is eligible and capable of teaching the same subject in a college and university.

Some countries accept the coursework that students complete before their PhD degree. Some countries require a portfolio where students must mention their published papers.

During the PhD degree, a student must study and research their subject.

There are distance-learning PhD programs offered by many colleges for students who are not able to attend college physically.

Other than that, a PhD degree includes an oral exam where students must present themselves and their thesis to the panel of examiners.

However, many countries have a rule that a student must complete their bachelor’s degree and their master’s degree to opt for a PhD degree.

phd

Main Differences Between Masters and PhD

  • A master’s degree is completed before a PhD degree. On the other hand, the PhD degree is completed after the master’s degree.
  • To pursue a master’s degree, one must complete their bachelor’s degree. On the other hand, to complete their PhD degree, one must complete their bachelor’s degree and master’s degree.
  • A master’s degree holder gets comparatively fewer salary packages. On the other hand, the PhD degree holder gets more salary packages as they are experts of the subject and course that they have studied.
  • A master’s degree takes less time for complete. On the other hand, a PhD degree takes more time to complete.
  • A master’s degree has comparatively lesser studies. On the other hand, a PhD degree has comparatively more studies.
  • Financing a master’s degree is comparatively less. On the other hand, financing a PhD degree is comparatively more.
  • In most countries, it takes two to three years to complete a master’s degree. On the other hand, in most countries, it takes three to four years to complete a PhD degree.
  • The value of a master’s degree is comparatively less. On the other hand, the value of a PhD degree is comparatively more.
  • A master’s degree is closely related to career and ambitions. On the other hand, a PhD degree is closely related to the teaching profession .

Difference Between Masters and PhD

  • https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02602938.2011.638738
  • https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01421590802366129

Last Updated : 13 July, 2023

dot 1

I’ve put so much effort writing this blog post to provide value to you. It’ll be very helpful for me, if you consider sharing it on social media or with your friends/family. SHARING IS ♥️

Emma Smith 200x200 1

Emma Smith holds an MA degree in English from Irvine Valley College. She has been a Journalist since 2002, writing articles on the English language, Sports, and Law. Read more about me on her bio page .

Share this post!

9 thoughts on “masters vs phd: difference and comparison”.

This article doesn’t cover much that is useful for me.

This article provides a clear contrast between Master’s and PhD degrees. I didn’t know very much about the topic before reading this, but now I feel quite informed.

I agree with you, although there’s still much more to learn about the subject. I suggest further reading on the topics mentioned in the article.

This article doesn’t provide new insights on the topic.

This article is very informative and provides a thorough comparison of the two degrees.

The comparisons between a Masters and a PhD are presented very clearly in this article. This article seems very useful for someone who is considering pursuing further education.

I believe so too. It’s definitely a good starting point for someone considering the path to further education.

The article does a great job explaining the key differences between getting a Masters and a PhD. It’s very informative.

I think the article is really insightful, and the key takeaways help to understand the core differences between a Master’s degree and a PhD. It could be quite helpful to people who don’t have much knowledge about them.

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Want to save this article for later? Click the heart in the bottom right corner to save to your own articles box!

phd and masters difference

Top Streams

  • Data Science Courses in USA
  • Business Analytics Courses in USA
  • Engineering Courses in USA
  • Tax Courses in USA
  • Healthcare Courses in USA
  • Language Courses in USA
  • Insurance Courses in USA
  • Digital Marketing Courses in USA

Top Specialization

  • Masters in Data Analytics in USA
  • Masters in Mechanical Engineering in USA
  • Masters in Supply Chain Management in USA
  • Masters in Computer Science in USA
  • MBA in Finance in USA
  • Masters in Architecture in USA

Top Universities

  • Cornell University
  • Yale University
  • Princeton University
  • University of California Los Angeles
  • University of Harvard
  • Stanford University
  • Arizona State University
  • Northeastern University
  • Project Management Courses in Australia
  • Accounting Courses in Australia
  • Medical Courses in Australia
  • Psychology Courses in Australia
  • Interior Designing Courses in Australia
  • Pharmacy Courses in Australia
  • Social Work Courses in Australia
  • MBA in Australia
  • Masters in Education in Australia
  • Masters in Pharmacy in Australia
  • Masters in Information Technology in Australia
  • BBA in Australia
  • Masters in Teaching in Australia
  • Masters in Psychology in Australia
  • University of Melbourne
  • Deakin University
  • Carnegie Mellon University
  • Monash University
  • University of Sydney
  • University of Queensland
  • RMIT University
  • Macquarie University
  • Data Science Courses in Canada
  • Business Management Courses in Canada
  • Supply Chain Management Courses in Canada
  • Project Management Courses in Canada
  • Business Analytics Courses in Canada
  • Hotel Management Courses in Canada
  • MBA in Canada
  • MS in Canada
  • Masters in Computer Science in Canada
  • Masters in Management in Canada
  • Masters in Psychology in Canada
  • Masters in Education in Canada
  • MBA in Finance in Canada
  • Masters in Business Analytics in Canada
  • University of Toronto
  • University of British Columbia
  • McGill University
  • University of Alberta
  • York University
  • University of Calgary
  • Algoma University
  • University Canada West
  • Project Management Courses in UK
  • Data Science Courses in UK
  • Public Health Courses in UK
  • Digital Marketing Courses in UK
  • Hotel Management Courses in UK
  • Nursing Courses in UK
  • Medicine Courses in UK
  • Interior Designing Courses in UK
  • Masters in Computer Science in UK
  • Masters in Psychology in UK
  • MBA in Finance in UK
  • MBA in Healthcare Management in UK
  • Masters in Education in UK
  • Masters in Marketing in UK
  • MBA in HR in UK
  • University of Oxford
  • University of Cambridge
  • Coventry University
  • University of East London
  • University of Hertfordshire
  • University of Birmingham
  • Imperial College London
  • University of Glasgow

Top Resources

  • Universities in Germany
  • Study in Germany
  • Masters in Germany
  • Courses in Germany
  • Bachelors in Germany
  • Germany Job Seeker Visa
  • Cost of Living in Germany
  • Best Universities in Germany

Top Courses

  • Masters in Data Science in Germany
  • MS in Computer Science in Germany
  • Marine Engineering in Germany
  • MS Courses in Germany
  • Masters in Psychology in Germany
  • Hotel Management Courses in Germany
  • Masters in Economics in Germany
  • Paramedical Courses in Germany
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
  • University of Bonn
  • University of Freiburg
  • University of Hamburg
  • University of Stuttgart
  • Saarland University
  • Mannheim University
  • MBA in Ireland
  • Phd in Ireland
  • Masters in Computer Science Ireland
  • Cyber Security in Ireland
  • Masters in Data Analytics Ireland
  • Ms in Data Science in Ireland
  • Pharmacy courses in ireland
  • Business Analytics Course in Ireland
  • Universities in Ireland
  • Study in Ireland
  • Masters in Ireland
  • Courses in Ireland
  • Bachelors in Ireland
  • Cost of Living in Ireland
  • Ireland Student Visa
  • Part Time Jobs in Ireland
  • Trinity College Dublin
  • University College Dublin
  • Dublin City University
  • University of Limerick
  • Dublin Business School
  • Maynooth University
  • University College Cork
  • National College of Ireland

Colleges & Courses

  • Masters in France
  • Phd in France
  • Study Medicine in France
  • Best Universities in Frankfurt
  • Best Architecture Colleges in France
  • ESIGELEC France
  • Study in France for Indian Students
  • Intakes in France
  • SOP for France Visa
  • Study in France from India
  • Reasons to Study in France
  • How to Settle in France

More About France

  • Cost of Living in France
  • France Study Visa
  • Cost of Living in Frankfurt
  • France Scholarship for Indian Students
  • Part Time Jobs in France
  • Stay Back in France After Masters

About Finland

  • Universities in Finland
  • Study in Finland
  • Courses in Finland
  • Bachelor Courses in Finland
  • Masters Courses in Finland
  • Cost of Living in Finland
  • MS in Finland
  • Average Fees in Finland Universities
  • PhD in Finland
  • Bachelor Degree in Medicine & Surgery
  • MBBS Courses in Georgia
  • MBBS Courses in Russia
  • Alte University
  • Caucasus University
  • Georgian National University SEU
  • David Tvildiani Medical University
  • Caspian International School Of Medicine
  • Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
  • Kyrgyz State Medical Academy
  • Cremeia Federal University
  • Bashkir State Medical University
  • Kursk State Medical University
  • Andijan State Medical Institute
  • IELTS Syllabus
  • IELTS Prepration
  • IELTS Eligibility
  • IELTS Test Format
  • IELTS Band Descriptors
  • IELTS Speaking test
  • IELTS Writing Task 1
  • IELTS score validity
  • IELTS Cue Card

IELTS Reading Answers Sample

  • Animal Camouflage
  • Types Of Societies
  • Australia Convict Colonies
  • A Spark A Flint
  • Emigration To The Us
  • The History Of Salt
  • Zoo Conservation Programmes
  • The Robots Are Coming
  • The Development Of Plastic

IELTS Speaking Cue Card Sample

  • Describe A Puzzle You Have Played
  • Describe A Long Walk You Ever Had
  • Describe Your Favourite Movie
  • Describe A Difficult Thing You did
  • Describe A Businessman You Admire
  • Memorable Day in My Life
  • Describe Your Dream House
  • Describe A Bag You Want to Own
  • Describe a Famous Athlete You Know
  • Aquatic Animal

IELTS Essay Sample Sample

  • Best Education System
  • IELTS Opinion Essay
  • Agree or Disagree Essay
  • Problem Solution Essays
  • Essay on Space Exploration
  • Essay On Historical Places
  • Essay Writing Samples
  • Tourism Essay
  • Global Warming Essay
  • GRE Exam Fees
  • GRE Exam Syllabus
  • GRE Exam Eligibility
  • Sections in GRE Exam
  • GRE Exam Benefits
  • GRE Exam Results
  • GRE Cutoff for US Universities
  • GRE Preparation
  • Send GRE scores to Universities

GRE Exam Study Material

  • GRE Verbal Preparation
  • GRE Study Material
  • GRE AWA Essays
  • GRE Sample Issue Essays
  • Stanford University GRE Cutoff
  • Harvard University GRE Cutoff
  • GRE Quantitative Reasoning
  • GRE Verbal Reasoning
  • GRE Reading Comprehension
  • Prepare for GRE in 2 months

Other Resources

  • Documents Required For Gre Exam
  • GRE Exam Duration
  • GRE at Home
  • GRE vs GMAT
  • Improve GRE Verbal Scores

Free GRE Ebooks

  • GRE Preparation Guide (Free PDF)
  • GRE Syllabus (Free PDF)
  • GMAT Eligibility
  • GMAT Syllabus
  • GMAT Exam Dates
  • GMAT Registration
  • GMAT Exam Fees
  • GMAT Sections
  • GMAT Purpose

GMAT Exam Study Material

  • How to prepare for GMAT?
  • GMAT Score Validity
  • GMAT Preparation Books
  • GMAT Preparation
  • GMAT Exam Duration
  • GMAT Score for Harvard
  • GMAT Reading Comprehension
  • GMAT Retake Strategy

Free GMAT Ebooks

  • GMAT Guide PDF
  • Download GMAT Syllabus PDF
  • TOEFL Exam Registration
  • TOEFL Exam Eligibility
  • TOEFL Exam Pattern
  • TOEFL Exam Preparation
  • TOEFL Exam Tips
  • TOEFL Exam Dates
  • Documents for TOEFL Exam
  • TOEFL Exam Fee

TOEFL Exam Study Material

  • TOEFL Preparation Books
  • TOEFL Speaking Section
  • TOEFL Score and Results
  • TOEFL Writing Section
  • TOEFL Reading Section
  • TOEFL Listening Section
  • TOEFL Vocabulary
  • Types of Essays in TOEFL

Free TOEFL Ebooks

  • TOEFL Exam Guide (Free PDF)
  • PTE Exam Dates
  • PTE Exam Syllabus
  • PTE Exam Eligibility Criteria
  • PTE Test Centers in India
  • PTE Exam Pattern
  • PTE Exam Fees
  • PTE Exam Duration
  • PTE Exam Registration

PTE Exam Study Material

  • PTE Exam Preparation
  • PTE Speaking Test
  • PTE Reading Test
  • PTE Listening Test
  • PTE Writing Test
  • PTE Essay Writing
  • PTE exam for Australia

Free PTE Ebooks

  • PTE Syllabus (Free PDF)
  • Duolingo Exam
  • Duolingo Test Eligibility
  • Duolingo Exam Pattern
  • Duolingo Exam Fees
  • Duolingo Test Validity
  • Duolingo Syllabus
  • Duolingo Preparation

Duolingo Exam Study Material

  • Duolingo Exam Dates
  • Duolingo Test Score
  • Duolingo Test Results
  • Duolingo Test Booking

Free Duolingo Ebooks

  • Duolingo Guide (Free PDF)
  • Duolingo Test Pattern (Free PDF)

NEET & MCAT Exam

  • NEET Study Material
  • NEET Preparation
  • MCAT Eligibility
  • MCAT Preparation

SAT & ACT Exam

  • ACT Eligibility
  • ACT Exam Dates
  • SAT Syllabus
  • SAT Exam Pattern
  • SAT Exam Eligibility

USMLE & OET Exam

  • USMLE Syllabus
  • USMLE Preparation
  • USMLE Step 1
  • OET Syllabus
  • OET Eligibility
  • OET Prepration

PLAB & LSAT Exam

  • PLAB Exam Syllabus
  • PLAB Exam Fees
  • LSAT Eligibility
  • LSAT Registration
  • TOEIC Result
  • Study Guide

Application Process

  • LOR for Masters
  • SOP Samples for MS
  • LOR for Phd
  • SOP for Internship
  • SOP for Phd
  • Check Visa Status
  • Motivation Letter Format
  • Motivation Letter for Internship
  • F1 Visa Documents Checklist

Career Prospects

  • Popular Courses after Bcom in Abroad
  • Part Time Jobs in Australia
  • Part Time Jobs in USA
  • Salary after MS in Germany
  • Salary after MBA in Canada
  • Average Salary in Singapore
  • Higher Studies after MBA in Abroad
  • Study in Canada after 12th

Trending Topics

  • Best Education System in World
  • Best Flying Schools in World
  • Top Free Education Countries
  • Best Countries to Migrate from India
  • 1 Year PG Diploma Courses in Canada
  • Canada Vs India
  • Germany Post Study Work Visa
  • Post Study Visa in USA
  • Data Science Vs Data Analytics
  • Public Vs Private Universities in Germany
  • Universities Vs Colleges
  • Difference Between GPA and CGPA
  • Undergraduate Vs Graduate
  • MBA in UK Vs MBA in USA
  • Degree Vs Diploma in Canada
  • IELTS vs TOEFL
  • Duolingo English Test vs. IELTS
  • Why Study in Canada
  • Cost of Living in Canada
  • Education System in Canada
  • SOP for Canada
  • Summer Intake in Canada
  • Spring Intake in Canada
  • Winter Intake in Canada
  • Accommodation in Canada for Students
  • Average Salary in Canada
  • Fully Funded Scholarships in Canada
  • Why Study in USA
  • Cost of Studying in USA
  • Spring Intake in USA
  • Winter Intake in USA
  • Summer Intake in USA
  • STEM Courses in USA
  • Scholarships for MS in USA
  • Acceptable Study Gap in USA
  • Interesting Facts about USA
  • Free USA course
  • Why Study in UK
  • Cost of Living in UK
  • Cost of Studying in UK
  • Education System in UK
  • Summer Intake in UK
  • Spring Intake in UK
  • Student Visa for UK
  • Accommodation in UK for Students
  • Scholarships in UK
  • Why Study in Germany
  • Cost of Studying in Germany
  • Education System in Germany
  • SOP for Germany
  • Summer Intake in Germany
  • Winter Intake in Germany
  • Study Visa for Germany
  • Accommodation in Germany for Students
  • Free Education in Germany

Country Guides

  • Study in UK
  • Study in Canada
  • Study in USA
  • Study in Australia
  • SOP Samples for Canada Student Visa
  • US F1 Visa Guide for Aspirants

Exams Guides

  • Duolingo Test Pattern

Recommended Reads

  • Fully Funded Masters Guide
  • SOP Samples For Australia
  • Scholarships for Canada
  • Data Science Guide
  • SOP for MS in Computer Science
  • Study Abroad Exams
  • Alumni Connect
  • Booster Program
  • Scholarship

GPA CALCULATOR Convert percentage marks to GPA effortlessly with our calculator!

Expense calculator plan your study abroad expenses with our comprehensive calculator, ielts band calculator estimate your ielts band score with our accurate calculator, education loan calculator discover your eligible loan amount limit with our education calculator, university partner explore growth and opportunities with our university partnership, accommodation discover your perfect study abroad accommodation here, experience-center discover our offline centers for a personalized experience, our offices visit us for expert study abroad counseling..

  • 18002102030
  • Study Abroad

PhD vs Master’s: What You Need to Know

Updated on 15 march, 2024.

Kanika Pruthi

Kanika Pruthi

Sr. content writer & study abroad expert.

Kanika Pruthi

The PhD vs Masters   question bugs many young aspirants with bachelor’s degrees. Now that you have an undergraduate qualification, which is the best option out of the two? It may get confusing, since some PhD programs accept students with bachelor’s degrees. Alternatively, many students first complete master’s courses before applying for PhDs.

Table of Contents

  • PhD vs Master’s Courses- Highlights

PhD vs Master’s - Content and Coursework

  • PhD vs Masters - Cost

PhD vs Masters - Application Process

Phd vs masters - eligibility criteria, phd vs masters - career prospects.

Here is a guide to the core differences and how they align with your career/academic objectives. 

PhD vs Master’s Courses- Highlights 

Here are some key-highlights worth mentioning with regard to the differences between PhD and master’s programs. 

Here are some core differences between master’s and PhD programs in this category. 

Master’s Programs- 

  • Some types of degrees include MA, MFA, MSc, MRes, MM, MBA, MPA, MPH, MSW, MArch, MEng, and MEd.
  • These degrees offer qualifications that certify expertise and knowledge at a higher level in any chosen discipline. 
  • Every master’s program has its own courses required for graduation. 
  • Master’s programs also have elective courses that students may choose as per their interests. 
  • These courses may require a thesis if they are research-based. At the end of such courses, students have to undertake research on any specific topic and write a thesis that showcases their findings. 
  • Examinations are required for graduating. 

PhD Programs- 

  • Doctoral or PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees are offered. 
  • These are research degrees, where students undertake research work on any aspect and then transform the same into a dissertation or thesis at the conclusion of the course. 
  • This has to be presented to an expert panel where students may defend their findings and answer questions. 
  • PhD programs involve coursework required by the university. 
  • Outside coursework, students have to do research independently after choosing a topic with their advisors. 
  • Doctorate programs usually include examinations for testing the knowledge of students. 
  • A dissertation has to be written about the findings of research projects and presented to a committee. 

PhD vs Masters - Cost 

Master’s program costs may vary across universities, depending on the location and subject. However, they are more affordable than PhD programs which require more time to complete and require a mix of both coursework and independent research. However, some PhD programs may offer stipends for researchers which may help cover tuition costs and living expenditure. On average, master’s courses may require anywhere around $20,000-45,000 per year. PhD programs, on the other hand, may require anywhere between $28,000-55,000 per year. 

The application process varies for master’s programs. You have to apply mostly on the official websites of universities by filling up the requisite forms and submitting documents like your educational transcripts, recommendations and references (if required), proof of funds, English language proficiency (if required), and so on. For PhD programs, you have to apply online at the websites of universities after selecting your area of research and contacting potential supervisors. You should also submit your application after checking the funding options that are available. 

The eligibility criteria for both master’s and PhD programs vary across universities. However, here are some of the general criteria for both. 

Master’s Courses: 

  • Bachelor’s degree or international equivalent. 
  • English language proficiency 
  • GRE/GMAT scores if required 

PhD Courses: 

  • Statement of Purpose
  • Letters of Recommendation 
  • College and University Transcripts

Here’s taking a closer look at the career prospects offered by both these courses. 

Here are some jobs after PhD degrees with their average annual salaries according to Payscale. 

Here are some jobs after master’s degrees with their average annual salaries according to Payscale. 

As you can see, there are several intrinsic differences between master’s programs and PhD courses. You should evaluate the pros and cons of both these degrees for your chosen career pathway and then finalize your decision. 

Explore More:

  • Phd in Singapore for Indian Students
  • Stanford University Masters Courses
  • Universities in USA for Masters
  • Top Universities in Scotland for Masters Program
  • Masters in Sweden
  • Fully Funded PhD Programs in USA
  • Fully Funded PhD in UK for International Students

Is it better to have a master’s degree or PhD?

PhD qualifications are the highest in any particular field. It may have a higher impact than a master’s course, which of course, has more impact in comparison to bachelor’s degrees. In some cases, master’s degrees are enough to build careers in various job-oriented roles, while PhD qualifications are a must for academics, research, and teaching in many cases. 

Is a master’s course harder than a PhD?

The difficulty levels may vary, depending on the subject chosen for a master’s course and the topic of research for a PhD program. In many cases, PhDs may seem harder due to the longer time and extensive research work required. 

Can I do a PhD without a master’s degree?

While most students apply for PhD programs after completing their master’s degrees, there are some PhDs which admit those with undergraduate degrees. It all depends on your chosen academic or professional pathway, understanding of the discipline, knowledge, experience, and various other factors.

Kanika has 5+ years of experience as a writer and content developer. She has written for a wide range of industry verticals, including hospitality, restaurants, non-profits, finance, IT, HR, technology, payroll, and education. She has worked as a creator for a few leading companies and has also helped brands grow through her creative writing.

Exams to Study Abroad

Top study abroad destinations, important resources, get free consultation for study abroad, similar articles.

School vs College vs University in UK: What's the Difference

School vs College vs University in UK: What's the Difference

phd and masters difference

Advanced Credentials to Advance Your Career

Achieve more with a northeastern graduate education., it’s experience that makes the difference..

A graduate education can help improve your career opportunities, increase your salary potential, and grow your professional network. A Northeastern graduate education provides that too—and then some. At Northeastern, our graduate certificate, master’s degree, and doctoral programs enable you to gain hands-on experience, develop the skills required to keep pace with ever-evolving workforce needs, and learn on a schedule that’s flexible to the career and life you have today.

Stay Ahead of Industry Change

Industry change has made it more important than ever for professionals to upskill. It’s why we deliver graduate certificates, master’s degrees, and doctoral programs across multiple learning channels and formats, to make it easier for you to gain the knowledge you need to stay relevant and competitive. Northeastern’s graduate campuses in  Charlotte ,  Seattle ,  Silicon Valley , and  Toronto  further reinforce this by offering graduate programs that are aligned with the evolving workforce needs of each region.

Real-World Learning from Real-World Experts

Northeastern’s graduate education is fueled by experiential learning, which combines academic scholarship with professional practice. Students learn from industry-leading faculty and apply that knowledge in real-world settings. They seek solutions to global and societal challenges in our world-class research facilities, partner with employers on short-term projects, and immerse themselves in different work settings through full-time co-op opportunities.

An Education That Meets You Where You Are

Our online master’s degree, graduate certificate, and doctoral programs allow you to tailor your graduate education to your schedule. Engage and network through discussion boards with students from around the world who have varied, global perspectives, and develop fluency in leading web collaboration tools—a highly valued professional skill.

At Northeastern, the World Is Your Campus

Whether you’re interested in earning a graduate certificate, master’s degree, or doctorate, you will be connected to a powerful network of more than 230,000 alumni and 3,000-plus employer partners who span 150 countries and five regional campuses. Discover where a Northeastern graduate education can take you.

Silicon Valley

RIT graduate pursues Ph.D. across time zones

'Nastaran Nagshineh is shown with other faculty in a small room where she defended her thesis.'

Nastaran Nagshineh, center, defended her Ph.D. thesis at RIT in April. Faculty from RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses served on her thesis committee and include, from left to right, Kathleen Lamkin-Kennard, Steven Weinstein, Nathaniel Barlow, and David Kofke (a professor at the University at Buffalo). Mohamed Samaha participated remotely and appears on the video screen behind the group and alongside Nagshineh’s picture.

Nastaran Nagshineh is one of the first Ph.D. candidates to bridge RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses. Her accomplishment creates a path for future students at the university’s international campuses.

Nagshineh completed her Ph.D. in mathematical modeling while working full time as a mathematics lecturer at RIT Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, teaching as many as five classes a semester. She described her Ph.D. journey as “an exercise in perseverance” due to competing demands and long days. Rochester is eight hours behind Dubai, and the time difference meant many late-night classes and meetings.

“I saw this collaboration as an opportunity, rather than as a challenge, because my primary adviser, Dr. Steven Weinstein (RIT professor of chemical engineering), and my co-adviser, Dr. Mohamed Samaha (RIT Dubai associate professor of mechanical engineering), both have the same area of research interest,” she said. “They both worked toward my success.”

Nagshineh is one of 67 RIT Ph.D. students who defended their thesis this academic year and who will earn their doctorate. RIT awarded 63 Ph.D. degrees in 2023.

In 2020-2021, RIT’s Graduate School met and surpassed the university’s goal of conferring 50 Ph.D. degrees during an academic year. That number will continue to grow as students cycle through the seven new Ph.D. programs that RIT has added since 2017, said Diane Slusarski , dean of RIT’s Graduate School.

Meeting these goals puts RIT on a path toward achieving an “R1,” or research-intensive designation, from the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Learning. RIT is currently ranked as an R2 institution . Many factors go into changing a university’s status, including research investment and maintaining a three-year average of 70 Ph.D. degrees awarded per year, according to Slusarski.

“We have met the goals of the strategic plan, and now we look forward to contributing to the research innovation in the future,” Slusarski said. “We want to help the new programs thrive and win national research awards.”

RIT’s emphasis on high-level research is seen in Nagshineh’s Ph.D. work. She applies mathematical modeling to the field of fluid dynamics. Her research has been published in top-tier journals and has gained notice, said Weinstein, her thesis adviser.

Weinstein describes Nagshineh’s accomplishments as “a testament to a fantastic work ethic and commitment” and is inspirational to younger students at Rochester and Dubai.

“The collaboration between RIT Dubai/Rochester has continued,” he said. “Another paper was submitted a few weeks ago with Mohamed Samaha and Nate Barlow (RIT associate professor in the School of Mathematics and Statistics) as co-authors, as well as Cade Reinberger, a younger Ph.D. student in my research group.”

Mathematical modeling is one of RIT’s newer Ph.D. degree programs, and Nagshineh is among its earliest graduates. The program has doubled in size since it began accepting students in 2017, Slusarski said. This past fall, the mathematical modeling program had 35 students, with two graduating this year.

Altogether, RIT has 13 Ph.D. degree programs currently enrolling 438 students, with computing and information sciences accounting for the largest with 117 students. RIT’s other Ph.D. programs include astrophysical sciences and technology , biomedical and chemical engineering , business administration , color science , electrical and computer engineering, imaging science , mechanical and industrial engineering , microsystems engineering , and sustainability .

New programs in cognitive science and physics will launch in the fall.

The growth in RIT graduate education—with more than 3,000 master’s and doctoral students—reflects a demographic change in the student population, Slusarski said. “We have a higher percentage of women in the graduate programs than we have for RIT undergraduate programs.”

RIT’s graduate programs enroll 42 percent women, according to Christie Leone , assistant dean for the Graduate School.

Nagshineh, who also holds an MS in electrical engineering from RIT Dubai, welcomes her role as a mentor to other women students on both campuses.

“As a young woman in an Arabic country, the power of women is often underestimated and undervalued, and I hope to serve as a role model to female students, especially those that question their path,” Nagshineh said.

She plans to continue in her career as a professor and a researcher. “I would like to pursue a research program where I can advise my own students and teach them more deeply.”

Recommended News

May 10, 2024

'Five graduates stand next to each other in regalia in front of the Gordon Field House.'

Design icon Patricia Moore inspires RIT graduates to embrace change and forge paths of impact

While sharing insights from her own transformative journey, Patricia Moore, a distinguished designer and trailblazing alumna of the class of 1974, encouraged this year’s RIT graduates to embrace the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead and answer the call for change.

'Katrina Overby is shown in a banquet hall speaking to a member of the media.'

Bright Spot: Inspiration for young scholars   

WHAM-TV features Katrina Overby, assistant professor in the School of Communication, as its Bright Spot.

May 8, 2024

a red admiral butterfly, which is predominantly black with orange and white accents towards the wing tops, is shown close up resting on a white pole.

More than monarchs: Red admirals appear in Rochester with spring   

The Democrat and Chronicle talks to Kaitlin Stack Whitney, assistant professor in the Department of Science, Technology, and Society, about the early arrival and habits of the red admiral butterfly in Monroe County, highlighting its migration patterns, habitat range, and behavior.

May 7, 2024

a man stands next to a wall covered in comic book covers. On the right side of the wall there is a sign that says Kubert Lounge and Gallery.

Comics go to College

The comics collection at RIT is growing by leaps and bounds and the new Kubert Lounge and Gallery makes it a visible presence on campus. The interdisciplinary art form is right at home at RIT.

College of Biological Sciences

College of Biological Sciences

One cbs student’s mission to inspire and uplift the next generation of scientists.

Jessica Bolivar, a graduate student in the Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, uses microscopy to study how cells respond to stress in the lab of Christopher Fraser, a professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. (UC Davis / Sasha Bakhter)

  • by Liana Wait
  • May 09, 2024

Jessica Bolivar, a graduate student in the Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, knows firsthand the difference that one person’s mentorship can make. 

During her time at UC Davis, Bolivar has made it her mission to give back and inspire the next generation of scientists by balancing her research with a slew of community-uplifting and diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives.

“One person changed my whole career path,” Bolivar said. “That’s where my passion comes from with these initiatives—I just want to inspire the next generation of students.”

Jessica Bolivar, a graduate student in the Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, uses microscopy to study how cells respond to stress in the lab of Christopher Fraser, a professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. (UC Davis/Sasha Dmitriy Bakhter)

Her parents’ legacy 

Bolivar grew up in San Pablo, California in a large but close-knit family that taught her to prioritize community and education. She and her siblings were the first in their family to graduate college, and Bolivar says she was inspired to strive academically by her parents, particularly her father.

“My dad unfortunately wasn’t able to witness us graduate because he passed away, but he’s the reason I’m here—I do everything because my parents made sacrifices in order for me to go to school,” said Bolivar.

A winding path to research

“I got into science by accident,” Bolivar said. 

Bolivar with her father, who inspired her to strive academically. Bolivar and her siblings are first-generation college graduates, and she says she couldn’t have done it without her parents’ support and sacrifice. (Courtesy of Jessica Bolivar)

Bolivar always wanted to help people. As an undergraduate at San Francisco State University (SFSU), she aspired to become a medical doctor, but when her father got sick, she wasn’t able to maintain her grades. After graduating, she worked for several years in the Housing Department at her alma mater while taking courses to boost her GPA—all while l dreaming of med school. Then, a chance conversation convinced her to give research a try.

“It was my former cell biology professor who got me back into school,” Bolivar said. “He told me, you can help people in other ways—you can help people in research.”   

Bolivar went on to complete a master’s degree in cell and molecular biology at SFSU before moving to Davis, where she is currently pursuing her Ph.D. “I just fell in love with research,” she said.  “’It’s a journey where you’re exploring new territory.”

Cell imaging—a window into the cell’s stress response

In the BMCDB graduate group, Bolivar is investigating the molecular mechanisms that cells use to deal with stress in the lab of Christopher Fraser , a professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. In the predominately biochemistry-based lab, Bolivar is taking a different angle to examine cell stress—by drawing on her passion and experience with cell imaging.

“I love cell biology, I love imaging,” Bolivar said. “I just feel at peace when I can see something. It’s so fascinating to watch a process and then disrupt it and see what happens.”

Fraser, Bolivar’s advisor, says that her dedication to science and fostering an inclusive workplace culture have left a deep impression. 

“Within the laboratory, her creation of an innovative assay for real-time monitoring of the cellular stress response has revolutionized our comprehension of this intricate process,” Fraser said. “Beyond the laboratory, Jessica's altruistic efforts to champion underrepresented scientists at UC Davis serve as a beacon of inspiration.”

Giving back—DEIJ work at Davis

With the support and mentorship of Ben Montpetit , the Chair of the Biochemistry, Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology graduate group, Bolivar has used her time at Davis to give back in various ways.

“Jessica is a wonderful person who simply cares about everyone,” Montpetit said. “She has committed countless hours to building community here at UC Davis. Her efforts have created changes within BMCDB that impact how we operate, which will continue long after Jessica graduates and moves on from UC Davis.”

As the co-chair of outreach for the UC Davis Diversity, Equity, Inclusion Committee from 2020 to 2022, Bolivar traveled to California State Universities where she coordinated and spoke at colloquiums and workshops for undergraduate and master’s students.

Bolivar celebrated Black History Month with theirSTORY participants Chidera Alim and Wilsaan Joiner and fellow co-founders, Cuauhtemoc Gonzalez and Jasmine Esparza. Bolivar co-founded theirSTORY, a seminar series that celebrates underrepresented scientists, with fellow graduate students Gonzalez and Esparza. Left to right: Gonzalez, Bolivar, Alim, Joiner, Esparza. (Courtesy of Jessica Bolivar)

Along with graduate students, Jasmine Esparza and Cuauhtemoc Gonzalez, Bolivar co-founded theirSTORY in 2023, a seminar series that celebrates underrepresented scientists. The inspirational talks focus on the narratives and journeys of UC Davis faculty and staff with diverse identities and backgrounds.

“It’s important to hear from people who have already succeeded in these positions, and to learn about their journeys and identities,” said Bolivar. “I’m first generation, so I didn’t have mentors or family members that have already been in these positions.” 

Bolivar also co-founded  the California Emerging Scientist Workshop, a 5-day workshop that UC Davis premiered in August 2023 in partnership with the Advanced Imaging Center at HHMI Janelia. 

The workshop, which brought together 24 undergraduate and master’s students from diverse backgrounds and introduced them to the fundamentals of microscopy and analysis, was inspired by Bolivar’s own experience at a two-week microscopy workshop that she had attended at Janelia. “I just thought, wow, I wish I had this information when I was a younger career scientist,” Bolivar said.

Participants described the experience as a “gamechanger” that made them more comfortable as scientists, Bolivar said. “It was a lot of positivity.”

Bolivar co-founded the California Emerging Scientist Workshop, a 5-day workshop that introduces early-career researchers to the fundamentals of microscopy and analysis. The premiere workshop, whose participants are shown here, was conducted in August 2023 at UC Davis in partnership with the Advanced Imaging Center at HHMI Janelia. (Courtesy of Jessica Bolivar)

Aspiring to inspire

Bolivar, who is set to graduate this spring, is still exploring her immediate next steps but plans to continue promoting diversity and equity in science. Ultimately, she dreams of setting up a science camp for kids with disabilities. 

“I have a disability, and I think it’s really important that we promote equity,” said Bolivar. “Anywhere I can impact and inspire the next generation, that’s where I want to be.”

Media Resources

  • Liana Wait is a freelance science writer based in Philadelphia. She has a Ph.D. in ecology and evolutionary biology and specializes in writing about the life sciences.

Primary Category

Secondary categories.

Fair Play: How women athletes are making a difference where they live

DAVENPORT, Iowa (KWQC) - Streaming this week on Fair Play on KWQC TV6 News, we take you to three Midwest states and show you how women athletes are making a difference where they live.

We introduce you to The Iowa Graduate Athlete of the Year, to Minnesota to meet a softball coach who became the winningest head coach in NCAA division 2 history last year, and the Illinois to meet a cheerleader who is described as bringing light to the team.

Check it out right now, Fair Play, a digital show focusing on women athletes.

Copyright 2024 KWQC. All rights reserved.

The Hy-Vee at 3019 Rockingham Road in Davenport will permanently close at 6 p.m. June 23, a...

Rockingham Road Hy-Vee in Davenport closing

Students at Eugene Field Elementary School were kept safe during a school tour of the Rock...

Gun found inside holding cell at Rock Island Police Department during elementary school tour, release says

Moline police are asking for the public’s help identifying a child.

Moline police locate child’s family

A Cincinnati man says he can’t move into his new home because the former tenants won’t leave.

New homeowner says he can’t move in because former tenants won’t leave

Barge sinking after striking Fort Madison Bridge.

Fort Madison Bridge reopens after being struck by barge

Latest news.

Augustana College has now announced it's expanding its student-engagement initiative Augie...

Augustana expands student engagement initiative Augie Choice to sophomores

phd and masters difference

Man killed in shooting at Maple Ridge Apartments

phd and masters difference

Habitat for Humanity Quad Cities “Rock the Block” on Brown Street

Habitat for Humanity's "Rock the Block" event is a part of their central city repair program...

Habitat for Humanity Quad Cities "Rock the Block" on Brown Street

phd and masters difference

Rock Island Milan post office hosts 32nd Annual “Stamp out Hunger” Food Drive

UTA public health graduate focused on helping others

Thursday, May 09, 2024 • Neph Rivera : contact

Photo of UTA master

When Jessica Douglas first step foot on The University of Texas at Arlington campus, it marked a new beginning but with a familiar focus: helping people.

Douglas took a decade-long break to raise her children and train as a doula. But in 2019, she decided to return to school. On May 10, she will officially earn her Master of Public Health degree, crossing the stage with 5,700-plus Mavericks at Globe Life Field.

She’s also earned the prestigious Gerry C. Gunnin, Ph.D., Public Health Memorial Fellowship, considered the most competitive public health fellowship in Dallas-Fort Worth. Douglas will spend 10 weeks working for Texas Health Resources on a variety of community health initiatives.

“I always knew that at a certain point, I would go back to school and go into a profession that was patient-centered,” she said.

Douglas graduated from Houston Community College and then enrolled at the New Mexico College of Midwifery. While apprenticing with a midwife, she decided to take a break from her higher education goals to focus on her family. She had two children at that point and would eventually have two more. But she said she always knew school was still in her future when the time was right.

She originally applied to UTA’s nursing program, but then looked into public health and became hooked with helping people on a community-wide scale.

“I have tons of life experience, have lived through lots of things and have been on both the provider and patient sides,” she said. “The public health space just seems like the right place for me.”

The life experience that Douglas wants to bring to the field is filled with both tragedy and triumph. She had five miscarriages and a stillbirth; she also had two home births and two in a hospital. She wants to make sure moms like her have more positive experiences.

“The United States has not such a great track record with maternal health and outcomes; we’re pretty low across the board,” Douglas said. “There’s a lot of room for growth and change, and it’s what I’m comfortable with because it’s what my experience is in.”

She applied for the fellowship at the urging of Erin Carlson, clinical professor and founding director of UTA’s graduate public health programs. Douglas has worked with her as a UTA public health program assistant.

“Dr. Carlson was the reason I went into the graduate program,” Douglas said. “I was able to be a professional working alongside her instead of just studying under her. She is a great and knowledgeable mentor.”

Douglas said she finds herself looking back on her time as a Maverick, grateful for the support she received from her husband and the connections she made at UTA.

“I’ve made some really good relationships, and I’m excited to celebrate their accomplishments as well,” she said. “It’s not just about me. It’s about the people I’ve met along the way.”

IMAGES

  1. Masters Vs PhD: The Difference Between Masters & PhD/Doctorates 2023+

    phd and masters difference

  2. Masters vs PhD: Which is Right For You?

    phd and masters difference

  3. The Difference Between a Master's and PhD

    phd and masters difference

  4. Comparing Masters and Ph.D. Programs

    phd and masters difference

  5. Differences between Masters vs PhD

    phd and masters difference

  6. Difference Between Master's Degree and PhD: Everything You Need to Know

    phd and masters difference

VIDEO

  1. Master's vs. PhD: Navigating the Educational Landscape

  2. Choose the Right Masters Degree!

  3. Is PhD or Master's degree worthwhile?

  4. 3 Mental Unreal Worlds

  5. MiSoC

  6. Lab based vs office based PhDs

COMMENTS

  1. Master's vs PhD

    Learn how master's and PhD degrees differ in terms of time, structure, costs, salaries, and career prospects. Find out which degree is right for you based on your goals and interests.

  2. Masters vs PhD

    Learn the key differences between Masters and PhD degrees, including the academic experience, career paths and benefits of each. Find out if you need a Masters to do a PhD and why some people choose to do a Masters first.

  3. Master's vs PhD

    2. PhD: After earning a master's degree, the next step is a PhD, which entails both working and performing research at an institution. A PhD is an abbreviation for "Doctor of Philosophy.". It is the highest academic degree one can achieve. As such, it is a time-consuming pursuit that requires a lot of studying and research.

  4. Master's vs. Ph.D.: What's the Difference and Which One to Choose

    Ph.D.'s take a considerably longer time to complete than a master's, five to eight years on average, and they carry a rather high rate of noncompletion due to time and financial commitments. Many Ph.D. programs have stipends available, so it's important to inquire about that when researching a particular program.

  5. The Difference Between Masters and PhD Study

    The most obvious difference between a Masters and a PhD in terms of overarching course structure is length. Whereas a Masters is completed in 1-2 years, a PhD will usually take 3-4 years (if studied full-time) or 5-6 years (if studied part-time). 3-4 years may sound like a long time, but by the end of a PhD you'll not only researched, written ...

  6. Masters Vs PhD: The Difference Between Masters & PhD/Doctorates 2024+

    One of the key differences between undergraduate and graduate degrees, whether you pursue a masters or PhD, is the ability of graduate student to focus on a field and subject in which they are very interested. Plus, while a graduate degree may jumpstart your career, it is not perceived as mandatory as an undergraduate degree may be.

  7. PhD vs Master's Degree: What's the Difference?

    There are also differences between the structure of each program type. A master's degree program typically includes one to two years of classes with an internship or capstone project in the last year. A Ph.D. typically includes three to five years of classes, with two to three years of preparation for a dissertation.

  8. The Difference Between a Masters and a Doctorate

    Both graduate degrees offer a narrower educational focus than the undergraduate experience. The higher the degree, the longer it takes to earn and the more specialized is its focus. We're taking a closer look at the master's and doctorate degrees to highlight differences and help you determine which might be most useful to you.

  9. PhD vs. Master's: What's the Difference Between Them?

    Two of the most popular types of graduate degrees to pursue are a master's degree and a PhD. Understanding the difference between the two and the benefits each degree has can help you choose one that suits your career goals. In this article, we compare PhD vs. master's degrees, discuss the benefits of each, and answer some frequently asked ...

  10. Should I Pursue A Master's or A Ph.D.?

    How much time do you have to pursue a graduate degree? Master's degrees typically take two years to complete, while Ph.D. programs generally take five to seven years ( see Duke programs' time-to-degree ). That is a significant difference in commitment and opportunity costs. It might also play a key role in deciding which factors take higher ...

  11. Masters vs PhD: Which is Right For You?

    Key Differences Between a Masters and a PhD. Before we delve into the details of what factors to consider in your decision, here is a brief summary of the main differences between Masters and PhD programmes: Masters: Typically 1 year long (in the UK) You're part of a cohort with course mates studying the same things as you

  12. PhD vs master's degrees (Differences between them)

    A master's degree is more career-focused than a PhD. While most people who are completing a PhD do so to enhance their career prospects, master's degrees are generally regarded as being more career-focused out of the two degrees. This is because PhDs focus more on the subject of study and expand knowledge and research in the field.

  13. Master's vs. Doctoral or Ph.D.- What's the Difference?

    The Ph.D. is an abbreviation for "Doctor of Philosophy" and is the highest academic degree one can achieve. To enroll in a Ph.D., a master's degree is usually required, although some programs accept bachelor's degree holders. The program includes coursework, research courses, a comprehensive exam, and a dissertation.

  14. Master's vs PhD/Doctorate Degrees

    Difference Between Masters and PhD: An Overview. A master's degree is designed to teach you the knowledge and skills that you will need in your future profession. A PhD or doctorate degree, on the other hand, is designed to develop your critical thinking as well as your analytical and writing skills and is usually a years-long commitment to ...

  15. Masters vs PhD

    The most important difference between Masters and phd programs is the focus and the duration. A Master's degree is designed as an advanced study in a specific field following a bachelor's degree. It typically involves structured coursework, sometimes combined with research, resulting in a thesis or project. ...

  16. PhD vs. Master's Degree: What's the Difference?

    The most basic difference between a master's degree and a PhD is the amount of time it takes to complete your degree program. A master's degree can be completed in two years if you are attending school full-time, while a PhD can last anywhere between five and nine years. The time commitment directly correlates to the amount of work you will ...

  17. What Is the Difference Between a Master's Degree and a Ph.D.?

    Degree Length. Another significant difference between a master's degree and a Ph.D. program is the length of time they take to complete. Master's programs are much shorter and will typically take two years to complete. Some universities even offer accelerated programs that allow you to complete your master's degree within a single year.

  18. Master's Vs. Ph.D.: What's The Difference?

    Master's Degree. Ph.D. A master's degree takes about one to three years to obtain. A Ph.D. takes three to seven years to obtain. A master's degree requires a bachelor's degree. A Ph.D. usually requires a master's degree. A master's degree mostly involves coursework with one to two semesters dedicated to research for a thesis and/or ...

  19. Master's vs PhD: Key differences explained

    On paper, Master's programs tend to be cheaper than PhD programs. This difference is not surprising considering the shorter duration required to complete a Master's degree. However, there is usually more funding and financial aid available for PhD students in the form of fellowships, teaching assistantships, or grants.

  20. PhD vs. Master's Degree (Information to Help You Choose)

    A significant difference between a master's and PhD degree is that a PhD requires students to conduct original research that makes a significant contribution to their field. A master's degree generally requires coursework plus a thesis or capstone project, while a PhD involves mostly research. A doctorate also requires more coursework than a ...

  21. Masters vs PhD: Difference and Comparison

    A Master's degree focuses on acquiring advanced knowledge in a specific field, while a PhD emphasizes original research and the creation of new knowledge. Masters programs take 1-2 years to complete, whereas PhD programs can take 4-6 years or more. A Master's degree is a prerequisite for pursuing a PhD, but the latter leads to more ...

  22. What is the difference between a master's degree and a Ph.D.?

    A Master degree is usually just an additional year or two of education where you take more graduate level classes. What you learn is kind of up to you and in many cases it's just a resume builder. A Ph.D. is effectively an entry level job and it takes 5-7 years.

  23. PhD vs Master's: Key Differences, Costs, Career Prospects and More

    PhD vs Master's Courses- Highlights. Here are some key-highlights worth mentioning with regard to the differences between PhD and master's programs. Tuition fees may cross $100,000 for two-year full-time courses. They usually range between $20,000-45,000 per year. May exceed master's course costs ranging between $28,000 and $55,000 per year.

  24. Master of Engineering vs Master of Science

    What is the difference between the Master of Engineering and Master of Science degrees?There are several key differences including the degree curriculum, potential financial aid offerings, the skills and competencies gained, and career outcomes.. Curriculum Differences Between MEng and MS. A Master of Engineering (MEng) degree is a professional degree and consists primarily of coursework (with ...

  25. What's the Difference Between a Graduate and Undergraduate Degree Program?

    There are many types of graduate degrees. You might pursue a master's degree, such as a Master of Arts (MA), Science (MS), Education (MED), or Business Administration (MBA). Other graduate degrees include doctoral and professional degrees, such as Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Juris Doctor (JD) and Doctor of Medicine (MD).

  26. Advanced Credentials to Advance Your Career

    It's Experience That Makes the Difference. A graduate education can help improve your career opportunities, increase your salary potential, and grow your professional network. A Northeastern graduate education provides that too—and then some. ... Whether you're interested in earning a graduate certificate, master's degree, or doctorate ...

  27. RIT graduate pursues Ph.D. across time zones

    In 2020-2021, RIT's Graduate School met and surpassed the university's goal of conferring 50 Ph.D. degrees during an academic year. That number will continue to grow as students cycle through the seven new Ph.D. programs that RIT has added since 2017, said Diane Slusarski, dean of RIT's Graduate School.

  28. One CBS Student's Mission to Inspire and Uplift the Next Generation of

    Jessica Bolivar, a graduate student in the Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, knows firsthand the difference that one person's mentorship can make. During her time at UC Davis, Bolivar has made it her mission to give back and inspire the next generation of scientists by balancing her research with a slew of community-uplifting and diversity ...

  29. Fair Play: How women athletes are making a difference where they ...

    We introduce you to The Iowa Graduate Athlete of the Year, to Minnesota to meet a softball coach who became the winningest head coach in NCAA division 2 history last year, and the Illinois to meet ...

  30. UTA public health graduate focused on helping others

    She applied for the fellowship at the urging of Erin Carlson, clinical professor and founding director of UTA's graduate public health programs. Douglas has worked with her as a UTA public health program assistant. "Dr. Carlson was the reason I went into the graduate program," Douglas said.