A Systematic Review of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Growing Global Health Concern
Affiliations.
- 1 Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, GBR.
- 2 Cardiovascular Science, Impulse Hospital, Dhaka, BGD.
- 3 College of Medicine, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD.
- 4 Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD.
- 5 Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London, London, GBR.
- 6 Surgical Science Programme, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GBR.
- PMID: 36381818
- PMCID: PMC9644238
- DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30119
Cardiovascular disease has become a growing global and public health concern among non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The purpose of the study was to focus on the increasing prevalence of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), irrespective of age and gender, and its effect on public health worldwide. A literature search was done in the electronic database: Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the World Health Organization (WHO) website, based on recent research and the prevalence of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, a manual search for published work has also been done. The coronary heart disease studies were not restricted during the search by sample size because of the limited number of studies in selected countries. The study reviews the potential risk factors responsible for coronary heart disease globally. Smoking was highly prevalent among the United States and Pakistani populations, but hypertension and diabetes were more common in Tanzania and the United Kingdom. However, dyslipidaemia and obesity were common in almost all the selected countries. CVD risk factors are highly prevalent in some countries, varying socioeconomic, gender, and educational levels. Furthermore, there has always been a need for awareness in the public and educational programs for a healthy lifestyle, intake of nutritional food, and increased physical activity to improve health conditions and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: awareness of cardiovascular disease; cardiac risk factors and prevention; global burden; risk factors of cardiovascular diseases; traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Copyright © 2022, Adhikary et al.
Publication types
COMMENTS
This systematic review focuses on the prevalence of the potential risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, irrespective of age and gender, and its impacts on global public health. Furthermore, the study aims to draw attention to the need for health practitioners to ensure early interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease and its complications.
icant stenosis (C 50%) and critical disease were found in 5.2% and 1.9% of the cohort, respectively. The disease onset was delayed on average by 10 years in women and was driven by age and cardiovascular risk factors. Almost half of patients with CAC score greater than 400 had significant stenosis. Finally, 5.5% of patients with
The primary outcome was composite of death from cardiovascular causes, stroke, or hospitalization with worsening of heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. Median follow-up time was 5.1 years. Findings: The study included 785 patients (median age 71 years, 62% male) with 442, 211 and 132 having EF ≥ 50%, 40% to 49%, and less than 40% ...
Substantial evidence has established the value of high levels of physical activity, exercise training (ET), and overall cardiorespiratory fitness in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews some basics of exercise physiology and the acute and chronic responses of ET, as well as the effect of physical ...
Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, is the leading cause of illness and death in the United States. There are an estimated 62 million people with cardiovascular disease and 50 million people ...
Cardiovascular risk factors are known to increase cardiovascular disease risk differently across various geographic regions. 2,18 Among them, high blood pressure is associated with up to 13.5% of ...
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Cardiovascular disease in the literature: a selection of recent original research papers Wael A. AlJaroudi, MD, FASNC,a and Fadi G. Hage, MD, FAHA, FACC, MASNCb,c a Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA b Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Updated review of contemporary guidance and literature August 2020 JRSM Cardiovascular Disease 9(1):204800402094932
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of. global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the ...
Abstract. Cardiovascular disease has become a growing global and public health concern among non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The purpose of the study was to focus on the increasing prevalence of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), irrespective of age and gender, and its effect on public health worldwide.
ABSTRACT. OBJECTIVES: (1) To review the literature on cardiovascular disease management programs in managed care populations, (2) compare the rigor of the studies and their findings by disease state, and (3) posit directions for future research. SUMMARY: A total of 20 studies conducted in managed care populations were reviewed: 5 in patients ...
Many of the multidisciplinary CHF disease management programs were more complex than were programs for hypertension and hyperlipidemia-CAD, due, at least in part, to the nature of the disease. OBJECTIVES: (1) To review the literature on cardiovascular disease management programs in managed care populations, (2) compare the rigor of the studies and their findings by disease state, and (3) posit ...
Results. The literature review included 113 studies on meaning and CVD. The included studies described meaning as a predictor of cardiovascular risks and health, meaning-centered needs of patients in conversations with medical staff, meaning-centered changes after CVD events, meaning-centered coping with CVD, meaning as motivator of CVD-related lifestyle changes, and meaning as an element in ...
To provide a broader view of the existing literature, this study takes a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to uncover the challenges associated with imbalanced data in heart diseases ...
Frailty is increasingly recognized as a significant health concern, particularly due to its association with cardiovascular pathologies. This study aims to examine how vascular endothelial dysfunction, a known premorbid stage in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, contributes to the link between cardiovascular illness and frailty. Methods: The inclusion criteria allowed us to focus ...
A Comprehensive Review on Heart Disease Prediction Using Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques October 2020 American Journal of Artificial Intelligence 4(1):20-29