case study ielts reading

IELTS Reading: Cambridge 13 Test 1 Reading Passage 1, Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website; with best solutions, explanations and bonus tips

This IELTS Reading post deals with a total solution package for IELTS Cambridge 13 Reading test 1 passage 1 . This is a targeted post for candidates who have major difficulties in finding and understanding Reading Answers. This post can guide you the best to understand every Reading answer easily and without much difficulty. Finding IELTS Reading answers is a step-by-step process and I hope this post can help you in this respect.

Reading Passage 1 :

The headline of the passage: case study: tourism new zealand website.

Questions 1-7 ( Completing table with ONE WORD ONLY):

In this type of question, candidates are asked to write only one word to complete a table on the given topic. For this type of question, first, skim the passage to find the keywords in the paragraph concerned with the answer, and then scan to find the exact word.

[ TIPS: Here scanning technique will come in handy. Target the keywords of the questions to find the answers. Remember to focus on Proper nouns, random Capital letters, numbers, special characters of text etc.]

Question 1: allowed businesses to ______ information regularly.

Keywords for these answers: database, allowed businesses, information, regularly,

In paragraph no. 2, we find the mention of the word ‘database’ in the third line. Here, lines 8 & 9, the writer mentions, “In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis….”.

Here, details = information

So, the answer is: update

Question 2: provided a country-wide evaluation of businesses, including their impact on the _________.

Keywords for this answer: database, country-wide evaluation, impact on

The last line of paragraph no. 2 has the answer. Here, the writer suggests, “As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.”

Here, effect = impact

So, the answer is: environment

Question 3: e.g. an interview with a former sports __________.

Keywords for this answer: special features, interview, a former sports

The answer can be found in paragraph 3, lines 1-3. The words ‘interview’ and ‘former’ are formed in line number 2. The writer says, “.. .. . One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga.”

Here, rugby = sports

So, the answer is: captain

Question 4: and an interactive tour of various locations used in ________.

Keywords for this answer: interactive tour, various locations

The answer is in paragraph 3, lines 4-5. The lines say, “…… was an interactive journey through a number of locations chosen for blockbuster films …… ..”.

Here, journey = tour,

A number of locations = various locations,

Chosen for = used in,

So, the answer is: films

Question 5: varied depending on the __________.

Keywords for these answers: driving routes, varied, depending on

Paragraph 3, lines 8-9 has the answer to this question. The lines say, “…. . .the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season ….. . .”.

Here, different = varied,

according to = depending on,

So, the answers are: season

Question 6: including a map showing selected places, details of public transport and local _______.

Keywords for this answer: travel planner, a map, public transport, local

The answer lies in paragraph no. 4, line 4. The paragraph begins with ‘travel planner’. In the subsequent lines, we can find the mention of ‘public transport’. In line no. 4 it says, “… . There were also links to accommodation in the area.”

Here, the phrase ‘in the area’ can be replaced with the word ‘local’.

So, the answer is: accommodation

Question 7: travelers could send a link to their ________.

Keywords for this answer: ‘Your Words’, travelers, send, link to,

The answer is in paragraph no. 4. ‘Your Words’ is the name of a section of the website www.newzealand.com. We can see that the phrase ‘Your Words’ is present in line 6 of paragraph 4. So, we need to read lines 6 & 7 to find the answer.

The author says, “ ….. . . The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.”

Here, anyone could submit = travelers could send a link to

So, the answer is: blog

Questions 8-13: (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)

In this type of question, candidates must find out whether:

The statement in the question matches with the account in the text- TRUE The statement contradicts the account in the text- FALSE There is no clear connection of the statement with the account in the text- NOT GIVEN

Question 8: The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

Keywords for this answer: the website, aimed, itineraries, travel packages

To find the answer to this question, look for the words itineraries and travel packages. The answer is in Paragraph 6. Here, lines 1 and 2 say, “ The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organizations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests.”

This means that the aim of the website was to allow individuals and travel organizations to do their work on their own, the website did not provide any ready-made itineraries and travel packages.

The statement clearly contradicts the text.

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 9: It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

Keywords for this answer: started searching, geographical location

The answer is not anywhere in the passage. The question is about starting the search in the website.

In paragraph 6 line 3, the author says, “…… visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical locations, but also by the particular nature of the activity.” However, nowhere it says anything about starting the search.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 10: According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

Keywords for this answer: 26%, visitor satisfaction, accommodation

** Special answer-finding technique:

There is a number in the question (26%). If the answer is TRUE, 26% has to be in the text. For FALSE, the number will be different; or, the number will be 26% (but it will be related to other matters). If the number is still 26%, yet it doesn’t match with other keywords, the answer will be NOT GIVEN.

The answer is in lines 4, 5 & 6 of paragraph no. 6. Here, the writer says, “This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction , while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26% .”

Here, the lines clearly contradict the question. Transportation and accommodation account for 26%. Visitor satisfaction accounts for 74%. If only accommodation accounted for 26%, we could write TRUE.

Question 11: Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

Keywords for this answer: like to, involved, local nature

The answer lies in lines 7-9 of paragraph 6. The author says, “…. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn more about traditional life.”

It means that visitors like to engage in local culture.

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 12: Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

Keywords for this answer: like staying, small hotels

In paragraphs 6 & 7, there is no mention of staying in hotels. There is no comparison between small and large hotels also.

So the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 13: Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

Keywords for this answer: feel, unlikely, will return, after their visit

The answer is in paragraph 7. Here, lines 4 and 5 states, “Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit .”

Here, the phrase ‘often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit’ means that there is a very low possibility that the visit will happen again.

So the answer is: TRUE

Bonus tips:

You must pay attention to WORD LIMIT. For instance, if you have to complete a sentence using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS; and the correct answer in the text is ‘dress made of cotton’, you cannot write the answer as ‘dress made of cotton’. You need to change it to ‘cotton dress’.

If you like this post, and need any assistance about IELTS Reading, please make comments below.

Click here for solutions to Cambridge 13 Reading Test 1 Passage 2

Click here for solutions to Cambridge 13 Reading Test 1 Passage 3

Important vocabulary with explanations for Cambridge 13 Test 1 Reading Passage 1, 2, 3

59 thoughts on “ IELTS Reading: Cambridge 13 Test 1 Reading Passage 1, Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website; with best solutions, explanations and bonus tips ”

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thanku really it’s very helpfull

Thank you for help

it was very helpful, thanks!.

Thank u ???

i although questions were all completely explained, i did n’t understand question number 10.

The question asks you to decide whether 26% visitor satisfaction is related to accommodation. We find in the passage, 26% visitor satisfaction is related to accommodation and transport. So, here in the question, transport is missing. This is why the answer is “FALSE’.

u meant that 26% is divided in transportating and accommodation acc. to passage.

There is a number in the question (26%). If the answer is TRUE, 26% has to be in the text. If it is FALSE, the number will be different; or, the number will be 26% (but it will be related to other matters). If the number is still 26%, yet it doesn’t match with other key-words, the answer will be NOT GIVEN.

The answer can be found in lines 4, 5 & 6 of paragraph no. 6. Here, the writer says, “This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%.”

In there,it was written like transport AND accommodation account for remaining 26%. Not ooonly accommodation account for 26% of visitor satisfaction. It is with transport

Thank you so much, it is very helpful

Plzz Sir mainu tusi mcq diya teps diyo reading diya v te listening diya v plzz mainu bht jada problem aa rhi aa ohna nu solve krn ch te ik headings diya v

Hello Kamaljeet, I don’t understand Punjabi much and I didn’t get clearly from what you wrote. But as far as I can understand you, I think you have problems in MCQs. Plz follow my other lessons and surely you’ll get help in this question type. For Headings, I have some good works available in this website.

Hlo sir mainu mcq ch bht problem aa rhi aa te heading ch v plzz mainu ehna dona diya tips dedo menumeration listening ch v mcq di hi problem aundi a jada plzz help me

Super helpful! Thank you so much!

If i add some explanations,

The reason NG isn’t the correct answer: As far as the ‘transport’ was mentioned along with accommodation as one of the factors contributing to the 26% of visitors satisfaction on the paraghagh, we cannot ignore transport’s contribution to the 26%. So, it means there is definitely certain percent related to ‘transport’. And, this means accommodation cannot account for the whole 26%, which is contradicting the sentence of No.10 question. Thereby the evidence to decide whether the No.10 sentence is right or wrong is clearly given on the paragragh, and the answer is F.

I figured it out this way. Hope this helpful to you.

Dear Kimmy, the way you explained can be considered correct. The way I explained it can also be taken as correct.

Hello sir My reading scores had stucked on 5.5 bands and I have exam on 29th June pls share me some tips to crack my ielts.

Dear Rikta, Try to follow these suggestions. 1. give importance in synonyms. 2. learn the tricks of paraphrasing. 3. do not take more than 1 minute in each question. 4. Try to guess some answers. 5. Be careful about proper nouns and use of capital letters. 6. try to practice some mock tests before your exam. 7. Remember you can’t solve all types of questions. so give importance on the types you are comfortable with.

Is it okay to write all your answers in capital letters?

YES, for Reading and Listening. Not for Writing.

Thank you so much! It’s really helpful ??

Its really a most helpful website

I need tips in paragraph type questions nad match the heading

Please share some techniques regarding solving list of heading or match the statement with paragraph…please!

Sir I don’t understand Question 13 What does the question mean ?

Dear Yoon, Thanks for the question. Question 13: Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit. This question means that many visitors fear that they may not return to New Zealand after their visit.

I’m very confused between not given and false. Please give me some tips.

http://ieltsdeal.com/ielts-reading-how-to-find-answers-for-true-false-not-given-or-yes-no-not-given-questions-best-strategies-methodstricks-and-tips/

Thank you Najib for useful support. It is rare that anyone who gives explanation of IELTS reading with tips. Everybody gives simple tips only, what makes difference between you and them. Request explanation on rest of the Cambridge books. Its really really helpful and useful. Your website is unique.

Welcome! And I request you to pray for me. And the rest is coming. Work is going on.

i didn’t understood the answer of quest 10.. can u plz hlp me.. i have doubt that why it is false because it clearly said that 26 % accounts for transport and accommodation

26% = accommdation + transportation, not accommodation alone. Our key word here is’ accommodation’ and it is very much necessary to understand the clear and exact meaning of each question for true/false questions in general.

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Hlo sir muja heading ma bhut didn’t aa Rahe ba

Can you write that in English, please?

hi guys , i have a question is that if i use the word blockbusters instead of films , is it correct ?

blockbusters = films which have broken all sorts of records

It’s really very helpful.

I’m delighted to hear that. Thank you. Here’s my YouTube channel for your consideration: https://www.youtube.com/c/IELTSDeal

where are you from sir?

I’m from Bangladesh.

What is the main different between yesnong and truefalseng?

Thanks alot, this is really explanatory and I find it helpful

Welcome! You can follow my YouTube Channel as well: https://www.youtube.com/c/IELTSDeal/

In fact your website has been of a tremendous help to me. I understood true, false and not given from your website.. But I still need help in the other part too, writing listening n speaking My date is very close that is 2nd Dec n 5th

Thank you so much, it’s really helpful for me!!!

GREAT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

very helpful

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Thanks for your clear explanation. It really helps to deal with reading tasks. I really appreciate you.

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READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website

New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country’s gross domestic product, and is the country’s largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself – the people, the places and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand’s scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world.

A key feature of the campaign was the website www.newzealand.com, which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism service to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organised a scheme whereby organisations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.

To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand’s stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travelers devise their own customised itineraries. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.

Later, a Travel Planner feature was added, which allowed visitors to click and ‘bookmark’ places or attractions they were interested in, and then view the results on a map. The Travel Planner offered suggested routes and public transport options between the chosen locations. There were also links to accommodation in the area. By registering with the website, users could save their Travel Plan and return to it later, or print it out to take on the visit. The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.

The Tourism New Zealand website won two Webby awards for online achievement and innovation. More importantly perhaps, the growth of tourism to New Zealand was impressive. Overall tourism expenditure increased by an average of 6.9% per year between 1999 and 2004. From Britain, visits to New Zealand grew at an average annual rate of 13% between 2002 and 2006, compared to a rate of 4% overall for British visits abroad.

The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organisations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests. On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%. The more activities that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. Many long-haul travelers enjoy such learning experiences, which provide them with stories to take home to their friends and family. In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don’t want to be ‘one of the crowd’ and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.

It could be argued that New Zealand is not a typical destination. New Zealand is a small country with a visitor economy composed mainly of small businesses. It is generally perceived as a safe English-speaking country with a reliable transport infrastructure. Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit. However, the underlying lessons apply anywhere – the effectiveness of a strong brand, a strategy based on unique experiences and a comprehensive and user-friendly website.

Questions 1-7

Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

Questions 8-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8 The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

9 It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

10 According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

11 Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

12 Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

13 Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Why being bored is stimulating – and useful, too

This most common of emotions is turning out to be more interesting than we thought

We all know how it feels – it’s impossible to keep your mind on anything, time stretches out, and all the things you could do seem equally unlikely to make you feel better. But defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult. For a start, it can include a lot of other mental states, such as frustration, apathy, depression and indifference. There isn’t even agreement over whether boredom is always a low-energy, flat kind of emotion or whether feeling agitated and restless counts as boredom, too. In his book, Boredom: A Lively History , Peter Toohey at the University of Calgary, Canada, compares it to disgust – an emotion that motivates us to stay away from certain situations. ‘If disgust protects humans from infection, boredom may protect them from “infectious” social situations,’ he suggests.

By asking people about their experiences of boredom, Thomas Goetz and his team at the University of Konstanz in Germany have recently identified five distinct types: indifferent, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic. These can be plotted on two axes – one running left to right, which measures low to high arousal, and the other from top to bottom, which measures how positive or negative the feeling is. Intriguingly, Goetz has found that while people experience all kinds of boredom, they tend to specialise in one. Of the five types, the most damaging is ‘reactant’ boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion. The most useful is what Goetz calls ‘indifferent’ boredom: someone isn’t engaged in anything satisfying but still feels relaxed and calm. However, it remains to be seen whether there are any character traits that predict the kind of boredom each of us might be prone to.

Psychologist Sandi Mann at the University of Central Lancashire, UK, goes further. ‘All emotions are there for a reason, including boredom,’ she says. Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative. ‘We’re all afraid of being bored but in actual fact it can lead to all kinds of amazing things,’ she says. In experiments published last year, Mann found that people who had been made to feel bored by copying numbers out of the phone book for 15 minutes came up with more creative ideas about how to use a polystyrene cup than a control group. Mann concluded that a passive, boring activity is best for creativity because it allows the mind to wander. In fact, she goes so far as to suggest that we should seek out more boredom in our lives.

Psychologist John Eastwood at York University in Toronto, Canada, isn’t convinced. ‘If you are in a state of mind-wandering you are not bored,’ he says. ‘In my view, by definition boredom is an undesirable state.’ That doesn’t necessarily mean that it isn’t adaptive, he adds. ‘Pain is adaptive – if we didn’t have physical pain, bad things would happen to us. Does that mean that we should actively cause pain? No. But even if boredom has evolved to help us survive, it can still be toxic if allowed to fester.’ For Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our ‘attention system’ into gear. This causes an inability to focus on anything, which makes time seem to go painfully slowly. What’s more, your efforts to improve the situation can end up making you feel worse. ‘People try to connect with the world and if they are not successful there’s that frustration and irritability,’ he says. Perhaps most worryingly, says Eastwood, repeatedly failing to engage attention can lead to state where we don’t know what to do any more, and no longer care.

Eastwood’s team is now trying to explore why the attention system fails. It’s early days but they think that at least some of it comes down to personality. Boredom proneness has been linked with a variety of traits. People who are motivated by pleasure seem to suffer particularly badly. Other personality traits, such as curiosity, are associated with a high boredom threshold. More evidence that boredom has detrimental effects comes from studies of people who are more or less prone to boredom. It seems those who bore easily face poorer prospects in education, their career and even life in general. But of course, boredom itself cannot kill – it’s the things we do to deal with it that may put us in danger. What can we do to alleviate it before it comes to that? Goetz’s group has one suggestion. Working with teenagers, they found that those who ‘approach’ a boring situation – in other words, see that it’s boring and get stuck in anyway – report less boredom than those who try to avoid it by using snacks, TV or social media for distraction.

Psychologist Francoise Wemelsfelder speculates that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom. ‘In modern human society there is a lot of overstimulation but still a lot of problems finding meaning,’ she says. So instead of seeking yet more mental stimulation, perhaps we should leave our phones alone, and use boredom to motivate us to engage with the world in a more meaningful way.

Questions 14-19

Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-viii , in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i The productive outcomes that may result from boredom

ii What teachers can do to prevent boredom

iii A new explanation and a new cure for boredom

iv Problems with a scientific approach to boredom

v A potential danger arising from boredom

vi Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredom

vii Age groups most affected by boredom

viii Identifying those most affected by boredom

14 Paragraph A

15 Paragraph B

16 Paragraph C

17 Paragraph D

18 Paragraph E

19 Paragraph F

Questions 20-23

Look at the following people (Questions 20-23 ) and the list of ideas below.

Match each person with the correct idea, A-E .

Write the correct letter, A-E , in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.

20 Peter Toohey

21 Thomas Goetz

22 John Eastwood

23 Francoise Wemelsfelder

List of Ideas

A The way we live today may encourage boredom.

B One sort of boredom is worse than all the others.

C Levels of boredom may fall in the future.

D Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects.

E Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience.

Questions 24-26

Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.

Responses to boredom

For John Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is that people cannot 24 ……………………………, due to a failure in what he calls the ‘attention system’, and as a result they become frustrated and irritable. His team suggests that those for whom 25 ……………………….. is an important aim in life may have problems in coping with boredom, whereas those who have the characteristic of 26 ……………………….. can generally cope with it.

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Artificial artist?

Can computers really create works of art.

The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, so their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates are that could not have been imagined by the programmer.

Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’

To some extent, we are all familiar with computerised art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realise the programmer’s own creative ideas.

Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their colour palette – so why should computers be any different?

Researchers like Colton don’t believe it is right to measure machine creativity directly to that of humans who ‘have had millennia to develop our skills’. Others, though, are fascinated by the prospect that a computer might create something as original and subtle as our best artists. So far, only one has come close. Composer David Cope invented a program called Experiments in Musical Intelligence, or EMI. Not only did EMI create compositions in Cope’s style, but also that of the most revered classical composers, including Bach, Chopin and Mozart. Audiences were moved to tears, and EMI even fooled classical music experts into thinking they were hearing genuine Bach. Not everyone was impressed however. Some, such as Wiggins, have blasted Cope’s work as pseudoscience, and condemned him for his deliberately vague explanation of how the software worked. Meanwhile, Douglas Hofstadter of Indiana University said EMI created replicas which still rely completely on the original artist’s creative impulses. When audiences found out the truth they were often outraged with Cope, and one music lover even tried to punch him. Amid such controversy, Cope destroyed EMI’s vital databases.

But why did so many people love the music, yet recoil when the discovered how it was composed? A study by computer scientist David Moffat of Glasgow Caledonian University provides a clue. He asked both expert musicians and non-experts to assess six compositions. The participants weren’t told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one. People who thought the composer was a computer tended to dislike the piece more than those who believed it was human. This was true even among the experts, who might have been expected to be more objective in their analyses.

Where does this prejudice come from? Paul Bloom of Yale University has a suggestion: he reckons part of the pleasure we get from art stems from the creative process behind the work. This can give it an ‘irresistible essence’, says Bloom. Meanwhile, experiments by Justin Kruger of New York University have shown that people’s enjoyment of an artwork increases if they think more time and effort was needed to create it. Similarly, Colton thinks that when people experience art, they wonder what the artist might have been thinking or what the artist is trying to tell them. It seems obvious, therefore, that with computers producing art, this speculation is cut short – there’s nothing to explore. But as technology becomes increasingly complex, finding those greater depths in computer art could become possible. This is precisely why Colton asks the Painting Fool to tap into online social networks for its inspiration: hopefully this way it will choose themes that will already be meaningful to us.

Questions 27-31

Choose the correct letter, A , B , C or D .

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

27 What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

A People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably.

B A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field.

C They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others.

D the advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be.

28 According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

A It is aesthetically inferior to human art.

B It may ultimately supersede human art.

C It undermines a fundamental human quality.

D It will lead to a deterioration in human ability.

29 What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?

A its programmer’s background

B public response to its work

C the source of its subject matter

D the technical standard of its output

30 What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?

A Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic.

B The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art.

C It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being.

D People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria.

31 The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which

A achieves a particularly striking effect.

B exhibits a certain level of genuine artistic skill.

C closely resembles that of a well-known artist.

D highlights the technical limitations of the software.

Questions 32-37

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.

32 Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view then

33 David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by

34 Geraint Wiggins criticized Cope for not

35 Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was

36 Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after

37 The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without

A generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans.

B knowing whether it was the work of humans or software.

C producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator.

D comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers.

E revealing the technical details of his program.

F persuading the public to appreciate computer art.

G discovering that it was the product of a computer program

Questions 38-40

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

38 Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI.

39 The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way.

40 Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

Cam 12 Reading Test 04

Cam 13 reading test 02, answer cam 13 reading test 01.

2. environment

6. accommodation

9. NOT GIVEN

12. NOT GIVEN

25. pleasure

26. curiosity

39. NOT GIVEN

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IELTS Cambridge 13 Test 1: ACADEMIC Reading Module

Reading Passage 1: The headline of the passage: Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website

Questions 1-7 ( Completing table with ONE WORD ONLY):

Question 1: allowed businesses to ______ information regularly.

Keywords for these answers: database, allowed businesses, information, regularly,

Here, details = information

So, the answer is: update

Question 2: provided a country-wide evaluation of businesses, including their impact on the _________.

Keywords for this answer: database, country-wide evaluation, impact on

The last line of paragraph no. 2 has the answer. Here, the writer suggests, “As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.”

Here, effect = impact

So, the answer is: environment

Question 3: e.g. an interview with a former sports __________.

Keywords for this answer: special features, interview, a former sport

Here, rugby = sports

So, the answer is: captain

Question 4: and an interactive tour of various locations used in ________.

Keywords for this answer: interactive tour, various locations

The answer is in paragraph 3, lines 4-5. The lines say, “…… was an interactive journey through a number of locations chosen for blockbuster films …… ..”.

Here, journey = tour,

A number of locations = various locations,

Chosen for = used in,

So, the answer is: films

Question 5: varied depending on the __________.

Keywords for these answers: driving routes, varied, depending on

Here, different = varied,

according to = depending on,

So, the answers are: season

Question 6: including a map showing selected places, details of public transport and local _______.

Keywords for this answer: travel planner, a map, public transport, local

Here, the phrase ‘in the area’ can be replaced with the word ‘local’.

So, the answer is: accommodation

Question 7: travelers could send a link to their ________.

Keywords for this answer: ‘Your Words’, travelers, send, link to,

The author says, “ ….. . . The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.”

Here, anyone could submit = travelers could send a link to

So, the answer is: blog

Questions 8-13: (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)

In this type of question, candidates must find out whether:

Question 8: The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

Keywords for this answer: the website, aimed, itineraries, travel packages

This means that the aim of the website was to allow individuals and travel organizations to do their work on their own, the website did not provide any ready-made itineraries and travel packages.

The statement clearly contradicts the text.

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 9: It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

Keywords for this answer: started searching, geographical location

The answer is not anywhere in the passage. The question is about starting the search in the website.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 10: According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

Keywords for this answer: 26%, visitor satisfaction, accommodation

** Special answer-finding technique:

Here, the lines clearly contradict the question. Transportation and accommodation account for 26%. Visitor satisfaction accounts for 74%. If only accommodation accounted for 26%, we could write TRUE.

Question 11: Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

Keywords for this answer: like to, involved, local nature

It means that visitors like to engage in local culture.

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 12: Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

Keywords for this answer: like staying, small hotels

In paragraphs 6 & 7, there is no mention of staying in hotels. There is no comparison between small and large hotels also.

So the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 13: Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

Keywords for this answer: feel, unlikely, will return, after their visit

Here, the phrase ‘often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit’ means that there is a very low possibility that the visit will happen again.

So, the answer is: TRUE

Reading Passage 2 :The headline of the passage: Why being bored is stimulating – and useful, too

Questions 14-19: (List of headings)

Follow the same rules of finding answers for the List of Headings and check the first and last few lines of each paragraph. Most of the time, the answer is there for you containing some synonymous words, which match with the lists of headings. If you cannot find the answers in the first and last few lines, you may need to check the middle of the paragraphs. (This we did in other tests too.)

Question 14: Paragraph A

For this question, check line 3 of Paragraph A. The line says, “But defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult .” Let’s analyse the sentence here. The phrase ‘ has proved difficult ’ in the sentence means that there is a problem with the science to define boredom.

So, the answer is: iv (Problems with a scientific approach to boredom)

Question 15: Paragraph B

The answer is in lines 1-3 of the paragraph. Here, the writer says, “ By asking people about their experiences of boredom, Thomas Goetz and his team at the University of Konstanz in Germany have recently identified five distinct types: indifferent, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic. These can be plotted … … .”

So, we can gather from these lines that there is an explanation of how a team of scientists has classified the feelings of boredom.

So, the answer is: vi (Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredom)

Question 16: Paragraph C

In lines 2 and 3 of Paragraph C, we can find a sentence about the finding of psychologist Sandi Mann of the University of Central Lancashire. “Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative .” This means that boredom can result in something good (productive outcomes).

So, the answer is: i (The productive outcomes that may result from boredom)

Question 17: Paragraph D

We can get the answer having a quick look in lines 6-7 of paragraph D. The lines say, “… . .. But even if boredom has evolved to help us survive, it can still be toxic if allowed to fester .” The word ‘toxic’ here means poisonous or extremely bad or dangerous.

So, the answer is: v (A potential danger arising from boredom)

Question 18: Paragraph E

We can get an idea of what paragraph E talks about by reading the first 2-3 lines. Here the writer says, “Eastwood’s team is now trying to explore why the ‘attention system’ fails. It’s early days but they think that at least some of it comes down to personality. Boredom proneness has been linked with a variety of traits.” From these lines, we can gather that the researchers or scientists are working on the identification of people who are most prone to or most affected by boredom.

So, the answer is: viii (Identifying those most affected by boredom)

Question 19: Paragraph F

The first and second lines of paragraph F talk about a new theory about boredom – “…. that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom.” Then, in lines 4-5, the writer provides a possible treatment for this new source of boredom – “…. So instead of seeking yet more mental stimulation, perhaps we should leave our phones alone, and use boredom to motivate us to engage with the world in a more meaningful way . .. …”.

So, the answer is: iii (A new explanation and a new cure for boredom)

Question 20-23: (Matching names of people with their ideas or statements)

(The rules for finding answers to this sort of question are simple. Just find the name of the person and read around it carefully. Then, give a quick look to check whether there is another statement or idea provided by the same person in the text. If there is, check the reference carefully and decide your answer. Remember, the questions may not follow any sequential order. )

Question 20: Peter Toohey

In paragraph A, we find an idea shared by Peter Toohey. Look at the last lines – “If disgust protects humans from infection, boredom may protect them, from ‘infectious’ social situations .. . ..” It means boredom may help us to avoid an unpleasant situation. Here, infectious means displeasing/unpleasant.

So, the answer is: E (Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience)

Question 21: Thomas Goetz

There are two references for Thomas Goetz in this passage – in paragraphs B & E. So, we need to look at paragraph B first. In the first few lines, we can see that Goetz and his team have identified five types of boredom and when you read further, in lines 7-8, the writer states, “Of the five types, the most damaging is ‘reactant’ boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion.”

So, the answer is: B (One sort of boredom is worse than all the others)

Question 22: John Eastwood

Again, there are two references to John Eastwood in paragraphs D & E. So, we need to look at paragraph D first. If we don’t find the answer there, we can have a look at paragraph E. In paragraph D, lines 7-9 say, “For Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our ‘attention system’ into gear. This causes an inability to focus on anything which makes time seem to go painfully slowly.” The lines indicate that if anyone tries and cannot focus on anything (attention system failure), this may give a bad feeling that the time has slowed down which may make anyone more and more irritated.

So, the answer is: D (Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects)

Question 23: Francoise Wemelsfelder

There is only one reference to Wemelsfelder and that’s in Paragraph F, the very last one. Take a careful look lines 1-2, “Psychologist Francoise Wemelsfelder speculates that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom.” This clearly indicates that our present lifestyle may inspire boredom.

So, the answer is: A (The way we live today may encourage boredom)

Questions 24-26: (Completing summary with ONE WORD ONLY):

Question 24: For John Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is that people cannot ________, due to failure in what he calls the ‘attention system’,.. .. . . .

Keywords for this answer: central feature, people cannot

The question starts with the name of John Eastwood. So, we simply need to go to paragraph D and start looking for answers there. In line 7, we can see the phrase ‘central feature’. So, we can read this line – “For Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our ‘attention system’ into gear. This causes an inability to focus on anything.” Here, inability = cannot

So, the answer is: focus

Question 25: His team suggests that those for whom ______ is an important aim in life may have problems in coping with boredom, …. . . ..

Keywords for this answer: suggests, important aim in life, may have problems

In paragraph E, lines 3-4 say, “People who are motivated by pleasure seem to suffer particularly badly.”

This means people who depend on pleasure, may have problems coping with pleasure.

So, the answer is: pleasure

Question 26: …. whereas those who have the characteristic of ______ can generally cope with it.

Keywords for this answer: characteristic, generally cope with it

This answer needs some understanding. In lines 4 and 5, we see – “Other personality traits (characteristics), such as curiosity, are associated with a high boredom threshold.” Here, the word ‘threshold’ means the point where something changes or turns into something else. So, high boredom threshold means where boredom changes completely/ tendency to not get bored quickly . Thus, it further means people with curiosity can cope with boredom.

So, the answer is: curiosity

Reading Passage 3 :Artificial Artists

Questions 27-31: (Multiple Choice Questions)

‘Multiple choice questions’ is a common type of question set in the IELTS Reading test. It is also found in the Listening test. Most of the time, they come with four options but sometimes there are three options. Candidates need to work hard for this type of questions because this may confuse them easily in passage 2 or passage 3. There will be long answers for each question, so they may kill valuable time. So, quick reading or skimming technique might come handy here. Remember that answers in 3 options out of 4 will be very close. So, vocabulary power will help a lot to choose the best answer.

TIP: Skimming is the best reading technique. You need not understand every word here. Just try to gather the gist of the sentences. That’s all. Read quickly and don’t stop until you finish each sentence.

Question 27: What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

Keywords for this answer: computer-produced works, first paragraph

In the first paragraph, the answer to this question can be guessed from line 1.

In line 1 the writer of the passage says, “The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, so their makers claim, possess creative talents.” Here, the phrase one of a growing number is a clear indication that the number of computer programs is on the rise. So, great progress has been made here.

So, the answer is: B ( A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. )

Question 28: According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

Keywords for this answer: Geraint Wiggins, worried by computer art

The answer to this question can be found in line 5 of paragraph 2. Here the writer says, “…. It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.”

Many of you (IELTS candidates) may think that the answer would be D (It will lead to a deterioration in human ability). But the answer cannot be it because the answer is in future form (..will lead..), while the lines in the text are in present form. Answer A and B are ruled out because there is no comparison on any aesthetic power between computer or human art and the line does not say anywhere that computer art may overtake or supersede human art.

But answer C (It undermines a fundamental human ability) has a close relationship with the line. The line indicates to the fact that people are worried that machines like computer may have the powers which are found generally in humans. Thus, computer art can undermine or make human quality weaker.

So, the answer is: C (It undermines a fundamental human ability)

Question 29: What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?

Keywords for this answer: key difference, Aaron, Painting Fool

The answer is in lines 2-5 of paragraph 4. Here, the author mentions some amazing and interesting features of the computer program named the Painting Fool – such as “only need minimal direction”, “can come up with its own concepts”, “runs its own web searches”, “trawls through social media sites”, “beginning to display a kind of imagination”, “creating pictures from scratch”. All these features or characteristics indicate that The Painting Fool is different from Aaron in its source of subject for painting.

So, the answer is: C (the source of its subject matter)

Question 30: What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?

Keywords for this answer: fourth paragraph, Simon Colton

For this question, answer A is ruled out because there is no reference to anything childish and simplistic. There are also no points on whether people should apply the same concepts of creativity to all forms of art. So, answer B is also wrong. Take a close look at lines 7-8, where the author says, “….. Colton agrees that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art.” Here, the phrase ‘double-standard’ matches with the phrase in answer D ‘different criteria’.

So, the answer is: D (People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria)

Question 31: The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which –

Keywords for this answer: paintings of a chair

In lines 12-14 of paragraph no. 4, we find the reference of the painting of a chair. “Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality.” It means that though there was a glitch or problem in the program, it created an excellent black and white feature in the painting which was very attractive/striking/spooky ( eerie, ghostlike quality ) .

So, the answer is: A (achieves a particularly striking effect)

Questions 32-37 (Completing sentence with given list of Ideas)

Here, candidates have to complete sentences with a list of ideas. It is just like completing sentences. Candidates need to check the keywords from the question parts and try to match those keywords with the information given in the passage.

Question 32: Simon Colton says it is important to consider long-term view when –

Keywords for this answer: Simon Colton, important, long-term view

The answer is in the first two lines of paragraph 5. Here, the writer says, “Researchers like Colton don’t believe it is right to measure machine creativity directly to that of humans who ‘have had millennia to develop our skills.’ These lines clearly indicate that we should not be so direct or so quick to compare machine creativity with human creativity because humans have had developed their skills in several millennia (thousand years) to become as creative as they are now, but machines have evolved only recently and more time is necessary to understand what machines can create.

So, the answer is: D (comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers)

Question 33: David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by –

Keywords for this answer: David Cope’s EMI, surprised people

We find the mention of David Cope’s EMI software in lines 4-5 of paragraph 5. Then, in lines 7-8, we can find the answer. Here, the writer states, “Audiences were moved to experts into thinking they were hearing genuine Bach.” It means the audience was so moved by their experience of listening to machine-created music that they failed to distinguish (to find the difference) between machine-created music and human-created music.”

So, the answer is: A (generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans)

Question 34: Geraint Wiggins criticized Cope for not –

Keywords for this answer: Geraint Wiggins, criticized, Cope

We can see a criticism made by Geraint Wiggins about Cope’s EMI software in paragraph 5, lines 9-11. The author states, “Some, such as Wiggins, have blasted Cope’s work as pseudoscience, and condemned him for his deliberately vague explanation of how the software worked.” It means Wiggins does not like Cope’s work because it is pseudoscience (a kind of scientific work which is not what it claims to be) and Cope’s explanations about the work are vague (unclear/elusive) .

So, the answer is: E (revealing the technical details of his program)

Question 35: Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was –

Keywords for this answer: Douglas Hofstadter, claimed, EMI

The answer is in lines 11-12 of paragraph 5. The lines say, “…. Meanwhile, Douglas Hofstadter of Indiana University said EMI created replicas which still rely completely on the original artist’s creative impulses .”

So, the answer is: C (producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator)

Question 36: Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after –

Keywords for this answer: Audiences, listened, EMI’s music, angry

The answer lies in lines 13-14 of paragraph 5. Here, the author states, “When audiences found out the truth, they were often outraged with Cope, and one music lover even tried to punch him.” This means when audiences found out that they actually listened to music that a machine created, they were outraged or became angry at the creator of the program.

So, the answer is: G (discovering that it was the product of a computer program)

Question 37: The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without –

Keywords for this answer: participants, David Moffat’s study, assess music without

To find the answer to this question, we must find David Moffat first. In paragraph no. 6, we find the name in line no. 2. The next lines give us clues to the answer. Here, in lines 3-4, the writer says, “He asked both expert musicians and non-experts to assess six compositions. The participants weren’t told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers”. This means the listeners were not given information about the original composer until they listened to the music.

So, the answer is: B (knowing whether it was the work of humans or software)

Questions 38-40: (YES, NO, NOT GIVEN)

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question matches with the account in the text- YES The statement in the question contradicts the account in the text- NO The statement in the question has no clear connection with the account in the text- NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]

Question 38: Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI.

Keywords for this answer: Moffat’s research, help, explain, reactions, EMI

We had to read the first half of paragraph 6 for question no. 37 before. Here, we learned that Moffat’s study was giving listeners six music compositions without telling them who the composers were. Now, the last half of the paragraph tells us how people might react to this. “People who thought the composer was a computer tended to dislike the piece more than those who believed it was human. This was true even among the experts, .. . .”

So, the result of the experiment helps to understand people’s reactions.

So, the answer is: YES

Question 39: The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way.

Keywords for this answer: non-experts, Moffat’s study, all responded, predictable way

There is no reference as to whether there was any predictable way to respond by non-experts in Moffat’s study.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 40: Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

Keywords for this answer: Justin Kruger’s findings, cast doubt, Paul Bloom’s theory

The last paragraph’s lines 1-5 give us the answer. Though we find here two views of Justin Kruger and Paul Bloom, these two views actually approve or support each other.

Paul Bloom’s theory says, “…. . . .. part of the pleasure we get from art stems….. .” This matches with Justin Kruger’s experiments, “… . . have shown that people’s enjoyment of an artwork increases.”

There is another clue: In Paul Bloom’s suggestion, there is a mention of ‘the creative process’.

This also matches with Justin Kruger’s findings where we can see the mention of “more time and effort was needed to create it”.

Thus, the two findings do not cast any doubt. Rather, one supports the other.

So, the answer is: NO

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Within Australia, Australian Hotels Inc (AHI) operates nine hotels and employs over 2000 permanent full-time staff, 300 permanent part-time employees and 100 casual staff. One of its latest ventures, the Sydney Airport hotel (SAH), opened in March 1995. The hotel is the closest to Sydney Airport and is designed to provide the best available accommodation, food and beverage and meeting facilities in Sydney's southern suburbs. Similar to many international hotel chains, however, AHI has experienced difficulties in Australia in providing long-term profits for hotel owners, as a result of the country's high labour-cost structure . In order to develop an economically viable hotel organisation model, AHI decided to implement some new policies and practices at SAH.

The first of the initiatives was an organisational structure with only three levels of management - compared to the traditional seven. Partly as a result of this change, there are 25 per cent fewer management positions , enabling a significant saving. This change also has other implications. Communication, both up and down the organisation, has greatly improved. Decision-making has been forced down in many cases to front-line employees. As a result, guest requests are usually met without reference to a supervisor, improving both customer and employee satisfaction.

The hotel also recognised that it would need a different approach to selecting employees who would fit in with its new policies. In its advertisements, the hotel stated a preference for people with some 'service' experience in order to minimise traditional work practices being introduced into the hotel. Over 7000 applicants filled in application forms for the 120 jobs initially offered at SAH. The balance of the positions at the hotel (30 management and 40 shift leader positions) were predominantly filled by transfers from other AHI properties.

A series of tests and interviews were conducted with potential employees, which eventually left 280 applicants competing for the 120 advertised positions. After the final interview, potential recruits were divided into three categories. Category A was for applicants exhibiting strong leadership qualities, Category C was for applicants perceived to be followers, and Category B was for applicants with both leader and follower qualities. Department heads and shift leaders then composed prospective teams using a combination of people from all three categories . Once suitable teams were formed, offers of employment were made to team members.

Another major initiative by SAH was to adopt a totally multi-skilled workforce. Although there may be some limitations with highly technical jobs such as cooking or maintenance, wherever possible, employees at SAH are able to work in a wide variety of positions. A multi-skilled workforce provides far greater management flexibility during peak and quiet times to transfer employees to needed positions. For example, when office staff are away on holidays during quiet periods of the year, employees in either food or beverage or housekeeping departments can temporarily.

The most crucial way, however, of improving the labour cost structure at SAH was to find better, more productive ways of providing customer service. SAH management concluded this would first require a process of ' benchmarking '. The prime objective of the benchmarking process was to compare a range of service delivery processes across a range of criteria using teams made up of employees from different departments within the hotel which interacted with each other. This process resulted in performance measures that greatly enhanced SAH's ability to improve productivity and quality.

The front office team discovered through this project that a high proportion of AHI Club member reservations were incomplete. As a result, the service provided to these guests was below the standard promised to them as part of their membership agreement. Reducing the number of incomplete reservations greatly improved guest perceptions of service.

In addition, a program modelled on an earlier project called ' Take Charge ' was implemented. Essentially, Take Charge provides an effective feedback loop horn both customers and employees. Customer comments, both positive and negative, are recorded by staff. These are collated regularly to identify opportunities for improvement. Just as importantly, employees are requested to note down their own suggestions for improvement. (AHI has set an expectation that employees will submit at least three suggestions for every one they receive from a customer.)

Employee feedback is reviewed daily and suggestions are implemented within 48 hours, if possible, or a valid reason is given for non-implementation. If suggestions require analysis or data collection, the Take Charge team has 30 days in which to address the issue and come up with recommendations.

Although quantitative evidence of AHI's initiatives at SAH are limited at present, anecdotal evidence clearly suggests that these practices are working. Indeed AHI is progressively rolling out these initiatives in other hotels in Australia, whilst numerous overseas visitors have come to see how the program works.

This article has been adapted and condensed fem the article by R Carter (19%), 'Implementing the cycle of success: A case study of the Sheraten Pacific Division', Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 34(3): 111-23. Names and other details have been changed and report findings may have been given a different emphasis from the original. W eare grateful to Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources for allowing us to use, file material in this way.

Questions 1-5

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

1 The high costs of running AHI's hotels are related to their ...

A management.

D policies. Answer: C Locate

2 SAH's new organisational structure requires ...

A 75% of the old management positions.

B 25% of the old management positions.

C 25% more management positions.

D 5% fewer management positions. Answer: A Locate

3 The SAH's approach to organisational structure required changing practices in ..

A industrial relations.

B firing staff.

C hiring staff.

D marketing. Answer: C Locate

4 The total number of jobs advertised at the SAH was ...

D 280. Answer: B Locate

5 Categories A, B and C were used to select...

A front office staff.

B new teams.

C department heads.

D new managers. Answer: B Locate

Questions 6-13

Complete the following summary of the last four paragraphs of Reading Passage 1 using ONE OR TWO words from the Reading Passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 6-13 on your answer sheet.

WHAT THEY DID AT SAH

Teams of employees were selected from different hotel departments to participate in a 6 exercise.

The information collected was used to compare 7 processes which, in turn, led to the development of 8 that would be used to increase the hotel's capacity to improve 9 as well as quality.

Also, an older program known as ' 10 ' was introduced at SAH. In this program, 11 is sought from customers and staff. Wherever possible 12 suggestions are implemented within 48 hours. Other suggestions are investigated for their feasibility for a period of up to 13

6. Answer: benchmarking Locate 7. Answer: service delivery Locate 8. Answer: (performance) measures Locate 9. Answer: productivity Locate 10. Answer: (') Take Charge (') Locate 11. Answer: feedback Locate 12. Answer: employee(s') // staff Locate 13. Answer: 30 days Locate

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Preparing for IELTS
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The Complete Guide to IELTS Reading

The IELTS Reading section can feel massive and mysterious — it’s not obvious where we should start! If you’re feeling this hazy and heavy stress, this guide is for you. It lays out concrete steps, strategies, and resources you’ll need to prepare for test day. This guide is a broad overview that deals with both the Academic and General Training versions of the test.

Trusted practice materials vs. quality reading materials, academic or general training two types of ielts reading sections, academic ielts reading section, general training ielts reading section, question types (with sample practice tests), how can i practice reading for ielts tips and tricks, next steps: ielts reading practice and preparation, ielts reading resources and how to practice with them.

There are two major practice resources for IELTS Reading prep: trusted practice materials and quality reading materials . It’s important to draw on different resources in your studies to improve your reading skills. This is because different resources more effectively develop different necessary skills.

Think about it this way. Imagine your reading skills like woodworking skills. If we want to build a wooden table to demonstrate that we’re a good table crafter, we’ll definitely need a hammer and some sandpaper to build the table. But we don’t want to use a hammer or sandpaper for every step. Each tool has its own time, use, and place. Likewise, each practice resource is particularly useful for honing certain skills necessary to demonstrate your linguistic proficiency to your examiner. Using each tool for its proper purpose will make the most of your study time.

Trusted practice materials — like official IELTS practice tests or Magoosh questions — are great for two things: familiarizing ourselves with the fine-grain details of the IELTS Reading section and trying out reading strategies. The practice materials are especially important for learning the quirks of the particular version of the test you’re taking — be it the Academic or General Training. If you’re in need of trusted practice materials, check these resources out:

IELTS Reading Practice Tests and Resources
Recommended IELTS Prep Books
IELTS Reading Diagnostic Quiz
Free IELTS Academic Reading Practice Test (Video)

Now’s a good time as ever to discuss a very understandable but short-sighted impulse that we’ll want to head off. When studying for a test, there’s the impulse to answer a bunch of official questions and call it a day. We might think that that’s what we’re going to be tested on, so why not take the practice tests to use strategies and practice reading.

But relying solely or primarily on official IELTS reading passages and questions for your studies isn’t the most effective or even a particularly good use of practice materials — it’s kind of like trying to sand a wood with a hammer. There’s a limited number of these sorts of questions, so relying entirely or mostly on practice material makes it easy to exhaust these resources. Instead, we recommend using quality reading materials to build up your vocabulary and reading comprehension.

Get to Know the IELTS Reading Section

First things first, it’s important to point out that the IELTS Reading section comes in one of two types: the Academic and the General Training. Before you sign up for the IELTS, make sure you’re signed up and study for the correct version of the test. If you aren’t sure about which test you have to take, contact the institution requesting the test results and they can guide you to the correct one.

In general, the Academic passages deal with more specialized, academic topics and closely resemble articles you’d find in a newspaper or magazine. The General Training Reading section covers more general, daily life topics or relates to work in some capacity.

Depending on whether you’re taking the Academic or General Training version, there are several similarities and differences between the two:

Academic IELTS Reading passages cover a wide range of subjects from environmental science to economic history. It’s important to stress that you don’t need to be a subject expert to do well. What you will need is an expansive vocabulary; test-takers with a large vocabulary have a massive advantage. Academic IELTS Reading passages may contain some technical terms and even visual materials such as charts and graphs. IELTS commonly uses passages from professional and academic journals, textbooks, reports, and newspapers.

The Academic Reading paper consists of three passages. For each one, you will answer 10-14 questions. Here are some sample Reading passages and questions from the British Council (the makers of the IELTS exam) so you can see what Academic Reading passages and questions look like. Try to answer the questions and see how you do!

Academic IELTS Reading passage 1 : Making Time for Science
Academic IELTS Reading passage 2 : The Triune Brain
Academic IELTS Reading passage 3 : Helium’s Future up in the Air

Like Academic Reading, General Training Reading also includes articles from journals, newspapers and magazines. However, the majority of the passages are much shorter, with simpler vocabulary. Additionally, the topics tend to relate to daily life. Some passages, especially towards the beginning of the General Training Reading paper, are taken from advertisements, guidebooks, magazines, notices, or employee manuals.

While each version of General Training IELTS Reading can be slightly different, you can generally expect that the exam will get more and more challenging from beginning to end. In Section 1, there will be 2 to 3 very short (and relatively simple) articles related to everyday life topics. In Section 2, there will be two short texts. These are often related to work in some way, such as a job application or company handbook. Finally, Section 3 will contain a longer text discussing a more academic or abstract topic. This is the toughest article on the General Training Reading exam.

For more information about the types of topics you might see, check out our blog post on General Training Reading passages .

For practice, here are some reading sample tests from British Council for the General Training IELTS exam. Try to answer the questions and see how you do: Section 1 , Section 2 and Section 3 .

There are several basic IELTS reading question types that you’ll want to familiarise yourself with. Here’s a quick overview of them with practice samples linked below them:

General Training Sample: True/False/Not Given
Academic Sample: Multiple Choice
Academic Sample: Matching Headings
General Training Sample: Matching Headings
Academic Sample: Matching Information
General Training Sample: Matching Information
Academic Sample: Matching Features
General Training Sample: Matching Features
Academic Sample: Matching Sentence Endings
General Training Sample: Sentence Completion
General Training Sample: Short Answer
Academic Sample: Table Completion
Academic Sample: Diagram Completion
General Training Sample: Flow-Chart Completion

With a grasp on the different versions of the test and question types in mind, we’re now in a great place to talk shop about tips and strategies. Here’s an overview of some of the core strategies you’ll want to regularly revisit:

IELTS Reading Tips
IELTS Reading Strategies
IELTS Reading: Should You Take Notes?
Identifying Writers’ Views in IELTS Reading
How to Understand Long Sentences in IELTS Reading?
Signal Words in IELTS Reading

Now that we’ve talked about the materials and strategies — the tips and tricks of the test — it’s important to start putting together a study plan. If you’d like help putting together a study plan and have at least a month before your test, check out Magoosh’s Academic IELTS One-Month Study Plan or General Training IELTS One-Month Study Plan . If you’re in a time crunch and only have a week, we have a plan for that too!: One-Week IELTS Study Plan .

In addition to a study plan for the IELTS Reading section, it also helps to have a guide who can walk you through all the concepts and strategies. If you’re looking for lessons for all the different parts of the IELTS as a whole, check out Magoosh’s study plans .

Added up, these strategies and resources for the IELTS Reading section should help relieve the pressure that comes from the test and prep you for the big day!

All the best, and happy studying!

Eliot Friesen-Meyers is the Senior Curriculum Manager for Magoosh IELTS and TOEFL. He attended Goshen College (B.A.), New York University (M.A.), and Harvard University (M.T.S.), gaining experience and skills in curriculum development, ESOL instruction, online teaching and learning, and IELTS and TOEFL test prep education. Eliot’s teaching career started with Literacy Americorps in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and later, taught ESL programs at Northeastern University, University of California-Irvine, and Harold Washington College. Eliot was also a speaker at the 2019 TESOL International Conference . With over 10 years of experience, he understands the challenges students face and loves helping them overcome those challenges. Come join Eliot on Youtube , Facebook , and Instagram . Recent blog posts Complete Guide to IELTS Writing Task 1 Complete Guide to IELTS Writing Task 2

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2 responses to “The Complete Guide to IELTS Reading”

Hi there! Thank you for all these tips. I have a doubt about the reading part of the test in particular. My question is, there would always need to be all possible answers in a reading exercise? So for example, in a TFNG one there would always need to be at least one True answer, one False and one not given? Thanks in advance

Hi Carolina,

Great question! Although there are no officially published rules about the appearance of different answer types in IELTS Reading, you should expect that there will always be at least one True, and least one False, and at least one Not Given in any TFNG answer set. Similarly, YNNG (Yes, No, Not Given) question sets will include one of each answer. This is the case in all official practice materials from Cambridge, the British Council, and the official IELTS websites.

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IMPLEMENTING THE CYCLE OF SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY IELTS Reading with Answers

Implementing the cycle of success: a case study answers, reading passage 1, questions 1-13- implementing the cycle of success: a case study.

benchmarking.
(a range of) service delivery.
(performance) measures.
productivity.
Q Take Charge (‘)
employee(s’) // staff.

Paragraph 1 IMPLEMENTING THE CYCLE OF SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Within Australia, Australian Hotels Inc (AHI) operates nine hotels and employs over 2000 permanent full-time staff, 300 permanent part-time employees and 100 casual staff. One of its latest ventures, the Sydney Airport hotel (SAH), opened in March 1995. The hotel is the closest to Sydney Airport and is designed to provide the best available accommodation, food and beverage and meeting facilities in Sydney’s southern suburbs. Similar to many international hotel chains, however, AHI has experienced difficulties in Australia in providing long-term profits for hotel owners, as a result of the country’s high labor-cost structure. In order to develop an economically viable hotel organization model, AHI decided to implement some new policies and practices at SAH.

The first of the initiatives was an organizational structure with only three levels of management – compared to the traditional seven. Partly as a result of this change, there are 25 per cent fewer management positions, enabling a significant saving. This change also has other implications. Communication, both up and down the organization, has greatly improved. Decision-making has been forced down in many cases lo front-line employees. As a result, guest requests are usually met without reference to a supervisor, improving both customer and employee satisfaction.

The hotel also recognized that it would need a different approach to selecting employees who would fit in with ils new policies. In ils advertisements, the hotel stated a preference for people with some ‘service’ experience in order to minimize traditional work practices being introduced into the hotel. Over 7000 applicants filled in application forms for the 120 jobs initially offered at SAH. The balance of the positions at the hotel (30 management and 40 shift leader positions) were predominantly filled by transfers from other AHI properties.

A series of tests and interviews were conducted with potential employees, which eventually left 280 applicants competing for the 120 advertised positions. After the final interview, potential recruits were divided into three categories. Category A was for applicants exhibiting strong leadership qualities. Category C was for applicants perceived to be followers, and Category B was for applicants with both leader and follower qualities. Department heads and shift leaders then composed prospective teams using a combination of people from all three categories. Once suitable teams were formed, offers of employment were made to team members.

The most crucial way, however, of improving the labor cost structure at SAH was to find better, more productive ways of providing customer service. SAH management concluded this would finit require a process of ‘benchmarking’. The prime objective of the benchmarking process was to compare a range of service delivery processes across a range of criteria using teams made up of employees from different departments within the hotel which interacted with each other. This process resulted in performance measures that greatly enhanced SAH’s ability to improve productivity and quality.

In addition, a program modeled on an earlier project called Take Charge’ was implemented. Essentially, Take Charge provides an effective feedback loop firm both customers and employees. Customer comments, both positive and negative, are recorded by staff. These are collated regularly to identify opportunities for improvement. Just as importantly, employees are requested to note down their own suggestions for improvement. (AHI has set an expectation that employees will submit at least three suggestions for every one they receive from a customer.)

Although quantitative evidence of AHI’s initiatives at SAH are limited at present, anecdotal evidence clearly suggests that these practices are working. Indeed, AHI is progressively rolling out these initiatives in other hotels in Australia, whilst numerous overseas visitors have come to see how the program works.

IELTS READING SAMPLES

Questions 1-13 IMPLEMENTING THE CYCLE OF SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY.

Questions 1-5 .

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

The high costs of running AHI’s hotels are related to their …

A. management.

D. policies.

2. SAH’s new organizational structure requires …

A. 75% of the old management positions.

B. 25% of the old management positions.

C. 25% more management positions.

D. 5% fewer management positions.

3. The SAH’s approach to the organizational structure required changing practices in ..

A industrial relations.

B. firing staff.

C. hiring staff.

D. marketing.

4. The total number of jobs advertised at the SAH was …

5. Categories A, B, and C were used to select…

A. front office staff.

B. new teams.

C. department heads.

D. new managers.

Questions 6-13

Complete the following summary of the last four paragraphs of Reading Passage I using ONE OR TWO words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 6-13 on your answer sheet .

WHAT THEY DID AT SAH

Teams of employees were selected from different hotel departments to participate in a … (6) … exercise.

The information collected was used to compare … (7) … processes which, in turn, led to the development of … (8) … that would be used to increase the hotel’s capacity to improve … (9) … as well as quality.

Also, an older program known as … (10) … was introduced at SAH. In this program… (11) … is sought from customers and staff. Wherever possible … (12) … suggestions are implemented within 48 hours. Other suggestions are investigated for their feasibility for a period of up to …(13)…

ANSWER OF IMPLEMENTING THE CYCLE OF SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY.

Reading Passage 1, Questions 1-13

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IELTS Academic Reading # 38 - Implementing the Cycle of Success

Ielts academic reading passage: implementing the cycle of success - a case studfy, implementing the cycle of success: a case study.

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Case Study Tourism New Zealand Website – IELTS Reading Answers

10 min read

Updated On Feb 13, 2024

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Case Study Tourism New Zealand Website – IELTS Reading Answers

Recent IELTS Reading Test with Answers - Free PDF

The IELTS Reading Module offers a fantastic chance to achieve excellent scores. It assesses a candidate’s reading comprehension skills in English. You must comprehend the various question types in order to perform at your best in this area. Ideally, you should not spend more than 20 minutes on a passage.

The Academic passage, Case Study Tourism New Zealand Website reading answers, appeared in an IELTS Test. Try to find the answers to get an idea of the difficulty level of the passages in the actual reading test. If you want more passages to solve, try taking one of our IELTS reading practice tests.

Let’s see how easy this passage is for you and if you can solve it in 20 minutes.

The question types found in this passage are:

Table Completion (Q. 1-7)
True/False/Not Given (Q 8-13)

Do you want to revise the steps to solve the Matching Features questions for IELTS Academic Reading?

Check out IELTS Reading Matching Features Questions !

Reading Passage

Case Study: Tourism New Zealand Website

A New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country’s gross domestic product and is the country’s largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself – the people, the places, and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand’s scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world.

B A key feature of the campaign was the website www.newzealand.com, which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism service to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organised a scheme whereby organisations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.

C To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand’s stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travelers devise their own customised itineraries. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.

D Later, a Travel Planner feature was added, which allowed visitors to click and ‘bookmark’ places or attractions they were interested in, and then view the results on a map. The Travel Planner offered suggested routes and public transport options between the chosen locations. There were also links to accommodation in the area. By registering with the website, users could save their Travel Plan and return to it later, or print it out to take on the visit. The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.

E The Tourism New Zealand website won two Webby awards for online achievement and innovation. More importantly perhaps, the growth of tourism to New Zealand was impressive. Overall tourism expenditure increased by an average of 6.9% per year between 1999 and 2004. From Britain, visits to New Zealand grew at an average annual rate of 13% between 2002 and 2006, compared to a rate of 4% overall for British visits abroad.

F The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organizations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests. On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%. The more activities that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. Many long-haul travelers enjoy such learning experiences, which provide them with stories to take home to their friends and family. In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don’t want to be ‘one of the crowd’ and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.

G It could be argued that New Zealand is not a typical destination. New Zealand is a small country with a visitor economy composed mainly of small businesses. It is generally perceived as a safe English-speaking country with reliable transport infrastructure. Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit. However, the underlying lessons apply anywhere – the effectiveness of a strong brand, a strategy based on unique experiences and a comprehensive and user-friendly website.

Questions 1-7

Questions 8-13.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?

In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write –

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information, FALSE if the statement contradicts the information, NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

8 The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

9 It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

10 According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

11 Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

12 Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

13 Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

‘ Case Study Tourism New Zealand website ’ IELTS Reading Answers With Location and Explanation

1 Answer: update

Question type: Table Completion

Answer location: Paragraph B

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 8th and 9th lines that, “In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis….”.

2 Answer: environment

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the last line that, “As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.”

3 Answer: Captain

Answer location: Paragraph C

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 1-3 lines that, “….One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga.”

4 Answer: films

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 4th and 5th lines that, “…… was an interactive journey through a number of locations chosen for blockbuster films …….”.

5 Answer: season

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 8th and 9th lines that, “…. the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season…..”.

6 Answer: accommodation

Answer location: Paragraph D

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 4th line that, “….. There were also links to accommodation in the area.”

7 Answer: blog

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 6th and 7th lines that, “ ….. The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.”

8 Answer: FALSE

Question type: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

Answer location: Paragraph F

Answer explanation: The response lies in Paragraph 6. The initial two lines indicate that the website’s purpose was to empower individuals and travel organizations to create their own travel plans. The website did not offer pre-packaged itineraries and travel packages.

This assertion directly opposes the information in the passage.

Hence, the answer is FALSE.

9 Answer: NOT GIVEN

Answer explanation: The answer cannot be located within the text. The question pertains to initiating a search on the website.

In Paragraph 6, line 3, the author mentions, “…visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical locations, but also by the particular nature of the activity.” However, there is no information provided regarding how to start a search.

As a result, the answer is NOT GIVEN.

10 Answer: FALSE

Answer explanation: The answer can be found in lines 4, 5, and 6 of paragraph 6.

In these lines, it is evident that the question is contradicted. Transportation and lodging makeup 26%, while visitor satisfaction makes up 74%. If only lodging constituted 26%, we could affirm that it is TRUE.

Therefore, the correct answer is FALSE.

11 Answer: TRUE

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in lines 7-9 that, “…. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn more about traditional life.”

12 Answer: NOT GIVEN

Answer location: Paragraphs F & G

Answer explanation: Staying in hotels is not discussed, and there is also no comparison made between small and large hotels.

Therefore, the answer is NOT GIVEN.

13 Answer: TRUE

Answer location: Paragraph G

Answer explanation: It is mentioned in the 4th and 5th lines that, “Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit.”

Tips for Answering the Question Types in the ‘Case Study Tourism New Zealand website’ IELTS Reading Answers

Let us check out some quick tips to answer the types of questions in the ‘Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website’ Reading Answers passage.

Table Completion:

The way to solve the table completion questions of the IELTS Reading is similar to Summary Completion. You will be asked to fill in the blanks in a small passage given in the form of a note with the relevant words or numbers. So, let us revise the strategies.

Read the instructions carefully. It will help you determine the word limit (no more than two, one word, etc.) and important terms like ‘using words from the text’ or ‘from the text’. You have to follow these strictly.
Go through the incomplete table first. Also, think about keywords and how they could be represented by synonyms or paraphrasing.
Locate where the information is by scanning quickly . If you can’t, move on.
Study the reading text by using the skimming and scanning techniques . It will help to establish the answer quickly. When scanning for your answer, make sure you are thinking about paraphrasing and synonyms.
The answers appear in the same order as the questions . Also, check your spelling and remember that your answer should be grammatically correct.

True/False/Not Given

In IELTS Reading , ‘True, False, Not Given’ questions are based on facts. Several factual statements will be provided to you, and it is up to you to determine whether or not they are accurate by reading the text.

To answer this type of question, you can use the following strategies:

Read the question and identify the keywords – Before reading the material, have a look at your list of True, False, and Not Given questions.
Scan the passage for synonyms or paraphrased words of the keywords – When you have highlighted the keywords, swiftly read the text to look for paraphrases or synonyms.
Match the highlighted words in the questions with their synonyms in the text – Once you find both sets of keywords, cross-check them to find the answer.

Identify the answer – If the facts match, the answer is TRUE, and in case it doesn’t match, it is FALSE. If you are unable to find the answer or unsure of it, mark it NOT GIVEN.

Great work on attempting to solve the ‘Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website’ IELTS reading passage! To crack your IELTS Reading in the first go, try solving more of the Recent IELTS Reading Passages.

Also, check :

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Risk assessment for general office cleaning: IELTS Reading

IELTS General Test – Passage 18: A case study of a risk assessment for general office cleaning reading with answers explanation, location and pdf. This reading paragraph has been taken from our huge collection of Academic & General Training (GT) Reading practice test PDFs.

A case study of a risk assessment for general office cleaning

A commercial cleaning service took on a new contract to clean an office complex. Before sending cleaning staff to the offices, the manager of the cleaning service carried out a risk assessment using guidance provided by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).

To identify the hazards, the cleaning service manager visited the office complex and walked through the areas where cleaning staff would be working, noting things that might pose potential risks. Following this, he consulted the health and safety representatives of the cleaning service about these risks, taking into account the needs of any particular staff members, such as whether they were pregnant or aged under 18.

In order to gather further information, he then had a meeting with the client company during which a number of issues were discussed. These included the client company’s own standard of housekeeping, such as the immediate clearing up of spills and keeping walkways clear, as well as the action to be taken if a fire broke out. He also established what facilities and equipment would be available to the cleaners, including the amount of storage space available, as well as the availability of sinks and taps, etc. and agreed on a method of reporting near-miss accidents and risks discovered by cleaners (e.g. damaged floor tiles).

Following the meeting, the manager created a risk assessment document. He wrote down who could be harmed by each risk or hazard identified and in what way, and he then described what controls, if any, were in existence to manage these hazards. The manager then compared these to the good practice guidance set out on the HSE’s website and identified any areas where improvement was needed.

The manager discussed the findings with the cleaning staff, making sure they understood the risks of the job and how these risks would be monitored. One cleaner, whose first language was not English, had difficulty understanding this, so the manager arranged for translation to be done by a bilingual cleaner from another team. Finally, to ensure that all the cleaning staff had access to a copy of the risk assessment, the manager pinned a copy in the cupboard where cleaning equipment was kept.

Questions 15-21

Complete the flow-chart below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 15-21 on your answer sheet.

Stages followed by manager in carrying out risk assessment

He visited the offices to be cleaned and noted potential risks.

He talked to health and safety 15 …………………… about the risks.

At a meeting, he talked to the client company about

• the policy of the company regarding 16 …………………… (e.g. clear walkways)

• procedures to be followed in case of a 17 ……………………

• facilities available to cleaners (e.g. space available for 18 ……………………)

• a way of 19 …………………… risks and hazards.

He created a risk assessment document identifying existing controls of risks and hazards.

He compared these to information that the HSE provided on its 20 …………………… .

He displayed a copy of the risk assessment inside a 21 …………………… available to all cleaning staff.

________________

1) IELTS 13 READING PASSAGE – VANILLA: THE MOST WONDERFUL FLAVOUR ↗

2) IELTS 13 READING PASSAGE – TRAVEL PHOTOGRAPHY COMPETITION ↗

3) IELTS 13 READING PASSAGE – RUNNING HEADPHONES ↗

4) IELTS 13 READING PASSAGE – PREPARING FOR VIRTUAL JOB INTERVIEW ↗

5) IELTS 13 READING PASSAGE – TUNING UP YOUR LEADERSHIP SKILLS ↗

A case study of a risk assessment for general office cleaning Answers

Check out A case study of a risk assessment for general office cleaning reading answers below with explanations and locations given in the text.

15 representatives

16 housekeeping

17 fire

18 storage

19 reporting

20 website

21 cupboard

A case study of a risk assessment for general office cleaning PDF

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Cambridge IELTS 13 Academic Reading Test 1 with Answers

Cambridge ielts 13 academic reading test 1, reading passage 1, case study: tourism new zealand website.

Questions 1-7

Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

Questions 8-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8 The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists. 9 It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location. 10 According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation. 11 Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture. 12 Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones. 13 Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Why being bored is stimulating – and useful, too

This most common of emotions is turning out to be more interesting than we thought

Questions 14-19

Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-viii , in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i The productive outcomes that may result from boredom

ii What teachers can do to prevent boredom

iii A new explanation and a new cure for boredom

iv Problems with a scientific approach to boredom

v A potential danger arising from boredom

vi Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredom

vii Age groups most affected by boredom

viii Identifying those most affected by boredom

14 Paragraph A 15 Paragraph B 16 Paragraph C 17 Paragraph D 18 Paragraph E 19 Paragraph F

Questions 20-23

Look at the following people (Questions 20-23 ) and the list of ideas below.

Match each person with the correct idea, A-E .

Write the correct letter, A-E , in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.

20 Peter Toohey

21 Thomas Goetz

22 John Eastwood

23 Francoise Wemelsfelder

List of Ideas

A The way we live today may encourage boredom.

B One sort of boredom is worse than all the others.

C Levels of boredom may fall in the future.

D Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects.

E Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience.

Questions 24-26

Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.

Responses to boredom

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Artificial artist?

Can computers really create works of art?

Questions 27-31

Choose the correct letter, A , B , C or D .

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

27 What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

A People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D the advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be.

28 According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

A It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B It may ultimately supersede human art. C It undermines a fundamental human quality. D It will lead to a deterioration in human ability.

29 What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?

A its programmer’s background B public response to its work C the source of its subject matter D the technical standard of its output

30 What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?

A Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria.

31 The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which

A achieves a particularly striking effect. B exhibits a certain level of genuine artistic skill. C closely resembles that of a well-known artist. D highlights the technical limitations of the software.

Questions 32-37

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.

32 Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view then

33 David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by

34 Geraint Wiggins criticized Cope for not

35 Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was

36 Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after

37 The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without

A generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans.

B knowing whether it was the work of humans or software.

C producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator.

D comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers.

E revealing the technical details of his program.

F persuading the public to appreciate computer art.

G discovering that it was the product of a computer program

Questions 38-40

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

38 Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI.

39 The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way.

40 Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

Cambridge IELTS 13 Academic Reading Test 1 Answers

1. update 2. environment 3. captain 4. films 5. season 6. accommodation 7. blog 8. FALSE 9. NOT GIVEN 10. FALSE 11. TRUE 12. NOT GIVEN 13. TRUE 14. iv 15. vi 16. i 17. v 18. viii 19. iii 20. E

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Case study tourism New Zealand website Reading Ielts Answers and Questions

The Blog post contains the following IELTS Reading Questions

Stay informed and prepared for success – Explore our comprehensive Reading Test Info page to get valuable insights, exam format details, and expert tips for mastering the IELTS Reading section .

IELTS Reading True/False/Not given

Case study tourism New Zealand website

New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country’s gross domestic product and is the country’s largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself – the people, the places and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand’s scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world.

A key feature of the campaign was the website www.newzealand.com, which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism services to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organized a scheme whereby organizations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.

To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand’s stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travelers devise their own customized itineraries. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site cataloged the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.

Later, a Travel Planner feature was added, which allowed visitors to click and ‘bookmark’ places or attractions they were interested in, and then view the results on a map. The Travel Planner offered suggested routes and public transport options between the chosen locations. There were also links to accommodation in the area. By registering with the website, users could save their Travel Plan and return to it later, or print it out to take on the visit. The website also had a ‘Your Words’ section where anyone could submit a blog about their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.

The Tourism New Zealand website won two Webby awards for online achievement and innovation. More importantly, perhaps, the growth of tourism in New Zealand was impressive. Overall tourism expenditure increased by an average of 6.9% per year between 1999 and 2004. From Britain, visits to New Zealand grew at an average annual rate of 13% between 2002 and 2006, compared to a rate of 4% overall for British visits abroad.

The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organizations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests. On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%. The more activities that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. Many long-haul travelers enjoy such learning experiences, which provide them with stories to take home to their friends and family. In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don’t want to be ‘one of the crowd’ and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.

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Answers for case study tourism New Zealand

1. Answer: Update

2. Answer: Environment

3. Answer:Captain

4. Answer: Flims

5. Answer: Seasons

6. Answer: Accommodation

7. Answer: Blog

8. Answer: False

9. Answer: Not given

10. Answer: False

11. Answer: True

12. Answer: Not given

13. Answer: True

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Essay on Importance of English language Reading Questions and Answers

IELTS Reading passage – Essay on Importance of English language Essay on Importance of English…

Keep taking the tablets Reading Ielts Answers and Questions

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IELTS Reading - ZIELTS 4+

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Cambridge 13 IELTS Academic Reading Test 1

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Why being bored is stimulating – and useful, too

This most common of emotions is turning out to be more interesting than we thought

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Artificial artist?

Can computers really create works of art?

Complete the table below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8. The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.

9. It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.

10. According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

11. Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.

12. Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.

13. Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.

Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-viii , in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i The productive outcomes that may result from boredom

ii What teachers can do to prevent boredom

iii A new explanation and a new cure for boredom

iv Problems with a scientific approach to boredom

v A potential danger arising from boredom

vi Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredom

vii Age groups most affected by boredom

viii Identifying those most affected by boredom

14. Paragraph A

15. Paragraph B

16. Paragraph C

17. Paragraph D

18. Paragraph E

19. Paragraph F

Look at the following people (Questions 20-23 ) and the list of ideas below.

Match each person with the correct idea, A-E .

List of Ideas

A The way we live today may encourage boredom.

B One sort of boredom is worse than all the others.

C Levels of boredom may fall in the future.

D Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects.

E Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience.

Write the correct letter, A-E , in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.

20. Peter Toohey

21. Thomas Goetz

22. John Eastwood

23. Francoise Wemelsfelder

Complete the summary below.

Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.

Responses to boredom

For John Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is that people cannot 24. , due to a failure in what he calls the ‘attention system’, and as a result they become frustrated and irritable. His team suggests that those for whom 25. is an important aim in life may have problems in coping with boredom, whereas those who have the characteristic of 26. can generally cope with it.

Choose the correct letter, A , B , C or D .

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

27. What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

28. According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

29. What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?

30. What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?

31. The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.

A generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans.

B knowing whether it was the work of humans or software.

C producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator.

D comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers.

E revealing the technical details of his program.

F persuading the public to appreciate computer art.

G discovering that it was the product of a computer program

32. Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view then

33. David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by

34. Geraint Wiggins criticized Cope for not

35. Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was

36. Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after

37. The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

38. Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI.

39. The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way.

40. Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

Time’s up

2. environment

6. accommodation

9. NOT GIVEN

12. NOT GIVEN

25. pleasure

26. curiosity

39. NOT GIVEN

27 out of 40

That is now corrected, Thank you!

The box for questions # 20 to 23 and 32 to 37 are missing.

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International edition
Australia edition
Europe edition

‘Children won’t be able to survive’: inter-American court to hear from climate victims

Historic hearing will receive submissions from people whose human rights have been affected by climate change

Julian Medina comes from a long line of fishers in the north of Colombia’s Gulf of Morrosquillo who use small-scale and often traditional methods to catch species such as mackerel, tuna and cojinúa.

Medina went into business as a young man but was drawn back to his roots, and ended up leading a fishing organisation. For years he has campaigned against the encroachment of fossil fuel companies, pollution and overfishing, which are destroying the gulf’s delicate ecosystem and people’s livelihoods.

He says there have been huge declines in the amount of fish he and others can catch – 70% in the past decade – leading to widespread hunger in an already poor region. “We are now getting fish below the minimum size, which are the ones that could have provided us with security in the future.”

Medina is angry at the fossil fuel companies that are taking over part of the coast and have caused oil spills, and angry at the authorities that license them and undermine community attempts to restore mangrove forests. He is also deeply concerned about how warming water is bleaching the coral reefs through which his prey swims.

“We see how industrial activity is affecting our entire ecosystem,” he says. “But we also know that climate change is affecting our environment. It is a struggle and we are trying to make it visible in order to be heard.”

Medina will be telling his story this week to a panel of judges in Barbados during the first part of a historic hearing on climate change by the inter-American court of human rights.

The inquiry was instigated by Colombia and Chile, which together asked the court to set out what legal responsibilities states have to tackle climate change and to stop it breaching people’s human rights.

A water company worker monitors the level of the San Rafael reservoir. The landscape is arid and cracked

The detailed request seeks clarity on many issues, including children’s and women’s rights, environmental defenders, and common but differentiated responsibilities – the idea that all countries have a role to play in tackling climate change but some should bear a bigger burden. As well as mitigating and adapting to climate change, it asks how states should tackle the inevitable loss and damage .

Although climate change affects the whole world, the two countries told the court that its effects are not experienced uniformly or fairly. Their request letter warns that people in Chile and Colombia already deal with the daily consequences of the climate emergency, including droughts, floods, landslides and fires.

“These phenomena highlight the need to respond urgently and based on the principles of equity, justice, cooperation and sustainability, with a focus on human rights,” they said.

Courts around the world are increasingly making the link between climate justice and human rights. This month, the European court of human rights ruled for the first time that weak government climate policies violated fundamental human rights.

But the global south is leading the way. The Costa Rica-based court was set up in 1979 to interpret and apply the American convention on human rights, a treaty ratified by members of the Organization of American States . Twenty states have accepted its jurisdiction, including most Latin American countries and several Caribbean islands. Neither the US nor Canada have done so.

It is the third international court tasked with providing an advisory opinion on climate change, alongside the international court of justice and the international tribunal for the law of the aea . Such opinions are highly influential and set the framework for future legal action.

However, the inter-American court is the only one focusing on human rights. In a previous opinion it recognised the right to a healthy environment and affirmed that states must protect human rights affected by environmental harm, even if it happens outside their borders.

That recognition was enforced in March, when it ruled that Peru had violated the right to a healthy environment of people living in the country’s “most contaminated town” .

“The inter-American court is generally known and sees itself as a court that is much more willing to innovate with the law and to draw on sources from around the world,” said Sophie Marjanac, the accountable corporations lead at environmental law charity ClientEarth who will be speaking at the Barbados hearing.

A tropical storm moves toward St Michael Parish, Barbados.

Unlike the other courts, the inter-American court accepts written submissions from organisations and individuals, and has invited many of these to its oral hearings.

The hearing will begin with statements from the governments of Chile, Colombia and Barbados, followed by Mexico and Vanuatu. The court will then hear from UN bodies, legal experts from the Americas and further afield, local and national campaign groups, trade unions and refugee organisations. The eclectic mix of speakers includes Grupo Energía Bogotá, a large regional gas company.

One key part of the opinion tackles intergenerational equity, and the court will hear directly from youth people.

Jovana Hoschtialek, 18, a teacher and Grenadian climate campaigner, has seen significant changes in her home island.

“The sea is rising, quite a few of our plants are dying and water is becoming more scarce,” she said. “Sooner or later the things that I have grown up with, my younger sisters aren’t going to be able to experience.”

Hoschitalek is preparing to tell the court about her experiences. “I want to try to tell them how important it is that the future generations can be seen because … children won’t be able to survive the harsh climate that will come if things don’t take a drastic change.”

Trina Chiemi, the founder of youth network Fast Action on Climate to Ensure Intergenerational Justice, hopes the hearing will be an empowering process. “With the inter-American court we’re able to share our voices directly, and they’re able to look and see the faces of the people that are affected.”

The court’s subsequent hearings in the Brazilian cities of Brasília and Manaus in May will include many more frontline stories from the climate crisis including people living in “sacrifice zones” in Chile, Bolivian women fighting to protect their local water supplies and Indigenous communities.

Medina and others are speaking at the hearing with the support of Asociación Interamericana para la Defensa del Ambiente (Aida), an environmental law organisation that works in Latin America.

“A lot of issues that are going to be raised may seem disconnected,” said Marcella Ribeiro, a senior human rights and environment attorney for Aida. “But what I think is really beautiful [about] hearing from environmental defenders and communities directly is that they can pinpoint where or how these environmental issues connect with climate change. For example, environmental degradation and their ability to adapt.”

Once the opinion is published, it will have direct influence on the countries that accept the court’s jurisdiction. Legal experts say it will be an authoritative source on the obligations of states to respond to climate change, potentially boosting action to cut greenhouse gas emissions, supporting adaptation measures and helping establish mechanisms to address loss and damage.

Campaigners also hope it will invigorate existing climate lawsuits and petitions, such as those currently stalled at the inter-American commission on human rights (the court’s sister organisation), and say it could form the basis for future domestic or regional climate litigation.

It could even be used by countries during arbitration claims in investor-state dispute settlements , many of which are brought by companies in extractive industries.

The opinion is expected to have an impact outside the Americas too, including on the ICJ’s pending advisory opinion.

“We in the territories know something about our environment, we know what is happening,” said Medina. “Many scientists come and study what is happening and they can give context. But we who have experienced the changes … it is very important that our voices are heard.”

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CAMBRIDGE 13 READING TEST 1

Case study: tourism new zealand website .

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

It could be argued that New Zealand is not a typical destination. New Zealand is a small country with a visitor economy composed mainly of small businesses. It is generally perceived as a safe English-speaking country with reliable transport infrastructure. Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit. However, the underlying lessons apply anywhere – the effectiveness of a strong brand, a strategy based on unique experiences and a comprehensive and user-friendly website.

Questions 1-7 Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

Questions 8-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8 . The website www.newzealand.com aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists. 9 . It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location. 10 . According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.

WHY BEING BORED IS STIMULATING READING

THIS MOST COMMON OF EMOTIONS IS TURNING OUT TO BE MORE INTERESTING THAN WE THOUGHT

Questions 14-19 Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i The productive outcomes that may result from boredom

ii What teachers can do to prevent boredom

iii A new explanation and a new cure for boredom

iv Problems with a scientific approach to boredom

v A potential danger arising from boredom

vi Creating a system of classification for feelings of boredom

vii Age groups most affected by boredom

viii Identifying those most affected by boredom

14 Paragraph A

15 Paragraph B

16 Paragraph C

17 Paragraph D

18 Paragraph E

19 Paragraph F

Questions 20-23 Look at the following people (Questions 20-23) and the list of ideas below.

Match each person with the correct idea, A-E.

Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.

20 Peter Toohey

21 Thomas Goetz

22 John Eastwood

23 Francoise Wemelsfelder

List of Ideas

A The way we live today may encourage boredom.

B One sort of boredom is worse than all the others.

C Levels of boredom may fall in the future.

D Trying to cope with boredom can increase its negative effects.

E Boredom may encourage us to avoid an unpleasant experience.

Questions 24-26 Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.

Responses to boredom

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Artificial artist?

Can computers really create works of art.

Questions 27-31 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

27 What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?

A People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably.

B A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field.

C They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others.

D the advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be.

28 According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?

A It is aesthetically inferior to human art.

B It may ultimately supersede human art.

C It undermines a fundamental human quality.

D It will lead to a deterioration in human ability.

29 What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?

A its programmer’s background

B public response to its work

C the source of its subject matter

D the technical standard of its output

30 What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?

A Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic.

B The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art.

C It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being.

D People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria.

31 The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which

A achieves a particularly striking effect.

B exhibits a certain level of genuine artistic skill.

C closely resembles that of a well-known artist.

D highlights the technical limitations of the software.

Questions 32-37 Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.

32 Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view then

33 David Cope’s EMI software surprised people by

34 Geraint Wiggins criticized Cope for not

35 Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was

36 Audiences who had listened to EMI’s music became angry after

37 The participants in David Moffat’s study had to assess music without

A generating work that was virtually indistinguishable from that of humans.

B knowing whether it was the work of humans or software.

C producing work entirely dependent on the imagination of its creator.

D comparing the artistic achievements of humans and computers.

E revealing the technical details of his program.

F persuading the public to appreciate computer art.

G discovering that it was the product of a computer program

Questions 38-40 Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

38 Moffat’s research may help explain people’s reactions to EMI.

39 The non-experts in Moffat’s study all responded in a predictable way.

40 Justin Kruger’s findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom’s theory about people’s prejudice towards computer art.

( Cambridge 13 Test 1 Reading Answers)

Case study: new zealand tourism website reading answers, passage 1 .

2. environment

6. accommodation

9. NOT GIVEN

12. NOT GIVEN

Why being boring is stimulating Reading Answers

Passage 2 .

25. pleasure

26. curiosity

Artificial Artists Reading Answers

Passage 3 .

39. NOT GIVEN

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Explore a detailed case study on the Tourism New Zealand website in IELTS Reading: Cambridge 13 Test 1, Passage 1. Discover the best solutions, in-depth explanations, and bonus tips to excel in your IELTS preparation. Uncover the strategies employed by Tourism New Zealand and gain valuable insights for success in the IELTS exam. Dive into this comprehensive guide for expert advice and bonus ...
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READING PASSAGE 1. You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website. New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world.
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IELTS Reading passage - Case study tourism New Zealand website. Case study tourism New Zealand website. New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country's gross domestic product and is the country's ...
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READING PASSAGE 1 . Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website. New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country's gross domestic product, and is the country's largest export sector.
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CASE STUDY: TOURISM NEW ZEALAND WEBSITE. You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country's gross domestic ...

IELTS Reading: Cambridge 13 Test 1 Reading Passage 1, Case Study: Tourism New Zealand website; with best solutions, explanations and bonus tips

Reading Passage 1 :

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