smog pollution research paper

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports on six major air pollutants, namely particle pollution, ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. Air pollution can have a disastrous effect on all components of the environment, including groundwater, soil, and air.

Outdoor pollution is the ambient air pollution. Indoor pollution is the pollution generated by household combustion of fuels. People exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants experience disease symptoms and states of greater and lesser seriousness.

Air quality. Smog prevention. Smog formation. 1. Introduction. The adverse effects of air pollution on human health and the environment, due to the myriad of pollutants released and dispersed into the atmosphere, have been reported to be significant worldwide (Kim et al., 2015b).

The majority of the world’s population continue to be exposed to levels of air pollution substantially above WHO Air Quality Guidelines and, as such, air pollution constitutes a major, and in...

This research paper presents an extensive examination of air pollution, its diverse sources, and its detrimental effects on both individual and community health.

Published: 04 October 2021. Clean air for a sustainable world. Nature Communications 12, Article number: 5824 (2021) Cite this article. 21k Accesses. 7 Citations. 17 Altmetric. Metrics. Air...

Using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2021 revised fine particulate matter (PM2.5) thresholds, we show that globally, 7.3 billion people are directly exposed to unsafe average annual PM2.5...

This paper conveys a comprehensive review of scientific literature to explore the relationship between climate change, air pollutants, and human health. The integral relationship between climate change and health is complex and has a significant impact on every facet of human life.

Smog is a visible form of air pollution that arises due to the over-emissions of some primary pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrocarbons, SO 2, NO, and NO 2 which further react in the atmosphere and give rise to toxic and carcinogenic secondary smog components.

Exposure to outdoor air pollution poses an urgent public health challenge worldwide because it is ubiquitous, affecting everyone, and has numerous serious adverse human health effects including cancer. 2 Major primary air pollutants, those emitted directly into the environment largely as a result of combustion of fossil and biomass fuels, includ...