problem solving activities for special needs students

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26 Powerful Problem Solving Activities for Kids

As you navigate the busy aisles of the grocery store, your child’s hand firmly in yours, you’re hit by a sudden realization. You’re not just shopping for groceries; you’re in the midst of an impromptu problem solving class. 

Your child, curious and eager, starts asking you questions: 

• “Why do we choose this cereal and not that one?” 
• “How do we know how many apples to buy?”

In these moments, you’re more than a parent; you’re a guide, helping your child understand and navigate the world. It’s not always easy, especially when your child faces unique challenges. 

You know their path is a little different, their learning style distinct. You want to equip them with skills beyond the basics and empower them to tackle the hurdles life throws their way.

Problem solving isn’t just about finding solutions; it’s about building resilience, confidence, and creativity. 

You’ve seen it firsthand – the spark of understanding in your child’s eyes, the proud smile when they figure something out. These small victories remind you of the importance of nurturing these skills.

But where do you start? How do you turn everyday moments into enriching learning experiences? 

One way is to challenge your children by regularly providing them with problem solving activities. Here is a list of ideas: 

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#1 Puzzles and Brain Teasers

As you sit beside your child, engaging in a puzzle or brain teaser, you do more than spend quality time together. These activities are key in honing their problem solving skills, which are essential for their growth and development.

Why Puzzles and Brain Teasers Are Beneficial?

– enhances critical thinking: .

Your child learns to approach problems systematically, analyzing and forming strategies.

– Improves Concentration: 

These activities require focus, helping your child develop a deeper concentration level.

– Builds Persistence: 

Facing challenging puzzles teaches them not to give up easily, fostering resilience.

– Encourages Independent Problem Solving: 

As they work through a puzzle, they learn to rely on their skills and intuition, boosting their confidence.

Examples for Different Age Groups

– younger elementary students (5-8 years): .

Start with jigsaw puzzles that have a moderate number of pieces. Simple word puzzles or riddles are also great to stimulate their thinking.

– Older Elementary Students (9-12 years): 

Introduce more complex puzzles, like jigsaws with more pieces, logic puzzles, and basic Sudoku. These challenge their thinking and improve logical reasoning.

– Teenagers (13-18 years): 

Engage them with advanced puzzles, such as 3D puzzles, crosswords, and challenging brain teasers that require abstract thinking. 

When choosing these activities, consider your child’s interests and abilities to keep them motivated and engaged. It’s not about the complexity of the puzzle but the process of finding solutions and the learning that comes with it.

As they tackle these challenges, they’re not just solving puzzles. They’re building skills that will help them navigate the complexities of life.

Role-Playing Games

Envision your child diving into the world of a detective, a scientist, or a historical figure. Through role-playing games, they’re not just engaging in play.

They’re sharpening their problem solving skills imaginatively and dynamically.

Benefits of Role-Playing Scenarios

– fosters creative problem solving: .

Role-playing challenges your child to think on their feet, creating solutions in diverse scenarios.

– Develops Empathy and Social Awareness: 

Taking on different roles helps them understand various perspectives, building empathy and social skills.

– Strengthens Communication Abilities: 

These activities encourage clear and effective communication , vital for problem solving.

– Tailored to Individual Learning Styles: 

Role-playing can be adapted to suit your child’s unique needs and interests, making it an inclusive learning tool.

Role-Playing Ideas 

#2 mystery detective: .

Set up a mystery game where your child has to find clues and solve a case. This can be made more complex for older children, involving critical thinking and deductive reasoning.

#3 Historical Role-Play: 

Have your child take on the role of a historical figure. They can navigate historical events, making decisions based on the context, which enhances their understanding of history and its challenges.

#4 Science Explorer: 

Create scenarios where your child is a scientist or an explorer facing environmental or scientific problems. They can develop innovative solutions, fostering a love for science and exploration.

#5 Future World Builder: 

Engage older children and teens in creating and managing a city or civilization in the future. This kind of role-play involves strategic planning, resource management, and ethical decision-making.

When engaging in these activities, the focus should be on learning through experience and fun. Encourage your child’s imagination, validate their ideas, and guide them through the problem solving process. 

Remember, role-playing is a powerful tool that can make learning enjoyable and impactful for your child.

Building and Construction Projects

Whether it’s a simple craft project or a more complex construction task, these activities are not just about creating something tangible. They’re about building problem solving skills.

Why Building Activities Enhance Problem Solving?

– encourages practical thinking: .

As your child figures out how to assemble parts, they learn to think logically and sequentially.

– Develops Spatial Awareness: 

Understanding how different pieces fit together improves their spatial intelligence.

– Fosters Creativity and Innovation: 

They’ll learn to think creatively as they design and build, especially when improvising solutions.

– Teaches Planning and Organization: 

Planning out a project helps develop organizational skills and forward-thinking.

Safe and Accessible Building Project Ideas

#6 cardboard creations: .

Use cardboard boxes to build anything from simple houses to intricate castles. This is safe, easy, and allows for endless creativity.

#7 DIY Birdhouse or Insect Hotel: 

Older children can take on projects like building a birdhouse or an insect hotel, which involves more planning and precision.

#8 Recycled Material Sculptures: 

Encourage your child to create sculptures using recycled materials. This not only sparks creativity but also teaches the value of recycling.

#9 Simple Woodworking Projects: 

Consider basic woodworking projects for teenagers, like a small shelf or a picture frame. Ensure supervision and safety measures are in place.

Remember, the goal is to challenge yet not overwhelm. Start with simpler projects and gradually increase complexity based on your child’s interest and skill level. 

Encourage their efforts, celebrate their successes, and most importantly, enjoy the process of building and learning together. This is where practical skills meet creativity, leading to effective problem solving.

Technology and Problem Solving Activities

In today’s digital age, apps and games can be much more than distractions; they can be tools for learning and development.

Why Technology Aids Problem Solving?

– interactive learning: .

Digital platforms offer interactive experiences that keep children engaged and actively learning.

– Adaptive Challenges: 

Many apps and games adjust their difficulty based on your child’s progress, providing a continuous and appropriate challenge.

– Visual and Auditory Stimulation: 

Graphics and sound in digital games enhance cognitive skills and problem solving abilities.

– Accessibility: 

Technology can offer tailored learning experiences, especially beneficial for children with special needs.

Recommended Apps and Games

#10 puzzle games: .

Look for puzzle apps that challenge spatial reasoning and logical thinking. Examples include tangram-based games or block-fitting puzzles.

#11 Strategy Games: 

Games that require planning and strategy, like turn-based strategy games or resource management simulations, are great for older children.

#12 Coding for Kids: 

Introduce basic programming concepts through kid-friendly coding apps. These teach logical thinking and problem solving in a fun, interactive way.

#13 Educational Adventure Games: 

Choose adventure games incorporating math, science, or language puzzles within an engaging storyline.

When selecting apps and games, focus on age-appropriate ones, considering your child’s interests and skill levels. The goal is to find digital tools that challenge and educate, not just entertain. 

Encourage your child to reflect on what they learn and apply these skills beyond the screen. In this way, technology becomes a valuable ally in developing your child’s problem solving abilities.

#14 Escape Room Games

Visualize your child and their friends (or your family) immersed in the thrilling world of an escape room. This isn’t just an exciting game. It’s a dynamic learning experience where essential skills are developed as they work to solve puzzles and ‘escape.’

Benefits of Escape Room Activities

– teamwork: .

Escape rooms are a fantastic way for kids to learn the value of teamwork. They discover the importance of working together, communicating effectively, and sharing tasks to achieve a common goal.

– Critical Thinking: 

These games push children to think outside the box. They must look beyond the obvious, develop creative solutions, and apply critical thinking to overcome challenges.

– Communication: 

Effective communication is crucial in escape rooms. Your child learns to express their ideas clearly, listen to others, and collaborate to solve puzzles.

– Problem Solving: 

Escape rooms are all about solving a series of puzzles. Kids learn to identify problems, analyze them, and develop creative solutions under pressure.

Creating an Escape Room Experience at Home

– diy home escape room: .

Set up a simple escape room at home. Use clues related to your child’s interests, and create challenging yet solvable puzzles. It can be a simple treasure hunt with clues leading to the next step.

– Escape Room Board Games: 

There are board games available that mimic the escape room experience. These are great for rainy days or quiet evenings at home.

– Digital Escape Rooms: 

There are also digital escape room experiences, perfect for children who enjoy online gaming. Choose ones that focus on teamwork and problem-solving that are age-appropriate.

Remember, the goal is to challenge and engage your child in a fun, collaborative way. 

Through escape room activities, they enjoy an exciting adventure and develop essential life skills that will serve them well academically and personally.

#15 Indoor Rock Climbing

This activity is often overlooked, but it’s an incredible way for children of all ages and abilities to develop many skills beyond physical strength.

Multifaceted Benefits of Indoor Rock Climbing

– problem solving skills: .

As your child figures out the best climbing route, they use critical problem solving skills. Deciding which hold to grab next requires quick thinking and strategy, skills transferable to everyday challenges.

– Coordination: 

Rock climbing demands a harmony of movements between hands and feet. This enhances your child’s coordination, a valuable skill in many other aspects of their life.

– Strength Building: 

Climbing strengthens not just the arms and legs but the entire body. It’s a full-body workout that improves physical strength and endurance.

– Stamina Development: 

Maintaining their position on the wall for an extended period builds stamina. This persistence is mirrored in their ability to stay focused on other activities.

– Focus and Concentration: 

Successfully climbing requires complete concentration. Your child learns to focus their mind on the task at hand, a skill that’s invaluable in school and other settings.

– Self-discipline: 

Rock climbing teaches self-control and emotional regulation . Staying calm and composed on the wall is essential for safety and success.

– Boosting Confidence: 

Each climb is a boost to your child’s self-esteem . Believing in their abilities to reach the top instills a sense of accomplishment and confidence.

Getting Started with Indoor Rock Climbing

– find a kid-friendly facility: .

Look for indoor climbing centers that offer sessions for children. They provide the necessary equipment and guidance in a safe environment.

– Start with Basic Walls: 

Begin with walls designed for beginners, gradually moving to more challenging climbs as your child gains confidence and skill.

– Encourage Regular Practice: 

Consistency is key. Regular climbing sessions will help your child improve their skills steadily.

Remember, rock climbing is not just about reaching the top; it’s about the journey. Each step your child takes up that wall is a step towards building essential life skills in a fun, engaging, and challenging environment.

#16 Obstacle Courses

Imagine setting up a fun, engaging obstacle course in your backyard or living room. This isn’t just an entertaining activity for your child. It’s a comprehensive learning experience that builds many life skills.

Valuable Life Skills Gained from Obstacle Courses

– teamwork and cooperation: .

Obstacle courses often require collaboration. Your child learns the importance of working together, sharing strategies, and helping peers to achieve common objectives.

Each obstacle presents a unique challenge. Your child learns to think quickly, devise strategies, and find creative solutions to navigate through them.

– Perseverance and Determination: 

Obstacle courses can be challenging, teaching your child the value of persistence and grit. They learn to keep trying, even when faced with challenging tasks.

– Large Motor Fitness: 

These courses are excellent for enhancing physical fitness, improving strength, balance, and coordination.

– Mental Fitness: 

Besides physical agility, obstacle courses sharpen mental skills like focus, concentration, and stamina.

Setting Up a Simple Obstacle Course

– indoor course: .

Use household items like chairs, cushions, and tables to create a safe indoor course. This can include crawling under tables, hopping between cushions, or balancing along a taped line on the floor.

– Outdoor Course: 

Use natural elements like trees, hills, or simple items like ropes and hula hoops for outdoor space. Set up tasks like weaving between trees, climbing small hills, or jumping through hoops.

– Incorporate Diverse Activities: 

Add variety to your course with activities like throwing a ball into a bucket, balancing a book on the head, or hopping on one foot. This keeps the course dynamic and engaging.

Remember, the primary goal is to have fun while learning. Encourage your child, celebrate their successes, and perhaps even join to model teamwork and sportsmanship.

Through obstacle courses, your child enjoys physical activity and develops crucial life skills in an exciting and hands-on way.

Cooking and Baking Projects

Cooking and baking are not just about creating delicious treats; they’re an excellent way for your child to learn and practice many skills.

Skills Developed Through Cooking and Baking

– math and measurement skills: .

Recipes require measuring ingredients, which is a practical way for your child to learn about fractions, volumes, and weights.

– Reading and Comprehension: 

Following a recipe improves reading skills and comprehension. Your child learns to follow instructions and understand the sequence of steps.

– Science and Chemistry: 

Cooking is a fun way to introduce basic science concepts. They’ll learn about chemical reactions, like how yeast makes dough rise or how heat changes food.

– Creativity and Experimentation: 

Encourage your child to be creative, whether decorating cookies or experimenting with flavors. This fosters their artistic side and teaches them about trial and error.

– Life Skills and Independence: 

Cooking and baking are essential life skills. By learning these, your child gains a sense of independence and accomplishment.

Ideas for Cooking and Baking Projects

#17 simple recipes: .

Start with easy recipes like no-bake cookies, fruit salads, or sandwiches. These are perfect for younger children.

#18 Theme Cooking: 

Make cooking more engaging by tying it to a theme or a subject they’re learning in school, like baking pies when learning about circles in math.

#19 International Cuisine: 

Explore recipes from around the world. This not only introduces new flavors but also teaches about different cultures.

#20 Weekly Cooking Day: 

Dedicate one day a week to cook or bake something special with your child. It could be a time to try new recipes or perfect old favorites.

Remember, the kitchen is a fantastic classroom. It’s a place where your child can learn, make mistakes, and enjoy the fruits of their labor! Encourage them, guide them, and most importantly, have fun together in this delicious learning journey.

Incorporating Everyday Situations

As you go about your daily routine with your child, consider the myriad learning opportunities in these simple moments. Everyday tasks, often overlooked, are fertile ground for developing problem solving skills.

Turning Routine Activities into Problem Solving Exercises

#21 grocery shopping: .

Turn a regular shopping trip into a math lesson. Have your child help with making a budget, calculating discounts, or comparing prices. They learn about money management, estimation, and decision-making.

#22 Planning a Route: 

If you’re heading out to multiple places, involve your child in planning the route. Discuss factors like distance, time, and traffic. This teaches them about logistics, time management, and geographical orientation.

#23 Organizing Spaces: 

Ask your child to think of the best way to organize it, whether it’s their room, a bookshelf, or the living room. This encourages them to think about space utilization, categorization, and orderliness.

#24 Meal Planning: 

Involve them in meal planning for the week. They can help decide the menu, ensuring a balance of nutrition. This teaches them about health, planning, and the importance of variety.

#25 DIY Home Projects: 

Simple home projects, like planting a garden or painting a fence, can be excellent problem solving exercises. They learn about the process, the necessary materials, and the steps to complete a project.

#26 Time Management: 

Encourage your child to plan their day or week, balancing schoolwork, chores, and leisure. This helps them develop critical time management and prioritization skills.

Each of these activities, while mundane, is an opportunity for your child to think critically, make decisions, and solve problems. 

The key is actively involving them, asking open-ended questions, and encouraging them to think through their choices. 

This way, everyday tasks become more than just chores. They become stepping stones in your child’s developmental journey.

Tips for Success

As you embark on these activities with your child, keeping them engaged and motivated is crucial. Here are some practical tips: 

Keeping Children Engaged and Motivated

– set achievable goals: .

Start with simple tasks and gradually increase the difficulty. Achieving these smaller goals will boost your child’s confidence and motivation.

– Incorporate Their Interests: 

Tailor activities to include your child’s hobbies or favorite subjects. This personal connection makes learning more exciting and relatable.

– Offer Positive Reinforcement: 

Praise their efforts, not just the outcomes. Celebrate their progress and perseverance, which encourages a growth mindset .

– Create a Routine: 

Establishing a consistent activity schedule helps build discipline and a sense of anticipation.

– Provide Choices: 

Give your child options in activities or ways to complete them. This sense of control can be very motivating.

– Break Down Tasks: 

For complex activities, break them into smaller, manageable steps. This makes the task more manageable and more approachable.

Adapting Activities for Children with Special Needs

– simplify instructions: .

Use clear, concise language and visual aids if necessary. Breaking instructions into smaller steps can be very helpful.

– Flexible Approach: 

Be open to adapting activities based on your child’s needs. This could mean altering the pace, reducing sensory inputs , or providing additional support.

– Incorporate Sensory Activities: 

For children who benefit from sensory input, include activities that engage different senses .

– Use Assistive Technology: 

For children with physical or learning disabilities, utilize available technology to facilitate their participation and learning.

– Foster a Safe Environment: 

Ensure the learning environment is safe, supportive, and free from unnecessary pressures or distractions.

– Collaborate with Educators and Therapists: 

Work with your child’s teachers or therapists to align activities with their educational and therapeutic goals.

Remember, being patient, adaptable, and responsive to your child’s needs and responses is vital. Your support and encouragement can make a significant difference in their learning journey.

As you step into this journey of enriching your child’s learning through these diverse activities, remember that each moment spent together is about achieving a goal and creating lasting memories and invaluable learning experiences. 

Your role in guiding and supporting your child through these activities is a powerful force in their development.

We would love to hear about your adventures and discoveries. Share your stories with us in the comments below! 

Whether it’s the proud smile of your child solving a puzzle, the excitement of completing a DIY project, or the laughter that fills your kitchen during a cooking session, your experiences can inspire and encourage other parents embarking on similar journeys.

Additional Resources for Learning

• 29 Fun Activities to Help Kids Focus (With Proven Results)
• Fun Winter Break Activities for Kids Guaranteed to Bust Boredom
• 21 Simple & Fun Gratitude Activities for Kids
• The Ultimate Guide to Summer Learning Activities (Your Child Will Love)

If you enjoyed this article, please consider sharing it on Pinterest and Facebook. Join our Special Ed Parenting Facebook Community to connect with other parents of special needs children. 

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Home / Blog / 6 Social Skills Activities for Special Needs Students

6 Social Skills Activities for Special Needs Students

Try these social skills activities for special needs students.

Developing social skills can be challenging for special needs students, but it doesn’t have to be. With the appropriate activities and resources, teachers and parents can help these students learn essential elements of communication.

Pairing age-appropriate materials with meaningful feedback and reinforcement will ensure lasting progress. When used consistently and correctly, social skills activities for special needs students can be a great way to foster cooperation, problem-solving skills, and more.

Here are some creative social skills activities to help special needs children practice their interpersonal abilities.

Role-Playing Games

Role-playing games offer a fun way to teach special needs students how to interact with others. Have them practice scenarios they may encounter in everyday life, such as introducing themselves to someone new or politely disagreeing with a peer.

Group Games

Teamwork is an essential skill to learn no matter who you are. Lead group activities that require students to work together and communicate effectively to reach a goal. This can help them develop essential skills like cooperation and problem-solving.

Conversation Starters

For special needs students who may be shy or struggle with communication, conversation starters are a great way to get them talking. Play games such as “If you could have any superpower, what would it be?” or “What was the best thing that happened today?” to help stimulate discussion and give students practice engaging in meaningful dialogue.

Conflict Resolution Activities

Special needs students will inevitably face disagreements with their peers, so teaching them how to handle these situations is essential. Give them role-playing scenarios and have them come up with solutions on how they can resolve the conflict peacefully while still standing up for themselves.

Storytelling

Encourage special needs children to use their imagination by telling stories or creating skits with others. This activity teaches collaboration, problem-solving, and creative thinking skills.

Art Projects

Expressing emotions can be difficult for some special needs children, so encourage them to express themselves through art projects such as drawing or painting. Working together on art also promotes teamwork and communication among peers.

These activities don’t have to be used in the classroom—they can also be employed at home or in other settings. It’s important to remember that every child is different and what works for one may not work for another; adjust according to individual needs. With patience and perseverance, you’ll see great results with social skills activities for special needs students!

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Teaching Problem Solving

Problem solving and thinking skills can be taught.  It is important that students be given direct instruction on the use of problem solving skills within their curriculum.

Given the secondary disabilities caused by some disorders, children will benefit from explicit instruction that includes:

• how to select the appropriate problem solving skill,
• how to gather the necessary information,
• how to apply the skill to solve a problem,
• how to shift problem-solving strategies when the original strategy is ineffective, and
• how to use the skills across academic domains and life situations . 

Specific problem solving approaches depend on the task the child has to solve.  However, there are general thinking strategies to help students learn efficiently in the classroom.

Hands-On Activities for Special Education Students

There are many different types of activities that can be done with special education students to help them learn. Many times, these students need more concrete and hands-on activities to help them understand concepts.

What are Some Teaching Strategies for Special Education Students?

Teaching strategies for special education students can vary depending on the student’s needs. There is no one teaching strategy that can work for all students with special needs. Each student requires a different approach to be successful.

Every student has unique needs, and what works for one may not work for another. However, there are some general strategies that can be effective for many students with special needs. One important strategy is to provide clear and concise instructions. This means breaking down tasks into small, manageable steps and using language that the student can understand. It can also be helpful to use visual aids such as pictures or diagrams to accompany verbal instructions. Another useful strategy is to allow ample time for the student to complete a task. This means giving them plenty of time to process information and avoiding rushing them through an activity. It can also be helpful to provide breaks throughout the lesson so the student can take a break from concentrating if needed. It’s also important to be flexible in your approach and be willing to adjust your plans as necessary based on how the student is responding. Some days may require more or less review than others, and it’s important to go at the student’s pace rather than trying to stick rigidly to a plan.

Finally, it’s essential to build positive relationships with both the student and their family members or caregivers. Special needs students often benefit from having a trusted adult they feel comfortable communicating with about their progress and any struggles they may be experiencing.

What are Examples of Hand-on Activities?

There are countless examples of hands-on activities that can be beneficial for children and adults alike. Here are just a few examples:

• Arts and crafts: Activities like painting, drawing, sculpting and other forms of creating art can be great for fine motor skills development and self-expression.
• Building with blocks or puzzles: These types of activities can help with problem-solving skills, planning ahead, and eye-hand coordination.
• Cooking or baking: Following a recipe (or making one up!) can teach patience, measuring skills, and the importance of paying attention to detail. Plus, you get to eat the delicious results!
• Gardening: Planting seeds, watering plants, pulling weeds…gardening is a great way to get outside, get some exercise, and learn about the natural world around us.

What are Some Common Hands-on Activities for Special Children?

There are countless benefits to incorporating hands-on activities into your special education students’ lesson plans. Not only do these types of activities help students learn and retain information better, but they can also be a lot of fun!

Here are some ideas for hands-on activities that can be used with special education students: 1. Use manipulatives when teaching math concepts. Manipulatives are objects that can be touched and moved around to help explain a concept. For example, use blocks or counters to teach addition and subtraction. This will allow the student to physically see and touch the numbers they are working with.

2. Get creative with art projects. Art is a great way for students to express themselves and it can also be used as a tool to teach academic concepts. For example, have students create a collage to represent fractions or use clay to sculpt three-dimensional shapes.

3. Use movement breaks throughout the day. It’s important that special education students get plenty of physical activity throughout the day because it helps them stay focused and attentive in class. 4. Modeling clay – This is a great activity for helping students understand concepts like shapes, sizes, and textures. Plus, it’s just plain fun to get messy with clay!

5. Painting – Like modeling clay, painting is another activity that can help students understand concepts like colors and mixing colors together. It’s also a great way to encourage creativity and self-expression.

6. puzzles – Puzzles are not only great for building problem-solving skills, but they can also be very calming and relaxing for students. If you have some extra time, try working on a puzzle as a class! 7. sensory bins – Sensory bins are perfect for kids who need some extra tactile input. You can fill them with anything from rice to shaving cream to water beads. Just make sure you supervise closely so that the kids don’t end up eating any of the materials!

How Do You Engage Students With Special Needs?

When it comes to engaging students with special needs, educators must first understand the individual student’s strengths, weaknesses and interests. Once this is established, lessons and activities can be designed specifically to appeal to the student and help them succeed. Here are some tips on how to engage students with special needs in the classroom: 1. Get to know your students individually. This means taking the time to learn about their unique learning styles, abilities, and interests. When you know your students well, you can more easily target instruction to meet their needs. 2. Make use of technology. Technology can be a great leveler for students with special needs, providing them with access to information and tools that they might not otherwise have. Use apps, websites and software that allow students to work at their own pace and level of ability. 3. Be flexible in your approach. Not every lesson will go according to plan but that’s okay! Be prepared to adapt your teaching methods on the fly in order to engage your students with special needs better. Try different activities or switch up the delivery of instructions until you find what works best for each individual student.

4. Encourage social interaction among classmates. It’s important for all students – including those with special needs –to feel like they belong in the classroom community. Help facilitate socialization by organizing group work or project-based learning opportunities where everyone can contribute equally.

Fun Activities for High School Special Education Students

It can be difficult to find activities that are both fun and appropriate for high school special education students. However, there are a number of options available if you know where to look. Here are some ideas for fun activities for high school special education students:

• Sports teams – Joining a sports team is a great way for students to stay active and socialize with their peers. There are many adaptive sports programs available, such as wheelchair basketball or Special Olympics.
• Art classes – Students can express themselves creatively in art classes. There are often specialized classes available for students with special needs. 3. Music therapy – Listening to music or playing an instrument can be relaxing and therapeutic for students with special needs. Music therapy sessions may be offered through the school or community.
• Drama club – Participating in a drama club can help build confidence and communication skills. Students may have the opportunity to perform in front of an audience or work behind the scenes on a stage crew.
• Outdoor recreation – Getting fresh air and spending time outdoors is important for everyone, including students with special needs. Many adaptive recreation programs are available, such as adaptive skiing or horseback riding.

Fun Activities for Special Education Students at Home

There are many fun activities that special education students can do at home to help them learn and grow. Here are just a few ideas:

• Create a sensory bin: Fill a large container with things like sand, rice, beans, or even just water and let your child explore with their hands. This is a great way to work on fine motor skills and sensory exploration.
• Make homemade pizzas: Let your child help measure and mix the ingredients, then top the pizzas with their favorite toppings. This activity works on math skills and following directions while being delicious!
• Go on a nature walk: Explore your neighborhood or nearby park and look for birds, bugs, flowers, etc. This is a great opportunity to work on observation skills and get some fresh air at the same time.

Social Skills Activities for Special Needs Students

Special needs students often have a difficult time socializing with their peers. However, there are many activities that can help these students develop the social skills they need to be successful. Here are a few social skills activities for special needs students:

• Role-playing – This activity allows students to practice how to respond in various social situations. They can role-play with each other or with adults.
• Social stories – These stories provide information about specific social situations and how to handle them. They can be read together as a class or individually.
• Group games – Games such as charades, Pictionary, and others can help special needs students learn how to interact with others in a fun way.
• Conversation starters – Prompts such as “What did you do today?” or “How was your weekend?” can help special needs students initiate conversations with their peers.

Fun Activities for Special Education Students Online

If you’re looking for ways to keep your special education students engaged and learning, there are plenty of great options available online. Here are just a few ideas:

• Use online games and puzzles to help with fine motor skills, memory, and problem-solving. Websites like www.abcya.com offer a wide variety of educational games that are both fun and challenging.
• Utilize social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter to create groups or pages specifically for your class. This can be a great way to stay connected with students and their families, share resources, and post announcements or reminders.
• Take advantage of online video conferencing tools like Skype or Google Hangouts to connect with other classrooms or experts from around the world. This can provide some amazing learning opportunities for your students!
• There are tons of great websites that offer free educational resources, lesson plans, activities, etc., specifically for special education students. A few of our favorites include www.teachtotalspecialedstudents.com and www.

Teaching students with Autism through hands on activities- special needs

Special education students often benefit from hands-on activities that help them to learn and retain information. In this blog post, we share some ideas for hands-on activities that can be used with special education students. These activities can be used to teach a variety of subjects, including math, science, reading, and writing.

Dwight Hughes Sr

I am Dwight Hughes Sr., your specialist in Special Education and Preschooler topics at EduEdify.com. Holding a PhD in Early Childhood Education, I bring a depth of knowledge and experience to guide parents and educators in nurturing the younger minds. My mission is to share evidence-based insights, cultivated from years of academic and field research, to help every child flourish during their formative years.

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• Developmental Conditions

Simple and engaging games and activities for children with special needs and autism

All children benefit from play, but a child with autism may find it difficult to participate in traditional games. Here are some interesting games that children with autism can engage in

UNICEF says play is the basic right for every child and, that is no different for a child with special needs. It's through play that your child understands the world around them, learns problem-solving, builds self-esteem and improves motor and social skills. Not to mention the sheer fun of playing. For a child with special needs, the rigorous standards and the competitive nature of traditional games can be overwhelming.

So, here are some games and activities for your child to let their hair down and have some serious fun.

Simple games and activities for children with special needs

The games listed here are suitable for all children, irrespective of their physical or psychological challenges. These games are especially suitable for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), learning disabilities, speech and language delays, Down syndrome, physical disabilities, and cerebral palsy.

Fun indoor activities for autistic children

Memory matching cards are easily available in the market. You can play this simple game by arranging pairs of matching cards face down in random order. You and your child can take turns flipping the cards. You need to flip twice, and if you get a matching pair, you can take the cards. If not, you continue playing until all the cards are matched.

Can there be anything better to boost your child's self-confidence than creating something on their own? Painting with cut vegetables and fruits is easy, and soon, your child will be beaming at the masterpiece they have created.

Blocks are a staple in every child's toy collection, so dump them out and start playing. Autistic children follow a strict routine and find it difficult to break from their repetitive behaviour. By building different structures, your child can venture into trying new things and develop creativity. You can start by asking your child to copy a structure first. Then, slowly encourage them to build structures on their own.

Dancing is great for self-expression and for keeping your child's body in shape. And all that tapping, stomping, and twirling are so much fun. Even for children who are wheelchair-bound, dancing can help with flexibility and improve upper body strength. When you incorporate music into it, your child's brain gets a boost of endorphins, the feel-good hormones which will relax them. Also, your child can hone their social skills by being involved in a dance session with friends and family.

5.  Treasure hunt

Hide your child's favourite toys or items in places where they are safe to access. You can give your child either verbal clues or visual clues, such as a drawing on a piece of paper. Don't forget to treat your child with their favourite cookies once they can find the hidden object. This fun indoor activity will help develop your child's focus and concentration and keep them engaged indoors.

6. Roll a dice

Board games are powerful tools for family bonding and learning social skills like sharing and taking turns. Choose a game of your child's liking and remember to tweak the rules to suit them with the aim of letting them have fun.

Technology activities enable a child with special needs to feel accomplished and empowered. There are many games online and apps for your child to try and learn better about the world around them.

Fun outdoor activities for autistic children

1. Playing with bubbles

Bubble play can be a fun activity for your child. One of the main benefits of bubble play is that it encourages parent-child interaction. Since your child needs your support in blowing the bubbles, your child will make more eye-to-eye contact with you or try to communicate verbally using a sound or a word. This activity is also suitable for motor development as your child will run around quite a bit trying to catch and burst the bubbles.

2. Throw a ball

Physical play can enhance your child's awareness of their body and build endurance. More than that, participating in a sports activity can greatly affect your child's psyche. Line up some plastic glasses and play a bowling game. According to your child's abilities, you can also consider including rules or involve them in a more formal game.

3. Splash in the water

Water is therapeutic. Playing in the water can calm and soothe your child's nerves. Add some bath toys to an inflatable pool for a younger child and let them have fun. Make sure an adult is supervising when the child is in the water. An older child can have fun outdoors with a garden hose or sprinkler.

4. Hide and seek

Playing a game of hide-and-seek is a great way to help your autistic child interact and socialize with their siblings or other children. As much as possible, play the game in an enclosed area and ensure supervision of your child the whole time. Use a bit of role-play to make your child understand the game and show them some safe places to hide. This game will help your child develop important social and analytical skills which are useful later in life.

Sensory activities for kids with autism

1. Create a sensory tub

Processing sensory information can be a challenge for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders or other developmental delays. A sensory bin can come in handy to integrate your child's senses and improve their attention. Take a big, shallow tub and add household items like rice, lentils, or flour. You can also add food colour to make it interesting. Let your child scoop, pour, measure, etc., and have a blast.

2. Sorting with snacks

Give your child a plate with various snacks that are different in shape, colour, and texture. Ask your child to sort the snacks based on these characteristics. You can also use this sensory activity to teach basic maths skills such as addition and subtraction. Reward your child if your child cooperates well with the activity by letting them eat the snack.

3. Colourful ice painting art

This is a fun and simple sensory activity that you can introduce to your child. Fill an ice tray with acrylic paints and allow it to freeze in the refrigerator. You can take the paints out once frozen and let your child draw beautiful patterns with them on a sheet of paper. The sensory stimulation from using the cold ice paint will surely delight your child.

4. Jewellery with yummy snacks

Making edible jewellery is one fun activity that your child is bound to enjoy. Help your child string items like ring-shaped breakfast cereals, candies, crispies, and tiny biscuits to make some stylish and yummy jewellery. Knot both ends and adorn your child with the necklace before they can start munching on it. Threading small items with holes will help improve your child's fine motor skills.

5. Create a textured sensory collage

Help your child create a sensory collage with items of distinct textures and shapes. These items could include anything from fabric, glitter, paint, and even leaves, mud, or sand. Give them a sheet of paper or cardboard on which they can stick these items to form a collage. This activity will offer them a tactile and visual experience that will keep them engaged for hours.

6. Make a glitter sensory bottle

Making a glitter sensory bottle can be a fun sensory activity for autistic children. For this activity, you will need a clean empty plastic bottle, glitter, watercolours, and a glue gun. First, fill one-quarter of the bottle with soapy water. Then, invite your child to add some glitter and watercolour to the bottle. Then, fill the bottle with warm water and seal the cap tightly with a glue gun. Letting your child play with the sensory bottle can help them stay calm and relaxed. It can also help as a calming tool to manage your child when they are having a meltdown.

7. Sensory play with textured rubbing 

Rubbing on a textured surface is a good tactile activity for children on the spectrum. Coin rubbing is one sensory activity you can incorporate into your child's daily routine. For this activity, you will need some coins, a plain piece of paper, and a pencil or crayon. Ask your child to keep the paper on top of the coin and rub the crayon over it. Not only will they enjoy creating colourful patterns, but it will also help improve their hand-eye coordination.

Social skills activities for autistic children

Socializing can be very difficult for children on the autistic spectrum. Here are some social skill activities which will help them interact and communicate with others around them.

1. Put on a show

Puppets, soft toys, and dolls give an opportunity for your child to understand abstract concepts, be involved in imaginative play, and practise spontaneity. Play a game where you line up your child's puppets and act out a scene. You can be vivid and expressive and encourage your child to follow suit. This way, your child can learn to identify emotions.

2. Follow the leader

Age: Older kids and teenagers

Autistic children often have trouble with routine daily activities. This social skill activity will help your teen perform simple activities such as making their own bed, changing their dress, or preparing breakfast. The idea is to break down a task like making the bed into three or four steps. Announce that you are going to make the bed. Show your child each step carefully and ask them to mimic your steps. With repetition, your child will be able to do this on their own. Follow the same method to teach your child to become independent with other routine tasks.

3. Emotion sorting activity

Age: Younger kids and teenagers

Kids with autism often struggle to express or identify emotions. Use this simple activity to help them learn about each emotion.

These games and activities help engage your kids and encourage them to be spontaneous and enjoy themselves.

Raghavendra K Oct 10, 2023

My daughter is 13 years old. Is there any activities available to build concentration for this age group?

Soumyadip Jana Sep 16, 2023

I'm not a specially abled child from my birth I became disabled in 2018 due to an accident.

Anonymous Sep 3, 2022

Assalam o alikum,

Thank you, you give me very good guidness, guided US very well because i face this situation . again thanks....

Anonymous Aug 25, 2021

Troy Oh Aug 16, 2019

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Autism, Parenting, & Mental Health

13 Active Games and Fun Activities for Special Needs Kids

The importance of active games for special needs kids is undeniable. It helps their physical and mental development and develops their cognitive and emotional skills.

In addition, games help your kid understand their surrounding world, build self-esteem, and learn problem-solving, creativity, and social interaction.

Traditional competitive games can be complicated and overwhelming for a special needs child.

So, here we will talk about games that are especially perfect for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). 

Hopefully, these active games and fun activities help your kid stay engaged and spontaneously enjoy every game. Let’s look at twelve active games and fun activities that children with special needs will enjoy.

Playing gaga ball offers kids a healthy way to exercise, enjoy competition, and play with players; best of all, it does not require any specialized set of skills. Even a beginner can quickly pick up the rules of playing gaga ball. To play this game, you must require a Gaga pit.

If you arrange a game session for your kid at school, camp, or other recreational centers, you need not worry about the Gaga pit as those organizations already have their Gaga pits. 

But you must ensure that your organization considers a commercial-grade gaga pit made from durable plastic for use at a school or camp setting. Otherwise, you will need to repair or replace it sooner than you realize.

As for the rules of the game – 

• Every player must touch the side or wall of the pit before starting the game.
• One person throws the ball, which is required to bounce three times.
• For the first two times, all the players sound ‘Ga,’ and the third bouncing time indicates the game starts now.
• Players can hit the ball only with their open hand.
• When the ball touches under the waist of any player, it means the player is out.
• If you are the first person to be eliminated from the game, you need to open and close the pit gate for the other players who will also be out next to you.
• If you double-touch the ball, throw it above the waist of another player, or throw it out of the pit without touching any player, it means you are out.
• When two players are left, a player may hit the ball three times in a row.
• The last player remaining in the pit will be the winner.

Hopscotch is a tricky game for children with special needs. However, it is not impossible for them. Once the children learn a few techniques, the game will be a great way to learn how to coordinate hands and body together.

Through this game, they will also exercise and learn social interaction. Some techniques that help the kids improve their hopscotch gaming skills are focusing on one task at a time, color coordinating the jumping squares, hopping, and ingratiating children.

Hide and Seek

It is also an excellent game for children with autism as it helps them socialize and interact with other children. Thus, this game helps your kid to develop analytical and social skills. This game’s rules are simple, giving the children a better playing experience. In this game, one group hides, and another group, in most cases, a single person, tries to trace their location.  

A good practice for this game can be to make children aware of dangerous places; for instance, forbid them to hide near the oven, washing machine, refrigerator, or other electrical appliances.

Another good idea for this game could be to give the kids hiding a book or other quiet but interesting activity so they do not become frustrated and impatient while waiting.

Horseback Riding

Though horseback riding is not the cheapest or readily accessible to most people, it could be an enjoyable sport for children with autism. Horses and some other animals are used in therapy because their strong and calming nature inspires and resonates with calmness within humans.

The benefits of equine therapy are as numerous as the types of disabilities and conditions served. Research shows equine-assisted service users experience physical, emotional, and cognitive rewards.  The three-dimensional, rhythmical motion of the horse’s movement stimulates the participant’s muscles, thus providing significant therapeutic effects for those with physical disabilities. 

For individuals with cognitive or emotional disabilities, the unique relationship with the horse can increase confidence, patience, and self-esteem.  In addition, each new skill learned creates new pathways in the brain and facilitates attention and learning. 

Battleships 

Battleships are perfect for children with special needs as it allows them to strengthen their strategic and planning skills. 

The rule of this game is to sink the rival’s battleship by guessing their location first. Then, they have to use their logical thinking to estimate where their opponent’s ships are. Thus, this game helps your kid develop critical reasoning and logical thinking.

Minesweeper

Minesweeper’s objective is to clear a grid of hidden mines while avoiding detonation. Players must uncover safe tiles by clicking on them, revealing adjacent mine numbers. The game combines strategy, logic, and puzzle-solving, making it captivating for all ages. 

It’s encouraged to try beginner levels at first. Start with a small grid, larger icons, and clear instructions. Encourage patience, provide guidance, celebrate achievements, and gradually increase the difficulty to promote cognitive development, memory, and problem-solving skills. Try playing it here .

Candy Land is a colorful racing game that has been popular for over seventy years. The kids require no reading skills to play this game because it does not involve verbal communication. It only requires a little counting ability and color recognition.

The game promotes the idea of turn-taking among kids. Plus, it is a good choice for kids who are on the level of 1 and 2 autism .

Ice Painting 

Colorful ice painting art is a sensory and fun activity for kids. Your child needs an ice tray and acrylic paint to play this game. You must fill the tray with these paints and let them freeze in the refrigerator.

Once they are frozen, you can take them out. Then, give your kid a sheet of paper with this paint tray to draw beautiful and colorful patterns.

They can easily create unique paintings using these ice cubes and acrylic paint. The sensory feeling of using this ice can surely delight your kids and make them more engaged in painting. 

Word Search

It is a puzzle game where your kid has to look for the hidden words that make a word complete. In this game, they must find all the words independently by looking at the letters. 

Thus, the game is an excellent way to improve their vocabulary, spelling, comprehension, reading, etc. This game also helps them to increase their concentration and focus on specific things.

Most online platforms, such as iOS or Android devices, make the word search game available for free. Plenty of paid options exist to find word games on more advanced levels.  

Parachute Games

Different types of parachute games fit children with special needs. As a parent, you need not worry about thinking you plan to skydive for your child. Instead, we are talking about these games that your child can play with both feet attached to the ground.

One of the creative ideas of this parachute game is making waves. It will be a great game for an ocean-loving child. In this game, all the children will hold different sides of the parachute and make waves using it. 

As a parent or guide of the course, you can tell them a story about rough seas, calm oceans, or somewhere in between. This parachute game promotes social interaction, cooperation, communication, and, most importantly, laughter among the kids.

Hot Balloon

In this game, a group of children must stand in a circle, holding each other’s hands. As an instructor, you need to throw a balloon above the ground. Then, instruct the players to hit the balloon and keep it off the ground.

You can set some rules for this game like they cannot break the circle, must hold each other’s hand all the time, and cannot hit the balloon with their feet. This game encourages the children to think of creative ways to keep the balloons off the ground. They will also work together to find ways.

Through teamwork and cooperation, they can come up with hitting the balloon with their head, knees, chest, etc. When the whole group works together and cooperates, there is no chance of anyone losing the game. Thus, this game becomes a fun game for everyone.

Build Structures

Almost every child loves to keep blocks in their toy collection. Kids with special needs typically follow a strict schedule. It’s challenging to keep them away from their repetitive behavior. However, when your kid has a block collection, you can motivate them to build different structures. You must cooperate if your child cannot make the structure alone. 

At first, you can make a structure and then ask your kid to imitate this. Once they get used to attaching blocks perfectly, you can suggest new structures. When they repeatedly try to make new structures, it will eventually develop their creativity. The game will also promote confidence, social skills, and spatial awareness among your kid.

Treasure Hunt

In this game, first, you must identify which items or toys are your child’s favorite. Then, you must hide those things in a safe place for your child to access. Your cooperation and interaction with your kid can make the game more interesting.

Moreover, you can give them hints to help them find their treasures. It may be visual or verbal clues, such as telling your child not to find things in dangerous places, like near electrical appliances. Or you can also draw some clues on a piece of paper.

To make your child more engaging in this game, you can offer them rewards such as chocolate, new toys, or anything they adore. Thus, this game helps them to improve their concentration and focus. It also develops their observation skills and keeps them engaged in indoor games.

If you are looking for active games for your kid, you have already found something here. Ensure that these games help your kid’s growth and productivity.

As a parent of a kid with special needs, incorporate different forms of active play and teach them how to interact with others. Also, discover the signs of anxiety in your child and find ways to cope. Though it is more challenging, it can eventually offer your kid a long-term future benefit.

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Math Interventions for Special Needs Students: Ideas and Strategies

• Sharon Dominica
• Categories : Inclusion strategies for mainstreamed classrooms
• Tags : Special ed information for teachers & parents

Teaching math to special needs children is slightly different from teaching math in a regular classroom. Within special education itself, there is a large range of abilities and a teacher will need to modify their goals and lesson plans depending on the child. Here are a collection of math interventions that you can use for children with special needs.

Learning Number Figures through Touch

Special needs children learn best with multi sensory learning . This is why learning the different number figures through touch can be very effective. Making number figures out of play dough, and playing with foam or plastic number shapes are very effective activities. Puzzles that involve making the number shape will also help develop familiarity with number figures.

Practicing Basic Number Concept

Basic number concept involves the understanding of how many objects are associated with a particular number. Children with special needs often struggle with the concept of numbers and may need a lot of practice in this area before they can be taught higher skills. Use numbers frequently in the classroom, to help the children practice. For example, ask a child if they can give you four crayons, or plan an art activity where the child has to write out and color the number 4 and then glue 4 objects next to it.

Practicing Math through Games and Art

Math should be practiced throughout the day, and games and art activities can be modified to teach various math skills. Let the children be creative as well as learn math, by asking them to draw a picture of their family, and then counting their family members with them. Play games which involve counting. You can also play elimination games and talk about subtraction.

Using Aids for Addition and Subtraction

Children with special needs, especially children with intellectual impairments, will need additional aids to help them with addition and subtraction. Teach the supportive methods early so that they can keep practicing it. One option is making lines or dots on a piece of paper and adding them or removing them for addition and subtraction. Another idea is to use fingers to learn to add and subtract.

Using Calculators

A lot of special needs children will never be able to do all the math calculations in their head. Teach these children how to use a calculator early in life. Understanding how to use a calculator and practicing its use in real-life situations will help independent living.

Focusing on Functional Goals

When we work with children, it is very important to set our teaching goals. Most children with special needs may not be able to cope with the entire range of math curriculum that other children study. A teacher will need to decide on which skills are most important for a child to learn and practice. Functional skills like weighing, measuring, use of money and arranging in numerical order are more important than division or algebra.

Consider what skills a child may need while living independently, and also while working, and make them a part of your teaching goals for the child.

Special Tools for Students with Visual Impairments

For special needs students with visual impairments, using a regular calculator can be difficult. However, there are special tools that can be used. Some examples are the abacus, a talking or large-button calculator or a math window tool. These special devices or tools must be introduced early in instruction, so that the child learns how to use them and is comfortable with them in the future.

Ideas for Fractions

Sometimes students with special needs may not be able to understand fractions, however they will need to understand commonly used terms like “half” and “quarter”. Use practical tasks like dividing cake, water or an apple, to practice fractions.

Using these ideas and thoughts on math interventions for special ed, you will now be able to stock up your classroom with daily use items for math help, to plan functional activities for both young and older students and make math real and practical for all children with special needs.

8 Fun And Fulfilling Virtual Activities For Special Needs Students

If you have a student with special needs in your class, virtual activities can be fun, engaging, and beneficial. Through virtual activities, special needs students can improve their social skills, self-regulation, cognitive development, and language skills.

This article will explain the various virtual activities that are suitable for special needs students, as well as offer tips on how to engage these students in a virtual setting. Whether it’s through music therapy or creative writing, get ready to explore how virtual activities can bring special needs students joy, stimulation, and success.

Article Contents

• 1 Simple Virtual Activities for Special Needs Students
• 2 1. Virtual Tours
• 3 2. Music Therapy
• 4 3. Creative Writing
• 5 4. Sensory Stimulation
• 6 5. Music and Movement Games
• 7 6. Virtual Field Trips
• 8 7. Interactive Storytelling
• 9 8. Online Art Projects
• 10 Benefits of Virtual Activities for Special Needs Students
• 11 1. Improve Social Skills
• 12 2. Promote Self-Regulation
• 13 3. Encourage Cognitive Development
• 14 4. Reinforce Language Skills
• 15 Tips for Engaging Special Needs Students Virtually
• 16 1. Incorporate Visuals
• 17 2. Keep Sessions Short
• 18 3. Establish a Routine
• 19 4. Create a Positive Environment
• 20 Final Thoughts

Simple Virtual Activities for Special Needs Students

Virtual activities are a great way to keep special needs students engaged and entertained while learning from the comfort of their homes. While there are many complex activities available online, we offer a selection of simple activities that can easily be implemented and enjoyed by special needs students.

One activity that special needs students may enjoy is audio meditation. Audio meditation is a great way for special needs students to relax, focus, and de-stress. Audio meditation can be as simple as asking the student to pause, close their eyes, and listen to peaceful music or a guided voice. As they listen to the audio they can focus on their breathing and allow their mind to relax.

Another great activity is an interactive story. Interactive stories allow special needs students to explore and engage with stories, characters, and worlds in a safe environment. By engaging with the characters and scenes in the story, the students are able to practice their reading and comprehension skills while having fun.

One more fun activity is drawing. Drawing can provide a great outlet for students to express their creativity while developing their fine motor skills. Students can draw a variety of things like simple shapes, animals, or even people. They can then use the drawing as inspiration for a story, a poem, or even a song.

Overall, there are a variety of simple virtual activities available for special needs students. These activities are engaging, fun, and can be easily implemented. By giving special needs students time to enjoy these activities, teachers can help to provide them with an enjoyable experience while also engaging with their studies in unique and creative ways.

1. Virtual Tours

One fun and engaging activity for special needs students is to explore the world with virtual tours. With virtual tours, students can travel to places they may not be able to go physically. This can open up their minds to new cultures and experiences without ever leaving the safety and comfort of home.

Depending on the student’s particular needs, virtual tours can be tailored to the individual with audio descriptions, photos, and videos of specific landmarks and destinations. Virtual tours can be educational and exciting, providing an interactive learning experience for special needs students.

Read also: Special Needs Kids Activities That Will Keep Them entertained!

2. Music Therapy

Music therapy is an incredibly powerful and fun activity for special needs students. Through the use of music and creativity, music therapy can provide an outlet for those with different physical and developmental needs.

With an experienced music therapist, special needs students can learn how to read music, play instruments, and write their own songs. Music therapy also helps to improve their communication and social skills, as they partake in musical activities with their peers.

Music therapy can be adapted to work in virtual sessions, allowing students to receive the same benefits from home. Music therapy is a great way for special needs students to express themselves and have fun.

Read also: Effects of Music Therapy for Special Needs Teens with Autism

3. Creative Writing

Creative writing can be a fun and fulfilling activity for special needs students. From writing short stories and poems to creating plays and scripts, students can use their imagination to express themselves in unique and creative ways.

Engaging in creative writing challenges can help students improve their communication skills, allowing them to express their ideas in a creative and organized way.

By providing guidance, special needs students can find a creative outlet to express themselves, while discovering their own strengths and interests. Creative writing activities can provide a sense of accomplishment, building confidence and self-esteem.

4. Sensory Stimulation

For special needs students, sensory stimulation can be an important part of their learning process. Virtual activities can provide a safe and engaging way to help students explore and express their sensory needs.

From interactive art programs to sensory-rich virtual reality simulations, there are plenty of options for students to explore and find what works for them. The  use of technology-based activities can provide the opportunity for students to learn and explore in a secure, supervised environment. By providing activities that appeal to their individual sensory needs, special needs students are able to engage in activities that are stimulating and enjoyable for them.

5. Music and Movement Games

Music and movement games can be a great way to engage special needs students in virtual activities. Games that combine music and physical movement can help to promote physical activity, mental stimulation, and stress relief.

Fun and interactive music-based games can also help encourage problem-solving and social interaction. Popular activities include virtual dance parties, musical “Simon Says” activities, and singing karaoke.

These activities can easily be adapted to different learning styles and can be tailored to the individual student’s interests and skills. Music and movement games can provide students with hours of fun and assist in furthering their development.

6. Virtual Field Trips

Virtual field trips are an excellent way to make learning fun and engaging for special needs students. These trips can take students to locations around the world, allowing them to explore different cultures and environments without ever leaving their homes.

With the help of modern technologies like virtual reality, virtual field trips provide an interactive, immersive experience that can facilitate real learning and understanding. Programs such as Google Expeditions, zSpace, and Discovery Education offer plenty of opportunities for students to explore historical sites or visit different countries and landmarks.

These field trips can be tailored to the individual needs of the student, making them a great way to foster an understanding of the world and broaden horizons.

7. Interactive Storytelling

Interactive storytelling is an especially fulfilling activity for special needs students. This type of activity is a great way for students to engage in creative expression, practice their communication skills, and connect with others. It also encourages problem-solving, critical thinking, and collaboration.

By collaborating with peers and creating stories, students with special needs can work together to create truly unique tales. Interactive storytelling can also be a great way to teach social and emotional skills such as storytelling, active listening, and sharing.

With this activity, special needs students have a fun and safe space to practice different skills, develop their confidence, and feel connected to the world around them.

8. Online Art Projects

Online art projects are a great way to engage special needs students and provide them with an opportunity to explore their creative side.

There are many online platforms that provide lessons and activities to help special needs students learn how to create and express themselves through art.

These activities can be tailored to the student’s ability level, allowing them to work at their own pace. Art projects can also help improve fine motor skills and allow students to build confidence in their own artistic abilities. With the right tools, any student can learn to express themselves in a safe and fun environment.

Benefits of Virtual Activities for Special Needs Students

Virtual activities are becoming increasingly popular among special needs students as they offer a fun and engaging way to engage in activities with peers.

Virtual activities can offer many benefits to special needs students that are beneficial to their learning and development.

Not only can virtual activities provide students with an interesting and stimulating environment, but it can also provide them with the opportunity to work on their social and communication skills with peers.

One of the biggest benefits of virtual activities for special needs students is the ability to access them from anywhere in the world. This gives students more freedom and flexibility when it comes to learning and engaging with peers.

It also gives parents and teachers more control over the activities that the student participates in, which helps to ensure the student is participating in activities that are appropriate and beneficial to them.

Another key benefit of virtual activities is that they are often designed specifically with special needs students in mind. This allows the activities to be tailored to the individual needs of each student, which helps to ensure that the activity is engaging and meaningful.

Furthermore, virtual activities often allow students to work on personal goals, such as developing better problem-solving and communication skills, which can greatly improve the quality of their learning experience.

Finally, virtual activities are a great way for special needs students to practice the skills they are learning in school or in therapy. By engaging in activities with their peers in a virtual setting, students can better understand and practice the skills they are learning, which can help to prepare them for real-world situations or other activities.

Engaging in activities with peers provides students with an opportunity to build relationships and develop interpersonal skills, which can help them to feel more supported and secure in their environment.

Overall, virtual activities are a great way for special needs students to engage in activities with peers that are both fun and fulfilling. Not only do they provide students with an interesting and stimulating environment, but they also allow them to develop their social and communication skills and practice the skills they are learning in school or therapy.

Virtual activities are an ideal way for special needs students to stay connected with their peers and develop life-long skills.

1. Improve Social Skills

Today’s technology offers a variety of virtual activities that are fun and fulfilling for special needs students. These activities can help special needs students develop social skills, such as communicating through text, video conferencing, and interactive educational games.

Virtual activities such as educational games, conversation groups, and virtual field trips can provide special needs students with a stimulating, enjoyable learning experience. Activities such as these can help special needs students to build stronger communication and socialization skills.

Participating in these activities can also help special needs students to better understand and relate to peers, leading to more meaningful, socially meaningful interactions.

2. Promote Self-Regulation

One important way to ensure that special needs students have an engaging and rewarding virtual learning experience is to promote self-regulation strategies. Self-regulation builds a student’s ability to manage their emotions, behaviors, and attention.

These are all essential skills for successful virtual learning. To promote self-regulation, teachers can use a variety of strategies in their virtual classrooms, such as providing designated online working space, setting short-term goals and achievable tasks, offering frequent feedback and positive reinforcement, and providing breaks and relaxation activities.

With the right guidance, special needs students can learn to self-regulate while having fun and feeling fulfilled with their virtual learning experience.

Read also: Implementing Special Needs Education: Essential Strategies

3. Encourage Cognitive Development

In addition to providing much-needed social interaction, virtual activities can also help special needs students develop their cognitive skills.

By engaging in activities that challenge them to think critically, work creatively, and problem solve — all while having fun — special needs students can gain valuable cognitive skills that can prepare them for future opportunities.

This can include activities such as playing educational games, engaging in virtual field trips, completing virtual puzzles and mazes, and even having discussions related to the material they are learning. All of these activities can help special needs students develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills, as well as creative and analytical abilities.

Read also: Special Needs Moms: Why We’re Stronger Than You Think

4. Reinforce Language Skills

Language skills are essential for success in school and life. Fortunately, virtual activities for special needs students not only can be fun and satisfying but can also help to reinforce language skills.

Utilizing virtual interactive tools such as video chat, interactive whiteboards, and online storybooks can help bring language alive for students. Games like Mad Libs and interactive activities like virtual field trips can help engage students and make learning enjoyable.

Parents and caregivers can also find online resources to create personalized activities for their students with special needs to help reinforce language learning.

With the help of these virtual activities, special needs students can find joy in learning and practicing their language skills in a safe, comfortable, and fun environment.

Tips for Engaging Special Needs Students Virtually

Engaging special needs students in virtual activities can be a challenge, especially when dealing with limited technology tools and resources. However, with a few tips and tricks, educators can create fun and fulfilling experiences for their students.

The first step in creating an effective virtual activity for special needs students is to set realistic goals. This can help provide structure and focus for the activity and will help the educator stay on track with the objectives. Make sure to consider the students’ abilities and needs when setting the goals, as this will help ensure the expectations are met.

The second step is to make the activity enjoyable. Choose activities that the students will likely find enjoyable, such as interactive games or creative projects. It’s also important to make sure the activity is accessible for all students; for example, if incorporating visuals, make sure that all students will be able to view them properly.

Make sure to provide adequate support and guidance throughout the activity. This can include providing verbal instructions, offering encouraging words, and having more experienced students help their peers. It can also be beneficial to have a live “coach” or mentor available to offer assistance.

Creating fun and fulfilling virtual activities for special needs students doesn’t have to be difficult. By setting realistic goals, making the activity enjoyable, and providing guidance and support, educators can successfully engage their students virtually.

1. Incorporate Visuals

When engaging in virtual activities with special needs students, incorporating visuals can help create a more engaging and fun experience.

Visuals like images and videos can help students with special needs better understand the activity, as well as help them stay focused and involved. Visuals can also make it easier for the teacher to explain instructions and give feedback.

There are a variety of visuals that you can choose from, like slideshows, infographics, and interactive tools. They can also create visuals of their own to help reinforce the virtual experience.

2. Keep Sessions Short

When planning virtual activities for special needs students, it’s important to keep each virtual session short. This helps to maintain the students’ enthusiasm and focus, as well as ensure that their energy levels are kept at a manageable level. Aim for sessions of around 15 to 20 minutes for maximum results.

Physical activity breaks should be included as often as possible, allowing the students to move around and relieve pent-up tension. Exercise is also known to release endorphins, which can further help to increase engagement and motivation.

3. Establish a Routine

Establishing a routine is one of the most important steps for special needs students in order to have a successful virtual learning experience. If possible, create a schedule that keeps your child’s schedule similar to their normal school day.

Aim to have dedicated time for completing schoolwork, taking breaks, and participating in extra-curricular activities. This will help your child establish a regular routine, create clarity and structure, and give them something to look forward to.

Providing a consistent space and dedicated supplies for virtual learning can help students stay organized and focused.

4. Create a Positive Environment

Creating a positive environment for special needs students is essential to the success of virtual activities. Having the right tools, such as technology, relaxation, and sensory activities, can help your students feel comfortable and supported.

Encourage your students to take breaks throughout their day and to take part in regular physical activities. Setting healthy boundaries and creating a space of trust and respect can help your students feel confident and safe in their virtual environment.

Providing positive reinforcement and meaningful rewards can help foster motivation and engagement. Finally, take time to connect with your students and listen to their needs.

These efforts will create an atmosphere of openness and collaboration that will help promote your virtual activities and bring them to life.

Final Thoughts

It is clear that virtual activities can be a fun and fulfilling way to provide learning opportunities for students with special needs. Not only can they benefit from the activities in terms of learning and development, but also in terms of social skills, self-regulation, and language skills.

While virtual learning is not the same as in-person learning, the tips to engage special needs students virtually can go a long way in fostering an efficient, fun learning environment. Virtual activities such as music and movement games, virtual field trips, interactive storytelling, and online art projects are just some of the many options that can be used to keep students with special needs engaged and challenged. With the right virtual activity, special needs students can receive the education they need while having fun at the same time.

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Home » Sensory Solutions » Fun and Affordable Sensory Play Ideas for Kids With Special Needs

Fun and Affordable Sensory Play Ideas for Kids With Special Needs

By   Jackie Nunes

October 2, 2023

Sensory play is important for the development of all children—and that’s even truer for children on the autism spectrum who might have sensory integration issues.

Whether it’s climbing a tree, squishing Play-Doh through their fingers, blowing bubbles, or burying their feet in the sand, sensory play stimulates the senses and helps children discover and understand the world around them.

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Sensory Play Ideas

Kids become more aware of cause and effect, how things work, and what their own bodies can do. For children with sensory integration challenges, these types of experiences help create connections between the pathways of the brain that are responsible for processing stimuli.

The Benefits of Sensory Play

If a child plays a game incorporating the sense of smell, it improves the ability to differentiate different scents. The child learns to like some smells, such as flowers and fruit, while other smells, such as smoke, trigger danger. The same is true of the other senses. When babies put things in their mouths, this exploration helps them learn what is soft or hard, what is warm or cold, what is smooth or rough. These distinctions can help to build vocabulary and language.

Sensory play helps to develop fine and gross motor skills, memory, spatial awareness, and problem-solving. It helps children develop the cognitive skills necessary for science and technology study including:

• Experimenting
• Drawing conclusions
• Incorporating new knowledge

Sensory play also has a calming effect on many children. Some experts believe that children on the spectrum who do a lot of “ stimming ” when are seeking a way to control and understand sensory input.

Sensory play is educational and therapeutic, but perhaps most importantly, it’s fun. To get started, here are some fun and affordable activities you can enjoy with your child.

Create Sensory Bins

Sensory bins are a common sight in preschools where children use them to explore different textures and shapes. They are inexpensive to create and can keep potentially messy activities contained. To make one, start with a plastic storage tub, a cardboard box, or a cooking tray. It should be big enough for kids to manipulate the contents without spilling. Fill your bin with things that have different colors and textures. Some options include:

• Uncooked pasta
• Shaving foam
• Buttons or beads
• Potting soil
• Shredded paper
• Unpopped popcorn

Let kids explore with their hands or use tools like spoons or sand shovels to scoop and pour. If you have a child on the autism spectrum who dislikes unusual textures, start slowly and offer a lot of positive reinforcement. You can bury objects your child likes in the bin like plastic animals, toy trucks, or other small things that don’t present a choking hazard.

Dance on a Bubble Wrap Runway

Bubble wrap is more than just a tool to keep packed items from breaking. It can also be a lot of fun. The next time you get a package in the mail, hold onto the bubble wrap. Once you have a pretty good stash, tape it securely to the floor and have a dance party on your bubble wrap runway. Let your child go wild running, hopping, and stomping on the bubbles. If you have more than one child, you can make a contest to see who can pop all of their bubbles first.

Make a Den Den Drum

Nothing is more educational than making your own musical instruments, and one of the simplest is a homemade Den Den Drum . This is a Japanese noisemaker that you twist back and forth in your palms, causing beads or pellets to hit the drum head. For the homemade version, you need:

• Wooden spoons
• Strong thread or cord

Instructions:

1. Paint or decorate your spoon in bright colors

2. Drill two holes 1 cm apart in the spoon head.

3. Thread the string through a hole and knot it to keep it in place.

4. Slide the beads on the string and tie a knot to secure them. Keep it fairly short(a few inches) so it will hit the back side of the spoon.

5. Do the same on the other side.

6. Twist your spoon back and forth to the beat of a song you know, or one you make up.

This is just one of many musical instruments you can make with household objects. With a little imagination (and online research) oatmeal canisters, paper towel tubes, rubber bands, tissue boxes, plastic Easter eggs, beans, and soup cans can become drums, maracas, ukeleles, and whistles.

Feast on Colors and Textures

There are many ways to make new tastes and textures fun. One is to make a dessert buffet with squishy, jiggly, crunchy, crispy, hot, cold, smooth, rough, soft, and hard items. Get kids involved in planning the menu and making the treats. You can include flavored gelatin, popsicles, whipped cream, pudding, Rice Krispie treats, pretzels, homemade hard candy , and more. This activity is sure to be a hit with your little chefs and even picky eaters are likely to be more open-minded about sampling their own creations.

Save the Animals!

Get your future doctors and nurses started early by making a pretend emergency room for dolls and stuffed animals. You can use a wagon as a stretcher and bandage their “wounds” with toilet paper. You can even perform CPR to save their lives.

Invent a Balloon Sport

Young children are fascinated by watching adults blow up balloons. Let your kids stretch the balloons, try to inflate them, and feel them expand as you fill them with air. Once you have a few made, try playing balloon volleyball, soccer, basketball, or a game of your own creation. Trying to keep the balloons afloat is great for hand-eye coordination.

Plant a Garden

Playing in the dirt is the ultimate grounding sensory experience, and if you plant a vegetable garden , your kids can learn a lot of lessons while they’re at it. Pick a fertile corner of your yard or get some containers and potting soil. If you’re crafty, you can make upcycled planters out of discarded items like tires or pallets. Once your garden is planted, make your own mulch out of shredded paper, cardboard, or lawn clippings. Before long, you and your kids will be able to enjoy harvesting and eating the results.

Make the World Your Playground

In addition to sensory play at home, you can encourage exploration when you’re out and about as well. Plan periodic trips to fun places such as parks, playgrounds, children’s museums, and science centers. If your child is extra sensitive to noise, bring a pair of earphones to help him/her cope. When possible, encourage him/her to pick up leaves, bugs, and objects to learn what they feel, look, smell and sound like (maybe skip taste for this one!). Safely encouraging their curiosity helps them learn to deal with their surroundings better. It’s also lots of fun!

This article was featured in Issue 86 – Working Toward a Healthy Life with ASD

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Home » Blog » General » Teaching Problem-Solving Skills to Special Education Students

Teaching Problem-Solving Skills to Special Education Students

Introduction

Problem-solving is an essential skill for students in special education. It helps them navigate through various challenges and make well-informed decisions. This blog post will provide an overview of the essential steps in problem-solving, a no-prep activity for teaching this skill, discussion questions, and related skills that can benefit students. We will also provide information on how to access free sample materials for further learning.

No-Prep Activity

Here’s a simple, no-prep activity that educators can use to teach problem-solving skills to their students:

• Divide the class into small groups of 3-4 students.
• Pick a common problem that students might face, such as forgetting their lunch or missing the school bus.
• Ask each group to discuss the problem and come up with at least three possible solutions.
• Have each group present their solutions to the class.
• As a class, discuss the pros and cons of each solution and decide which one would be the best course of action.

This activity encourages students to work together, think critically, and consider multiple solutions to a problem. It also helps them practice communication and decision-making skills.

Discussion Questions

• What are some challenges you might face when trying to solve a problem?
• How can you determine if a problem is big or small? What are some examples of each?
• Why is it important to think of multiple solutions to a problem?
• How can asking for help from an adult or a peer be beneficial when solving a problem?
• Can you think of a time when you successfully solved a problem? What steps did you take?

Related Skills

Problem-solving is closely related to several other essential skills for students in special education. Some of these skills include:

• Communication: Effectively expressing oneself and understanding others is crucial for problem-solving.
• Decision-making: After considering multiple solutions, students need to make a decision based on the pros and cons of each option.
• Self-awareness: Understanding one’s emotions, strengths, and weaknesses can help in identifying problems and seeking assistance when needed.
• Collaboration: Working together with peers or adults can lead to more effective problem-solving strategies.

If you’re interested in learning more about teaching problem-solving skills and other related skills to students in special education, we encourage you to sign up for free sample materials. Explore a variety of resources and activities designed to support social-emotional learning in the classroom. To access these free samples, visit https://everydayspeech.com/sample-materials/ .

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Teaching Conflict Resolution and Problem Solving Skills to Special Education Students

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Life Skills Activities for Special Needs Students

Teaching life skills activities for special needs students requires a unique collection of strategies considering each student’s strengths and weaknesses. Special needs students, including those with Autism, ADHD, and various physical disabilities, often require specialized approaches for effective learning. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to teaching life skills, broken down by age groups, with specific examples tailored to the needs and capabilities of these exceptional students.

IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING LIFE SKILLS

Life skills are crucial to every individual’s personal and social development. They are the basic tools necessary for a person to function effectively in life, covering everything from personal hygiene and self-care to communication and problem-solving skills. These skills help individuals to make informed decisions, interact with others, and manage their personal lives efficiently.

The importance of learning these skills cannot be overstated for special needs students. These students may face unique challenges that require additional support and resources to overcome. The aim is to help them gain a sense of independence, self-confidence, and the ability to participate in community life.

Life Skills of the Month

Teaching life skills to preschoolers.

At the preschool level, the focus is on introducing basic life skills through play and routine activities. Children at this stage are very curious and eager to learn, making it the perfect time to start teaching specific skills.

• Toilet Training:  This is one of the first major steps towards self-care that a child takes. Children with autism might need structured routine and visual schedules, while those with physical disabilities might need assistive devices. The best method is to use patience and consistency to ensure success in this process. Children with autism may need a structured approach and extra practice.
• Handwashing:  Teaching preschoolers to wash their hands with soap is an important hygiene lesson . For children with ADHD, turning the process into a fun game or song can help them focus.
• Brushing Teeth:  This is another essential hygiene routine. Using flavored toothpaste or a toothbrush with a favorite character can make the process more appealing. Step-by-step directions showing how to brush teeth can also be helpful.
• Understanding Basic Emotions:  Start teaching children to identify basic emotions like happy, sad, angry, etc. Social stories and picture cards can be effective tools for children with Autism to understand and express their feelings.

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL YEARS: KINDERGARTEN TO SECOND GRADE

Elementary school years are the time to build on the basics learned in preschool and introduce new skills.

• Dressing Independently:   Dressing appropriately for different occasions and choosing appropriate clothes for the weather is crucial. For children with physical disabilities, adaptive clothing might be helpful.
• Understanding Time and Days:  Teaching children the basics of time management using the concept of yesterday, today, and tomorrow aids their comprehension of time. Using visual aids such as a calendar can assist children with autism and other disabilities in understanding this concept.
• Basic Household Chores:  Teaching basic skills such as chores like putting toys away, making the bed, or feeding a pet are practical. This teaches responsibility and basic household skills.
• Communication Skills:  Encourage basic conversation skills by teaching them to introduce themselves, make eye contact, and listen when others are speaking. Role-playing can be a helpful tool here to teach these practical skills, especially for children with autism.

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL YEARS: THIRD TO FIFTH GRADE

As children grow older, the complexity of life skills activities for special needs students should also increase.

• Preparing Simple Meals:  Teach them to make healthy snacks or simple breakfast. Always supervise to ensure safety. This can be reinforced through student worksheets and parent or teacher instructions.
• Money Skills:  Begin with identifying coins and bills and understanding the concept of change. Board games involving money can make this fun and interactive to promote student learning.
• Activities for Daily Living Skills (ADL):  Introduce them to ADL activities such as laundry, meal preparation, washing dishes, and more. This can be made into a fun activity with rewards for completion.
• Writing Skills:  Encourage them to write thank-you notes, letters, or keep a journal. This helps in improving their writing skills and expressing their thoughts. This is an excellent activity in the general education classroom using reproducible worksheets too

Life Skills: Chores, Routines, and Responsibilities

Life skills activities for special needs students in middle school.

Middle school is a transitional phase where students start to face more complex social scenarios with their peers and personal responsibilities. The introduction of more advanced life skills activities is crucial at this stage.

• Digital Literacy:  Lesson plans in this age group should focus on teaching students how to use social media responsibly. They need to comprehend the importance of privacy, respectful communication, and how to distinguish between reliable and unreliable news sources. These activities should also promote self-awareness about the influence of social media on their lives. Discuss and teach proper cell phone manners as well.
• Time Management:  Complete activities using planners or digital tools for organizing their homework, chores, and extracurricular activities. Children with ADHD might benefit from visual timers or apps designed to help with focus and organization.
• Basic Cooking Skills:  Start teaching them to prepare healthy meals with supervision. Gradually increase the complexity of the meals as they become more confident in their cooking skills.
• Personal Hygiene: Teach and review the importance of self-care, keeping a clean body and managing puberty.
• Managing Emotions and Stress:  Teach techniques for conflict resolution, handling peer pressure, friendship skills, and managing stress. Mindfulness activities or yoga can be beneficial, especially for students with ADHD, to help focus and calmness.
• Everyday Math Skills/ Everday Writing Skills:  Be sure to review and teach basic concepts around money management and everyday writing tasks such as note-taking.
• School Skills:  Middle school students need to learn organizational skills, study skills, planning assignments, homework management and more as they become more independent in their academic journey.

LIFE SKILLS ACTIVITIES FOR SPECIAL NEEDS STUDENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL

As teens enter high school, the focus shifts towards more complex life skills that prepare them for adulthood and personal life choices. Secondary students require instruction in practical living skills and job skills. Determine their present skills and set goals . This teenage life skills checklist may help too.

• Financial Literacy:  Teach them about banking options, how to use an ATM, the basics of credit cards and debit cards, and making a personal budget. Real-world context examples like planning a vacation, making the correct change, making responsible financial decisions, or comparing unit pricing at a grocery store can be useful.
• Advanced Communication Skills:  Encourage participation in group projects and social events to enhance their communication and teamwork skills. Role-playing different scenarios can help them understand the importance of nonverbal messages, active listening, and resolving misunderstandings. Becoming a responsible citizen should be a focus of lessons.
• Job Skills:  Introduce basic job training, writing resumes, and interview techniques. Consider arranging a work part-time experience or volunteering opportunity to give them real-world context and work experience. Help them set realistic vocational goals. Remember to fade prompts or interactions as the students become more independent.
• Self-Care and Health:  Discuss the importance of regular exercise, healthy eating, personal safety, and the dangers of smoking or vaping. Provide resources for understanding and managing mental health issues such as depression. Remind students that hobbies and leisure activities can also help with overall health.
• Transportation:  Teach skills to help older students with public transportation, reading a community map, and learning about community resources.

Teaching life skills to special needs students is a continuous process, requiring patience, understanding, and flexibility. Remember to build upon a child’s strengths when you are teaching life skills. It’s essential to provide a supportive learning environment, adapt to the unique needs of each student, and celebrate every achievement, no matter how small.

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Access for students with disabilities.

All students are individuals who can know, use, and enjoy mathematics. These materials empower students with activities that capitalize on their existing strengths and abilities to ensure that all learners can participate meaningfully in rigorous mathematical content. Lessons support a flexible approach to instruction and provide teachers with options for additional support to address the needs of a diverse group of students.

Curriculum features that support access

Each lesson is carefully designed to maximize engagement and accessibility for all students. Purposeful design elements that support access for all learners, but that are especially helpful for students with disabilities, include:

Lesson Structures are Consistent

The structure of every lesson is the same: warm-up, activities, synthesis, cool-down. By keeping the components of each lesson similar from day to day, the flow of work in class becomes predictable for students. This reduces cognitive demand and enables students to focus on the mathematics at hand rather than the mechanics of the lesson.

Concepts Develop from Concrete to Abstract

Mathematical concepts are introduced simply, concretely, and repeatedly, with complexity and abstraction developing over time. Students begin with concrete examples, and transition to diagrams and tables before relying exclusively on symbols to represent the mathematics they encounter.

Individual to Pair, or Small Group to Whole Class Progression

Providing students with time to think through a situation or question independently before engaging with others allows students to carry the weight of learning, with support arriving just in time from the community of learners. This progression allows students to first activate what they already know, and continue to build from this base with others.

Opportunities to Apply Mathematics to Real-World Contexts

Giving students opportunities to apply the mathematics they learn clarifies and deepens their understanding of core math concepts and skills and provides motivation and support. Mathematical modeling is a powerful activity for all students, but especially students with disabilities. Each unit has a culminating activity designed to explore, integrate, and apply all the big ideas of the unit. Centering instruction on these contextual situations can provide students with disabilities an anchor on which to base their mathematical understandings.

Instructional strategies that support access

The following general instructional strategies can be used to enhance access for all students to rigorous, grade-level content: 

Eliminate Barriers

Eliminate any unnecessary barriers that students may encounter that prevent them from engaging with the important mathematical work of a lesson. This requires flexibility and attention to areas such as the physical environment of the classroom, access to tools, organization of lesson activities, and means of communication.

Processing Time

Increased time engaged in thinking and learning leads to mastery of grade-level content for all students, including students with disabilities. Frequent switching between topics creates confusion and does not allow for content to deeply embed in the mind of the learner. Mathematical ideas and representations are carefully introduced in the materials in a gradual, purposeful way to establish a base of conceptual understanding. Some students may need additional time, which should be provided as required.

Assistive Technology

Assistive technology can be a vital tool for students with learning disabilities, visual spatial needs, sensory integration, and students with autism. Assistive technology supports suggested in the materials are designed to either enhance or support learning, or to bypass unnecessary barriers.

Manipulatives

Physical manipulatives help students make connections between concrete ideas and abstract representations. Often, students with disabilities benefit from hands-on activities, which allow them to make sense of the problem at hand and communicate their own mathematical ideas and solutions.

Visual Aids

Visual aids such as images, diagrams, vocabulary anchor charts, color coding, or physical demonstrations are suggested throughout the materials to support conceptual processing and language development. Keeping relevant visual aids posted in the classroom supports independence by allowing students to access them as needed, and is especially beneficial for students with challenges related to working or short term memory.

Graphic Organizers

Word webs, Venn diagrams, tables, and other metacognitive visual supports provide structures that illustrate relationships between mathematical facts, concepts, words, or ideas. Graphic organizers can be used to support students with organizing thoughts and ideas, planning problem solving approaches, visualizing ideas, sequencing information, and comparing and contrasting ideas.

Brain Breaks

Brain breaks are short, structured, 2–3 minute movement breaks taken between activities, or to break up a longer activity (approximately every 20–30 minutes during a class period). Brain breaks are a quick, effective way of refocusing and re-energizing the physical and mental state of students during a lesson. Brain breaks have also been shown to positively impact student concentration and stress levels, resulting in more time spent engaged in mathematical problem solving. This universal support is beneficial for all students, especially those with attention challenges or disorders.

Access for Students with Disabilities

Supplemental instructional strategies, labeled “Access for Students with Disabilities,” are included in each lesson. They are designed to help teachers meet the individual needs of a diverse group of learners. Each  is aligned to one of the three principles of Universal Design for Learning, to provide multiple means of engagement, representation, or action and expression, and includes a suggested strategy to increase access and eliminate barriers. These lesson specific supports can be used as needed to help students succeed with a specific activity, without reducing the mathematical demand of the task, and can be faded out as students gain understanding and fluency. 

The following areas of cognitive functioning are integral to learning mathematics (Addressing Accessibility project, Brodesky et al., 2002), and are indicated in each access support, so that teachers can leverage students’ strengths to address potential barriers or challenges that exist in the learning environment.

Conceptual Processing includes perceptual reasoning, problem solving, and metacognition.

Language includes auditory and visual language processing and expression.

Visual-Spatial Processing includes processing visual information and understanding relation in space of visual mathematical representations and geometric concepts.

Organization includes organizational skills, attention, and focus.

Memory includes working memory and short-term memory.

Attention includes paying attention to details, maintaining focus, and filtering out extraneous information.

Social-Emotional Functioning includes interpersonal skills and the cognitive comfort and safety required in order to take risks and make mistakes.

Fine Motor Skills includes tasks that require small muscle movement and coordination such as manipulating objects (graphing, cutting with scissors, writing).

The additional supports for students with disabilities were designed using the Universal Design for Learning Guidelines (http://udlguidelines.cast.org). Each support aligns to one of the three principles of UDL: engagement, representation, and action and expression.

Engagement:

Students’ attitudes, interests, and values help to determine the ways in which they are most engaged and motivated to learn. Supports that align to this principle offer instructional strategies that provide students with multiple means of engagement and include suggestions that, help provide access by leveraging curiosity and students’ existing interests, leverage choice around perceived challenge, encourage and support opportunities for peer collaboration; provide structures that help students maintain sustained effort and persistence during a task, and provide tools and strategies designed to help students self-motivate and become more independent.

Representation:

Teachers can reduce barriers and leverage students’ individual strengths by inviting students to engage with the same content in different ways. Supports that align to this principle offer instructional strategies that provide students with multiple means of representation and include suggestions that offer alternatives for the ways information is presented or displayed, help develop students’ understanding and use of mathematical language and symbols; illustrate connections between and across mathematical representations using color and annotations, identify opportunities to activate or supply background knowledge, and describe organizational methods and approaches designed to help students internalize learning.

Action and Expression:

Throughout the curriculum, students are invited to share both their understanding and their reasoning about mathematical ideas with others. Supports that align to this principle offer instructional strategies that provide students with multiple means of action and expression and include suggestions that encourage flexibility and choice with the ways students demonstrate their understanding; list sentence frames that support discourse or accompany writing prompts; indicate appropriate tools, templates, and assistive technologies; support the development of organizational skills in problem-solving; and provide checklists that enable students to monitor their own progress.

For additional information about the Universal Design for Learning framework, or to learn more about supporting students with disabilities, visit the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) at https://www.cast.org/impact/universal-design-for-learning-udl.

Brodesky et al. (2002). Accessibility strategies toolkit for mathematics. Education Development Center. https://courses.edtechleaders.org/smi_3/documents/2020/MathAccessStrategies.pdf

CAST (2018). Universal design for learning guidelines version 2.2. Retrieved from http://udlguidelines.cast.org

Accessibility for Students with Visual Impairments

Features built into the materials that make them more accessible to students with visual impairments include:

A color palette using colors that are distinguishable to people with the most common types of color blindness.

Tasks and problems designed such that success does not depend on the ability to distinguish between colors.

Mathematical diagrams are presented in scalable vector graphic (SVG) format, which can be magnified without loss of resolution, and are possible to render in Braille.

Where possible, text associated with images is not part of the image file, but rather, included as an image caption that is accessible to screen readers.

Alt text on all images, to make the materials easier to interpret for users accessing the materials with a screen reader.

If students with visual impairments are accessing the materials using a screen reader, it is important to understand:

All images in the curriculum have alt text: a very short indication of the image’s contents, so that the screen reader doesn’t skip over as if nothing is there.

Some images have a longer description to help a student with a visual impairment recreate the image in their mind.

It is important for teachers to understand that students with visual impairments are likely to need help accessing images in lesson activities and assessments, and prepare appropriate accommodations. Be aware that mathematical diagrams are provided as scalable vector graphics (SVG format), because this format can be magnified without loss of resolution.

Accessibility experts who reviewed this curriculum recommended that students who would benefit should have access to a Braille version of the curriculum materials, because a verbal description of many of the complex mathematical diagrams would be inadequate for supporting their learning. All diagrams are provided in the SVG file type so that they can be rendered in Braille format.