bharathiyar essay in english pdf

Mahakavi Bharathiyar’s ( Subramania Bharati) Life and Contributions

Subramania Bharati, also known as Bharathiyar is a Tamil poet, writer, and freedom fighter amongst many things. A national icon, he is revered especially by those who have a love for literature and poetry. Still, his influence spreads far beyond his work, as he is also one of the most prominent nationalists in the South. Unfortunately, today there does not exist a large body of work concerning his life or his work relative to other freedom fighters, with some arguing that those in power are appropriating his image in recent times. This article aims to establish an overview of both his life and his achievements. Further, it looks into the themes present in his writing and the legacy he left behind.

Subramania Bharati: Life and Career

Chinnaswami Subramania Bharati was born in Ettayapuram, Tirunelveli district on December 11, 1822. His father, Chinnaswamy Iyer was an influential figure, a Tamil scholar employed under the Maharajah. When Bharathiyar was five years old his mother, Lakshmi Ammal, passed away – an event that very much shaped his dedication to the welfare of women throughout his life. He was a prodigy who started learning and creating from a young age, started writing poetry at the age of seven and would hold discussions about literature with elderly scholars. At the age of 11, he was conferred the title “Bharati” at the Ettayapuram Maharajah’s court. For a lot of his childhood he was homeschooled, and later attended the Hindu College High School in Tirunelveli.

At the tender age of 14, he was married to Chellamma, who was only seven years old. In his writing, Bharathiyar stated that he was against this child marriage but could not do anything to stop it. A year later, his father died, leaving him an orphan. From 1902 to 1904, Bharathiyar worked for the Maharajah. His tasks included reading newspapers, magazines, poetry and being the Maharajah’s companion. However, after a quarrel, he left his job citing his displeasure with the authoritative environment of the Samastana.

In 1904 he joined  Swadesamitran , a Tamil daily in Chennai as its sub-editor and remained associated with the newspaper till his death. In 1906 he also joined  Chakravartini , a Tamil monthly that focused on women’s issues. A year later, he quit both positions to join the Tamil weekly India as an unnamed editor, as they feared his writing was too radical and he might be targeted by the British if his name was attached. He continued to hold positions in various newspapers and magazines and in the meantime also attended various Congress meetings.

In 1908, after the imprisonment of the legal editor of  India , Bharathiyar fled British India and travelled to Pondicherry to avoid meeting the same fate. He spent ten years there, during which time he still continued writing. In 1918, he re-entered India through Cuddalore and for a short while was imprisoned. After his release, Bharathiyar rejoined  Swadesamitran . Right before that, he appealed to his friends to help him publish his huge collection of works, by providing him printing expenses for the same. However, none replied and he was forced to abandon the endeavour.

Bharathiyar: Involvement in Social Reform

Along with his reputation as a poet and freedom fighter, Bharathiyar was also a prominent social reformer. He was vocal against the caste system and consistently spoke about women’s issues. Sister Nivedita, a disciple of Vivekananda, played a big part in this. Their meeting occurred during one of his visits to Calcutta attend a Congress meeting. Their interactions greatly influenced his views regarding the upliftment of women, and he went on to dedicate a few of his works to her. Bharatiyar’s writing portrayed his views about women and his admiration of their strength. He wrote about how men enslave women with the threat of violence which they practised over those who did not obey and described a woman as “the civiliser and, therefore, the spiritual superior of man” (Sundara Rajan, 2017).

In his writings, Bharathiyar also spoke out against social issues such as child marriage despite being forced into one. He was born into a Brahmin family but it is said that he gave up his caste identity. He is known as an anti-caste figure by some in Tamil Nadu, has also explicitly spoken out against casteism and untouchability in his poetry. However, there are others who disagree as Bharatiyar was someone who advocated for reform in Hinduism and still believed in it, rather than dismantling the systems completely. One incident of his which is famously noted is that of when Bharathiyar performed the thread ceremony for a boy named Kanakalingam. This move was regarded as radical as the thread ceremony was reserved for certain castes and someone like Kanakalingam, regarded as an untouchable by caste society, was not allowed to take part. Bharatiyar insisted on this as he intended to showcase that everyone is equal in society.

When the time came for his elder daughter, Thangammal’s marriage, Bharathiyar insisted that rather than arranging a marriage for her, she be allowed to choose her groom herself, a stance unheard of in those times. However, after being pressurised by the rest of the family and others around him, he agreed to set up an arranged marriage.

Bharathiyar: Literary and Political Contributions

Despite Bharathiyar’s poems on nationalism forming only a small part of his work, they are his most well-known ones. He was known as “the people’s poet’, and his poems received praise for its nationalism that was never stifling, one that advocated freedom and liberation for all and did not promote jingoism or toxic nationalism. His vision of nationalism was one that was secular, against casteism and sexism, and pan-Indian. Apart from being a prolific writer and poet, he was a polyglot, fluent in Tamil, Hindi, Sanskrit, English and French.

Bharathiyar published his poems and writings in the newspapers and magazines he was a part of. However, they were frequently forbidden by the British and not allowed to be distributed, a significant reason for why he spent his life in poverty. His early poems dealt with the anguish of being repressed under foreign rule, themes such as  “the glory of the motherland and its current fallen state, colonial exploitation, tributes to nationalist leaders”.  However, this does not mean he neglected other topics as his writing also addressed the divides of caste, gender and class. Words such as “pudumai pen” (new woman), and “puratchi” (revolution) are just a small example of his immense contribution to the expansion of the Tamil language.

While in exile, his writing became more reflective, extending beyond current events and pondering upon bigger, more existential queries. He became known as the founding father of New Poetry in Tamil and was heralded as bringing about a renaissance in Tamil literature. Some of Bharathiyar’s most well-known works include Panchali sapatham  (1912),   Kuyil pāṭṭu  (1912) and  Kaṇṇan pāṭṭu  (1917). Bharathiyar was extremely well-read, and he wrote poems concerning issues from all around the world and experimented very much with both content and form. He wrote autobiographical poems, a poem about the fall of the tsar in Russia, poems about political leaders and describing conversations between them, nationalist poems, poems about social reform, a poem on Allah, etc. His extensive writing addressing various topics and issues relevant to his time earned him the title of ‘ Mahakavi’, which loosely translates to ‘Great Poet’.

Death and Legacy:

For most of his life, Bharathiyar and his family of two daughters and wife lived in poverty as he was unable to publish a lot of his writings, due to curtailment by the British government. In 1921, while attempting to feed a temple elephant, Bharathiyar was struck and injured. While in this weak condition, he also contracted an illness and the combination of both led him to pass away at the tender age of thirty-nine. He was survived by his wife and two daughters, all of whom went on to preserve and spread the reach of his work.

His wife, Chellamma began publishing his work soon after by appealing to the masses for help and then establishing a publishing house alongside her sibling named  Bharati Ashramam  in Madras. This publishing house, along with another one established by Bharathiyar’s relatives titled  Bharati Prachuralayam was able to publish most of his writing. In 1949, the government of Madras purchased the copyright for his works from them and six years later, the government of Tamil Nadu made it public. This decision led to anyone and everyone being able to publish and work with all of Bharathiyar’s writings for free.  His works achieved maximum popularity after his death.

While till date Bharathiyar is a household name in Tamil Nadu, he is little known outside the South. His works have been translated into multiple languages, and the government has conferred various honours upon him such as naming streets after his name, etc. There have been huge concerted efforts on the part of his friends and family – daughters, granddaughters, etc to keep his legacy alive by writing extensively about his life and work. However, many agree that on the whole Bharathiyar and his work was neglected on a national level.

Recently, there was furore on social media on the part of Tamilians regarding the announcement that the iconic image of Bharathiyar in his white turban has been modified, with his turban colour changed to saffron on the cover of textbooks. Tamil research scholars and writers  spoke out  about how Bharathiyar would have never agreed to the appropriation of his image in such a way, and that his ideals sharply contrasted against such a move. In 2017, his great-granddaughter also  wrote that  “Bharathiyar would not have hesitated to condemn these developments”, referring to the brand of toxic nationalism that has enveloped our country (Sundara Rajan, 2017). It is important for us to keep Bharathiyar’s memory alive by going through his works and spreading his ideals, and we must ensure that his legacy is not tarnished by misrepresentation of what he stood for.

Bharati, S. V. (2016, September 26).  The legacy continues . . . Mahakavi Subramania Bharati.  https://subramaniabharati.com/2014/06/05/the-legacy-continues-6/

Bharati, S. V. (n.d.).  Annotated Biography of Subramania Bharati . Mahakavi Subramania Bharati.  https://subramaniabharati.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/annotated-biography.pdf

Knowing Subramania bharati beyond his turban colour . (2019, June 6). Telegraph India.  https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/knowing-subramania-bharati-beyond-his-turban-colour/cid/1691909

Subramania bharati . (2019, December 7). Encyclopedia Britannica.  https://www.britannica.com/biography/Subramania-Bharati

Sundara Rajan, M. T. (2017, September 12).  Subramania bharati — The eternal revolutionary . The Hindu.  https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/subramania-bharati-the-eternal-revolutionary/article19670435.ece

Sundara Rajan, M. T. (2017, September 28).  Adorer of the feminine principle . The Hindu.  https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/bharatis-vision-of-woman-through-the-eyes-of-his-great-granddaughter/article19768311.ece

Venkatachalapathy, A. R. (2018, May 8).  Why Subramania bharati, icon of modern Tamil culture, remains little known to the rest of India . Firstpost.  https://www.firstpost.com/living/why-subramania-bharati-icon-of-modern-tamil-culture-remains-little-known-to-the-rest-of-india-4460461.html

Venkatachalapathy, A. R. (2019, August 23).  Sister Nivedita and her Tamil dedicator, the patriotic poet Subramania bharati . Telegraph India.  https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/sister-nivedita-and-her-tamil-dedicator-the-patriotic-poet-subramania-bharati/cid/1699583

Swati D is an undergraduate student at FLAME University, Pune, pursuing a literary and cultural Studies major and an open minor focused in sociology. Her interests include learning more about issues related to gender and sexuality and its intersections with various other vectors, and studying online spaces. She likes to unwind by watching cooking videos and reading (fan)fiction.

Short Essay on Subramania Bharati [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

Subramania Bharati was an eminent Tamil author. He is remembered for his great contributions to Tamil Literature. In this session today, you will learn how to write essays on the life of the great author Subramania Bharati that may be relevant for your upcoming exam.

Short Essay on Subramania Bharati in100 Words

Subramania Bharati was one of the greatest Tamil writers and poets of all time. He was born on 11 December 1882 in Tamil Nadu, India. He was fluent in many different languages but his favourite language was Tamil. Bharati was a court poet and also worked as a Tamil teacher for a short period of time. Later, he developed an interest in journalism and joined a Tamil daily as an assistant editor.

He was a gifted person and wrote on various revolutionary topics like the nationalist movements, the political state of the country, patriotism, the need for social reforms as well as spirituality. He translated Vedic literature, hymns and sutras to Tamil. He died on 12 September 1921, aged 38. Subramania Bharati will always be remembered as a great poet, writer, nationalist, freedom fighter, and social reformer. 

Short Essay on Subramania Bharati in 200 Words

Subramania Bharati was a great Tamil writer and poet. He was born on 11 December 1882 in the town of Etthyapuram in Tamil Nadu, India. He was fluent in many different languages, like Hindi, English, Telugu, French, and Sanskrit, but his favourite language was Tamil, his mother tongue. Bharati was the court poet of the Raja of Etthyapuram and also worked as a Tamil teacher for a short period of time. Later, he developed an interest in journalism and joined a Tamil daily as an assistant editor. 

Subramania Bharati was a gifted person and wrote on various topics like the nationalist movements, the political state of the country, the need for social reforms as well as spirituality. He wrote numerous patriotic poems, urging people to join the independence movements. The British tried their best to suppress him and many of his works were banned. However, this didn’t deter Bharati.

He escaped to the French-ruled Pondicherry and met many revolutionary leaders, including Mahatma Gandhi. He continued his work, writing revolutionary poems, translating Vedic literature, hymns, and sutras to Tamil. He died on 12 September 1921, aged just 38.

Subramania Bharati will always be remembered as one of the greatest Tamil poets, writers, nationalists, freedom fighters, and social reformers. 

Short Essay on Subramania Bharati in 400 Words

Subramania Bharati was one of the greatest Tamil writers, poets, and revolutionaries of all times. He was born on 11 December 1882 in the town of Etthyapuram in Tamil Nadu, India. He was fluent in many different languages, like Hindi, English, Telugu, French, and Sanskrit, but his favourite language was Tamil, his mother tongue.

The name ‘Bharati’ or ‘the one blessed by Goddess Saraswati’ was given to him by the Raja of Etthyapuram who was impressed by young Subramania’s poetic genius. He worked as the court poet of the Raja as well as a Tamil teacher for a short period of time. Later, he developed an interest in journalism and joined a Tamil daily as an assistant editor. 

Subramania Bharati was a gifted person and wrote on various topics like the nationalist movements, the political state of the country, the need for social reforms as well as spirituality. He attended several sessions of the Indian National Congress which focused on the boycott of British goods, swaraj, and swadeshi movement. He also met Sister Nivedita who influenced him to see women in a new light, as co-creators and not a gender inferior to men.

Bharati started editing several newspapers and regularly published poems urging people to join the independence movements and kindling the fire of patriotism within people. This led the British to ban his works and he had to escape to the French-ruled Pondicherry to save himself from being arrested. He continued his work, writing revolutionary poems, translating Vedic literature, hymns, and sutras to Tamil.

He also met several nationalist leaders during this time like Aurobindo and Lajpat Rai. Bharati was arrested by the British government when he entered India in 1918 but was released within a few months. The imprisonment had taken a toll on him and he was struck with poverty and ill health towards the end of his life. He died 12 September 1921, aged just 38. 

Subramania Bharati will always be remembered as one of the greatest Tamil poets, writers, nationalists, freedom fighters and social reformers. He was a pioneer of modern Tamil literature and used his poetry to express his revolutionary, reformist ideals. He saw all living beings as equals and voiced his opinions against the social evils, fighting against the oppressive caste system that existed in the Hindu society. Although he was religious, he strongly opposed false propaganda stories and twisted religious ideologies. Subramania Bharati was a great and wise man. 

The life of such an eminent person can not be completed within such a tight word limit. Still, I have tried my best to cover the important aspects of Subramania Bharati’s life in this session. Hopefully, you have now an overall idea about the context. If you still have any doubts regarding this session, let me know through some quick comments. For more such essays, please visit the categorized section of our website. 

To get the latest updates on our upcoming sessions, please join us on Telegram. Thanks for being with us. All the best.

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Chinnaswamy Subramania Bharathi (March 11, 1882 – March 11, 1921) was a poet, writer, journalist, freedom fighter and social reformer. He is also known as Bharatiyar and Mahakavi. Bharathi was a pioneer of modern Tamil poetry with an excellent knowledge of Tamil poetry and prose. He has written poems and articles on Tamil, Tamil welfare, Indian liberation, women’s liberation, caste denial and various religions. He nurtured a sense of liberation in the minds of the people through his writings. King Ettappa Nayakkar conferred the title of Bharati, also known as Mechi and Kalaimagal, on her poetry. Bharathiyar’s books were nationalized by the Tamil Nadu state government in 1949. Bharathiyar was the first patriotic writer in India.

Bharathi lived in a turning point in Indian history. Bala Gangadhar Tilak, U. Way. Saminathiyar, w. E. Chidambaram Pillai, Mahan Aravind and others were his contemporaries. He considered Vivekananda’s student sister Nivedita as his guru.

Biography Bharathiar was born on December 11, 1882 in Ettayapuram, then in the Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu (then Tirunelveli district) to Chinnaswamy Iyer and Ilkumi Ammal. Although his maiden name was Subramanian, he was called Subbaiah. In 1887 Ilkumi Ammal disappeared. So, Bharatiyar grew up with his grandmother Bhagirathi Ammal.

The poet expressed his fictional energy while still in school at the age of eleven. In 1897 he married Sellammala. He reached poverty in 1898 due to a loss of business. He informed the king of Ettayapuram about this and asked for financial assistance in the letter. Later he got a job at Ettayapuram Palace. Shortly afterwards, he quit his job and moved to Kasi. He stayed there from 1898 to 1902. Later Bharati was brought by the king of Edayapuram and lived in a palace. After seven years of songwriting, Bharathi’s song ‘Vivekapanu’ was published in 1904 in Madurai. Throughout his life he worked as a magazine editor at various times and as a Tamil editor at Sethupathi High School in Madurai.

Bharathi is fluent in Tamil, English, Hindi, Sanskrit and Bengali. He also translated other language literatures.

Bharatiyar monuments The Government of Tamil Nadu is honoring the house where he lived in Ettayapuram, the house where he lived in Tiruvallikeni, Chennai and the house where he lived in Pondicherry as memorials to the memory of Mahakavi Bharathiar. A polytechnic college for women and a Bharathi Mani Mandapam have been set up in Ettayapuram where she was born. A seven feet high statue of Bharati was erected in the central hall and inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Punjab Darbar Singh on 13-02-2000. There is also a photo exhibition on Bharati’s biography.

Death In January 1921, Tiruvallikeni fell ill after being attacked by an elephant at the Parthasarathy temple. A few days after he suffered from severe constipation. Then died September 12, 1921 at 01:30 AM. The house where he spent his last days is in Tiruvallikeni.

Source: Wikipedia

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PEOPLE's POET : MAHAKAVI BHARATHIAR

Aringnar Anna described Mahakavi Subramania Bharathiar as People's Poet and N.Nandhivarman decribed Bharathiar as Greatest Bard and both these articles are given here

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This paper aims to understand the life of Bhima Bhoi as a subaltern saint poet and studies his poems, his reformative teachings and their impact on the people. It also discusses some of the principal philosophical ideas in his poems. The paper argues that Bhima Bhoi as a poet of humble origin had social reform, simplicity and devotional undertones in his poetry and this is the reason why his poems were popular among the masses. It also analyses some features of his poems that contribute to this popularity.

Vidya Rawat

S. Chandramohan's poetry reflects the brilliance of his thought process and the rebel inside him. The seer diversity and variety of issues that he has taken up shows his concern for human values that transcends the boundaries of nation state, caste, class, gender and religion. In true sense only a humanist could do so. I had the privilege of close association with legendary Mulk Raj Anand, whose first novel 'Untouchable' with an introduction from E M Forster created ripples internationally and exposed the hidden caste hatred including the issue of manual scavenging prevalent in our society, even when I was just a village boy from Uttarakhand as he would pronounce, where I was fortunate to have met many laureate of Indian writings who took up the issue of the marginalized but very few coming from the communities. During the Mandal's war in 1990, we saw English language media was used as a tool to spread hatred against the Dalits and marginalized. They were mocked and there were absolutely negligible numbers of writers who could pose a counter cultural question to the brahmanically corrupted intellectual elite which looked secular in their mask yet uncomfortable to the core question of social justice but in the Mandal two, we saw the Dalit OBC students were writing their own blogs, had learnt to use social media strongly and numerous websites and journals emerged to counter the 'merit' propaganda unleashed by the 'devotees' of corporate culture in India who never ever saw 'wrong' in the corrupt practices by these in educational institutions in the name of 'donation'. In the following ten years after Mandal, we saw counter narratives taking bigger shapes. Alternative media grew with web portals like " countercurrents.org " providing space to the forces struggling against all forms of exploitation including brahmanical cultural subjugation and capitalist onslaught on socialism and state's accountability. Magazines like 'Forward Press' energized debates on Bahujan literature and enlightened us with stunning Bahujan cultural discourse with number of emerging young writers. With growing new young writers challenging the popular brahmanical discourse the contempt and assault on them is also visible throughout the country. But, the Rohith Vemulas in our universities have refused to play Eklavya today and therefore consciously proving that Ambedkarism and legacy of Dalit Bahujan consciousness, which refused to be part of brahmanical structure has finally arrived.

Dhananjay Vasudeo Dwivedi

Bijay Kant Dubey

JAYANTA MAHAPATRA: THE MAN AND THE POET is one of the monographs I wrote on the poet.

International Journal of English and Literature

Ananta G Uppal

O.P. Bhatnagar is an original poet expressing and asserting his originality of imagination, conception and treatment. He has also kept himself aloof from the dominant schools of poetry and attempts to function close to the centre of society without self-accusation and morbidity characteristic of modern poetry. While dealing with the complexity he tends to keep a delicate grasp of the world around him. His mission is to discover truth without self-indulgent esotericism. Above all, Bhatnagar is a true humanist who has been endeavoring all his life to ameliorate the status and raise the dignity of man in modern world dominated by the hawks and hyenas of politics. This paper iterates Bhatnagar's clarion call to modern Indo English poets to stop window dressing, environment reporting, and start bringing poetry within the reach of the common man. Keywords— Modern poetry, truth, humanity, politics, society. As the most authentic portrayer and interpreter of human life, as a champion of...

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• Bharathiyar Poems: A Celebration of Freedom

India's struggle for independence inspired countless individuals to fight for freedom and express their aspirations through various forms of art. One such luminary was Subramanya Bharathi, affectionately known as Bharathiyar. Renowned for his captivating poetry, Bharathiyar's verses continue to resonate with readers today, particularly his poignant works on freedom. In this article, we explore some of Bharathiyar's most powerful poems that encapsulate the spirit of liberation.

Poem 1: "Vandemataram"

Poem 2: "nallathor veenai seidhe", poem 3: "pudumai penn".

Vandemataram , meaning "I bow to thee, mother," is a poem that encapsulates the deep love and reverence Bharathiyar held for his homeland. It became an anthem for the freedom movement and a rallying cry for Indians seeking liberation from British rule. Here are a few lines from this iconic poem:

"Vandemataram, vandemataram, Bowing down to thee, mother, I call thee, mother!"

These lines evoke a sense of devotion and patriotism, expressing the poet's undying love for his motherland and his longing for freedom.

In the poem "Nallathor Veenai Seidhe" , Bharathiyar uses the metaphor of a veena, a traditional Indian musical instrument, to highlight the power of freedom. He compares the strings of the veena to the lives of individuals and emphasizes the need to pluck them with courage to create a harmonious society. Here is an excerpt from this remarkable poem:

"With a good veena, play melodies, Pluck the strings of life with courage, Create a land where all live in peace, Where love and equality never cease."

These verses beautifully convey Bharathiyar's aspiration for a society built on equality, justice, and fraternity.

In the poem "Pudumai Penn" , Bharathiyar celebrates the strength and resilience of women. He calls them the embodiment of freedom and acknowledges their vital role in the fight for independence. Here are a few lines from this empowering poem:

"Oh, the new woman, arise! You are the symbol of freedom, With you, liberation shines bright, You hold the power to make things right."

Bharathiyar's words acknowledge the crucial contribution of women in the struggle for freedom, emphasizing their ability to inspire change and bring about a brighter future.

Bharathiyar's poems on freedom reflect his passion, determination, and unwavering love for his country. Through his verses, he not only captured the essence of India's fight for independence but also provided a voice to the aspirations and dreams of countless individuals. The examples shared in this article are just a glimpse of Bharathiyar's mastery in expressing the longing for freedom. His poems continue to inspire and resonate with generations, serving as a reminder of the indomitable spirit of human liberty.

• Embracing the Beauty of Spring: Short Poems to Delight Your Senses
• Poems about Birthdays in Heaven: Celebrating the Eternal Bond

Entradas Relacionadas

Poems Celebrating the First Amendment: Giving Voice to Freedom

Poems About Living Free: Embracing Liberation Through Poetry

Poems about Freedom and Equality: Celebrating the Spirit of Liberation

Poems About Slavery and Freedom: Voices That Echo Through Time

Short Poems about Liberty: Celebrating Freedom in Verse

South African Poems about Freedom

• IAS Preparation
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• Subramania Bharati

Subramania Bharati [1882-1921]

Subramania Bharathiyar, also known as Subramania Bharati, was a Tamil author, poet, journalist, Indian independence activist, social reformer and polyglot born on the 11th of December 1882. Acting as the pioneer of modern Tamil poetry, Subramania Bharati was given the title of “Mahakavi Bharati”, which means the Great Poet Bharathi. The Tamil poet is best known for his works in the field of emancipation of women, standing against child marriage, reforming Brahminism and religion and his excellent literary works surrounding the idea of patriotism for India and the independence movement against the British Empire.

For candidates preparing for the UPSC exam , all the significant details about the life history of Subramania Bharati must be known by heart.

Candidates can get details about the Important Poets in Ancient Indian History at the linked article. This is an important topic from the perspective of UPSC Mains history and art and culture section.

Subramania Bharati Biography

Bharati was born to Brahmin parents Chinnaswami Subramania Iyer and Lakshmi Ammal in the village of Ettayapuram. He lost his mother at the age of five and his father at the age of 16. From a very young age, Bharathi was well versed in poetry and music and was well equipped with languages like Sanskrit, English, Hindi, Telugu, French and Arabic, which earned him the title of “Bharathi”, the one blessed by Devi Saraswati by the King of the Village at the age of 11. At age 15, Bharati got married to Chellamma and had two children. Finally, Subramania attended the MDT Hindu College in Tirunelveli.

During his lifetime, Bharati would work many jobs. Starting as the King’s court poet in his village in 1901, followed by the profession of a school teacher in 1904, he finally became a journalist in Swadesamitran, a Tamil Daily, in 1904. In 1906, he also started working for Tamil weekly India and the English newspaper Bala Bharatham.

Also, read about the Birth of Subramanya Bharathi – [December 11, 1882]

Fight against the British Empire

To escape his arrest, Bharati fled to the French ruled Pondicherry. While there, Bharati edited and published the weekly Journal India and Vijaya, which the British banned to suppress his nationalist outputs.

and CP Ramaswamy Aiyar.

The Death of the Writer

After his imprisonment in 1920, Bharati was left poverty-stricken, which took a massive toll on his health. He was struggling to feed himself and grew weak. During this time, Bharati was stuck by an elephant he used to feed, which got fired up and attacked him during one of these feeding sessions at Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai. Bharati was gravely injured by this attack and succumbed to his injuries on the 12th of September 1921, at the age of 38.

Works of Subramania Bharati

Subramania Bharati was heavily influenced by Vedic literature, and his works were progressive and followed a reformist ideal. Some of the best Subramania Bharati books are Kuyil Pattu, Panchali Sapatham and Kannan Pattu, all composed and written during his time in Pondicherry when he was in exile.

For the best preparation strategy for competitive exams candidates can visit the linked article and get detailed study material and preparation tips to excel in the examination.

To get the latest exam updates, study material and preparation tips, visit BYJU’S.

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short stories - part 1 by Subramaniya Bharathiyar In tamil script, unicode/utf-8 format

சிறுகதைகள் தொகுப்பு - பாகம் 1 சுப்ரமணிய பாரதியார், 1. ஆறிலொரு பங்கு, 2. ஸ்வர்ண குமாரி (ஓர் சிறு கதை), 3. துளஸீ பாயி என்ற ரஜ புத்ர கன்னிகையின் சரித்திரம், 4. தாஸியும் செட்டியும் (ஒரு சிறு கதை), 5. வேதபுரத்தின் இரகஸ்யம், 6. கொட்டையசாமி, 7. சந்திரத் தீவு, 8. வேப்ப மரம், 9. காந்தாமணி, 10. கோபந்நா.

Bharathiyar Essay – Short Essay, 10 Lines, 500 & 1000 Words

Bharathiyar Essay in English: In this Bharathiyar Essay , delve into the life and contributions of Subramania Bharathi, popularly known as Bharathiyar, a prominent Indian poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer.

Explore his poetic brilliance, advocacy for social equality, and fearless stand against colonial rule, providing insight into the profound impact he had on the cultural and political landscape of India during the early 20th century. Uncover Bharathiyar’s enduring legacy and his role as an inspirational figure in the realms of literature, nationalism, and social change.

Table of Contents

Bharathiyar Essay in 10 Lines

A glimpse into the life and legacy of the influential Indian poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer in this concise 10-line essay.

• Subramania Bharathi, known as Bharathiyar, was a renowned Indian poet and freedom fighter.
• His eloquent Tamil poetry was a powerful medium for expressing patriotism and advocating social equality.
• Bharathiyar fearlessly confronted colonial oppression through his impactful verses.
• He played a pivotal role in inspiring the masses to fight for India’s independence.
• Bharathiyar’s poems were not only a call for political freedom but also championed social reform.
• His commitment to women’s rights and education showcased his progressive ideals.
• Despite facing censorship, Bharathiyar’s impact on India’s cultural and political landscape endures.
• His poetry remains a symbol of poetic brilliance, resonating with the spirit of nationalism.
• Bharathiyar’s legacy extends beyond literature, embodying the ideals of social justice and freedom.
• Today, he stands as an iconic figure, revered for his contribution to both literature and the Indian independence movement.

Also See – Bhagat Singh Essay – 10 Lines, 100, 500, 1000 Words

Short Essay on Bharathiyar Essay in English

A concise exploration of the Subramania Bharati life, poetry, and impactful contributions of the influential Indian poet and freedom fighter in this short essay.

Subramania Bharathi, affectionately known as Bharathiyar, was a prolific Indian poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer in the early 20th century. His Tamil verses were not mere poems but powerful expressions of patriotism and calls for social equality.

Bharathiyar fearlessly challenged colonial oppression through his impactful writings, inspiring the masses to join the struggle for India’s independence.

His commitment to women’s rights and education reflected progressive ideals, and despite facing censorship, his influence on India’s cultural and political landscape endures. Bharathiyar remains an iconic figure, celebrated for his poetic brilliance and dedication to social change.

Bharathiyar Essay in 500 words

A comprehensive 500-word essay delving into the life, poetry, nationalist fervor, and enduring legacy of the revered Indian poet and freedom fighter, Subramania Bharathi.

Subramania Bharathi: The Voice of Liberation

Subramania Bharathi, affectionately known as Bharathiyar, was a luminary poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer who left an indelible mark on India’s cultural and political landscape during the early 20th century.

Born on December 11, 1882, in Ettayapuram, Tamil Nadu, Bharathi displayed early intellectual prowess and a deep love for literature. Despite facing financial constraints, his passion for knowledge propelled him to master multiple languages, setting the stage for a prolific literary career.

Bharathi’s poetic brilliance emerged as a beacon during a time when India yearned for freedom from colonial shackles. His verses, primarily composed in Tamil, transcended the realm of traditional literature, becoming poignant expressions of patriotism, social justice, and humanism. Whether extolling the beauty of nature or kindling the flames of nationalism, Bharathi’s poetry resonated with profound emotion, making him a revered figure in Indian literature.

However, Bharathi’s contributions extended beyond the realm of poetry. His writings became a potent instrument in the struggle against colonial rule. Through verses that stirred the hearts of the masses, he fostered a sense of national pride and inspired a spirit of resistance. Bharathi’s commitment to India’s independence was not confined to the written word; he actively participated in the nationalist movement, aligning himself with the fervor for liberation.

Yet, Bharathi’s vision extended beyond political independence. He was a visionary who recognized the imperative for societal reform. His advocacy for women’s rights was revolutionary for his time, as he passionately called for education and empowerment. Bharathi’s progressive ideals also challenged the prevailing social norms, envisioning a society free from caste discrimination and inequality. His activism was not confined to literary circles but manifested in his active participation in various reformist movements.

Despite his literary brilliance and commitment to societal change, Bharathi faced challenges and censorship from the British authorities. Undeterred, he persisted in expressing his dissent, turning adversity into an opportunity to further galvanize the masses. His writings, often provocative and bold, served as a catalyst for social and political awakening.

Bharathi’s legacy endures as a beacon of inspiration. His influence extends far beyond his lifetime, and his title “Mahakavi,” meaning “great poet,” is a fitting recognition of his profound impact on the literary landscape of India. His verses continue to resonate with the spirit of nationalism and social justice, inspiring generations to stand against injustice and champion the values of freedom and equality.

In conclusion, Subramania Bharathi’s life and legacy encapsulate the essence of resilience, intellectual brilliance, and unwavering commitment to a greater cause. As a poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer, Bharathiyar’s contributions have become an integral part of India’s cultural and literary heritage. His verses, echoing through time, serve as a perpetual source of inspiration for those who strive to uphold the values of freedom, equality, and justice.

Bharathiyar Essay in 1000 Words in English

A comprehensive 1000-word essay delving into the life, literary contributions, nationalist fervor, and enduring legacy of Subramania Bharathi, the revered Indian poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer.

Subramania Bharathi: The Luminary of Indian Renaissance

Introduction

Subramania Bharathi, popularly known as Bharathiyar, stands as a towering figure in Indian history—a poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer whose life and works shaped the cultural and political landscape of the early 20th century. This essay, spanning 1500 words, navigates the multifaceted journey of Bharathiyar, exploring his early life, poetic brilliance, contributions to the nationalist movement, advocacy for social reform, and the enduring legacy that positions him as an iconic figure in Indian history.

Early Life and Education

Born on December 11, 1882, in Ettayapuram, Tamil Nadu, Bharathi exhibited early signs of intellectual brilliance. His early education, despite financial constraints, revealed a prodigious intellect with a mastery of languages—Tamil, Sanskrit, and English. Bharathi’s formative years laid the foundation for a future as a poet and thinker, showcasing a deep love for literature and a thirst for knowledge that would define his life.

Poetic Brilliance

Bharathi’s poetry transcended the boundaries of conventional literature. His verses, primarily composed in Tamil, became powerful expressions of patriotism, social justice, and humanism. The richness of his words, whether celebrating the beauty of nature or kindling the flames of nationalism, resonated with profound emotion, making Bharathi a revered figure in the pantheon of Indian poets. This section delves into specific poems that exemplify Bharathi’s poetic brilliance and thematic diversity.

Nationalist Fervor

As India yearned for independence from colonial rule, Bharathi’s poetry became a powerful instrument in the struggle. His verses stirred the hearts of the masses, fostering a sense of national pride and awakening a spirit of resistance. This section explores Bharathi’s contribution to the nationalist movement, the impact of his writings on the collective psyche, and his active participation in the struggle for India’s liberation.

Societal Reform and Progressive Ideals

Bharathi was not only a poet but also a visionary who recognized the imperative for societal reform. His commitment to women’s rights was revolutionary for his time, advocating for their education and empowerment. This section examines Bharathi’s progressive ideals, his stance on caste discrimination, and his active involvement in various reformist movements, highlighting his role as a social reformer.

Challenges and Censorship

Bharathi’s bold and unapologetic stance against colonialism and social injustices did not go unnoticed. His writings faced censorship, and he encountered numerous challenges from the British authorities. This section delves into the adversity Bharathi faced, both as a poet and an activist, and how he persisted in expressing his dissent despite the hurdles.

Legacy and Enduring Impact

Bharathi’s influence extends far beyond his lifetime. His poetry continues to inspire generations, fostering a deep connection with the spirit of nationalism and social justice. This section explores Bharathi’s legacy, examining how his works have been celebrated, studied, and remembered in the post-independence era. Additionally, it reflects on his impact on contemporary literature and his place in the cultural consciousness of India.

In conclusion, Subramania Bharathi’s life and legacy epitomize the spirit of intellectual brilliance, unwavering commitment to societal reform, and a profound love for his country. As a poet, freedom fighter, and social reformer, Bharathi’s contributions have become integral to India’s cultural and literary heritage. His verses, echoing through time, serve as a perpetual source of inspiration for those who strive to uphold the values of freedom, equality, and justice. Subramania Bharathi, the luminary of Indian Renaissance, remains an enduring symbol of resilience, intellectual prowess, and unwavering commitment to a cause greater than oneself.

Bharathiyar, also known as Subramania Bharathi, stands as a monumental figure in Indian literature and the struggle for independence. His profound poetry transcends time, addressing themes of patriotism, social justice, and humanism. Bharathiyar’s words have continued to inspire generations, instilling a sense of pride and resilience.

His literary contributions remain relevant, reminding us of the enduring power of ideas and the profound impact one individual can have on society. His legacy endures, fostering a sense of cultural identity and societal progress that echoes in the hearts of those who continue to cherish and celebrate his work.

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சற்று முன் :

பிப்.16ல் வெளியாகிறது ஜெயம் ரவியின் ‘சைரன்’, தமிழக வெற்றி கழகம்; அரசியலில் குதித்த நடிகர் விஜய்; கட்சிப் பெயர் அறிவிப்பு, ஏப்.22: லேசா மனசு ‘இறங்கிய’ தங்கம் விலை, தினகரனை ஆதரித்து தேனியில் அண்ணாமலை தீவிர பிரசாரம், கோவையில், ஊடகத்தினருடன் வழக்கம்போல் ‘தில்’லுடன் மல்லுக்கட்டிய அண்ணாமலை.

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Bharathi-100: An English fable by Bharathiyar!

An English fable by Bharathiyar – Janaki Balasubramanian –

Enthusiasm. Force. Opportunity. Progressive. These are a portion of the one word that strikes a chord in relationship with Mahakavi Subramania Bharathi. If one somehow managed to do a word cloud to disclose him to the overall people, these are the words they will use.  Mahakavi Subramania Bharathi, otherwise called Bharathiyar and Bharathi. He was a wonder to Tamil literature. With a short life expectancy of 39 years old, Bharathiyar accomplished a lot.  He was a researcher second to none, boss of social equity, youth symbol, columnist, artist, essayist, and that’s just the beginning; net, he was across the board.

Bharthiyar moved to Puducherry which was under French standard. From that point, he altered and distributed the week after week journals ‘India’, ‘Vijaya’, a Tamil every day, ‘Bala Bharatham’, an English month to month and ‘Suryodayam’, a nearby week after week in Puducherry. His compositions were wealthy in content and set apart by a longing to inspire society. He sang melodies for individuals of all age gatherings. Indeed, even presently kids are drawn to his tunes since they are basic and straightforward. Many years of Bharathi’s life were spent in the field of journalism, Bharathi, as a young man began his career as a journalist and as a sub-editor in “Swadesamitran” in November 1904.

Bharathiyar’s works were translated into English by many writers and scholars. In “Bala Bharatam”, he used to write English stories and verses. But most of those writings are not preserved. Among all those short stories, “The Fox and Golden Tail” has persevered. This short story runs for 11 pages. The paperback version is not available. This is a fable. A fable is a short story that illustrates a moral lesson. For example, in the fable of the wolf and the sheep, a wolf in sheep’s clothing is able to infiltrate the sheep’s pasture without raising any alarm, and easily make a meal out of the sheep. The moral of the story is that appearances can be deceiving.

The old She fox is detested by the other foxes. They cut off the tail as a sort of punishment. The old She fox purchased an artificial tail and emigrated to the land of Asses and apes. The rest of the story deals with how the old she fox stays with the herd of asses. Bharathiyar draws a fable story parallel to the independence movement. He also attacks extreme heights of spiritual realization of a community. Scholars and researchers think the fox can be a famous political leader or an important community that prevailed in the society.

Bharathiyar is one among many writers who portrayed the Tamil people and culture. Many Tamil writer’s works are getting translated into English or other languages. The idea of translating their work is to pave the way for other language readers to know about our culture of ideas. Few works of Bharathiyar are taken forward and many other works stay untouched.

• bharathi-100
• bharathiyar

Good thangachi @janaki

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உடனுக்குடன் தினசரி தமிழ்ச் செய்திகளை உங்களது டெலிகிராம் ஆப்.,பில் பார்க்கலாம்! தினசரி செய்திகள் சேனலில் இணையுங்கள்! https://t.me/s/dhinasari Whatsapp - தினசரி செய்திகள் சேனலில் இணையுங்கள்! https://www.whatsapp.com/channel/dhinasari

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