nios home science assignment answers

Notes World

Hollywood movies, nios home science (216) solved assignments [tma] 2023-24.

NIOS Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2023-24 , FREE Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2024 , FREE Home Science (216) Assignment PDF , How to get Home Science (216) Solved Assignment for Free, We are providing NIOS Home Science (216) Solved Assignment all over India.

In this website students will get the all solutions related with their NIOS Assignments, NIOS Study Material , NIOS Previous Years Papers and NIOS Study Notes , Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2023-24 is for those candidate who want to submit their assignments on time.

FREE NIOS Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2023-24 , students can directly done their assignment by simply take reference through our free Notes World ( notesworld.in ) . Home Science (216) Free solved assignment available here. NIOS Secondary Solved TMA 2023-24 for class 10.

NIOS SOLVED ASSIGNMENTS [TMA] 2023-24

Secondary solved [tma] 2023-24 for class 10.

Home Science (216)

Tutor Marked Assignment

Click to buy NIOS Home Science (216) Solved TMA (2023-24) PDF

Max. Marks: 20

(i) All questions are compulsory. The marks allotted for each question are given beside the question.

(ii) Write your name, enrollment number, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet. 1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) Identify any two natural fibers from your surroundings. Why is it advisable to use garments made from natural fibers? (See Lesson 10)

Ans - Two natural fibers commonly found in my surroundings are cotton and jute. It is advisable to use garments made from natural fibers because they are breathable, comfortable, and biodegradable, making them eco-friendly. They also have good moisture-absorbing properties and are suitable for various weather conditions.

(b) Mention any two differences between plain weave and twill weave in a tabular form. (See Lesson 10)

Ans - Answer Anyone

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) Sheena’s foot accidently touched a naked wire from the socket and she got an electric shock. State any two appropriate ways for the safe use of electricity at home. (See Lesson 13)

Ans - To ensure safe use of electricity at home, it is crucial to:

1. Keep outlets covered and childproofed to prevent accidental contact with live wires.

2. Use electrical appliances and cords that are in good condition, avoiding frayed wires and faulty plugs.

(b) Critically examine your surroundings and identify any four reasons for suffocation and amongst children and adults. (See Lesson 13)

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) Baby Mridula is 8 months old. Mention any two characteristic features each of growth and development of children of her age.

(b) “Development is correlated”. Justify the statement by giving any two suitable examples. (See Lesson 18)

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.

(a) Health is the proper functioning of both body and mind. Define “Health” According to World Health Organisation (WHO). Enlist two characteristic features each of good physical health, good mental health and good social health.

(b) Define Immunity. How is natural immunity different from acquired immunity? Mention two ways by which we can acquire immunity.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.

(a) Tarun is a student of class 12th. He wants to pursue his career as a Engineer. Help him to identify the four steps of management to use his resources effectively to achieve his goal. (See Lesson 14)

(b) (i) Resources are limited. What four guidelines will you suggest to your community to use resources efficiently ?

(ii) Discuss the misuse of any two resources in your own community and suggest ways to prevent it. (See Lesson 14)

6. Answer any one of the following questions in detail.

(a) (i) Karuna and Taruna are identical twins. Karuna is brought up in a village by her mother and Taruna is brought up in a urban setting by her father. Analyse any three important aspects of development of both siblings in a tabular form.

(ii) In your opinion what is more important to determine the children’s personality and individual differences and Why?

(b) Each nutrient has a specific role in keeping us healthy. If we start eating the food with missing nutrients, symptoms of the disease will start appearing.

(i) Write any two functions of the following nutrients that are important to sustain life. Dietary fiber, water, vitamin A

(ii) Make a diet plan for yourself in terms of inclusion of food groups and balanced diet in a tabular form.

******************

Subcribe on Youtube - NotesWorld

For PDF copy of Solved Assignment

Any University Assignment Solution

WhatsApp - 9113311883 (Paid)

Footer Copyright

Contact form.

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions – 2025 | NIOS Home Science Class 10 Notes [216]

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions – 2025 | NIOS Home Science Class 10 Notes [216] can be of great value to excel in the examination. NIOS Secondary Home Science Solutions gives you a better knowledge of all the chapters. You can get solutions to questions of both basic and advanced levels. One of the best ways to excel in your board exams is by practicing NIOS Class 10 Home Science Question Answer .

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Question Answer

NIOS Secondary Home Science Solutions provided are as per the Latest NIOS Curriculum and cover all the questions from the National Institute of Open Schooling Textbooks. Access the detailed solutions provided here and get a good grip on the subject. Access the NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions of English in Page Format. Make use of them during your practice and score well in the exams.

Read Also: Amazing Benefits of Indian Sarsaparilla

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions

Table of Contents

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions in Details

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 1 What is Home Science

Textbooks PDF
Chapter Wise Question Answer
Short Question Answer
MCQ Type Answer
Additional Question Answer

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 2 Food And It’s Nutrients

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 3 Food Groups

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 4 Method of cooking food

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 5 Preservation of Food

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 6 Environment

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 7 Health

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 8 Communicable and Life Style Diseases

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 9 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 10 Fibre To Fabric

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 11 Fabric Finishes

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 12 Housing

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 13 Safety in the Home

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 14 Introduction to Resources

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 15 Management of Time and Energy

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 16 Managing Family Income

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 17 Life Begins

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 18 Concept of Development

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 19 My Family and I

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 20 Adolescence Charms and Challenges

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 21 Ethnics in Daily life

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter – 22 Consumer Beware! Be Answer

NIOS CLASS 10 ENGLISH SOLUTIONS
NIOS CLASS 10 HOME SCIENCE SOLUTIONS
NIOS CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE SOLUTIONS
NIOS CLASS 10 ECONOMICS SOLUTIONS
NIOS CLASS 10 INDIAN CULTURE AND HERITAGE SOLUTIONS

The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) is an autonomous organization that provides various educational courses, including vocational, life enrichment, and community-oriented courses, as well as general and academic courses at the secondary and senior secondary levels. The institute was established in November 1989 by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Government of India, in accordance with the National Policy on Education 1986. It also offers elementary-level courses through its Open Basic Education Programmes (OBE).

NIOS has been granted the authority by the Government of India, through a gazette notification, to examine and certify learners enrolled in pre-degree level courses, whether academic, technical, or vocational. Additionally, the Association of Indian Universities has recognized the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination of NIOS as equivalent to their own, as indicated in their letter dated 25 July 1991 (reference number EV/11(354)/91/).

Advantages of NIOS Class 10 Books Solutions

You will have tremendous benefits in solving NIOS Class 10 Study Material for Home Science . Some of the notable benefits include…

NIOS Study Material Class 10 Home Science provided help you get command of the subject.
Refer to the Chapter-wise Solutions and clear all your queries and revise the syllabus.
Solve your homework and assignments on time with our Class 10 NIOS Study Material Home Science .
Step by step approach provided for the solutions helps you get more confidence while attempting the exam.
Build Strong foundation skills on the subject using our NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Home Science .
Where can I get NIOS Study Material for Class 10 Home Science Chapter Wise?

You can get NIOS Study Material for Class 10 Home Science Chapter-wise on Dev Library. Use them as a reference during your preparation and score well.

Which is the best site to get the NIOS Study Material for Class 10 Home Science Solutions ?

Dev Library is a genuine and trustworthy site that offers reliable information regarding NIOS Study Material for Class 10 Home Science Solutions .

How to learn Class 10 NIOS Home Science ?

You can learn NIOS Class 10 Home Science by practicing through our quick links. Make the most out of these resources and prepare accordingly.

We hope the NIOS Study Material for for Class 10 Home Science provided on this page helps in your board exam preparation. If you have any questions, ping us through the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 1 What is Home Science

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 1 What is Home Science Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily…

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 2 Food And It’s Nutrients

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 2 Food And It’s Nutrients Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily…

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 3 Food Groups

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 3 Food Groups Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through…

1 thought on “NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions – 2025 | NIOS Home Science Class 10 Notes [216]”

Do you have question and answer bank according to the new 2024 pattern of NIOS HOme Science?

Home Science 321 Solved Assignment 2021-22 | NIOS Senior Secondary Solved Assignment 2021 - 22

nios senior secondary solved assignment 2021 – 22 home science 321 solved assignment 2021-22 tutor marked assignment max marks: 20.

(i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions.

(ii) Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet.

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) Give the relevance of home science for home and family life. (See Lesson – 1, 2)

Ans: Home science is now an essential part of the home and family life, which includes food preparation, cleaning, gardening, decoration and other household activities. Home science plays an important role in our day to day life which helps in improving our health, mood and well-being. Home science is also very essential component for creating a healthy lifestyle.

(b) Give two ethics which we must learn for domestic life and work place. (See Lesson – 1, 2)

Ans: Ethics in a domestic life:

1. It is important for every individual to respect the needs of the family members and to maintain a healthy relationship with all the members of the family.

2. Any person of a family must not impose his or her personal thinking and ethics on the people living in the household.

Ethics in a workplace:

1. Every individual must be committed to his work and be respectful of his colleagues.

2. One must not impose his or her personal thinking and ethics on his colleagues in work place.

गृह विज्ञान (321)| Home Science 321 NIOS Free Solved Assignment 2021 – 22 (Hindi Medium)

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) ‘Food not only nourishes our body but performs other important function also.’ Justify this statement by giving any four functions of the food. (See Lesson 4)

Ans: Food is an important element of our life which not only nourishes our body but also gives us power to do our daily work. Some of the important functions of food are given below:

1. Nourishment: Food provides us important nutrients for energy and good health.

2. Power: Food gives us power to do our daily work.

3. Good feeling: Tasty Food makes people happy and energetic.

4. Physical growth: Food provides us important proteins and vitamins which are necessary for our physical growth.

(b) Explain the inter – relation between food – nutrition – health. (See Lesson 4)

Ans: We all know that food is important to maintain our health and in turn, our quality of life. We should not only be concerned in the quality of food, but also in the nutritional values that it offers.

Food is one of the most basic elements in human existence. It provides us with energy and nutrients that we need to go about our daily lives. The nourishment of the body is the basis for its health. Nourishments are nutrients that assist our body to thrive and function properly and healthy food is the main source of nutrients.

However, it can also cause a lot of health problems if not eaten correctly. In order to improve this situation, people have been looking for ways on how to eat healthy food with a balanced diet without going through a lot of trouble.

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) Mention any two family values that you will not give up even under peer pressure. Also write two goals that you have set for yourself. (See Lesson 2, 10, 11)

Ans: Answer any one

(b) Classify the work your mother does as: (See Lesson 2, 10, 11)

Ans: Mothers are our role models, our idols. They do the work that is the hardest in the world. Mother do not get paid for what they do, but they shouldn’t be paid for it anyway. We should all treat them with respect and appreciation for what they do for us. They do a lot of work which can be categorized into three categories:

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words. 4

(a) Your mother wants to start her own catering services for working people. Guide your mother by explaining the following: (See Lesson 5, 8)

(i) Explain how to use a food pyramid.

(ii) Write two advantages of meal planning.

Ans: (i) A food pyramid is the simplest way to organize food groups on a plate. It is composed of three sections - grains, vegetables, and fruits.

Within each category, the foods are divided into six different types. These types are cereals, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, protein foods and oils. The order is also important in this model because certain foods should be eaten first so that children get enough nutrients for healthy growth.

A food pyramid can be helpful for anyone who wants to eat better and is looking for some guidance on what they should and shouldn't do.

(ii) Meal planning is a very important thing to do before you start cooking. It will save you time, money and it will also help you stick to your diet goals.

1) One of the advantages of meal planning is that it saves you time. With this, there are more hours in your day which can be spent doing other things like work or exercise.

2) Meal planning also saves money because there are less food items bought in grocery stores or ordered from restaurants.

(b) You have been asked to guide the ladies of your village on food preparation. Explain to them the following: (See Lesson 5, 8)

(i) Why should food be cooked?

(ii) Describe the steps involved in pre – preparation of food.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words. 4

(a) Your youth club has invited you to talk about resources: (See Lesson 10, 14)

(i) Explain to them the term resources and give one example each of human and non – human resources.

(ii) List four steps to conserve energy.

Ans: ( i) By using the term "resource ," we mean a person or a machine that produces goods or services. In other words, resources are defined as something that can be used to accomplish tasks. The resources in your business will depend on what type of business you have and how much you have to produce.

Human Resources:

Human Resource is a person who has been brought into an organization to provide services that are not typically performed by one person. This includes sales, marketing, and other general services. Humans are the most important resource for any company. They drive revenue, make the company more efficient, and bring creativity to the table. However, not all companies can afford to hire human resources. Examples of human resources are people who can provide documentation or management support.

Non-Human Resources:

Non-Human Resource is a machine or a system that performs activities outside of its own self-interest in order to produce a desired result for an entity other than itself. Examples of non-human resources are tools, equipment, and office space.

(ii) Conserving energy is critical for any company. Here are four steps companies can take to conserve more energy at work.

1. Reduce consumption with smart technology

2. Install LED lighting in the office

3. Build a renewable power source for the building

4. Reduce your carbon footprint through recycling

(b) You have studied about Management process answer the following questions based on this concept: (See Lesson 10, 14)

(i) What are the steps in Management process?

(ii) Your friend gets very confused easily. Enumerate the steps involved in problem solving to help him get over his confusion.

6. Prepare any one project out of the given below:

(a) During the ‘lockdown period’ you spent a lot of time with your family at home. Make a list of your learnings under the followings heads and compare the notes with your friends: (See Lesson 1, 3)

(i) How did your family help you during the time of lockdown?

(ii) Did joint families have any advantage during this period?

(iii) Do you think education can have a very positive effect in the life of a girl child?

(b) During the ‘lockdown period’ you must have experience scarcity of resources and money, keeping that in mind answer the following questions. (See Lesson 9, 11, 13)

(i) Write any four methods of food preservation that you used during the lockdown period.

(ii) Share the time plan that you followed in a day during lockdown.

(iii) Do you feel it is important to save money? Give two reasons.

Ans: (i) Food preservation method during a lockdown period in India include:

1. Rice and legumes: Rice and legumes that are high in starch and protein like white rice, lentils, and split peas can be stored for months by drying them on the rooftop or in the sun.

2. Salt-cured meats: A salt-cured meat such as beef jerky or sausage can last for more than a year when stored properly in an airtight container.

3. Dried vegetables: Dried vegetables that have been properly dried with low humidity can last up to a year without going bad or losing flavor.

4. Canned foods: Canned goods, such as canned tuna, sardines, beans, and vegetables can last up to 3-5 years when stored properly in a dry area out of direct sunlight.

(ii) This is a brief overview of my daily routine during the lockdown.

1. I woke with the sun at 7am, took a shower, and had breakfast. I made sure I ate healthy food in the morning, exercised for 30 minutes in the late morning

2. After breakfast, I spend most of the day using in-depth research on YouTube and social media websites in order to stay updated on stock market news as I am an investor and also writes blog on stock market.

3. I also have a list of people, companies, brands, and websites that I interact with through tweets or YouTube videos to build relationships with them.

4. In the evening I relaxed for 40 minutes and spent time with my family before bedtime.

(ii) Saving money is not always easy, but it is more important than ever.

First Reason: The first reason why people save money is because it provides an opportunity for them to make extra income. They can invest this money in future endeavors like investing in stocks or real estate.

Second Reason: The second reason why people save money is to make sure they have enough cash when they retire.

Posted by Kumar Nirmal Prasad

You might like, 0/post a comment/comments.

Kindly give your valuable feedback to improve this website.

NIOS Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022 – 23 (English Medium)

Nios free solved assignment [tma] 2022 – 2023, home science 321 free solved assignment [tma] 2022 – 23, tutor marked assignment, max. marks: 20.

In this article, you will get Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022-23. You will get solved assignment of other subjects in our page nios solved assignment 202-23 .

(i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions.

(ii) Write your name, enrolment numbers, AI name, and subject on the first page of the answer sheet.

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) In your opinion, how does Home Science serve as the art and science of living a quality life? (See Lesson-1)

Ans: Home Science is an art as well as a science; it helps everyone to lead a happy and satisfying personal and social life and also to develop qualities of good citizenship. Home Science can take a prominent role in developing good individuality and a good sense of personality in a person. The modern concept of this subject is to bring up homes where peace, prosperity and progress prevail. Unlike other subjects, it is a practical science one applies in everyday life. As a practical subject it offers maximum opportunity to express one’s ability to take up things and develop leadership qualities.

(b) On the basis of your experiences of living in a family, list any four functions of a family which have benefited you in life. (See Lesson-3)

Ans: Answer any one question

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) List any four principles of growth and development for 0-5 years old children. (See Lesson-18)

Ans: Four principles of growth and development of 0-5 years old children:

1. Principle of biological growth: According to this principle, the child gains control of the head first, then the arms, and then the legs

2. Principle of cognitive development: child’s ability to think, learn and solve problems.

3. Principle of emotional and social development: child’s ability to express emotions effectively and follow rules.

4. Principle of self-regulation: ability to understand and manage behaviour and reactions.

(b) What do you understand by the term “Milestones in Development”? Give two examples related to age group 0-5 years old children. (See Lesson-18)

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2

(a) List four good housekeeping practices that you expect from the staff in a hotel for a comfortable stay. (See Lesson-28A)

Ans: As a guest I expect the following from the staff in a hotel for a comfortable stay:

– Safety and security.

– Changing the linen of the guest room and guest bathrooms.

– Proper cleaning in room and toilets.

– Replenishing the hotel cleaner’s trolley with supplies and linens for the next shift staff.

(b) “Embroidery is a painting with needle and thread”. Elaborate & explain. (See Lesson-28B)

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words. 4

(a) Justify with the help of examples the statement that “Resources are means for satisfying our needs, and reaching goals.” List two individual resources, and two-family resources that will help you to reach your goals. (See Lesson-10)

Ans: Resources are the means for satisfying our needs and reaching our goals. There are mainly two types of resources: Individual resources and family resources.

The resources possessed and utilized by a person are called individual resources. Such resources are part of an individual and can be used only by that person. Examples of human resources are time, energy, knowledge, skills and abilities.The amount of individual resources available will vary from one person to another. Therefore, they can be acquired and cultivated.

At the same time, there are some other resources which are available for everyone in family to use. They are more easily recognized than individual resources. Some of these resources like personal computer, bank balance, personal land etc. are available for all the family members. Family resources are external to individuals, but they can be possessed and utilized by them.

(b) Define time management; make a time plan for yourself for a whole day. How will it help you to conserve your energy? (See Lesson-11)

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words. 4

(a) Why are different fabrics different in their appearance, characteristics, and their care procedures? Substantiate your answer by using four different kinds of fabrics as examples. (See Lesson-23)

Ans: Simple Steps To Get All the Assignments

1. Simply Pay Rs. 80 Inclusive of taxes through the following Link

2. Download DTS Mobile Application

3. Go to NIOS Solved Assignment (TMA) to Access all the assignments

4. Amazing All the TMA of Secondary and Senior Secondary for Just Rs. 80 Only

(b) “Yarn construction can affect the quality of the fabric.” Justify this statement by explaining the types of yarn, and their characteristics. Using any fabric, explain now the yarn influences the kind of finish that a fabric will need. (See Lesson-23 & 25)

6. Prepare any one project out of the given below. 6

(a) You have read about the importance of Nutrients in the diet so answer the following questions;

(i) What are nutrients? Which nutrients are essential for a school going child? Write the recipe of a snack for a school going child along with the method of cooking used. Also, explain how your chosen method of cooking is beneficial in conserving the nutrients.

(ii) How will you store fresh fruits and vegetables so that there is minimum destruction of nutrient content? (See Lesson-4, 7 & 8)

(b) You have read about the functions of food and the importance of conservation of nutrients. Answer the following questions.

(i) List three important functions of food. There is a marriage function in your family, make a list of perishables, non-perishable, and semi perishable food items that would be required. Give two examples of each.

(ii) Which cooking method would you use in this function for making the following dishes. Explain the process.

● Paneer Tikka.

(iii) List two practices that you will use to prevent loss of nutrients during the making of fruit chat. (See Lesson-4,7 & 8)

So, Finally you reached the end of the post. Hope you like Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022-23 . You will solved assignment of other subjects in our page nios solved assignment 202-23 . Visit Official website of NIOS for details about assignment.

Business Studies 319 NIOS Free Solved Assignment 2022 – 23 (English Medium)
NIOS Economics 318 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022 – 23 (English Medium)
NIOS History 315 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022 – 23 (English Medium)

Nios Class 12th Home Science(321) Chapter wise Important Questions and Answers English Medium

Chapter 1- Home Family and Home Science

Q 1. What are the misconceptions about Home Science?

Answer – The misconceptions about Home Science are:

Home Science only teaches cooking, stitching, home decoration and child care.
Home Science is meant for girls because they have to manage the home in later life.
Why study Home Science when girls can learn homemaking skills from their mother?
Home Science does not offer attractive job opportunities.

Q 2.Home science is divided into how many areas? explain it.

Answer – Home Science has five different areas but at school level only four areas are taught.

These areas are:

Chapter 2- Ethics in Daily Life

Q 3. What are the family life and workplace ethical problems?

Answer – The Family Life And Workplace Ethical Problems are:

Irregular and lack punctuality
Rude and impolite behavior
Inadequate Knowledge And Skill
Wastage of Resources
Disregard For Rules And Regulations
Disrespect for the job

Q 4. What do you understand by code of ethics?

A list of clearly stated rules, standards and principles to guide our behavior at home and in public is called a Code of Ethics. A code of ethics can be developed through mutual agreement of the persons involved.

The following is an example of a code of work ethics for us to understand and follow diligently, both at work and at home.

Be regular and punctual at work and at home.
Do the task assigned to you.
Be polite, patient, courteous and respectful to all.
Manage and apply your resources efficiently. Do not waste resources.

Chapter 3- Family Health and Security

Q 5. Make a list of family tasks.

Answer – There are several important functions which a family performs.

It gives protection: Indeed, it provides the best setting for the rearing and care of newborns and infants, adolescents, the sick and the infirm or aged.
It provides emotional support of a degree and kind that is not available otherwise. Such bonding is indispensable for the healthy development of children. In fact, the family is the primary group which allows intimacy and affection to be freely expressed.
It educates its members, who learn to live life in the setting of a family. Children are taught the do’s and don’ts of the society, how to interact with others, respect and obey elders, etc.
It provides financial security. Basic needs such as of food, shelter, clothing are provided for members and they share responsibilities and work.
It acts as a source of recreation. A family can be a source of happiness, where members can talk to one another, play and do various activities together. These may range from house-hold work to celebration of festivals and other events like birth, engagement or marriage.
Family also performs the function of socializing children. Parents give their children the first lessons in how to live with other people, to love, share, help in time of need and take on responsibilities. The family nurtures attitudes and values in children and influences their habits. Traditional skills are also picked up within the family. The family also prepares its young members to get formal education in school and beyond.

Q 6. Discuss the advantages and problems of nuclear and joint family.

Answer –

Nuclear family: The Nuclear family is usually a small unit made up of the husband, the wife and their unmarried children. Sometimes a brother or unmarried sister of the husband may be living with them. This would be an extended family.

Advantages of living in a nuclear family:

The children are frequently encouraged to make decisions. This increases their self-confidence.
Deeper emotional ties develop among the members. This is on account of the greater privacy and also opportunities for mutual interaction which are available in a nuclear family.
Members of a nuclear family are generally more independent and show greater initiative and self-reliance.

Disadvantages of a Nuclear Family

There is no adult support to the young couple. No experienced person of the family is readily available for advice.
When both the parents are working no one from the family is there to take care of children.
In case of adversity there is no one to support the family financially or emotionally.
Social values like ‘adjustment’, sharing or cooperation are difficult to learn.

Joint Family: Joint Family is made of a combination of nuclear families, and consequently it is much larger. It is made up of a man and his wife, their unmarried daughters, married sons, their wives and children. The men are of the same family and women enter the family by marriage.

It encourages family members to be co-operative and accommodating. Work, especially agricultural work, can be shared.
It allows for the old, the helpless and the unemployed in the family to be looked after and cared for.
Rearing of small children becomes easier, especially when both parents work.
A child gets emotional and economic support in the event of the death of a parent. There is greater financial security.

Joint families also have their problems.

Women are sometimes badly and unequally treated.
Often disputes arise among the members over property or the running of a business.
Some of the women have to do all the housework, and they get very little time or opportunity to develop their personality.

Q 7. What are the factors affecting family health?

Nutritious Food
We must eat a balanced diet, which means our food must have carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in the right quantity.The ‘right quantity’ depends on the age, sex, work of a person, status of health etc.A growing child needs more protein,an adult needs more carbohydrate.
Sick people need different types of food depending on the disease.A person with diabetes should not be given sweets.
Children should be encouraged to eat fruits and vegetablesand less of fried and ‘fast’ food like hamburgers and pizzas. Consumption of sweets, chocolates and ‘cola’ drinks should be minimal.
Personal Hygiene

(i) Cleanliness : Hands must be cleaned regularly. In order to keep the skin healthy take a bath daily because regular bathing Keeps the skin clean and free of germs.

(ii) Physical exercise: Some exercise is very important for all age groups. Children, teenagers and young people especially need it. Physical exercise increases blood circulation. As a result, every part of the body gets the oxygen required for development.

(iii) Posture: Posture means how a person stands, sits, walks and works. You should get up, sit and walk with your back straight and shoulders stretched.

(iv) Rest and sleep: Night sleep refreshes you for the next day. Sleep not only provides rest to the tired brain but also to the tired muscles. 6-7 hours of sleep is sufficient for adults.

(iv) Healthy habits: You should develop healthy habits in yourself. Like eating food at regular time and sleeping at regular time. Also, do not get tempted by any kind of intoxicants. Similarly, do not eat paan, tobacco and pan masala and also stay away from alcohol.

Chapter 4- Food, Nutrition and Health

Q 8.What is the functions of food?

Answer – There are basically three important functions of food:

Social Function: Sharing food with any other person implies social acceptance. Food is also an integral part of festivity every where in the world. for example birth of a child or a marriage or birthdays, are celebrated by having feasts and serving delicacies. Food also has a specific significance and meaning in the religious context.
Psychological Function: We all have emotional needs, such as need for security, love and affection. Food is one way through which these needs are satisfied. For example,
When your mother prepares food of your choice, you feel that she loves you.
Sometimes food is also given as a reward. For example, children are given chocolate as a reward for doing good work.
Certain foods become associated with sickness, such as khichri and bland foods. Sickness is an unpleasant experience; hence, even the food items served during this state may be associated with unpleasant feelings.
Physical work – Food performs three specific functions for our body
Food provides energy: Everybody needs energy to do work. You get this energy from the food that you eat. You need energy even when you are resting. Different organs inside your body are always working.
Food helps in body building: New cells are added to these to help the body to grow. Food is needed for the formation of new cells. Cells also die or are damaged due to injury. New cells need to be formed and this repair work is done with the help of food.
Food provides protection against diseases: We get the power to fight diseases and their germs that appear inside the body only through food.

Q 9. Define macronutrients and micronutrients and explain their sources.

Answer – Macronutrients and micronutrients and their sources

Macronutrients – These are present in large quantities in foods and are also required in large amounts by the body.

(a) Carbohydrates or sugars : They provide energy to the body like- Its main sources are wheat, rice, pulses, millet, maize, potato, sweet potato, beetroot and sugar, jaggery etc.

(b) Protein : Protein is required for body structure. It is necessary for the growth, repair and maintenance of body. Protein is found in meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, curd, soybean, pulses, dry fruits, sesame, peanuts etc.

(c) Fats and oils: This is the central source of energy. It maintains body temperature and the fat under the skin helps in maintaining body heat. Vegetable oil, ghee, butter, poultry, fish, eggs, cheese, cheese are the major sources of fat.

Micronutrients: Other important nutrients which are present in small quantities in foods but are essential for our body are called micronutrients. These are minerals and vitamins and are required in very small quantities.

(a) Vitamin: Fat soluble vitamins

Vitamin A – It is found in milk, liver, carrot, papaya and green leafy vegetables like spinach, fenugreek etc.

Vitamin D – produced by eggs, oil, fish and skin in sunlight.

Vitamin E – Found in all grains, pulses and vegetable oils.

Vitamin K – produced by a bacteria found in the intestines, green leafy vegetables, eggs and liver.

water soluble vitamins

Vitamin B- Liver, chicken, meat, fish, eggs, whole grains, pulses, green leafy vegetables and milk.

Vitamin C- Vitamin C is found in abundance in juicy fruits like Amla, orange, seasonal, lemon, guava etc.

(b) Minerals:

Calcium: Calcium and phosphorus are available to us in sufficient quantities in milk, curd, green leafy vegetables, ragi, oil, pulses and seeds.
Iron: The body needs iron in very small quantities. It is an essential part of hemoglobin. Whole grains and pulses provide iron to our body. Iron is also obtained from green leafy vegetables, egg yolk, liver and meat.
Iodine: Iodine is an essential element for the hormone called thyroxine produced by the thyroid gland. Good sources of iodine are grains, pulses, milk, fish. Apart from this, raisins, curd, brown rice, garlic, mushrooms, spinach and iodine salt are also good sources. Seafood is also rich in iodine.

(c) Water: One can survive without food but not without water. It is found in the fibers of all the cells and organs of our body. With the help of water, nutrients reach the body through the process of digestion, absorption and transportation. Generally we should drink 6-8 glasses of water every day. We also get water in the form of milk, buttermilk or fruit juice.

Chapter 5- Meal Planning

Q 10. What is diet plan? Write the factors affecting diet planning.

Answer – Meaning of diet planning: Diet planning means planning a balanced diet with the available resources so that each member of the family can get adequate nutrition. Available resources means time, energy and money available to the family.

Following are the factors affecting diet plan:

Nutritional adequacy: This is the most important factor to be kept in mind while diet planning. This means meeting the nutritional needs of all members of the family. For example, a growing child needs more protein, a pregnant and lactating woman needs more protein and calcium. While planning a diet, you select foods from different food groups and include them in your diet.
Age: People generally eat according to age. Members have different amounts of food according to their age. A newborn baby drinks only milk. A small child’s food is in small quantities. Adolescents require more and more varied types of food.
Gender: Gender is another factor that determines food. Young and adult men require more food than women.
Physical activity: The type of work done by a person affects the quantity and type of food he eats. For example, a laborer not only eats more but also requires more energy because he has to work hard. His body needs more energy while working hard. Therefore, you include more energy-giving foods while planning the diet of such a person.
Economy: Another important factor in diet planning is the expenditure by the family on food. Foods like milk, cheese, meat, fruits, coconut etc. make our diet balanced but they are expensive. Alternative sources like toned milk, seasonal fruits and vegetables are cheaper and equally balance the diet.

6. Time, energy and skills: While planning the diet, keep in mind the available resources of the family like time, energy and skills. Having a variety of dishes will make the meal elaborate, but you can simplify it by preparing simple and nutritious food. For example, a working mother can prepare one nutritious pulao instead of 3-4 dishes.

Q 11. What things will you keep in mind while modifying the diet of a pregnant woman?

Answer – While modifying the diet of a pregnant woman, we will keep the following things in mind:

The requirement of calories, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C increases during pregnancy. Therefore, it is necessary to include these nutrients in the diet of a pregnant woman so that the fetus can have healthy growth and development.
While modifying the diet of a pregnant woman, she should be given more amount of water and fiber because she may complain of constipation, but since she cannot eat much at one time, you should give her food in small quantities at short intervals. should give. The frequency of meals should also be increased compared to the sample menu.
The calorie requirement of a pregnant woman is 13% less than that of an adult man. This can be accommodated by reducing the amount of grains from the sample menu.
During this time, the amount of protein in the diet of a pregnant woman should be high so that the baby can develop rapidly and develop tissues in the uterus. This can be compensated by giving protein rich food to the pregnant woman.
To avoid complaints like burning sensation and heaviness which often occur during pregnancy, the use of fried foods and chillies and spices should be reduced.

Q 12. What are the things you will keep in mind while modifying the diet of any patient.

Answer – Whilemodifying the diet of any patient, the following things should be kept in mind:

Modification made on the basis of daily diet of the person would be more acceptable.
The patient does not feel that he is being given a completely different diet from other members of the family.
It is difficult to make.
Include food as per the patient’s choice, otherwise the food will not be eaten.
Food should be served in an attractive manner so that the patient has a desire to eat.

Chapter 6 – Nutritional Status

Q 13. Explain the difference between marasmus and kwashiorkor disease.

Chapter 7 – Purchase and Storage of Food

Q 14. Write the reasons and side effects of food spoilage.

Answer – The causes and side effects of food spoilage are as follows:

Micro-organisms: Food is spoiled by micro-organisms which are present in the environment all the time. They live on the outer surface of food and produce certain types of chemicals which cause food spoilage.
The bacteria, called bacteria, are added to the curd and after a few hours, this transformation of milk into curd takes place due to a subtle reason.
The spongy appearance of Idli, Dhokla, Dosa, bread etc. is also caused by microorganisms like yeast. But, this action of microorganisms does not destroy the food.
Enzymes: When a raw mango is kept in the kitchen, its color changes from green to yellow and from yellow to brown. Visually it first becomes hard, then soft, and then loose. These changes occur due to the continuous effect of enzymes. Such enzymes are present in all foods and cause their ripening and spoilage.
By insects and rats etc .: If grains are not stored properly then insects and rodents not only eat the food but also spoil it with their own waste material. Such food becomes completely unfit for consumption.

Q 15. What things need to be kept in mind while maintaining food safely?

Answer: While maintaining food safely, the following things should be kept in mind:

Wash hands thoroughly before preparing and eating food.
Wash fruits and vegetables before cooking or eating them raw.
Cover your mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing.
Use a separate spoon for tasting.
Keep all perishable foods in a cool place or in the refrigerator.
Use perishable items as soon as possible.
Keep the kitchen or storage area clean.
Use only clean utensils.
Buy food items from trusted places. Especially milk and milk products, meat and meat products etc.
Check the quality at the time of purchase.

Chapter 8 – Preparation of Food

Q 16. Write any five methods of cooking food.

Answer – Five methods of cooking food are as follows :

Moist heat:

Boiling – Food is immersed in sufficient amount of hot water and heated to its boiling temperature (1000 C or 2120 F) The temperature is maintained till the food is cooked. For example while boiling potato.

Points to remember

Boil food along with their skin to minimize losses of nutrients
Avoid excessive boiling because it can disintegrate the food.
Simmering – Food is cooked in water as the medium and providing heat below boiling temperature, that is, 950-980 F.
For example, Kadhi and kheer are prepared by this method. Since the heat is low you do not need too much water.

Do not bring the food to boiling temperature
Do not cover the food while cooking, so that the temperature does not rise.
Poaching – Cook the food in minimum amount of liquid at temperature just below the boiling point. It is used for cooking fish, eggs and fruits because these food do not require long cooking. Add a pinch of salt and few drops of vinegar to cooking liquid for a clean smooth edge while making poached egg.

Points to remember – A stew boiled is a stew spoilt! It is used in cooking less tender cuts of meat, vegetables, fruits, eg., – apple, peach.

Steaming – The steam generated by water is used as a medium of cooking. Food does not come in direct contact with water.

There are following three methods of steam cooking:-

Direct Method
Pressure Cooking

Dry Heat Methods:

Roasting Food is brought in contact with direct heat of the flame. Food is periodically coated with fat and turned around for uniform cooking. Roasting imparts a characteristic brown colour and flavourto food. Chappatis, various vegetables and mutton or chicken kebabs areprepared by roasting.

Grilling or Broiling

The food is placed on a metal grid directly above the source of heat or a tray placed under the source of heat. You can prepare pizzas, cheese toasts, chips, grilled tomato, capsicum, sandwich, etc.

This method combines the action of dry heat with that of steam which is generated while the food is cooked. It involves use of oven or tandoor. Cakes, breads, biscuits, puddings, some vegetables and some non-vegetarian dishes are cooked by this method.

Bread slices are kept in a grill between two heating elements and browned on both the sides. Automatic toasters are also available which prevent burning or blackening of the bread.

Cooking with fat

This method is used to make fried items like samosas, pakodas, kachoris etc. When food is cooked in sufficient amount of hot fat until it turns brown, it is called frying.

Sauteing: It involves use of just minimum fat to cover the base of the pan. The food is tossed occasionally to cook evenly. Very little amount of heat is applied to the pan and food gets cooked in its own steam.Vegetables, mushrooms and noodles are sauted.It is a healthy cooking method which retains the nutrients and flavours of the food.

(D) Microwave cooking – It is a fairly recent method of cooking. It involves use of high frequency electromagnetic rays (microwaves) which penetrate into the food. These produce the frictional heat by setting up vibration within the food. Cooking is done in special ovens called Microwave oven. It is a quick method of cooking and reheating the food. Food does not turn brown and also retains its original colour. It is used in fast food shops for quick service.

(E) Solar Cooking: Solar energy is the primary source of most energy available on earth. Use of this method has come up as an alternative fuel source for cooking. Solar cooking is based on the principle that black surface and background absorb solar rays and get heated. Food kept in the black boxes are cooked with this heat. It is used for making dals, boiled rice and vegetables, breads and biscuits. The maximum temperature it attains is around 1000 F and hence cannot be used to make chapattis and for roasting.

Q 17. Describe the policies that can prevent nutrient loss?

Answer – Some of these losses can be prevented and with the help of certain practices the nutrition in food can be enhanced during pre-preparation and cooking.

For vegetables

Wash before peeling and cutting. Water soluble vitamins and minerals will not be lost.
Do not peel and cut the vegetables long before cooking
Cut vegetables into large pieces, to save nutrients and Cook the vegetables till tender, do not overcook.
Green leafy vegetables can be cooked without water as they already contain lot of water.

For fruits:

Cut just before eating
Consume in the natural form
Wash and consume apples, chikkoo and do not remove the skin

Cereals and pulses:

Do not sieve atta as all the bran (chokar) will be lost. Bran orchokar is rich in B complex vitamins.
Avoid repeated, prolonged washing of rice and dal avoid. It prevents loss of vitamin B complex.
Avoid use of cooking soda to preserve nutrients.
Cook for the shortest possible time in minimum amount of water.
Repeated boilings and exposure to sunlight destroys the essential nutrients present in milk.

Q 18. How will you make proper use of left over food ?

Answer – Here are several tips on how to make proper use of leftover food:

Vegetables pulao can be mixed with potatoes and made into cutlets, koftas.
Sour curd can be used for making ‘kadhi’. It can be mixed with maida to make bhatura, curd rice, or lassi.
Leftover tomato-onion salad can be used for making dry mixed vegetable, stuffed omlettes, soups and curries.
Bread slices can be mixed with potatoes to make tikkis, cutlets etc.
Left over green leafy vegetables can be kneeded in dough to make parathas or puris.

Chapter 10 – Family Resources Management

Q 19. Define resources, and mention the ways and means to achieve satisfaction with less resources.

Answer – Resources: Resources are the means for satisfying our needs and reaching ourgoals.

The ways and means to achieve satisfaction with fewer resources:

While using resources, we have to ensure that we utilize them in such a way that we get maximum benefit from their use. This way we will be able to get maximum satisfaction.

Identify all the available resources.
Make use of only the right amount of resources.
Substitute the less expensive resources for the more expensive ones.
Develop the habits that can enhance the use of resources.
Cultivate practices to increase the availability of resources.
Learn to share resources so that you do not deprive others of their use.

Q 20. Explain the steps in the management process.

Answer – Steps in the management process are:

Planning: A simple way to plan is to make a list of all the things that need to be done. Since certain things have to be done first and others later, arrange them in a proper order or in a sequence.

For example, you first took money from the bank and then went to the station to buy tickets for the journey. You collected your ticket and the other things like bedding, soap, clothes, towels etc; you packed them in a suit case.

Organizing: After planning, you have to organize your resources and your work so that the plan is carried out properly. Organizing involves assembling resources and fixing responsibilities.
Controlling: Controlling is also known as putting a plan into action. As the plan is being carried out, you also have to check the progress of your plan. When you do this, you may sometimes find a changed situation which calls for a fresh decision.

For example, suppose you had planned to go on 15th, but find that no ticket is available, what will you do? You may have to decide on one of the following:

Change the train; or
Change the date of departure; or
Cancel the trip.
Evaluating: Evaluating, means checking the progress of your plan and takingcorrective measures if needed.

For example when you cook a meal for your family, you want to taste whether it is done properly or not. You also see whether everything is made in adequate amounts. Evaluation helps you to check your mistakes and improve your work and product. Thus evaluation helps you to understand your weaknesses and mistakes so that it is checked and will not be repeated in future. This is also called looking back or “feedback”.

Q 21.Explain the decision making process.

Answer – Steps of Decision making process are:

Step 1 – Identifying the problem: While identifying the problem, it is important to be clear and unemotional.

For Example: Your friend, Rahul and his family are not happy with their present rented house. They try to find out the reasons for it. They find the house too small for their needs because they are seven members and there are only two rooms to live in.

There is very little open space for drying clothes. The kitchen is also very small. Above all, the neighborhood is not very clean.
Hence, Rahul’s family wishes to change their house and preferably buy a house of their own. The underlying problem is that of their present house and selection of a new one.
However Rahul’s family should not overlook the benefits of the present house. Their present house is close to Rahul’s father’s office and Rahul and his sisters’ school. The market place is nearby and frequent trips can be easily made to buy things of day-to-day use. Yet, they are not happy with their present house. In the light of the above situation, keeping in mind the needs, desires and values of Rahul’s family, we should now help them to move to the next step of decision-making.

Step 2 – Find out information and possible courses of action: Rahul’s family should try and find out everything about the alternate houses available to them. The different localities and types of house (ie., flat or bungalow), number of rooms, feasibility and affordability of rent for a larger house versus owning a house, etc.

To find out all the information, the family can take the assistance of a property dealer and consult their friends and neighbours for advice and experience.
Ideally, Rahul’s family should explore all possible alternatives within the constraints of their resources, especially time, energy and money. This will also help them to set certain limits within which alternatives can be thought of.

Step 3 – Evaluation of alternate courses of action. To make it easy, Rahul’s family should consider two to three alternatives at a time and as one is rejected a new one should be added for consideration and evaluation.

Each alternative should be clearly analyzed for its consequences and ability to meet family goals and values. The desirable and undesirable consequences of an alternative should be considered to select the best choice.
At the end, Rahul’s family may decide to defer the purchase of their own house for the moment, as they do not have enough savings. Rahul’s father may already be paying the installments for their car, So, he cannot afford to buy the house on installments until the car payments are taken care of. Thus, the family may decide to continue to live in a new rented accommodation despite knowing that owning a house would be the best solution to frequent changing of houses and paying a monthly rent.

Step 4 – Selecting the best course of action. After looking at a number of houses Rahul’s family decides to select a three bedroom flat on the ground floor in a near by new locality which is very clean and well planned.

It has big houses, broad roads, a good market and is not very far from Rahul’s father’s office and the children’s school. This house has a lot of open space in front and back, so that their children can play freely, there is adequate space for drying clothes, and Rahul’s mother can also have a small kitchen garden.
The rent is affordable and Rahul’s father hopes that after paying off the car loan he can soon plan to save enough for making a down payment for a new house and pay off the remaining amount in easy installments. Thus, Rahul’s family is very happy in their new house.

Chapter 11 – Time and Energy Management

Q 22. What is work simplification? Write any six Methods of simplifying work.

Answer – Work simplification: Doing any work in a simple way by saving time and energy is called work simplification.

Six Methods of simplifying work are:

Keeping your work place organised : You are aware that while working if all the required things are kept within reach and at an appropriate height you are able to finish your work by spending less of your time and energy.

For example if you are cooking you would like that all the food stuffs, utensils and source of water are near the place where you are cooking. Also the height at which these things are kept or stored is appropriate. This means that while working you do not have to move often or stretch yourself every time you need a something.

Changing the work sequence: Work can be simplified if it is performed in a proper order.

For example, when you have to iron clothes it would be much quicker and easier if you sprinkled water on all the clothes before you start ironing. If you sprinkle water on one cloth and iron it, and then on the next and so on it takes much longer.

Using labour saving devices – Using washing machines, mixie, or a food processor for doing your work saves a lot of time and energy. You know now that if you were not using a washing machine to wash clothes you would have to do it manually. This would definitely require more energy and time. Use of a pressure cooker, peeler, chapati maker, spray gun, vaccum cleaner, etc., are some of the other examples of work simplification through use of labour having devices.
Dovetailing: Dovetailing is the process of combining two or more activitiesat the same time. This, way you can save both time and energy, e.g. after putting , water to boil for making tea, you can knead the dough, heat the milk or cut vegetables till the time the water boils.
Using ready-to-consume items – Instead of grinding fresh ginger and garlic spices, use their paste or powder, this saves time and energy. You can either bring these spices from the market or make them at home and keep them in the fridge. You can save even more time and energy by using pre-prepared foods. Using paper plates also saves time and energy compared to ordinary crockery.
Perfect your skills – If you practice and perfect a skill you will require less time and energy in doing that work. Besides this, you will also be able to get a better product. A tailor or anybody who has learned the skill of stitching can stitch clothes in a much better way and faster than an unskilled person.

Q 23. Explaining the types of fatigue, tell the ways to remove it.

Answer – Types of Fatigue,

Physiological Fatigue: It occurs after you perform any physical activity, such as, sweeping, mopping, running or walking. After perfuming these activities you feel physically tired because you have consumed all the available energy and some waste products have accumulated in the muscles. When you rest for some time, these waste products are removed from the muscles.
Psychological Fatigue – Sometimes you feel tired even without doing any work or doing very little work. In this type of fatigue, you remain restless and dissatisfied; you feel physical pain and feel like stopping work. This type of fatigue is called psychological fatigue because fatigue is not felt due to any physical reason.

Ways to Remove Fatigue:

It is very easy to remove physiological fatigue. All you need to do is:

Take rest briefly
Alternate light and heavy task
Using labor saving equipment.
Delegate some work to others
Make the work more interesting and work in groups instead of alone
Have a proper work place
Have proper equipment
Develop skill at work

Chapter 12 – Space Management

Q 24. Explain the importance of space management. Explain the relationship between space management and beauty.

Answer – Space management means assigning space to an activity and systematically arranging all the materials required for it.

The important aspects of space management are:

Allotting space for the activity
Making available on the spot all that is required for the activity

The relationship between space management and beauty are:

Whenever we are organising space for performing various activities, our aim should not only be that the center is functional but it should be attractive too. This is true for all the rooms in a house, including kitchen and bathroom. All rooms should be aesthetically appealing.

The size of the furniture – in accordance with the size of the work centre. Small and light furniture is desirable in a small room.
Organised look – the place looks tidy and attractive if things are stored away when not in use.
The arrangement of equipment, furniture, fixtures and other things – must not hinder the movement of the people.
The arrangement of furniture and equipment in a room – in accordance with the activities performed there.
Lighting – a well lit small room will appear bright and spacious as compared to a large poorly lit room.
In a one-room apartment, all the work areas should be so arranged that they can be distinguished from each other.
Colours – can also help to improve the work centre aesthetically. For example, dark and small rooms will appear bright and big if light colours are used, and the ceiling is painted white.
Placement of suitable decorative items and indoor plants – will add appeal to the room.

Q 25. Give suggestions to make the work centers more effective.

Answer – Suggestions to make the work centers more effective are:

Arrange work centres in a sequential order to assist in smooth flow of work. For example, in a kitchen, the order of work centres could be
Prepreparation, washing, cooking, and serving.
Have transparent storage containers or keep them properly labled.
Provide adequate lighting and ventilation in all work centres.
Make all work centres easy to clean and maintain.
As far as possible, prefer built-in storage to storage cabinets and cupboardsthat occupy floor space.

Chapter 13 – Income Management

Q 26. What is Income Management? Write methods of income management.

Answer – Income management: Income management is the planned and controlled use of the family income. The income needs to be spent in such a way that money is available for expenditure throughout the month. This process of distributing money over various items of expenditure is called income management.

Methods of income management are:

Planning the use of the family income: Make sure you keep away a part of your income as savings, while you plan your expenditure.

Controlling the use of the family income: You can control and keep a check on your expenditure in two ways:

Make sure that money is not wasted. For example , buy just the right quantity that is required by the family and avoid wastage. Buy from cooperative stores or wholesale markets, where things are cheaper, to save money.
Make use of your time, energy, skill and knowledge to cut your expenses. If the use of your income is well planned and controlled, your needs, as well as your desires, will be fulfilled.

There is no readymade plan for using money. Families with identical incomes will not necessarily have identical needs and desires.

For example , two families, each earning Rs.5000 per month will not be having the same needs and desires because one may be staying in a village and the other in a city. Their management of income will, therefore, be different, i.e. based on their own needs and desires.

Q 27. Explain the benefits of keeping records of income and expenditure.

The benefits of keeping records of income and expenditure .

Understand your expenses to know exactly how much is being spent and on what.
Check unnecessary spending – A look at the balance figure will remind you to spend only on what is really needed by your family.
Compare the expenditures of different months – if your expenses for this month are higher than last month you will know exactly where and why you have spent more.
Plan for the future – regular maintenance of accounts makes it easier for you to know how much money would be required for the various items in the future.
Be well informed of market trends – the rate column shows you when and how prices rise in the market.

Q 28. What is saving and describe some reasons for the need of saving.

Answer – Saving: Money from the present income that is put aside for emergency or future use is known as savings.

Need For Saving Are:

For a secure future: After retirement there may be no source of income or pension which is anyway much less than one’s regular monthly salary. The expenditure of the household remains more or less the same. Savings can help bridge the gap. One feels comfortable if one has some income from savings. This comfortable feeling will be felt even more by people in non-pensionable jobs, where the income becomes nil.
For meeting emergencies: Someone in your family may suddenly become seriously ill or may meet with an accident. In either case, the person may require immediate medical attention at home or in hospital.
Fulfillment of family’s goals: Savings are also required for fulfilling a family’s long term goals.

For example, some of the goals of your family may be to buy curtains, to provide fancy clothes for the family, to buy a house, a car or a tractor. The former two goals can be achieved fast, as not much expenditure would be required for them. To buy a house, car or tractor, you would need a large sum of money. You will have to gradually save for a number of years, to be able to buy any of these.

To raise the family’s standard of living: All of us always want to have more and better things for our house. Most of the articles which raise our standard of living, like washing machine or television, are expensive. Buying these articles from our monthly income may be difficult. You can start saving for them and buy them only when you have saved enough.
For starting a small business or for self-employment: You or any of your family members may want to start a small business. You need some capital or a lumpsum money to start with. Your accumulated savings will provide you the money needed.

Chapter 15 – Environment Management

Q29. Describe any four roles of Government in controlling environmental degradation.

Answer – Man has now become conscious of long-term effects of environmental degradation. Government plays an important role in controlling the degradation of the environment.

Four Roles Of Government In Controlling Environmental Degradation.

Ensure That All Industries Are Located Far Away From Cities
enforce strict laws for pollution control in industries as well as vehicles
ensure that all industries set up waste treatment plants
encourage the industries to link and reuse the wastes of each other, wherever possible, for example steel mills can use worn out parts of automobile industry.

Chapter 16 – Household Equipment

Q 30. Give eight guidelines for care and maintenance of household appliances.

Answer – Guidelines For Care And Maintenance Of Household Appliances are:

Do not touch any electrical equipment with wet hands or feet. If you get even a light electric shock from any equipment, do not use it again untill it has been repaired.
Make sure that the plug is tightly fixed in the socket and the wire is securely tightened with a 3-pin plug.
Do not wear synthetic clothes while working in the kitchen. Nylon catches fire easily, melt and sticks to the skin causing very deep burns.
Use pans with Bakelite or wooden handles. In case there are no handles, use a napkin or tongs to remove them from the stove or chullah. Never use your own dupatta or sari pallu for this purpose.
Thoroughly clean all household equipment after every use with due precautions. Wipe the outside surface of an equipment to prevent deposits of dust and grease.
For a kerosene stove, fill the tank upto about 2/3 rd level of the oil tank to avoid bursting of the tank. Do not refill kerosene oil in a cooking stove or a generator while they are on.
Immediately replace the cracked rubber tube of a LPG stove and the wornout, cut or exposed wires of electric equipment. The gasket of a pressure cooker also needs to be replaced if it becomes loose or hard.
Turn off the knob of a LPG cylinder whenever it is not in use to prevent leakage of gas. Carefully store equipment with sharp blades or edges so that their sharp ends do not cause any injury. For example , a knife should be stored vertically with its blade pointing down wards. When you pick up the knife for use, your hand will touch the handle first.

Q 31.Give suggestions to conserve fuel, electricity and water.

Answer – We need to conserve them to ensure that they are not exhausted and are available in the future too. We can also save money in this manner.

Clean the burner of your stove (gas/pressure/wick) regularly. Before cooking, allow frozen food to come to room temperature, as it will use less fuel to get cooked.
Soak pulses, dals and rice for sometime before cooking.
Always use a pressure cooker instead of an open pan as it will use less fuel. Try to cook as many things (eg. rice, dal, vegetables etc.) as possible at one time in the pressure cooker, using the separators.
If you are using the pressure cooker, lower the flame after the pressure is built in the cooker ie. after the first whistle. Cover the pan while cooking.
Allow hot food to come to room temperature before storing in the refrigerator. Use solar cookers for cooking to save fuel.
Electricity

You know that light is very important for all of us to see things properly. Lighting is available naturally, i.e., through sun and artificially by the use of electric bulbs/tubes. Electricity is a form of energy.

This is used in the home in two ways:

(1) To produce heat or light – using iron, toaster, immersion rod, light bulbs, etc.

(2) To produce movement by means of a motor ie. for running equipments likefans, coolers, refrigerators, mixer, grinder, etc.

You can conserve electricity by following very simple steps:

Avoid frequent opening of the refrigerator door.
Switch off all the lights and fans when you leave a room.
Use a low wattage tube light for general lighting in your bathroom, toilet, garden, etc.
Minimise the use of geyser, washing machine, mixer-grinder, etc.
Keep your electrical appliances in good working condition. If any part is defective, get it repaired immediately.

Everyone is familiar with the water shortage these days. It is very essential that not a single drop of water be wasted. Do you know how you can do this? Yes, there are a number of ways by which water can be conserved. The illustration in the figure It clearly indicates the amount of water each activity consumes.

The methods for conserving water:

Water used for washing clothes can be used for cleaning and mopping floorsin house especially the staircase and verandah.
Water used for washings fruits and vegetables can be used for wateringplants in the garden.
Bathing from water filled in a bucket consumes less water as compared to ashower bath.
Take water in a vessel for washing fruits and vegetables rather than washingthem under running water.
While brushing your teeth or washing face take water in a mug, rather thanusing a running tap.
Use a bucket and mug for watering the plants and washing your car insteadofusing a pipe.While filling the water cooler, do stand there, otherwise the water will overflow.

Chapter 17 – Consumer Education

Q 32. Define consumer? Explain the benefits of consumer education.

Answer – Consumers: Consumers are people who buy goods and services to satisfy their needs. A consumer is an individual or entity that purchases and uses goods or services to satisfy their personal needs or desires, contributing to the demand for products in the market.

The benefits of consumer education.

Develop the ability to decide and choose things intelligently,
Demand safe, reliable and good quality products at a reasonable price.
Be alert, well informed and vigilant against corrupt practices in the market.
Take suitable action when faced with a problem.

Q 33.What are the problems faced by the consumers while making purchases from the market?

Answer – The problems faced by the consumers while making purchases from the market are:

Price Variation
Prices are lower for the same product in wholesale markets as compared to retail markets.
Prices of packed products are higher than the price for the same product when sold loose. This is due to packaging charges in packed goods.
Maximum Retail Price (inclusive of all taxes), also called MRP, printed on the label of all products includes the commission of the seller. If he is ready to forgo a part of it, he sells the product at a price lower than the MRP to attract consumers and make them regular customers.
Adulteration and Poor Quality
Adulteration means addition of certain things or their removal from a product, thereby, lowering its quality.
Adulteration can also occur because of the use of poor quality raw materials or poor method of production or inappropriate storage of finished products.
Adulteration is usually intentional. Such products may be harmful for the health and safety of consumers. However, all low quality products may not necessarily be adulterated ones.
Non-availability – Hoarding and Black Marketing
Genuine and unavoidable reasons like off-season, lower production or less supply due to transporters strike or a natural calamity like drought or floods.
Artificially created reasons by traders to demand a higher price from you. This is due to hoarding or hiding of certain products and their sale in black market i.e. at unreasonably high prices to needy consumers.
Many times, when the manufacturers want to raise prices, they temporarily withhold the supply of their products from the market, thus causing artificial scarcity. Even in normal periods, when the sellers expect a rise in prices, they hoard products.
Defective Weights and Measures
Use of irregular weights like bricks or stones or hollow bottom of iron weights which weigh less than the actual weight,
Use the weighing balance with a wooden beam that does not remain horizontal when the pans are empty,
Pointers of weighing scale that do no rest at zero even when no weight is put on the pans, placement of a piece of magnet or cardboard under the pans of a weighing scale,
Deceptive Trade Practices
Packing of small goods in large packets and packing poor quality goods in stylish wrappers that cannot be opened for examining the products inside.
Use of brand names, labels and packaging similar to good quality popular products for low quality products.

Q 34. What do you understand by consumer protection laws? Explain.

Answer – Our government has passed certain laws to protect our rights as consumer. Under these laws any consumer with a genuine grievance can file a formal complaint against a trader and take him to court.

These laws are:

Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act: Under this Act, the AGMARK standardization mark is given by the Government to agricultural or farm produce (e.g. wheat flour, gram flour, honey, spices, ghee, etc). This law ensures that these products are tested for purity, graded according to their quality and packed suitably.
Drugs and Cosmetics Act: It regulates and ensures that only standard quality medicines and cosmetics are sold in the market with a proper cash memo or bill.
Prevention of Food Adulteration Act: This law protects the consumer against adulterated and spoilt food stuff.
Essential Commodities Act: As per this Act, the Government ensures that all the goods and services essential to life are available in the market at a reasonable price. The Government list of essential commodities includes items like cereals, pulses, sugar, raw jute, cotton and woollen textiles, medicines, paper, coal, petrol and petroleum products, iron, steel, cattle fodder, etc.
Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act: This act protects consumers from being exploited by unfair trade practices like giving false or misleading statement and advertisements, sale of substandard products, hoarding and blackmarketing. It also prevents traders from conducting any contest or lottery with no intention of giving the promised prizes.
Standards of Weights and Measures Act: This Act prevents the use of non-standard weights and measures. It makes it compulsory for all products to bear a detailed label. You will learn about labels later.

Chapter 18 – Growth and Development (0-5)

Q 35. Mention the factors affecting growth and development.

Answer – The Factors Affecting Growth And Development.

Heredity – It is the process by which the features and characteristics are passed from parents to the child before the child is born. Thus features like the colour of the skin and eyes, the height, body build, intellect and talents, etc., are all fixed and no one can change them beyond a limit.
Prenatal environment – This is the environment of the foetus in the womb. If the mother gets poor nutrition, is emotionally upset or smokes, drinks, or takes some medicine or suffers from certain diseases, the growth of the child can be adversely affected.
Nutrition – Proper nutrition is essential for the healthy development of the child. A malnourished child’s growth may be retarded or slow.
Intelligence – Higher intelligence is associated with faster development while lower intelligence is associated with retardation in various aspects of development.
Emotional climate of home – If there is a lot of discord/fights at home or the child is not given enough love and attention or there is physical/ mental abuse of the child, then the child’s development is adversely affected.
Health of the child – If the child frequently falls sick, suffers from some disorder, is disabled or has disturbed endocrine functioning, the development is likely to suffer.
Level of stimulation – The amount of stimulation the environment provides to the child i.e., the opportunities for exploration of environment, opportunities of interaction with other people, etc., all influnence the rate of development.
Socio-economic status – It also influences the development by deciding the kind of nutrition, stimulation, facilities, opportunities, genetic endowment the child gets.

Q 36. Write the causes and solutions of behavioral problems in children.

Young children often demonstrate behaviours which are inappropriate. For example , a child may be in a habit of hitting everybody else, breaking things, abusing/telling lies, etc. These are behaviours which not only harm children physically but also make them unpopular with other children.

Causes of behavioral problems in children are:

When children live in an environment which forbids any self-expression they pick up behaviours which are unacceptable.
When parents and teachers expect too much from children and they are not able to keep upto expectations, they show unacceptable behaviour.
Often children learn that unacceptable behaviours are tools to get what they want.
When family environment is disturbed, children start showing unacceptable behaviour, eg., when parents quarrel with each other, they hit each other or when their mothers and grandmothers do not get along with each other.
When there is a crisis in the child’s life. Children show unacceptable behaviours on birth of another sibling, the death of a beloved member of the family.
Children may also develop unacceptable behaviours because physically they are not able to cope up. This happens when they have had a long illness or when they fall sick too frequently.

Solutions Of Behavioral Problems In Children Are:

The caregivers at the playcentre have to be alert and understanding. whenever there is a child who shows unacceptable behaviour they must act immediately. Since, very often the cause of the behaviour originates from home they must ask for cooperation of the parents, understand the problem and develop a strategy which helps to cure the problem. Punishing and scolding or ridiculing will not help.

Chapter 19 – Growth and Development (6-11)

Q 37. Describe the physical development during middle childhood.

Answer – Boys and girls gain height suddenly but at different ages. From about 2 ½ to 3 years to 10 years, children (both boys and girls) gain about 5-7cms in height and about 2-3kg weight every year.

Physical Development During Middle Childhood Are:

Development of Teeth, Bones and Muscles:
Teeth: By the time a child is 3 years old, the child has 20 teeth and these are the milk teeth. But by the time the child is in middle childhood, he/she has 28 teeth and these are all permanent teeth. An adult has 32 teeth.
Bones: By middle childhood, all the bones in the body are formed and henceforth, these continue to grow in size and strength. Bones become brittle when there is too much calcium in them and they break easily. During middle childhood, there is sufficient calcium in the bones to make them strong.

Muscles and Fat : All bones are covered with fat and muscles. Girls have more fat around their bones than muscles. At seven to eight years, girls start to gain more fat than muscles on their arms, legs and trunk, whereas boys have more of muscles than fat. This is why they have more strength. Boys can generally run longer distances, jump higher, etc.

Q 38. Explain briefly the factors that influence social development in childhood.

Social development: Social development involves not only learning to behave in asocially approved manner but also developing the ability to get along with others.

social development refers to a child’s ability to adjust to thesocial surroundings i.e., home, playmates, school, etc. This means that certain people like parents, playmates of the same age group, teachers at school, influence the social development.

The factors that influence social development in childhood are:

i) Parents: Middle childhood is the stage where children develop self confidence and acquire self-esteem. Confident parents provide better opportunity to children to be confident. Parents who accept their children “as they are” andlove them, help the child to develop self-confidence.
Such parents lay down clear rules for the children. They praise their children for the good things they do and usually do not punish them for their wrong doings.
If the child does anything wrong, they try to explain why it is wrong. In other words, they adopt a democratic method of disciplining the children.
ii) Peer Group: Peer group refers to the playmates of the same age group. Peer group plays an important role in helping fellow mates develop socio-emotional skills . For example, children come to know from each other that all parents have high expectations from their children.

If one child falters, she knows that others also do/can falter. In other words, peer group offers a platform for children to compare.

From the peer group, children also come to know that all parents guide, dictate and scold. They learn that no child gets a free hand in doing whatever she/he wishes to do.
Thus, peer group provides comfort and emotionalsecurity that adults cannot. Children learn from their peers to keep parents happy and thus, master the skill of getting along in society.

iii) School: School also plays an important role in the socio-emotional development of children. Teachers encourage students to do well. When they praise the children for things done well and scold them for bad/poor performance, they are helping children to develop.

For example, everyone can not be good at sports or at drawing or at needlework. Every child cannot stand first in class. But every child is good at doingsomething or the other. Teachers praise and encourage children to do betterin whatever task they are good at.

Chapter 20 – Adolescence

Q 39. What is adolescence? List the following physical changes that occur in boys and girls during adolescence.

Answer – Adolescence: Adolescence is the period of development between childhood and adulthood. A boy or girl enters adolescence as a child and emerges as a man or woman, expected to be ready to assume an adult role in the society. For everybody, the years 11 to 18 are the most eventful. During these years there is rapid physical and sexual growth and maturation.

The physical changes that take place during adolescence are as follows:

Q 40.Describe the role of parents, peers and teachers in the life of adolescents.

Answer – The role of parents, peers and teachers in the life of adolescents are:

Role of Parents: During this period, the adolescents want independence from their parents and yet they are dependent on them for their needs.

Parents who give more freedom to the adolescent as he or she grows and at the same time take interest and responsibility for adolescent’s decisions, encourage the adolescent to become more independent and responsible.
Parents who are very strict and who play the role of an authority figure, i.e., who do not let the adolescent take any decision on her own, seriously hamper the adolescent’s ability to be independent.
On the other hand if parents are indifferent, i.e., who leave the with their adolescents problems and do not interact with them, have children who grow up with indifferent attitudes.

Role of Peers:

During adolescence, most often between the ages of 14 to 16, there is a gradual shift from parents to peer group (same agemates).

Everybody is going through the same conflicts and problems.
The general feeling is that the peers understand them more than their parents.
It is during adolescence, that the individual learns how to interact with members of the opposite sex. The peer group provides this opportunity for interaction.
All adolescents feel it is very important to talk, walk, speak, dress and generally behave like their peer group does. This is often called the “peer culture”

Role of School And Teachers:

School is a major institution, other than the family, which is responsible for teaching a number of social as well as academic skills to the adolescence.
If the school discipline is not very harsh and the student’s point of view is respected, the adolescent is more likely to enjoy academic work.
When the teachers are properly trained, warm and enthusiastic and recognize the hidden talents of the students, they bring out the best in the adolescent which makes them feel very good about themselves.

Chapter 21 – Concerns and Issues in Human Development

Q 41. What are juvenile delinquencies? Explain the causes for juvenile delinquency.

Answer – Juvenile delinquency means acts of violation of law by the young people (a boy below sixteen years and a girl below eighteen years) who as a rule cannot be punished by the law.

Causes for juvenile delinquency Are:

Poverty is one of the major causes of juvenile delinquency. Poor children do not have adequate facilities and comforts of life.
They find stealing and robbery an easy means to get the facilities. So the young people indulge in thefts, robbery, etc. Sometimes because of poverty, parents also encourage their children to take up such activities.
young people pick up activities like stealing, telling lies, breaking window panes, etc., in order to influence the leaders of their group. Later on these become habits.
Regular fights among parents is yet another reason for this problem. When parents quarrel with each other their voices are raised. Children do not understand these fights and get scared. The fight brings a feeling of insecurity in them.

Causes of juvenile delinquency

Q 42. What is AIDS? Write the symptoms of AIDS.

Answer – AIDS is a condition caused by a virus called HIV that causes damage to the immune system of the body.HIV/AIDS cannot be diagnosed on the basis of one sign or symptom. All the symptoms of AIDS can be the symptoms of other diseases too. Only after proper examination and test HIV infection can be diagnosed.

AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is called-

Symptoms of AIDS are:

Persistent fatigue
Severe weight loss (by at least 10% of the body weight)
Night sweat
Fever lasting several weeks, and
Persistent diarrhoea lasting over one month.

Common manifestations of a person with AIDS are:

Swollen lymph glands usually in the armpits, neck and groin region;
White spots inside the mouth, throat or on the tongue caused by fungal
Red, brown, pink or purplish blotches on or under the skin, inside themouth, nose or eyelids;
Tuberculosis (T.B.)

Chapter 22 – Introduction to Fabric Sciences

Q 43. What is fabric science? On what basis are fibers classified?

Answer – A study of all the aspects of a fabric is called fabric science and it explains the behavior of a fabric under different conditions. fabric science is important as it helps us to understand a fabric better.

Classification of Fibres

(A) Natural Fibres –

Mineral Fibres – Natural fibres obtained from the minerals are called mineral fibres, eg. Asbestos. It is used by firefighters as clothes because it is fireproof. Natural fibres are usually staple fibres with the exception of silk which is a filament fibre.

(b) Manmade Fibres : There is another class of fibres called the manmade fibres. As the name suggests these fibres are not obtained directly from nature but made by using chemicals.

Manmade fibres are of two types:

Regenerated fibres: These are made from natural raw material eg., cellulose, (waste cotton fibres or wood pulp) or protein depending upon the fibre to be made. This natural raw material is regenerated with the help of chemicals. Rayon is a regenerated cellulose fibre.
Synthetic fibres: Synthetic fibres are obtained from chemical substances and are totally synthetic in nature, e.g., Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic (Cashmilon). Manmade fibres are generally filament fibres. they can always be cut in to small pieces to form staple fibre, if required.

Chapter 23 – Yarn and it’s construction

Q 44. What is yarn? Describe the properties and types of yarn.

Answer – Yarn: Yarn is an assemblage of fibres twisted together. Both, staple and filament fibres are used to make yarn.

Features of yarn

Properties of yarn also have an effect on the behaviour of the fabric.The two important properties of a yarn are its fineness and the amount of twist it has. These two properties of the yarn are related to each other. More the twist in a yarn, the finer, smoother and stronger it is.
The more you pull out the fibres and twist them, finer the yarn becomes. However, if a yarn is highly twisted it gives the fabric a crinkled effect. Such high twist yarns are called crepe yarns and are mainly used to make fabrics for dupattas.

Types of yarn are:

On the basis of their structure, yarns are broadly classified into three types:

Simple Yarns
Complex/Novelty Yarns
Textured Yarns
Simple Yarns: A yarn which is smooth and uniform and evenly twisted is called a simple yarn. It is commonly used for making fabric like poplin and cambric. Simple yarns are further classified into three types.

(i) A simple single yarn is an assemblage of fibres evenly twisted together.

(ii) A Simple Ply yarn is made of two or more singles evenly twisted together. If the ply has two singles it is called a 2-ply and so on. This type of yarn is foundin a 2 by 2 rubia fabric. It has 2 ply yarns in both directions of the fabric.

3 ply yarns or 4 ply yearns are also available.

iii) A simple cord yarn is made of two or more ply yarns twisted together. To see a cord yarn, take a clothes line used for drying clothes and untwist it.

2) Complex/Novelty Yarns: A yarn which makes a fabric is not always smooth and uniform. Just unravel a ‘Khadi’ fabric and see the yarns that make it.these yarns are not even, but are thick in some places and thin in the other.

Complex yarns are the uneven yarns which may be thick and thin or have curls, loops, twists and even differently coloured areas along their length.
Due to this fancy look of the yarns they are used to add interesting effects in fabrics. Like simple yarns, the complex yarns may also be single or ply.

3) Textured Yarns: When you unravel a sweater, you find that the yarn which was straightwhen you knitted has now become curly. This yarn can now be called a textured yarn. Texturizing is a treatment usually given to a manmade filament, after which it becomes curly or acquires some forms of loops, coils or crimp.

Q 45. How is yarn made from filament fibers? Define blended yarn.

Answer – Making yarn from long fibers:

The filament yarns are spun by the chemical spinning process.
The chemical spinning process is similar to this. A spinning solution of the raw materials is made and passed through the holes of a spinnerette (looks like a bathroom shower).
The solution solidifies into thread like form called the filament fibre. These filament fibres are twisted together to form a strong and fine yarn.

Blended yarn. “The yarn made by mixing one or more types of fibers is called mixed yarn.”

When yarn is spun, two types of fibers are mixed and the good qualities of both are obtained in a single cloth. Terrycot is made by mixing cotton fibers with terylene (polyester). Terrycot fabric has the comfort of cotton and the easy maintenance properties of terylene (polyester). Similarly, wool and terysilk can be made by mixing wool and silk fibers with terylene.

Commonly Available Blended Fabrics

Chapter 24 – Fabric Construction

Q 46. Describe the process of weaving.

Answer – Weaving Process:

The weaving process is done by loom or loom, but nowadays power loom is being used to speed up the weaving process.
In the process of weaving the warps are laid parallel to each other. Then some threads are lifted by hand or any other device and others are allowed to remain in their previous position.
The weft is taken out by the shuttle from the middle of the warp divided into two parts and one step of weaving is completed.
By leaving one warp and picking up another one to weave, a simple weave cloth is obtained.
To make the weave strong and dense, the weft is beaten with a comb-like instrument called a reed.

. Q 47. Explain the difference between Weaving and Knitting.

Answer – The difference between Weaving and Knitting.

Chapter 25 – Textile Finishes

Q 48. What is finishing? Why is it necessary to finish clothes?

Answer – finishing: A finish is anything that is done to a fabric after weaving or knitting, tochanges its appearance, hand and performance.

Finishing clothes is necessary because –

When cotton fabric is finished, it becomes shinier, stronger and shrink-free when washed.
Finishes make the fabric soft or tough, water or stain resistant, colored or designed.
Most of the clothes that we bsuy from shops are smooth, clean and neat. This happens because of the finishing done on the clothes.

Q 49. Explain the steps of textile dyeing.

Steps of dyeing fabrics are:

Garment dyeing: Sometimes, after stitching the garment, there is a need to dye it, for example , dupattas for suits are dyed after making.

Q 50. What is block printing?

Answer – Block printing: A sample is engraved and marked on a wooden plate. This stamp is dipped in a thick colored solution and applied on the cloth and the design is imprinted on it. It is also called block printing or stamp printing. The same process can also be done with the help of items available at home, you can create many interesting models with your imagination.

Chapter 26 – Selection of Textiles and Clothing

Q 51. – Describe the factors influencing the choice of clothes.

Answer – The clothes are influenced by several factors such as climate, age, occassion, activity and occupation.

Age: Clothes worn by an adult–woman are definitely not the same as those worn by a college going girl. Similarly, men will prefer to wear light and comfortable clothes rather than fashionable ones.

Q 52. Describe the malpractices by traders on customers.

The malpractices by traders on customers are:

Giving lesser quantity and/or poor quality of the product: Four meters of fabric bought for a suit often turns out to be 3.80 meters when you measure it. The retailer who does this either uses a short measuring rod or stretches the fabric while measuring it.
Cheating on price: Traders charge more than the price displayed on the item or on the packet containing goods. They name some tax and add it to the price printed on to the lable. They may pick up some word on the label, eg., ‘silk finish’ and charge extra for it.
Selling defective goods: There are many places where traders sell materials of seconds as fresh and charge the price of fresh products.
Providing false, misleading and incomplete labels and markings: When you buy fabric for curtains, the marking should tell about light fastness. If it does not, then it is incomplete information. Similarly, the terms used should be meaningful and not misleading. The information provided should be correct. The information provided on the label on a garment is often quite vague and incomplete .

Q 53. What are the things to be kept in mind while buying readymade clothes?

Answer – The things to be kept in mind while buying readymade clothes are:

Workmanship: Workmanship means the constructional details. So, look at the wrong side of the dress. Pull one end of the seam to check the durability. All seams should be double. Seams should be finsihed. There should not be any puckers in the seams. Check the fasteners and zippers by opening and closing. There should be enough seam allowance. No raw edges should be visible. Pipings, facings, etc., should be neatly done.

Q 54. State the steps of washing clothes.

Answer – The steps of washing clothes are:

Mending: Articles to be laundered are first examined carefully for any tears, or missing or loose buttons. They need to be stitched before washing.
Stain removal: If there are some stains or marks of discolouration otherthan the dirt present on the articles, they should be removed or they mightspread, get fixed or stain other fabrics in washing.
Sorting: Articles to be washed should be sorted out on the basis of the fibre type i.e., cotton, woolens, silks, and synthetics; whites should be washed separately from coloured ones. Also, very dirty articles like dusters should be washed separately from cleaner clothes.
Soaking: Soaking helps to loosen the dirt from the fabrics, and this makes washing easier. All fabrics cannot/ need not be soaked. For example, clothes which do not have fast colour should not be soaked. Woolens are not soaked because soaking leads to felting.
Washing: Clothes are now washed using appropriate detergent/soap and also the right method of washing. Process of washing helps in releasing the dirt from the fabric.
Rinsing: All soap/detergent and/or chemicals used must be removed from the fabric. Hence clothes are rinsed 2-3 or 4 times using fresh water every time.
Starching and/bluing: Clothes must be starched if they need to be starched and also blued to return their whiteness.
Drying: Clothes are dried differently. White clothes are dried in sun and colored clothes are dried in shade. Silk, white or colored, are dried in shade. Synthetics are dried on hanger and in shade. Woolens are dried in shade and flat on the floor.
Ironing and Pressing: The last step of laundering is ironing. Clothes are ironed according to the nature of the fabric. Cottons are sprinkled with water and ironed using hotiron – Silks are brought in while damp and ironed with hot iron. Synthetics and rayons are ironed with moderately hot iron. Woolens are pressed with hot iron but over a damp muslin.

Q 55. Explain the difference between soap and detergent.

Answer – Difference Between Soap And Detergent.

Q 56. How are spots identified? What precautions should be taken while getting rid of stains.

Answer – Steps to identify a stain are:

a) Colour: Every stain has a specific colour, for example, curry and pickle are yellow while coffee and tea stains are brown, grass stain is green.
b) Smell: Some stains have a peculiar smell eg, stains of eggs or paints. These stains can be recognized by the smell.
c) Feel: Some stains also change the feel of the fabric and can be recognized on that basis. For example: paint or sugar syrup makes the fabric stiff to touch, whereas lipstick or shoe polish make the fabric feel slippery.

Precautions While Removing Stains Are:

As far as possible, remove the stain when it is fresh.
Find out whether the stained fabric is cotton, wool, silk, or synthetic .
Try to identify the stain. For unknown stains, start the stain removal with a simple process and then move on to a complex one.

Always wash the stain with cold water first as protein stains like blood and egg coagulate with hot water and became difficult to remove.

Chemicals used should not damage the fabric.
For delicate and/or coloured fabrics try out the chemical on a small portion of the fabricfirst. In case the fabric is damaged do not use it.
Repeated use of a milder reagent is better than a one-time use of a strong reagent.
Wash all fabrics with soapy solution at the end to remove all traces of chemical from it.
Dry fabrics in the sun as sunlight acts as a natural bleach.

Q 57. Which methods are used to remove stains of henna, blood and lipstick?

Different methods are used to remove stains of henna, blood and lipstick

Removing Mehndi Stain:

Soak the fresh spot in lukewarm milk for half an hour.
Soak the old stain in lukewarm milk for half an hour, repeat this method 2 or 3 times.

Removing blood stains:

Wash the fresh stain with cold water and soap.
Wash the old stain with salt water (2 tablespoons of salt + 1/2 bucket of water).

Removing lipstick stains:

Scrape off excess fresh stain. Rub lightly with kerosene or spirit.
Scrape off the excess stain from the old stain. Lightly rub with kerosene oil or spirit, repeat the same method 2 or 3 times.

Q 58. List the precautions to be taken while storing clothes.

Answer – The Precautions To Be Taken While Storing Clothes.

Empty out pockets and brush the garments thoroughly in order to free them from dust.
Always sun and air the garments which have been worn before storing.
Do not let garments become too dirty before laundering or dry cleaning.
Do not store any damp clothes as moisture causes mildew. You must have seen that clothes have changed colour when taken out from closets and this is the reason for it.
All textiles should be protected from insects. This can be done by using repellents like tobacco, dried neem, camphor, moth balls, etc.
Woollens can be packed in newspapers as the moth dislikes printer’s ink. Boxes may be lined and covered with paper. Even driedreem leaves, sandal-wood dust, dry eucalyptus leaves are good as long as the odour lasts.

Chapter 28 – Introduction to Housekeeping

Q 59. Describe the duties of housekeeping staff in commercial establishments.

Answer – The duties of housekeeping staff in commercial establishments

Housekeeper: The housekeeper is the overall in-charge of the housekeeping department. He or she directly controls all the personnel as well as all aspects of housekeeping. She/he is responsible for the cleanliness, beautification and maintenance of the premises.
Assistant housekeeper: he or she is responsible for all the aspects similar to that of the housekeeper. In case the organization works round-the-clock, there maybe more than one assistant housekeeper to work in different shifts.

Housekeepers / assistant housekeepers are in turn assisted by the following members. These members also have workers to assist them.

Control desk supervisor: this person communicates with the staff and coordinates with various departments of the organization. He becomes the centre point of all messages, complaints etc., and also keeps records of what work has been assigned to whom and maintains the general follow-up of the same.
Linen storekeeper: He/She is responsible for storage, issue, cleanliness and maintenance of linen. (Napkins, table cloths, bed sheets, bed covers, pillow covers, blankets, curtains and uniforms)
Floor supervisor: For multistoried buildings, each floor is attended by a floor supervisor. He/ she is responsible for the cleanliness and maintenance of the assigned floor which includes rooms, corridors, rest rooms, stair case, etc., for jobs like changing or repairing lights, switches, etc.
Public area supervisor: He/She is responsible for cleanliness and maintenance of waiting halls, lobby, conference/seminar room, recreation rooms, parking area, clubs, offices, etc.
Cloak room in-charge: He/She is responsible for the maintenance and service of common toilets.
Hotriculturist: He/ She is responsible for all the floral and plant decoration as well as the upkeep of gardens in the premises.
Skilled workers : Skilled workers like plumbers, electricians, carpenters, painters are needed to do minor repairs. There may be a separate department for maintenance and engineering work and the housekeeping can coordinate with it to do these jobs.

Q 60. What things should employees working in housekeeping keep in mind?

Answer – Things should employees working in housekeeping keep in mind are:

Be fresh, well groomed and clean, not half asleep or unkempt in appearance while reporting on duty.
Have their hair neatly cut and tied properly.
Have nails neatly trimmed.
Dress in simple, clean and well ironed clothes.
Avoid rings or other jewellery
Use light makeup, in case of women.
Use footwear that is light, without heels and noiseless
Be healthy and not suffer from any skin disease, colds, etc
Avoid bad habits such as nail biting, leg shaking, sitting on work Table, spitting, chewing pan, smoking, etc.
Bathe daily.

Chapter 29 – Cleaning and Cleaning Materials

Q 61. Kavita’s mother has gone out for some work, Kavita has to do daily cleaning, how should she do the cleaning?

The normal process of daily cleaning is:

Once you enter the room, open all windows in order to let the fresh air come in.
Remove all unwanted articles like tea cups etc., and empty ash trays and dust bins.
Sweep the floor, Dust all surfaces including furniture and fixtures.
Brush or vacuum clean the carpet.
Mop the whole area.
Replace linen wherever required, like in a bedroom, make the bed, in a restaurant cover the tables, in bathrooms, check for towels, soaps etc.
Adjust windows, do a general survey to see that everything is in order and to your satisfaction.

Similarly the kitchen can also be cleaned in the same way.

Collect all used utensils from the counters.
Wipe and clean the gas stove, electrical appliances and the counters.
Wash all utensils. Drain and store.
Sweep the floor.
Empty the dustbin, wash, wipe and line it with newspaper.
Mop or wash the kitchen with a mild disinfectant.

Chapter 30 – Maintenance of Premises

Q 62 – Write the maintenance and precautions of walls and floors.

The maintenance and precautions of walls

The maintenance and precautions of floor are:

Q 63. Write the steps to replace three pin plug.

Answer – The steps to replace three pin plug are:

Unscrew the main screw placed in the middle of the plug.
Unscrew the small screws on each of the three wires and pull them out.
If needed, expose the inside wires by scraping the outer plastic coating witha blade or a sharp knife.
Replace with a new plug, put positive in one screw band and negative in theother screw band, parallel to it. Tighten the screws. Make sure the two do not touch each other.
Put the neutral wire in the lower screw band and tighten the screw.
Put the cover and tighten the main screw.

Q 64. Pankaj has purchased a new room cooler. Suggest Pankaj how to maintain the room cooler?

Answer – Suggestions for the repair of the room cooler:

The cabinet must be well cleaned before installation and also periodically, when in use. If it is made of iron, it should be painted to avoid rusting.
The cooling pads, which are made of grass wool or ‘khus-khus’ should be changed every summer.
Pump and the fan must be lubricated before summer.
The water inlet in the pump should be covered with a filter, usually wiremesh, to prevent the entry of grass wool or ‘khus-khus’ particles, which may clog the water pipe.
Care should be taken that the water is always above the minimum level, otherwise the pump will be damaged.
Whenever water is being filled in cooler, make sure that the electricity supply is switched off.

Chapter 31 – Aesthetics at Home

Q 65. To enhance the beauty of the house, write two such activities, which increase the beauty of the house.

Answer – To enhance the beauty of the house, two such activities, which increase the beauty of the house are:

Flower Decoration
Collection of materials

First you need to collect materials such as flower vase, pin holder or oasis, freshor artificial flowers, green leaves, twigs etc.

Normally odd numbers of flowers are used in any arrangement. You can use as less as three flowers (as in case of ikebana- a Japanese art of flower arrangement). You should choose flowers of varying sizes.
You can also use natural looking, artificial flowers with fresh leaves to give a natural look. Use of fresh green leaves besides adding beauty and giving background to the flowers, can help the arrangement to resemble nature.
Pin holders are iron nails fitted on to a heavy metal base. These should be closely spaced, rust free and should be long enough to hold stems of flowers and leaves.
Leaves are used to fill up space between flowers and should be washed if dirty. Trim off unwanted, wilted and brown leaves. Some foliage can be used instead of flowers.
Method of flower arrangement
Decide the shape of flower arrangement. It can be a triangle, right angle, oval, S shaped etc.
Choose five flowers of different sizes in one colour. You can also experiment with contrasting flowers or with flowers which compliment each other.
Pluck flowers early in the morning, before they mature. All cutting and nipping should be done under water.
Cut the stems of flowers at different lengths. The tallest branch should be cutto the length which is at least 1 ½ times the width of the vase.
Floor Decorations

In earlier days, people used to decorate floors by making different designs with the help of various colours and flower petals. They also used powders like rice or maida. This traditional method of decoration is still prevalent and is known as ‘Alpana’ or ‘Rangoli’. Rangolis are generally made on the doorsteps, courtyard or verandah of the house.

There are certain points you should keep in mind while making rangoli / alpana.

Select design according to the theme of the festival/occasion.
Draw the design in double lines so that colour/material can be filled in-between.
Ensure uniformity and balance.
Use contrasting colors next to each other.
While filling, use a scale to neaten the outlines.
Fill the background, so that the design looks part of the floor.

Q 66. Describe the basic principles of flower arrangement.

Answer – The basic principles of flower arrangement are:

The size of the flower arrangement should be proportionate to the room or other articles in the room like the table on which it is kept, other decorative articles in the room etc. The plant material should be proportionate to the size of the container. A large flower would look odd in a small vase and vice versa. The flower material should be 1 ½ times higher than the height of the flower vase.
The whole arrangement should be balanced. It should neither be top heavy nor lopsided.

Top-heavy, lop sided flower arrangement

Your eyes should be able to travel easily round the whole design and should not stop moving. For this, the basic shape, colour, texture should be repeated at intervals. For example, if curved plant material is used then combine it with a curved container. This can also be achieved if you arrange flowers at different heights.
Flowers of different sizes should be placed gradually from fully bloomed to buds.
Keep the stem ends close together. This would give the arrangement a natural look.

Flower arrangement

The plant material should look more important than the vase. All parts of flowers should not attract equal attention. Larger, bright flowers always attract the eye, so too many different colored flowers should not be put in the same arrangement. Instead, some small and dull colour flowers can be put along with brightly colored flowers.
To emphasize the shape of twigs, flowers should either be placed higher or lower than the curves of twigs. Allow space around each flower.
The flowers, leaves and vases should harmonize and complement each other.

Share this post

Team Manish Verma

राजनीतिक शासन प्रणालियां

राजनीतिक शासन प्रणालियां लोकतांत्रिक शासन प्रणालीलोकतांत्रिक शासन प्रणाली सहमति पर आधारित... read more

Nios class 12th home science most important question with answer hindi medium

प्रश्न 1- हमारे शरीर में अधिकतर संक्रमण हाथों के माध्यम से... read more

जिला न्यायालयों की संरचना -Structure of District Courts

जिला न्यायालयजिला न्यायालय, ट्रायल कोर्ट होते हैं। जिला न्यायालय... read more

ग्रामशी, इटली के प्रसिद्ध साम्यवादी विचारक हैं

ग्रामशी (1891-1937)ग्रामशी, इटली के दार्शनिक 'क्रोचे' से प्रभावित था। ग्रामशी ने, The... read more

Nios Class 10th Home Science Solved Previous Year Question Paper in Hindi Medium

प्रश्न 1- गुड़ का अच्छा स्रोत क्या है ?... read more

तुलनात्मक राजनीति के अध्ययन के उपागम

तुलनात्मक राजनीति के अध्ययन के उपागम तुलनात्मक राजनीतिः अर्थ एवं उपागम... read more

Nios Class 10th Business Studies (215) Very Very Important Questions with Solutions

Download Full PDF read more

Nios Class 12th Mass Communication (335) Most Important Question with Answers

अध्याय - 1 संचार – एक परिचय प्रश्न 1. व्यक्ति को मानवीय संचार... read more

Nios Class 12th Sociology Solved Previous Year Question Paper in English Medium

Section-A Define positivism.Ans. Positivism is the Sociological school where phenomena are... read more

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 : Are you a 10th-grade student? Are you enrolled in NIOS’s 10th grade? You are in the right place if your response is yes. You can find all the details about the NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 in this post (TMA- Tutor Marks Assignments).

For your final exams in the 10th grade, we will also give you access to online solved assignments for every subject (Hindi, English, Social Science, Science, Mathematics, Punjabi, Sanskrit, etc.). These assignments have been provided by us. All around India, you can find assignments in both Hindi and English.

1.1 NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Assignment Paper 2022-23
1.2 Deadline for Submitting NIOS Assignments
2.1 NIOS 10th Class Assignment Preparation
2.2 Is it Compulsory to submit the Assignments ?
2.3 Important Points
2.4 Related

We will give you access to the assignments, project work, tutor-marked assignments, solutions, or questions’ answers in pdf format. These assignments are available for download. You must then compose these assignments by hand in your own handwriting. We will also provide you tasks that are written by hand if you request them.

GET Handwritten – Click Here

WhatsApp – 8130208920

NIOS Official Site Link

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 : The largest open board in India is NIOS. You can use this board to complete your secondary or senior school coursework. The National Institute of Open Schooling, also known as NIOS, has a TMA regulation. To assist the learner in succeeding, it has devised a number of tactics. TMA is one among these methods. Tutor Marked Assignments is what is meant here. This TMA should be chosen by a student. This is a check-in on the student’s academic progress that NIOS organises. It is a form of self evaluation. It is crucial to open and distance learning (ODL). Each subject only has a single assignment. These TMAs must be turned in by the deadline.

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Assignment Paper 2022-23

Deadline for submitting nios assignments.

The deadline for submitting TMAs for the March/April 2023 exam has passed.

TMA – By Learner Centers to Study – January 31
TMA – Feedback from the Subject Teacher to the Learner – Due on February 15, 2023
TMA – By Learners to Centers of Study – July 31
TMA – 15th August Feedback from the Subject Teacher to the Learner

Deadline for TMA submission for the March/April 2023 exam session

TMA – By Learners to Study Centers – January 31, 2019

For the October/November 2023 exam, TMA – Feedback by the Subject Teacher to the Learner – February 15, 2023

TMA – By Students to Study Centers – July 31
TMA – Feedback from the Subject Instructor to the Learner – August 15

The advantages of TMA’s questions in NIOS TMA are the same as the ones on your exams. You must answer these queries at home. This is comparable to a project or home research assignment. You must first thoroughly research your subject. You can then start writing your assignments. The following are some advantages of TMAs:

It aids students in assessing their understanding and development.
It aids him in establishing consistent study habits.
It aids in the students’ thorough understanding of the subject matter and aids in their achievement on yearly exams.
These TMAs assist in developing remedial instruction strategies for PCPs (Personal Contact Programmes)

Here is the brief information about tutor marks assignments-

Date and Schedule of Submission of Assignments

NIOS 10th Class Assignment Preparation

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 : These are some of the key instructions for creating NIOS Assignments . Please read the following information carefully to learn how TMAs are created:

Please do the necessary planning before tackling any questions in your TMA. Carefully read all of the directions. Carefully read the assignment. Additionally, review the modules from where the questions were posed. Make a note of some key details pertaining to each of the questions. Answers focus more on the Introduction and Conclusion of the question-answers in essay-style questions.

The majority of educators who review the assignments have read the introduction first. If the introduction leaves a favourable impression, people will read the remainder of the response. And they provide reliable figures for this kind of response. The specified topic must be interpreted in your introduction section.

The key components of your response must be enumerated in the conclusion section.

You can write down the final version of your assignments whenever you have finished and are happy. Each word needs to be written clearly and neatly. The most crucial details should always be highlighted by italicising them. We suggest writing your assignment by hand and turning it in.

Is it Compulsory to submit the Assignments ?

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 : This is a question that a lot of students are considering. If you’re wondering the same thing, then YES is the answer. Each NIOS student is required to produce and turn in assignments. Your teacher should receive your assignments at the designated study centre by the NIOS board.

NIOS Class 10th Economics (214) Solved Assignment 2022-23
NIOS Class 10th Social Science (213) Solved Assignment 2022-23
NIOS Class 10th English (202) Solved Assignment 2022-23

Important Points

The following are some crucial considerations that you need to have in mind:

Create truthful responses.
Write succinct responses.
Assignments can be turned in in both Hindi and English.
Finish your TMAs within the allotted time.
Your assignments must be submitted in the format specified by the NIOS Center.
Before the deadline, turn in your assignments at the study centre.

National Institute of Open Schooling Assignments are available here, Assignments are the practice paper which is mandatory for every student who is pursuing in a course of NIOS. Our service is available in all over India. You will get the assignments in very easy language and best material. For more information stay connected with this platform.

NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021

home science (321) tutor marked assignment, max: marks 20.

1. Answer any one of the following question in about 40-60 words

(a) The study of Home Science is an Art and Science. Explain both implications with two examples each.

Ans- Home Science deals with the scientific methods of handling the home management and it is related to the other branches of science as well. Some components of Home Science can be directly categorized under Science, like Nutrition and Human Development.

On the other hand, other divisions of Home Science, like Family Resource Management can be counted among arts, due to the inclusion of needlework, home décor and clothing management. Therefore, this subject is rightly said to be a combination of science and arts.

2. Answer any one of the following question in about 40-60 words

(b) Explain two techniques by which you can increase certain vitamins and minerals in food even before cooking.

Ans- We should choose a diet made of nutrient-rich foods. Nutrient-rich (or nutrient dense) foods are low in sugar, sodium, starches, and bad fats. They contain a lot of vitamins and minerals and few calories. Our body needs vitamins and minerals, known as micronutrients. They nourish your body and help keep you healthy. They can reduce your risk for chronic diseases. Getting them through food ensures your body can absorb them properly.

Try to eat a variety of foods to get different vitamins and minerals. Foods that naturally are nutrient-rich include fruits and vegetables. Lean meats, fish, whole grains, dairy, legumes, nuts, and seeds also are high in nutrients.

3. Answer any one of the following question in about 40-60 words.

(a) What is the difference between the balanced diet and therapeutic diet? Which four changes will you make in the diet for a child having fever?

Ans- A therapeutic diet is designed to help with the healing process, while a special diet is usually a diet which avoids certain foods, often to prevent symptoms caused by food intolerance or allergy. The term also covers vegan, vegetarian, halal and kosher diets which are more a matter of preference (perhaps for religious reasons) than health. Having said that, therapeutic diets are included under the umbrella term “special diets”.

Diet for a child having fever :

The diet usually prescribed is a high calorie, high protein, low fat, & a high fluid diet.
The first two or 3 days can be more of a fluid diet consisting of soups, glucose water, juices, milk (only if there’s no diarrhea). Give small frequent meals at regular intervals, every 2 hrs which can be gradually increased to every 4 hrs.
Include foods which are soft, bland, easily digested and absorbed like gruels, cereal and milk, soft fruits like banana, papaya, orange, musambi, melons etc. soft or mashed khichidi or mashed curd rice or softly boiled veggies can also be included,
Protein intake of the diet should be increased, so it important to provide high nutritive value protein like milk, eggs & dhal.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

(b) Identify four causes of child labour and juvenile delinquency in our society. Suggest four ways to tackle the condition at social and national level.

Ans- Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decision making that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and “get tough” pronouncements. In the midst this emotional debate, the National Research Council’s Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America’s youth crime problem.

This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescents—trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistance—the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with age- and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates.

Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions:

Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school and community-based initiatives.

Intervention within the juvenile justice system.
Role of the police.
Processing and detention of youth offenders.
Transferring youths to the adult judicial system.
Residential placement of juveniles.
Hope it will help you
plz mark me as brainlist

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

(a) You have Rs 10,000/- and you want to start your business of cloth dyeing from home. Answer the following in this regard.

(i) On which cloth or garment will you start your work? Why?

Ans- The truth is that clothing brands become successful in part because they’re created by people who are passionate about clothing.

But, a clothing brand needs more than just an exquisite apparel design to create a lasting business. It needs all the trappings of a successful business as well. Apparel retailers need to master marketing, manufacturing, and retailing, among other things. Fashion is amazing in the way it balances art and commerce, but it’s a business. Don’t start a business because you want to design. Start a business because you want to start a business.

(ii) Where do you want to deposit your income? Why?

Ans- The deposit rates on saving account keeps changing based on RBI’s revision of policy rates. Banks offer lower interest rates on saving account as compared to term deposits. It is because of this reason, investors opt for term deposit accounts. For example, you hold a fixed deposit (FD) of Rs 10,000 for a period of five years with the bank. In return, the bank pays you an interest at the rate of 10% per annum.

(iii) Make spending plan for your business.

Ans- Financial planning is the task of determining how a business will afford to achieve its strategic goals and objectives. Usually, a company creates a Financial Plan immediately after the vision and objectives have been set. The Financial Plan describes each of the activities, resources, equipment and materials that are needed to achieve these objectives, as well as the timeframes involved.

(iv) Design the management steps of your business.

5 Simple Steps for Better Management

Step 1: Visualize your main story. Take a step back from the business and visualize the main business story.
Step 2: Identify your main assumptions.
Step 3: Set your milestones and performance
Step 4: Manage your business’s cash.
Step 5: Review, revise, repeat.
And now, lo and behold, you have a business plan.

6. Prepare any one project out of the given below:

(b) Search by own study or through Internet and write any five tips for the following and demonstrate one.

(i) Organization of kitchen.

1. Implement Pegs using pegs to hang things on your wall, towels) for a Pretty look)

2. Learn to lave shelf organizer’s (organized Masterpiece)

3. Use contains and dividers (you’ll be able to Separate fortes from knives, Spot the sprier you need) for better accen

4. Create clear labels (it is helpful if you have Storage containers)

5. Clear out (tools you never use, tupperw are that is Missing) Spend an hour on this.

(ii) Cleaning of bathroom.

5 Tips To Clean a Bathroom Fast and Efficiently

1. Remove all items from their usual spot. For best results, do this step for the entire bathroom instead of as you go.

2. Dust and sweep.

3. Apply cleaner to shower and bathtub .

4. Tackle other surfaces.

5. Mix cleaning solution for floor.

(iii) Good and bad effects of microwave.

5 tips to Good and bad effects of microwave:

1. Plastic & metals

It goes without saying that metal plates, containers and cups should never be used to heat food in a microwave.

2. Water & food

There is now a consensus that there is no loss of nutritional value while cooking food in microwaves.

3. Foils & wraps

When it comes to foils and wraps, things are pretty easy and straightforward. Aluminium foil is okay as long as you don’t overheat the food for a really long time.

4. Quick & slow

Slow even cooking ensures a uniformly cooked meal, which is especially important while cooking red meat.

5. Cleaning tips

Avoid washing the inside of a microwave with too much water. Instead, you could use a wet tissue and a light sprinkling of mild soap.

(iv) Freezing of vegetables at home.

5 tips for Freezing of vegetables at home:

1. Blanch then freeze. Blanching is when you steam or boil a vegetable briefly But do not fully cook it.

2. Flash freeze.

3. Juice it, zest it, freeze it.

4. Shred it.

5. Puree and freeze.

(v) Enhancing the self-confidence of school children.

Enhancing the self-confidence of School Children:

Model confidence yourself. Even if you’re not quite feeling it!
Don’t get upset about mistakes.
Encourage them to try new things.
Allow kids to fail.
Praise perseverance.

(vi) Tracing a design for embroidery.

Ans- The tracing method is easiest to do on smooth fabric, and fabric that is light coloured. The first step is to print off your embroidery pattern (or trace it onto paper or tracing paper). If the fabric is fine enough, you might be able to place your fabric directly over your paper pattern and start tracing.

3 thoughts on “ NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021 ”

Thank from Kerala

Thanks a lot from karnataka

Thank you so much from kolkata

Follow Us On:

Toll Free: 1800-180-9393

Chairperson's Message
Objectives & Functions
Vission & Mission
Publication
At a Glance
International Activities
Research & Development Cell
Regional Center Website
Citizens' Charter
RTI Disclosure
Vocational Education
Student Support Services
Administration
Computer Unit
Capacity Building Cell (CBC)
Media Unit/Telecast
Minority Cell
Material Production Dispatch & Distribution
Sr. Secondary
Open Basic Education(OBE)
D.El.Ed (Dip. in Elementary Education)
Life Enrichment
Life Skills Programme
Admission procedure & Videos
Study Material
Tutor Mark Assignment
Secondary & Senior Secondary
D.El.Ed. (Oct-Nov 2018 offline)
Vocational Exam.
On-Demand Examination
Notification,Orders & Office Orders
Transfer Order
Important Notice about Fake website
Admissions & TMA
Examination & Result
Medical Facilities
Study Centres & Accreditation
MOE External Website that opens in a new window
SWAYAM External Website that opens in a new window
IGNOU External Website that opens in a new window
CBSE External Website that opens in a new window
KVS External Website that opens in a new window
NVS External Website that opens in a new window
COL External Website that opens in a new window
UNESCO External Website that opens in anew window
DU External Website that opens in a new window
JNU External Website that opens in a new window
YCMOU External Website that opens in a new window
Headquarter
Regional Offices
Study Centres
Learner Support Centre
Regional Centre Website
Ask Your Teacher
Chairman Message
Public Examination(Sec., Sr.Sec., Voc.,D.El.Ed.)
Hunar Examination
MHRD External Website that opens in a new window
Online Course Material
Sr. Secondary Courses

Home Science (321)

Please, follow the links below for details:

English Medium
Hindi Medium

Syllabus Bifurcation of Home Science (321)

Information about.

On Demand Examination
Accreditation/E-Accreditation
Felicitations/Awards
Notice Board / Office Order
Tender Notice
Success Stories

Additional Links

Meeting and Events

Proud Learners of NIOS
News Bulletin

Get Registered
Books & Assignments

Nios Home Science (216)Tutor Marked Assignment 2023 Question And Answer

: Books & Assignments

Ad ID: 38562

Added: October 5, 2022

Description

Online nios solved assignment for 10th & 12th class latest buy now in pdf 2022-2023..

Nios Home Science (216)Tutor Marked Assignment Question with Answer 2023 (2022-23) Click Here for Download Nios Solved Assignment for Class 10th.

Note : All questions are compulsory. The marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions.

1.Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words

(a) There is a common saying ‘Health is Wealth.’ Justify this by giving two reasons stating the importance of good health.

(b)Do you think social health an important dimension of good health? State the characteristics which reflect good social health.

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a)Critically examine your home and identify two potential zones where accidents can occur.

(b) Your friend wants to transfer money to his grandparents living in a different state. What are the various ways available to him for transferring the money?

3) Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words

(a)Baby Ratna is 8 months old, state one activity during this stage which is due to maturation, and one activity which can be due to learning.

(b).List two characteristics inherited, and two attributes that you have learnt from the environment. 4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.

(a) Fibres can be identified by look, and feel. Make a list of the appearance, touch, and care required to maintain the following fibres:  Cotton  Wool  Silk  Nylon

(b) What is weaving? Write the two characteristics of weaves. How is weaving different from knitting?

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 – 150 words.

(a) How are Human Resources different from Non-Human Resources? List two Human and Non-Human resources that you possess. Give two tips to your friend on how to use resources efficiently

(b)You have to plan a trip to a hill station for the family. Using the four steps of management, list the actions you will take.

6.Prepare any one project of the following projects given below

Explain the importance of food in your life, by answering the following questions:

(i) Any two functions of food that are important to sustain life, and characteristics of any two macro nutrients which are essential for our body. (ii) Make one day diet plan for yourself using five food groups meals a day.

Observe a child of 0 to 5 years,

(i) Describe detail the influence of any four factors which you felt were very important for the physical development of the child. (ii) In your opinion, what is more important for causing individual differences Heredity or Environment? Explain by giving examples

Nios HOME SCIENCE (216) Tutor Marked Assignment Question with Answer 2023.

For More information Contact us. on 9643289714. or Visit – www.pkkapri.com

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked. *

Related ads

Hindi 201 Nios Solved Assignment 2021-22 for 10th Class

Category : Books & Assignments

More Ads Get More Leads, More Leads Get More Potential Customer! More Customer Mean Big Sales = High Profit = Start More Posting Now - Get Extra Discount Use Coupon Code "Grow10" Only for New User. Dismiss

NIOS Solved Assignment {TMA} 2023-24 Free (10th & 12th) PDF

If you are looking for Free NIOS SOLVED ASSIGNMENT [TMA] | NIOS 10th Class ASSIGNMENTS? So this platform is best for the NIOS 12th class assignment 2023-24 Free of cost Download . Here we will tell you some important things related to NIOS Solved assignment 2023-24 Free Download and In this post, we will provide you with all the solved assignments. We will provide all the NIOS Assignment Answers & Solution 2023-24 for the course.

If You want Latest Solved Assignment Then It is the right Place to download. No more Wait for Trusted Website.

We Are Also Provide NIOS Solved Assignment [TMA] on WhatsApp in PDF File – 93112 80949 We Are Also Provide Solved Assignments In Handwriting

Download FREE NIOS Solved Assignment For All Courses – 2016-17 / 2017-18/ 2018-19/ 2019-20/ 2020-21/ 2021-22/ 2022-23/ 2023-24

NIOS SENIOR SECONDARY (12th) Solved Assignment

Nios solved assignment for 12th science 2023-24 [tma].

Hindi (301) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
English (302) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
Mathematics (311) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Mathematics (311) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Physics (312) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Physics (312) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Chemistry (313) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Chemistry (313) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Biology (314) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Biology (314) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
History (315) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
History (315) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Geography (316) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Geography (316) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Political Science (317) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Political Science (317) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Economics (318) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Economics (318) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Business Studies (319) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Business Studies (319) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Accountancy (320) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Accountancy (320) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Home Science (321) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Home Science (321) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Psychology (328) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Psychology (328) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Computer Science (330) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Computer Science (330) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Sociology (331) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Sociology (331) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Painting (332) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Painting (332) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Environmental Science (333) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Environmental Science (333) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Mass Communication (335) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Mass Communication (335) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Data Entry Operations (336) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Data Entry Operations (336) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Tourism (337) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Tourism (337) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Introduction to Law (338) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Introduction to Law (338) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Information and Library Science (339) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Information and Library Science (339) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Employability Skills (350) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Employability Skills (350) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Physical Education and Yoga (373) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Physical Education and Yoga (373) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Military Studies (374) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Military Studies (374) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Military History (375) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Military History (375) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Early Childhood Care and Education (376) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Early Childhood Care and Education (376) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Natyakala (385) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24

NIOS SECONDARY (10th) Solved Assignment

Nios class 10 solved assignment 2023-24 [tma].

NIOS 2023 Subjects for Class 10

Hindi (201) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
English (202) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
Mathematics (211) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Mathematics (211) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Science & Technology (212) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Science & Technology (212) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Social Science (213) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Social Science (213) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Economics (214) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Economics (214) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Business Studies (215) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Business Studies (215) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Home Science (216) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Home Science (216) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Psychology (222) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Psychology (222) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Indian Culture and Heritage (ICH) (223) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Indian Culture and Heritage (ICH) (223) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Accountancy (224) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Accountancy (224) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Painting (225) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Painting (225) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Data Entry Operations (229) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Data Entry Operations (229) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Indian Sign Language (230) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
Hindustani Sangeet (242) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Hindustani Sangeet (242) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Carnatic Sangeet (243) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Carnatic Sangeet (243) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Folk Art (244) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Folk Art (244) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Entrepreneurship (249) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Entrepreneurship (249) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Employability Skills (250) Solved Assignments [TMA] English Medium 2023-24
Employability Skills (250) Solved Assignments [TMA] Hindi Medium 2023-24
Natyakala (285) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24

Click on the link for more information.

visit my website :

Ravipublication.in, ignousolvedassignmentnearme.in, any query please call and whatsapp: 93112 80949, note: handwriting also available.

“If students are not interested in writing NIOS solved assignment, they don’t have to take the stress. We will write and give you the solved assignments, for that you have to order us ahead of time, already on the website, the number is given. If any students are outsiders, we will send post assignments to them ”.

Dear Student:

Good Quality Assignments help the student to gain a better percentage because of its 30% weightage in final marks. Previous year assignments are also available, To get a call and WhatsApp on- 93112 80949
All assignments are in PDF format which would be sent on email just after payment. Paytm, Google pay, PhonePe, Mobile Number: 93112 80949
100% refund guarantee in case of any dispute or mismatch.

Dear Student: How to Buy Assignments:

After a successful order, a PDF copy of the Assignment will be delivered to you on email or sometimes on WhatsApp.
Complete the checkout process by choosing payment options i.e. Credit Card | Debit Card | Internet banking | Paytm | Google Pay | Phone Pay | UPI@ | (We are fully secured SSL enabled website)
Select your subject code or choose multiple subjects by clicking add to cart button given on every assignment page. Fill in contact details i.e. Name, Address, email ID, Mobile number, etc. (It is mandatory and we respect privacy and your data is safe with us)

Dear Student: Useful Information for Term End Exams:

If you’re looking for important exam questions, notes, and solved papers from the previous year with solutions. All of these are available to you in the form of a help book. You always place book orders for all subjects. With the help of these books, few students were able to earn good grades and complete their courses.

THANKS & REGARD

RAVI PUBLICATION

Discover more from Ravi Publication

Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.

Type your email…

Hindi Medium
English Medium
Bangali Medium
Nios Sample Papers 10th Class
12th Class Nios Sample Papers
Punjabi Medium
10th Nios Practical Examination Help Books
Nios 12th Practical Examination Help Books
NIOS D.EL.Ed Guide Books
IGNOU BOOKS
Nios X Class Guide Books
Nios XII Class Guide Books
NIOS Class 10th Solved Assignment |TMA IN PDF
NIOS Class 12th Solved Assignment |TMA IN PDF
Nios Handmade Assignments for 10th in PDF
Nios Handmade Assignments for 12th in PDF
Nios Solved Assignment 10th |TMA in Hand-Written
12th Nios Solved Assignment |TMA In Handwritten
NIOS Assignment & Practical Writing Sheet
IGNOU M.com Handwritten Assignment
Ignou MA Hindi (MHD) Hard Copy
Ignou MA English (MEG) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Economics (MEC) Hard Copy
Ignou MA History (MHI) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Political Science (MPS|MPSE|MED) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Psychology (MPC) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Sociology (MSO|MSOE) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Public Administration (MPA|MSO|MPS) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Philosophy (MAPY) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Social Work (MSW) Hard Copy
Ignou MA Gender And Development Studies (MGS|MGSE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Hindi (EHD|BHDE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA English (EEG|BEGE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA History (EHI) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Political Science (EPS|BPSE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Economics (EEC|BECE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Sociology (ESO) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Public Administration (EPA|BPAE) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Psychology (BPC) Hard Copy
Ignou BA Philosophy (BPY|MPYE) Hard Copy
Ignou BAG Hard Copy
Ignou BCOMG Hard Copy
Ignou BSCG Hard Copy
IGNOU BLIS Handwritten Assignment
IGNOU Foundation Course Handwritten Assignment
Other Elective Handwritten Assignment
IGNOU M.Com Solved Assignment
Ignou MA Hindi (MHD)
Ignou M.A. English (MEG)
Ignou M.A Economics (MEC)
Ignou M.A. History (MHI)
Ignou MA. Political Science (MPS|MPSE|MED)
Ignou MA Psychology (MPC)
Ignou MA Sociology (MSO|MSOE)
Ignou MA Public Administration (MPA|MSO|MPS)
Ignou MA Philosophy (MAPY)
Ignou MA Social Work (MSW)
Ignou BA Hindi (EHD|BHDE)
Ignou BA English (EEG|BEGE)
Ignou BA History (EHI|MPSE)
Ignou BA Political Science (EPS|BPSE)
Ignou BA Economics (EEC|BECE)
Ignou BA Sociology (ESO)
Ignou BA Public Administration (EPA|BPAE)
Ignou BA Psychology (BPC)
Ignou Philosophy (BPY|MPYE)
Ignou BCOMG
IGNOU BLIS Assignment
IGNOU FOUNDATION COURSES
OTHER Elective
IGNOU Assignment Writing Sheet
NIOS ADMISSION
EWS Govt. School Admission
Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti
IGNOU Admission
DU SOL Admission
Annamalai university
Nios Question Bank
Nios Practical Lab Manual 10th in PDF
Nios Practical 12th Lab Manual in PDF
10th Class Nios Lab Manual Hand Written
Nios Hand Written 12th Class Practical File
Nios Text Books for 10th Class
Nios Guide Books X & XII
Nios Solved TMA Assignment in PDF
Nios Solved TMA in Handwritten
Nios Model Test Paper
Nios Full Course Guide Books
Nios Sample Papers
Nios Exam Time Revision Books
Nios D.EL.Ed Guide Books
Free Nios Revision Books
NIOS TMA + Model Test Paper
Online Nios Coaching
Stationery Lover
Hot Offer BUSINESS PICK UP

Nios Assignment Answer 2024-25 for 10th & 12th (Handwritten Scanned Copy) in Pdf All Subjects

Do you want to get good marks in tma buy now nios assignment answer from here, nios assignment answers for april/october 2024 examination 10th & 12th class all students.

Get Nios Assignment Answer for Excellent Marks ! Submit Your Tutor Mark Assignment (TMA) at your study/regional centre. Call/WhatsApp on 9643289714 for CURRENT OFFERS

Nios Assignment Answer 2023-2024 Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) | Class 10th & 12th Hindi/English Medium | 100% quality Assured Latest NIOS TMAs (Tutor Marked Assignments) Solution

Are you worry about how to make NIOS Assignment Answer to Get maximum mark? If Yes, Here w e solved your problem. You will find nios solved assignments & exam preparation books to avail GOOD Marks in Your Mark-Sheet. Buy Nios Sample Papers | Nios Guide Books | Nios Model Test Papers | Nios Practical Lab Manual Notes | Online Nios Assignment Answer | Nios last time exam revision books. Nios Tutor Mark Assignment is kind of home task to make assignment files. Student has to write nios tma answer which is provide by the Nios Board and submit it at his study or regional centre. Nios Assignment contain 20% marks of theory papers.

Download Nios Assignment Answer 100% for 10th & 12th Class All Subject April Exam/October Examination 2024 Ready To Submit .

Here is a list of NIOS 10th and NIOS 12th class assignment answer 2023-24 is available and 2024-2025 assignment solution available soon, all nios assignment is in Hindi, English, Urdu, Sanskrit & Bengali medium students.

Subject Name & Subject Code

Download handmade nios tma in pdf hindi/english medium.

Download in English Medium

Latest Nios Model Test Paper/Question Bank for 10 th Class

10th nios practical manual notes (reference materials), nios hand written solved assignments (hard copy) send by post click for place order 10th class, nios guide books for 10th examination preparation full course nios books, 10th class nios sample papers best revision books, nios exam time revision books for quick revision important, very important and most important question with answers class 10th.

Nios Solved Assignment Handwritten Scanned Copy 2024 Ready to Sybmit

NIOS 10TH TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT IN PDF (2023-2024)

Nios 12th tutor marked assignment in pdf (2023-2024), (buy 5 get 5 ) download nios solved tutor marked assignments 5 subjects and get free 5 nios exam revision books (open 20 plus) only on offer products (2023-24) for april & october 2024 exam.

NIOS Painting TMA (225) Solved Assignment-Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Home Science TMA (216) Solved Assignment – English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

317 Political Science NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

336 Data Entry Operations NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Accountancy TMA (224) SOLVED Hindi Medium In PDF {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Data Entry Operations TMA (229) Solved Assignment -Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

318 Economics NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

339 Library And Information Science NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

Nios tutor marked assignments download senior secondary (12th) & secondary (10th) course 2023-2024 online nios solved assignment from below links for april/october exam 2024 in (hindi or english medium), important information, nios handwritten solved tutor marked assignment (tma) 2024 all subjects, how to prepare nios tma file read step wise step for 10th & 12th class, how to write nios tutor marked assignment answers (2024), why we should take handwritten solved assignments , instructions to upload nios tutor marked assignments (tma) assignment pdf online steps –.

1 – Uploading of TMA will be available only as per the TMA uploading schedule mentioned by NIOS for each session.

2 – Submitting/Uploading TMA is applicable only for the learners/students of Stream 1

3 – TMA(s) can be uploaded only for the subject for which the learner/student is registered in NIOS. TMA(s) of subjects selected for Transfer of Credit (ToC) can’t be uploaded.

4 – Once the due date for submitting/uploading TMA is over, Learner/student will be able to upload the TMA only after paying the TMA late fee online through the Student Portal.

5 – Before uploading the TMA, please ensure that the correct TMA is selected for upload. TMA once submitted cannot be submitted/uploaded again.

6 – TMA status can be seen from the TMA Status on TMA Tile on the Student Dashboard

7 – There are four steps in the process of uploading the TMA(s):

Step-I – Download TMA(s)1 Nios Assignment Answer

II – Prepare hand written TMA(s) with marking each page with page number

III – Scan the hand written TMA(s) into .PDF for each subject separately

IV – Upload the TMA(s) saved into .PDF file

(Note: Each online activity of the learner/student will be tracked and monitored on the portal starting from login till logout IP address and system environment of the device/laptop/computer/mobile IMEI will be monitored for security reasons and for further analysis to improve the system.)

We are a group of professional willing to help Professional/ Academic students, who generally fighting with time to prepare for further studies. Click for Nios Solved Hand Written Assignment | Nios Class 10th Tma Solution | Nios Class 12th Tma Solution | FREE NIOS ASSIGNMENT ANSWER .

You can also Pay Via PAYTM , GOOGLE PAY, PHONE PE : 9643289714

Visit Our Website: //www.pkkapri.com

ALERT: Sharing or Distribution of this file or any portion of this file without my consent by Site/Blog Owners or Youtube Channel Owners will lead to DMCA WARNING. Your Blog/Channel will receive copyright INFRINGEMENT NOTICE.

Hindi 301 NIOS Online Nios Model Test Paper (Pdf) + Most Important Questions 12th Class

Hindi 301 NIOS Online Nios Model Test Paper (Pdf) + Most Important Questions Bank12th Class

NIOS English 302 Solved Assignment English Medium 2024

COMBO OFFER IGNOU GUIDE BOOKS BEGLA 135+BEVAE 181+BANC 131+BSOC 131 Plus Sample Paper

COMBO OFFER IGNOU GUIDE BOOKS BEGLA 135+BHIC 131+BSOC 131+BEVAE 181 Plus Sample Paper

COMBO OFFER IGNOU GUIDE BOOKS BEGLA 135+BPSC131+BHIC131+BEVAE 181 Plus Sample Paper

NIOS English 202 Solved Assignment-English Medium 2023-24

NIOS Hindi 301 Solved Assignment 12th (Hindi Medium) 2024

NIOS Physics 312 Solved Assignment 12th (English Medium) 2020-21 Pdf

NIOS Physics 312 Solved Assignment 12th (English Medium) 2024

Top Navigation

Nios Guide Books & Solved Assignment Tma Coupon Code

Dear Nios Learner, Theory exam is starting from 6 April, 2024. We wish you great success ahead! We are now ready to deliver across India! COD & Prepaid payment available on all orders. - THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING US! Dismiss

IMAGES

NIOS Home Science Chapter-1 Most Important Answers
NIOS 321 Home Science Guide/Book in English Medium for 2020 Exam
NIOS Home Science TMA (216) SOLVED English Medium In PDF 2022-23
HOME SCIENCE-321, 2023 Exam Sample Paper Class-12th, NIOS Fully Solved
2023 Exam 216 Home Science Solved Paper Class-10th NIOS Fully Solved
NIOS Home Science Top Most Important Questions with Answers Class 12

VIDEO

Home Science Module 6A Lesson 31 Aesthetics At Home
NIOS HOME SCIENCE NOTES 2024 #nios #examination #2024 #shorts_video
NIOS +2 HOMESCIENCE QUESTION PAPER SOLVED 2022 APRIL EXAM PART 1
Nios Class 12th Home Science (321) Chapter 6 ||पोषण स्तर|| Most Important Questions With Answers
HOME SCIENCE || PRACTICAL FILE
NIOS

COMMENTS

NIOS Home Science (216) Solved Assignments [TMA] 2023-24
Click to buy NIOS Home Science (216) Solved TMA (2023-24) PDF. Max. Marks: 20. Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. The marks allotted for each question are given beside the question. (ii) Write your name, enrollment number, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet.1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 ...
NIOS Home Science 216 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022
In this article, you will get Home Science 216 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022-23. You will solved assignment of other subjects in our page nios solved assignment 202-23. Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. The marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions. (ii) Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name, and subject ...
NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions
Solve your homework and assignments on time with our Class 10 NIOS Study Material Home Science. Step by step approach provided for the solutions helps you get more confidence while attempting the exam. Build Strong foundation skills on the subject using our NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Home Science.
NIOS Class 12th Home Science (321) English Medium Solved Assignment
3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. (a) List four good housekeeping practices that you expect from the staff in a hotel for a. comfortable stay. (b) "Embroidery is a painting with needle and thread". Elaborate & explain. 4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.
NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) English Medium Solved Assignment PDF
We will provide NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) English Medium Solved Assignment PDF (TMA) 2023-24, NIOS Class 10th Home Science TMA Answer 2023-24, NIOS Home Science Solve TMA For Class 10th google.com, pub-1384127205564088, DIRECT, f08c47fec0942fa0
Home Science 216 Solved Assignment 2021
NIOS Solved Assignments (2021-22) Home Science 216 Solved Assignment 2021 - 22. Tutor Marked Assignment. Max Marks: 20. Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions. (ii) Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet. 1. Answer any ...
NIOS Class 10th Home Science English Medium (216) Solved Assignment
NIOS Class 10th Home Science English Medium (216) Solved Assignment (TMA) 2021-22 | Nios Home Science Solve TMA 2021-22. Posted on May 9, 2022 by Devdutt Sharma. Home Science (216) Tutor Marked Assignment (2021-22) ... Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words. (b) You have come to the city for higher studies and live ...
Home Science 321 Solved Assignment 2021-22
2. One must not impose his or her personal thinking and ethics on his colleagues in work place. गृह विज्ञान (321)| Home Science 321 NIOS Free Solved Assignment 2021 - 22 (Hindi Medium) 2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 2. (a) 'Food not only nourishes our body but performs other important ...
NIOS Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022
Marks: 20. In this article, you will get Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022-23. You will get solved assignment of other subjects in our page nios solved assignment 202-23. Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions. (ii) Write your name, enrolment numbers, AI name ...
Nios Home Science 321 Solved Assignment (TMA) 2023 in English Medium
Nios Home Science 321 Solved Assignment (TMA) 2023 in English Medium. Online Nios Fully Solved Assignment 2022-23 (TMA) for 10th & 12th Class applicable for ...
Nios Class 12th Home Science(321) Chapter wise Important Questions and
Q 5. Make a list of family tasks. Answer - There are several important functions which a family performs. It gives protection: Indeed, it provides the best setting for the rearing and care of newborns and infants, adolescents, the sick and the infirm or aged.
NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23
NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23 : The largest open board in India is NIOS. You can use this board to complete your secondary or senior school coursework. The National Institute of Open Schooling, also known as NIOS, has a TMA regulation. To assist the learner in succeeding, it has devised a number of tactics.
NIOS TMA Home Science (321) Tutor Marked Assignment 2021
Check Your Questions Papers and Instructions below: Home Science (321) Tutor Marked Assignment Session 2020-21 (Home Science -321) -12th Class. Max.Marks: 20. Note : (i) All questions are compulsory. The marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions. (ii) Write your name enrollment numbers, AI name subject on the top of the ...
NIOS Class 12 Home Science (Set A
Senior Content Writer | Updated On - Nov 20, 2023. NIOS Class 12 Home Science Question Paper 2023 with Answer Key pdf (Set A - OSS) is available for download here. The exam was conducted by National Institute of Open Schooling on April 17, 2023 in the Afternoon Session 2.30 PM to 5.30 PM. The question paper comprised a total of 30 questions ...
NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021
Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words. (b) Identify four causes of child labour and juvenile delinquency in our society. ... 3 thoughts on " NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021 " Unknown January 19, 2021 Reply. Thank from Kerala. Unknown May 28, 2021 Reply. Thanks a lot from ...
Home Science (321)
The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) formerly known as National Open School (NOS) was established in November 1989 as an autonomous organization in pursuance of National Policy on Education 1986 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India. NIOS is providing a number of Vocational, Life Enrichment and community oriented courses besides General and ...
Nios Home Science(321) Tutor Marked Assignment Questions with their
(ii)Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet. (1) Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. (a) Give the relevance of home science for home and family life. (b) Give two ethics which we must learn for domestic life and work place.
Nios Home Science 321 Solved Assignment 2021-22 for 12th
Description. Nios Home Science 321 Solved Assignment 2021-22 for 12th Class. Hello Students! Get Nios Solved Assignment for 2021-22 All Subjects 10th & 12th Class, April and October 2022 Exam Session. We are Providing Best Nios Assignment Answer 2022 For Class 10th & 12th. We have All Subjects Solved TMA of NIOS Open Board In Hindi & English ...
Nios Home Science (216)Tutor Marked Assignment 2023 Question And Answer
Nios Home Science (216) Tutor Marked Assignment 2023 Question And Answer (2022-23) Click Here for Download Nios Solved Assignment for Class 10th.
NIOS Solved Assignment {TMA} 2023-24 Free (10th & 12th) PDF
So this platform is best for the NIOS 12th class assignment 2023-24 Free of cost Download. Here we will tell you some important things related to NIOS Solved assignment 2023-24 Free Download and In this post, we will provide you with all the solved assignments. We will provide all the NIOS Assignment Answers & Solution 2023-24 for the course.
Nios Assignment Answer
Nios Assignment Answer (TMA) for 10th/12th All Subjects 2023-24. Ready To Upload Online Download Solved Assignment Oct & Nov 2024 Good Marks. Welcome To PK Kapri & Co. | ... 321 Home Science NIOS TMA Solved Assignment -12th Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024. 0 out of 5

Notes World

NIOS SOLVED ASSIGNMENTS [TMA] 2023-24

Home Science (216)

Post a Comment

Footer Copyright

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions – 2025 | NIOS Home Science Class 10 Notes [216]

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions in Details

Read More :

Advantages of NIOS Class 10 Books Solutions

Related Posts

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 1 What is Home Science

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 2 Food And It’s Nutrients

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 3 Food Groups

1 thought on “NIOS Class 10 Home Science Solutions – 2025 | NIOS Home Science Class 10 Notes [216]”

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Home Science 321 Solved Assignment 2021-22 | NIOS Senior Secondary Solved Assignment 2021 - 22

Posted by Kumar Nirmal Prasad

Post a Comment

NIOS Home Science 321 Free Solved Assignment [TMA] 2022 – 23 (English Medium)

Related posts:

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Nios Class 12th Home Science(321) Chapter wise Important Questions and Answers English Medium

Share this post

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Related Posts

राजनीतिक शासन प्रणालियां

Nios class 12th home science most important question with answer hindi medium

जिला न्यायालयों की संरचना -Structure of District Courts

ग्रामशी, इटली के प्रसिद्ध साम्यवादी विचारक हैं

Nios Class 10th Home Science Solved Previous Year Question Paper in Hindi Medium

तुलनात्मक राजनीति के अध्ययन के उपागम

Nios Class 10th Business Studies (215) Very Very Important Questions with Solutions

Nios Class 12th Mass Communication (335) Most Important Question with Answers

Nios Class 12th Sociology Solved Previous Year Question Paper in English Medium

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Assignment 2022-23

NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Assignment Paper 2022-23

NIOS 10th Class Assignment Preparation

Is it Compulsory to submit the Assignments ?

Important Points

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021

3 thoughts on “ NIOS Class 12th Home Science Solve Assignment (TMA) English Medium 2021 ”

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Follow Us On:

Home Science (321)

Syllabus Bifurcation of Home Science (321)

Additional Links

Important Links

Nios Home Science (216)Tutor Marked Assignment 2023 Question And Answer

Description

1.Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 – 150 words.

For More information Contact us. on 9643289714. or Visit – www.pkkapri.com

Leave a Comment

Related ads

Hindi 201 Nios Solved Assignment 2021-22 for 10th Class

NIOS Solved Assignment {TMA} 2023-24 Free (10th & 12th) PDF

NIOS SENIOR SECONDARY (12th) Solved Assignment

NIOS SECONDARY (10th) Solved Assignment

visit my website :

Dear Student:

Dear Student: How to Buy Assignments:

Dear Student: Useful Information for Term End Exams:

Discover more from Ravi Publication

Nios Assignment Answer 2024-25 for 10th & 12th (Handwritten Scanned Copy) in Pdf All Subjects

Nios Assignment Answer 2023-2024 Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) | Class 10th & 12th Hindi/English Medium | 100% quality Assured Latest NIOS TMAs (Tutor Marked Assignments) Solution

Download Nios Assignment Answer 100% for 10th & 12th Class All Subject April Exam/October Examination 2024 Ready To Submit .

Subject Name & Subject Code

Latest Nios Model Test Paper/Question Bank for 10 th Class

NIOS 10TH TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT IN PDF (2023-2024)

NIOS Painting TMA (225) Solved Assignment-Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Home Science TMA (216) Solved Assignment – English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

317 Political Science NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

336 Data Entry Operations NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Accountancy TMA (224) SOLVED Hindi Medium In PDF {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

NIOS Data Entry Operations TMA (229) Solved Assignment -Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

318 Economics NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th Hindi Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024

339 Library And Information Science NIOS TMA Solved Assignment 12th English Medium in Pdf {*FREE Open 20 Plus} 2024